result 13393 件
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/AMO/41321 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | 64_6_359.pdf |
| Author | Yada, Yoshihiko| Sakate, Yoji| Kawamura, Yoshihiro| |
| Abstract | The results of submucosal electrocoagulation (SEC), a new radical operation for prolapsed hemorrhoids, in 403 patients with third- or fourth-degree hemorrhoids are reported. After resecting the anal skin tags that coexisted with prolapsed hemorrhoids, the hemorrhoidal varices could be resected and electrically coagulated through the wound without cutting the anal canal epithelium by using a fine needle-type electric knife. The results of this series indicated that SEC could dramatically reduce the incidence of the postoperative complications that sometimes occur after conventional hemorrhoid-ectomy, such as severe anal pain, massive anal bleeding and anal stenosis. Moreover, SEC could ensure that operated patients make an early return to social activities and have a satisfactory quality of life. Relapse of prolapsed hemorrhoids after SEC was rare. |
| Keywords | submucosal electrocoagulation method (SEC) hemorrhoids hemorrhoidectomy |
| Amo Type | Original Article |
| Publication Title | Acta Medica Okayama |
| Published Date | 2010-12 |
| Volume | volume64 |
| Issue | issue6 |
| Publisher | Okayama University Medical School |
| Start Page | 359 |
| End Page | 365 |
| ISSN | 0386-300X |
| NCID | AA00508441 |
| Content Type | Journal Article |
| language | English |
| Copyright Holders | Okayama University Medical School |
| File Version | publisher |
| Refereed | True |
| PubMed ID | 21173805 |
| Web of Science KeyUT | 000285664200002 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/AMO/41320 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | 64_6_351.pdf |
| Author | Furumatsu, Takayuki| Asahara, Hiroshi| |
| Abstract | Chondrocyte differentiation is the fundamental process in skeletal development. From the mesenchymal condensation of chondroprogenitors to the hypertrophic maturation of chondrocytes, chondrogenesis is sequentially regulated by cross-talk among transcription factors, growth factors, and chromatin structure. The master transcription factor Sry-type HMG box (Sox) 9 has an essential role in the expression of chondrogenic genes through the association with Sox9-binding sites on its target genes. Several transcription factors and coactivators, such as Scleraxis/E47 and p300, cooperatively modulate the Sox9-dependent transcription by interacting with Sox9. The Sox9-related transcriptional apparatus activates its target gene expression through p300-mediated histone acetylation on chromatin. The transforming growth factor (TGF)-β superfamily also plays a key role in chondrocyte differentiation. The TGF-β-regulated Smad3/4 complex activates Sox9-dependent transcription on chromatin by associating with Sox9 itself, and by recruiting p300 onto Sox9. These findings suggest that the epigenetic status including histone modification and chromatin structure, directly influences Sox9-regulated chondrocyte differentiation. In this article, we review the regulators of Sox9 expression itself, modulators of posttranslational Sox9 function, and Sox9-associating factors in the Sox9-dependent epigenetic regulation during chondrogenesis. |
| Keywords | Sox9 TGF-β-Smad3 coactivator p300 scleraxis/E47 chondrogenesis |
| Amo Type | Review |
| Publication Title | Acta Medica Okayama |
| Published Date | 2010-12 |
| Volume | volume64 |
| Issue | issue6 |
| Publisher | Okayama University Medical School |
| Start Page | 351 |
| End Page | 357 |
| ISSN | 0386-300X |
| NCID | AA00508441 |
| Content Type | Journal Article |
| language | English |
| Copyright Holders | Okayama University Medical School |
| File Version | publisher |
| Refereed | True |
| PubMed ID | 21173804 |
| Web of Science KeyUT | 000285664200001 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/40933 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | oer_033_3_019_032.pdf |
| Author | Yokoo, Masanori| |
| Abstract | Paul Krugman (1991) proposed a geographic model in which a country consisting of two regions can endogenously become differentiated into an industrialized "core" and an agricultural "periphery". His model can give rise to multiple equilibria at which manufacturing production is concentrated in one region or divided between the both regions. We introduce to his basically static model a discrete−time adjustment process which leads the workers who earn lower real wage than the average to migrate to the other region which offers them higher real wage. Numerical simulations suggest not only that persistent endogenous fluctuations in manufacturing share are possible but also that discontinuous changes in manufacturing share over time can occur without any changes in the underlying system. Furthermore, the basin of attraction for a concentration steady state turns out to have a complicated structure for high transportaion costs. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 2001-12-10 |
| Volume | volume33 |
| Issue | issue3 |
| Start Page | 19 |
| End Page | 32 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000130109 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/40930 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | oer_033_2_025_034.pdf |
| Author | Nagata, Hiroshi| |
