start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250410 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Enterobacterial common antigen repeat-unit flippase WzxE is required for Escherichia coli growth under acidic conditions, low temperature, and high osmotic stress conditions en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Colanic acid and enterobacterial common antigen (ECA) are cell-surface polysaccharides that are produced by many Escherichia coli isolates. Colanic acid is induced under acidic, low temperature, and high-salt conditions and is important for E. coli resistance to these stresses; however, the role of ECA in these stresses is less clear. Here, we observed that knockout of flippase wzxE, which translocates lipid-linked ECA repeat units from the cytoplasmic side of the inner membrane to the periplasmic side, resulted in the sensitivity of E. coli BW25113 to acidic conditions. The wzxE-knockout mutant showed reduced growth potential and viable counts in vegetable extracts with acidic environments, including cherry tomatoes, carrots, celery, lettuce, and spinach. A double-knockout strain of wzxE and wecF (glycosyltransferase that adds the third-and-final sugar of the lipid-linked ECA repeat unit) was not sensitive to acidic conditions, with similar results obtained for a double-knockout strain of wzxE and wcaJ (glycosyltransferase that initiates colanic acid lipid-linked repeat-unit biosynthesis). The wzxE-knockout mutant was sensitive to low temperatures or high-salt conditions, which induced colanic acid synthesis, and these sensitivities were abolished by the additional knockout of wcaJ. These results suggest that lipid-linked ECA repeat units confer E. coli susceptibility to acidic, low temperatures, and high-salt conditions in a colanic acid-dependent manner and that wzxE suppresses this negative effect. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamaguchiSaki en-aut-sei=Yamaguchi en-aut-mei=Saki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshikawaKazuya en-aut-sei=Ishikawa en-aut-mei=Kazuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FurutaKazuyuki en-aut-sei=Furuta en-aut-mei=Kazuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KaitoChikara en-aut-sei=Kaito en-aut-mei=Chikara kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=wzxE flippase kn-keyword=wzxE flippase en-keyword=enterobacterial common antigen kn-keyword=enterobacterial common antigen en-keyword=low pH kn-keyword=low pH en-keyword=low temperature kn-keyword=low temperature en-keyword=hyperosmotic stress kn-keyword=hyperosmotic stress END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=20241214 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effects of aged microplastics on paddy soil properties and greenhouse gas emissions under laboratory aerobic conditions en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Microplastics (MPs) formed after changes in chemical or physical properties may alter soil properties, which in turn may affect microbial activities and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, few studies have focused on the effects of aged MPs changes on soil properties and greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the impact of MPs with different aging times on soil GHG emissions and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Low-density polyethylene (PE) and polylactic acid (PLA) were treated with ultraviolet (UV) irradiation for 0–2 weeks. Soil was incubated with PE or PLA 1% (w/w) concentration at 60% water holding capacity (WHC) for 35 days. Emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2) were measured on days 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35. Results showed that CO2 and N2O emissions were higher (p < 0.05) in MPs-amended treatments than those without MPs and increased with MPs age. The addition of virgin PE did not affect soil DOC content, whereas aged PE and all PLA additions significantly increased soil DOC content on day 0, probably because UV irradiation caused the degradation of MPs to smaller molecules. In addition, aged MPs addition altered DOC spectral characteristics on day 7, possibly because aged PE and PLA promote microbial decomposition of organic matter by altering soil properties. Changes in soil DOC content and specific ultraviolet absorbance (SUVA) by aged PE and PLA probably promoted the emissions of CO2 and N2O compared to virgin MPs or soil only. Our study revealed that aged PE and PLA promote GHG emissions from soil by changing DOC contents and qualities. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ZhangTian en-aut-sei=Zhang en-aut-mei=Tian kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SomuraHiroaki en-aut-sei=Somura en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkaoSatoshi en-aut-sei=Akao en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakaharaNozomi en-aut-sei=Nakahara en-aut-mei=Nozomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=PereraGamamada Liyanage Erandi Priyangika en-aut-sei=Perera en-aut-mei=Gamamada Liyanage Erandi Priyangika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakanoChiyu en-aut-sei=Nakano en-aut-mei=Chiyu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaedaMorihiro en-aut-sei=Maeda en-aut-mei=Morihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Faculty of Science and Engineering, Doshisha University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Environmental Management Center, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Aged MPs kn-keyword=Aged MPs en-keyword=biodegradable plastics kn-keyword=biodegradable plastics en-keyword=microplastics kn-keyword=microplastics en-keyword=nitrogen transformation kn-keyword=nitrogen transformation en-keyword=organic carbon decomposition kn-keyword=organic carbon decomposition END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=e20220127 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=2023 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Rapid thawing of frozen bull spermatozoa by transient exposure to 70 °C improves the viability, motility and mitochondrial health en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Up to now, the definitive conclusion of the positive effects of rapid transient thawing at higher temperatures for shorter durations has not been obtained yet and is still under discussion due to some contradictory findings and limited assessment of post-thawed parameters. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the effectiveness of rapid thawing in water at 70 °C by using various post-thawed parameters of frozen bull spermatozoa. Experiment 1, monitoring the change of temperature inside frozen bull straw thawed in water at different temperatures. Experiment 2, evaluation of various post-thawed characteristics of frozen bull spermatozoa thawed in water at different temperatures by using a computer-assisted sperm analysis, flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry. The time it took for the temperature inside the straw to warm up to 15 °C was nearly twice as faster when the straw was thawed in 70 °C water compared with 39 °C. Although there were differences among bulls, viability, motility, and mitochondrial membrane potential of spermatozoa thawed at 70 °C for 8 seconds and stabilized at 39 °C for 52 seconds were significantly higher than those of controls (thawed at 39 °C for 60 seconds) at 0 and 3 h after thawing. Just after thawing, however, there were no differences in acrosome integrity and distribution of phospholipase C zeta1, whereas mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production was significantly lower in spermatozoa thawed at 70 °C. From these results, we conclude that rapid thawing at 70 °C and then stabilization at 39 °C significantly improves viability, motility and mitochondrial health of bull spermatozoa rather than conventional thawing at 39 °C. The beneficial effect of rapid transient thawing could be due to shorter exposure to temperatures outside the physiological range, consequently maintaining mitochondrial health. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NguyenHai Thanh en-aut-sei=Nguyen en-aut-mei=Hai Thanh kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=DoSon Quang en-aut-sei=Do en-aut-mei=Son Quang kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=AthurupanaRukmali en-aut-sei=Athurupana en-aut-mei=Rukmali kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=WakaiTakuya en-aut-sei=Wakai en-aut-mei=Takuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=FunahashiHiroaki en-aut-sei=Funahashi en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=bull semen kn-keyword=bull semen en-keyword=cryopreservation process kn-keyword=cryopreservation process en-keyword=phospholipase C zeta1 (PLCZ1) kn-keyword=phospholipase C zeta1 (PLCZ1) en-keyword=temperature of thawing kn-keyword=temperature of thawing END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=78 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=377 end-page=386 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=202410 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Prognostic Efficacy of the Albumin Grade in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We previously found that “albumin grade”, formerly called the “ALBS grade,” demonstrated significant capability for prognostic stratification in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients treated with lenvatinib. The purpose of the present study was to compare the performance of the albumin grade with that of the modified albumin-bilirubin (mALBI) grade in predicting overall survival of HCC patients with different BCLC stages and treatment types. We enrolled 7,645 Japanese patients newly diagnosed with HCC using the Akaike information criteria (AIC), likelihood ratio, and C-index in different Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stages and treatments. The albumin grade showed similar and slightly better performance than the mALBI grade for BCLC stage 0 and A and especially for patients who underwent curative surgery and ablation. In patients treated with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization, molecular targeted agents, and the best supportive care, the mALBI grade had better performance than the albumin grade. However, the differences of the indices were very small in all scenarios. Overall, the albumin grade was comparable in efficacy to the mALBI grade, showing particular benefit for patients with early-stage HCC. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HiranoYuichi en-aut-sei=Hirano en-aut-mei=Yuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NousoKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Nouso en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KariyamaKazuya en-aut-sei=Kariyama en-aut-mei=Kazuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiraokaAtsushi en-aut-sei=Hiraoka en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShiotaShohei en-aut-sei=Shiota en-aut-mei=Shohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=WakutaAkiko en-aut-sei=Wakuta en-aut-mei=Akiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=YasudaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Yasuda en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyodaHidenori en-aut-sei=Toyoda en-aut-mei=Hidenori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsujiKunihiko en-aut-sei=Tsuji en-aut-mei=Kunihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=HatanakaTakeshi en-aut-sei=Hatanaka en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KakizakiSatoru en-aut-sei=Kakizaki en-aut-mei=Satoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaganumaAtsushi en-aut-sei=Naganuma en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=TadaToshifumi en-aut-sei=Tada en-aut-mei=Toshifumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=ItobayashiEi en-aut-sei=Itobayashi en-aut-mei=Ei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshikawaToru en-aut-sei=Ishikawa en-aut-mei=Toru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimadaNoritomo en-aut-sei=Shimada en-aut-mei=Noritomo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakaguchiKoichi en-aut-sei=Takaguchi en-aut-mei=Koichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsutsuiAkemi en-aut-sei=Tsutsui en-aut-mei=Akemi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaganoTakuya en-aut-sei=Nagano en-aut-mei=Takuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImaiMichitaka en-aut-sei=Imai en-aut-mei=Michitaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraShinichiro en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Shinichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=21 ORCID= en-aut-name=KumadaTakashi en-aut-sei=Kumada en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=22 ORCID= en-aut-name=Real-Life Practice Experts for HCC (RELPEC) Study Group in Japan en-aut-sei=Real-Life Practice Experts for HCC (RELPEC) Study Group in Japan en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=23 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology, Okayama City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology, Okayama City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology, Okayama City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Gastroenterology Center, Ehime Prefectural Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology, Okayama City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology, Okayama City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Center of Gastroenterology, Teine Keijinkai Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology, Saiseikai Maebashi Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Clinical Research, NHO Takasaki General Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology, NHO Takasaki General Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Internal Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Society Himeji Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology, Asahi General Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology, Saiseikai Niigata Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Otakanomori Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Hepatology, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of Hepatology, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Department of Hepatology, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology, Niigata Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=21 en-affil=Department of Internal Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Society Himeji Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=22 en-affil=Department of Nursing, Gifu Kyoritsu University kn-affil= affil-num=23 en-affil= kn-affil= en-keyword=albumin grade kn-keyword=albumin grade en-keyword=hepatocellular carcinoma kn-keyword=hepatocellular carcinoma en-keyword=modified albumin-bilirubin grade kn-keyword=modified albumin-bilirubin grade END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=542 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=20240815 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Evaluating the impact of a trial of labor after cesarean section on labor duration: a retrospective cohort study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background Cesarean section (C-section) rates are increasing globally, and repeated C-sections are associated with increased maternal morbidity. Trial of labor after C-section (TOLAC) is an approach to reduce the recurrence of C-sections. However, limited research exists on the impact of cesarean scars on labor duration in TOLAC, considering the termination of labor through C-section and selection bias. This study aimed to investigate the impact of cesarean scars on labor duration in TOLAC participants, accounting for potential confounding factors and biases.
Methods This retrospective cohort study included 2,964 women who attempted vaginal birth at a single center in Japan from 2012 to 2021. The study categorized participants into TOLAC (n = 187) and non-TOLAC (n = 2,777) groups. Propensity scores were calculated based on 14 factors that could influence labor duration, and inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was applied. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis estimated hazard ratios (HRs) for labor duration, with and without IPTW adjustment. Sensitivity analyses used propensity score matching, bootstrapping, and interval censoring to address potential biases, including recall bias in the reported onset of labor.
Results The unadjusted HR for labor duration in the TOLAC group compared to the non-TOLAC group was 0.83 (95% CI: 0.70-0.98, P = 0.027), indicating a longer labor duration in the TOLAC group. After adjusting for confounding factors using IPTW, the HR was 0.98 (95% CI: 0.74-1.30, P = 0.91), suggesting no significant difference in labor duration between the groups. Sensitivity analyses using propensity score matching, bootstrapping, and interval censoring yielded consistent results. These findings suggested that the apparent association between TOLAC and longer labor duration was because of confounding factors rather than TOLAC itself.
Conclusions After adjusting for confounding factors and addressing potential biases, cesarean scars had a limited impact on labor duration in TOLAC participants. Maternal and fetal characteristics may have a more substantial influence on labor duration. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OobaHikaru en-aut-sei=Ooba en-aut-mei=Hikaru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MakiJota en-aut-sei=Maki en-aut-mei=Jota kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasuyamaHisashi en-aut-sei=Masuyama en-aut-mei=Hisashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=Labor duration kn-keyword=Labor duration en-keyword=Trial of labor after cesarean section kn-keyword=Trial of labor after cesarean section en-keyword=Vaginal birth kn-keyword=Vaginal birth en-keyword=Cesarean section kn-keyword=Cesarean section en-keyword=Propensity scores kn-keyword=Propensity scores en-keyword=IPTW kn-keyword=IPTW END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=55 cd-vols= no-issue=12 article-no= start-page=1393 end-page=1398 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=20230818 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effect of the blend ratio of cyclic and linear polyethylene blends on isothermal crystallization in the quiescent state en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The role of entanglements that form between cyclic and linear polymers in crystallization is of particular interest, but it is not fully understood. We investigated the crystallization behaviors of blends of cyclic polyethylene (C-PE) and linear polyethylene (L-PE) in a quiescent state to elucidate the role of this novel entanglement in crystallization. The samples were prepared by mixing the prepared C-PE and L-PE specimens at L-PE weight fraction (ΦL-PE) values of 0–100 wt%, with the weight average molecular weights of C-PE and L-PE being 175 × 103 and 154 × 103, respectively. The isothermal crystallization behaviors were analyzed through polarizing optical microscopy (POM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The morphology observed through POM was similar to that of ΦL-PE. From the time evolution of the heat flow measured via DSC, we obtained the half-crystallization time (t1/2) values as functions of ΦL-PE at different degrees of supercooling (ΔT). The 1/t1/2 values of the C-PE and L-PE homopolymers were approximately the same at ΔT = 25.5 and 26.5 K. At a larger ΔT value, the 1/t1/2 value of C-PE was significantly larger than that of L-PE. In contrast, 1/t1/2 reached a minimum value at ΦL-PE = 30–40 wt%, irrespective of ΔT. As the entanglement density increased with increasing ΦL-PE, the crystallization rate was expected to decrease monotonically. By considering the experimental relationship between 1/t1/2 and ΦL-PE, we speculated that the suppression of crystallization in the blended system was caused by a novel entanglement formed by the penetration of the L-PE chain into the C-PE chain. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KobayashiKeiko en-aut-sei=Kobayashi en-aut-mei=Keiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=AtarashiHironori en-aut-sei=Atarashi en-aut-mei=Hironori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamazakiShinichi en-aut-sei=Yamazaki en-aut-mei=Shinichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimuraKunio en-aut-sei=Kimura en-aut-mei=Kunio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=205 cd-vols= no-issue=10 article-no= start-page=346 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=20230929 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Flavobacterium okayamense sp. nov. isolated from surface seawater en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Strain KK2020170T, a Gram-stain negative, yellow colony-forming bacterium, was isolated from surface seawater sampled in Kojima Bay, Okayama, Japan. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene revealed that strain KK2020170T belongs to the genus Flavobacterium, with Flavobacterium haoranii LQY-7T (98.1% similarity) being its closest relative, followed by Flavobacterium sediminis MEBiC07310T (96.9%) and Flavobacterium urocaniciphilum YIT 12746T (96.0%). Whole-genome shotgun sequencing showed that strain KK2020170T, when paralleled with F. haoranii LQY-7 T, had 81.3% average nucleotide identity, and 24.6% in silico DNA–DNA hybridization values, respectively. The DNA G + C content of strain KK2020170T was 31.1 mol%. The most abundant fatty acids (> 10%) of strain KK2020170T were iso-C15: 0, iso-C17: 0 3-OH and iso-C15: 1 G. The dominant respiratory quinone of the strain was menaquinone MK-6. Based on the phylogenetic and phenotypic analysis results, we propose that strain KK2020170T represents a novel species, for which the name Flavobacterium okayamense sp. nov. has been proposed. The type strain is KK2020170T (= ATCC TSD-280 T = NBRC 115344 T). en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KitaharaKei en-aut-sei=Kitahara en-aut-mei=Kei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MuzemboBasilua Andre en-aut-sei=Muzembo en-aut-mei=Basilua Andre kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorohoshiSho en-aut-sei=Morohoshi en-aut-mei=Sho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KunihiroTadao en-aut-sei=Kunihiro en-aut-mei=Tadao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TazatoNozomi en-aut-sei=Tazato en-aut-mei=Nozomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhnoAyumu en-aut-sei=Ohno en-aut-mei=Ayumu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=UesakaKazuma en-aut-sei=Uesaka en-aut-mei=Kazuma kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaniguchiMakoto en-aut-sei=Taniguchi en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyoshiShin-ichi en-aut-sei=Miyoshi en-aut-mei=Shin-ichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=TechnoSuruga Laboratory Co., Ltd kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=TechnoSuruga Laboratory Co., Ltd kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=TechnoSuruga Laboratory Co., Ltd kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Oral Microbiome Center, Taniguchi Dental Clinic kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Bacteroidota kn-keyword=Bacteroidota en-keyword=Flavobacterium kn-keyword=Flavobacterium en-keyword=New taxa kn-keyword=New taxa en-keyword=Sea water kn-keyword=Sea water END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=143 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=110894 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=202403 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=First-principles molecular dynamics simulations for the properties of boron-doped tetrahedral amorphous carbon en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Based on first-principles molecular dynamics (FPMD) simulations combined with a liquid quenching method, we study the effects of boron doping at 0 %, 2 %, 4 %, 6 % on the properties of tetrahedral amorphous carbon (ta-C) with an initial density of 3.0 g/cm3. The results of bond structures and internal stress show the promotion of graphitization with increase in the concentration of boron doping. In addition, simulation of electronic states reveals that the Fermi level shifts to valence band and the intensity of density of electronic states near Fermi level increases with the boron concentration increasing. A covalent bond formation between carbon and boron atoms is also shown by analyzing projected densities of electronic states (PDOS) and electron density distribution. The results of electronic state and bond formation strongly indicate that the boron-doped ta-C is like a p-type semiconductor. The present simulation results provide useful information for deeper understanding on the physical properties of boron-doped ta-C. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YueQiang en-aut-sei=Yue en-aut-mei=Qiang kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YokoyaTakayoshi en-aut-sei=Yokoya en-aut-mei=Takayoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MuraokaYuji en-aut-sei=Muraoka en-aut-mei=Yuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Boron-doped tetrahedral amorphous carbon kn-keyword=Boron-doped tetrahedral amorphous carbon en-keyword=First-principles molecular dynamics kn-keyword=First-principles molecular dynamics en-keyword=Liquid quenching method kn-keyword=Liquid quenching method END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=78 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=79 end-page=83 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=202402 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Utility of Combined Use of Transabdominal Ultrasonography and Fecal Immunochemical Test Examinations in Ulcerative Colitis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This study examined the utility of the combined use of transabdominal ultrasonography (TUS) and fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) to detect mucosal inflammation, vis-a-vis the Mayo endoscopic subscore (MES), in ulcerative colitis (UC). Sixty-three UC patients who underwent TUS and FIT were retrospectively enrolled. For TUS, the colon was divided into five segments, and the bowel wall thickness was measured and evaluated. The accuracy of FIT (> 100 ng/ml) in detecting mucosal inflammation (MES>0) was 0.93, whereas that of TUS (BWT>2 mm) in each segment was 0.84-0.97. The combined use of TUS and FIT may be helpful in noninvasive treatment strategies. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakaharaMasahiro en-aut-sei=Takahara en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiraokaSakiko en-aut-sei=Hiraoka en-aut-mei=Sakiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhmoriMasayasu en-aut-sei=Ohmori en-aut-mei=Masayasu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeuchiKeiko en-aut-sei=Takeuchi en-aut-mei=Keiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeiKensuke en-aut-sei=Takei en-aut-mei=Kensuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=AoyamaYuki en-aut-sei=Aoyama en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=YasutomiEriko en-aut-sei=Yasutomi en-aut-mei=Eriko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=IgawaShoko en-aut-sei=Igawa en-aut-mei=Shoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=InokuchiToshihiro en-aut-sei=Inokuchi en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyosawaJunki en-aut-sei=Toyosawa en-aut-mei=Junki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamasakiYasushi en-aut-sei=Yamasaki en-aut-mei=Yasushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=KinugasaHideaki en-aut-sei=Kinugasa en-aut-mei=Hideaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaradaKeita en-aut-sei=Harada en-aut-mei=Keita kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=OnishiHideki en-aut-sei=Onishi en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkadaHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=transabdominal ultrasonography kn-keyword=transabdominal ultrasonography en-keyword=fecal immunochemical test kn-keyword=fecal immunochemical test en-keyword=ulcerative colitis kn-keyword=ulcerative colitis en-keyword=Mayo endoscopic subscore kn-keyword=Mayo endoscopic subscore END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=77 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=471 end-page=478 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=202310 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Low Patient Weight and Long Intubation Time Are Key Factors for Pain during Colonoscopy en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Although the clinical usefulness of colonoscopy has been established, the procedure remains painful for many patients. This study was designed to clarify the factors predicting colonoscopy-related pain. We evaluated 283 consecutive patients who completed a first-ever, total colonoscopy without sedatives or analgesics. The severity of pain symptoms was evaluated by a numeric rating scale (NRS) in a questionnaire immediately after the colonoscopy. Patient backgrounds and endoscopic findings were analyzed to evaluate their association with pain. Out of 283 patients, 53 scored their pain 0-1 on the NRS while 48 scored it 6-10. We defined the colonoscopies of the former and latter patients as painless and painful, respectively, and compared the two. Multivariate analyses revealed that low body weight (OR 4.95, 95%CI 1.89-12.99) and longer intubation time (OR 3.63, 95%CI 1.46-9.03) were significant risk factors for painful colonoscopy. To identify factors contributing to the increased intubation time, we divided subjects into short- and long-intubation-time groups based on a median insertion time of 7 min. Older age (OR 2.28, 95%CI 1.31-3.98), previous abdominal surgery (OR 1.93, 95%CI 1.13-3.32) and findings of invasive cancer (OR 10.90, 95%CI 1.34-88.90) were significant factors for longer intubation time. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkaShohei en-aut-sei=Oka en-aut-mei=Shohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaradaKeita en-aut-sei=Harada en-aut-mei=Keita kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoShumpei en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Shumpei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YasutomiEriko en-aut-sei=Yasutomi en-aut-mei=Eriko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=IgawaShoko en-aut-sei=Igawa en-aut-mei=Shoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhmoriMasayasu en-aut-sei=Ohmori en-aut-mei=Masayasu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiraiMami en-aut-sei=Hirai en-aut-mei=Mami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamasakiYasushi en-aut-sei=Yamasaki en-aut-mei=Yasushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=InokuchiToshihiro en-aut-sei=Inokuchi en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=KinugasaHideaki en-aut-sei=Kinugasa en-aut-mei=Hideaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakaharaMasahiro en-aut-sei=Takahara en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiraokaSakiko en-aut-sei=Hiraoka en-aut-mei=Sakiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkadaHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=colonoscopy kn-keyword=colonoscopy en-keyword=colonoscopy-related pain kn-keyword=colonoscopy-related pain en-keyword=comfortable colonoscopy kn-keyword=comfortable colonoscopy END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=77 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=371 end-page=375 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=202308 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Relationship between the Arthroscopic Findings and Pathology of Greater Trochanteric Pain Syndrome en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In recent publications on greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS), the pathology receiving the most attention has been gluteus medius muscle tendinous injury, and surgical techniques such as gluteus medius tendon repair and their outcomes for GTPS have been reported. In our department-related facilities, arthroscopic surgeries are routinely performed for the patients with recalcitrant GTPS. A total of 51 patients were diagnosed with GTPS. Surgical treatment was carried out 22 patients (24 joints; 4 males and 18 females; mean age at surgery of 52.0 years). Arthroscopic findings confirmed bursitis in all 24 joints. In all cases, debridement of the greater trochanter bursa provided rapid relief of greater trochanter pain. The Numerical Rating Scale showed significant improvement, from the preoperative mean of 7.8 (range, 6-10) to the postoperative day 7 mean of 1.6 (range, 0-3). The modified Harris Hip Score was significantly improved from the preoperative mean of 65.5 (range, 52.5-78.3) to the final follow-up (average 2.9 months) mean of 96.0 (range, 85.2-100). Fascial damage of the gluteus medius muscle was observed in 21 joints while only 2 patients had a gluteus medius tendinous injury. Greater trochanteric bursitis and fascia or muscle-fiber injury of the gluteus medius muscle are the most common pathologies in patients with lateral hip pain. