| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/19628 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | Mem_Fac_Eng_OU_32_1.pdf |
| Author | Guo, Changning| Uno, Yoshiyuki| Okada, Akira| Takagi, Takashi| |
| Abstract | Low electrode wear EDM is attained by the adhesion of heat resolved carbon made from kerosine type machining fluid to the electrode end surface. This phenomenon, however, occurs only under long pulse duration. Therefore, the low electrode wear EDM under finishing condition is impossible so far. In the previous paper, the authors developed a turbostratic carbon electrode whose structure is very similar to the heat resolved carbon generated in EDM process and made it clear that the low electrode wear EDM was possible by using the electrode even under finishing condition. In this study, a carbon coated electrode and a SiC coated one which can be made rapidly at low cost were developed and their EDM characteristics were investigated. Experimental analysis pointed it out that both electrodes were effective in reducing electrode wear under finishing condition. |
| Publication Title | Memoirs of the Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University |
| Published Date | 1998-04-20 |
| Volume | volume32 |
| Issue | issue1-2 |
| Start Page | 1 |
| End Page | 6 |
| ISSN | 0475-0071 |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120002309140 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/19624 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | Mem_Fac_Eng_OU_31_1_11.pdf |
| Author | Zhang Chunxiao| Tanigawa Satoshi| Uchida, Tetsuya| Shimamura, Kaoru| |
| Abstract | Poly[(benzo[1,2-d:5,4-d']bissthiazole-2,6-diyl)-1,4-phenylene](cis-PBZT)with a relatively high molecular weight was prepared by a new synthesis route. Properties of the synthesized polymer, such as thermostability, liquid crystallinity etc. were investigated and compared with those of trans-PBZT. cis-PBZT was crystallized from dilute solution and the electron microscopy showed that the precipitate was a rod-like crystal similar to that of trans form. In spite of rigid nature of the back bone, cis-PBZT showed poor crystallinity. |
| Publication Title | Memoirs of the Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University |
| Published Date | 1996-12-27 |
| Volume | volume31 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 11 |
| End Page | 17 |
| ISSN | 0475-0071 |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120002309203 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/19622 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | Mem_Fac_Eng_OU_31_1_5.pdf |
| Author | Shimamura, Kaoru| Zhang Chunxiao| Uchida, Tetsuya| |
| Abstract | Rigid polymer poly(p-phenylene benzobisthiazole) was crystallized from dilute solution. Electron microscopy showed that upon quenching, flat fibrils with several nm thick were produced. Subsequent heat treatment in solvent changed the fibril into "shish-kebab". On the other hand, by isothermal crystallization, an aggregate of parallel rod-like crystals was obtained. The molecular chains were accommodated normal to the rod. Based on the observation of crystal morphology, the isothermal crystallization mechanism was proposed. Because of regidity of polymer chains and wide distribution of the molecular length, the chain ends were inevitably included within the crystals resulting in crystal defects such as axial shift, lattice curvature and edge dislocation which were directly observed by lattice imaging. |
| Publication Title | Memoirs of the Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University |
| Published Date | 1996-12-27 |
| Volume | volume31 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 5 |
| End Page | 10 |
| ISSN | 0475-0071 |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120002309167 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/19619 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | Mem_Fac_Eng_OU_31_1_1.pdf |
| Author | Sakakibara, Akira| Nakagawa, Keiyu| Hosokawa, Norio| Kanadani, Teruto| |
| Abstract | Dependence of precipitation hardening on the distance from specimen surface and effect of the surface layer on the fatigue strength of an Al-1.2mass% Si alloy were studied by microhardness test, transmission electron microscopy and repeated tension fatigue test. Rate of age-hardening was slower in the vicinity of surface than in the interior of the specimen aged at 423K after quenching from 853K. The result of the electron microscopy was that the size ot Si precipitates formed in the vicinity of surface was smaller than in the interior of specimen aged for 6ks at 423K. This difference was considered to be caused by the effect of the surface as vacancy sinks which slowed down the growh of Si precipitates in the vicinity of the specimen surface. A specimen surface layer whose hardness was different from that of the specimen interior was formed at the vicinity of the surface when the specimen was aged at relatively low temperature such as 423K. The fatigue strength in repeated tensile test ot the specimen did not depend on whether the specimen surface layer was present or not. |
