| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/58071 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | Clusters and Hierarchies |
| FullText URL | oer_051_2-3_039_052.pdf |
| Author | Tomae, Hisao| |
| Abstract | Porter（ 1990） proposes the concept of“ cluster”. The purpose of this paper is to examine how clusters are positioned between the market and the hierarchies, as Porter（ 1998） presents the challenge. At the same time, there are intermediate organizations such as a series between the market and the hierarchy, so we will also discuss them. As for the hierarchical organization, we conducted a case study of Yokoyama Seimou, and examined its characteristics. The significance of this paper is the following two points.（ 1）Hierarchical organization, competition by visible hands, division of process in Ota Ward, and cluster can simultaneously achieve productivity and innovation. （2） Regarding Yokoyama Seimou’s case study, the company is located in an area that can hardly be called a cluster and is a hierarchical organization that vertically integrates processes, the company has succeeded in meaningful joint development with other companies. As an implication for the region, it is also important to view the whole of Japan as a network, regardless of the cluster. The structure of this paper will be discussed in the order of Porter’s theory of clusters, existing research on intermediate organizations, Yokoyama’s case study, discussion, and conclusion. |
| Publication Title | Okayama Economic Review |
| Published Date | 2020-03-19 |
| Volume | volume51 |
| Issue | issue2-3 |
| Start Page | 39 |
| End Page | 52 |
| ISSN | 2433-4146 |
| language | Japanese |
| Copyright Holders | Copyright © 2020 岡山大学経済学会 |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120006812124 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/53100 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | Management of Global Niche Top Enterprises as Supplier |
| FullText URL | oer_046_2_147_155.pdf |
| Author | Tomae, Hisao| |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 2014-12-18 |
| Volume | volume46 |
| Issue | issue2 |
| Start Page | 147 |
| End Page | 155 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| Copyright Holders | Copyright © 2014 岡山大学経済学会 |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120005540378 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41500 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | The Japanese Companies' Problems in Global Competitions |
| FullText URL | oer_031_3_087_112.pdf |
| Author | Tomae, Hisao| |
| Abstract | Japanese companies that practice the Japanese style management have pursued scale merit profits by mass production of stand-alone goods and had stronger competitiveness than US companies in '80 s. US companies, especially, cannot follow the overlapping development practicing which the Japanese companies have started. In '90 s, however, US companies have begun the overlapping development practicing by using telecommunication and information technology, and furthermore they do it interorganizationally among firms. As the results, US firms have stronger competitiveness than Japanese firms in the high-tech fields of system goods industries. Japanese companies have to be divided into two groups. One is stand-alone goods industries in which they operate mass production as before. Another is system goods industries in which they must unlearn the past success experiences and have to promote new innovation system. At the same time, they need to change the strategy in global business in the case that they belong to system goods industries. In Global Industries, Bartlett and Ghoshal insist on the 'transnational solution', but it should be noted that their theory is based on the study of stand-alone goods industries. We believe that the virtual corporation has more competitiveness than the transnational organization in system goods industries. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1999-12-10 |
| Volume | volume31 |
| Issue | issue3 |
| Start Page | 87 |
| End Page | 112 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120002695980 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41466 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | Corporate Ideologies and Visions of Top-managements in the Local Small Manufacturing Industries |
| FullText URL | oer_032_2_035_057.pdf |
| Author | Tomae, Hisao| |
| Abstract | This paper is concerned with corporate ideologies and visions of topmanagements in the local small manufacturing industries. We assume that corporate ideologies are unchanging values and that visions of topmanagement evolve according to actual interaction. Further we assume that visions are both value and factual premises. The questionnaire survey is analyzed. The analyses imply the followings. (1) Even in the local small companies, visions of top-managements are important for corporate performance. (2) In high performance small companies of local area, visions of top-managements relate to corporate ideologies. (3) In the high performance small companies, when top-management want to challenge projecting strategies, the projecting strategies are related to visions of top-managements and corporate ideologies. (4) In the high performance small companies, visions of top-managements and corporate ideologies lead to flexibility modification, but in low performance small companies oflocal area, field levels lead to flexibility modification. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 2000-09-10 |
| Volume | volume32 |
| Issue | issue2 |
| Start Page | 35 |
| End Page | 57 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000130062 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/12407 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | Evolving Technical Capabilities in Turmoil : A Field Research on The Value Chain Network of Denim Jeans Industry in The Setouchi District (1) |