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IwamotoYosuke en-aut-sei=Iwamoto en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KayaMitsunori en-aut-sei=Kaya en-aut-mei=Mitsunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KijimaHiroaki en-aut-sei=Kijima en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiiMasashi en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Masashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagahataItsuki en-aut-sei=Nagahata en-aut-mei=Itsuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyakoshiNaohisa en-aut-sei=Miyakoshi en-aut-mei=Naohisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Kaya Orthopedic Surgery Sports Clinic kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Akita Hip Research Group kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Akita Hip Research Group kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= en-keyword=greater trochanteric pain syndrome kn-keyword=greater trochanteric pain syndrome en-keyword=endoscopic findings kn-keyword=endoscopic findings en-keyword=bursitis kn-keyword=bursitis END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=8954 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=20230602 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Refining the evolutionary tree of the horse Y chromosome en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The Y chromosome carries information about the demography of paternal lineages, and thus, can prove invaluable for retracing both the evolutionary trajectory of wild animals and the breeding history of domesticates. In horses, the Y chromosome shows a limited, but highly informative, sequence diversity, supporting the increasing breeding influence of Oriental lineages during the last 1500 years. Here, we augment the primary horse Y-phylogeny, which is currently mainly based on modern horse breeds of economic interest, with haplotypes (HT) segregating in remote horse populations around the world. We analyze target enriched sequencing data of 5 Mb of the Y chromosome from 76 domestic males, together with 89 whole genome sequenced domestic males and five Przewalski's horses from previous studies. The resulting phylogeny comprises 153 HTs defined by 2966 variants and offers unprecedented resolution into the history of horse paternal lineages. It reveals the presence of a remarkable number of previously unknown haplogroups in Mongolian horses and insular populations. Phylogenetic placement of HTs retrieved from 163 archaeological specimens further indicates that most of the present-day Y-chromosomal variation evolved after the domestication process that started around 4200 years ago in the Western Eurasian steppes. Our comprehensive phylogeny significantly reduces ascertainment bias and constitutes a robust evolutionary framework for analyzing horse population dynamics and diversity. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=BozlakElif en-aut-sei=Bozlak en-aut-mei=Elif kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=RadovicLara en-aut-sei=Radovic en-aut-mei=Lara kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=RemerViktoria en-aut-sei=Remer en-aut-mei=Viktoria kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=RiglerDoris en-aut-sei=Rigler en-aut-mei=Doris kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=AllenLucy en-aut-sei=Allen en-aut-mei=Lucy kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=BremGottfried en-aut-sei=Brem en-aut-mei=Gottfried kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=StalderGabrielle en-aut-sei=Stalder en-aut-mei=Gabrielle kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=CastanedaCaitlin en-aut-sei=Castaneda en-aut-mei=Caitlin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=CothranGus en-aut-sei=Cothran en-aut-mei=Gus kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=RaudseppTerje en-aut-sei=Raudsepp en-aut-mei=Terje kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkudaYu en-aut-sei=Okuda en-aut-mei=Yu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoeKyaw Kyaw en-aut-sei=Moe en-aut-mei=Kyaw Kyaw kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoeHla Hla en-aut-sei=Moe en-aut-mei=Hla Hla kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=KounnavongsaBounthavone en-aut-sei=Kounnavongsa en-aut-mei=Bounthavone kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=KeonouchanhSoukanh en-aut-sei=Keonouchanh en-aut-mei=Soukanh kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=VanNguyen Huu en-aut-sei=Van en-aut-mei=Nguyen Huu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=VuVan Hai en-aut-sei=Vu en-aut-mei=Van Hai kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShahManoj Kumar en-aut-sei=Shah en-aut-mei=Manoj Kumar kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiboriMasahide en-aut-sei=Nishibori en-aut-mei=Masahide kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=KazymbetPolat en-aut-sei=Kazymbet en-aut-mei=Polat kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= en-aut-name=BakhtinMeirat en-aut-sei=Bakhtin en-aut-mei=Meirat kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=21 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhunushovAsankadyr en-aut-sei=Zhunushov en-aut-mei=Asankadyr kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=22 ORCID= en-aut-name=PaulRipon Chandra en-aut-sei=Paul en-aut-mei=Ripon Chandra kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=23 ORCID= en-aut-name=DashnyamBumbein en-aut-sei=Dashnyam en-aut-mei=Bumbein kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=24 ORCID= en-aut-name=NozawaKen en-aut-sei=Nozawa en-aut-mei=Ken kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=25 ORCID= en-aut-name=AlmarzookSaria en-aut-sei=Almarzook en-aut-mei=Saria kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=26 ORCID= en-aut-name=BrockmannGudrun A. en-aut-sei=Brockmann en-aut-mei=Gudrun A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=27 ORCID= en-aut-name=ReissmannMonika en-aut-sei=Reissmann en-aut-mei=Monika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=28 ORCID= en-aut-name=AntczakDouglas F. en-aut-sei=Antczak en-aut-mei=Douglas F. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=29 ORCID= en-aut-name=MillerDonald C. en-aut-sei=Miller en-aut-mei=Donald C. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=30 ORCID= en-aut-name=SadeghiRaheleh en-aut-sei=Sadeghi en-aut-mei=Raheleh kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=31 ORCID= en-aut-name=Butler-WemkenInes von en-aut-sei=Butler-Wemken en-aut-mei=Ines von kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=32 ORCID= en-aut-name=KostarasNikos en-aut-sei=Kostaras en-aut-mei=Nikos kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=33 ORCID= en-aut-name=HanHaige en-aut-sei=Han en-aut-mei=Haige kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=34 ORCID= en-aut-name=ManglaiDugarjaviin en-aut-sei=Manglai en-aut-mei=Dugarjaviin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=35 ORCID= en-aut-name=AbdurasulovAbdugani en-aut-sei=Abdurasulov en-aut-mei=Abdugani kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=36 ORCID= en-aut-name=SukhbaatarBoldbaatar en-aut-sei=Sukhbaatar en-aut-mei=Boldbaatar kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=37 ORCID= en-aut-name=Ropka-MolikKatarzyna en-aut-sei=Ropka-Molik en-aut-mei=Katarzyna kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=38 ORCID= en-aut-name=Stefaniuk-SzmukierMonika en-aut-sei=Stefaniuk-Szmukier en-aut-mei=Monika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=39 ORCID= en-aut-name=LopesMaria Susana en-aut-sei=Lopes en-aut-mei=Maria Susana kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=40 ORCID= en-aut-name=MachadoArtur da Câmara en-aut-sei=Machado en-aut-mei=Artur da Câmara kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=41 ORCID= en-aut-name=KalashnikovValery V. en-aut-sei=Kalashnikov en-aut-mei=Valery V. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=42 ORCID= en-aut-name=KalinkovaLiliya en-aut-sei=Kalinkova en-aut-mei=Liliya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=43 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZaitevAlexander M. en-aut-sei=Zaitev en-aut-mei=Alexander M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=44 ORCID= en-aut-name=Novoa-BravoMiguel en-aut-sei=Novoa-Bravo en-aut-mei=Miguel kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=45 ORCID= en-aut-name=LindgrenGabriella en-aut-sei=Lindgren en-aut-mei=Gabriella kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=46 ORCID= en-aut-name=BrooksSamantha en-aut-sei=Brooks en-aut-mei=Samantha kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=47 ORCID= en-aut-name=RosaLaura Patterson en-aut-sei=Rosa en-aut-mei=Laura Patterson kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=48 ORCID= en-aut-name=OrlandoLudovic en-aut-sei=Orlando en-aut-mei=Ludovic kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=49 ORCID= en-aut-name=JurasRytis en-aut-sei=Juras en-aut-mei=Rytis kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=50 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuniedaTetsuo en-aut-sei=Kunieda en-aut-mei=Tetsuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=51 ORCID= en-aut-name=WallnerBarbara en-aut-sei=Wallner en-aut-mei=Barbara kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=52 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Research Institute of Wildlife Ecology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Museum of Dinosaur Research, Okayama University of Science kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Veterinary Science kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, University of Veterinary Science kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=National Agriculture and Forestry Research Institute (Lao) Resources, Livestock Research Center kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, University of Agriculture and Forestry, Hue University kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, University of Agriculture and Forestry, Hue University kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, University of Agriculture and Forestry, Hue University kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Faculty of Animal Science, Veterinary Science and Fisheries, Agriculture and Forestry University kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Radiobiological Research Institute, JSC Astana Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=21 en-affil=Institute of Biotechnology, National Academy of Sciences of the Kyrgyz Republic kn-affil= affil-num=22 en-affil=Institute of Biotechnology, National Academy of Sciences of the Kyrgyz Republic kn-affil= affil-num=23 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=24 en-affil=Institute of Biological Sciences, Mongolian Academy of Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=25 en-affil=Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=26 en-affil=Albrecht Daniel Thaer‑Institut, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin kn-affil= affil-num=27 en-affil=Albrecht Daniel Thaer‑Institut, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin kn-affil= affil-num=28 en-affil=Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University kn-affil= affil-num=29 en-affil=Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University kn-affil= affil-num=30 en-affil=Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University kn-affil= affil-num=31 en-affil=Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University kn-affil= affil-num=32 en-affil=Barb Horse Breeding Organisation VFZB E. V., Verein der Freunde und Züchter Des Berberpferdes E.V. kn-affil= affil-num=33 en-affil=Amaltheia kn-affil= affil-num=34 en-affil=Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, Equine Research Center, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University kn-affil= affil-num=35 en-affil=Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, Equine Research Center, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University kn-affil= affil-num=36 en-affil=Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Geography, Osh State University kn-affil= affil-num=37 en-affil=Sector of Surveillance and Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases, State Central Veterinary Laboratory kn-affil= affil-num=38 en-affil=National Research Institute of Animal Production, Animal Molecular Biology kn-affil= affil-num=39 en-affil=National Research Institute of Animal Production, Animal Molecular Biology kn-affil= affil-num=40 en-affil=Biotechnology Centre of Azores, University of Azores kn-affil= affil-num=41 en-affil=Biotechnology Centre of Azores, University of Azores kn-affil= affil-num=42 en-affil=All-Russian Research Institute for Horse Breeding kn-affil= affil-num=43 en-affil=All-Russian Research Institute for Horse Breeding kn-affil= affil-num=44 en-affil=All-Russian Research Institute for Horse Breeding kn-affil= affil-num=45 en-affil=Genética Animal de Colombia SAS. kn-affil= affil-num=46 en-affil=Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=47 en-affil=Department of Animal Science, UF Genetics Institute, University of Florida kn-affil= affil-num=48 en-affil=Department of Agriculture and Industry, Sul Ross State University kn-affil= affil-num=49 en-affil=Centre d’Anthropobiologie et de Génomique de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier kn-affil= affil-num=50 en-affil=School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University kn-affil= affil-num=51 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=52 en-affil=Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=7 article-no= start-page=714 end-page=738 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=20230519 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1/CCL2 is a promoter of breast cancer metastasis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer worldwide, and metastasis is the leading cause of death in cancer patients. Human monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL2) was isolated from the culture supernatants of not only mitogen-activated peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes but also malignant glioma cells based on its in vitro chemotactic activity toward human monocytes. MCP-1 was subsequently found to be identical to a previously described tumor cell-derived chemotactic factor thought to be responsible for the accumulation of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), and it became a candidate target of clinical intervention; however, the role of TAMs in cancer development was still controversial at the time of the discovery of MCP-1. The in vivo role of MCP-1 in cancer progression was first evaluated by examining human cancer tissues, including breast cancers. Positive correlations between the level of MCP-1 production in tumors and the degree of TAM infiltration and cancer progression were established. The contribution of MCP-1 to the growth of primary tumors and metastasis to the lung, bone, and brain was examined in mouse breast cancer models. The results of these studies strongly suggested that MCP-1 is a promoter of breast cancer metastasis to the lung and brain but not bone. Potential mechanisms of MCP-1 production in the breast cancer microenvironment have also been reported. In the present manuscript, we review studies in which the role of MCP-1 in breast cancer development and progression and the mechanisms of its production were examined and attempt to draw a consensus and discuss the potential use of MCP-1 as a biomarker for diagnosis. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YoshimuraTeizo en-aut-sei=Yoshimura en-aut-mei=Teizo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=LiChunning en-aut-sei=Li en-aut-mei=Chunning kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=WangYuze en-aut-sei=Wang en-aut-mei=Yuze kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsukawaAkihiro en-aut-sei=Matsukawa en-aut-mei=Akihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Breast cancer kn-keyword=Breast cancer en-keyword=chemokines kn-keyword=chemokines en-keyword=chemokine receptors kn-keyword=chemokine receptors en-keyword=metastasis kn-keyword=metastasis en-keyword=macrophages kn-keyword=macrophages END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=77 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=291 end-page=299 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=202306 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Comparison of the Efficacy of Plastic Stent Placement Above and Across the Sphincter of Oddi for Benign Biliary Hilar Stricture en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We investigated the efficacy and safety of endoscopic plastic stent (PS) placement for hilar benign biliary strictures (BBSs) and compared cases with PS placement above (inside stent, IS) and across (usual stent, US) the sphincter of Oddi. Patients who underwent initial endoscopic PS placement for hilar BBSs between August 2012 and December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Hilar BBSs in 88 patients were investigated. Clinical success was achieved in 81 of these cases (92.0%), including 38 patients in the IS group and 43 patients in the US group. Unexpected stent exchange (uSE) before the first scheduled PS exchange occurred in 18 cases (22.2%). The median time from first stent placement to uSE was 35 days. There was no significant difference in the rate and median time to uSE between the two groups. The rates of adverse events such as pancreatitis or cholangitis in the two groups did not significantly differ. However, the rate of difficult stent removal in the IS group (15.8%) was significantly higher than that in the US group (0%) (p=0.0019). US placement is preferable to IS placement for scheduled stent exchange, as it offers the same effectiveness and risk of adverse events with easier stent removal. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HimeiHitomi en-aut-sei=Himei en-aut-mei=Hitomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoHironari en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Hironari kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaragaiYosuke en-aut-sei=Saragai en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiiYuki en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamazakiTatsuhiro en-aut-sei=Yamazaki en-aut-mei=Tatsuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=UchidaDaisuke en-aut-sei=Uchida en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoKazuyuki en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Kazuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=HoriguchiShigeru en-aut-sei=Horiguchi en-aut-mei=Shigeru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsutsumiKoichiro en-aut-sei=Tsutsumi en-aut-mei=Koichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkadaHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=benign biliary stricture kn-keyword=benign biliary stricture en-keyword=inside stent kn-keyword=inside stent en-keyword=plastic stent kn-keyword=plastic stent END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=77 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=273 end-page=280 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=202306 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Usefulness of Simple Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging for Head and Neck Tumors: An Early Clinical Study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Diffusion kurtosis (DK) imaging (DKI), a type of restricted diffusion-weighted imaging, has been reported to be useful for tumor diagnoses in clinical studies. We developed a software program to simultaneously create DK images with apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps and conducted an initial clinical study. Multi-shot echo-planar diffusion-weighted images were obtained at b-values of 0, 400, and 800 sec/mm2 for simple DKI, and DK images were created simultaneously with the ADC map. The usefulness of the DK image and ADC map was evaluated using a pixel analysis of all pixels and a median analysis of the pixels of each case. Tumor and normal tissues differed significantly in both pixel and median analyses. In the pixel analysis, the area under the curve was 0.64 for the mean kurtosis (MK) value and 0.77 for the ADC value. In the median analysis, the MK value was 0.74, and the ADC value was 0.75. The MK and ADC values correlated moderately in the pixel analysis and strongly in the median analysis. Our simple DKI system created DK images simultaneously with ADC maps, and the obtained MK and ADC values were useful for differentiating head and neck tumors from normal tissue. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShimizuYudai en-aut-sei=Shimizu en-aut-mei=Yudai kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KurodaMasahiro en-aut-sei=Kuroda en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamitsuYuki en-aut-sei=Nakamitsu en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=Al-HammadWlla E. en-aut-sei=Al-Hammad en-aut-mei=Wlla E. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaSuzuka en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Suzuka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukumuraYuka en-aut-sei=Fukumura en-aut-mei=Yuka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraYoshihide en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Yoshihide kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KurodaKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Kuroda en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=KamizakiRyo en-aut-sei=Kamizaki en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImajohSatoshi en-aut-sei=Imajoh en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanabeYoshinori en-aut-sei=Tanabe en-aut-mei=Yoshinori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugimotoKohei en-aut-sei=Sugimoto en-aut-mei=Kohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=OitaMasataka en-aut-sei=Oita en-aut-mei=Masataka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugiantoIrfan en-aut-sei=Sugianto en-aut-mei=Irfan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=BamgboseBabatunde O. en-aut-sei=Bamgbose en-aut-mei=Babatunde O. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanagiYoshinobu en-aut-sei=Yanagi en-aut-mei=Yoshinobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsaumiJunichi en-aut-sei=Asaumi en-aut-mei=Junichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Sciences and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Sciences and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Oral Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Hasanuddin University kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Bayero University kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Dental Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=simple diffusion kurtosis imaging kn-keyword=simple diffusion kurtosis imaging en-keyword=mean kurtosis kn-keyword=mean kurtosis en-keyword=clinical trial kn-keyword=clinical trial en-keyword=head and neck tumor kn-keyword=head and neck tumor en-keyword=magnetic resonance imaging kn-keyword=magnetic resonance imaging END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=77 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=263 end-page=272 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=202306 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Early Fluid Balance Is Associated with 90-Day Mortality in Patients Receiving Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) is widely used to control fluid balance, but the optimal fluid balance to improve the prognosis of patients remains debated. Appropriate fluid management may depend on hemodynamic status. We investigated the association between 90-day mortality and fluid balance/mean arterial pressure (MAP) in patients receiving CRRT. This single-center retrospective study was conducted between May 2018 and March 2021. Based on the cumulative fluid balance at 72 h after initiation of CRRT, the cases were divided into negative (< 0 mL) and positive (> 0 mL) fluid balance groups. Ninety-day mortality was higher in the positive fluid balance group (p=0.009). At 4 h before and after CRRT initiation, the mean MAP was lower in the positive fluid balance group (p<0.05). After multivariate cox adjustment, 72-h positive fluid balance was independently associated with 90-day mortality (p=0.004). In addition, the cumulative fluid balance was associated with 90-day mortality (p<0.05) in cases without shock, high APACHE II score, sepsis, dialysis dependence, or vasopressor use. A 72-h positive fluid balance was associated with 90-day mortality in patients receiving CRRT. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=GuoYusheng en-aut-sei=Guo en-aut-mei=Yusheng kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KosakaJunko en-aut-sei=Kosaka en-aut-mei=Junko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorimatsuHiroshi en-aut-sei=Morimatsu en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=fluid management kn-keyword=fluid management en-keyword=continuous renal replacement therapy kn-keyword=continuous renal replacement therapy en-keyword=mortality kn-keyword=mortality en-keyword=mean arterial pressure kn-keyword=mean arterial pressure en-keyword=daily cumulative fluid balance kn-keyword=daily cumulative fluid balance END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=77 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=235 end-page=241 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=202306 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Endocrinological Changes after Anamorelin Administration in Patients with Gastrointestinal Cancer en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Changes in hormone levels in patients with cancer cachexia after anamorelin administration have not been fully investigated. This study aimed to determine how anamorelin affects the endocrine system in patients with gastrointestinal cancer and cachexia. We prospectively enrolled 13 patients and comprehensively investigated their body weight and levels of serum albumin, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and hormones before (week 0) and 3 and 12 weeks after anamorelin administration. The variables were evaluated at week 3 in 9 patients and at week 12 in 5 patients. At week 3, anamorelin administration resulted in body weight gain and increased the levels of growth hormone and HbA1c, as well as insulin-like growth factor-1 standard deviation scores (IGF-1 SD scores). At the same time, negative correlations were observed between ΔIGF-1 SD score and Δthyroidstimulating hormone (TSH) and between ΔIGF-1 SD score and Δfree testosterone. ΔBody weight and ΔIGF-1 SD score correlated positively at week 12. These results suggest that TSH and free testosterone levels can be affected 3 weeks after anamorelin administration; however, those variables tend to return to a state of equilibrium, and anabolic effects of anamorelin appear in long-term (≥ 12 weeks) users. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KuraokaSakiko en-aut-sei=Kuraoka en-aut-mei=Sakiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwamuroMasaya en-aut-sei=Iwamuro en-aut-mei=Masaya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatomiTakuya en-aut-sei=Satomi en-aut-mei=Takuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamazakiTatsuhiro en-aut-sei=Yamazaki en-aut-mei=Tatsuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HamadaKenta en-aut-sei=Hamada en-aut-mei=Kenta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonoYoshiyasu en-aut-sei=Kono en-aut-mei=Yoshiyasu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanzakiHiromitsu en-aut-sei=Kanzaki en-aut-mei=Hiromitsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoHironari en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Hironari kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaFumio en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Fumio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkadaHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=anamorelin kn-keyword=anamorelin en-keyword=body weight kn-keyword=body weight en-keyword=cancer cachexia kn-keyword=cancer cachexia en-keyword=endocrine system kn-keyword=endocrine system END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=19 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=20230508 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=An investigation of the internal morphology of asbestos ferruginous bodies: constraining their role in the onset of malignant mesothelioma en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background　Asbestos is a fibrous mineral that was widely used in the past. However, asbestos inhalation is associated with an aggressive type of cancer known as malignant mesothelioma (MM). After inhalation, an iron-rich coat forms around the asbestos fibres, together the coat and fibre are termed an "asbestos ferruginous body" (AFB). AFBs are the main features associated with asbestos-induced MM. Whilst several studies have investigated the external morphology of AFBs, none have characterised the internal morphology. Here, cross-sections of multiple AFBs from two smokers and two non-smokers are compared to investigate the effects of smoking on the onset and growth of AFBs. Morphological and chemical observations of AFBs were undertaken by transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy and selected area diffraction.
Results　The AFBs of all patients were composed of concentric layers of 2-line or 6-line ferrihydrite, with small spherical features being observed on the outside of the AFBs and within the cross-sections. The spherical components are of a similar size to Fe-rich inclusions found within macrophages from mice injected with asbestos fibres in a previous study. As such, the spherical components composing the AFBs may result from the deposition of Fe-rich inclusions during frustrated phagocytosis. The AFBs were also variable in terms of their Fe, P and Ca abundances, with some layers recording higher Fe concentrations (dense layers), whilst others lower Fe concentrations (porous layers). Furthermore, smokers were found to have smaller and overall denser AFBs than non-smokers.
Conclusions　The AFBs of smokers and non-smokers show differences in their morphology, indicating they grew in lung environments that experienced disparate conditions. Both the asbestos fibres of smokers and non-smokers were likely subjected to frustrated phagocytosis and accreted mucopolysaccharides, resulting in Fe accumulation and AFB formation. However, smokers' AFBs experienced a more uniform Fe-supply within the lung environment compared to non-smokers, likely due to Fe complexation from cigarette smoke, yielding denser, smaller and more Fe-rich AFBs. Moreover, the lack of any non-ferrihydrite Fe phases in the AFBs may indicate that the ferritin shell was intact, and that ROS may not be the main driver for the onset of MM. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AvramescuMaya-Liliana en-aut-sei=Avramescu en-aut-mei=Maya-Liliana kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=PotiszilChristian en-aut-sei=Potiszil en-aut-mei=Christian kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KunihiroTak en-aut-sei=Kunihiro en-aut-mei=Tak kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkabeKazunori en-aut-sei=Okabe en-aut-mei=Kazunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraEizo en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Eizo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=The Pheasant Memorial Laboratory for Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry, Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=The Pheasant Memorial Laboratory for Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry, Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=The Pheasant Memorial Laboratory for Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry, Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Bell Land General Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=The Pheasant Memorial Laboratory for Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry, Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Asbestos fibre kn-keyword=Asbestos fibre en-keyword=Asbestos body kn-keyword=Asbestos body en-keyword=Malignant mesothelioma kn-keyword=Malignant mesothelioma en-keyword=Asbestos body internal morphology kn-keyword=Asbestos body internal morphology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=e027046 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=20230321 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Heat Exposure Following the Rainy Season Is Associated With an Increased Risk of Cardiovascular Emergency Among the Elderly in Japan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: Despite the impact of heat exposure caused by global warming, few studies have investigated the hourly effects of heat exposure and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the elderly. We examined the associations between short-term heat exposure and the risk of CVD in the elderly in Japan and evaluated possible effect-measure modifications by rainy seasons that occur in East Asia.
Methods and Results: We conducted a time-stratified case-crossover study. The study included 6527 residents in Okayama City, Japan, aged >= 65 years who were transported to emergency hospitals between 2012 and 2019 for the onset of CVD during and a few months after the rainy seasons. We examined the linear associations between temperature and CVD-related emergency calls for each year and for hourly preceding intervals before the emergency call during the most relevant months. Heat exposure during 1 month after the end of the rainy season was associated with CVD risk; the odds ratio (OR) for a 1 degrees C increase in temperature was 1.34 (95% CI, 1.29-1.40). When we further explored the nonlinear association by using the natural cubic spline model, we found a J-shaped relationship. Exposures 0 to 6 hours before the case event (preceding intervals 0-6 hours) were associated with CVD risk, particularly for the preceding interval 0 to 1 hour (OR, 1.33 [95% CI, 1.28-1.39]). For longer periods, the highest risk was at preceding intervals 0 to 23 hours (OR, 1.40 [95% CI, 1.34-1.46]).