| Abstract | This study investigates the judgments of grammaticality of Japanese and English bitransitive sentences with a differing number of arguments. Japanese speakers exposed to Chomsky’s generative grammar (n = 30) and those not exposed (n = 28) were compared. This exposure was expected to facilitate a sentence− oriented judgment strategy that would direct speakers towards decreasing the grammaticality of the Japanese sentences lacking one or more arguments. Findings showed no effect in the judgments of Japanese sentences. However, in the judgments of the English sentences speakers exposed to generative grammar approximated to those made by native speakers of English. It was suggested that the exposure to generative grammar facilitated the sentence−oriented strategy in the judgments of English sentences, but it was not so effective as to weaken a discourse−oriented strategy used by Japanese speakers when they judged Japanese sentences. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 2001-09-10 |
| Volume | volume33 |
| Issue | issue2 |
| Start Page | 25 |
| End Page | 34 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000130107 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/40928 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | oer_033_2_001_009.pdf |
| Author | Puzari, Rekha Rani Sarma| Mazane, Kazumi| |
| Abstract | In this paper an attempt is being made to evaluate and elucidate the role of the women of Assam in the freedom struggle of India. The year 1920 had witnessed the outbreak of the great nationalist movement in India under the leadership of Mohan Das Karamchand Gandhi to make India free from the British bondage. Assam’s contribution to the struggle of Independence as one of its provinces was not in any way less than the rest of the country. Along with the men, the women of Assam also responded to each and every phases of the freedom movement launched by Gandhiji, namely, the Non−Cooperation Movement (1920 / 21), Civil Disobedience Movement (1930) and the Quit India Movement (1942). They participated in the movement by organizing processions and picketings and undertaking tours to the remotest areas to propagate the message of the movement. They whole−heartedly undertook Gandhiji’s constructive programs like spinning and weaving in large scale along with the task of removal of untouchability and popularization of Hindi as a national language. That is why the glory of the Civil Disobedience Movement in Assam is attributed to the women. In 1942, the Assamese women perhaps surpassed all other women of the country in respect of courage and sacrifice. During this period they participated in the movement both on non−violent Gandhian way and the revolutionary way. The revolutionary group of women helped their male counterparts in cutting telephone and telegraph lines, burning government buildings and damaging bridges to paralyze the British administration. Such activities led the government to take repressive measures to suppress the women folk. They were harassed both mentally and physically, which in turn aroused the common people to fight for the noble cause of freedom. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 2001-09-10 |
| Volume | volume33 |
| Issue | issue2 |
| Start Page | 1 |
| End Page | 9 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000130106 |
| Author | Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences Okayama University| |
|---|---|
| Published Date | 2010-11-24 |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学大学院社会文化科学研究科紀要 |
| Volume | volume30 |
| Content Type | Others |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/40878 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | hss_030_121_135.pdf |
| Author | Xuan, Chao| |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学大学院社会文化科学研究科紀要 |
| Published Date | 2010-11-24 |
| Volume | volume30 |
| Start Page | 121 |
| End Page | 135 |
| ISSN | 1881-1671 |
| language | English |
| Copyright Holders | 岡山大学大学院社会文化科学研究科 |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120002674400 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/40872 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | hss_030_027_037.pdf |
| Author | Yoshioka, Fumio| |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学大学院社会文化科学研究科紀要 |
| Published Date | 2010-11-24 |
| Volume | volume30 |
| Start Page | 27 |
| End Page | 37 |
| ISSN | 1881-1671 |
| language | English |
| Copyright Holders | 岡山大学大学院社会文化科学研究科 |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120002674393 |
| Author | Otani, Toru| |
|---|---|
| Published Date | 1989-06 |
| Publication Title | 岡山医学会雑誌 |
| Volume | volume101 |
| Issue | issue5-6 |
| Content Type | Journal Article |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/40608 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | oer_033_1_001_013.pdf |
| Author | Puzari, Rekha Rani Sarma| Mazane, Kazumi| |
| Abstract | This paper unfolds the saga of the nationalist upsurge and the germination of the left wings within the National Congress of India during the first Non−Cooperation Movement. As a background to our present study we can say that India was not a single country at the time of entry of the British to India. It was divided into many separate kingdoms and the vast portion of it was ruled by the Mughals. Taking advantage of the weakness of the Mughal emperors the British entered the country and established their trade monopoly and gradually established their rule in India. Riding on the back of the British rule modern ideas peeped into India from the west. It resulted in the growth of nationalist ideas among the newly educated Indians and opened their eyes to the evils of the British rule, which instigated them to fight against the aliens. The first form of this type of resistance was the revolt of 1857. The British suppressed the revolt no doubt but it was the first struggle of the people of India for their independence. The National Congress was established in 1885 which could be termed as the first all India political organization. The tragedy of Jalliwanala Bagh and the publication of the Turkish peace terms brought Mohan Das Karam Chand Gandhi to the Indian political scene. He took the Khilafat issue as an instrument to create an anti−British sentiment among the