JaLCDOI 10.18926/OER/40928
FullText URL oer_033_2_001_009.pdf
Author Puzari, Rekha Rani Sarma| Mazane, Kazumi|
Abstract In this paper an attempt is being made to evaluate and elucidate the role of the women of Assam in the freedom struggle of India. The year 1920 had witnessed the outbreak of the great nationalist movement in India under the leadership of Mohan Das Karamchand Gandhi to make India free from the British bondage. Assam’s contribution to the struggle of Independence as one of its provinces was not in any way less than the rest of the country. Along with the men, the women of Assam also responded to each and every phases of the freedom movement launched by Gandhiji, namely, the Non−Cooperation Movement (1920 / 21), Civil Disobedience Movement (1930) and the Quit India Movement (1942). They participated in the movement by organizing processions and picketings and undertaking tours to the remotest areas to propagate the message of the movement. They whole−heartedly undertook Gandhiji’s constructive programs like spinning and weaving in large scale along with the task of removal of untouchability and popularization of Hindi as a national language. That is why the glory of the Civil Disobedience Movement in Assam is attributed to the women. In 1942, the Assamese women perhaps surpassed all other women of the country in respect of courage and sacrifice. During this period they participated in the movement both on non−violent Gandhian way and the revolutionary way. The revolutionary group of women helped their male counterparts in cutting telephone and telegraph lines, burning government buildings and damaging bridges to paralyze the British administration. Such activities led the government to take repressive measures to suppress the women folk. They were harassed both mentally and physically, which in turn aroused the common people to fight for the noble cause of freedom.
Publication Title 岡山大学経済学会雑誌
Published Date 2001-09-10
Volume volume33
Issue issue2
Start Page 1
End Page 9
ISSN 0386-3069
language English
File Version publisher
NAID 110000130106
JaLCDOI 10.18926/OER/40608
FullText URL oer_033_1_001_013.pdf
Author Puzari, Rekha Rani Sarma| Mazane, Kazumi|
Abstract This paper unfolds the saga of the nationalist upsurge and the germination of the left wings within the National Congress of India during the first Non−Cooperation Movement. As a background to our present study we can say that India was not a single country at the time of entry of the British to India. It was divided into many separate kingdoms and the vast portion of it was ruled by the Mughals. Taking advantage of the weakness of the Mughal emperors the British entered the country and established their trade monopoly and gradually established their rule in India. Riding on the back of the British rule modern ideas peeped into India from the west. It resulted in the growth of nationalist ideas among the newly educated Indians and opened their eyes to the evils of the British rule, which instigated them to fight against the aliens. The first form of this type of resistance was the revolt of 1857. The British suppressed the revolt no doubt but it was the first struggle of the people of India for their independence. The National Congress was established in 1885 which could be termed as the first all India political organization. The tragedy of Jalliwanala Bagh and the publication of the Turkish peace terms brought Mohan Das Karam Chand Gandhi to the Indian political scene. He took the Khilafat issue as an instrument to create an anti−British sentiment among the Indian people and thereby started the first non−cooperation movement in India. Gandhiji gave the call for launching the non−cooperation movement on August 1, 1920 in the form of satyagraha means non−violence and truthfulness. The mass awakening in all over India compelled the British Government to take repressive mearures. Though the non−violence was the main principle of Gandhiji’s mass civil disobedience movement a violence took place in Chauri−Chaura in the United Province and Gandhiji suspended the movenment. It disappointed a young nationalist group including Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru and Subhas Chandra Bose who wanted to give the movement a radical colour owing to the influence of scientific socialism of Marx. As a result a new group was formed within the Congress termed as Left Wings. The ideologies of the two groups were different. When the Right Wing of the Congress led by Gandhiji demanded dominion status for the country the Left Wing stood for complete independence. Gradually the Left Wing divided into two groups : Communist Party of India (CPI) and the Congress Socialist Party (CSP) with the same objective of complete independence under the banner of the National Congress.
Publication Title 岡山大学経済学会雑誌
Published Date 2001-06-10
Volume volume33
Issue issue1
Start Page 1
End Page 13
ISSN 0386-3069
language English
File Version publisher
NAID 110000130083
Author Mazane, Kazumi|
Published Date 2005-03-10
Publication Title 岡山大学経済学会雑誌
Volume volume36
Issue issue4
Content Type Article