| FullText URL | 39_2_001_020.pdf |
| Author | Fujii, Daiji| Tomae, Hisao| Yamamoto, Tomoyuki| Inoue, Jiro| |
| Abstract | 本稿は，岡山大学経済学部と(財)岡山経済研究所の共同研究プロジェクトの一環として行われた調査研究の報告書に加筆修正を加えたものである。その報告書は，会員組織である岡山経済研究所の会員向け冊子として配布される予定であり，それとは別に経営学などの研究者に向けて成果を公表することが，本稿の目的となっている。紙幅の制約上，いくつかの独立した論考としての体裁をとりながら連続して掲載する予定であり，その構成は以下の通りである。 |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 2007-09 |
| Volume | volume39 |
| Issue | issue2 |
| Start Page | 1 |
| End Page | 20 |
| ISSN | 03863069 |
| Related Url | http://eprints.lib.okayama-u.ac.jp/12400/ http://eprints.lib.okayama-u.ac.jp/12383/ |
| language | Japanese |
| Copyright Holders | 岡山大学経済学会 |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120002304912 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/12400 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | Evolving Technical Capabilities in Turmoil : A Field Research on The Value Chain Network of Denim Jeans Industry in The Setouchi District (2) |
| FullText URL | 39_3_023_042.pdf |
| Author | Fujii, Daiji| Tomae, Hisao| Yamamoto, Tomoyuki| Inoue, Jiro| |
| Abstract | 本稿の目的は，産地型集積の維持・発展メカニズムの分析に先立つ予備的作業として，三備地区が他の繊維・アパレル産地に比較して産地力の持続に成功していることをフィールド調査を通じて考察することである。これに必要な作業としてまず，デニム・ジーンズの歴史や，ジーンズの消費財としての特殊性，三備地区がジーンズに出会ってから今日に到るまでの大きな流れなどを掴む。また倉敷市児島地区を中心とした製販ネットワークの現状を具体的に報告する。前稿で述べたように，産業集積にアプローチするうえで比較優位説を展開した「ヘクシャー＝オリン定理」を採用するのと並行して，Porter（１９９０a，１９９０b）が前提するようなプレイヤーの自律的行 為能力を重視したいというのが，本研究の立場であった。ヘクシャー＝オリン定理を適用すると，綿花の産地であった三備地区で綿素材を中心とした繊維・アパレル産業が形成されたことを理解しやすいであろうし，時代の変化に応じて企業が戦略的に経営の舵を切る様子に着目し，児島地区を中心とした製販ネットワークを産地型集積の一例として捉えることもまた有意義な作業であろう。ジーンズ産地の持続・発展のメカニズムを考察するとき，さらに一歩踏み込んで既存の産業集積論では説明しきれない部分を探し出し，より包括的な理解を構築したいと考えている。そこで＜実践コミュニティ＞という新しい視座の導入を試みるのだけれども，具体的には，産地内の企業間の切磋琢磨や競争的な試行錯誤が，ジーンズ産地の持続・発展に影響を与えた可能性を探求したいと考えている。ただしその分析作業は，次章以降の課題である。本章では，既存の理論を若干意識しながら，まずデニム・ジーンズや三備地区の簡単な歴史を振り返り，ジーンズ固有の厚地，芯白，綾織といった特性について説明し，三備地区が綿花の産地から紡績，織物，縫製など繊維産地へ発展した流れを追う（第２節）。続いて，企業が戦略的に経営の舵を切っていく「ジーンズ国産化」の流れを追う（第３節）。すなわち他のアパレル製品と比較してデニム・ジーンズの最大の特徴であり，またアメリカのジーンズには本来なかった洗い加工技術を中心にして，三備地区のジーンズ作りに対する取組みを概観する。続いてインタビューを通じて得られた三備地区に関するイメージを報告する。まず集積の主体である企業群を大きく３つの業態に分割し，それらの特徴を理念型として整理し，それぞれのメリットとデメリットを報告する（第４節）。続いて集積メリットのひとつとして，若手経営者の起業を促す要素を考察し，どのような試みが展開されているのかを報告する（第５節）。 |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 2007-12 |
| Volume | volume39 |
| Issue | issue3 |
| Start Page | 23 |
| End Page | 42 |
| ISSN | 03863069 |
| Related Url | http://eprints.lib.okayama-u.ac.jp/12407/ http://eprints.lib.okayama-u.ac.jp/12383/ |
| language | Japanese |
| Copyright Holders | 岡山大学経済学会 |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120002304834 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/12383 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | Evolving Technical Capabilities in Turmoil :A Field Research on The Value Chain Network of Denim Jeans Industry in The Setouchi District (3) |
| FullText URL | 39_4_177_187.pdf |
| Author | Fujii, Daiji| Tomae, Hisao| Yamamoto, Tomoyuki| Inoue, Jiro| |
| Abstract | This paper is the final report of our field research of the denim Jeans value chain network in the Setouchi district. Based on the argument delivered in our earlier reports, we now concentrate on the mechanism which underlies the survival of the district under the fierce global competitive pressures. We suggest that local economies such as ours full of small and medium sized producers of denim jeans tend to have individualistic industrial climates. Textile converters and fashion designers and the like do not hesitate to learn from their competitors by imitation. This is because they usually receive training on commercial knowledge and technical skills through their actual daily jobs instead of formal education at professional schools. Imitation is not only an important part of their professional learning, but also one of effective ways to save experimental costs to raise numerous ideas and prototype new products. This tendency creates a certain level of homogeneity of product designs, which also creates certain pressures for the manufacturers to differentiate themselves from their own competitors. Under this anbivalent iudustrial climate, the manufacturers seek their uniqueness through improvised reinterpretation of the original product designs. This uniqueness which creeps in the imitation process may come from the recent movement where some of young and entrepreneurial startups and the like acquire deserted production capacities that used to be owned by older generations. Faced with the recent fierce competitive pressures, such old generations have lost their motivation to continue their business and deserted their production facilities. The younger generation gives lives to such facilities and receives wider learning opportunities and flexible production capabilities under the new low−volume diversified production paradigm. Under this new circumstance, planned obsolescence of products becomes common and overall design and production capabilities are deemed to evolve quite quickly and effectively. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 2008-03 |
| Volume | volume39 |
| Issue | issue4 |
| Start Page | 177 |
| End Page | 187 |
| ISSN | 03863069 |
| Related Url | http://eprints.lib.okayama-u.ac.jp/12407/ http://eprints.lib.okayama-u.ac.jp/12400/ |
| language | Japanese |
| Copyright Holders | 岡山大学経済学会 |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120002304821 |
| Author | 戸前 壽夫| |
|---|---|
| Published Date | 2004 |
| Publication Title | 北東アジア経済研究 |
| Volume | volume1 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Content Type | Departmental Bulletin Paper |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/1708 |
