result 18185 件
| Title Alternative | Measurements of Response of Barley and Wheat to Enviromental Factors with an Open System Porometer |
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| FullText URL | 005_001_011_021.pdf |
| Author | Maitani, Toshihiko| Kashiwagi, Yoshiaki| |
| Abstract | The rates of photosynthesis and transpiration were measured in barley and wheat under various environmental conditions, with an open system porometer. The rates of photosynthesis and transpiration in the horizontal leaf and vertical leaf had different diurnal variations. The rate of photosynthesis in the vertical leaf was highest in the morning and in the afternoon, while that in the horizontal leaf was highest before noon. The rates of photosynthesis and transpiration and chlorophyll contents were measured for two species(c.v SARI and Akanmugi) of barley grown in submerged soil conditions. At the end of April, chlorophyll contents had decreased and the maintenance respiration acquired in spite of continuous transpiration. The rapid change of photosynthetically active radiation did not affect the rates of photosynthesis or stomatal conductance of SARI grown in submerged soil. The rates of photosynthesis and transpiration and chlorophyll contents were measured for two species(c.v. Hongmangmai and Haruhikari) of wheat grown under different soil water conditions. Chlorophyll content tended to increase in dry soil conditions. Hongmangmai had a higher chlorophyll content than Haruhikari, even at the beginning of May. Hongmangmai had large photosynthetic rate and small transpiration rates under dry soil conditions. These confirm that Hongmangmai has a prominent drought stress tolerance. The open system porometer and the chlorophyll meter may be very useful for comparing physiological characteristics of the plant's response to environmental factors and clarifying differences between plant species. |
| Keywords | Barley Hongmangmai Photosynthesis rate Chlorophyll content Submerged soil Dry soil |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学資源生物科学研究所報告 |
| Published Date | 1997 |
| Volume | volume5 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 11 |
| End Page | 21 |
| ISSN | 0916-930X |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| Title Alternative | ライムギ小型染色体を保持する普通系コムギからのライムギ型cDNAのディファレンシャルスクリーニング |
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| FullText URL | 006_001_053_064.pdf |
| Author | Murata, Minoru| |
| Abstract | Occurrence of the midget chromosome in a common wheat with rye cytoplasm [(cereale)-Chinese Spring (CS)] indicates that the chromosome carries the essential gene(s) for maintaining the function of rye cytoplasm. To elucidate the interaction between the midget chromosome and rye cytoplasm, in this study, an attempt was made to isolate rye-type cDNAs from a cDNA library of (cereale)-CS by differential screening. Two replica filters from each plate were hybridized with digoxigenin (DIG)-labeled wheat CS cDNAs and with DIG-labeled rye cDNAs,respectively. Out of ca. 20,000 plaques, 27 were hybridized more strongly with rye cDNAs than with CS cDNAs. These clones were classified into six classes (Ⅰ-Ⅵ) by blot hybridization. The majority of the clones (21 out of 27) was belonged to the same class (1), showing rye-type RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism). The DNA sequence of clone CrClA in class Ⅰ, was very similar to that of wheat ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase,large subnit gene, rbcL(94.5% homology). However, the 3' end of CrClA was shorter than that of wheat rbcL, and terminated at TAA instead of TAG, like the rbcL of Aegilops crassa. In the clone CrC5.4, the first half of the sequence was similar to that of one rice EST clone, the functions of which are not known, and the latter was similar to the reverse sequence of maize 4.5S-23S ribosomal RNA. This suggests that CrC5.4 had been derived from two defferent cDNAs of (cereale)-CS. Three other clones had homology to the chlorophyll a/b binding protein genes (cab) of wheat, maize and tomato, and one to wheat rbcS (ribulose1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase small subnit gene). However, no clear polymorphisms were detected between wheat and rye by using those clones as probes. |
| Keywords | Cytoplasm substitution line Differential screening Midget chromosome Rye Wheat |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学資源生物科学研究所報告 |
| Published Date | 1999 |
| Volume | volume6 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 53 |
