Acta Medica Okayama 11巻 4号

An outbreak of encephalomeningomyelitis in Ehime·Syuso area from April to June 1956 was clinico-virologically investigated with the materials obtained from 28 hospitalized cases and their healthy visiting relatives. The major rise in polio type I antibody titer and the positive isolation of 4 strains of type I indicate the epidemy in this area to be the polio type 1. Three undeterminable cytopathogenic agents were concomitantly obtained in the HeLa cultures. The style of this episode was duly compared with the documents already reported.

Tyrosine metabolism of toxohormone-treated mice and acatalasemic patient was not disturbed. These facts do not concur with the report of Zannoni and Bert who stated that catalase was an essential factor for the oxidation of p-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid.

By prepariug over 100 thin slices from 77 cases of urinary calculi mainly consisted of vesical calculi and immersing them in various solvents, the solubility of these calculi has been examined by polarization microscopy from the standpoints of the composition and structure of urinary calculi. (1) MgNH4P04·6H20 (struvite) has been found to be most soluble and it is the best example in the dissolution of urinary calculi; and as for the solvents, Versene proved to be the best solvent. (2) The alkaline pH seems to have an intimate relationship with the dissolution of uric acid calculi. (3) Calcium oxalate proved to be insoluble in any solvent. In addition, no difference in its stability against solvents could be recognized in its monohydrate or dihydrate: (4) Cystine dissolved in the 10% Versene solution. (5) Amorphous-like substance apparently was dissolved slightly in 0.5% urease solution at 37°C, however, it is not possible to dissolve this substance completely, From these results calcium oxalate and amorphous-like substance seem to be the most difficult substances to dissolve, and therefore, the bearing they have on the dissolution of urinary calculi seems to most significant. In the present stage where little is known of real etiologic factors concerning the formation of urinary calculi, in the clinical application of the dissolution of stones further studies need to be carried on, but from the very nature of construction of urinary calculi, the local dissolution methods seem to be rather difficult at present, and rather somatic dissolution in connection with prophylaxis against recurrent stones seems to be the direction in which future studies need to be carried out.

The process of hemoglobin sythesis in erythroid cells have been traced mainly by observing cells under the light of 4,060 Å. To scrutinize the theory of hemoglobin synthesis in the nucleus of erythroblasts, several cytochemical and morphological observations were also carried out. The conclusions derived from them are as follows: 1 The absorption at 4,060 Å of the cell, which indicates the location of heme, appeared in the nucleus as early as in the develpmental stage of basophilic erythroblasts. The absorption of hcme in cytoplasm likewise appeared in this stage showing nearly the same intensity of the absorption. The absorption picture of heme in the nucleus, which is coincidental with that of interchromatin, increased along with the progess of maturation as well as in the cytoplasm. The absorption in the nucleus disappeared at the orthochromatic stage where the picture of interchromatin disappeared, while the intensity of absorption in the cytoplasm continued to increase till the stage of reticulocyte. 2 The pseudoperoxidase reaction of hemoglobin, the appearance of acidophlic protein and masked lipids detectable in the location of hemoglobin gave an exactly identical picture with that of the absorption of heme in the nucleus as well as in the cytoplasm. 3 Permeability test performed by supravital staining with Nile blue revealed that the nucleus of erythroblasts from the basophilic to the orthorchromatic stages has increased its permeability being stained selectively as in the case of dead cells. 4 The mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum proved to be retained well in the entire course of hemoglobin synthesis, even after the denucleation, the reticulocyte stage. From these observations the authors believe that the hemoglobin syntheis will take place in the cytoplasm throughout the life cycle of erythroid cells, pointing out that the absorption picturebf heme appearing in the nucleus will be in all likelihood due to the infusion of the hemoglobin from the cytoplasm.

1. Quantitative examinations were made on the effect of benadryl and neoantergan on the histamine release in vitro from chopped skin of dogs and in vivo from rat skin. For estimation of the in vitro histamine release by biological method, a chemical procedure for separating the diffused-out histamine from mixed antihistamines was carried out. 2. Both antihistamines caused a fairly marked release of histamine from chopped skin tissues in comparatively higher concentrations. This action was synergistic with histamine-releasing effect of sinomenine and anaphylatoxin. 3. In lower concentrations, however, both antihistamines inhibited the in vitro histamine-releasing effect of sinomenine and anaphylatoxin. 4. Administration of a comparatively large amount of benadryl markedly depleted the skin histamine of a rat in vivo but smaller amount clearly suppressed the histamine depletion by subsequently administered sinomenine. 5. Based on the evidence of such dual action of antihistamines, some considerations were made on the site of action of these agents.

In our country it has been believed that there is no histoplasmosis here in Japan. However, from the above clinical signs, radiological characteristics, laboratory tests, pathological and mycological examinations, and experimental findings, we believe this is the first case of histoplasmosis in Japan.

In the observations of the pelvic nerves both in the reconstruction model of the pelvis of newborn and that of the extripated specimen after OKABAYASHI's hysterectomy as well as in the observations of pelvic nerves at autopsy, it has been verified that the vesical nerves are extensively extirpated and severed by the radical extensive hysterectomy for cancer of the uterus. Moreover, the micturitional functions after the disruption of communication with the center of micturition in the spinal cord seem to be undertaken by lower peripheral reflex arches located in the vesical wall and in the periurethral region. Therefore, for the recovery of postoperative urinary disturbances, systemic findings as well as findings on the vesical wall seem to be quite important.