ID | 62998 |
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Author |
Nishimura, Midori Filiz
Department of Pathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences
Nishimura, Yoshito
Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences
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Nishikori, Asami
Division of Pathophysiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences
Yoshino, Tadashi
Department of Pathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences
Kaken ID
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Sato, Yasuharu
Department of Pathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences
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Abstract | Simple Summary: It is challenging for pathologists to diagnose primary gastrointestinal T-cell neoplasms. Besides the rarity of the diseases, the small biopsy material makes it more difficult to differentiate between non-neoplastic inflammation and secondary involvement of extra gastrointestinal lymphoma. Since this group of diseases ranges from aggressive ones with a very poor prognosis to indolent ones that require caution to avoid overtreatment, the impact of the diagnosis on the patient is enormous. Although early treatment of aggressive lymphoma is essential, the treatment strategy is not well established, which is a problem for clinicians. This review provides a cross-sectional comparison of histological findings. Unlike previous reviews, we summarized up-to-date clinically relevant information including the treatment strategies as well as practical differential diagnosis based on thorough literature review.
Abstract: Primary gastrointestinal (GI) T-cell neoplasms are extremely rare heterogeneous disease entities with distinct clinicopathologic features. Given the different prognoses of various disease subtypes, clinicians and pathologists must be aware of the key characteristics of these neoplasms, despite their rarity. The two most common aggressive primary GI T-cell lymphomas are enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma and monomorphic epitheliotropic intestinal T-cell lymphoma. In addition, extranodal natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma of the nasal type and anaplastic large cell lymphoma may also occur in the GI tract or involve it secondarily. In the revised 4th World Health Organization classification, indolent T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder of the GI tract has been incorporated as a provisional entity. In this review, we summarize up-to-date clinicopathological features of these disease entities, including the molecular characteristics of primary GI T-cell lymphomas and indolent lymphoproliferative disorders. We focus on the latest treatment approaches, which have not been summarized in existing reviews. Further, we provide a comprehensive review of available literature to address the following questions: How can pathologists discriminate subtypes with different clinical prognoses? How can primary GI neoplasms be distinguished from secondary involvement? How can these neoplasms be distinguished from non-specific inflammatory changes at an early stage? |
Keywords | primary gastrointestinal T-cell lymphoma
enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma
EATL
monomorphic epitheliotropic intestinal T-cell lymphoma
MEITL
indolent T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder
ITLPD-GI
NK-cell enteropathy
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Published Date | 2021-11-18
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Publication Title |
Cancers
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Volume | volume13
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Issue | issue22
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Publisher | MDPI
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Start Page | 5774
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ISSN | 2072-6694
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Content Type |
Journal Article
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language |
English
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OAI-PMH Set |
岡山大学
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Copyright Holders | © 2021 by the authors.
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File Version | publisher
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DOI | |
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Related Url | isVersionOf https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers13225774
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License | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
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