| End Page | 64 |
| ISSN | 0916-930X |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
| Title Alternative | ホウレンソウ種子に存在するα-グルコシダーゼの分子多型変化 |
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| FullText URL | 005_001_001_009.pdf |
| Author | Furui, Satoshi| Sugimoto, Manabu| Suzuki, Yukio| |
| Abstract | Two molecular forms of α-glucosidase were isolated from spinach seeds after storage at 4℃ by CM-cellulose column chromatography and gel filtration. The molecular masses of α-glucosidase A and B were 78 kDa and 82 kDa by SDS-PAGE, and 62 kDa and 70 kDa by gel filtration, respectively. α-Glucosidase A had high activity not only toward maltooligosaccharides but also toward α-glucans. The optimum pH was 4.5-5.5 and about 50% of the activity remained after incubation at 65℃ for 20 min. On the other hand, α-glucosidase B had high activity toward maltooligosaccharides but faint activity toward α-glucans. The optimum pH was 5.0 and no activity was found after incubation at 65℃ for 20 min. The enzymatic and immunological properties of α-glucosidase A and B were similar to those of α-glucosidase. Ⅰor Ⅱ, and α-glucosidase Ⅲ or Ⅳ, isolated from spinach seeds without 4℃ storage, respectively. These findings suggest that the α-glucosidase in spinach seeds is modified to be two molecular forms. |
| Keywords | Spinach α-Glucosidase Multiple molecular forms |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学資源生物科学研究所報告 |
| Published Date | 1997 |
| Volume | volume5 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 1 |
| End Page | 9 |
| ISSN | 0916-930X |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
| Title Alternative | エビネから分離されたインゲンマメ黄斑モザイクウイルスの諸性質 |
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| FullText URL | 006_001_043_051.pdf |
| Author | Matsumoto, Jun-Ichi| Maeda, Takanori| Inouye, Narinobu| |
| Abstract | Bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV) was isolated from Calanthe sp.showing mild chlorosis on the leaves, collected in Yamaguchi Prefecture in Japan. The virus was transmitted by the aphid Myzus persicae in a non-persistent manner, and by sap-inoculation to 29 out of 46 plant species from 9 out of 12 families tested. Stability in crude sap, morphology of virus particles, shape of cylidrical inclusions and the presence of cytoplasmic crystalline inclusions in the infected cells were similar to those of BYMV isolates previously reported. The virus contained a single protein species with a molecular weight of 35,000. In a microprecipition test and double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA), the virus showed a close serological relationship to isolates of BYMV from both crocus and gladiolus, and showed a distant relationship to clover yellow vein virus. Three BYMV isolates used in this study were found to be serologically related to each other, but the virus was more closely related to the BYMV crocus isolate than to gladiolus isolate. |
| Keywords | Calanthe sp. bean yellow mosaic virus clover yellow vein virus serological relationship |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学資源生物科学研究所報告 |
| Published Date | 1999 |
| Volume | volume6 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 43 |
| End Page | 51 |
| ISSN | 0916-930X |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
| Title Alternative | Varietal Variation and Mechanism of Hull-cracked Grains in Two-rowed Barley |
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| FullText URL | 004_001_089_096.pdf |
| Author | Kanatani, Ryoichi| Takeda, Kazuyoshi| |
| Abstract | Hull-cracked grain which causes low germinability and low malt extract has been observed in malting barley varieties mainly in the western part of Japan. In the first part of this study, more than 600 two-rowed barley varieties were examined for the percentage of hull-cracked grains. A markedly skewed frequency distribution pattern was observed for varietal variation of hull-cracked grain percentage. More than 80% of the varieties developed less than 5% hull-cracked grains, while a few of the varieties frequently developed the hull-cracked grains. The maximum hull-cracked grain percentage was as high as 61% in Yoshikei 16. Improved varieties developed hull-cracked grains more frequently than the local varieties, indicating varietal improvement indirectly caused the hull-cracked grains. In the second part, nine two-rowed varieties were grown in eight different conditions to analyze the mechanism of hull-cracking. Variances due to varieties, environment and their interaction were all statistically significant. Some of the varieties developed almost no hull-cracked grains throughout the environmental conditions examined, while others sharply responded to the environmental conditions. The environmental correlation coefficient between 1,000-kernel weight and hull-cracked grains was as high as 0.918, indicating that hull-cracked grains had developed under favorable ripening conditions. |