Indian people and thereby started the first non−cooperation movement in India. Gandhiji gave the call for launching the non−cooperation movement on August 1, 1920 in the form of satyagraha means non−violence and truthfulness. The mass awakening in all over India compelled the British Government to take repressive mearures. Though the non−violence was the main principle of Gandhiji’s mass civil disobedience movement a violence took place in Chauri−Chaura in the United Province and Gandhiji suspended the movenment. It disappointed a young nationalist group including Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru and Subhas Chandra Bose who wanted to give the movement a radical colour owing to the influence of scientific socialism of Marx. As a result a new group was formed within the Congress termed as Left Wings. The ideologies of the two groups were different. When the Right Wing of the Congress led by Gandhiji demanded dominion status for the country the Left Wing stood for complete independence. Gradually the Left Wing divided into two groups : Communist Party of India (CPI) and the Congress Socialist Party (CSP) with the same objective of complete independence under the banner of the National Congress. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 2001-06-10 |
| Volume | volume33 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 1 |
| End Page | 13 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000130083 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/40606 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | oer_034_4_007_023.pdf |
| Author | Hirano, Masaki| |
| Abstract | This thesis will examine the economic and financial environment of the previous and current financial aggravation terms through macroeconomic data, namely, balance of saving and investment classified by institutional sectors in system of national accounts. It will also consider how far the concept of the burden of the public debt is applicable to Japanese actual economy. As long as measured by ex−post macroeconomic data, system of national accounts, though, there are a lot of possibilities of evaluating the burden and it cannot be exactly said which evaluation such as neutrality theorem is both realistic and appropriate. However, the current financial aggravation term, compared with the previous term, seems to cope insufficiently with household financial deficit as far as mutual action about saving between each institutional sector is concerned. Although there is no need to say that further empirical analyses are essential, this includes important suggestions for examining the problems involved in the burden of the public debt. Firstly, incorporated business benefit trend in this prolonged period of economic slump is a critical factor. Secondly, taxation system and political and economic structure have more and more impact on household saving. Thirdly, it has become essential to show specific ways to fiscal reconstruction with social security−related expenditure at its core, in order for household to adapt rationally to fiscal deficit. Therefore, it will be more crucial in further empirical analyses on the burden of the public debt to take into consideration these three points : benefit trend of incorporate business, political and economic structure, and policy operation such as public finance correction. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 2003-03-10 |
| Volume | volume34 |
| Issue | issue4 |
| Start Page | 7 |
| End Page | 23 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120002647284 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/40601 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | oer_034_3_019_042.pdf |
| Author | Carvalho, Pedro Miguel Raposo de Medeiros| |
| Abstract | This paper investigates the Japanese direct investment in Portugal overseas territories (or Provinces) and in its mainland. It shows the impact of Portugal’s integration into the European Economic Community that after the 1980s has contributed to the boost of the Japanese direct investment in Portugal. In addition, this paper explains the effects of Japanese FDI in Portugal through the affiliates regional sitting and typology in Portugal. Finally, it takes into account the relationship between trade and foreign direct investments of the main Japanese trade affiliate companies amongst the 100 biggest export and import companies established in Portugal in 1998 and 1999. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 2002-12-10 |
| Volume | volume34 |
| Issue | issue3 |
| Start Page | 19 |
| End Page | 42 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000130149 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/40600 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | oer_034_3_001_018.pdf |
| Author | Haruna, Shoji| |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 2002-12-10 |
| Volume | volume34 |
| Issue | issue3 |
| Start Page | 1 |
| End Page | 18 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000130148 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/40595 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | oer_034_1_049_055.pdf |
| Author | Hirota, Yoko| |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 2002-06-10 |
| Volume | volume34 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 49 |
| End Page | 55 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000130123 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/40592 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | oer_035_4_051_063.pdf |
| Author | Kurokawa, Katsutoshi| |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 2004-03-10 |
| Volume | volume35 |
| Issue | issue4 |
| Start Page | 51 |
| End Page | 63 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120002647270 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/40590 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | oer_035_4_001_025.pdf |
