就学前後の子をもつ親の 子育て不安・子育て支援に関する検討

　本研究では，就学前後の子をもつ養育者が，子育てで感じている喜びや不安，必要としている支援について検討し，子育て支援のあり方について考察した。子ども園に通う3から5歳児の保護者と小学1，2年生児の保護者に子育てに関する自記式調査を行い，回答を得られた166名の記述内容について検討した。質的分析から，子ども園児・小学校児童の保護者とも，子どもの成長や姿，一緒に行動することに喜びを感じていた。一方，子ども園や学校での適応や保護者自身の子どもへの対応に不安を感じていた。このような状況から養育者への支援として，就学前教育と小学校教育の連携の強化，保護者同士の交流の場や機会の提供，相談体制の整備，子育てに関する講演会や心理教育の提供，子育て支援に関する満足度の定期的見立てが重要であると考えられた。以上より，子育て支援には，心理的支援を含めた多面的な支援が重要であることが示唆された。

　The objective of this study is to understand child care support systems for parents, based on analyses of data from parents with children, relative to need, degree of anxiety, and level of happiness during child rearing years. Parents of pre-school children, aged 3-5 years and/or 1st and 2nd graders answered a self-reported questionnaire on child rearing. This data of 166 parents were analyzed qualitatively. Most parents with children before and after entering elementary schools reported happiness through child growth and being together. On the other hand, some parents felt anxiety concerning child adjustment in school along with their own attitudes toward their children. It was suggested that collaborative child care support during pre-school and elementary school years would be helpful in providing opportunities to facilitate communication between other parents. This would include consultation concerning child rearing anxiety, and opportunities to attend lectures and psychoeducational workshops. Evaluation of child care support systems is necessary for better outcomes. In conclusion, it may be important to prevent child rearing anxiety through various support means, including psychological support in child care.

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