| Keywords | Barley Varietal varietal Hull-crached grain Ripening |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学資源生物科学研究所報告 |
| Published Date | 1996 |
| Volume | volume4 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 89 |
| End Page | 96 |
| ISSN | 0916-930X |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| Title Alternative | The Characteristics of Trace Metal Distribution of Artificial and Natural-Origin Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) by grain size |
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| FullText URL | 006_001_029_041.pdf |
| Author | Muramoto, Shigeki| Maitani, Toshihiko| Hiraoka, Naoko| Aoyama, Isao| |
| Abstract | Air pollution caused by suspended particulate matter (SPM) has increased remarkedly in industrial areas, and this has become an emergency issue in the global environment. Atomospheric SPM influences the local ecosystem including various plants and animals. It is necessary to examine the distribution characteristics of such trace metals in fine particulates (especially those with a diameter (φ) of less than 2.1μm). The Environment Agency of the Japanese goverment will complete analysis of the a concentration of suspended particulate matter less than 2.4μm by the end of 1999, and will be examining the relationship between the concentration of suspended particulate matter (0.1-9.0μm) with consideration given to the particle size throughout two years. It became clear that the metals of artificial origin such as Pb, V, Cd, Ni, Cr, existed in fine particulates (0.1 or more 2.0μm). By contrast, the metals of natural origin, such as Ti, Mn, Mg, Sr, mainly existed in coarse Area in Japan. |
| Keywords | Atomospheric Suspended particulate matter (SPM) Natural-origin metal Artificial-origin metal Biological effects |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学資源生物科学研究所報告 |
| Published Date | 1999 |
| Volume | volume6 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 29 |
| End Page | 41 |
| ISSN | 0916-930X |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| Title Alternative | QTL Mapping for Water Sensitivity in Barley Seeds |
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| FullText URL | 006_001_021_028.pdf |
| Author | Iwasa, Tomohiko| Takahashi, Hidekazu| Takeda, Kazuyoshi| |
| Abstract | Sensitivity to water condition during germination is an important character in malting barley because it affects malt poduction. Water sensitivity in malting barley is defined as the defference in germination percentage between the seeds in standard and excess-water conditions. Usually standard and excess-water condition means 4 and 8 ml water in a 90 mm perti dish, respectively. Takeda and Fukuyama (1983) examined more than 4,000 barley accessions and found 0～100% water sensitivity. This means complete to no suppression of germination by an excess-water condition. In this study, quantiative trait loci (QTL) analysis was applied to analize the inheritance of water sensitivity. Two sets of doubled haploid (DH) populations derived from Steptoe×Morex (S/M) and Harrington×TR306 (H/T) crosses,were grown in the experiment field of the Research Institute for Bioresources, Okayama University. Bulbosum method was adapted to develop DH lines (Chen and Hayes 1989). Water sensitivities of 150 (S/M) and (H/T) lines and their parents were evaluated using 50 seeds each and the germination test (25℃, 4 days) was repeated four times. Water sensitivity showed a large variation (Fig.1) and the heritability of the trait was 0.78 and 0.72 in S/M and H/T, respectively, indicating that about three-quarters of the phenotypic variance was genetic in origin. Three (S/M) and one (H/T) significant QTL were detected and 23% (S/M) and 25% (H/T) of the phenotypic variance was explained by the QTL. These QTL were located on chromosomes 2H,3H,6H and 7H (Table 1, Fig. 2). QTL relating to germination traits were lacated near the QTL controlling water sensitivity (Fig. 3). Interaction among the QTL was small (Table 2). Marker-assisted selection was effective (Table 3). |