| Publication Title | Memoirs of the Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University |
| Published Date | 1996-12-27 |
| Volume | volume31 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 1 |
| End Page | 3 |
| ISSN | 0475-0071 |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120005816788 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/19618 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | Mem_Fac_Eng_OU_33_1_59.pdf |
| Author | Fujihara Yutaka| Osaki, Hirokazu| |
| Abstract | In this paper, we propose a method to solve simultaneously facility layout problem and scheduling problem. About a initial random layout planning, the production scheduling and the transportation scheduling of AGV are obtained by using priority rules. From the obtained transportation scheduling, the critical transportation and the closeness rating are obtained. Facility layout is renewed by the combined procedure of genetic algorithm and tabu search in order to reduce the material handling cost. By using this renewed facility layout, the production scheduling and the transportation scheduling of AGV are also revised until no further improvement is possible. |
| Publication Title | Memoirs of the Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University |
| Published Date | 1998-11-30 |
| Volume | volume33 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 59 |
| End Page | 64 |
| ISSN | 0475-0071 |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120002308989 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/19616 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | Mem_Fac_Eng_OU_33_1_53.pdf |
| Author | Li Sen| Osaki, Hirokazu| Kajihara, Yasuhiro| Munesawa, Yosiomi| |
| Abstract | A method for designing a monitoring system with multiple cameras is proposed in order to supervise and recognize the progress of wide work area. First, a wide view camera is deveeloped by combining several usual cameras so that its visual angle could cover more than π/2. Secondly, A method for determining the number and location points of cameras is proposed by considering the shape of monitored area and the installation cost of cameras. The monitored area is divided into three kinds of basic shape (rectangular form, L form and convex form). For every basic shape area, the camera is located at the vertex pasition, so that the whole area can be monitored by the camera. |
| Publication Title | Memoirs of the Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University |
| Published Date | 1998-11-30 |
| Volume | volume33 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 53 |
| End Page | 57 |
| ISSN | 0475-0071 |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120002309122 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/19615 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | Mem_Fac_Eng_OU_33_1_47.pdf |
| Author | Jindai, Mitsuru| Osaki, Hirokazu| Kajihara, Yasuhiro| Munesawa, Yosiomi| |
| Abstract | In this paper, we propose the recognition methods by image processing using 2D or 3D CAD. In the case of 2D CAD, an object is recognized by comparing five characters calculated from the center of gravity and contour. In the case of 3D CAD, there are two recognition methods. Firstly 3D CAD figure is transformed into 2D CAD figures. And an object is recognized by comparing 2D CAD figures with inputted images. Secondly the three dimensional coordinates of vertexes on an object are calculated from the images taken from some cameras and compared 3D coordinates with those of 3D CAD figures and recognized the sort of an object. |
| Publication Title | Memoirs of the Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University |
| Published Date | 1998-11-30 |
| Volume | volume33 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 47 |
| End Page | 52 |
| ISSN | 0475-0071 |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120002309202 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/19612 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | Mem_Fac_Eng_OU_33_1_39.pdf |
| Author | Munesawa, Yoshiomi| Osaki, Hirokazu| Kajihara, Yasuhiro| |
| Abstract | In this paper, we propose a recognition index to evaluate the complexity of discrimination among parts and units. The parts and units are classified into some groups (the number of groups is shown as n) by one characteristic, such as color, shape, size and so on. The recognition index of each is denoted as log(2) (n+1) by the information quantity formula. The recognition diagram shows the classfication of parts and units into only one part and unit by the structure of a characteristic. Further we propose the line balancing method for assembly line based on the working time and recognition index. |
| Publication Title | Memoirs of the Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University |
| Published Date | 1998-11-30 |
| Volume | volume33 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 39 |
| End Page | 45 |
| ISSN | 0475-0071 |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120002309042 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/19610 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | Mem_Fac_Eng_OU_33_1_31.pdf |
