検索結果 1312 件
| 著者 | 岡本 五郎| 後藤 信太郎| 植木 啓司| |
|---|---|
| 発行日 | 2008-02 |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学農学部学術報告 |
| 巻 | 97巻 |
| 号 | 1号 |
| 資料タイプ | 紀要論文 |
| 著者 | 李 秀平| 笹川 英夫| |
|---|---|
| 発行日 | 2008-02 |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学農学部学術報告 |
| 巻 | 97巻 |
| 号 | 1号 |
| 資料タイプ | 紀要論文 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/fest/11446 |
|---|---|
| フルテキストURL | 012_091_098.pdf |
| 著者 | Akhtar M. Shahbaz| 沖 陽子| 足立 忠司| Khan Md. H. R.| |
| 抄録 | The potential of a crop favorably respond to breeding/selection and bioengineering programs depends upon the nature and magnitude of genetic variability. For effective selection, information on nature and magnitude of variation in population, association of character with dry matter yield and among themselves and the extent of environmental influence on the expression of these characters are necessary. The estimates of genetic parameters help in understanding the role of various plant traits in establishing the growth behavior of cultivars under a given set of environmental conditions. Genetic analysis leads us to a clear understanding of different morphological, physiological and genetic characters and also the type and extent of their contribution to dry matter yield. Six Brassica cultivars were grown in a P-deficient sandy loam soil for 49 days after sowing. Significant variations were observed for all the characters in all the cultivars used in the experiment. All the characters showed high heritability coupled with high genetic advance. Heritability (h(2)) is an approximate measure of the expression of a character. The highest estimates of broad sense heritability (h(2)= 0.90) and relative expected genetic advance (85.72%) were noted for root dry matter (RDM), while the estimate of expected genetic advance at 10% selection intensity was quite high (ΔG = 85.30c㎡) for leaf area per plant. The estimates of coheritability were positive and relatively higher for rootshoot ratio (RSR) in combination with shoot dry matter (SDM) (coh(2) = 2.002) and phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) (coh(2) = 1.875), whereas coheritability estimates were negative between leaf area per plant and RSR (coh(2) = -0.2010) indicating lack of association between these traits. High heritability with high genetic advance was exhibited by all the studied plant traits of cultivars evidencing that the traits could be further improved through individual plant selection. The innate variations within the Brassica gene-pool impel to drive a concentrated effort to understand the basis of adaptability. Access to the relevant genetic traits and information will provide necessary tools to select the optimal combinations of alleles adapted to local and changing growing environments especially nutrient stress conditions such as phosphorus (P) starvation. |
| キーワード | Brassica Coheritability Genetic advance Genetic variability P-starvation Selection intensity |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告 |
| 発行日 | 2007-03-15 |
| 巻 | 12巻 |
| 号 | 1号 |
| 開始ページ | 91 |
| 終了ページ | 98 |
| ISSN | 1341-9099 |
| 言語 | 英語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 120002313657 |
| タイトル（別表記） | The Characteristics of Trace Metal Distribution of Artificial and Natural-Origin Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) by grain size |
|---|---|
| フルテキストURL | 006_001_029_041.pdf |
| 著者 | 村本 茂樹| 米谷 俊彦| 平岡 直子| 青山 勲| |