| Keywords | barley water sensitivity QTL analysis |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学資源生物科学研究所報告 |
| Published Date | 1999 |
| Volume | volume6 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 21 |
| End Page | 28 |
| ISSN | 0916-930X |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| Title Alternative | オオムギの組換え型自殖系統、同質遺伝子系統、および倍加半数体系統を用いた発芽時における耐塩性の遺伝解析 |
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| FullText URL | 004_001_079_088.pdf |
| Author | Mano, Yoshiro| Takeda, Kazuyoshi| |
| Abstract | To determine the relationship between morphological markers and salt tolerance at germination in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), a total of 125 recombinant inbred (RI) lines of Russia 6×HES 4, a seriesof 70 isogenic (IG) lines for V/ν gene derived from Russia 6×HES 4, and 145 doubled haploid (DH) lines of Leger×CI 9831 were evaluated for their salt tolerance at germination. Comparison between each set of character pairs revealed that the six-rowed type was significantly more tolerant than the two-rowed type in the RI and IG lines of Russia 6×HES 4, annd the two-rowed type and the short haired rachilla type were significantly more tolerant than the six-rowed type and the long haired rachilla type in the DH lines of Leger×CI 9831. On the other hand, no significant difference was observed in salt tolerance such as the smoothness of awn, ear density, and lemma color, r (awn type), l (ear density), and Re-2 (lemma color) genes inherited independent of gene(s) for salt tolerance at germination. |
| Keywords | Doubled haploid lines Hordeum vulgare Isogenic lines Recombinant inbred lines Salt tolerancce |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学資源生物科学研究所報告 |
| Published Date | 1996 |
| Volume | volume4 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 79 |
| End Page | 88 |
| ISSN | 0916-930X |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
| Title Alternative | オオムギのアブラムシ抵抗性とグラミン：EDTA法による解析 |
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| FullText URL | 004_001_073_078.pdf |
| Author | Yoshida, Hideya| Tsumuki, Hisaaki| Kawada, Kazuo| Kanehisa, Katsuo| |
| Abstract | Young leaves of barley contain a large amount of gramine, which is one of the factors involved in the resistance of barley against aphids. Using stylectomy by laser beam and EDTA-exudate method, we tried to determine if gramine exists in phloem sap which aphids ingest mainly. Phloem sap was not obtained by laser stylectomy using aphids feeding on young leaves. Components of exudates from cut leaves of barley in EDTA solution are known to be very similar to phloem sap. The time course of sucrose and gramine content of EDTA exudates from barley leaves suggested the existence of gramine in phloem sap. |
| Keywords | Barley Resistance to aphids Gramine EDTA Localization |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学資源生物科学研究所報告 |
| Published Date | 1996 |
| Volume | volume4 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 73 |
| End Page | 78 |
| ISSN | 0916-930X |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
| Title Alternative | Influence of climatic factors on "crop situation index" of wheat and barley in Okayama prefecture |
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| FullText URL | 006_001_013_019.pdf |
| Author | Kimura, Kazuyoshi| Tanakamaru, Shigemi| |
| Abstract | The influences of air temperature, precipitation, number of rainy days and sunshine duration on the crop situation index of wheat, six-rowed barley and two-rowed barley in Okayama prefecture were analyzed by using the data for the 30-year-period of 1966-1995. The crop situation index of these three crops showed high negative correlation with the precipitation in April and a positive correlation with sunshine duration in April. Precipitation over 150 mm or lesser sunshine duration under 190 hrs in April seems to reduce the yield of wheat and barley in Okayama. |
| Keywords | Wheat Barley Crop situation index Precipitaion Climatic factor |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学資源生物科学研究所報告 |
| Published Date | 1999 |
| Volume | volume6 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 13 |
| End Page | 19 |
| ISSN | 0916-930X |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| Title Alternative | Oviposition Factors of Ponticulothrips diospyrosi on Persimmon Seedling Leaves |
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| FullText URL | 004_001_067_071.pdf |