| Author | Iwamoto Hidehisa| Osaki, Hirokazu| Kajihara, Yasuhiro| Munesawa, Yoshiomi| Hashimoto Atsufumi| Seki, Shuji| |
| Abstract | The nurse supporting robot system to prepare and hand surgical instruments to a surgeon is proposed to reduce work of nurse in a surgical operation. In this paper, the surgical instrument recognition system (SIRS) is developed to hand the surgical instruments to a surgeon by the robot. The characteristics ot the instruments are area of the instruments, ratio of minimum center-contour distance to maximum one and its outline contour, are recognized by using the image processing. Kinds of the instruments are distinguished by these characteristics. |
| Publication Title | Memoirs of the Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University |
| Published Date | 1998-11-30 |
| Volume | volume33 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 31 |
| End Page | 37 |
| ISSN | 0475-0071 |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120002309084 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/19608 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | Mem_Fac_Eng_OU_33_1_19.pdf |
| Author | Washio, Seiichi| Takahashi, Satoshi| Imoto, Chikashi| Yoshida, Atsumasa| |
| Abstract | The present paper deals with measurements of the diffusion coefficients as well as the saturated solubilities of single component gases such as N(2), O(2) and CO(2) to a mineral oil. The method to determine the diffusivity is based upon measuring the pressure changes caused by the one-dimensional diffusion between the gas and the oil enclosed in an airtight container. For N(2) and O(2) the profiles of the measured pressure changes agree well with those predicted by diffusion theory, whereas that is not the case with CO(2). Although the reason why CO(2) does not seem to obey diffusion theory has yet to be studied, it may suggest the possibility that the diffusion coefficient varies with the pressure, considering that the range of pressure change in the diffusivity measurement was much obtained by this method fell within ±30% around the average. Moreover the solubility measurements have made clear that Henry's law holds true between the three pure gases and the oils tested, and that O(2) and CO(2) dissolve into the oil approximately two and ten times more, respectively, than N(2). |
| Publication Title | Memoirs of the Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University |
| Published Date | 1998-11-30 |
| Volume | volume33 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 19 |
| End Page | 30 |
| ISSN | 0475-0071 |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120002309030 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/19606 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | Mem_Fac_Eng_OU_33_1_5.pdf |
| Author | Abe, Takeji| Namikoshi Ryuji| Nagayama Noriyuki| Takano Yasuju| |
| Abstract | The influence of the slip between the inclusion and the matrix during the plastic deformation of inhomogeneous material with elliptic inclusions is investigated. The material is assumed to be rigid-plastic. The boundary slip region is modeled by assuming lower yield stress for the thin boundary region than those of the inclusion and the matrix. The rigid-plastic finite element method is used for the numerical calculation under the plane strain condition. The effects of the aspect ratio of the inclusion, the yield stress of the boundary region, and the volume fraction of the inclusion on the deformation mode are studied. The patterns of the strain concentration and the averaged flow stress of the inhomogeneous material are also discussed. The results may be helpful for understanding creep or superplastic deformation of metals with inclusions. |
| Keywords | Plasticity Composite Material Sliding Inclusions Rigid-Plastic Deformation Finite Element Method |
| Publication Title | Memoirs of the Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University |
| Published Date | 1998-11-30 |
| Volume | volume33 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 5 |
| End Page | 17 |
| ISSN | 0475-0071 |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120002309204 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/19604 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | Mem_Fac_Eng_OU_33_1_1.pdf |
| Author | Sakakibara, Akira| Kanadani, Teruto| |
| Abstract | Aging of diolute Al-Ag alloys after quenching from low temperatures were studied mainly by electrical resistometry. Maximum resistivity observed in the aging curve of specimens quenched from high temeperature disappeared when the quenching temperature was lowered to 473 or 453K. When the quenching temperature was lowered further to 423K or lower, however, maximum resistivity reappeared. At the temperature lower than or equal to 423K but higher than the GP zone solvus, the alloys were not homogeneous but had clusters of solute atoms or fluctuation of solute concentration. Inhomogeneous distribution of solute atoms may affect the aging behavior after quenching from that temperature. |
| Publication Title | Memoirs of the Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University |