Conclusions: Elderly individuals may be more susceptible to CVD after heat exposure during the month after the rainy season. As shown by finer temporal resolution analyses, short-term exposure to increasing temperature can trigger CVD onset. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FujimotoRyohei en-aut-sei=Fujimoto en-aut-mei=Ryohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiEtsuji en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Etsuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KashimaSaori en-aut-sei=Kashima en-aut-mei=Saori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraKazufumi en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Kazufumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaitoHiromichi en-aut-sei=Naito en-aut-mei=Hiromichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakaoAtsunori en-aut-sei=Nakao en-aut-mei=Atsunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=ItoHiroshi en-aut-sei=Ito en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=YorifujiTakashi en-aut-sei=Yorifuji en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Environmental Health Sciences Laboratory, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=cardiovascular disease kn-keyword=cardiovascular disease en-keyword=climate change kn-keyword=climate change en-keyword=end of the rainy season kn-keyword=end of the rainy season en-keyword=heat exposure kn-keyword=heat exposure END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=77 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=121 end-page=129 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=202304 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Complications of Percutaneous Cryoablation for Renal Tumors and Methods for Avoiding Them en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Percutaneous cryoablation of renal tumors is widely used because of its high efficacy and safety. This high safety can be attributed, at least in part, to the visibility of the ablated area as an “ice ball”. This therapy has fewer complications (incidence, 0-7.2%) and is less invasive than surgery. Minor bleeding is inevitable in most kidney-related procedures, and indeed the most common complication of this therapy is bleeding (hematoma and hematuria). However, patients require treatment such as transfusion or transarterial embolization in only 0-4% of bleeding cases. Various other complications such as ureteral or collecting system injury, bowel injury, nerve injury, skin injury, infection, pneumothorax, and tract seeding also occur, but they are usually minor and asymptomatic. However, operators should know and avoid the various complications associated with this therapy. This study aimed to summarize the complications of percutaneous cryoablation for renal tumors and provide some techniques for achieving safe procedures. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IguchiToshihiro en-aut-sei=Iguchi en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuiYusuke en-aut-sei=Matsui en-aut-mei=Yusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TomitaKoji en-aut-sei=Tomita en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=UkaMayu en-aut-sei=Uka en-aut-mei=Mayu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=UmakoshiNoriyuki en-aut-sei=Umakoshi en-aut-mei=Noriyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawabataTakahiro en-aut-sei=Kawabata en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MunetomoKazuaki en-aut-sei=Munetomo en-aut-mei=Kazuaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagataShoma en-aut-sei=Nagata en-aut-mei=Shoma kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=ArakiMotoo en-aut-sei=Araki en-aut-mei=Motoo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirakiTakao en-aut-sei=Hiraki en-aut-mei=Takao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=cryosurgery kn-keyword=cryosurgery en-keyword=kidney neoplasms kn-keyword=kidney neoplasms en-keyword=carcinoma kn-keyword=carcinoma en-keyword=renal cell kn-keyword=renal cell en-keyword=complication kn-keyword=complication END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=497 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=20221228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Interspecific Variability in Growth Characteristics and Phytoremediation of Cu by Free-Floating Azolla Macrophytes en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The phytoremediation potential of aquatic plants, particularly for Cu, is scarcely reported in the pertinent literature. In this regard, differential growth behavior and phytoaccumulation ability of three free-floating Azolla species (A. japonica, A. pinnata, and A. hybrid) were evaluated in a climatically controlled (a temperature of 25/20 degrees C, light/dark 16/8 h, a light intensity of 60 mu mol m(-2) s(-1), and a relative humidity of 65%) microcosm study. Azolla plants were exposed to solutions having three Cu concentrations (0, 3, and 6 mg L-1) under two incubation periods (4 and 8 days). Different Cu treatments significantly reduced Azolla biomass during both incubation periods and A. pinnata was the most sensitive species. Azolla plants grown in aqueous solutions showed substantial variations in Cu removal capacity. Higher bioconcentration values displayed by Azolla plants indicated that these plants can be deployed as potential plants for Cu removal from Cu contaminated water. Nevertheless, the plants exposed to higher Cu concentrations displayed color changes and root detachment due to Cu phytotoxic effects which may also ultimately lead to plant death. Significant correlations between Cu removed from the aqueous solutions and Cu contents of plant biomass indicated that Cu phytoremediation by Azolla plants was due to the phytoaccumulation mechanism because the removed Cu from aqueous solutions was accumulated in plant biomass. Introduced Azolla species, i.e., A. hybrid, displayed comparable Cu removal efficiency with naturally grown Azolla species, i.e., A. japonica and A. pinnata. Tested Azolla species proved to be suitable candidates to remediate Cu contaminated water and can be deployed for phytoremediation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AkhtarMuhammad Shahbaz en-aut-sei=Akhtar en-aut-mei=Muhammad Shahbaz kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=AslamSohaib en-aut-sei=Aslam en-aut-mei=Sohaib kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=DittaAllah en-aut-sei=Ditta en-aut-mei=Allah kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=AlbalawiBedur Faleh A. en-aut-sei=Albalawi en-aut-mei=Bedur Faleh A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkiYoko en-aut-sei=Oki en-aut-mei=Yoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakashimaYoshitaka en-aut-sei=Nakashima en-aut-mei=Yoshitaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Environmental Sciences, Forman Christian College University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Environmental Sciences, Forman Christian College University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Environmental Sciences, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Biology, University of Tabuk kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Environmental Management Engineering, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Environmental Management Engineering, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Azolla biomass kn-keyword=Azolla biomass en-keyword=bioconcentration factor kn-keyword=bioconcentration factor en-keyword=Cu removal efficiency kn-keyword=Cu removal efficiency en-keyword=Cu toxicity kn-keyword=Cu toxicity en-keyword=translocation factor kn-keyword=translocation factor END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=471 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=214742 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=202211 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Geometric, electronic and spin structures of the CaMn4O5 catalyst for water oxidation in oxygen-evolving photosystem II. Interplay between experiments and theoretical computations en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The aim of this review is to elucidate geometric structures of the catalytic CaMn4Ox (x = 5, 6) cluster in the Kok cycle for water oxidation in the oxygen evolving complex (OEC) of photosystem II (PSII) based on the high-resolution (HR) X-ray diffraction (XRD) and serial femtosecond crystallography (SFX) experiments using the X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL). Quantum mechanics (QM) and QM/molecular mechanics (MM) computations are performed to elucidate the electronic and spin structures of the CaMn4Ox (x = 5, 6) cluster in five states S-i (i = 0 similar to 4) on the basis of the X-ray spectroscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and related experiments. Interplay between the experiments and theoretical computations has been effective to elucidate the coordination structures of the CaMn4Ox (x = 5, 6) cluster ligated by amino acid residues of the protein matrix of PSII, valence states of the four Mn ions and total spin states by their exchange-couplings, and proton-shifted isomers of the CaMn4Ox (x = 5, 6) cluster. The HR XRD and SFX XFEL experiments have also elucidated the biomolecular systems structure of OEC of PSII and the hydrogen bonding networks consisting of water molecules, chloride anions, etc., for water inlet and proton release pathways in PSII. Large-scale QM/MM computations have been performed for elucidation of the hydrogen bonding distances and angles by adding invisible hydrogen atoms to the HR XRD structure. Full geometry optimizations by the QM and QM/MM methods have been effective for elucidation of the molecular systems structure around the CaMn4Ox (x = 5, 6) cluster in OEC. DLPNO-CCSD(T-0) method has been applied to elucidate relative energies of possible intermediates in each state of the Kok cycle for water oxidation. Implications of these results are discussed in relation to the blueprint for developments of artificial catalysts for water oxidation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamaguchiKizashi en-aut-sei=Yamaguchi en-aut-mei=Kizashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShojiMitsuo en-aut-sei=Shoji en-aut-mei=Mitsuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IsobeHiroshi en-aut-sei=Isobe en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawakamiTakashi en-aut-sei=Kawakami en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyagawaKoichi en-aut-sei=Miyagawa en-aut-mei=Koichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugaMichihiro en-aut-sei=Suga en-aut-mei=Michihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkitaFusamichi en-aut-sei=Akita en-aut-mei=Fusamichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShenJian-Ren en-aut-sei=Shen en-aut-mei=Jian-Ren kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Biology, Osaka University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Center of Computational Sciences, Tsukuba University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=RIKEN Center for Computational Science kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Center of Computational Sciences, Tsukuba University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Water oxidation kn-keyword=Water oxidation en-keyword=Oxygen evolution kn-keyword=Oxygen evolution en-keyword=Photosystem II kn-keyword=Photosystem II en-keyword=HR XRD kn-keyword=HR XRD en-keyword=SFX XFEL kn-keyword=SFX XFEL en-keyword=QM/MM calculation kn-keyword=QM/MM calculation en-keyword=DLPNO CCSD(T-0) computations, Oxyl radical character kn-keyword=DLPNO CCSD(T-0) computations, Oxyl radical character END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=76 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=673 end-page=678 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=202212 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Handling of Germline Findings in Clinical Comprehensive Cancer Genomic Profiling en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Patients found to have presumed germline pathogenic variants (PGPVs) during comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) require genetic counseling (GC) referrals. We retrospectively investigated the outcomes of patients with PGPVs. Among 159 patients who underwent CGP, we recommended GC for the 16 patients with PGPVs (3 with [FG group] and 13 without [G Group] a family/personal history of hereditary cancer) as well as for the 8 patients with no PGPVs, but a history (F group); 2 (67%), 5 (38%), and 3 (38%) patients received GC in the FG, G, and F groups, respectively. Germline testing results were positive in 1 and 2 patients of the FG and G groups, respectively. Among the patients recommended for GC, 58% did not receive GC due to lack of interest, poor performance status, or death. CGP contributes to the identification of germline variants in patients without a history of hereditary cancer. However, the proportion of patients who undergo GC should be improved. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Okazawa-SakaiMika en-aut-sei=Okazawa-Sakai en-aut-mei=Mika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoYasuko en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Yasuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FutagawaMashu en-aut-sei=Futagawa en-aut-mei=Mashu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkamuraMiki en-aut-sei=Okamura en-aut-mei=Miki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyawakiSatoko en-aut-sei=Miyawaki en-aut-mei=Satoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishinaTomohiro en-aut-sei=Nishina en-aut-mei=Tomohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeharaKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Takehara en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KozukiToshiyuki en-aut-sei=Kozuki en-aut-mei=Toshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=TomidaShuta en-aut-sei=Tomida en-aut-mei=Shuta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=HyodoIchinosuke en-aut-sei=Hyodo en-aut-mei=Ichinosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhsumiShozo en-aut-sei=Ohsumi en-aut-mei=Shozo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirasawaAkira en-aut-sei=Hirasawa en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Clinical Genomic Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Cancer Genomic Medicine, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Clinical Genomic Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Hereditary Tumors, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Cancer Genomic Medicine, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Cancer Genomic Medicine, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Gynecologic Oncology, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Center for Comprehensive Genomic Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Cancer Genomic Medicine, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Hereditary Tumors, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Clinical Genomic Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=comprehensive genomic profiling kn-keyword=comprehensive genomic profiling en-keyword=hereditary cancer kn-keyword=hereditary cancer en-keyword=germline findings kn-keyword=germline findings en-keyword=presumed germline pathogenic variant(s) kn-keyword=presumed germline pathogenic variant(s) en-keyword=genetic counseling kn-keyword=genetic counseling END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=76 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=547 end-page=555 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=202210 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=First-line Combination Strategy Provides Favorable 5-year Outcomes for Patients with Lupus Nephritis: A Single-center Observational Study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This observational study aimed to clarify the long-term results of the combination of mizoribine (MZB), tacrolimus (TAC) and prednisolone as first-line therapy for lupus nephritis (LN). This was our institution’s standard therapy between 2009 and 2015, when we saw 36 patients with LN. When a patient thus treated achieved SLEDAI remission (= 0) and/or the prednisolone dose could be tapered to 5 mg/day, either MZB or TAC was stopped, and the other was continued for maintenance therapy. If treatment failure or relapse occurred, second-line therapy was introduced. At years 1 and 5, overall complete renal response and SLEDAI remission were 94% and 88%, and 50% and 62%, respectively. Excluding 2 cases lost to follow-up, medications after 5 years were as follows: 20 (59%) were stable on 1 drug (MZB or TAC), 11 (32%) required continuation of both drugs (MZB + TAC), and 3 (9%) required second-line therapy. The 5-year retention rate was 91% (non-secondline), with 0% of relapse in this group. Our first-line combination strategy showed high remission rates in the induction phase, and subsequent maintenance therapy demonstrated good outcomes for up to 5 years. Research that fine-tunes the order of therapeutic agents and institutes appropriate treatment goals may further improve long-term outcomes for patients with LN. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KagawaHidetoshi en-aut-sei=Kagawa en-aut-mei=Hidetoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamanakaRyutaro en-aut-sei=Yamanaka en-aut-mei=Ryutaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiromasaTsutomu en-aut-sei=Hiromasa en-aut-mei=Tsutomu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Japanese Red Cross Society Himeji Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Japanese Red Cross Society Himeji Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Japanese Red Cross Society Himeji Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=combination therapy kn-keyword=combination therapy en-keyword=first-line therapy kn-keyword=first-line therapy en-keyword=lupus nephritis kn-keyword=lupus nephritis en-keyword=mizoribine kn-keyword=mizoribine en-keyword=tacrolimus kn-keyword=tacrolimus END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=76 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=465 end-page=472 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=202208 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Molecular-targeted Therapy for Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma As First-line Therapy: A Single Institution 13-year Experience en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We aimed to identify the role of first-line monotherapy with vascular endothelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (VEGFR-TKI) in patients with metastatic RCC. Eligible patients were categorized into three groups (favorable, intermediate, and poor risk) according to the International Metastatic RCC Database Consortium risk criteria. Overall survival (OS) was the primary endpoint. Survival was compared using the log-rank test. A total of 108 patients were retrospectively analyzed. The numbers of patients in the favorable-, intermediate-, and poor-risk groups were 32 (30%), 66 (61%), and 10 (9%), repestively. The median OS values in the entire cohort was 36 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 29-53). The median OS in the favorable, intermediate, and poor risk groups were 94 months (95% CI: 43-Not reached), 30 months (95% CI: 20-38), and 8 months (95% CI: 0-Not reached), respectively (p<0.05). Prior nephrectomy, clear cell histology, clinical T stage ≤2, no metastasis at the time of diagnosis, nivolumab beyond first-line therapy, and objective response to VEGFR-TKIs were factors significantly prolonging OS on univariate analysis. VEGFR-TKI monotherapy as first-line therapy was an effective treatment option for patients with metastatic clear cell RCC with favorable risk. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=BekkuKensuke en-aut-sei=Bekku en-aut-mei=Kensuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsugawaTakuji en-aut-sei=Tsugawa en-aut-mei=Takuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsuboiKazuma en-aut-sei=Tsuboi en-aut-mei=Kazuma kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NodaGaku en-aut-sei=Noda en-aut-mei=Gaku kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=InoueYousuke en-aut-sei=Inoue en-aut-mei=Yousuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MuraoWataru en-aut-sei=Murao en-aut-mei=Wataru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=EbaraShin en-aut-sei=Ebara en-aut-mei=Shin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Urology, Hiroshima City Hiroshima Citizens Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Urology, Hiroshima City Hiroshima Citizens Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Urology, Hiroshima City Hiroshima Citizens Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Urology, Hiroshima City Hiroshima Citizens Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Urology, Hiroshima City Hiroshima Citizens Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Urology, Hiroshima City Hiroshima Citizens Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Urology, Hiroshima City Hiroshima Citizens Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=metastatic renal cell carcinoma kn-keyword=metastatic renal cell carcinoma en-keyword=molecular-targeted therapy kn-keyword=molecular-targeted therapy en-keyword=immuno-checkpoint inhibitor kn-keyword=immuno-checkpoint inhibitor en-keyword=real-world setting kn-keyword=real-world setting END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=76 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=359 end-page=371 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=202208 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Therapeutic Approaches Targeting miRNA in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a potentially fatal systemic autoimmune disease, and its etiology involves both genetic and environmental factors such as sex hormone imbalance, genetic predisposition, epigenetic regulation, and immunological factors. Dysregulation of microRNA (miRNA) is suggested to be one of the epigenetic factors in SLE. miRNA is a 22-nucleotide single-stranded noncoding RNA that contributes to post-transcriptional modulation of gene expression. miRNA targeting therapy has been suggested to be useful for the treatment of cancers and other diseases. Gene knockout and miRNA targeting therapy have been demonstrated to improve SLE disease activity in mice. However, these approaches have not yet reached the level of clinical application. miRNA targeting therapy is limited by the fact that each miRNA has multiple targets. In addition, the expression of certain miRNAs may differ among cell tissues within a single SLE patient. This limitation can be overcome by targeted delivery and chemical modifications. In the future, further research into miRNA chemical modifications and delivery systems will help us develop novel therapeutic agents for SLE. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Hiramatsu-AsanoSumie en-aut-sei=Hiramatsu-Asano en-aut-mei=Sumie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadaJun en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=systemic lupus erythematosus kn-keyword=systemic lupus erythematosus en-keyword=miRNA kn-keyword=miRNA en-keyword=miRNA targeting therapy kn-keyword=miRNA targeting therapy END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=76 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=247 end-page=253 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=202206 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Analysis of Immunity against Measles, Mumps, Rubella, and Varicella Zoster in Adult Recipients of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Single-Center Experience en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Vaccine-preventable disease (VPD) infections are more severe in immunocompromised hosts. Vaccination against measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella zoster (VZV) (MMRV) is therefore recommended for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) recipients. However, studies on adult HCT recipients with VPD infections are limited. At our institution, we have systematically conducted serological MMRV tests as a part of check-up examinations during long-term follow-up (LTFU) after HCT since 2015. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate changes in the serostatus between before and 2 years after allogeneic HCT. Among 161 patients, the pre-transplant seropositivity was 82.7% for measles, 86.8% for mumps, 84.2% for rubella, and 94.3% for VZV. Among 56 patients who underwent LTFU including serological MMRV tests at 2 years after HCT, the percentages maintaining seroprotective antibody levels for measles, mumps, rubella and VZV were 71.5% (40/56), 51.8% (29/56), 48.2% (27/56), and 60.7% (34/56), respectively. Vaccination was recommended for 22 patients, and 12 were vaccinated. Among the 12 vaccinated patients, rates of seroconversion were examined in 2-6 patients for each of the four viruses. They were 100% (3/3) for measles, 33.3% (1/3) for mumps, 50% (3/6) for rubella, and 0% (0/2) for VZV. Further studies are warranted to clarify the effect of vaccination in adult HCT recipients. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YoshidaShohei en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Shohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiiNobuharu en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Nobuharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KamoiChihiro en-aut-sei=Kamoi en-aut-mei=Chihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitamuraWataru en-aut-sei=Kitamura en-aut-mei=Wataru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiwaraHideaki en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Hideaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsadaNoboru en-aut-sei=Asada en-aut-mei=Noboru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishimoriHisakazu en-aut-sei=Nishimori en-aut-mei=Hisakazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiiKeiko en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Keiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuokaKen-ichi en-aut-sei=Matsuoka en-aut-mei=Ken-ichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaedaYoshinobu en-aut-sei=Maeda en-aut-mei=Yoshinobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=vaccine-preventable disease kn-keyword=vaccine-preventable disease en-keyword=vaccination kn-keyword=vaccination en-keyword=allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation kn-keyword=allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation en-keyword=adult kn-keyword=adult END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=111 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=21 end-page=25 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=20220201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Propagation characteristics and method of appropriate management of invasive alien species Iris pseudacorus L. kn-title=外来水生植物キショウブの繁殖特性と適切な管理法 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=To establish a proposal for a guiding principle supporting appropriate management of Iris pseudacorus L., which had been used as an important vegetation bank species until the Invasive Alien Species Act, this study investigated propaga-tion characteristics. The seed in which seed coat cracked germinated earlier, and it was shown that their cumulative germination percentage was high even under 30 °C constant conditions. When the fresh weight of the rhizome cut pieces in the spring became greater than 15 g, the individual plant flowering rate increased gradually. Individuals of more than 30 g achieved a flowering rate higher than 76 %. The flow-ering rate was highest for individual plants that had two green leaves, but it became progressively lower for increas-ing numbers of green leaves：non-flowering individuals grew better than flowering individuals. In the 0 cm height scape-cutting treatment, no significant difference was found in the numbers of flowers and fruits the next year. In the 5 cm height top-cutting treatment, the flowers and fruits in the next year were significantly fewer. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NakashimaYoshitaka en-aut-sei=Nakashima en-aut-mei=Yoshitaka kn-aut-name=中嶋佳貴 kn-aut-sei=中嶋 kn-aut-mei=佳貴 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Course of Applied Plant Science, The Faculty of Agriculture, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学農学部　応用植物科学コース en-keyword=Iris pseudacorus L. kn-keyword=Iris pseudacorus L. en-keyword=invasive alien species kn-keyword=invasive alien species en-keyword=propagation characteristics kn-keyword=propagation characteristics en-keyword=flood tolerance kn-keyword=flood tolerance END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=18 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=13 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=20220103 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Estimation of periodontal pocket surface area in small to medium dogs: a proof-of-concept study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background
Periodontal disease is the most common dental disease in dogs. Although the systemic effects of periodontal disease have not been clarified in veterinary science, it is necessary to evaluate the effects of periodontal disease in clinical trials in the future. There have been a few clinical attempts made, however, to assess the severity of periodontal inflammation and its impact on the systemic health of dogs. Meanwhile, in the field of dentistry for humans, the periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) and periodontal epithelial surface area (PESA) have been used to quantitatively assess the degree of periodontal disease affecting a single tooth as well as the overall extent of periodontitis. Recent studies have also suggested the use of these assessments to examine the relationship between periodontal inflammation and systemic health.

Results
The estimation formula for a dog's periodontal pocket surface area (PPSA), an alternative to PISA and PESA in humans, was established using body weight and periodontal pocket depth. Actual values were measured using extracted teeth from various dog breeds and sizes (2.3-25.0 kg of body weight) to obtain universal regression equations for PPSA. Altogether, 625 teeth from 73 dogs of 16 breeds were extracted and subsequently analyzed for morphological information. PPSA was measured in 61 dogs of 10 breeds with periodontal disease using the established estimation formulas, and the correlation between PPSA and preoperative blood chemistry data was analyzed accordingly. A strong correlation was found between PPSA and serum globulin (r = 0.71) while moderate correlations were found for C-reactive protein (r = 0.54) and serum albumin (r = -0.51).