| Author | Haruna, Shoji| |
| Abstract | This paper considers whether firms have incentives to disclose their R&D information to their rivals in Cournot−quantity setting and Bertrand−price setting models. Furthermore, we compare market performances, e.g. R&D investments, prices and profits, in these models. It is shown that whether they have such incentives depends only on the signs of cross−price effects in demand functions, irrespective of the type of competition, e.g. Cournot or Bertrand competition. When making comparisons of them among four modes, we find that the formation of R&D cartels tends to increase the expenditure of R&D investment and then gains more profits. Alternatively, we point out that quantity−setting firms gain more profits in the presence of R&D cooperation than in the absence of it when products are substitutes in terms of Cournot competition. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 2004-03-10 |
| Volume | volume35 |
| Issue | issue4 |
| Start Page | 1 |
| End Page | 25 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120002647268 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/40583 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | The Student Exchange Programme between Okayama University and the University of Edinburgh : Sending Students Abroad |
| FullText URL | oer_035_1_019_034.pdf |
| Author | Hirota, Yoko| Oka, Masumi| |
| Abstract | In February 1991, the Faculty of Economics, Okayama University entered into an agreement with the Faculties of Arts and Social Sciences, the University of Edinburgh, to promote student exchange and academic co−operation. In this paper, we mainly focus on the procedure for sending students on this exchange programme. As it was the first exchange programme that the Faculty of Economics was engaged in, the teaching staff involved had to face problems one after another until the programme got off the ground. The insufficient English language proficiency of the students was always one of the majour concerns. However, spending one academic year abroad broadened students’ outlook remarkably and almost all of them came back to Okayama satisfied with their experiences in Edinburgh. Until 2000 when a faculty−to−faculty agreement promoted to a university−to−university one, as many as 23 students of the Faculty of Economics had been sent to Edinburgh. The programme can be said to have achieved satisfactory results to some extent. So it is worth while examining this experience gained during the past ten years in 1990’s in order to use it for enhancing internationalisation at the Faculty of Economics for the future. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 2003-06-10 |
| Volume | volume35 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 19 |
| End Page | 34 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120002647260 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/40582 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | oer_035_1_001_017.pdf |
| Author | Takemura, Shosuke| |
| Abstract | It’s time to think over the appropriateness for the present and the prospects of economics. That work should be full of sufferings. In this paper I’ll focus the coordinating power among the sections inside the firm. There are the two kinds of behavior between workers and employers, cooperative and hostile. These behaviors are implemented under the pressure of situations I called rivalry. They are utilized for deciding the level of transaction cost. The cost decides also the internal price and the section’s advantage issuing from its own suitable negotiation, basing on the size of R & D. The activity process of decision-making of an organization is indispensable for the analysis and the boundary of the various internal organization. The internal economic analysis covers the important theory and the empirical knowledge of some hierarchical relations between members inside the firm, that is, employer as a principal and worker as an agent. 'Inside Transactions of the Firm' looks like to be so attractive. The last section-the coordinating mechanism and rivalry-includes the great ideas. People try to do the best for themselves, when things turn out badly for the all. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 2003-06-10 |
| Volume | volume35 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 1 |
| End Page | 17 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120002647261 |
| Author | Graduate School of Education, Okayama University| |
|---|---|
| Published Date | 2010-10-25 |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学大学院教育学研究科研究集録 |
| Volume | volume145 |
| Content Type | Others |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/bgeou/40573 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | bgeou_145_039_046.pdf |
| Author | Gardner, Scott| |
| Abstract | The linguistic concept of register, while not yet defined to the satisfaction of all, is nevertheless a fairly well used one in describing speakers' shifts in language according to situational nonns or constraints. Inappropriateness of register for context is usually seen as a sociolinguistic or pragmatic error. But in some cases it is done intentionally and creatively, such as in several cases of register-shifting humor in the TV series Monty Python's Flying Circus. This paper gives several examples of humorous register shifting in Monty Python, and analyzes how the shifting has its effect. |
| Keywords | register Monty Python humor jokes linguistics |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学大学院教育学研究科研究集録 |
| Published Date | 2010-10-25 |
| Volume | volume145 |
| Start Page | 39 |
| End Page | 46 |
| ISSN | 1883-2423 |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120002615239 |