| Published Date | 1998-11-30 |
| Volume | volume33 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 1 |
| End Page | 4 |
| ISSN | 0475-0071 |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120002309092 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/19603 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | Mem_Fac_Eng_OU_31_2_67.pdf |
| Author | Li Zhenzi| Osaki, Hirokazu| Kajihara, Yasuhiro| |
| Abstract | In this paper, we propose the price determination method using the parameter of the price elasticity that shows the relation between price and demand. Firstly, the state of the price elasticity is examined under the condition that the relation between price and demand are assumed by the inverse proportional function, the linear function and the quadratic function. Secondly, the profit is estimated for each product by break even point analysis. And the price is determined under the condition that the relation between the demand and price is shown by one of three demand-pridce functions above mentioned. |
| Publication Title | Memoirs of the Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University |
| Published Date | 1997-03-28 |
| Volume | volume31 |
| Issue | issue2 |
| Start Page | 67 |
| End Page | 72 |
| ISSN | 0475-0071 |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120002309056 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/19601 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | Mem_Fac_Eng_OU_31_2_61.pdf |
| Author | Yamada Mitsuru| Osaki, Hirokazu| |
| Abstract | At present, the two dimensional CAD systems which are used to make drawings go around widely. But in order to use design data at the lower stream of production process, the replacement from the two dimensional CAD systems to the three dimensional CAD systems have started. Accordingly it is dimensional drawings for the three dimensional shapes. And it is also necessary to store them in the three dimensional CAD systems. And in the studying of the machine vision which is often used as "Eyes of robot" , it is being studied the method to recognize the three dimensional objects from the two dimensional image. This is the problem about data exchange, too. Therefore in this report, we propose the method to exchange the plural two dimensional elements of figure from image relations between elements were found from reference of the element coordinates. Next, the three dimensional shapes were reasoned from reference of the knowledge (for corner, etc) prepared beforehand. Then that data were exchanged to the three dimensional CAD data. We report one example about this method. |
| Publication Title | Memoirs of the Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University |
| Published Date | 1997-03-28 |
| Volume | volume31 |
| Issue | issue2 |
| Start Page | 61 |
| End Page | 65 |
| ISSN | 0475-0071 |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120002309050 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/19599 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | Mem_Fac_Eng_OU_31_2_53.pdf |
| Author | Fujihara Yutaka| Osaki, Hirokazu| |
| Abstract | This paper presents a method using simulated annealing(SA) and genetic algorithm(GA) to solve the plant layout problem in which the layout is evaluated by material handling cost and maintainability. In the former study about facility layout problem, it was either the minimization of the objeective function consisting of transport cost or the maximization of the objective function consisting of closeness rating. In this paper, both transport cost and maintainability were included in the objective function to be minimized. The plant layout problem, this paper proposes the heuristic procedures to obtain a suboptimal layout solution by combining SA with GA. From the simulation by computer, it concluded that the method which SA is combined with GA is more efficient than the method which utilizes SA and GA independently. |
| Publication Title | Memoirs of the Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University |
| Published Date | 1997-03-28 |
| Volume | volume31 |
| Issue | issue2 |
| Start Page | 53 |
| End Page | 60 |
| ISSN | 0475-0071 |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120002309131 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/19596 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | Mem_Fac_Eng_OU_31_2_45.pdf |
| Author | Osaka, Akiyoshi| Kobayashi Keizo| Hayakawa, Satoshi| Ohtsuki, Chikara| |
| Abstract | The thermal expansion coefficient of some bioactive glasses in the system CaO-SiO(2)-B(2)O(3) were adjusted to be similar to that of titanium by controlling the composition. A glass of composition 45CaO･30SiO(2)･25B(2)O(3) was selected among those as the enameling glass. A slurry was prepared by mixing the glass powder and ethanal to be developed on titanium and heated at 740℃ for 30 min. Thus treated specimen was soaked in a simulated body fluid (Kokubo solutiion). FT-IR reflection and thin film X-ray diffraction analyses indicated apatite formation on the glass coating layer within 12 h of soaking in the fluid. Thus titanium could be provided with bioactivity due to the enameling. |