Conclusions
Estimation formulas using body weight and the 6-point probing depth were established for determining PPSA. Direct correlations between PPSA and several blood test results were observed in the study sample. Taken together, these results suggest that PPSA could be useful for evaluating the effects of periodontitis on systemic conditions in dogs. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TamuraKazuya en-aut-sei=Tamura en-aut-mei=Kazuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=Tokuzen-TaiMasako en-aut-sei=Tokuzen-Tai en-aut-mei=Masako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SiddiquiYasir Dilshad en-aut-sei=Siddiqui en-aut-mei=Yasir Dilshad kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=Tamura-NaitoHitomi en-aut-sei=Tamura-Naito en-aut-mei=Hitomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagaharaYoshiharu en-aut-sei=Nagahara en-aut-mei=Yoshiharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=Hatanaka-TakeuchiKazu en-aut-sei=Hatanaka-Takeuchi en-aut-mei=Kazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoTadashi en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Tadashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakashibaShogo en-aut-sei=Takashiba en-aut-mei=Shogo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Pathophysiology‑Periodontal Science, Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Periodontics and Endodontics, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Pathophysiology‑Periodontal Science, Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Periodontics and Endodontics, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Nagahara Animal Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Periodontics and Endodontics, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Pathophysiology‑Periodontal Science, Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Pathophysiology‑Periodontal Science, Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=Dog kn-keyword=Dog en-keyword=Periodontitis kn-keyword=Periodontitis en-keyword=Periodontal pocket surface area kn-keyword=Periodontal pocket surface area en-keyword=Estimation method kn-keyword=Estimation method en-keyword=Periodontology kn-keyword=Periodontology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=64 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=187 end-page=190 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=202201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Symbolic powers of monomial ideals en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Let K be a field and consider the standard grading on A = K[X1, ... ,Xd]. Let I, J be monomial ideals in A. Let In(J) = (In : J∞) be the nth symbolic power of I with respect to J. It is easy to see that the function fI J (n) = e0(In(J)/In) is of quasi-polynomial type, say of period g and degree c. For n ≫ 0 say

fIJ (n) = ac(n)nc + ac−1(n)nc−1 + lower terms,

where for i = 0, ... , c, ai : N → Q are periodic functions of period g and ac ≠0. In [4, 2.4] we (together with Herzog and Verma) proved that dim In(J)/In is constant for n ≫ 0 and ac(−) is a constant. In this paper we prove that if I is generated by some elements of the same degree and height I ≥ 2 then ac−1(−) is also a constant. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=PuthenpurakalTony J. en-aut-sei=Puthenpurakal en-aut-mei=Tony J. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= en-keyword=quasi-polynomials kn-keyword=quasi-polynomials en-keyword=monomial ideals kn-keyword=monomial ideals en-keyword=symbolic powers kn-keyword=symbolic powers END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=297 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=101071 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=20210930 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A structural model for (GlcNAc)2 translocation via a periplasmic chitooligosaccharide-binding protein from marine Vibrio bacteria en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=VhCBP is a periplasmic chitooligosaccharide-binding protein mainly responsible for translocation of the chitooligosaccharide (GlcNAc)2 across the double membranes of marine bacteria. However, structural and thermodynamic understanding of the sugar-binding/-release processes of VhCBP is relatively less. VhCBP displayed the greatest affinity toward (GlcNAc)2, with lower affinity for longer-chain chitooligosaccharides [(GlcNAc)3–4]. (GlcNAc)4 partially occupied the closed sugar-binding groove, with two reducing-end GlcNAc units extending beyond the sugar-binding groove and barely characterized by weak electron density. Mutation of three conserved residues (Trp363, Asp365, and Trp513) to Ala resulted in drastic decreases in the binding affinity toward the preferred substrate (GlcNAc)2, indicating their significant contributions to sugar binding. The structure of the W513A–(GlcNAc)2 complex in a ‘half-open’ conformation unveiled the intermediary step of the (GlcNAc)2 translocation from the soluble CBP in the periplasm to the inner membrane–transporting components. Isothermal calorimetry data suggested that VhCBP adopts the high-affinity conformation to bind (GlcNAc)2, while its low-affinity conformation facilitated sugar release. Thus, chitooligosaccharide translocation, conferred by periplasmic VhCBP, is a crucial step in the chitin catabolic pathway, allowing Vibrio bacteria to thrive in oceans where chitin is their major source of nutrients. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KitaokuYoshihito en-aut-sei=Kitaoku en-aut-mei=Yoshihito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukamizoTamo en-aut-sei=Fukamizo en-aut-mei=Tamo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KumsaoadSawitree en-aut-sei=Kumsaoad en-aut-mei=Sawitree kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=UbonbalPrakayfun en-aut-sei=Ubonbal en-aut-mei=Prakayfun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=RobinsonRobert C. en-aut-sei=Robinson en-aut-mei=Robert C. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugintaWipa en-aut-sei=Suginta en-aut-mei=Wipa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering (BSE), Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC) kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering (BSE), Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC) kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering (BSE), Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC) kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering (BSE), Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC) kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering (BSE), Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC) kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=75 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=397 end-page=402 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=202106 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Case of Metastatic Fumarate Hydratase-Deficient–like Renal Cell Carcinoma Successfully Managed by Ipilimumab plus Nivolumab en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We report a 62-year-old male with metastatic fumarate hydratase-deficient renal cell carcinoma (FH-deficient RCC) without fumarate hydratase (FH) mutation (FH-deficient–like RCC). The International Metastatic RCC Database Consortium risk score was intermediate, and immunotherapy with nivolumab and ipilimumab (Ipi/ Nivo) was initiated. Four cycles of Ipi/Nivo and 5 cycles of nivolumab resulted in a complete response of the metastases. Hypophysitis occurred as an immune-related adverse event after four cycles of Ipi/Nivo. The prognosis of patients with FH-deficient RCC is generally poor. Few reports of FH-deficient RCC successfully treated with Ipi/Nivo have been published. Ipi/Nivo can be effective for treating FH-deficient RCC. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SekitoTakanori en-aut-sei=Sekito en-aut-mei=Takanori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakamotoAtsushi en-aut-sei=Takamoto en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KobayashiYasuyuki en-aut-sei=Kobayashi en-aut-mei=Yasuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitsuiMasao en-aut-sei=Mitsui en-aut-mei=Masao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatariShogo en-aut-sei=Watari en-aut-mei=Shogo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KubotaRisa en-aut-sei=Kubota en-aut-mei=Risa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SadahiraTakuya en-aut-sei=Sadahira en-aut-mei=Takuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwataTakehiro en-aut-sei=Iwata en-aut-mei=Takehiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishimuraShingo en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Shingo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=EdamuraKohei en-aut-sei=Edamura en-aut-mei=Kohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakoTomoko en-aut-sei=Sako en-aut-mei=Tomoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=ArakiMotoo en-aut-sei=Araki en-aut-mei=Motoo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeMasami en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Masami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeToyohiko en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Toyohiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShibataRei en-aut-sei=Shibata en-aut-mei=Rei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=EnnishiDaisuke en-aut-sei=Ennishi en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=NasuYasutomo en-aut-sei=Nasu en-aut-mei=Yasutomo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Urology, Kurashiki Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Pathology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=fumarate hydratase kn-keyword=fumarate hydratase en-keyword=fumarate hydratase-deficient renal cell carcinoma kn-keyword=fumarate hydratase-deficient renal cell carcinoma en-keyword=renal cell carcinoma kn-keyword=renal cell carcinoma en-keyword=ipilimumab kn-keyword=ipilimumab en-keyword=nivolumab kn-keyword=nivolumab END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=75 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=335 end-page=343 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=202106 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Baseline Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Glasgow Prognostic Score are Associated with Clinical Outcome in Patients with Recurrent or Metastatic Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Treated with Nivolumab en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/MHNSCC) has a poor prognosis. Although nivolumab is approved in Japan for treating R/MHNSCC, the response rate is low. Therefore, identifying pretreatment prognostic factors is necessary. This study assessed the utility of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS) as biomarkers of response to nivolumab. We retrospectively collected the data of 56 R/MHNSCC patients treated with nivolumab between May 2017 and December 2019. The Kaplan–Meier method and log-rank test were used to estimate overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), and multivariate Cox hazard regression analysis was used to identify independent predictors of survival. Patients with a low pretreatment NLR had prolonged OS, and patients with a low pretreatment GPS had increased OS and PFS. A performance score (PS) of 0-1, development of immune-related adverse events, and GPS of 0-1 were significantly associated with OS in multivariate analysis. In summary, baseline pretreatment NLR and GPS are independently associated with OS in R/MHNSCC patients treated with nivolumab. Administration of nivolumab while maintaining the PS reflects a immune status of the host and leads to a good OS. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ChikuieNobuyuki en-aut-sei=Chikuie en-aut-mei=Nobuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HamamotoTakao en-aut-sei=Hamamoto en-aut-mei=Takao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=UedaTsutomu en-aut-sei=Ueda en-aut-mei=Tsutomu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaruyaTakayuki en-aut-sei=Taruya en-aut-mei=Takayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonoTakashi en-aut-sei=Kono en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=FuruieHiromi en-aut-sei=Furuie en-aut-mei=Hiromi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshinoTakashi en-aut-sei=Ishino en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakenoSachio en-aut-sei=Takeno en-aut-mei=Sachio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University kn-affil= en-keyword=neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio kn-keyword=neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio en-keyword=nivolumab kn-keyword=nivolumab en-keyword=Glasgow Prognostic Score kn-keyword=Glasgow Prognostic Score en-keyword=recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/MHNSCC) kn-keyword=recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/MHNSCC) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=75 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=147 end-page=152 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=202104 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Knee Flexion-induced Translation of Pullout Sutures Used in the Repair of Medial Meniscus Posterior Root Tears en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Medial meniscus posterior root tears (MMPRTs) have recently attracted considerable interest in orthopedics. To date, no in vivo human study has investigated suture translation changes in repaired MMPRTs with different degrees of knee flexion. This study examined suture translation at various degrees of knee flexion in 30 patients undergoing medial meniscus posterior root repair using the modified Mason-Allen suture technique between August 2016 and September 2017. Intraoperatively, sutures were provisionally fixed to an isometric positioner at the tibial site of the desired meniscal attachment, and the suture translation was measured at 0°, 30°, 60°, and 90° of knee flexion. The results showed significant increases in mean suture translation at the knee flexion positions from 0° to 30°, 30° to 60°, and 60° to 90° (p<0.01 for all). Our findings indicate that surgeons should carefully assess the degree of knee flexion at the moment when the meniscus is refixed by surgical sutures. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=XueHaowei en-aut-sei=Xue en-aut-mei=Haowei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FurumatsuTakayuki en-aut-sei=Furumatsu en-aut-mei=Takayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkazakiYuki en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiranakaTakaaki en-aut-sei=Hiranaka en-aut-mei=Takaaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KintakaKeisuke en-aut-sei=Kintaka en-aut-mei=Keisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiiMasataka en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Masataka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhangXiming en-aut-sei=Zhang en-aut-mei=Ximing kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=OzakiToshifumi en-aut-sei=Ozaki en-aut-mei=Toshifumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=medial meniscus kn-keyword=medial meniscus en-keyword=posterior root tear kn-keyword=posterior root tear en-keyword=suture translation kn-keyword=suture translation en-keyword=knee flexion kn-keyword=knee flexion en-keyword=arthroscopic repair kn-keyword=arthroscopic repair END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=75 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=125 end-page=131 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=202104 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Bone Histomorphometry of Femoral Head Cancellous Bone in Patients Who Underwent Total Hip Arthroplasties due to Destructive Hip in Rheumatoid Arthritis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) affects the hip joints. The microarchitecture of the cancellous bone in RA-affected hip joints has been unclear. Here we investigated the bone metabolism changes in the subcapital cancellous bone of destructive hips of RA patients (n=26 patients; 28 hip joints) which were classified by Larsen grade on X-ray into the groups: destructive hip (Des) (Larsen grade IV, n=18) and neck fracture (Fx) (Larsen grade 0 or 1, n=10). The femoral heads of the Des-group showed significantly higher trabecular thickness versus those of the Fx-group (179±30.8 vs. 151±23.5 μm, p=0.02). The Des-group had significantly higher osteoid volume/tissue volume (OV/TV) and osteoid volume/bone volume (OV/BV) ratios than the Fx-group (OV/TV: 0.72±0.70% vs. 0.27±0.32%, p=0.028; OV/BV: 2.96±2.85% vs. 1.24±1.31%, p=0.039). The osteoblast and osteoclast surface areas of the Des-group were remarkably higher than those of the Fx-group (9.80±10.9 vs. 0.15±0.15%, p=0.0005; 0.34±0.48 vs. 0.06±0.06%, p=0.0285, respectively). The T-scores of hip (femoral neck) bone mineral density (BMD) of the Fx-group were significantly lower versus those of the Des-group (−3.1±0.76 vs. −1.6±1.17, p<0.01). Increased osteoid and resorption parameters and higher femoral neck BMD demonstrate a high bone-turnover state in response to destructive changes in the hips of RA patients. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KijimaYasufumi en-aut-sei=Kijima en-aut-mei=Yasufumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KondoNaoki en-aut-sei=Kondo en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkumuraGo en-aut-sei=Okumura en-aut-mei=Go kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=EndoNaoto en-aut-sei=Endo en-aut-mei=Naoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=bone histomorphometry kn-keyword=bone histomorphometry en-keyword=rheumatoid arthritis kn-keyword=rheumatoid arthritis en-keyword=destructive hip kn-keyword=destructive hip en-keyword=femoral neck fracture kn-keyword=femoral neck fracture en-keyword=bone turnover kn-keyword=bone turnover END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=559 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=119928 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=20210105 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Experimental variable effects on laser heating of inclusions during Raman spectroscopic analysis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= Raman spectroscopy for fluid, melt, and mineral inclusions provides direct insight into the physicochemical conditions of the environment surrounding the host mineral at the time of trapping. However, the obtained Raman spectral characteristics such as peak position are modified because of local temperature enhancement of the inclusions by the excitation laser, which might engender systematic errors and incorrect conclusions if the effect is not corrected. Despite the potentially non-negligible effects of laser heating, the laser heating coefficient (B) (°C/mW) of inclusions has remained unsolved. For this study, we found B from experiments and heat transport simulation to evaluate how various parameters such as experimental conditions, mineral properties, and inclusion geometry affect B of inclusions. To assess the parameters influencing laser heating, we measured B of a total of 19 CO2-rich fluid inclusions hosted in olivine, orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene, spinel, and quartz. Our results revealed that the measured B of fluid inclusions in spinel is highest (approx. 6 °C/mW) and that of quartz is lowest (approx. 1 × 10−2 °C/mW), consistent with earlier inferences. Our simulation results show that the absorption coefficient of the host mineral is correlated linearly with B. It is the most influential parameter when the absorption coefficient of the host mineral (αh) is larger than that of an inclusion (αinc). Furthermore, although our results indicate that both the inclusion size and depth have little effect on B if αh > αinc, the thickness and radius of the host mineral slightly influence B. These results suggest that the choice of inclusion size and depth to be analyzed in a given sample do not cause any systematic error in the Raman data because of laser heating, but the host radius and thickness, which can be adjusted to some degree at the time of sample preparation, can cause systematic errors between samples.Our results demonstrate that, even with laser power of 10 mW, which is typical for inclusion analysis, the inclusion temperature rises to tens or hundreds of degrees during the analysis, depending especially on the host mineral geometry and optical properties. Therefore, correction of the heating effects will be necessary to obtain reliable data from Raman spectroscopic analysis of inclusions. This paper presents some correction methods for non-negligible effects of laser heating. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HagiwaraYuuki en-aut-sei=Hagiwara en-aut-mei=Yuuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaKenta en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Kenta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YonedaAkira en-aut-sei=Yoneda en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TorimotoJunji en-aut-sei=Torimoto en-aut-mei=Junji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoJunji en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Junji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Research Institute for Marine Geodynamics, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC) kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Ore Genesis Research Unit, Project Team for Development of New-Generation Research Protocol for Submarine Resources, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC) kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=The Hokkaido University Museum kn-affil= en-keyword=Finite element method kn-keyword=Finite element method en-keyword=Inclusions kn-keyword=Inclusions en-keyword=Laser heating kn-keyword=Laser heating en-keyword=Raman spectroscopy kn-keyword=Raman spectroscopy END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=86 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=7 end-page=12 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=20210228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Learning curves of minimally invasive donor nephrectomy in a high-volume center: A cohort study of 1895 consecutive living donors en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background
Few studies have investigated the learning curves of minimally invasive donor nephrectomy (MIDN) using the cumulative sum (CUSUM) analysis. In addition, no study has compared the learning curves of the different surgical MIDN techniques in one cohort study using the CUSUM analysis. This study aims to evaluate and compare learning curves for several MIDN using the CUSUM analysis.
Methods
A retrospective review of consecutive donors, who underwent MIDN between 1997 and 2019, was conducted. Three laparoscopic-assisted techniques were applied in our institution and included for analysis: laparoscopic (LDN), hand-assisted retroperitoneoscopic (HARP), and robot-assisted laparoscopic (RADN) donor nephrectomy. The outcomes were compared based on surgeon volume to develop learning curves for the operative time per surgeon.
Results
Out of 1895 MIDN, 1365 (72.0%) were LDN, 427 (22.5%) were HARP, and 103 (5.4%) were RADN. The median operative time and median blood loss were 179 (IQR, 139–230) minutes and 100 (IQR, 40–200) mL, respectively. The incidence of major complication was 1.2% with no mortality, and the median hospital stay was three (IQR, 3–4) days. The CUSUM analysis resulted in learning curves, defined by decreased operative time, of 23 cases in LDN, 45 cases in HARP, and 26 cases in RADN.
Conclusions
Our study shows different learning curves in three MIDN techniques with equal post-operative complications. The LDN and RADN learning curves are shorter than that of the hand-assisted donor nephrectomy. Our observations can be helpful for informing the development of teaching requirements for fellows to be trained in MIDN. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakagiKosei en-aut-sei=Takagi en-aut-mei=Kosei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimenaiHendrikus J.A.N. en-aut-sei=Kimenai en-aut-mei=Hendrikus J.A.N. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TerkivatanTurkan en-aut-sei=Terkivatan en-aut-mei=Turkan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TranKhe T.C. en-aut-sei=Tran en-aut-mei=Khe T.C. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=IjzermansJan N.M. en-aut-sei=Ijzermans en-aut-mei=Jan N.M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MinneeRobert C. en-aut-sei=Minnee en-aut-mei=Robert C. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Division of HPB & Transplant Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Division of HPB & Transplant Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Division of HPB & Transplant Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Division of HPB & Transplant Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Division of HPB & Transplant Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam kn-affil= en-keyword=Kidney transplantation kn-keyword=Kidney transplantation en-keyword=Learning curve kn-keyword=Learning curve en-keyword=Hand-assisted laparoscopy kn-keyword=Hand-assisted laparoscopy en-keyword=Laparoscopy kn-keyword=Laparoscopy en-keyword=Living donors kn-keyword=Living donors en-keyword=Nephrectomy kn-keyword=Nephrectomy en-keyword=Teaching kn-keyword=Teaching en-keyword=Robotic surgical procedures kn-keyword=Robotic surgical procedures END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=20210321 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Intravesical Therapy in Patients with Intermediate-risk Non–muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis of Disease Recurrence en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Context
Patients with intermediate-risk non–muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) may pose a clinical dilemma without an agreed evidence-based decision tree for personalized treatment.
Objective
To perform a systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) to summarize available evidence on the oncologic outcomes of intravesical therapy in patients with intermediate-risk NMIBC.
Evidence acquisition
The MEDLINE, EMBASE, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases were searched in October 2020 according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses statement. Studies were deemed eligible if they reported on oncologic outcomes in patients with intermediate-risk NMIBC treated with transurethral resection of bladder tumor with and without intravesical chemotherapy or bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) immunotherapy.
Evidence synthesis
Twelve studies were included in a qualitative synthesis (systematic review); three were deemed eligible for a quantitative synthesis (NMA). An NMA of five different regimens was conducted for the association of treatment with the 5-yr recurrence risk. Chemotherapy with maintenance was associated with a lower likelihood of 5-yr recurrence than chemotherapy without maintenance (odds ratio [OR] 0.51, 95% credible interval [CI] 0.26–1.03). Immunotherapy, regardless of whether a full- or reduced-dose regimen, was not associated with a significantly lower likelihood of 5-yr recurrence when compared with chemotherapy without maintenance (OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.39–2.11 vs OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.40–2.19). Analysis of the treatment ranking revealed that chemotherapy with maintenance had the lowest 5-yr recurrence risk (P score 0.9666).
Conclusions
Our analysis indicates that chemotherapy with a maintenance regimen confers a superior oncologic benefit in terms of 5-yr recurrence risk compared to chemotherapy without maintenance in patients with intermediate-risk NMIBC. Regardless of the dose regimen, immunotherapy with BCG does not appear to be superior to chemotherapy in patients with intermediate-risk NMIBC in term of disease recurrence. However, owing to the lack of comparative studies, there is an unmet need for well-designed, large-scale trials to validate our findings and generate robust evidence on disease recurrence and progression.
Patient summary
A maintenance schedule of chemotherapy reduces the rate of long-term recurrence of bladder cancer that has not invaded the bladder muscle. Chemotherapy inserted directly into the bladder and immunotherapy without maintenance schedules seem to have limited benefit in preventing cancer recurrence. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=LaukhtinaEkaterina en-aut-sei=Laukhtina en-aut-mei=Ekaterina kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=AbufarajMohammad en-aut-sei=Abufaraj en-aut-mei=Mohammad kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=Al-AniAbdallah en-aut-sei=Al-Ani en-aut-mei=Abdallah kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=AliMustafa Rami en-aut-sei=Ali en-aut-mei=Mustafa Rami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriKeiichiro en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=Keiichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoschiniMarco en-aut-sei=Moschini en-aut-mei=Marco kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=QuhalFahad en-aut-sei=Quhal en-aut-mei=Fahad kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=Sari MotlaghReza en-aut-sei=Sari Motlagh en-aut-mei=Reza kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=PradereBenjamin en-aut-sei=Pradere en-aut-mei=Benjamin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=SchuettfortVictor M. en-aut-sei=Schuettfort en-aut-mei=Victor M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=MostafaeiHadi en-aut-sei=Mostafaei en-aut-mei=Hadi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatayamaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Katayama en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=GrossmannNico C. en-aut-sei=Grossmann en-aut-mei=Nico C. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=FajkovicHarun en-aut-sei=Fajkovic en-aut-mei=Harun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=SoriaFrancesco en-aut-sei=Soria en-aut-mei=Francesco kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=EnikeevDmitry en-aut-sei=Enikeev en-aut-mei=Dmitry kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShariatShahrokh F. en-aut-sei=Shariat en-aut-mei=Shahrokh F. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Division of Urology, Department of Special Surgery, Jordan University Hospital, The University of Jordan kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Division of Urology, Department of Special Surgery, Jordan University Hospital, The University of Jordan kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Urology, The Jikei University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Division of Urology, Department of Surgical Sciences, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Studies of Torino kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health, Sechenov University kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna kn-affil= en-keyword=Non–muscle-invasive bladder cancer kn-keyword=Non–muscle-invasive bladder cancer en-keyword=Bladder cancer kn-keyword=Bladder cancer en-keyword=Intermediate risk kn-keyword=Intermediate risk en-keyword=Intravesical therapy kn-keyword=Intravesical therapy en-keyword=Network meta-analysis kn-keyword=Network meta-analysis END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=39 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=180 end-page=190 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=20210331 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Catalog of prognostic tissue-based biomarkers in patients treated with neoadjuvant systemic therapy for urothelial carcinoma of the bladder: a systematic review en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=PURPOSE
The present systematic review aimed to identify prognostic values of tissue-based biomarkers in patients treated with neoadjuvant systemic therapy (NAST), including chemotherapy (NAC) and checkpoint inhibitors (NAI) for urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB).
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched in August 2020 according to the PRISMA statement. Studies were deemed eligible if they compared oncologic or pathologic outcomes in patients treated with NAST for UCB with and without detected pretreatment tissue-based biomarkers.
RESULTS
Overall, 44 studies met our eligibility criteria. Twenty-three studies used immunohistochemistry (IHC), 19 – gene expression analysis, three - quantitative polymerase chain reaction (QT PCR), and two – next-generation sequencing (NGS). According to the currently available literature, predictive IHC-assessed biomarkers, such as receptor tyrosine kinases and DNA repair pathway alterations, do not seem to convincingly improve our prediction of pathologic response and oncologic outcomes after NAC. Luminal and basal tumor subtypes based on gene expression analysis showed better NAC response, while claudin-low and luminal-infiltrated tumor subtypes did not. In terms of NAI, PD-L1 seems to maintain value as a predictive biomarker, while the utility of both tumor mutational burden and molecular subtypes remains controversial. Specific genomic alterations in DNA repair genes have been shown to provide significant predictive value in patient treated with NAC. QT PCR quantification of specific genes selected through microarray analysis seems to classify cases regarding their NAC response.
CONCLUSION
We believe that the present systematic review may offer a robust framework that will enable the testing and validation of predictive biomarkers in future prospective clinical trials. NGS has expanded the discovery of molecular markers that are reflective of the mechanisms of the NAST response. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=LaukhtinaEkaterina en-aut-sei=Laukhtina en-aut-mei=Ekaterina kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=PradereBenjamin en-aut-sei=Pradere en-aut-mei=Benjamin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriKeiichiro en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=Keiichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SchuettfortVictor M. en-aut-sei=Schuettfort en-aut-mei=Victor M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=QuhalFahad en-aut-sei=Quhal en-aut-mei=Fahad kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MostafaeiHadi en-aut-sei=Mostafaei en-aut-mei=Hadi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=Sari MotlanghReza en-aut-sei=Sari Motlangh en-aut-mei=Reza kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatayamaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Katayama en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=GrossmannNico C. en-aut-sei=Grossmann en-aut-mei=Nico C. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoschiniMarco en-aut-sei=Moschini en-aut-mei=Marco kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=EnikeevDmitry en-aut-sei=Enikeev en-aut-mei=Dmitry kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShariatShahrokh F. en-aut-sei=Shariat en-aut-mei=Shahrokh F. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Urology, Luzerner Kantonsspital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health, Sechenov University, kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna kn-affil= en-keyword=Biomarkers kn-keyword=Biomarkers en-keyword=UCB kn-keyword=UCB en-keyword=bladder cancer kn-keyword=bladder cancer en-keyword=Neoadjuvant systemic therapy kn-keyword=Neoadjuvant systemic therapy en-keyword=NAC kn-keyword=NAC en-keyword=systematic review kn-keyword=systematic review END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=20210403 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Cooperation between NRF2-mediated transcription and MDIG-dependent epigenetic modifications in arsenic-induced carcinogenesis and cancer stem cells en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= Environmental exposure to arsenic, a well-established carcinogen linked to a number of human cancers, is a public health concern in many areas of the world. Despite extensive studies on the molecular mechanisms of arsenic-induced carcinogenesis, how initial cellular responses, such as activation of stress kinases and the generation of reactive oxygen species, converge to affect the transcriptional and/or epigenetic reprogramming required for the malignant transformation of normal cells or normal stem cells remains to be elucidated. In this review, we discuss some recent discoveries showing how the transcription factor NRF2 and an epigenetic regulator, MDIG, contribute to the arsenic-induced generation of cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) as determined by applying CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing and chromosome immunoprecipitation followed by DNA sequencing (ChIP-seq). en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=BiZhuoyue en-aut-sei=Bi en-aut-mei=Zhuoyue kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhangQian en-aut-sei=Zhang en-aut-mei=Qian kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FuYao en-aut-sei=Fu en-aut-mei=Yao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SenoAkimasa en-aut-sei=Seno en-aut-mei=Akimasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadgaonkarPriya en-aut-sei=Wadgaonkar en-aut-mei=Priya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=QiuYiran en-aut-sei=Qiu en-aut-mei=Yiran kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=AlmutairyBandar en-aut-sei=Almutairy en-aut-mei=Bandar kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=XuLiping en-aut-sei=Xu en-aut-mei=Liping kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhangWenxuan en-aut-sei=Zhang en-aut-mei=Wenxuan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=ThakurChitra en-aut-sei=Thakur en-aut-mei=Chitra kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=ChenFei en-aut-sei=Chen en-aut-mei=Fei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Faculty of Engineering, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University kn-affil= en-keyword=Arsenic kn-keyword=Arsenic en-keyword=NRF2 kn-keyword=NRF2 en-keyword=MDIG kn-keyword=MDIG en-keyword=Cancer stem cells kn-keyword=Cancer stem cells en-keyword=Carcinogenesis kn-keyword=Carcinogenesis END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=56 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=70 end-page=77 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=20210430 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Prospective cohort study of febrile neutropenia in breast cancer patients administered with neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapies: CSPOR-BC FN study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background
As Asians are more vulnerable to febrile neutropenia (FN) than Caucasians, evaluations of FN incidence and risk factors in Asians are important for the appropriate use of primary pegfilgrastim (PEG-G).
Patients and methods
Japanese breast cancer patients receiving standard adjuvant chemotherapies were prospectively enrolled in multicenter institutions from August 2015 to July 2017. FN was evaluated from 2 treatment policies: true FN (T-FN): ≥37.5 °C, grade 4 neutropenia, mandatory hospital visit (visiting); surrogate FN (S-FN): ≥37.5 °C, oral antibiotic, no mandatory visit (non-visiting). PEG-G was used at the physicians’ discretion. The primary endpoint was FN incidence during all cycles. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify T-FN risk factors.
Results
Of 1005 enrolled patients, 980 women treated with FEC, E(A)C, and TC were analyzed. The FN incidence proportions in all patients were 22.5%, 27.5%, and 33.9% for FEC, E(A)C, and TC, respectively. Those of T-FN were 27.7%, 22.4%, and 36.6%; those of S-FN were 17.3%, 32.4%, and 31.5% with more frequent primary PEG-G usage. The relative dose intensity (RDI) of the 3 regimens was ≥0.85 in both groups. In the analysis of risk factors, TC (odds ratio = 2.67), age ≥ 65 years (2.24), and pretreatment absolute neutrophil count (ANC)/1000 μl (0.8) remained significant.