| Author | Uchiyama, Keiji| Kawada, Kazuo| Tsumuki, Hisaaki| Kanehisa, Katsuo| |
| Abstract | The thrips Ponticulothrips diospyrosi Haga et Okajima is an univoltine species which aestivates and overwinters in the adult form in the fields. The oviposition factors of the thrips were investigated on persimmon seedling leaves. The adult female could make a gall and oviposit inside it in vitro. Female could make a gall and oviposit at 20℃, but only make a gall at 15℃. Although it could neither make a gall nor oviposit at 25℃, it oviposited at than temperature when placed on a gall. Female neither made a gall nor oviposited on an extended young leat. However, it could oviposit on the young leaf rolled artificially in a line tube (3.2 mm diam.), but not on the old one. These findings show that univoltine of the thrips may be regulated by the phenology of the host plant and females can oviposit whenever they are placed on the seedlings at the optimum oviposition temperature. |
| Keywords | Oviposition factor Thrips Ponticulothrips diospyrosi Gall Persimmon |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学資源生物科学研究所報告 |
| Published Date | 1996 |
| Volume | volume4 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 67 |
| End Page | 71 |
| ISSN | 0916-930X |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| Title Alternative | Estimation of Turbulent Fluxes by Gradient Method with Surface Temperatures of Rice Plant Canopy |
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| FullText URL | 006_001_001_011.pdf |
| Author | Miyashita, Koichi| Maitani, Toshihiko| |
| Abstract | Micrometeorological observations including turbulent fluxes and canopy surface temperatures were made in paddy in the summer of 1997. The sensible and latent heat fluxes were estimated by the gradient method under the assumption of similarity between the turbulent exchange coefficient for momentum and that for heat and water vapor. The surface temperatures measured by a thermal imager and water vapor pressures estimated from surface temperatures and relative humidity were used for temperature and water vapor at the height(d+z0) of U=0, where d is the displacement height, z0 the roughness length and U the mean wind velocity. The sensible and latent heat fluxes estimated by the gradient method depicted typical diurnal varietions. The turbulent fluxes by the present method and eddy correlation method showed fairly good agreement, especially for latent heat fluxes. These results confirmed that this method is a promising one. |
| Keywords | Surface temperature Rice plant canopy Thermal imager Turbulent fluxes |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学資源生物科学研究所報告 |
| Published Date | 1999 |
| Volume | volume6 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 1 |
| End Page | 11 |
| ISSN | 0916-930X |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| Title Alternative | Population Increases of the Green Peach Aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer) and Cotton Aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover |
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| FullText URL | 004_001_059_065.pdf |
| Author | Murai, Tamotsu| Tsumuki, Hisaaki| |
| Abstract | The reproduction of Myzus persicae (Sulz.) on raddish and Aphis gossypii Glover on cucumber was studied at different temperatures. The parameters of population growth in these aphids were calculated by the age-specific fecundities (mx) and survival rate (lx). The net reproductive rate (R0) and intrinsic rate of natural increase (r) of M. persicae were 61.50 and 0.21 at 15℃, and 60.60 and 0.33 at 20℃, respectively. The net reproductive rate (R0) and intrinsic rate of natural increase (r) of A. gossypii were 37.90 and 0.22 at 15℃, 45.70 and 0.32 at 20℃, and 40.60 and 0.42 at 25℃, respectively. |
| Keywords | Population growth Net reproductive rate Intrinsic rate Myzus persicae Aphis gossypii |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学資源生物科学研究所報告 |
| Published Date | 1996 |
| Volume | volume4 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 59 |
| End Page | 65 |
| ISSN | 0916-930X |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| Title Alternative | Studies on Root Fluorescence Mutants in Barley |
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| FullText URL | 005_002_193_202.pdf |
| Author | Takeda, Kazuyoshi| Chang, Cheng Lin| |
