result 3663 件
| Title Alternative | Better diagnostic performance using computer-assisted diagnostic support systems in internal medicine |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | 131_29.pdf |
| Author | Kuriyama, Yutaka| Sota , Yumi| Yano, Aika| Yasuda, Hideki| Ishii, Osamu| Saio , Takeo| Torigoe, Keijiro| Ueda, Takeshi | Shimizu , Tarou | Tokuda, Yasuharu| |
| Abstract | The recent application of artificial intelligence（AI）to clinical medicine has confirmed the usefulness of AI for diagnostic imaging, histopathological examinations, and dermatologic screening. Clinical decision support systems are another promising area to which AI could contribute toward better clinical decisions. We have developed computer-assisted diagnostic support systems to reduce human diagnostic errors such as delayed diagnoses, misdiagnoses, and overdiagnoses. Our three Diagnosis Reminder（DR）systems include two AI systems that use machine learning in their diagnosis algorithms. Here, we compared the diagnostic accuracy of a DR-supported group with that of an unassisted physicians group, using three difficult patient cases provided by experts in general medicine. Our analyses revealed that the three AI diagnostic systems could not provide accurate differential diagnoses up to top 10 in all three patient cases because of incomplete data inputs for machine learning. However, the first DR system, which was developed by an experienced diagnostician over the last 35 years, showed very useful performance in reducing human diagnostic errors when it was used by an expert physician. The use of AI diagnostic systems by knowledgeable physicians will lead to better diagnostic performance. We also discuss the current scenario, future challenges, and prospects for AI diagnostic systems herein. |
| Keywords | AI 診断システム (AI diagnostic systems) 診断思い出し (diagnosis reminder) 機械学習 (machine learning) 診断エラー (human diagnostic errors) |
| Publication Title | Journal of Okayama Medical Association |
| Published Date | 2019-04-01 |
| Volume | volume131 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 29 |
| End Page | 34 |
| ISSN | 0030-1558 |
| Related Url | isVersionOf https://doi.org/10.4044/joma.131.29 |
| language | Japanese |
| Copyright Holders | Copyright (c) 2019 岡山医学会 |
| File Version | publisher |
| DOI | 10.4044/joma.131.29 |
| NAID | 130007642655 |
| Title Alternative | Autonomic nervous system controls of thermoregulation and circulation |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | 131_23.pdf |
| Author | Kamiya, Atsunori| |
| Keywords | 自律神経 交感神経 血圧 循環 |
| Publication Title | Journal of Okayama Medical Association |
| Published Date | 2019-04-01 |
| Volume | volume131 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 23 |
| End Page | 28 |
| ISSN | 0030-1558 |
| Related Url | isVersionOf https://doi.org/10.4044/joma.131.23 |
| language | Japanese |
| Copyright Holders | Copyright (c) 2019 岡山医学会 |
| File Version | publisher |
| DOI | 10.4044/joma.131.23 |
| NAID | 130007642657 |
| Title Alternative | The 2017 Incentive Award of the Okayama Medical Association in General Medical Science (2017 Yuuki Prize) |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | 131_9.pdf |
| Author | Katsuyama, Eri| |
| Publication Title | Journal of Okayama Medical Association |
| Published Date | 2019-04-01 |
| Volume | volume131 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 9 |
| End Page | 11 |
| ISSN | 0030-1558 |
| Related Url | isVersionOf https://doi.org/10.4044/joma.131.9 |
| language | Japanese |
| Copyright Holders | Copyright (c) 2019 岡山医学会 |
| File Version | publisher |
| DOI | 10.4044/joma.131.9 |
| NAID | 130007642647 |
| FullText URL | K0006022_abstract_review.pdf K0006022_summary.pdf K0006022_fulltext.pdf Figure.pdf Table.pdf |
|---|---|
| Author | Toshima, Shinji| |
| Published Date | 2019-06-30 |
| Content Type | Thesis or Dissertation |
| Grant Number | 甲第6022号 |
| Granted Date | 2019-06-30 |
| Thesis Type | Doctor of Philosophy in Medical Science |
| Grantor | 岡山大学 |
| language | English |
| FullText URL | K0006016_abstract_review.pdf K0006016_summary.pdf K0006016_fulltext.pdf |
|---|---|
| Author | Takahashi, Sho| |
| Published Date | 2019-06-30 |
| Content Type | Thesis or Dissertation |
| Grant Number | 甲第6016号 |
| Granted Date | 2019-06-30 |
| Thesis Type | Doctor of Philosophy in Medical Science |
| Grantor | 岡山大学 |
| language | English |
| Title Alternative | “Investment Treaties Network” and its Influence on Investment Treaties Reforms ‒ An Analysis of Swissbourgh v. Lesotho |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | olj_69_1_(70_45).pdf |
| Author | Nisugi, K.| |
| Publication Title | Okayama Law Journal |
| Published Date | 2019-08-30 |
| Volume | volume69 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 70 |
| End Page | 45 |
| ISSN | 0386-3050 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120006716051 |