| Publication Title | Memoirs of the Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University |
| Published Date | 1997-03-28 |
| Volume | volume31 |
| Issue | issue2 |
| Start Page | 45 |
| End Page | 51 |
| ISSN | 0475-0071 |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120002309181 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/19594 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | Mem_Fac_Eng_OU_31_2_39.pdf |
| Author | Imayoshi Naoki| Hayakawa, Satoshi| Ohtsuki, Chikara| Osaka, Akiyoshi| |
| Abstract | Nb(2)O(5)-and Ta(2)O(5)-doped calcium si1icate glasses were soaked for various periods in a simulated body fluid(Kokubo solution) up to 30 days. Apatite formation ability of the surface of these glasses were investigated with thin-film X-ray diffraction and FT-IR reflection spectroscopy. The effects of these additive oxides on the bioactivity of CaO･SiO(2) based glass were discussed. A small amount of Nb(2)O(5) and Ta(2)O(5) suppressed the rate of silica hydrogel layer formation and the apatite formation on the surface of the glasses. The rate of the apatite nucleation on the surface of Nb(2)O(5)-doped calcium silicate glass was slower than that on the surface of Ta(2)O(5)-doped calcium silicate glass. It was concluded that the decrease in the apatite forming ability of calcium silicate glasses by these additive oxides is attributed to the suppression of formation of silica hydrogel layer which plays an important role in apatite nucleation. |
| Publication Title | Memoirs of the Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University |
| Published Date | 1997-03-28 |
| Volume | volume31 |
| Issue | issue2 |
| Start Page | 39 |
| End Page | 44 |
| ISSN | 0475-0071 |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120002309151 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/19592 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | Mem_Fac_Eng_OU_31_2_29.pdf |
| Author | Oka, Hisao| Ohshima, Masakazu| |
| Abstract | Knee replacement arthroplasty is indicated for the patient with advanced knee pain, knee deformation, and knee functional disorder. The aim of this study was to estimate loosening after a knee replacement arthroplasty. Loosening is measured by a frequency response function, and mobility by random vibration. The modal parameters for the knee joint are obtained by applying a modal analysis to the frequency response function. The values decrease as the knee joint prosthesis loosened. These parameters serve as an index for the condition between a thighbone and the prosthesis. The various indexes will greatly clarify the stage of advance in the loosening of knee-joint prostheses. |
| Publication Title | Memoirs of the Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University |
| Published Date | 1997-03-28 |
| Volume | volume31 |
| Issue | issue2 |
| Start Page | 29 |
| End Page | 37 |
| ISSN | 0475-0071 |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120002309172 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/19591 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | Mem_Fac_Eng_OU_31_2_21.pdf |
| Author | Oka, Hisao| Nakamura, Takahiko| |
| Abstract | In evaluating the stiffness of skin surface, internal structures such as bone and muscle often affect the measurements. In the present paper, acoustic random vibration is used to estimated the viscoelasticity of a silicone-gel model. This viscoelasticity, which includes two different stiffness strata, is first estimated using a mechanical impedance spectrum, which describes the relation between the depth and viscoelasticity of internal objects. This method is applied to the depth of a silicone-gel tumor model measured by ultrasound imaging and the viscoelasticity of internal gel can be accurately estimated. |
| Publication Title | Memoirs of the Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University |
| Published Date | 1997-03-28 |
| Volume | volume31 |
| Issue | issue2 |
| Start Page | 21 |
| End Page | 27 |
| ISSN | 0475-0071 |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120002309105 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/19589 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | Mem_Fac_Eng_OU_31_2_11.pdf |
| Author | Ishii Kouta| Takemoto, Yoshito| Hida, Moritaka| |
| Abstract | Fine particles of Ti-V alloy were prepared by means of arc method and were investigated on internal structure and phase transformation using HR-TEM and EDS. Martensite phase was observed in a particle containing comparatively low concentration of V, and ω phase was also found to exist in a nearly 15% V particle. The structure of the ω phase in the fine particle is remarkably expanded in comparison with the bulk sample, and the ω phase is unstable, so that it has disappeared in a few seconds during TEM observation. |
| Publication Title | Memoirs of the Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University |
| Published Date | 1997-03-28 |
| Volume | volume31 |
| Issue | issue2 |
| Start Page | 11 |
| End Page | 20 |
| ISSN | 0475-0071 |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120002309004 |