| 抄録 | Air pollution caused by suspended particulate matter (SPM) has increased remarkedly in industrial areas, and this has become an emergency issue in the global environment. Atomospheric SPM influences the local ecosystem including various plants and animals. It is necessary to examine the distribution characteristics of such trace metals in fine particulates (especially those with a diameter (φ) of less than 2.1μm). The Environment Agency of the Japanese goverment will complete analysis of the a concentration of suspended particulate matter less than 2.4μm by the end of 1999, and will be examining the relationship between the concentration of suspended particulate matter (0.1-9.0μm) with consideration given to the particle size throughout two years. It became clear that the metals of artificial origin such as Pb, V, Cd, Ni, Cr, existed in fine particulates (0.1 or more 2.0μm). By contrast, the metals of natural origin, such as Ti, Mn, Mg, Sr, mainly existed in coarse Area in Japan. |
| キーワード | Atomospheric Suspended particulate matter (SPM) Natural-origin metal Artificial-origin metal Biological effects |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学資源生物科学研究所報告 |
| 発行日 | 1999 |
| 巻 | 6巻 |
| 号 | 1号 |
| 開始ページ | 29 |
| 終了ページ | 41 |
| ISSN | 0916-930X |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| タイトル（別表記） | Population Increases of the Green Peach Aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer) and Cotton Aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover |
|---|---|
| フルテキストURL | 004_001_059_065.pdf |
| 著者 | 村井 保| 積木 久明| |
| 抄録 | The reproduction of Myzus persicae (Sulz.) on raddish and Aphis gossypii Glover on cucumber was studied at different temperatures. The parameters of population growth in these aphids were calculated by the age-specific fecundities (mx) and survival rate (lx). The net reproductive rate (R0) and intrinsic rate of natural increase (r) of M. persicae were 61.50 and 0.21 at 15℃, and 60.60 and 0.33 at 20℃, respectively. The net reproductive rate (R0) and intrinsic rate of natural increase (r) of A. gossypii were 37.90 and 0.22 at 15℃, 45.70 and 0.32 at 20℃, and 40.60 and 0.42 at 25℃, respectively. |
| キーワード | Population growth Net reproductive rate Intrinsic rate Myzus persicae Aphis gossypii |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学資源生物科学研究所報告 |
| 発行日 | 1996 |
| 巻 | 4巻 |
| 号 | 1号 |
| 開始ページ | 59 |
| 終了ページ | 65 |
| ISSN | 0916-930X |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| タイトル（別表記） | 幼苗期と成熟期のオオムギ系統間における禾穀類アブラムシの密度とグラミン含量の関係 |
|---|---|
| フルテキストURL | 004_001_049_058.pdf |
| 著者 | Moharramipour Saeid| 村田 眞一| 兼久 勝夫| 積木 久明| |
| 抄録 | The relationship between the indole alkaloid gramine concentration and aphid population was examined seedling and maturation stages in 14 barley lines of Hordeum spontaneum and H. unlgare. The density of Schizaphis graminum did not differ significantly with the gramine concentration in the seedling in the greenhouse. However, the population of Rhopalosiphum padi sometimes differed with the seedling. The plant resistance to the natural infestation of cereal aphids was obvious at the heading stage. There was a negative correlation between the high population density of aphids and gramine concentration. The gramine concentration was high in matured resistant resistant lines, especially wild lines, as compared with susceptible lines due to higher biodegradation activity. |
| キーワード | Barley Resistance Gramine Cereal aphids |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学資源生物科学研究所報告 |
| 発行日 | 1996 |
| 巻 | 4巻 |
| 号 | 1号 |
| 開始ページ | 49 |
| 終了ページ | 58 |
| ISSN | 0916-930X |
| 言語 | 英語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| タイトル（別表記） | Genetic Analysis of Large Trichome in Barley Leaf Blade |
|---|---|
| フルテキストURL | 002_001_063_068.pdf |
| 著者 | 佐藤 和広| 武田 和義| |
