ID | 66671 |
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Author |
Ichikawa, Yukiko
Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University
Ogino, Tetsuya
Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University
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Abstract | Ice bags are frequently used in medical care settings for pain relief, comfort, and in some cases, whole-body cooling. This study quantifies heat energy transfer capacity of ice bags and evaluates their cooling effects on body temperature. Forty-eight healthy adults in their 20s were recruited. An ice bag wrapped in two layers of dry towel was applied to the forehead, neck, or palm of each participant for 10 min. The skin surface temperature, heat flow, and core temperature were recorded during the cooling and non-cooling periods, with energy transfer calculated by integrating heat flow over time. Over the non-cooling period, 31.4-53.6 kJ·m-2 of energy was dissipated over 10 min, whereas during the cooling period, the range increased to 180.0-218.7 kJ·m-2 over 10 min. Skin surface temperature decreased by 3.2-5.7°C, whereas core temperature was unchanged. Ice bag use augmented energy transfer by about 150-180 kJ·m-2 over 10 min, but this was insufficient for rapid whole body cooling due to the small skin-surface area in contact with the ice bag. The measured energy transfer indicated that topical ice bag application absorbs insufficient energy to affect core temperature. Quantitative assessment of energy transfer was shown to inform the safe and appropriate use of thermotherapy.
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Keywords | cold compress
fever
hyperthermia
thermal conductivity
thermoregulation
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Amo Type | Original Article
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Publication Title |
Acta Medica Okayama
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Published Date | 2024-02
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Volume | volume78
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Issue | issue1
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Publisher | Okayama University Medical School
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Start Page | 53
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End Page | 61
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ISSN | 0386-300X
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NCID | AA00508441
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Content Type |
Journal Article
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language |
English
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Copyright Holders | Copyright Ⓒ 2024 by Okayama University Medical School
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File Version | publisher
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Refereed |
True
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Web of Science KeyUT |