Conclusions
FN incidences were above 20% in the 3 regimens, with TC showing the highest. RDI was maintained at a high level in both visiting and non-visiting groups. Patient-related risk factors were age and pretreatment ANC. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IshikawaTakashi en-aut-sei=Ishikawa en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakamakiKentaro en-aut-sei=Sakamaki en-aut-mei=Kentaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaruiKazutaka en-aut-sei=Narui en-aut-mei=Kazutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishimuraHideki en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SangaiTakafumi en-aut-sei=Sangai en-aut-mei=Takafumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TamakiKentaro en-aut-sei=Tamaki en-aut-mei=Kentaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HasegawaYoshie en-aut-sei=Hasegawa en-aut-mei=Yoshie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeKen-ichi en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Ken-ichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuganumaNobuyasu en-aut-sei=Suganuma en-aut-mei=Nobuyasu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=MichishitaShintaro en-aut-sei=Michishita en-aut-mei=Shintaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugaeSadatoshi en-aut-sei=Sugae en-aut-mei=Sadatoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=AiharaTomohiko en-aut-sei=Aihara en-aut-mei=Tomohiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsugawaKoichiro en-aut-sei=Tsugawa en-aut-mei=Koichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=KaiseHirose en-aut-sei=Kaise en-aut-mei=Hirose kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=TairaNaruto en-aut-sei=Taira en-aut-mei=Naruto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=MukaiHirofumi en-aut-sei=Mukai en-aut-mei=Hirofumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Breast Surgery and Oncology, Tokyo Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Biostatistics, Yokohama City University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Biostatistics, Yokohama City University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Biostatistics, Yokohama City University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chiba University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Naha-Nishi Clinic kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Breast Surgery, Hirosaki Municipal Hospita kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Breast Surgery, Hokkaido Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Breast Surgery, Yao Municipal Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Breast Center, Aihara Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, St. Marianna University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Breast Surgery and Oncology, Tokyo Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Breast and Endocrinology Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Division of Oncology/Hematology, National Cancer Center Hospital East kn-affil= en-keyword=Breast cancer kn-keyword=Breast cancer en-keyword=Febrile neutropenia kn-keyword=Febrile neutropenia en-keyword=Adjuvant chemotherapy kn-keyword=Adjuvant chemotherapy en-keyword=Risk factors kn-keyword=Risk factors en-keyword=Prospective study kn-keyword=Prospective study END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=093056 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=20190924 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Superconductivity in a new layered triangular-lattice system Li2IrSi2 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We report on the crystal structure and superconducting properties of a novel iridium-silicide, namely Li2IrSi2. It has a Ag2NiO2-type structure (space group R-3m) with the lattice parameters a = 4.028 30(6) Å and c = 13.161 80(15) Å. The crystal structure comprises IrSi2 and double Li layers stacked alternately along the c-axis. The IrSi2 layer includes a two-dimensional Ir equilateral-triangular lattice. Electrical resistivity and static magnetic measurements revealed that Li2IrSi2 is a type-II superconductor with critical temperature (Tc) of 3.3 K. We estimated the following superconducting parameters: lower critical field Hc1(0) ~ 42 Oe, upper critical field Hc2(0) ~ 1.7 kOe, penetration depth λ0 ~ 265 nm, coherence length ξ0 ~ 44 nm, and Ginzburg–Landau parameter κGL ~ 6.02. The specific-heat data suggested that superconductivity in Li2IrSi2 could be attributed to weak-coupling Cooper pairs. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HoriganeK en-aut-sei=Horigane en-aut-mei=K kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeuchiK en-aut-sei=Takeuchi en-aut-mei=K kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HyakumuraD en-aut-sei=Hyakumura en-aut-mei=D kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HorieR en-aut-sei=Horie en-aut-mei=R kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoT en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=T kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MuranakaT en-aut-sei=Muranaka en-aut-mei=T kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawashimaK en-aut-sei=Kawashima en-aut-mei=K kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshiiH en-aut-sei=Ishii en-aut-mei=H kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=KubozonoY en-aut-sei=Kubozono en-aut-mei=Y kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=OrimoS en-aut-sei=Orimo en-aut-mei=S kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=IsobeM en-aut-sei=Isobe en-aut-mei=M kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkimitsuJ en-aut-sei=Akimitsu en-aut-mei=J kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University, kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of natural science and technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Engineering Science, University of Electro-Communications kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=supreconductivity kn-keyword=supreconductivity en-keyword=iridium-silicide kn-keyword=iridium-silicide en-keyword=spin–orbit coupling kn-keyword=spin–orbit coupling END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=75 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=55 end-page=61 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=202102 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Thoracoscopic Localization of Small Peripheral Pulmonary Lesions Using Percutaneous Computed Tomography-guided Pleural Dye Marking: A Retrospective Analysis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Small pulmonary lesions are often difficult to localize during thoracoscopic surgery. We describe a new com-puted tomography (CT)-guided pleural dye-marking method for small peripheral pulmonary lesions that does not involve a visceral pleural puncture. We used this technique for 23 lesions (22 patients) who underwent tho-racoscopic partial lung resection (Nov. 2016-Jan. 2018). With the patient in the lateral decubitus position, pre-operative CT-guided marking on the skin over the lesion was performed. During the surgery, we marked the visceral pleura with a skin marker directly or with an infant-size nutrition catheter with crystal violet at the tip through a venous indwelling needle inserted perpendicular to the skin marking. We localized and resected the lesions in all cases, without complications. The median nodule size measured histopathologically was 8 (4-20) mm overall, and 7 (0-20) mm of the solid part; the median distance from the visceral pleura to the nodule was 9 (1-33) mm. The median operation time was 67 (37-180) min. The median postoperative hospital stay was 3 (3-11) days. Our CT-guided pleural dye-marking method is useful and safe for the localization of small periph-eral pulmonary lesions in thoracoscopic partial lung resections. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KuboYujiro en-aut-sei=Kubo en-aut-mei=Yujiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeMototsugu en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Mototsugu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ChoshiHaruki en-aut-sei=Choshi en-aut-mei=Haruki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsubaraKei en-aut-sei=Matsubara en-aut-mei=Kei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShiotaniToshio en-aut-sei=Shiotani en-aut-mei=Toshio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KataokaKazuhiko en-aut-sei=Kataoka en-aut-mei=Kazuhiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Surgery, Iwakuni Clinical Center kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Surgery, Iwakuni Clinical Center kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Surgery, Iwakuni Clinical Center kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Surgery, Iwakuni Clinical Center kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Surgery, Iwakuni Clinical Center kn-affil= en-keyword=Small pulmonary lesion kn-keyword=Small pulmonary lesion en-keyword=ground glass nodule kn-keyword=ground glass nodule en-keyword=marking kn-keyword=marking en-keyword=localization kn-keyword=localization en-keyword=thoracocentesis kn-keyword=thoracocentesis END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=103 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=085134 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=20210222 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Successive destruction of charge density wave states by pressure in LaAgSb2 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We comprehensively studied the magnetotransport properties of LaAgSb2 under high pressure up to 4 GPa, which showed unique successive charge density wave (CDW) transitions at TCDW1∼210 K and TCDW2∼190 K at ambient pressure. With the application of pressure, both TCDW1 and TCDW2 were suppressed and disappeared at the critical pressures of PCDW1=3.0–3.4 GPa and PCDW2=1.5–1.9 GPa, respectively. At PCDW1, the Hall conductivity showed a steplike increase, which is consistently understood by the emergence of a two-dimensional hollow Fermi surface at PCDW1. We also observed a significant negative magnetoresistance effect when the magnetic field and current were applied parallel to the c axis. The negative contribution was observed in the whole pressure region from 0 to 4 GPa. Shubnikov–de Haas (SdH) oscillation measurements under pressure directly showed the changes in the Fermi surface across the CDW phase boundaries. In PPCDW1, we observed a single frequency of ∼48 T with a cyclotron effective mass of 0.066m0, whose cross section in the reciprocal space corresponded to only 0.22% of the first Brillouin zone. Besides, we observed another oscillation component with frequency of ∼9.2 T, which is significantly enhanced in the limited pressure range of PCDW2 Several difficulty grading systems have been developed as a useful tool for selecting patients and training surgeons in laparoscopic procedures. However, there is little information on predicting the difficulty of laparoscopic donor nephrectomy (LDN). The aim of this study was to develop a grading system to predict the difficulty of LDN.
Methods
Data of 1741 living donors, who underwent pure or hand-assisted LDN between 1994 and 2018 were analyzed. Multivariable analyses were performed to identify factors associated with prolonged operative time, defined as a difficulty index with 0 to 8. The difficulty of LDN was classified into three levels based on the difficulty index.
Results
Multivariable analyses identified that male (odds ratio [OR] 1.69, 95% CI 1.37–2.09, P < 0.001), BMI > 28 (OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.08–1.72, P = 0.009), pure LDN (OR 1.99, 95% CI 1.53–2.60, P < 0.001), multiple renal arteries (OR 2.38, 95% CI 1.83–3.10, P < 0.001) and multiple renal veins (OR 2.18, 95% CI 1.52–3.16, P < 0.001) were independent risk factors influencing prolonged operative time. The difficulty index based on these factors was calculated and categorized into three levels: low (0–2), intermediate (3–5), and high (6–8) difficulty. Operative time was significantly longer in the high difficulty group (225 min) than in the low (169 min, P < 0.001) and intermediate difficulty group (194 min, P < 0.001). The conversion rate was higher in the high difficulty group (4.4%) than in the low (2.1%, P = 0.04) and the intermediate difficulty group (3.0%, P = 0.27). No significant difference in major complications was found between the groups.
Conclusion
We developed a novel grading system with simple preoperative donor factors to predict the difficulty of LDN. This grading system may help surgeons in patient selection to advance their experiences and/or teach fellows from simple to difficult LDN. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakagiKosei en-aut-sei=Takagi en-aut-mei=Kosei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimenaiHendrikus J. A. N. en-aut-sei=Kimenai en-aut-mei=Hendrikus J. A. N. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TerkivatanTurkan en-aut-sei=Terkivatan en-aut-mei=Turkan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TranKhe T. C. en-aut-sei=Tran en-aut-mei=Khe T. C. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=IjzermansJan N. M. en-aut-sei=Ijzermans en-aut-mei=Jan N. M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MinneeRobert C. en-aut-sei=Minnee en-aut-mei=Robert C. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Division of HPB & Transplant Surgery, University Medical Centre Rotterdam kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Division of HPB & Transplant Surgery, University Medical Centre Rotterdam kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Division of HPB & Transplant Surgery, University Medical Centre Rotterdam kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Division of HPB & Transplant Surgery, University Medical Centre Rotterdam kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Division of HPB & Transplant Surgery, University Medical Centre Rotterdam kn-affil= en-keyword=Kidney transplantation kn-keyword=Kidney transplantation en-keyword=Living donors kn-keyword=Living donors en-keyword=Nephrectomy kn-keyword=Nephrectomy en-keyword=Laparoscopy kn-keyword=Laparoscopy en-keyword=Hand-assisted laparoscopy kn-keyword=Hand-assisted laparoscopy en-keyword=Learning curve kn-keyword=Learning curve en-keyword=Education kn-keyword=Education en-keyword=Teaching kn-keyword=Teaching END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=554158 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2020 dt-pub=20201126 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Postharvest Properties of Ultra-Late Maturing Peach Cultivars and Their Attributions to Melting Flesh (M) Locus: Re-evaluation of M Locus in Association With Flesh Texture en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The postharvest properties of two ultra-late maturing peach cultivars, "Tobihaku" (TH) and "Daijumitsuto" (DJ), were investigated. Fruit were harvested at commercial maturity and held at 25 degrees C. TH exhibited the characteristics of normal melting flesh (MF) peach, including rapid fruit softening associated with appropriate level of endogenous ethylene production In contrast, DJ did not soften at all during 3 weeks experimental period even though considerable ethylene production was observed. Fruit of TH and DJ were treated with 5,000 ppm of propylene, an ethylene analog, continuously for 7 days. TH softened rapidly whereas DJ maintained high flesh firmness in spite of an increase in endogenous ethylene production, suggesting that DJ but not TH lacked the ability to be softened in response to endogenous and exogenous ethylene/propylene. DNA-seq analysis showed that tandem endo-polygalacturonase (endoPG) genes located at melting flesh (M) locus, Pp-endoPGM (PGM), and Pp-endoPGF (PGF), were deleted in DJ. The endoPG genes at M locus are known to control flesh texture of peach fruit, and it was suggested that the non-softening property of DJ is due to the lack of endoPG genes. On the other hand, TH possessed an unidentified M haplotype that is involved in determination of MF phenotype. Structural identification of the unknown M haplotype, designated as M-0, through comparison with previously reported M haplotypes revealed distinct differences between PGM on M-0 haplotype (PGM-M-0) and PGM on other haplotypes (PGM-M-1). Peach M haplotypes were classified into four main haplotypes: M-0 with PGM-M-0; M-1 with both PGM-M-1 and PGF; M-2 with PGM-M-1; and M-3 lacking both PGM and PGF. Re-evaluation of M locus in association with MF/non-melting flesh (NMF) phenotypes in more than 400 accessions by using whole genome shotgun sequencing data on database and/or by PCR genotyping demonstrated that M-0 haplotype was the common haplotype in MF accessions, and M-0 and M-1 haplotypes were dominant over M-2 and M-3 haplotypes and co-dominantly determined the MF trait. It was also assumed on the basis of structural comparison of M haplotypes among Prunus species that the ancestral haplotype of M-0 diverged from those of the other haplotypes before the speciation of Prunus persica. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NakanoRyohei en-aut-sei=Nakano en-aut-mei=Ryohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawaiTakashi en-aut-sei=Kawai en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukamatsuYosuke en-aut-sei=Fukamatsu en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkitaKagari en-aut-sei=Akita en-aut-mei=Kagari kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeSakine en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Sakine kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsanoTakahiro en-aut-sei=Asano en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakataDaisuke en-aut-sei=Takata en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoMamoru en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Mamoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukudaFumio en-aut-sei=Fukuda en-aut-mei=Fumio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=UshijimaKoichiro en-aut-sei=Ushijima en-aut-mei=Koichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Experimental Farm of Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Fukushima University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Fukushima University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=fruit kn-keyword=fruit en-keyword=softening kn-keyword=softening en-keyword=ethylene kn-keyword=ethylene en-keyword=Prunus persica kn-keyword=Prunus persica en-keyword=melting flesh locus kn-keyword=melting flesh locus en-keyword=endoPG kn-keyword=endoPG en-keyword=postharvest kn-keyword=postharvest END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=74 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=435 end-page=441 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2020 dt-pub=202010 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Disseminated Fusarium fujikuroi Species Complex Infection Prior to Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A 53-year-old man was diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia, which was refractory to chemotherapies. Systemic papules appeared afterward. The skin biopsies revealed filamentous fungal infection including fusariosis. Despite antifungal therapy, the infection did not resolve, because neutropenia persisted with the leukemia. He underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) to overcome the leukemia and restore normal hematopoiesis but died from fusariosis just before engraftment. Fusarium fujikuroi species complex was detected in blood cultures with poor antifungal susceptibility. Because restoring normal hematopoiesis is important in the treatment of fusariosis, HSCT might be considered for patients with persistent pancytopenia. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FujishitaKeigo en-aut-sei=Fujishita en-aut-mei=Keigo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Oka en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KameiKatsuhiko en-aut-sei=Kamei en-aut-mei=Katsuhiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaniKatsuma en-aut-sei=Tani en-aut-mei=Katsuma kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujisawaYuka en-aut-sei=Fujisawa en-aut-mei=Yuka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitamuraWataru en-aut-sei=Kitamura en-aut-mei=Wataru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MachidaTakuya en-aut-sei=Machida en-aut-mei=Takuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImaiToshi en-aut-sei=Imai en-aut-mei=Toshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= en-keyword=disseminated fusariosis kn-keyword=disseminated fusariosis en-keyword=Fusarium fujikuroi species complex kn-keyword=Fusarium fujikuroi species complex en-keyword=allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation kn-keyword=allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation en-keyword=acute myeloid leukemia kn-keyword=acute myeloid leukemia END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=2021 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=280 end-page=288 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2020 dt-pub=20200616 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Cytopathic effects and local immune responses in repeated neoadjuvant HSV-tk + ganciclovir gene therapy for prostate cancer en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=Cytopathic effects and local immune response were analyzed histologically in prostatic carcinoma (PCa) with in situ herpes simplex virus-thymidine kinase (HSV-tk)/ganciclovir (GCV) gene therapy (GT... kn-abstract=ObjectiveCytopathic effects and local immune response were analyzed histologically in prostatic carcinoma (PCa) with in situ herpes simplex virus-thymidine kinase (HSV-tk)/ganciclovir (GCV) gene therapy (GT). MethodsFour high-risk PCa patients who received HSV-tk/GCV GT were investigated. After two cycles of intraprostatic injection of HSV-tk and administration of GCV, radical prostatectomy was performed. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections were evaluated using immunohistochemistry. PCa with hormone therapy (HT, n = 3) or without neoadjuvant therapy (NT, n = 4) that were equivalent in terms of risk were also examined as reference. Immunoreactively-positive cells were counted in at least three areas in cancer tissue. Labeling indices (LI) were calculated as percentage values. ResultsssDNA LI in GT increased, indicating apoptosis, as well as tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and CD68-positive macrophages, compared with their biopsies. GT cases showed significantly higher numbers of ssDNA LI, CD4/CD8-positive T cells and CD68-positive macrophages including M1/M2 macrophages than HT or NT cases. However, there was no significant difference in CD20-positive B cells among the types of case. There were strong correlations between CD8+ T cells and CD68+ macrophages (ρ = 0.656, p < 0.0001) as well as CD4+ T cells and CD20+ B cells (ρ = 0.644, p < 0.0001) in PCa with GT. ConclusionsEnhanced cytopathic effect and local immune response were might be indicated in PCa patients with HSV-tk/GCV gene therapy. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YanagisawaNobuyuki en-aut-sei=Yanagisawa en-aut-mei=Nobuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatohTakefumi en-aut-sei=Satoh en-aut-mei=Takefumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TabataKen-ichi en-aut-sei=Tabata en-aut-mei=Ken-ichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsumuraHideyasu en-aut-sei=Tsumura en-aut-mei=Hideyasu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NasuYasutomo en-aut-sei=Nasu en-aut-mei=Yasutomo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeMasami en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Masami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=ThompsonTimothy C. en-aut-sei=Thompson en-aut-mei=Timothy C. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkayasuIsao en-aut-sei=Okayasu en-aut-mei=Isao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurakumoYoshiki en-aut-sei=Murakumo en-aut-mei=Yoshiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=BabaShiro en-aut-sei=Baba en-aut-mei=Shiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwamuraMasatsugu en-aut-sei=Iwamura en-aut-mei=Masatsugu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Pathology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine Yokohama-City Seibu Hospital, Yokohama kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Urology, Kitasato University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Urology, Kitasato University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Urology, Kitasato University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology - Research, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Pathology, Kitasato University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Pathology, Kitasato University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Pathology, Kitasato University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Urology, Kitasato University School of Medicine kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=58 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=177 end-page=186 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2020 dt-pub=202010 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Continuing surgical education of non-technical skills en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background
The non-technical skills for surgeons (NOTSS) system was developed as a tool to assess surgical skills for patient safety during surgery. This study aimed to develop a NOTSS-based training system for surgical trainees to acquire non-technical skills using a chest surgery scenario in a wet lab.
Materials and methods
Trainees were categorized into three subgroups according to the years of experience as follows: Level A: 6 years or more; Level B: 3–5 years; and Level C: 1–2 years. Three stages of surgical procedure were designed: 1. chest wall resection and right upper lobe lobectomy, 2. right middle lobe sleeve lobectomy, and 3. right lower lobe lobectomy. One instructor was assigned to each operation table, who evaluated each participant's NOTSS scores consisting of 16 elements.
Results
When comparing average NOTSS score of all the three procedures, significant differences were observed between Level A, B, and C trainees. As an example of varying elements by procedure, Level A trainees demonstrated differences in Situation Awareness, and a significant difference was observed in Level C trainees regarding the elements of Decision Making. On the contrary, no significant difference was observed among Level B trainees. In the comparison between first-time and experienced participants, a significant improvement was observed in some elements in Level B and C trainees.
Conclusion
This study highlights the usefulness and feasibility of the NOTSS scoring system for surgeons with different experiences and the effectiveness of providing feedback to trainees during intraoperative handoffs in a wet lab. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamaneMasaomi en-aut-sei=Yamane en-aut-mei=Masaomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugimotoSeiichiro en-aut-sei=Sugimoto en-aut-mei=Seiichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiEtsuji en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Etsuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=AokageKeiju en-aut-sei=Aokage en-aut-mei=Keiju kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkazakiMikio en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Mikio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SohJunichi en-aut-sei=Soh en-aut-mei=Junichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayamaMakio en-aut-sei=Hayama en-aut-mei=Makio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiramiYuji en-aut-sei=Hirami en-aut-mei=Yuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=YorifujiTakashi en-aut-sei=Yorifuji en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyookaShinichi en-aut-sei=Toyooka en-aut-mei=Shinichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Departments of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Departments of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Departments of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Okayama Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery, National Hospital Organization Okayama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Departments of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=Non-technical skills kn-keyword=Non-technical skills en-keyword=Patient safety kn-keyword=Patient safety en-keyword=Thoracic surgery kn-keyword=Thoracic surgery END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=48 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=101960 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2020 dt-pub=202010 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Generation of four induced pluripotent stem cell lines (FHUi003-A, FHUi003-B, FHUi004-A and FHUi004-B) from two affected individuals of a familial neurohypophyseal diabetes insipidus family en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Four disease-specific induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines were respectively derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of two affected individuals in a family affected by familial neurohypophyseal diabetes insipidus carrying the c.314G>C mutation. The expression of pluripotency markers (NANOG, OCT4, and SOX2), maintenance of a normal karyotype, absence of episomal vectors used for iPSC generation, and presence of the original pathogenic mutation were confirmed for each iPSC line. The ability to differentiate into three germ layers was confirmed by a teratoma formation assay. These iPSC lines can help in disease recapitulation in vitro using organoids and elucidation of disease mechanisms. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YoshidaSatoru en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Satoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkuraHanayuki en-aut-sei=Okura en-aut-mei=Hanayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugaHidetaka en-aut-sei=Suga en-aut-mei=Hidetaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SoenMika en-aut-sei=Soen en-aut-mei=Mika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawaguchiYohei en-aut-sei=Kawaguchi en-aut-mei=Yohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KurimotoJunki en-aut-sei=Kurimoto en-aut-mei=Junki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyataTakashi en-aut-sei=Miyata en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakagiHiroshi en-aut-sei=Takagi en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=ArimaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Arima en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujikawaTatsuya en-aut-sei=Fujikawa en-aut-mei=Tatsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaFumio en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Fumio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuyamaAkifumi en-aut-sei=Matsuyama en-aut-mei=Akifumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Regenerative Medicine Support Promotion Facility, Center for Research Promotion and Support, Fujita Health University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of General Internal Medicine, Mitoyo General Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=129 end-page=134 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2020 dt-pub=202008 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Learning curve of kidney transplantation in a high-volume center: A Cohort study of 1466 consecutive recipients en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background
The purpose of this study was to evaluate surgical outcomes of kidney transplantation (KTX) based on surgeon volume and surgeon experience, and to develop the learning curve model for KTX using the cumulative sum (CUSUM) analysis.
Methods
A retrospective review of 1466 consecutive recipients who underwent KTX between 2010 and 2017 was conducted. In total, 51 surgeons, including certified transplant surgeons, transplant fellows and surgical residents were involved in these procedures using a standardized protocol. Outcomes were compared based on surgeon volume (low [1–30] versus high [31≥] volume) and surgeon's type (consultant surgeons, fellows or residents).
Results
Operative time (129 versus 135 min, P < 0.001) and warm ischemia time (20.9 versus 24.2 min, P < 0.001) were significantly shorter in the high-volume group, however postoperative outcomes were equal in both groups. The CUSUM analysis revealed that approximately 30 procedures were necessary to improve surgical skills. In addition, no effect of surgeon's type including consultant surgeons, fellows and residents on postoperative outcomes was found.