| Abstract | Using 10,473 barley accessoins and 16,480 gamma-ray lines, root fluorescence mutants which have been reported in order crops, such as soybean, were screened. No spontaneous mutant was found,but an artificial mutant whose root tips emitted a pink glow under ultraviolet light was obtained by the gamma-ray irradiation. The mutant was controlled by a recessive gene named frp 'fluorescent reaction-pink'. It was poor growth and was lethal. The transmissoin rate of the mutant gene was about 80% of that of the normal allele. Thus the segregation in the heterozygous populations was ca. 4 normal to 1 mutant. The frp gene is located close to gl-3, 'glossy leaf-3' on the 4H chromosome. |
| Keywords | Barley Mutation Fluorescence Linkage analysis |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学資源生物科学研究所報告 |
| Published Date | 1998 |
| Volume | volume5 |
| Issue | issue2 |
| Start Page | 193 |
| End Page | 202 |
| ISSN | 0916-930X |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| Title Alternative | 幼苗期と成熟期のオオムギ系統間における禾穀類アブラムシの密度とグラミン含量の関係 |
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| FullText URL | 004_001_049_058.pdf |
| Author | Moharramipour, Saeid| Murata, Shin-ichi| Kanehisa, Katsuo| Tsumuki, Hisaaki| |
| Abstract | The relationship between the indole alkaloid gramine concentration and aphid population was examined seedling and maturation stages in 14 barley lines of Hordeum spontaneum and H. unlgare. The density of Schizaphis graminum did not differ significantly with the gramine concentration in the seedling in the greenhouse. However, the population of Rhopalosiphum padi sometimes differed with the seedling. The plant resistance to the natural infestation of cereal aphids was obvious at the heading stage. There was a negative correlation between the high population density of aphids and gramine concentration. The gramine concentration was high in matured resistant resistant lines, especially wild lines, as compared with susceptible lines due to higher biodegradation activity. |
| Keywords | Barley Resistance Gramine Cereal aphids |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学資源生物科学研究所報告 |
| Published Date | 1996 |
| Volume | volume4 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 49 |
| End Page | 58 |
| ISSN | 0916-930X |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
| Title Alternative | QTL Analysis for Expressivity of Hull-cracked Grain in Two-rowde Spring Barley |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | 005_002_183_191.pdf |
| Author | Kanatani, Ryouichi| Takahashi, Hidekazu| Takeda, Kazuyoshi| |
| Abstract | The exposure of the caryopsis through lemma and palea is called 'hull-cracked grain', which lowers the germinability and grade of malting barley. To breed new varieties with a low occurence of hull-cracked grains,quantitative trait loci(QTL) analysis was conducted using 146 doubled haploid lincs derived from Harrington × TR306.Interval mapping analysis revealed three significant QTLs on chromosomes 3H,5H and 7H. About 37% of the variation of the expressvity of hull-cracked grains was explained by these three QTLs in a spikelet-thinning condition where 1/4 of the spikelets were thinned at the flowering time. On the contraty the QTL on 5H was silent in normal or non-treated condition and 23% of the variation was determined by the QTLs on 3H and 7H. Some of the QTLs detected here had a pleiotropic effect on the grain size. |
| Keywords | Barley Quality Hull-cracked grain QTL analysis |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学資源生物科学研究所報告 |
| Published Date | 1998 |
| Volume | volume5 |
| Issue | issue2 |
| Start Page | 183 |
| End Page | 191 |
| ISSN | 0916-930X |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| Title Alternative | Relationship between Resistance to Cereal Aphids and Gramine Concentration in Beer Barley |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | 004_001_043_048.pdf |
| Author | Tsumuki, Hisaaki| Kasahara, Toshihiko| Kanehisa, Katsuo| Saeid, Moharramipour| |
| Abstract | To beer barley resistance to cereal aphids, the relationship between the aphid density and gramine concentration was examined in various barley lines including beer barley cultivars. All beer barley cultivars tested were resistant or moderately resistant to the aphids, especially Asahi 5 and Haruna Nijo were similar to a wild line, H603 (W603), for checking resistant. However, these beer barleys contained much less gramine than the wild barley line, suggesting that another resistant factor(s) affects cereal aphid density. |
| Keywords | Beer barley Cereal aphid Resistance Gramine |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学資源生物科学研究所報告 |