| Title Alternative | Die Rechtstheorie von der landwirtschaftlicher Genossenschaft in Japan |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | olj_69_1_(112_83).pdf |
| Author | Tashiro, K.| |
| Publication Title | Okayama Law Journal |
| Published Date | 2019-08-30 |
| Volume | volume69 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 112 |
| End Page | 83 |
| ISSN | 0386-3050 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120006716049 |
| Title Alternative | Regelungsdichte und Verhältnismäßigkeit 1. Teil |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | olj_69_1_(160_114).pdf |
| Author | Yamada, S.| |
| Publication Title | Okayama Law Journal |
| Published Date | 2019-08-30 |
| Volume | volume69 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 160 |
| End Page | 114 |
| ISSN | 0386-3050 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120006716048 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/bgeou/56923 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | A Review of Studies about Evaluation for Visual Function of Children with Intellectual Disabilities |
| FullText URL | bgeou_171_047_053.pdf |
| Author | MIYAZAKI, Yoshio| |
| Abstract | 本研究の目的は，これまでの知的障害児童・生徒の視機能評価について，主として日本の特別支援学校における教育実践の先行研究に関する知見を整理するとともに，今後の教育実践の中で取り組むべき課題について示唆を得ることである。今回は1999年から2018年までの，知的障害のある児童・生徒の視機能評価に関する文献を12件抽出した。知的障害のある児童・生徒の視機能評価については，自覚的検査を中心としてその困難性が以前より指摘されており，近年においても課題になっている可能性が示唆された。この困難性については，重複障害のある児童・生徒の視機能評価についても同様であることも示唆された。今後の課題として，全国の特別支援学校を対象とした視機能評価に関する調査を実施することを含め，最新の動向を把握する必要性が指摘された。 |
| Publication Title | Bulletin of Graduate School of Education, Okayama University |
| Published Date | 2019-07-26 |
| Volume | volume171 |
| Start Page | 47 |
| End Page | 53 |
| ISSN | 1883-2423 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120006711416 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/bgeou/56921 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | Conceptual Arrangement of Strategies for Enhancing Teamwork |
| FullText URL | bgeou_171_023_038.pdf |
| Author | MISAWA, Ryo| |
| Keywords | チーム チームワーク チームワーク向上方策 文献レビュー |
| Publication Title | Bulletin of Graduate School of Education, Okayama University |
| Published Date | 2019-07-26 |
| Volume | volume171 |
| Start Page | 23 |
| End Page | 38 |
| ISSN | 1883-2423 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120006711414 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/bgeou/56919 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | A Comparative Study on Teacher Training Systems |
| FullText URL | bgeou_171_001_012.pdf |
| Author | ONOUE, Masanobu| KAJII, Kazuaki| KAWANO, Masayuki| AKINAGA, Saho| SERA, Miria| WANG, Yunjia| |
| Abstract | 本研究では現在の日本において喫緊の課題である教員の働き方改革について，現行の教員養成制度と諸外国の教員養成制度について取り上げ，研究対象とした諸外国の教員養成の歴史を踏まえて比較・考察を行った。その結果，日本では教員養成の高度化が進んでいないことなどが明らかになっただけでなく，教員養成制度を改革することで新任教員だけでなく現職の教員にとっても良い影響を及ぼす可能性があることがわかった。長時間労働，新任教員の依願退職者数の増加など多くの課題を抱えている日本において諸外国の教員養成制度は，これからの教員養成について示唆を与えている。 |
| Keywords | 教員養成制度 国際比較 日本 アメリカ フランス 中国 |
| Publication Title | Bulletin of Graduate School of Education, Okayama University |
| Published Date | 2019-07-26 |
| Volume | volume171 |
| Start Page | 1 |
| End Page | 12 |
| ISSN | 1883-2423 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120006711412 |
| Title Alternative | Annual report / Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | IPSR_26.pdf |
| Author | Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University| |
| Publication Title | Annual Report, Institute of Plant Science and Resources Okayama University |
| Published Date | 2019-03-31 |
| Volume | volume26 |
| Start Page | 1 |
| End Page | 71 |
| ISSN | 2186-4918 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/56912 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | J. H. Clapham, An Economic History of Modern Britain, vol. 3, Machines and National Rivalries (1887-1914), with an Epilogue (1914-1929), Outline, Chap.8 |
| FullText URL | oer_051_1_059_083.pdf |
| Author | Ichinose, Atsushi| |
| Publication Title | Okayama Economic Review |
| Published Date | 2019-07-16 |
| Volume | volume51 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 59 |
| End Page | 83 |
| ISSN | 2433-4146 |
| language | Japanese |
| Copyright Holders | Copyright © 2019 岡山大学経済学会 |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120006652411 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/56909 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | The Revolutionary Forces in Marx’s Theory and Marxism : Development? or Distortion? |
| FullText URL | oer_051_1_001_018.pdf |
| Author | Ota , Yoshiki| |