Conclusions
Surgical training in KTX using a standardize protocol can be accomplished with a steep learning curve without compromising perioperative outcomes under the careful selection of surgeons and procedures. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakagiKosei en-aut-sei=Takagi en-aut-mei=Kosei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OutmaniLoubna en-aut-sei=Outmani en-aut-mei=Loubna kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimenaiHendrikus J.A.N. en-aut-sei=Kimenai en-aut-mei=Hendrikus J.A.N. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TerkivatanTurkan en-aut-sei=Terkivatan en-aut-mei=Turkan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TranKhe T.C. en-aut-sei=Tran en-aut-mei=Khe T.C. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=IjzermansJan N.M. en-aut-sei=Ijzermans en-aut-mei=Jan N.M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MinneeRobert C. en-aut-sei=Minnee en-aut-mei=Robert C. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, And Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Division of HPB & Transplant Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Division of HPB & Transplant Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Division of HPB & Transplant Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Division of HPB & Transplant Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Division of HPB & Transplant Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Division of HPB & Transplant Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam kn-affil= en-keyword=Kidney transplantation kn-keyword=Kidney transplantation en-keyword=Surgeon volume kn-keyword=Surgeon volume en-keyword=Outcome kn-keyword=Outcome en-keyword=Cumulative sum analysis kn-keyword=Cumulative sum analysis en-keyword=Learning curve kn-keyword=Learning curve END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=1 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=100001 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2020 dt-pub=20200720 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Dicer monitoring in a model filamentous fungus host, Cryphonectria parasitica en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The ascomycete Cryphonectria parasitica has served as a model filamentous fungus for studying virus host interactions because of its susceptibility to diverse viruses, its genetic manipulability and the availability of many biological and molecular tools. Cryphonectria prasitica is known to activate antiviral RNA silencing upon infection by some viruses via transcriptional up-regulation of key RNA silencing genes. Here, utilizing a newly developed GFP-based reporter system to monitor dicer-like 2 (dcl2) transcript levels, we show different levels of antiviral RNA silencing activation by different viruses. Some viruses such as mycoreovirus 1, a suppressor-lacking mutant of Cryphonectria hypovirus 1 (CHV1-Δp69) and Rosellinia necatrix partitivirus 11 (RnPV11) highly induced RNA silencing, while others such as CHV3, Rosellinia necatrix victorivirus 1 and RnPV19 did not. There was considerable variation in dcl2 induction by different members within the family Hypoviridae with positive-sense single-stranded RNA genomes or Partitiviridae with double-stranded RNA genomes. Northern blotting and an in vitro Dicer assay developed recently by us using mycelial homogenates validated the reporter assay results for several representative virus strains. Taken together, this study represents a development in the monitoring of Dicer activity in virus-infected C. parasitica. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AuliaAnnisa en-aut-sei=Aulia en-aut-mei=Annisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TabaraMidori en-aut-sei=Tabara en-aut-mei=Midori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TelengechPaul en-aut-sei=Telengech en-aut-mei=Paul kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukuharaToshiyuki en-aut-sei=Fukuhara en-aut-mei=Toshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiNobuhiro en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Nobuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Department of Applied Biological Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Department of Applied Biological Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Dicer kn-keyword=Dicer en-keyword=RNA silencing kn-keyword=RNA silencing en-keyword=Fungal virus kn-keyword=Fungal virus en-keyword=RNA virus kn-keyword=RNA virus en-keyword=Antiviral defense kn-keyword=Antiviral defense END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=59 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2020 dt-pub=20200422 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Comparison of antioxidative effects between radon and thoron inhalation in mouse organs en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Radon therapy has been traditionally performed globally for oxidative stress-related diseases. Many researchers have studied the beneficial effects of radon exposure in living organisms. However, the effects of thoron, a radioisotope of radon, have not been fully examined. In this study, we aimed to compare the biological effects of radon and thoron inhalation on mouse organs with a focus on oxidative stress. Male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 15 groups: sham inhalation, radon inhalation at a dose of 500 Bq/m3 or 2000 Bq/m3, and thoron inhalation at a dose of 500 Bq/m3 or 2000 Bq/m3 were carried out. Immediately after inhalation, mouse tissues were excised for biochemical assays. The results showed a significant increase in superoxide dismutase and total glutathione, and a significant decrease in lipid peroxide following thoron inhalation under several conditions. Additionally, similar effects were observed for different doses and inhalation times between radon and thoron. Our results suggest that thoron inhalation also exerts antioxidative effects against oxidative stress in organs. However, the inhalation conditions should be carefully analyzed because of the differences in physical characteristics between radon and thoron. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KobashiYusuke en-aut-sei=Kobashi en-aut-mei=Yusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KataokaTakahiro en-aut-sei=Kataoka en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanzakiNorie en-aut-sei=Kanzaki en-aut-mei=Norie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshidaTsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Ishida en-aut-mei=Tsuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakodaAkihiro en-aut-sei=Sakoda en-aut-mei=Akihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshimoriYuu en-aut-sei=Ishimori en-aut-mei=Yuu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitsunobuFumihiro en-aut-sei=Mitsunobu en-aut-mei=Fumihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamaokaKiyonori en-aut-sei=Yamaoka en-aut-mei=Kiyonori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Ningyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Ningyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor Monju, Japan Atomic Energy Agency kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Radon kn-keyword=Radon en-keyword=Thoron kn-keyword=Thoron en-keyword=Oxidative stress kn-keyword=Oxidative stress en-keyword=Antioxidative function kn-keyword=Antioxidative function END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=959 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=163549 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2020 dt-pub=20200411 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Evaluation of gadolinium’s action on water Cherenkov detector systems with EGADS en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= Used for both proton decay searches and neutrino physics, large water Cherenkov (WC) detectors have been very successful tools in particle physics. They are notable for their large masses and charged particle detection capabilities. While current WC detectors reconstruct charged particle tracks over a wide energy range, they cannot efficiently detect neutrons. Gadolinium (Gd) has the largest thermal neutron capture cross section of all stable nuclei and produces an 8 MeV gamma cascade that can be detected with high efficiency. Because of the many new physics opportunities that neutron tagging with a Gd salt dissolved in water would open up, a large-scale R&D program called EGADS was established to demonstrate this technique’s feasibility. EGADS features all the components of a WC detector, chiefly a 200-ton stainless steel water tank furnished with 240 photo-detectors, DAQ, and a water system that removes all impurities from water while keeping Gd in solution. In this paper we discuss the milestones towards demonstrating the feasibility of this novel technique, and the features of EGADS in detail. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MartiLl. en-aut-sei=Marti en-aut-mei=Ll. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkedaM. en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoY. en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KishimotoY. en-aut-sei=Kishimoto en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakahataM. en-aut-sei=Nakahata en-aut-mei=M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakajimaY. en-aut-sei=Nakajima en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakanoY. en-aut-sei=Nakano en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakayamaS. en-aut-sei=Nakayama en-aut-mei=S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkajimaY. en-aut-sei=Okajima en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=OriiA. en-aut-sei=Orii en-aut-mei=A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=PronostG. en-aut-sei=Pronost en-aut-mei=G. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=SekiyaH. en-aut-sei=Sekiya en-aut-mei=H. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShiozawaM. en-aut-sei=Shiozawa en-aut-mei=M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaH. en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=H. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=UenoK. en-aut-sei=Ueno en-aut-mei=K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamadaS. en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanoT. en-aut-sei=Yano en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=YokozawaT. en-aut-sei=Yokozawa en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurdochM. en-aut-sei=Murdoch en-aut-mei=M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=SchuemannJ. en-aut-sei=Schuemann en-aut-mei=J. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= en-aut-name=VaginsM.R. en-aut-sei=Vagins en-aut-mei=M.R. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=21 ORCID= en-aut-name=BaysK. en-aut-sei=Bays en-aut-mei=K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=22 ORCID= en-aut-name=CarminatiG. en-aut-sei=Carminati en-aut-mei=G. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=23 ORCID= en-aut-name=GriskevichN.J. en-aut-sei=Griskevich en-aut-mei=N.J. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=24 ORCID= en-aut-name=KroppW.R. en-aut-sei=Kropp en-aut-mei=W.R. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=25 ORCID= en-aut-name=LockeS. en-aut-sei=Locke en-aut-mei=S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=26 ORCID= en-aut-name=RenshawA. en-aut-sei=Renshaw en-aut-mei=A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=27 ORCID= en-aut-name=SmyM.B. en-aut-sei=Smy en-aut-mei=M.B. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=28 ORCID= en-aut-name=WeatherlyP. en-aut-sei=Weatherly en-aut-mei=P. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=29 ORCID= en-aut-name=ItoS. en-aut-sei=Ito en-aut-mei=S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=30 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshinoH. en-aut-sei=Ishino en-aut-mei=H. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=31 ORCID= en-aut-name=KibayashiA. en-aut-sei=Kibayashi en-aut-mei=A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=32 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoshioY. en-aut-sei=Koshio en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=33 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriT. en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=34 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakudaM. en-aut-sei=Sakuda en-aut-mei=M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=35 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamaguchiR. en-aut-sei=Yamaguchi en-aut-mei=R. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=36 ORCID= en-aut-name=FernandezP. en-aut-sei=Fernandez en-aut-mei=P. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=37 ORCID= en-aut-name=LabargaL. en-aut-sei=Labarga en-aut-mei=L. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=38 ORCID= en-aut-name=BandacI. en-aut-sei=Bandac en-aut-mei=I. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=39 ORCID= en-aut-name=PerezJ. en-aut-sei=Perez en-aut-mei=J. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=40 ORCID= en-aut-name=AmeyJ. en-aut-sei=Amey en-aut-mei=J. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=41 ORCID= en-aut-name=LitchfieldR.P. en-aut-sei=Litchfield en-aut-mei=R.P. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=42 ORCID= en-aut-name=SztucA. en-aut-sei=Sztuc en-aut-mei=A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=43 ORCID= en-aut-name=UchidaY. en-aut-sei=Uchida en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=44 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaW.Y. en-aut-sei=Ma en-aut-mei=W.Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=45 ORCID= en-aut-name=GoldsackA. en-aut-sei=Goldsack en-aut-mei=A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=46 ORCID= en-aut-name=SimpsonC. en-aut-sei=Simpson en-aut-mei=C. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=47 ORCID= en-aut-name=WarkD. en-aut-sei=Wark en-aut-mei=D. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=48 ORCID= en-aut-name=AnthonyL.H.V. en-aut-sei=Anthony en-aut-mei=L.H.V. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=49 ORCID= en-aut-name=McCauleyN. en-aut-sei=McCauley en-aut-mei=N. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=50 ORCID= en-aut-name=PritchardA. en-aut-sei=Pritchard en-aut-mei=A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=51 ORCID= en-aut-name=Di LodovicoF. en-aut-sei=Di Lodovico en-aut-mei=F. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=52 ORCID= en-aut-name=RichardsB. en-aut-sei=Richards en-aut-mei=B. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=53 ORCID= en-aut-name=ColeA. en-aut-sei=Cole en-aut-mei=A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=54 ORCID= en-aut-name=ThiesseM. en-aut-sei=Thiesse en-aut-mei=M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=55 ORCID= en-aut-name=ThompsonL. en-aut-sei=Thompson en-aut-mei=L. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=56 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImberJ. en-aut-sei=Imber en-aut-mei=J. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=57 ORCID= en-aut-name=CaoS.V. en-aut-sei=Cao en-aut-mei=S.V. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=58 ORCID= en-aut-name=ItoK. en-aut-sei=Ito en-aut-mei=K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=59 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeuchiY. en-aut-sei=Takeuchi en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=60 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkutsuR. en-aut-sei=Akutsu en-aut-mei=R. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=61 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishimuraY. en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=62 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkumuraK. en-aut-sei=Okumura en-aut-mei=K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=63 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirotaS. en-aut-sei=Hirota en-aut-mei=S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=64 ORCID= en-aut-name=MutoF. en-aut-sei=Muto en-aut-mei=F. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=65 ORCID= en-aut-name=YokoyamaM. en-aut-sei=Yokoyama en-aut-mei=M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=66 ORCID= en-aut-name=SudaY. en-aut-sei=Suda en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=67 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhangH. en-aut-sei=Zhang en-aut-mei=H. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=68 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil= Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil= Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study kn-affil= affil-num=21 en-affil= Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study kn-affil= affil-num=22 en-affil= Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California kn-affil= affil-num=23 en-affil= Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California kn-affil= affil-num=24 en-affil= Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California kn-affil= affil-num=25 en-affil= Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California kn-affil= affil-num=26 en-affil= Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California kn-affil= affil-num=27 en-affil= Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California kn-affil= affil-num=28 en-affil= Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California kn-affil= affil-num=29 en-affil= Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California kn-affil= affil-num=30 en-affil= Department of Physics, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=31 en-affil=Department of Physics, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=32 en-affil=Department of Physics, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=33 en-affil=Department of Physics, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=34 en-affil=Department of Physics, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=35 en-affil=Department of Physics, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=36 en-affil=Department of Physics, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=37 en-affil= Department of Theoretical Physics, University Autonoma Madrid kn-affil= affil-num=38 en-affil= Department of Theoretical Physics, University Autonoma Madrid kn-affil= affil-num=39 en-affil=Laboratorio Subterraneo de Canfranc kn-affil= affil-num=40 en-affil=Laboratorio Subterraneo de Canfranc kn-affil= affil-num=41 en-affil=Department of Physics, Imperial College London kn-affil= affil-num=42 en-affil=Department of Physics, Imperial College London kn-affil= affil-num=43 en-affil=Department of Physics, Imperial College London kn-affil= affil-num=44 en-affil=Department of Physics, Imperial College London kn-affil= affil-num=45 en-affil=Department of Physics, Imperial College London kn-affil= affil-num=46 en-affil=Department of Physics, Oxford University kn-affil= affil-num=47 en-affil=Department of Physics, Oxford University kn-affil= affil-num=48 en-affil=Department of Physics, Oxford University kn-affil= affil-num=49 en-affil=Department of Physics, University of Liverpool kn-affil= affil-num=50 en-affil=Department of Physics, University of Liverpool kn-affil= affil-num=51 en-affil=Department of Physics, University of Liverpool kn-affil= affil-num=52 en-affil= Department of Physics, King’s College London kn-affil= affil-num=53 en-affil= Department of Physics, King’s College London kn-affil= affil-num=54 en-affil=Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield kn-affil= affil-num=55 en-affil=Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield kn-affil= affil-num=56 en-affil=Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield kn-affil= affil-num=57 en-affil= Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet kn-affil= affil-num=58 en-affil=High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) kn-affil= affil-num=59 en-affil=Department of Physics, Tokai University kn-affil= affil-num=60 en-affil= Department of Physics, Kobe University kn-affil= affil-num=61 en-affil=Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=62 en-affil=Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=63 en-affil=Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=64 en-affil= Department of Physics, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=65 en-affil= Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University kn-affil= affil-num=66 en-affil=Department of Physics, University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=67 en-affil=Department of Physics, University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=68 en-affil=Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=2380179 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2018 dt-pub=20180314 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Serum Procalcitonin Levels in Acute Encephalopathy with Biphasic Seizures and Late Reduced Diffusion en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Procalcitonin (PCT) is used as a biomarker in severe infections. Here, we retrospectively investigated levels of serum PCT, C-reactive protein (CRP), and inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-alpha, and IFN-gamma) in the second phase of patients with acute encephalopathy with biphasic seizures and late reduced diffusion (AESD). Nine AESD pediatric patients (4 men, 5 women; AESD group) admitted to Okayama University Hospital from 2010 to 2016 were compared with 10 control patients with febrile seizures (FS) (3 men, 7 women; FS group). Mean PCT concentrations (ng/mL) in the AESD and FS groups were significantly different, at 9.8 +/- 6.7 and 0.8 +/- 0.9, respectively (p = 0 0006). CRP (mg/dL) were 0.79 +/- 0.89 and 1.4 +/- 1.0 (p = 0 94), respectively; IL-6 (pg/mL) were 449.7 +/- 705.0 and 118.3 +/- 145.4 (p = 0 20), respectively; TNF-alpha (pg/mL) were 18.6 +/- 12.5 and 16.6 +/- 6.0 (p = 0 67), respectively; and IFN-gamma (pg/mL) were 79.6 +/- 158.5 and 41.9 +/- 63.7 (p = 0 56), respectively. Ratios of PCT to CRP were 27.5 +/- 34.2 and 3.2 +/- 6.8 (p < 0 0001), respectively. The sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of AESD using a cutoff of PCT/CRP ratio of 1.0 were 79% and 100%, respectively. These results suggest that PCT and the PCT/CRP ratio are useful in auxiliary diagnosis of the second stage of AESD, and in AESD, PCT is likely to increase through a different mechanism. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FujiiYosuke en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YashiroMasato en-aut-sei=Yashiro en-aut-mei=Masato kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamadaMutsuko en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=Mutsuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KikkawaTomonobu en-aut-sei=Kikkawa en-aut-mei=Tomonobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NosakaNobuyuki en-aut-sei=Nosaka en-aut-mei=Nobuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaitoYukie en-aut-sei=Saito en-aut-mei=Yukie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsukaharaKohei en-aut-sei=Tsukahara en-aut-mei=Kohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkedaMasanori en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Masanori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorishimaTsuneo en-aut-sei=Morishima en-aut-mei=Tsuneo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsukaharaHirokazu en-aut-sei=Tsukahara en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Pediatric Acute Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Pediatric Acute Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=74 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=65 end-page=72 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2020 dt-pub=202002 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Metabolic Profiling of the Cerebrospinal Fluid in Pediatric Epilepsy en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= To characterize metabolic profiles within the central nervous system in epilepsy, we performed gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS)-based metabolome analysis of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in pediatric patients with and without epilepsy. The CSF samples obtained from 64 patients were analyzed by GC-MS/MS. Multivariate analyses were performed for two age groups, 0-5 years of age and 6-17 years of age, to elucidate the effects of epilepsy and antiepileptic drugs on the metabolites. In patients aged 0-5 years (22 patients with epilepsy, 13 without epilepsy), epilepsy patients had reduced 2-ketoglutaric acid and elevated pyridoxamine and tyrosine. In patients aged 6-17 years (12 with epilepsy, 17 without epilepsy), epilepsy patients had reduced 1,5-anhydroglucitol. Valproic acid was associated with elevated 2-aminobutyric acid, 2-ketoisocaproic acid, 4-hydroxyproline, acetylglycine, methionine, N-acetylserine, and serine. Reduced energy metabolism and alteration of vitamin B6 metabolism may play a role in epilepsy in young children. The roles of 1,5-anhydroglucitol in epilepsy in older children and in levetiracetam and zonisamide treatment remain to be explained. Valproic acid influenced the levels of amino acids and related metabolites involved in the metabolism of serine, methionine, and leucine. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AkiyamaTomoyuki en-aut-sei=Akiyama en-aut-mei=Tomoyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaigusaDaisuke en-aut-sei=Saigusa en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HyodoYuki en-aut-sei=Hyodo en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=UmedaKeiko en-aut-sei=Umeda en-aut-mei=Keiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaijoReina en-aut-sei=Saijo en-aut-mei=Reina kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoshibaSeizo en-aut-sei=Koshiba en-aut-mei=Seizo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KobayashiKatsuhiro en-aut-sei=Kobayashi en-aut-mei=Katsuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Child Neurology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Child Neurology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Child Neurology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=antiepileptic drugs kn-keyword=antiepileptic drugs en-keyword=gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry kn-keyword=gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry en-keyword=metabolome analysis kn-keyword=metabolome analysis en-keyword=metabolomics kn-keyword=metabolomics END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=74 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=53 end-page=58 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2020 dt-pub=202002 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Robotic Renal Autotransplantation: A Feasibility Study in a Porcine Model en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= We investigated the feasibility of robotic renal autotransplantation (RAT) in a porcine model to reduce invasiveness of RAT. Five pigs underwent robotic RAT using the da Vinci® robotic system. A robotic left nephrectomy was performed in all cases. Robotic RAT was performed on the left side in all but one case. Four ports were used. In 3 cases, the kidney was taken out through the GelPort® and irrigated on ice with Ringer’s solution. In 2 cases, a complete intracorporeal robotic RAT was performed. An end-to-side anastomosis was performed between the renal vein and the external iliac vein and between the renal artery and the external iliac artery. Ureteroneocystostomy was also performed in 2 cases. All cases were performed robotically without open conversion. The median (IQR) console time was 3.1 (0.7) h, and the operative time was 3.8 (1.1) h. The estimated blood loss was 30 (0) ml. The warm ischemia time was 4.0 (0.2) min, and the cold ischemia time was 97 (17) min. Intracorporeal transarterial hypothermic renal perfusion was feasible in the 2 complete intracorporeal robotic RAT cases by using a perfusion catheter through a laparoscopic port. Robotic RAT has the potential to be a new minimally invasive substitute for conventional open surgery. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KubotaRisa en-aut-sei=Kubota en-aut-mei=Risa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ArakiMotoo en-aut-sei=Araki en-aut-mei=Motoo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadaKoichiro en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Koichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawamuraKasumi en-aut-sei=Kawamura en-aut-mei=Kasumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaruyamaYuki en-aut-sei=Maruyama en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitsuiYosuke en-aut-sei=Mitsui en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SadahiraTakuya en-aut-sei=Sadahira en-aut-mei=Takuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=AriyoshiYuichi en-aut-sei=Ariyoshi en-aut-mei=Yuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwataTakehiro en-aut-sei=Iwata en-aut-mei=Takehiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishimuraShingo en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Shingo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakamotoAtsushi en-aut-sei=Takamoto en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakoTomoko en-aut-sei=Sako en-aut-mei=Tomoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=EdamuraKohei en-aut-sei=Edamura en-aut-mei=Kohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=KobayashiYasuyuki en-aut-sei=Kobayashi en-aut-mei=Yasuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanoYuzuki en-aut-sei=Kano en-aut-mei=Yuzuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitagawaMasashi en-aut-sei=Kitagawa en-aut-mei=Masashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanabeKatsuyuki en-aut-sei=Tanabe en-aut-mei=Katsuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugiyamaHitoshi en-aut-sei=Sugiyama en-aut-mei=Hitoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadaJun en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeMasami en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Masami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeToyohiko en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Toyohiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=21 ORCID= en-aut-name=NasuYasutomo en-aut-sei=Nasu en-aut-mei=Yasutomo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=22 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=21 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=22 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=renal autotransplantation kn-keyword=renal autotransplantation en-keyword=robotic kn-keyword=robotic en-keyword=porcine model kn-keyword=porcine model en-keyword=transplantation kn-keyword=transplantation END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=1864 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=129466 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2020 dt-pub=20200229 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Time-resolved studies of metalloproteins using X-ray free electron laser radiation at SACLA en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: The invention of the X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) has provided unprecedented new opportunities for structural biology. The advantage of XFEL is an intense pulse of X-rays and a very short pulse duration (<10 fs) promising a damage-free and time-resolved crystallography approach.
Scope of review: Recent time-resolved crystallographic analyses in XFEL facility SACLA are reviewed. Specifically, metalloproteins involved in the essential reactions of bioenergy conversion including photosystem II, cytochrome c oxidase and nitric oxide reductase are described.
Major conclusions: XFEL with pump-probe techniques successfully visualized the process of the reaction and the dynamics of a protein. Since the active center of metalloproteins is very sensitive to the X-ray radiation, damage-free structures obtained by XFEL are essential to draw mechanistic conclusions. Methods and tools for sample delivery and reaction initiation are key for successful measurement of the time-resolved data.
General significance: XFEL is at the center of approaches to gain insight into complex mechanism of structural dynamics and the reactions catalyzed by biological macromolecules. Further development has been carried out to expand the application of time-resolved X-ray crystallography. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Novel measurement techniques for visualizing 'live' protein molecules. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SugaMichihiro en-aut-sei=Suga en-aut-mei=Michihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimadaAtsuhiro en-aut-sei=Shimada en-aut-mei=Atsuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkitaFusamichi en-aut-sei=Akita en-aut-mei=Fusamichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShenJian-Ren en-aut-sei=Shen en-aut-mei=Jian-Ren kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToshaTakehiko en-aut-sei=Tosha en-aut-mei=Takehiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugimotoHiroshi en-aut-sei=Sugimoto en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Applied Biological Sciences and Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Synchrotron Radiation Life Science Instrumentation Team, RIKEN SPring-8 Center kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Synchrotron Radiation Life Science Instrumentation Team, RIKEN SPring-8 Center kn-affil= en-keyword=Heme kn-keyword=Heme en-keyword=Metalloproteins kn-keyword=Metalloproteins en-keyword=Proton pump kn-keyword=Proton pump en-keyword=Radiation damage kn-keyword=Radiation damage en-keyword=Serial femtosecond crystallography kn-keyword=Serial femtosecond crystallography en-keyword=X-ray free-electron laser kn-keyword=X-ray free-electron laser END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=4 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=577 end-page=583 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=20191014 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Mechanical and fatigue properties of long carbon fiber reinforced plastics at low temperature en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The mechanical properties of long unidirectional (UD) and crossply (CR) carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRPs) were investigated at a low temperature (−196 °C). The CFRPs were fabricated from 60 vol.% carbon fiber and epoxy resin. The bending strength of the UD-CFRP was approximately twice that of the CR-CFRP. The high strength of the UD-CFRP was directly attributed to the amount of carbon fiber oriented along the loading direction: 60% for UD-CFRP compared with 30% for CR-CFRP. The low-temperature (−196 °C) tensile and fatigue strengths of the UD-CFRP were over 1.5 times greater than those at room temperature (20 °C). This was attributed to the increased epoxy strength at low temperatures along with the internal compressive stress arising from the different thermal expansion coefficients of the carbon fiber and epoxy. Both the epoxy strength and internal compressive strength were employed as factors in a compound law to numerically estimate the low-temperature tensile strength. This work presents a systematic analysis for changes in the CFRP material properties at low temperatures. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkayasuMitsuhiro en-aut-sei=Okayasu en-aut-mei=Mitsuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsuchiyaYuki en-aut-sei=Tsuchiya en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=CFRP kn-keyword=CFRP en-keyword=Carbon fiber kn-keyword=Carbon fiber en-keyword=Tensile strength kn-keyword=Tensile strength en-keyword=Fatigue strength kn-keyword=Fatigue strength en-keyword=Low temperature kn-keyword=Low temperature END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=96 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=104086 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=20191031 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Association between mothers’ problematic Internet use and maternal recognition of child abuse en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: There are few studies about mothers' problematic Internet use (PIU). Mothers' PIU may lead to inadequate parenting and child abuse.
Objective: This cross-sectional study aimed to clarify the association between mothers' PIU and their recognition of child abuse.
Participants and setting: We analyzed data collected of health examinations of children aged 4 months, 1.5 years, and 3 years which were carried out in Matsue City, Shimane Prefecture, Japan between April 2016 and March 2017. The number of the subjects were 1685, 1729, 1674, respectively.
Methods: We used logistic regression analysis to clarify the association between mothers' PIU (Young's Diagnostic Questionnaire for Internet Addiction score: ≥5) and their recognition of child abuse (selecting < True of me > for < I sometimes think that I am abusing my child > on a questionnaire survey), which was adjusted for covariates such as maternal age, number of children, daytime caretaker, social support, postpartum depression, and current smoking status of the parents.
Results: Based on the multivariate logistic regression analysis, the mothers' PIU was significantly correlated with their recognition of child abuse for children aged 4 months, 1.5 years, or 3 years [odds ratio (OR): 13.30, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.26-139.98, OR: 7.02, 95% CI: 1.28-38.55, and OR: 28.06, 2.48-317.93, respectively].
Conclusion: This study revealed the possibility that mothers with PIU recognize child abuse more than mothers without PIU. However, further studies should be conducted to increase reliability and validity. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakakiharaAya en-aut-sei=Sakakihara en-aut-mei=Aya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HagaChiyori en-aut-sei=Haga en-aut-mei=Chiyori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KinjoAya en-aut-sei=Kinjo en-aut-mei=Aya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiYoneatsu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Yoneatsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Community Health Nursing, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Division of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Division of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University kn-affil= en-keyword=Child abuse kn-keyword=Child abuse en-keyword=Parenting anxiety kn-keyword=Parenting anxiety en-keyword=Parenting burden kn-keyword=Parenting burden en-keyword=Problematic Internet use kn-keyword=Problematic Internet use en-keyword=Recognition of child abuse kn-keyword=Recognition of child abuse END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=91 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=22 end-page=31 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=20191115 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Collagen adhesion gene is associated with blood stream infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Objectives: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) causes hospital- and community-acquired infections. It is not clear whether genetic characteristics of the bacteria contribute to disease pathogenesis in MRSA infection. We hypothesized that whole genome analysis of MRSA strains could reveal the key gene loci and/or the gene mutations that affect clinical manifestations of MRSA infection.
Methods: Whole genome sequences (WGS) of MRSA of 154 strains were analyzed with respect to clinical manifestations and data. Further, we evaluated the association between clinical manifestations in MRSA infection and genomic information.
Results: WGS revealed gene mutations that correlated with clinical manifestations of MRSA infection. Moreover, 12 mutations were selected as important mutations by Random Forest analysis. Cluster analysis revealed strains associated with a high frequency of bloodstream infection (BSI). Twenty seven out of 34 strains in this cluster caused BSI. These strains were all positive for collagen adhesion gene (cna) and have mutations in the locus, those were selected by Random Forest analysis. Univariate and multivariate analysis revealed that these gene mutations were the predictor for the incidence of BSI. Interestingly, mutant CNA protein showed lower attachment ability to collagen, suggesting that the mutant protein might contribute to the dissemination of bacteria.