| Published Date | 1996 |
| Volume | volume4 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 43 |
| End Page | 48 |
| ISSN | 0916-930X |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| Title Alternative | Vertical Structure of Temperatures of Tree's Leaves and Gate Wall at Rashomon Doline |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | 005_002_169_181.pdf |
| Author | Miyashita, Koichi| Maitani, Toshihiko| |
| Abstract | Temperatures of tree's leaves and gate wall were measured in the summer of 1996 at doline. Diurnal fluctuations of leaf temperatures were greater, the higher the position of leaf in the doline, and they showed maximum temperatures later, the deeper the leaf position. The leaf temperature of trees growing in the first collapse doline was uniform in the horizontal direction and had a stable thermal layer. The difference between leaf temperatures at a depth of 20 m and 11 m was about 12℃ around noon. The leaf temperature was always higher at the upper part than at the lower part of the doline throughout the day. Daily fluctuation of wall temperature was small,compared with that of leaf temperature. The vertical profile of wall temperature was similar to that of leaf temperature. The warm water flowing down from the upper part of the doline influenced the soil temperature in the lower part of the doline. The thermal imagery elucidated the peculiar vertical structure of leaf and wall temperature formed in the summer at Rashomon doline. |
| Keywords | Rashomon Doline Leaf temperature Wall temperature Thermal image |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学資源生物科学研究所報告 |
| Published Date | 1998 |
| Volume | volume5 |
| Issue | issue2 |
| Start Page | 169 |
| End Page | 181 |
| ISSN | 0916-930X |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| Title Alternative | トウモロコシに含まれるDIMBOAとアブラムシ抵抗性の関係 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | 004_001_033_042.pdf |
| Author | Rustamaki, Maqsood A| Kanehisa, Katsuo| Tsumuki, Hisaaki| Shiraga, Takashi| |
| Abstract | 2,4-Dihydrox-7-methoxy1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (DIMBOA), a hydroxamic acid is considered to be one of the components responsible for the resistance to pest insects in cereal plants. The relationship between concentration of DIMBOA and aphid infestation on 21 corn lines was investigated in 1990 and 1991. DIMBOA was detected in leaves od all corn lines tested, contained larger amounts in young plants and gradually decreased with growth. This property was the same as observed in wheat. A more than ten times difference in DIMBOA concentration was observed in corn lines. However, there was no positive correlation between DIMBOA concentration and aphid density. Most of the lines used had resistance to aphids. Resistance may be built together with other components such as (E)-aconitic acid. |
| Keywords | Apfid Resistant substance Hydroxamic acid DIMBOA Corn |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学資源生物科学研究所報告 |
| Published Date | 1996 |
| Volume | volume4 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 33 |
| End Page | 42 |
| ISSN | 0916-930X |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
| Title Alternative | メダカハネカクシの尾部分分泌物 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | 004_001_025_031.pdf |
| Author | Kanehisa, Katsuo| Tsumuki, Hisaaki| |
| Abstract | Rove beetles have a pair of pygidial excretory organs, each group secretes characteristic substances in a peculiar manner. The genus Stenus has a pair of pygidial organs, eversible by immersion in diethyl-ether at both sides of the anus. S. anthoracinus, S. melanarius vercecundus and S. rufescens were collected at ponds and river shores, and S. alienus was collected at tobacco and vegetable fields. Excretory substances were secreted in the diethylether, and identified by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Stenusin [N-Ethyl-3-(2-methylbutyl) piperidine], 1,8-cineole, isopiperitenol and 6-Me-5-hepten-2-one were identified. These may probably act as defensive substances against small attacking animals and microorganisms, and act as water suface moving active agents. |
| Keywords | Rove beetles Stenus Excretory secretion Pygidial organ Defensive secretion |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学資源生物科学研究所報告 |
| Published Date | 1996 |
| Volume | volume4 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 25 |
| End Page | 31 |
| ISSN | 0916-930X |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