| 抄録 | The inheritance and linkage relationship of a new hairiness trait "large trichome" was investigated in barley. Although the size of large trichome is about four times that of normal one, the character can not be recognized with the naked eye. However, it is easily identified by the roughness of leaf touch. The large trichomes develop on both sides of the leaf blades. The direction of trichome is both acropetal and basipetal. It is clearly distinguished from the extremely long trichome controlled by Pub gene. About 2,300 varieties of our Barley Germplasm Center were screened by the leaf touch to find nine varieties with large trichome. Two of them were six-rowed local variety from Pakistan, and other seven were two-rowed varieties from Europe and Japan. All of them were hulled type. Crosses of six large trichome varieties with a normal Japanese variety resulted in the large trichome type F1s, suggesting the dominant nature of the trait. The large trichome line Hokuiku 17 was crossed with various linkage testres to study the mode of inheritance and the linkage relationship of the gene. In the F2 populations, the large trichome was controlled by a single dominant gene named Ltr (large trichome), which was independentiy inherited from the following marker genes; br and gl-5 on chromosome 1; li and ν on chromosome 2; uz on chromosome 3; K and gl-3 on chromosome 4; trd on chromosome 5; ο on chromosome 6. On the other hand, from the cross between Hokuiku 17 and OUL166, Ltr was found to be linked with s and fs on chromosome 7. Although the allelism test has not been completed, the very low frequency of the large trichome type (9/2,300) indicates that the variant resulted from a recent mutation event, or the fitness of the variant is low in the natural and/or artificial selection. |
| キーワード | Barley Trichome Linkage analysis |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学資源生物科学研究所報告 |
| 発行日 | 1994 |
| 巻 | 2巻 |
| 号 | 1号 |
| 開始ページ | 63 |
| 終了ページ | 68 |
| ISSN | 0916-930X |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 120002313663 |
| タイトル（別表記） | Hybrid Progenies Virulent to Wheat and Agropyron Derived from a Cross Between Barley Mildew Isolates (Erysiphe graminis DC. f. sp. hordei) |
|---|---|
| フルテキストURL | 001_001_051_059.pdf |
| 著者 | 部田 英雄| 武田 和義| |
| 抄録 | イネ科植物うどんこ病菌（Erysiphe graminis DC.）はコムギ、オオムギ、カモジグサ、ライムギなど多くのイネ科植物に寄生するが、それぞれの菌は宿主特異性によっていくつかのformae specialesに分化しており、例えば、オオムギうどんこ病菌はオオムギ属以外の植物には感染しないといわている。しかしながら、Cherewickはイネ科植物うどんこ病菌について、元々の宿主とは異なる植物に接触する交互接種を試み、カモジグから分離したうどんこ病菌がコムギを犯す事例を見出した。またHardisonはいろいろなイネ科植物から分離したうどんこ病菌を用いて多くの交互接種を行った結果、ほとんどの菌株は2つあるいはそれ以上の属の植物に病原性を持っていることを認めた。さらに、日浦および日浦と部田はコムギうどんこ病菌とカモジグサうどんこ病菌の種間交雑によって得られた後代から、コムギあるいはカモジグサのいずれかに病原性を持つ菌株はもちろん、コムギとカモジグサの両方に病原性を持つ新しい菌株も容易に作れることを報告した。一方、これらの分化型の中にはそれぞれの宿主の品種あるいは系統に対して病原性の異なる多くのphysiologic raceが分化しており、それらの宿主-病原関係には、いわゆるgene for gene仮設が適合すると考えられている。しかしながら、部田はオオムギうどんこ病菌抵抗性遺伝子JMlsnに対して病原性のない菌株h9とH14の交雑後代からJMlsnに病原性のある菌株を作出した。これらの事実はうどんこ病における宿主-病原菌の相互作用が単純な主働遺伝子によるgene for gene仮設では説明し切れないことを示しており、このような非病原性菌株間の交雑後代から病原性のある菌株が脈生する遺伝的な機構を解明することは、うどんこ病抵抗性育種を進める上でも極めて重要であると思われる。 |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学資源生物科学研究所報告 |
| 発行日 | 1992 |
| 巻 | 1巻 |
| 号 | 1号 |
| 開始ページ | 51 |
| 終了ページ | 59 |
| ISSN | 0916-930X |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| 著者 | 北野 待子| 齊藤 邦行| 黒田 俊郎| |
|---|---|
| 発行日 | 2006-02 |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学農学部学術報告 |
| 巻 | 95巻 |
| 号 | 1号 |
| 資料タイプ | 紀要論文 |
| 著者 | 米田 茂男| |
|---|---|
| 発行日 | 1961 |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学農学部学術報告 |
| 巻 | 18巻 |
| 号 | 1号 |
| 資料タイプ | 紀要論文 |
| 著者 | 小泉 憲治| |
|---|---|
| 発行日 | 1960 |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学農学部学術報告 |
| 巻 | 16巻 |
| 号 | 1号 |
| 資料タイプ | 紀要論文 |
| 著者 | 米田 茂男| 河内 知道| 柳井 雅美| |
|---|---|
| 発行日 | 1959 |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学農学部学術報告 |
| 巻 | 14巻 |
| 号 | 1号 |
| 資料タイプ | 紀要論文 |