| Abstract | 1. Diffusion of Marxism and inflation of the concept “proletariat” The concept of “proletariat” is the central concept of Marxism. However, its content varies according to times and regions. For Marx and Engels, proletarias are workers who work in the capitalist large industries, they overthrow the rule of capitalists through the revolution and are the subjects of the construction of society in the future. Kautsky put workers in small factories and small farmers into the category of proletariat. Lenin overestimated capitalist development in Russia and included farmers without horses into proletariat. In Mao Zedong, agricultural workers, rumpen, handmade workers, peasants, clerks and peddlers are also allowed to participate in the revolution. The concept of proletariat is inflated. As the region moves away from the center of the world system, the scope of participants in the revolution has been expanded. 2. “Proletariat” in Marx’s view on social development In Marx, proletariat is given a privileged position as a revolutionary subject in the capitalist society. In the “formulation” of historical materialism, modern bourgeois society is given a privileged position in human history. Proletariat is privileged in dual sense. In this formulation, there is no social antagonism in the future society that Marx believes. This future society should be called a “community without law and state”. It is recognized that the development of capitalist production increases the number of workers and the ordinary electoral system increases possibilities of acquiring a working-class regime. Still, Capital insists that the revolution is inevitable. Marx and Engels never abandoned “revolutionism” throughout their lives. 3. Marx’s revolutionary strategy and British working class For Marx and Engels, England is a typical country of capitalistic development, giving models to other countries.However, the English working class in the mid-19th century was not “revolutionary”. The English labor movement during this period had been internalized under the guidance of the “labor aristocrat”. Working class was integrated as “nation”. While cooperating with the reformists politically, Marx was argueing revolutionism in scientific books. While cooperating with the reformists politically, Marx was advocating revolutionism in Capital. In modern bourgeois society, it is usual that labor classes are integrated into a system as “nation” and labor movement is to become reformistic, but Marx could not analyze this situation as a problem of upper structure of capitalism in general. In England Marx cooperated with the reformist labor movement, but could not abandon his revolutionism. 4. Reform Movement and Revolutionism: German Revisionism Controversy and Russian Party Organization Controversy At the German Social Democratic Party, there was coexistence of reformistic practice and ideology of revolutionism. Kautsky was a personal expression of this coexistence. He adhered to revolutionism, but acknowledged that socialist consciousness was brought into labor movement from the outside historically. Bernstein claimed that revolutionism is an obstacle to workers’ reform movement. In the controversy concerning the organization of the Russian Social Democratic Party, from the standpoint of revolutionalism, Lenin argued that “external injection” is necessary because the workers’ reform movement and the revolutionary socialist movement are not directly connected. The revolutionary forces are not necessarily the product of the capitalist big industry. Those who have abilities to resist the capitalist system, they can participate in the socialist revolution through the “external injection” of the revolutionary party. It can be said that the logic of “external injection” made it possible to disseminate Marxism to the semi-periphery and periphery. 5. Conclusion The Marxist revolution theory is understood as the theory of “revolution of developed countryies”. This is because it assumes the proletariat produced by the capitalist big industry as the revolutionary subject. In the case of Marx, its understanding is correct. However, the successful acquisition of the regime by the Marxist was in “backward countries”. It can be said that the key to solving this paradox was in the unreality of the concept of “proletariat” at the core of Marx’s revolutionism. Marx’s “proletariat” has no realities in the working class in center of modern capitalit world system （“developed capitalist countries”）. On the other hand, various anti-systemic forces were formed as a revolutionary subject entity or “proletariat” by “external injection” of the revolutionary parties in semi-periphery and periphery （the “backward areas”）. Rosa Luxemburg called as “clique management （Cliquenwirtschaft）” the regime that such forces could aquire. Under the “clique management” system, people remained in the object of governance and never became the subject. |
| Publication Title | Okayama Economic Review |
| Published Date | 2019-07-16 |
| Volume | volume51 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 1 |
| End Page | 18 |
| ISSN | 2433-4146 |
| language | Japanese |
| Copyright Holders | Copyright © 2019 岡山大学経済学会 |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120006652408 |
