Acta Medica Okayama volume22 issue2

Experimental replacement of inferior vena cava with crimped woven Tetoron arterial graft was performed in dogs. Bypass-graft to thoracic inferior vena cava was not successful in two animals. Total repacement of thoracic inferior vena cava was attempted in four animals, and thoracoabdominal long implantation to inferior vena cava through diaphragm behind liver, followed by excision of thoracic inferior vena cava between the anastomoses, was done in 12 animals. Of these 16 animals, the graft was patent or not occluded in nine at autopsy between the 30th and the 451st day after implantation. Similar thoracoabdminal implantation of a graft reinforced with a steel coil was made in seven animals. Two grafts were patent at autopsy after 37 and 251 days, respectively. Abdominal vena cava replacement with a graft reinforced with a coil was undertaken in three animals. Two grafts were patent at autopsy after 117 and 142 days, respectively. On the whole, long term survival without occlusion over 30 days was obtained in fifteen/twenty-eight animals. Aside from the instances of simple bypassgraft and obvious technical errors in early experiments, it was in fifteen/ eighteen, and the graft was completely patent in ten/eighteen animals. The failures within 30 days resulted mostly from either lung complications or technical errors, and the latter were remarkable in the thoracoabdominal group where the graft reinforced with coil was used, but the application of the coil was very effective in protecting the graft against the compression by the adjacent organs. Tissue reaction to Tetoron was not noticeable and to the silk thread it was very slight and seemed not to affect long term success. By the present method even the total replacement of theracic inferior vena cava can be performed safely under normothermia and thoracoabdominallong implantation to inferior vena cava is also possible with considerable success. In order to prepare a more suitable synthetic graft for vein, it requires further search for harder, lighter, more elastic and physicochemically more stable material. The fabric of venous graft should be preferably more porous and thinner than that of the arterial graft available at the present in order to make the organization within the shortest time possible.

For the purpose of revealing the interaction between macrophages and plasma cells in relation to antibody formation and information for cell specialization, the proliferation of plasma cell by antigenic stimulation was observed in the rats whose RES had been previously injured by radiogold. The production of the circulating antibody was markedly suppressed by the pretreatment with radiogold. Histological observation revealed that the plasma cells and lymphocytes were completely obliterated and the tissues were replaced by the basophilic cells and fibroblastic cells. Lymph nodes which contained less radiogold and expected to be less in cell injury had also lost their lymphocytes, but showed a marked proliferation of plasma cells in the medullary cord and large basophilic cells in the area of lymph follicles. The data suggest that the impaired immune response will be due to the failure of the macrophages in releasing the informational substance for plasma cell specialization and for antibody formation on account of possible inability in metabolizing the ingested antigen by the injured macrophages.

The energy source required for the amino acid incorporation into mitochondrial proteins has been investigated and comparative study has also been made on the rate of the amino acid incorporation in rat liver and rat hepatoma cell mitochondria. 1. The incorporation of amino acid into the protein in intact mitochondria of rat liver increased by about 40% on the addition of α-ketoglutarate and ADP, but no significant increase in the amino acid incorporation was observed on the addition of succinate and ADP. 2. The incorporation of amino acids into mitochondrial proteins was remarkably inhibited by the addition of respiratory inhibitors (cyanide, DNP at a high concentration). 3. The amino acid incorporation into mitochondrial proteins was scarcely or slightly inhibited by the addition of DNP at the concentration of 1×10-4M and insensitive to oligomycin (5 to 10 μg/ml). 4. The amino acid incorporation into the protein in the endogenous substrate system of the mitochondria was considerably inhibited by the addition of arsenite, and this inhibition somewhat recovered on the addition of ADP plus succinate. 5. The rate of the amino acid incorporations between rat liver and hepatoma cell mitochondria was at the same level. 6. Discussions were made on the energy source required for the amino acid incorporation into mitochondrial proteins, on the rate of protein synthesis per mitochondrion isolated from rat liver- and hepatoma cells, and on the possibilities of contamination of bacteria or microsomes and of the adsorption of amino acids onto the mitochondria.

In Anbetracht der oft schwierigen Umgrenzung des Ekg Bildes erschien es von Interesse, an einem gröβeren Personenkreis mit einem neuen Beobachtungssystem Untersuchungen unter dem Gesichtspunkt anzustellen, ob Herzgesunde charakteristische Veränderungen der Herzstromkurve aufweisen. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird im Hinblick auf diese Fragestellung über Rhythmusstörungen im Tagesablauf berichtet, die bei 100 Herzgesunden jüngeren Erwachsenen während einer kontinuierlichen Magnetbandregistrierung von nahezu 24 Stunden Dauer gefunden wurden. AUβerdem wird das Auftreten der RhythmusstOrungen bei "Herzgesunden", mit dem 35 Patienten der "alten Gruppe", die anamnestisch und physiologisch an keiner Herzerkrankung leiden und mit 100 "Koronarleiden" verglichen. 1. Die beobachteten Rhythmusstörungen waren bei allen Gruppen .sehr ausgeprägt, d. h. jede fUr sich 55%, 100%, 97%. 2. Die am häufigsten beobachteten Abweichungen bei allen Gruppen waren Extrasystolen (ES) d. h. 49%, 100%, 97 %. 3. Häufiger fanden sich mehr supraventribuläre ES als ventrikuläre bei Herzgenuden, (31: 29 FäIle), bei der "alten Gruppe" (29: 22 FäIle), nicht dagegen bei "Koronarleiden" (67: 92 FäIle). 4. Von allen ES fanden sich die Kammer-ES am häufigsten. (29, 22, 92 FäIle). 5. Der Schrittmacherwechsel trat nur bei einigen der Herzgesunden und zwar ausschlieBlich nachts während des Schlafes auf. Diese Tatsache müβte auch seine funktionelle Genese bestätigen. 6. Vorhoffimmern und paroxysmale Tachykardien traten bei Herzgesunden nie auf. Derartige Erscheinugen können auβerordentlich bedeutungsvoll sein. 7. Sicherlich ist das Vorhandensein eines Av-Blockes 2. bzw. 3. Grades ein Hinweis auf die Notwendigkeit einer sorgfältigen und kritischen Untersuchung. 8. Wenngleich je nach den Umständen und der Tageszeit des Auftretens für die meisten Kurvenabweichungen und RhythmusstOrungen Änderungen des vegetativen Tonus von wesentlicher Bedeutung sein durften, fanden sie sich bei Personen mit erhöhrter vegetativer Labilität dennoch nicht gehäuft. Aus den Ergebnissen wird der Schluβ gezogen, daβ in der Bewertung der hier beobachteten, meist flüchtigen Veränderungen bei der Ekg-Beurteilung Zurückhaltung geboten ist, Kontroll- und Funktions-Ekg sollten häufiger als üblich zur Abklärung herangezogen werden, ehe die Diagnose einer pathologischen Abweichung gestellt wird.