Acta Medica Okayama volume30 issue2

Es wurde Untersuchungen an Mausen mit dem Rinder-Monokomponente-Insulin und der Rinder-a-Komponente durchgefGhrt, urn den Nachweis zu erbringen, ob das Monokomponente. Insulin oder die a-Komponente als ein Insulitis-erzeugendes Antigen dienen kann. Dabei wurden die Tiere mit den Substanzen, die jeweils mit Freund's complete adjuvant wiederholt verabreicht wurden, aktiv immunisiert und weiterhin untersucht auf eine dadurch bewirkte Insulitis. (1) Bei den mit dem Rinder-MonokomponenteInsulin sensibilisierten Gruppen kam die Insulitis bei 1 von 8 Fallen in der 20. Woche nach der ersten Sensibilisierung und bei 5 von 10 Fallen in der 28. Woche zur Erscheinung. (2) Bei den mit der a-Komponente behandelten Gruppen liet3 sich die Insulitis bei 0 von 9 Fallen in der 20. Woche nach dem Sensibilisierungsbeginn und auch bei 1 von 10 Fallen in der 28. Woche nachweisen. Diese Ergebnisse zeigen, dat3 das Monokomponente-Insulin als ein Insulitis-erzeugendes Antigen wirken kann. Dagegen war nur ein Fall von Insulitis befallen unter 19 Tieren, die mit der a-Komponente behandelt wurden.

The surface structure of myeloma cells was examined by scanning electron microscopy. The cells were collected from the pleural effusion of a multiple myeloma patient and purified by Conray-Ficoll gradient sedimentation. The cell size ranged from 8 mu to 12 mu in diameter and the microvilli were from 0.8 mu to 1.2 mu in length. The surfaces of the majority of the observed myeloma cells were more villous than lymphocytes.

An anomalous zymogram of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the serum from a patient with liver cirrhosis was reported. Agar-gel electrophoresis of serum showed an extra LDH band close to the anodic side of LDH5 and a wide band of LDH5. Gel filtration of patient's serum in Sephadex G-200 demonstrated an abnormal LDH fraction eluted between immunoglobulin G (IgG) and macroglobulin in addition to a normal LDH component. Chromatographically abnormal LDH was demonstrated on agar gel as extra and wide LDH5 bands and resembled closely human hepatic LDH in various physico-chemical properties such as inhibition by urea or substrate, stability against heat, and Michaelis-Menten's constant. Immunological analyses demonstrated that abnormal LDH could be in the state combined with IgG. Molecular weight of the complex estimated by gel filtration was approximately 300,000. Mixtures of the heated patient's serum with normal or patient's hepatic LDH showed abnormal LDH fraction by gel filtration, whereas abnormal fraction was not demonstrated when heated normal serum was mixed with normal or the patient's hepatic LDH. These results strongly suggest that the occurrence of anomalous LDH zymogram in patient's serum is due to a formation of LDH-IgG complex, which is based on the binding of essentially normal hepatic LDH and abnormal IgG.

Experimentelle Produktion der Immun-Insu1itis wurde aufgrund der aktiven Immunisierung der Mause vom dd-Stamm durch wiederholte Gabe vom rekristallisierten Rinderinsulin im Abstand von 4 Wochen unternommen. Wahrend der Zeitdauer vom 3. Tag bis zur 28. Woche nach der ersten Sensibilisierung wurden serologische sowie histo1ogische Untersuchungen an diesen Tieren vorgenommen. Dabei ergaben sich fo1gende Befunde: (1) Die Immunlnsulitis kam bei allen von 58 Fallen bis zu 16 Wochen nach dem Sensibilisierungsbeginn nicht zur Erscheinung, und trat bei 2 von 8 Fallen erst in der 20. Woche und dann bei 3 von 8 Fallen in der 28. Woche in die Erscheinung. (2) Kein signifikanter Unterschied bestand in Hinsicht des insulinverbindenden Antikorpertiters im Blut zwischen den Fallen mit und ohne Immun-Insulitis in der 20. Woche sowie in der 28. Woche. (3) 1m Zeitlauf gab es aber eine gute Koinzidenz zwischen der Entstehung der Immun-Insulitis und der Herabsetzung des Antikorpertiters im Blut. (4) Untersuchungen des Pankreas mit Hi1fe der direkten Fluoreszenz-Antikorpermethode ergaben keine erkennbare spezifische Fluoreszenz innerhalb der Langerhansschen Inseln. Diese Untersuchungsergebnisse liefern der Ansicht einen Beweis, da~ die Insulitis, die fUr den mensch1ichen Diabetes mellitus spezifisch ist, mindestens zum Teil durch einen immuno1ogischen Mechanismus entstehen konnte.