| Title Alternative | 75th and 76th Meeting News, and the Secretary Meeting News |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | poalas_035_059_071.pdf |
| Publication Title | Proceedings of Okayama Association for Laboratory Animal Science |
| Published Date | 2019-06 |
| Volume | volume35 |
| Start Page | 59 |
| End Page | 71 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| Title Alternative | Contents of the Proceedings of the Okayama Association for Laboratory Animal Science : From No.1 to 35 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | poalas_035_046_058.pdf |
| Author | Sato, Katsunori| |
| Abstract | The Proceedings of the Okayama Association for Laboratory Animal Science were initially issued in 1983, the year following the establishment of the association, and No.35 is the latest.Scince issue No.2, the proceedings have consisted of the following content: |
| Publication Title | Proceedings of Okayama Association for Laboratory Animal Science |
| Published Date | 2019-06 |
| Volume | volume35 |
| Start Page | 46 |
| End Page | 58 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| Title Alternative | Introduction to the activities of the Regional Associations for Laboratory Animal Science |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | poalas_035_038_045.pdf |
| Abstract | わが国には現在11 の地区研究会があり、独自の活動が展開されています。本報では、各地区研究会の間での情報交換、交流などを意図して、平成30 年度の活動について北から順に紹介します。なお、会長、事務局担当者及び講演者、話題提供者の方々のお名前は敬称を省略させていただきました。詳細な内容をご希望の方は各地区研究会の事務局にお問い合わせ下さい。 |
| Publication Title | Proceedings of Okayama Association for Laboratory Animal Science |
| Published Date | 2019-06 |
| Volume | volume35 |
| Start Page | 38 |
| End Page | 45 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| Title Alternative | Introduction of Center for Comparative Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine based on concept of laboratory animal allergy prevention |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | poalas_035_029_037.pdf |
| Author | Sagara, Eiji| |
| Abstract | Laboratory animal allergy (LAA) is an important problem on considering the occupational safety and health of animal workers. The Center for Comparative Medicine (CCOM), Hyogo College of Medicine, opened on April 1, 2018, is an animal experiment facility designed and constructed based on the concept of LAA prevention. This CCOM is located on the first and second floors of a newly built "education· research building". Methods for the prevention of LAA are airflow control by air conditioning equipment, breeding equipment, experimental equipment, cage transporters that suppress the diffusion of aero allergens, spraying of slightly acidic water mist, and prevention of allergen exposure by the strict use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). In addition, we implemented training on LAA and take measures to prevent office workers from being exposed to laboratory animal-derived allergens. |
| Publication Title | Proceedings of Okayama Association for Laboratory Animal Science |
| Published Date | 2019-06 |
| Volume | volume35 |
| Start Page | 29 |
| End Page | 37 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| Title Alternative | The mammalian pigmentary system - a model experimental system for exploring the functional divergence of a differentiated cell type |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | poalas_035_002_008.pdf |
| Author | Yamamoto, Hiroaki| |
| Abstract | There are two cell lineages of mammalian melanin pigment cells, one that leads to retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells in the eye from the optic cup and the other leading to melanocytes from vertebrate-specific neural crest cells. Melanocyte precursors have high mobility and migrate and settle into various tissues and organs, including the skin, choroid, inner ear, heart, brain, adipose tissue, lung, etc. It is well known that RPE cells are essential for visual acuity and that melanocytes in the skin provide protection against UV-damage. So, what is the function of extracutaneous melanocytes that are distributed elsewhere in the body where only very small amounts of light illuminate their existence? Here I would like to briefly introduce our research history and then discuss the important roles of melanocytes in the inner ear that are indispensable for hearing ability and those in the choroid where they seem to contribute to maintaining the structures of their habitats. |
| Publication Title | Proceedings of Okayama Association for Laboratory Animal Science |
| Published Date | 2019-06 |
| Volume | volume35 |
| Start Page | 2 |
| End Page | 8 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| FullText URL | poalas_035_contents.pdf |
|---|---|
| Publication Title | Proceedings of Okayama Association for Laboratory Animal Science |
| Published Date | 2019-06 |
| Volume | volume35 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