The macrophage migration inhibition activity [MI activity) was stable in sensitized lymphocyte-to-marcophage ratios of 1:5 to 1:20 in mice. Antigen protein concentrations under 100 mug/ml did not induce nonspecific macrophage migration inhibition. Inhibition of tumor proliferation and survival was observed after a combined injection of BCG and MH-134 cells. After a single injection of MH-134 tumor cells, MI activity was reinforced and prolonged, demonstrating the clear effects of BCG as adjuvant. In DDS mice MI activity was weakened in the regional lymph node after a subcutaneous injection of just above or below 10(5) Ehrlich cancer cells previously treated with mitomycin C. This finding suggests the presence of an optimal tumor antigen concentration.

A case of alcaptonuria combined with aortic insufficiency was found in a 28-year-old male. The patient was palpitating at admission. The daily excretion of homogentisic acid was 2.0-6.0 g. Electrocardiography indicated atrial fibrillation and left ventricular hypertrophy with a ST-T change and right axis deviation. Cartilage tissues in the knee-joints showed no pigmentation. Vertebral X-ray revealed no calcification. The patient's history disclosed a family intermarriage in his grandparents. The patient's mother noticed the presence of black stains on diapers in his infancy and brown pigmentation on the skin and sclera in childhood. No kin had similar symptoms.

Neocarzinostain (NCS) was first used by Hiraki and his colleagues for induction chemotherapy in acute leukemia. This new anti-tumor agent is a polypeptide with a high molecular weight of 10,700 daltons. Anti-NCS antibody was produced in rabbits administered NCS intramuscularly with or without adjuvant. The production of anti-NCS antibody in patients treated with NCS was investigated. Forty three leukemia cases of various types were examined totally 65 times. Two mg of NCS for four consecutive days by intravenous drip infusion followed by 7 to 10 days of pause was repeatedly administered. The total amounts ranged 8 to 174 mg and the total periods 4 to 87 days. The methods used to measure the antibody titer are the passive hemagglutination (PHA) test on microplate and the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) reaction in guinea pigs. The sera of all patients showed only non-specific agglutination at less than 2(3) dilution by PHA test, and to confirm these results four patient sera were tested by PCA reaction. The production of anti-NCS antibody was not detected in patients by PHA test and PCA reaction. The anaphylactic reaction and other adverse reactions due to anti-NCS adtibody production were not demonstrated in patients. Anti-NCS antibody was not detected by these experiments in the dose schedule administered.

"Smoldering acute leukemia", a variant of acute myelogenous leukemia, has been recognized with frequent incidence in recent years. This is chracterized by benign clinical course, poor physical findings, leukopenia and mild anemia in the peripheral blood, and apparent infiltration of abnormal myeloblasts in the bone marrow. Immunological studies of the host defence mechanism were made, because the pathogenesis of its "smoldering" course has never been well understood. Nine cases, seen during last 2 years, were investigated for immunological profile, especially the cellular immunity. Purified protein derivative (PPD) skin test, i.e., tuberculin test, was found to be positive in 8 of 9 cases (88.9%). Dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) sensitization test showed to be positive in 4 of 6 cases examined (66.9%). Peripheral lymphocyte balstogenesis by stimulating with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) was evaluated using the smear counting method. The blastoid lymphocyte ratio was 55% at the median value (range: 31-68%), compared with 63% in normal young control (age: 25-32) and 41% in normal aged control (age: 60-75). In this report, the cellular immunity in smoldering acute leukemia was proved to be preserved at the normal level and to be more competent than that in aged group. The preserved cellular immunity is considered to explain the phenomenon of "smoldering", in other words, the exacerbating proliferation of leukemic cells is suppressed by immuno-surveillance system.