Conclusions: These findings suggest that the bacterial genotype affects the clinical characteristics of MRSA infection. (c) 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IwataYasunori en-aut-sei=Iwata en-aut-mei=Yasunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatouKenji en-aut-sei=Satou en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FuruichiKengo en-aut-sei=Furuichi en-aut-mei=Kengo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YonedaIkuko en-aut-sei=Yoneda en-aut-mei=Ikuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumuraTakuhiro en-aut-sei=Matsumura en-aut-mei=Takuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YutaniMasahiro en-aut-sei=Yutani en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujinagaYukako en-aut-sei=Fujinaga en-aut-mei=Yukako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaseAtsushi en-aut-sei=Hase en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoritaHidetoshi en-aut-sei=Morita en-aut-mei=Hidetoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhtaToshiko en-aut-sei=Ohta en-aut-mei=Toshiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=SendaYasuko en-aut-sei=Senda en-aut-mei=Yasuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=Sakai-TakemoriYukiko en-aut-sei=Sakai-Takemori en-aut-mei=Yukiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadaTaizo en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Taizo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujitaShinichi en-aut-sei=Fujita en-aut-mei=Shinichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyakeTaito en-aut-sei=Miyake en-aut-mei=Taito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=YasudaHaruka en-aut-sei=Yasuda en-aut-mei=Haruka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakaiNorihiko en-aut-sei=Sakai en-aut-mei=Norihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitajimaShinji en-aut-sei=Kitajima en-aut-mei=Shinji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyamaTadashi en-aut-sei=Toyama en-aut-mei=Tadashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShinozakiYasuyuki en-aut-sei=Shinozaki en-aut-mei=Yasuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= en-aut-name=SagaraAkihiro en-aut-sei=Sagara en-aut-mei=Akihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=21 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyagawaTaro en-aut-sei=Miyagawa en-aut-mei=Taro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=22 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaraAkinori en-aut-sei=Hara en-aut-mei=Akinori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=23 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimizuMiho en-aut-sei=Shimizu en-aut-mei=Miho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=24 ORCID= en-aut-name=KamikawaYasutaka en-aut-sei=Kamikawa en-aut-mei=Yasutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=25 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkeoKazuho en-aut-sei=Ikeo en-aut-mei=Kazuho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=26 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShichinoShigeyuki en-aut-sei=Shichino en-aut-mei=Shigeyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=27 ORCID= en-aut-name=UehaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Ueha en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=28 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakajimaTakuya en-aut-sei=Nakajima en-aut-mei=Takuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=29 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsushimaKouji en-aut-sei=Matsushima en-aut-mei=Kouji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=30 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanekoShuichi en-aut-sei=Kaneko en-aut-mei=Shuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=31 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadaTakashi en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=32 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Division of Infection Control, Kanazawa University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Kanazawa University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Division of Nephrology, Kanazawa Medical University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Division of Nephrology, Kanazawa University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Bacteriology, Kanazawa University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Kanazawa University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=University of Tsukuba kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Division of Infection Control, Kanazawa University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Division of Infection Control, Kanazawa University kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Division of Infection Control, Kanazawa University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Division of Infection Control, Kanazawa University kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Division of Nephrology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; Department of Disease Control and Homeostasis, Kanazawa University kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa University kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Division of Nephrology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; Division of Blood Purification, Kanazawa University kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Division of Nephrology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; Department of Disease Control and Homeostasis, Kanazawa University kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Division of Nephrology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; Department of Disease Control and Homeostasis, Kanazawa University kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Division of Nephrology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; Department of Disease Control and Homeostasis, Kanazawa University kn-affil= affil-num=21 en-affil=Division of Nephrology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; Department of Disease Control and Homeostasis, Kanazawa University kn-affil= affil-num=22 en-affil=Division of Nephrology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; Department of Disease Control and Homeostasis, Kanazawa University kn-affil= affil-num=23 en-affil=Division of Nephrology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; Department of Disease Control and Homeostasis, Kanazawa University kn-affil= affil-num=24 en-affil=Division of Nephrology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; Department of Disease Control and Homeostasis, Kanazawa University kn-affil= affil-num=25 en-affil=Division of Nephrology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; Department of Disease Control and Homeostasis, Kanazawa University kn-affil= affil-num=26 en-affil=Laboratory of DNA Data Analysis, National Institute of Genetics kn-affil= affil-num=27 en-affil=Department of Molecular Preventive Medicine, University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=28 en-affil=Department of Molecular Preventive Medicine, University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=29 en-affil=Department of Molecular Preventive Medicine, University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=30 en-affil=Department of Molecular Preventive Medicine, University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=31 en-affil=epartment of Disease Control and Homeostasis, Kanazawa University kn-affil= affil-num=32 en-affil=Division of Nephrology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa University kn-affil= en-keyword=Bloodstream infection kn-keyword=Bloodstream infection en-keyword=Cna kn-keyword=Cna en-keyword=MRSA kn-keyword=MRSA en-keyword=Whole genome sequencing kn-keyword=Whole genome sequencing END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=109 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=106604 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=20191231 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The effects of BaTiO3 nanodots density support on epitaxial LiCoO2 thin-film for high-speed rechargeability en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=LiCoO2 (LCO) is one of the most promising cathode materials for Li ion batteries (LIBs). However, LCO shows a rate-limiting step of Li+ migration between electrode and electrolyte interfaces, requiring LIBs to be charged under low-current conditions. For next generation batteries, it will be necessary to meet the demand for a shorter charging-time. We investigated a support method for the LCO surface to improve high C-rate performance, and revealed that the Li+ intercalation/de-intercalation reaction into/from LCO was accelerated by the introduction of a BaTiO3-LCO-electrolyte interface (triple-phase interface; TPI), due to the electric field concentration near the TPI. In this report, we investigate the dependence of high C-rate performance on the density of surface BaTiO3 nanodots using epitaxial LiCoO2 thin films created via pulsed laser deposition (PLD). As the number of nanodots increased, so did discharge capacity at 50C, becoming saturated at surface coverage over 22%. However, at 100C, the discharge capacity decreased at surface coverage over 40%. These results indicate that coalescence of nanodots reduces not only the TPI length but also the electrochemically active range at quite high C-rate. Therefore, we infer that optimal surface coverage should be varied depending on the C-rate. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YasuharaSou en-aut-sei=Yasuhara en-aut-mei=Sou kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YasuiShintaro en-aut-sei=Yasui en-aut-mei=Shintaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TeranishiTakashi en-aut-sei=Teranishi en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshikawaYumi en-aut-sei=Yoshikawa en-aut-mei=Yumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaniyamaTomoyasu en-aut-sei=Taniyama en-aut-mei=Tomoyasu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ItohMitsuru en-aut-sei=Itoh en-aut-mei=Mitsuru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Laboratory for Materials and Structures, Tokyo Institute of Technology kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Laboratory for Materials and Structures, Tokyo Institute of Technology kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Laboratory for Materials and Structures, Tokyo Institute of Technology kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Laboratory for Materials and Structures, Tokyo Institute of Technology kn-affil= en-keyword=High speed chargeability kn-keyword=High speed chargeability en-keyword=Nanodots kn-keyword=Nanodots en-keyword=Density kn-keyword=Density en-keyword=Dielectrics kn-keyword=Dielectrics en-keyword=LiCoO2 kn-keyword=LiCoO2 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=79 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=684 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=20190814 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Raman stimulated neutrino pair emission en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= A new scheme using macroscopic coherence is proposed to experimentally determine the neutrino mass matrix, in particular the absolute value of neutrino masses, and the mass type, Majorana or Dirac. The proposed process is a collective, coherent Raman scattering followed by neutrino-pair emission from | e of a long lifetime to | g ;.0 + | e .. + i j.i. j + | g with.i. j consisting of six massive neutrino-pairs. Calculated angular distribution has six (i j) thresholds which showup as steps at different angles. Angular locations of thresholds and event rates of the angular distribution make it possible to experimentally determine the smallest neutrino mass to the level of less than several meV, (accordingly all threemasses using neutrino oscillation data), the mass ordering pattern, normal or inverted, and to distinguish whether neutrinos are ofMajorana or Dirac type. Event rates of neutrino-pair emission, when the mechanism of macroscopic coherence amplification works, may become large enough for realistic experiments by carefully selecting certain types of target. The problem to be overcome is macro-coherently amplified quantum electrodynamic background of the process,.0 + | e .. +.2 +.3 + | g , when two extra photons,.2,.3, escape detection. We illustrate our idea using neutral Xe and trivalent Ho ion doped in dielectric crystals. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HaraHideaki en-aut-sei=Hara en-aut-mei=Hideaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshimuraMotohiko en-aut-sei=Yoshimura en-aut-mei=Motohiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary ScienceOkayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary ScienceOkayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=117 end-page=124 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2020 dt-pub=202004 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Evaluation of Therapeutic Target Gene Expression Based on Residual Cancer Burden Classification After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for HER2-Negative Breast Cancer en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Introduction
Patients with residual disease usually have a poor prognosis after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. The aim of this study was to explore therapeutic targets and potential additional adjuvant treatments for patients with residual disease after standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Patients and Methods
We retrieved publicly available complementary DNA microarray data from 399 human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative primary breast cancer samples from patients who underwent standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy. We analyzed the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels of key breast cancer markers and therapeutic target genes according to residual cancer burden (RCB) classification: RCB-0/I, RCB-II, and RCB-III.
Results
Among hormone receptor–positive samples, there were more luminal A tumors by PAM50 (Prediction Analysis of Microarray 50 [Prosigna], aka Prosigna Breast Cancer Prognostic Gene Signature Assay) in RCB-III than in RCB-0/I and RCB-II (P < .01). The mRNA expressions of ESR1 and PGR were significantly higher, and that of MKI67 was lower in RCB-II and RCB-III than in RCB-0/I. The mRNA expression of cyclin D1 was up-regulated in RCB-III and that of CDKN2A was down-regulated in RCB-III (P = .027 and < .01). Among triple-negative (TN) samples, RCB-III had higher clinical stage and more lymph node–positive samples than RCB-0/1 and RCB-II (P < .01). In both subtypes, VEGF-C expression was significantly higher in RCB-III than in RCB-0/I and RCB-II.
Conclusion
In hormone receptor–positive breast cancer, biological features such as luminal A were associated with RCB; this trend was not observed in TN breast cancer. Further, some targeted therapies should be tested as new strategies after standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy in future clinical trials. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakahashiYuko en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Yuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwamotoTakayuki en-aut-sei=Iwamoto en-aut-mei=Takayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiYoko en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Yoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KajiwaraYukiko en-aut-sei=Kajiwara en-aut-mei=Yukiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HatonoMinami en-aut-sei=Hatono en-aut-mei=Minami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsukiokiTakahiro en-aut-sei=Tsukioki en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawadaKengo en-aut-sei=Kawada en-aut-mei=Kengo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KochiMariko en-aut-sei=Kochi en-aut-mei=Mariko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkedaHirokuni en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Hirokuni kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShienTadahiko en-aut-sei=Shien en-aut-mei=Tadahiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=TairaNaruto en-aut-sei=Taira en-aut-mei=Naruto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuokaJunji en-aut-sei=Matsuoka en-aut-mei=Junji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=DoiharaHiroyoshi en-aut-sei=Doihara en-aut-mei=Hiroyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyookaShinichi en-aut-sei=Toyooka en-aut-mei=Shinichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Departments of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Departments of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Departments of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Departments of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Departments of Palliative and Supportive Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Gene expression kn-keyword=Gene expression en-keyword=Hormone receptor positive kn-keyword=Hormone receptor positive en-keyword=Residual tumor burden kn-keyword=Residual tumor burden en-keyword=Targeted therapy kn-keyword=Targeted therapy en-keyword=Triple negative kn-keyword=Triple negative END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=100204 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=20190930 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effect of intravenous immunoglobulin therapy on anti-NT5C1A antibody-positive inclusion body myositis after successful treatment of hepatitis C: A case report en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= Inclusion body myositis (IBM) is the commonest idiopathic inflammatory myopathy of older persons. Pathophysiological mechanism of IBM remains unknown; however, an association of IBM with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and serum autoantibodies against skeletal muscle protein 5′-nucleotidase 1A (NT5C1A) has recently been reported. No effective treatment for IBM has yet been developed. We here present a 70-year-old man who was anti-NT5C1A antibody-positive in association with IBM and chronic hepatitis C. The initial treatment of ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir for his chronic hepatitis C was successful; however, his symptoms of IBM did not improve. On the contrary, his quadriplegic paralysis became more severe and he developed dysphagia. Next, steroid pulse therapy was initiated for IBM and, although his hyper-creatine phosphokinase-emia improved, his symptoms did not; indeed, they worsened. Subsequent intravenous immunoglobulin therapy (IVIg) resulted in obvious improvement in his dysphagia. Thereafter IVIg therapy was repeated at approximately 2-monthly intervals. His dysphagia remained improved for more than 1 year; however, his quadriplegia continued to progress slowly. Although IBM can reportedly be associated with hepatitis C, we inferred that there was no direct relationship between these conditions in our patient because his IBM did not improve after treatment of his hepatitis C. Although his IBM-associated quadriplegia did not improve, IVIg therapy did result in improvement in his dysphagia. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Takamiya Motonori en-aut-sei=Takamiya en-aut-mei= Motonori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=Takahashi Yoshiaki en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei= Yoshiaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=Morimoto Mizuki en-aut-sei=Morimoto en-aut-mei= Mizuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=Morimoto Nobutoshi en-aut-sei=Morimoto en-aut-mei= Nobutoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=Yamashita Satoshi en-aut-sei=Yamashita en-aut-mei= Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=Abe Koji en-aut-sei=Abe en-aut-mei= Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Anti-skeletal muscle protein 5′-nucleotidase 1A antibody kn-keyword=Anti-skeletal muscle protein 5′-nucleotidase 1A antibody en-keyword= Chronic hepatitis C kn-keyword= Chronic hepatitis C en-keyword=Dysphagia kn-keyword=Dysphagia en-keyword=Inclusion body myositis kn-keyword=Inclusion body myositis en-keyword=Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy kn-keyword=Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=20190828 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Ethyl acetate extract of Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn. reduces methotrexate-induced renal damage in rats via antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic actions en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= Methotrexate (MTX) is a chemotherapeutic agent and an immunosuppressant used to treat cancer and autoimmune diseases. However, its use is limited by its multi-organ toxicity, including nephrotoxicity, which is related to MTX-driven oxidative stress. Silencing oxidative stressors is therefore an important strategy in minimizing MTX adverse effects.Medicinal plants rich in phenolic compounds are probable candidates to overcome these oxidants. Herein, C. pentandra ethyl acetate extract showed powerful in vitro radical-scavenging potential (IC50 = 0.0716) comparable to those of the standard natural (ascorbic acid, IC50 = 0.045) and synthetic (BHA, IC50 = 0.056) antioxidants. The effect of C. pentandra ethyl acetate extract against MTX-induced nephrotoxicity in rats was evaluated by administering the extract (400 mg/kg/day) or the standard antioxidant silymarin (100 mg/kg/day) orally for 5 days before and 5 days after a single MTX injection (20 mg/kg, i.p.).C. pentandra showed slight superiorities over silymarin in restoring the MTX-impaired renal functions, with approximately twofold decreases in overall kidney function tests. C. pentandra also improved renal antioxidant capacity and reduced the MTX-induced oxidative stress. Moreover, C. pentandra inhibited MTX-initiated apoptotic and inflammatory cascades, and attenuated MTX-induced histopathological changes in renal tissue architecture.Phytochemical investigation of the extract led to the purification of the phenolics quercitrin (1), cinchonains 1a (2) and 1b (3), cis-clovamide (4), trans-clovamide (5), and glochidioboside (6); a structurally similar with many of the reported antioxidant and nephroprotective agents. In conclusion, these data demonstrate that C. pentandra exhibits nephroprotective effect against MTX-induced kidney damage via its antioxidant, antiapoptotic and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. TaxonomyFunctional Disorder, Traditional Medicine, Herbal Medicine. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Abouelela Mohamed E. en-aut-sei=Abouelela en-aut-mei= Mohamed E. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=Orabi Mohamed A.A. en-aut-sei=Orabi en-aut-mei= Mohamed A.A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=Abdelhamid Reda A. en-aut-sei=Abdelhamid en-aut-mei= Reda A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=Abdelkader Mohamed S. en-aut-sei=Abdelkader en-aut-mei= Mohamed S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=Madkor Hafez R. en-aut-sei=Madkor en-aut-mei= Hafez R. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=Darwish Faten M.M. en-aut-sei=Darwish en-aut-mei= Faten M.M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=Hatano Tsutomu en-aut-sei=Hatano en-aut-mei= Tsutomu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=Elsadek Bakheet E.M. en-aut-sei=Elsadek en-aut-mei= Bakheet E.M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University kn-affil= en-keyword=Ceiba pentandra(L.) Gaertn. kn-keyword=Ceiba pentandra(L.) Gaertn. en-keyword=Methotrexate kn-keyword=Methotrexate en-keyword=Nephrotoxicity kn-keyword=Nephrotoxicity en-keyword=Antioxidant kn-keyword=Antioxidant END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=104 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=106475 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=20190731 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Bipolar anodic electrochemical exfoliation of graphite powders en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The electrochemical exfoliation of graphite has attracted considerable attention as a method for large-scale, rapid production of graphene and graphene oxide (GO). As exfoliation typically requires direct electrical contact, and is limited by the shape and/or size of the starting graphite, treatment of small graphite particles and powders, the typical form available commercially, is extremely difficult. In this study, GO nanosheets were successfully prepared from small graphite particles and powders by a bipolar electrochemical process. Graphite samples were placed between two platinum feeder electrodes, and a constant current was applied between the feeder electrodes using dilute sulfuric acid as the electrolyte. Optical microscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffractometry, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were employed to examine the samples obtained after electrolysis. The results obtained from these analyses confirmed that anodic electrochemical exfoliation occurs in the graphite samples, and the exfoliated samples are basically highly crystalline GO nanosheets with a low degree of oxidation (C/O = 3.6–5.3). This simple electrochemical method is extremely useful for preparing large amounts of graphene and GO from small particles of graphite. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HashimotoHideki en-aut-sei=Hashimoto en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MuramatsuYusuke en-aut-sei=Muramatsu en-aut-mei=Yusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishinaYuta en-aut-sei=Nishina en-aut-mei=Yuta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsohHidetaka en-aut-sei=Asoh en-aut-mei=Hidetaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Advanced Engineering, Kogakuin University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Advanced Engineering, Kogakuin University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Research Core for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Advanced Engineering, Kogakuin University kn-affil= en-keyword=Graphite kn-keyword=Graphite en-keyword=Graphene kn-keyword=Graphene en-keyword=Graphene oxide kn-keyword=Graphene oxide en-keyword=Electrochemical exfoliation kn-keyword=Electrochemical exfoliation en-keyword=Anode kn-keyword=Anode en-keyword=Bipolar electrochemistry kn-keyword=Bipolar electrochemistry END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=36 cd-vols= no-issue=7 article-no= start-page=1791 end-page=1816 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=20190527 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Axially asymmetric traveling fronts in balanced bistable reaction-diffusion equations en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= For a balanced bistable reaction-diffusion equation, an axisymmetric traveling front has been well known. This paper proves that an axially asymmetric traveling front with any positive speed does exist in a balanced bistable reaction-diffusion equation. Our method is as follows. We use a pyramidal traveling front for an unbalanced reaction-diffusion equation whose cross section has a major axis and a minor axis. Preserving the ratio of the major axis and a minor axis to be a constant and taking the balanced limit, we obtain a traveling front in a balanced bistable reaction-diffusion equation. This traveling front is monotone decreasing with respect to the traveling axis, and its cross section is a compact set with a major axis and a minor axis when the constant ratio is not 1. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TaniguchiMasaharu en-aut-sei=Taniguchi en-aut-mei=Masaharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Traveling front kn-keyword=Traveling front en-keyword=Reaction-diffusion equation kn-keyword=Reaction-diffusion equation en-keyword=Asymmetric kn-keyword=Asymmetric en-keyword=Balanced kn-keyword=Balanced END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=68 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=197 end-page=200 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=20191231 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=High surface quality micro machining of monocrystalline diamond by picosecond pulsed laser en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In micro machining of monocrystalline diamond by pulsed laser, unique processing characteristics appeared only under a few ten picosecond pulse duration and a certain overlap rate of laser shot. Cracks mostly propagate in parallel direction to top surface of workpiece, although the laser beam axis is perpendicular to the surface. This processed area can keep diamond structure, and its surface roughness is smaller than R-a = 0.2 mu M. New laser micro machining method to keep diamond structure and small surface roughness is proposed. This method can contribute to reduce the polishing process in micro machining of diamond. (C) 2019 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of CIRP. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkamotoY. en-aut-sei=Okamoto en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkadaA. en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KajitaniA. en-aut-sei=Kajitani en-aut-mei=A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShinonagaT. en-aut-sei=Shinonaga en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science & Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science & Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science & Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science & Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Laser beam machining (LBM) kn-keyword=Laser beam machining (LBM) en-keyword=Laser micro machining kn-keyword=Laser micro machining en-keyword=Diamond kn-keyword=Diamond END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=73 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=333 end-page=339 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=201908 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Efficacy and Safety of Steroids for Preventing Postembolization Syndrome after Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization of Hepatocellular Carcinoma en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= Steroids are often administered at the time of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE), a standard treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), with the expectation of preventing postembolization syndrome. Here we investigated the precise effects of steroids on TACE. We prospectively enrolled 144 HCC patients from 10 hospitals who underwent TACE. Three hospitals used steroids (steroid group, n=77) and the rest did not routinely use steroids (control group, n=67). The occurrence of adverse events and the algetic degree at 1-5 days post-treatment were compared between the groups. Fever (grades 0-2) after TACE was significantly less in the steroid group (56/21/0) compared to the control group (35/29/3, p=0.005, Cochran-Armitage test for trend). The suppressive effect of steroids against fever was prominent in females (p=0.001). Vomiting (G0/G1/ G2-) was also less frequent in the steroid group (70/5/2) versus the control group (53/10/3), but not significantly (p=0.106). The algetic degree and the grade of hematological adverse events, including hyperglycemia, did not differ between the groups. We conclude that the administration of steroids was useful for the prevention of adverse events after TACE in patients with HCC. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KuwakiKenji en-aut-sei=Kuwaki en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NousoKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Nouso en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyashitaManabi en-aut-sei=Miyashita en-aut-mei=Manabi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MakinoYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Makino en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HagiharaHiroaki en-aut-sei=Hagihara en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriyaAkio en-aut-sei=Moriya en-aut-mei=Akio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=AdachiTakuya en-aut-sei=Adachi en-aut-mei=Takuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadaNozomu en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Nozomu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=YasunakaYuki en-aut-sei=Yasunaka en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=YasunakaTetsuya en-aut-sei=Yasunaka en-aut-mei=Tetsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeuchiYasuto en-aut-sei=Takeuchi en-aut-mei=Yasuto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=OnishiHideki en-aut-sei=Onishi en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraShinichiro en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Shinichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkedaFusao en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Fusao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShirahaHidenori en-aut-sei=Shiraha en-aut-mei=Hidenori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakakiAkinobu en-aut-sei=Takaki en-aut-mei=Akinobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkadaHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology, Iwakuni Clinical Center kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology, Iwakuni Clinical Center kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Internal Medicine, Sumitomo Besshi Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology, Mitoyo General Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=antipyretic kn-keyword=antipyretic en-keyword=hepatocellular carcinoma kn-keyword=hepatocellular carcinoma en-keyword=therapeutic chemoembolization kn-keyword=therapeutic chemoembolization en-keyword=steroid kn-keyword=steroid END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=73 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=147 end-page=153 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=201904 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Prolonged Tachycardia with Higher Heart Rate Is Associated with Higher ICU and In-hospital Mortality en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= Tachycardia is common in intensive care units (ICUs). It is unknown whether tachycardia or prolonged tachycardia affects patient outcomes. We investigated the association between tachycardia and mortality in critically ill patients. This retrospective cohort study’s primary outcome was patient mortality in the ICU and the hospital. We stratified the patients (n=476) by heart rate (HR) as LowHR, MediumHR, and HighHR groups. We also stratified them by their durations of HR >100 (prolonged HR; tachycardia): MildT, ModerateT, and SevereT groups. We determined the six groups’ mortality. The ICU mortality rates of the LowHR, MediumHR, and HighHR groups were 1.0%, 1.5%, and 7.9%, respectively; significantly higher in the HighHR vs. LowHR group. The in-hospital mortality rates of these groups were 1%, 4.5%, and 14.6%, respectively; significantly higher in the HighHR vs. LowHR group. The ICU mortality rates of the MildT, ModerateT, and SevereT groups were 0.9%, 5.6%, and 57.1%, respectively. The mortality of the HRT=0 (i.e., all HR ≤ 100) patients was 0%. The in-hospital mortality rates of the MildT, ModerateT, and SevereT groups were 1.8%, 16.7%, and 85.7%, respectively; that of the HRT=0 patients was 0.5%. Both higher HR and prolonged tachycardia were associated with poor outcomes. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HayashiMasao en-aut-sei=Hayashi en-aut-mei=Masao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaniguchiArata en-aut-sei=Taniguchi en-aut-mei=Arata kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KakuRyuji en-aut-sei=Kaku en-aut-mei=Ryuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujimotoShusaku en-aut-sei=Fujimoto en-aut-mei=Shusaku kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=IsoyamaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Isoyama en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ManabeSei en-aut-sei=Manabe en-aut-mei=Sei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaTsubasa en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Tsubasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiSatoshi en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimizuKazuyoshi en-aut-sei=Shimizu en-aut-mei=Kazuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorimatsuHiroshi en-aut-sei=Morimatsu en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=MomotaRyusuke en-aut-sei=Momota en-aut-mei=Ryusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Okayama University Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology, Tottori Municipal Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Human Morphology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=tachycardia kn-keyword=tachycardia en-keyword=mortality kn-keyword=mortality en-keyword=ICU kn-keyword=ICU en-keyword=in-hospital kn-keyword=in-hospital END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=97 cd-vols= no-issue=10 article-no= start-page=104503 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2018 dt-pub=20180307 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Pressure-induced superconductivity in AgxBi2-xSe3 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= We investigated the pressure dependence of electric transport and crystal structure of Ag-doped Bi2Se3. In the sample prepared by Ag doping of Bi2Se3, the Bi atom was partially replaced by Ag, i.e., Ag0.05Bi1.95Se3. X-ray diffraction patterns of Ag0.05Bi1.95Se3 measured at 0–30 GPa showed three different structural phases, with rhombohedral, monoclinic, and tetragonal structures forming in turn as pressure increased, and structural phase transitions at 8.8 and 24 GPa. Ag0.05Bi1.95Se3 showed no superconductivity down to 2.0 K at 0 GPa, but under pressure, superconductivity suddenly appeared at 11 GPa. The magnetic field (H) dependence of the superconducting transition temperature Tc was measured at 11 and 20.5 GPa, in order to investigate whether the pressure-induced superconducting phase is explained by either p-wave polar model or s-wave model. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HeTong en-aut-sei=He en-aut-mei=Tong kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YangXiaofan en-aut-sei=Yang en-aut-mei=Xiaofan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TeraoTakahiro en-aut-sei=Terao en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=UchiyamaTakaki en-aut-sei=Uchiyama en-aut-mei=Takaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=UenoTeppei en-aut-sei=Ueno en-aut-mei=Teppei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KobayashiKaya en-aut-sei=Kobayashi en-aut-mei=Kaya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkimitsuJun en-aut-sei=Akimitsu en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyazakiTakafumi en-aut-sei=Miyazaki en-aut-mei=Takafumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiokaTakumi en-aut-sei=Nishioka en-aut-mei=Takumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimuraKoji en-aut-sei=Kimura en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayashiKouichi en-aut-sei=Hayashi en-aut-mei=Kouichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=HappoNaohisa en-aut-sei=Happo en-aut-mei=Naohisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamaokaHitoshi en-aut-sei=Yamaoka en-aut-mei=Hitoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshiiHirofumi en-aut-sei=Ishii en-aut-mei=Hirofumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=LiaoYen-Fa en-aut-sei=Liao en-aut-mei=Yen-Fa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtaHiromi en-aut-sei=Ota en-aut-mei=Hiromi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=GotoHidenori en-aut-sei=Goto en-aut-mei=Hidenori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=KubozonoYoshihiro en-aut-sei=Kubozono en-aut-mei=Yoshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Research Laboratory for Surface Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Physical Science and Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Physical Science and Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Frontier Research Institute for Materials Science, Nagoya Institute of Technology kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Graduate School of Information Science, Hiroshima City University, kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=RIKEN SPring-8 Center kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Advanced Science Research Center, kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=97 cd-vols= no-issue=9 article-no= start-page=094505 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2018 dt-pub=20180309 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Pressure dependence of superconductivity in low- and high-T-c phases of (NH3)(y)NaxFeSe en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= We prepared two superconducting phases, which are called “low-Tc phase” and “high-Tc phase” of (NH3)yNaxFeSe showing Tc’s of 35 and 44 K, respectively, at ambient pressure, and studied the superconducting behavior and structure of each phase under pressure. The Tc of the 35 K at ambient pressure rapidly decreases with increasing pressure up to 10 GPa, and it remains unchanged up to 22 GPa. Finally, superconductivity was not observed down to 1.4 K at 29 GPa, i.e., Tc < 1.4K. The Tc of the 44 K phase also shows a monotonic decrease up to 15 GPa and it weakly decreases up to 25 GPa. These behaviors suggest no pressure-driven high-Tc phase (called “SC-II”) between 0 and 25 GPa for the low-Tc and high-Tc phases of (NH3)yNaxFeSe, differing from the behavior of (NH3)yCsxFeSe,which has a pressure-driven high-Tc phase (SC-II) in addition to the superconducting phase (SC-I) observed at ambient and low pressures. The Tc-c phase diagram for both low-Tc and high-Tc phases shows that the Tc can be linearly scaled with c (or FeSe plane spacing), where c is a lattice constant. The reason why a pressure-driven high-Tc phase (SC-II) was found for neither low-Tc nor high-Tc phases of (NH3)yNaxFeSe is fully discussed, suggesting a critical c value as the key to forming the pressure-driven high-Tc phase (SC-II). Finally, the precise Tc-c phase diagram is depicted using the data obtained thus far from FeSe codoped with a metal and NH3 or amine, indicating two distinct Tc-c lines below c = 17.5A° . en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TeraoTakahiro en-aut-sei=Terao en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YangXiaofan en-aut-sei=Yang en-aut-mei=Xiaofan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiaoXiao en-aut-sei=Miao en-aut-mei=Xiao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhengLu en-aut-sei=Zheng en-aut-mei=Lu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=GotoHidenori en-aut-sei=Goto en-aut-mei=Hidenori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyazakiTakafumi en-aut-sei=Miyazaki en-aut-mei=Takafumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamaokaHitoshi en-aut-sei=Yamaoka en-aut-mei=Hitoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshiiHirofumi en-aut-sei=Ishii en-aut-mei=Hirofumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=LiaoYen-Fa en-aut-sei=Liao en-aut-mei=Yen-Fa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=KubozonoYoshihiro en-aut-sei=Kubozono en-aut-mei=Yoshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Research Laboratory for Surface science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=RIKEN SPring-8 Center kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Superconductors kn-keyword=Superconductors en-keyword=2-dimensional systems kn-keyword=2-dimensional systems en-keyword=4-terminal techniques kn-keyword=4-terminal techniques en-keyword=Pressure effects kn-keyword=Pressure effects en-keyword=X-ray diffraction kn-keyword=X-ray diffraction END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=95 cd-vols= no-issue=24 article-no= start-page=245310 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2017 dt-pub=201701 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Transistor properties of exfoliated single crystals of 2H-Mo(Se1-x Te-x) 2 ( 0 <= x <= 1) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= Field-effect transistors (FETs) were fabricated using exfoliated single crystals of Mo(Se1-x Te-x)(2) with an x range of 0 to 1, and the transistor properties fully investigated at 295 K in four-terminal measurement mode. The chemical composition and crystal structure of exfoliated single crystals were identified by energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX), single-crystal x-ray diffraction, and Raman scattering, suggesting the 2H - structure in all Mo(Se1-x Te-x)(2). The lattice constants of a and c increase monotonically with increasing x, indicating the substitution of Se by Te. When x < 0.4 in a FET with a thin single crystal of Mo(Se1-x Te-x)(2), n-channel FET properties were observed, changing to p-channelor ambipolar operation for x > 0.4. In contrast, the polarity of a thick single-crystal Mo(Se1-x Te-x)(2) FET did not change despite an increase in x. The change of polarity in a thin single-crystal FET was well explained by the variation of electronic structure. The absence of such change in the thick single-crystal FET can be reasonably interpreted based on the large bulk conduction due to naturally accumulated electrons. The mu value in the thin single-crystal FET showed a parabolic variation, with a minimum mu at around x = 0.4, which probably originates from the disorder of the single crystal caused by the partial replacement of Se by Te, i.e., a disorder that may be due to ionic size difference of Se and Te. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UesugiEri en-aut-sei=Uesugi en-aut-mei=Eri kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiaoXiao en-aut-sei=Miao en-aut-mei=Xiao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtaHiromi en-aut-sei=Ota en-aut-mei=Hiromi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=GotoHidenori en-aut-sei=Goto en-aut-mei=Hidenori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KubozonoYoshihiro en-aut-sei=Kubozono en-aut-mei=Yoshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Advanced Science Research Center, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=96 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=014502 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2017 dt-pub=201707 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Preparation of new superconductors by metal doping of two-dimensional layered materials using ethylenediamine en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= We have studied new superconductors prepared by metal doping of two-dimensional (2D) layered materials, FeSe and FeSe0.5Te0.5, using ethylenediamine (EDA). The superconducting transition temperatures (T(c)s) of metal-doped FeSe and metal-doped FeSe0.5Te0.5, i.e., (EDA)(y)MxFeSe and (EDA)(y)MxFeSe0.5Te0.5 (M: Li, Na, and K), were 31-45 K and 19-25 K, respectively. The stoichiometry of each sample was clarified by energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, and the x-ray powder diffraction pattern indicated a large expansion of lattice constant c, indicating the cointercalation of metal atoms and EDA. The pressure dependence of superconductivity in (EDA)(y)NaxFeSe0.5Te0.5 has been investigated at a pressure of 0-0.8GPa, showing negative pressure dependence in the same manner as (NH3)(y)NaxFeSe0.5Te0.5. The T-c-c phase diagrams of MxFeSe and MxFeSe0.5Te0.5 were drawn afresh from the T-c and c of (EDA)(y)MxFeSe and (EDA)(y)MxFeSe0.5Te0.5, showing that the T-c increases with increasing c but that extreme expansion of c reverses the T-c trend. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MiaoXiao en-aut-sei=Miao en-aut-mei=Xiao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TeraoTakahiro en-aut-sei=Terao en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YangXiaofan en-aut-sei=Yang en-aut-mei=Xiaofan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiyamaSaki en-aut-sei=Nishiyama en-aut-mei=Saki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyazakiTakafumi en-aut-sei=Miyazaki en-aut-mei=Takafumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=GotoHidenori en-aut-sei=Goto en-aut-mei=Hidenori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwasaYoshihiro en-aut-sei=Iwasa en-aut-mei=Yoshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KubozonoYoshihiro en-aut-sei=Kubozono en-aut-mei=Yoshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Research Laboratory for Surface Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Applied Physics, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=93 cd-vols= no-issue=7 article-no= start-page=1422 end-page=1431 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2012 dt-pub=201207 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Development of hepatitis C virus production reporter-assay systems using two different hepatoma cell lines en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=　A hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection system was developed previously using the HCV JFH-1 strain (genotype 2a) and HuH-7 cells, and this cell culture is so far the only robust production system for HCV. In patients with chronic hepatitis C, the virological effects of pegylated interferon and ribavirin therapy differ depending on the HCV strain and the genetic background of the host. Recently, we reported the hepatoma-derived Li23 cell line, in which the JFH-1 life cycle is reproduced at a level almost equal to that in HuH-7-derived RSc cells. To monitor the HCV life cycle more easily, we here developed JFH-1 reporter-assay systems using both HuH-7- and Li23-derived cell lines. To identify any genetic mutations by long-term cell culture, HCV RNAs in HuH-7 cells were amplified 130 days after infection and subjected to sequence analysis to find adaptive mutation(s) for robust virus replication. We identified two mutations, H2505Q and V2995L, in the NS5B region. V2995L but not H2505Q enhanced JFH-1 RNA replication. However, we found that H2505Q but not V2995L enhanced HCV RNA replication of strain O (genotype 1b). We also selected highly permissive D7 cells by serial subcloning of Li23 cells. The expression levels of claudin-1 and Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 in D7 cells are higher than those in parental Li23 cells. In this study, we developed HCV JFH-1 reporter-assay systems using two distinct hepatoma cell lines, HuH-7 and Li23. The mutations in NS5B resulted in different effects on strains O and JFH-1 HCV RNA replication. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakedaMidori en-aut-sei=Takeda en-aut-mei=Midori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkedaMasanori en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Masanori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=AriumiYasuo en-aut-sei=Ariumi en-aut-mei=Yasuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=WakitaTakaji en-aut-sei=Wakita en-aut-mei=Takaji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoNobuyuki en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Nobuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Tumor Virology, Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Tumor Virology, Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Tumor Virology, Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Disease kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Tumor Virology, Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=106 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=27 end-page=32 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2017 dt-pub=20170201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=トウガラシ（Capsicum baccatum）における カプサイシノイド含量の変異とその非辛味系統 kn-title=Variations in capsaicinoid contents in the chili pepper (Capsicum baccatum) and its non-pungent accessions en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=　トウガラシ（Capsicum 属）は世界的に重要な香辛料および野菜である．C. baccatum は南米原産のマイナーな栽培種であるが，果色，果形や辛味など果実形質に多様性が認められることから，トウガラシ遺伝資源として注目されている．トウガラシの辛味性についてはC. annuum 種において多くの研究が行われているが，C. baccatum 種においては十分研究されていない．
　本研究では，C. baccatum 36系統について辛味成分カプサイシノイドの含量を調査した．カプサイシノイド含量の幅は0 ～4,258 ㎍ /gDW であった．また果実重と辛味成分含量の間に負の相関が認められた．C. baccatum の辛味は低〜中程度であるが，非辛味系統はほとんど認められず，唯一1 系統（‘Kaleidoscope’）が非辛味であった．この非辛味の安定性を調査するために，辛味程度の異なる系統とともに異なる収穫時期におけるカプサイシノイド含量を調査した．
　他のC. baccatum 系統ではカプサイシノイド含量は収穫時期で変化したが，‘Kaleidoscope’ ではいずれの収穫時期でもカプサイシノイドは検出されなかった．本研究で見出された非辛味系統は将来のC. baccatum の育種において有用であろう． kn-abstract=The chili pepper (Capsicum) is both an important spice and fresh vegetable worldwide. C. baccatum is a lesser known domesticated species that is native to the Andean region. Fruit traits such as color, shape, and pungency markedly vary in this species. C. baccatum has potential as a bioresource for future chili pepper breeding programs. Although extensive studies have been conducted on the pungency of C. annuum, that of C. baccatum has not been examined in as much detail. In the present study, capsaicinoid contents were analyzed in 36 C. baccatum accessions. Capsaicinoid contents ranged between 0 and 4,258 μg/gDW. Furthermore, a negative relationship was observed between capsaicinoid contents and fruit weights. Although the pungency of C. baccatum is regarded as low-mild, very few non-pungent accessions were detected ; only one non-pungent accession (‘Kaleidoscope’) was identified among the C. baccatum accessions examined. In order to validate the stability of non-pungency in the accession, capsaicinoid contents were determined at different harvest dates, along with other accessions with different pungencies. Although capsaicinoid contents in other C. baccatum accessions changed with the picking date, capsaicinoid was not detected in ‘Kaleidoscope’ at any date. The non-pungent accession reported here may be useful for future C. baccatum pepper breeding programs. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TanakaYoshiyuki en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Yoshiyuki kn-aut-name=田中義行 kn-aut-sei=田中 kn-aut-mei=義行 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaraMotohito en-aut-sei=Hara en-aut-mei=Motohito kn-aut-name=原一仁 kn-aut-sei=原 kn-aut-mei=一仁 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=GotoTanjuro en-aut-sei=Goto en-aut-mei=Tanjuro kn-aut-name=後藤丹十郎 kn-aut-sei=後藤 kn-aut-mei=丹十郎 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaYuichi en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Yuichi kn-aut-name=吉田裕一 kn-aut-sei=吉田 kn-aut-mei=裕一 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YasubaKen-ichiro en-aut-sei=Yasuba en-aut-mei=Ken-ichiro kn-aut-name=安場健一郎 kn-aut-sei=安場 kn-aut-mei=健一郎 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and life Science, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院環境生命科学研究科 affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and life Science, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院環境生命科学研究科 affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and life Science, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院環境生命科学研究科 affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and life Science, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院環境生命科学研究科 affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and life Science, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院環境生命科学研究科 en-keyword=Bio-resource kn-keyword=Bio-resource en-keyword=Fruit shape kn-keyword=Fruit shape END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=59 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=71 end-page=79 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2017 dt-pub=201701 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Evaluation of convolution sums and some remarks on cusp forms of weight 4 and level 12 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this note, we evaluate certain convolution sums and make some remarks about the Fourier coefficients of cusp forms of weight 4 for Γ0(12). We express the normalized newform of weight 4 on Γ0(12) as a linear combination of the (quasimodular) Eisenstein series (of weight 2) E2(dz), d|12 and their derivatives. Now, by comparing the work of Alaca-Alaca-Williams [1] with our results, as a consequence, we express the coefficients c1,12(n) and c3,4(n) that appear in [1, Eqs.(2.7) and (2.12)] in terms of linear combination of the Fourier coefficients of newforms of weight 4 on Γ0(6) and Γ0(12). The properties of c1,12(n) and c3,4(n) that are derived in [1] now follow from the properties of the Fourier coefficients of the newforms mentioned above. We also express the newforms as a linear combination of certain eta-quotients and obtain an identity involving eta-quotients. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=RamakrishhanB. en-aut-sei=Ramakrishhan en-aut-mei=B. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SahuBrundaban en-aut-sei=Sahu en-aut-mei=Brundaban kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Harish-Chandra Research Institute kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=School of Mathematical Sciences National Institute of Science Education and Research kn-affil= en-keyword=convolution sums of the divisor function kn-keyword=convolution sums of the divisor function en-keyword=Fourier coeffificients kn-keyword=Fourier coeffificients en-keyword=newforms of integral weight kn-keyword=newforms of integral weight END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=128 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=21 end-page=25 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2016 dt-pub=20160401 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=A case of mucinous adenocarcinoma of the duodenum and literature review of 16 cases reported in Japan kn-title=原発性十二指腸粘液癌の一例― 本邦報告16例の検討― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=　Primary mucinous adenocarcinoma of the duodenum is rare. Here we report a case we recently encountered, and we review 16 cases reported in Japan. An 82-year-old Japanese woman was admitted to our hospital complaining of abdominal pain and heartburn. An endoscopic examination revealed a Type 2 tumor in the descending limb of the duodenum, and endoscopically obtained specimens revealed a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. We performed a curative pancreatoduodenectomy with lymph node resection, and the surgical specimen revealed that the duodenum was the primary site of the mucinous adenocarcinoma. The patient is currently alive ＞ 1 year after the operation without any evidence of recurrence. Of the 16 patients reviewed, all patients had advanced tumors those depth were T3-T4. 9 patients had lymph node metastasis and 4 patients had peritoneal dissemination at the time of surgery. Since mucinous adenocarcinoma of the duodenum is often progressive cancer at a diagnosis, which is tend to have a worse prognosis than other histological types. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HamanoIkumi en-aut-sei=Hamano en-aut-mei=Ikumi kn-aut-name=浜野郁美 kn-aut-sei=浜野 kn-aut-mei=郁美 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoYusuke en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Yusuke kn-aut-name=松本祐介 kn-aut-sei=松本 kn-aut-mei=祐介 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=EndoYoshikatsu en-aut-sei=Endo en-aut-mei=Yoshikatsu kn-aut-name=遠藤芳克 kn-aut-sei=遠藤 kn-aut-mei=芳克 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeNaoki en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name=渡邊直樹 kn-aut-sei=渡邊 kn-aut-mei=直樹 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KaiKyouhei en-aut-sei=Kai en-aut-mei=Kyouhei kn-aut-name=甲斐恭平 kn-aut-sei=甲斐 kn-aut-mei=恭平 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoShizou en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Shizou kn-aut-name=佐藤四三 kn-aut-sei=佐藤 kn-aut-mei=四三 aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=WaniYoji en-aut-sei=Wani en-aut-mei=Yoji kn-aut-name=和仁洋治 kn-aut-sei=和仁 kn-aut-mei=洋治 aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=姫路赤十字病院　外科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=姫路赤十字病院　外科 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=姫路赤十字病院　外科 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=姫路赤十字病院　外科 affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=姫路赤十字病院　外科 affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=姫路赤十字病院　外科 affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=姫路赤十字病院　病理診断科 en-keyword=原発性十二指腸癌（primary duodenal cancer） kn-keyword=原発性十二指腸癌（primary duodenal cancer） en-keyword=粘液癌（mucinous carcinoma） kn-keyword=粘液癌（mucinous carcinoma） en-keyword=膵頭十二指腸切除（pancreatoduodenectomy） kn-keyword=膵頭十二指腸切除（pancreatoduodenectomy） END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=9 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=e91156 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2014 dt-pub=20140313 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Genetic Characterization of Hepatitis C Virus in Long-Term RNA Replication Using Li23 Cell Culture Systems en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background　 　 The most distinguishing genetic feature of hepatitis C virus (HCV) is its remarkable diversity and variation. To understand this feature, we previously performed genetic analysis of HCV in the long-term culture of human hepatoma HuH-7-derived HCV RNA-replicating cell lines. On the other hand, we newly established HCV RNA-replicating cell lines using human hepatoma Li23 cells, which were distinct from HuH-7 cells. 　 Methodology/Principal Findings　 　 Li23-derived HCV RNA-replicating cells were cultured for 4 years. We performed genetic analysis of HCVs recovered from these cells at 0, 2, and 4 years in culture. Most analysis was performed in two separate parts: one part covered from the 5′-terminus to NS2, which is mostly nonessential for RNA replication, and the other part covered from NS3 to NS5B, which is essential for RNA replication. Genetic mutations in both regions accumulated in a time-dependent manner, and the mutation rates in the 5′-terminus-NS2 and NS3-NS5B regions were 4.0–9.0×10−3 and 2.7–4.0×10−3 base substitutions/site/year, respectively. These results suggest that the variation in the NS3-NS5B regions is affected by the pressure of RNA replication. Several in-frame deletions (3–105 nucleotides) were detected in the structural regions of HCV RNAs obtained from 2-year or 4-year cultured cells. Phylogenetic tree analyses clearly showed that the genetic diversity of HCV was expanded in a time-dependent manner. The GC content of HCV RNA was significantly increased in a time-dependent manner, as previously observed in HuH-7-derived cell systems. This phenomenon was partially due to the alterations in codon usages for codon optimization in human cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated that these long-term cultured cells were useful as a source for the selection of HCV clones showing resistance to anti-HCV agents. 　 Conclusions/Significance　 　 Long-term cultured HCV RNA-replicating cells are useful for the analysis of evolutionary dynamics and variations of HCV and for drug-resistance analysis. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KatoNobuyuki en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Nobuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SejimaHiroe en-aut-sei=Sejima en-aut-mei=Hiroe kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=UedaYouki en-aut-sei=Ueda en-aut-mei=Youki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriKyoko en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=Kyoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatohShinya en-aut-sei=Satoh en-aut-mei=Shinya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=DansakoHiromichi en-aut-sei=Dansako en-aut-mei=Hiromichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkedaMasanori en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Masanori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Tumor Virology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Tumor Virology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Tumor Virology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Tumor Virology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Tumor Virology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Tumor Virology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Tumor Virology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=19 cd-vols= no-issue=23 article-no= start-page=6495 end-page=6505 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2013 dt-pub=20131201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Genetically Engineered Oncolytic Adenovirus Decoys and Lethally Traps Quiescent Cancer Stem-like Cells in S/G(2)/M Phases en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Purpose: Because chemoradiotherapy selectively targets proliferating cancer cells, quiescent cancer stem-like cells are resistant. Mobilization of the cell cycle in quiescent leukemia stem cells sensitizes them to cell death signals. However, it is unclear that mobilization of the cell cycle can eliminate quiescent cancer stem-like cells in solid cancers. Thus, we explored the use of a genetically-engineered telomerase-specific oncolytic adenovirus, OBP-301, to mobilize the cell cycle and kill quiescent cancer stem-like cells. Experimental Design: We established CD133(+) cancer stem-like cells from human gastric cancer MKN45 and MKN7 cells. We investigated the efficacy of OBP-301 against quiescent cancer stem-like cells. We visualized the treatment dynamics of OBP-301 killing of quiescent cancer stem-like cells in dormant tumor spheres and xenografts using a fluorescent ubiquitination cell-cycle indicator (FUCCI). Results: CD133(+) gastric cancer cells had stemness properties. OBP-301 efficiently killed CD133(+) cancer stem-like cells resistant to chemoradiotherapy. OBP-301 induced cell-cycle mobilization from G(0)-G(1) to S/G(2)/M phases and subsequent cell death in quiescent CD133(+) cancer stem-like cells by mobilizing cell-cycle-related proteins. FUCCI enabled visualization of quiescent CD133(+) cancer stem-like cells and proliferating CD133(-) non-cancer stem-like cells. Three-dimensional visualization of the cell-cycle behavior in tumor spheres showed that CD133(+) cancer stem-like cells maintained stemness by remaining in G(0)-G(1) phase. We showed that OBP-301 mobilized quiescent cancer stem-like cells in tumor spheres and xenografts into S/G(2)/M phases where they lost viability and cancer stem-like cell properties and became chemosensitive. Conclusion: Oncolytic adenoviralinfection is an effective mechanism of cancer cell killing in solid cancer and can be a new therapeutic paradigm to eliminate quiescent cancer stem-like cells. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YanoShuya en-aut-sei=Yano en-aut-mei=Shuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TazawaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Tazawa en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HashimotoYuuri en-aut-sei=Hashimoto en-aut-mei=Yuuri kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShirakawaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Shirakawa en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KurodaShinji en-aut-sei=Kuroda en-aut-mei=Shinji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishizakiMasahiko en-aut-sei=Nishizaki en-aut-mei=Masahiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KishimotoHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Kishimoto en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=UnoFutoshi en-aut-sei=Uno en-aut-mei=Futoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagasakaTakeshi en-aut-sei=Nagasaka en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=UrataYasuo en-aut-sei=Urata en-aut-mei=Yasuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KagawaShunsuke en-aut-sei=Kagawa en-aut-mei=Shunsuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=HoffmanRobert M. en-aut-sei=Hoffman en-aut-mei=Robert M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiwaraToshiyoshi en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Toshiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Grad Sch Med Dent & Pharmaceut Sci, Dept Surg Gastroenterol affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univ Hosp, Ctr Innovat Clin Med affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Grad Sch Med Dent & Pharmaceut Sci, Dept Surg Gastroenterol affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Grad Sch Med Dent & Pharmaceut Sci, Dept Surg Gastroenterol affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Grad Sch Med Dent & Pharmaceut Sci, Dept Surg Gastroenterol affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Grad Sch Med Dent & Pharmaceut Sci, Dept Surg Gastroenterol affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Grad Sch Med Dent & Pharmaceut Sci, Dept Surg Gastroenterol affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Grad Sch Med Dent & Pharmaceut Sci, Dept Surg Gastroenterol affil-num=9 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Grad Sch Med Dent & Pharmaceut Sci, Dept Surg Gastroenterol affil-num=10 en-affil= kn-affil=Oncolys BioPharma Inc affil-num=11 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Grad Sch Med Dent & Pharmaceut Sci, Dept Surg Gastroenterol affil-num=12 en-affil= kn-affil=Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Surg affil-num=13 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Grad Sch Med Dent & Pharmaceut Sci, Dept Surg Gastroenterol END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=56 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=179 end-page=198 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2014 dt-pub=201401 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=ON THE SOLVABILITY OF CERTAIN (SSIE) WITH OPERATORS OF THE FORM B(r, s) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Given any sequence z = (zn)n≥1 of positive real numbers and any set E of complex sequences, we write Ez for the set of all sequences y = (yn)n≥1 such that y/z = (yn/zn)n≥1 ∈ E; in particular, sz(c) denotes the set of all sequences y such that y/z converges. In this paper we deal with sequence spaces inclusion equations (SSIE), which are determined by an inclusion each term of which is a sum or a sum of products of sets of sequences of the form Xa(T) and Xx(T) where a is a given sequence, the sequence x is the unknown, T is a given triangle, and Xa(T) and Xx(T) are the matrix domains of T in the set X . Here we determine the set of all positive sequences x for which the (SSIE) sx(c) (B(r, s)) sx(c)⊂ (B(r', s')) holds, where r, r', s' and s are real numbers, and B(r, s) is the generalized operator of the first difference defined by (B(r, s)y)n = ryn+syn−1 for all n ≥ 2 and (B(r, s)y)1 = ry1. We also determine the set of all positive sequences x for which ryn + syn−1 /xn → l implies r'yn + s'yn−1 /xn → l (n → ∞) for all y and for some scalar l. Finally, for a given sequence a, we consider the a–Tauberian problem which consists of determining the set of all x such that sx(c) (B(r, s)) ⊂ sa(c) . en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MalafosseBruno de en-aut-sei=Malafosse en-aut-mei=Bruno de kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MalkowskyEberhard en-aut-sei=Malkowsky en-aut-mei=Eberhard kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=LMAH Université du Havre affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Fatih University en-keyword=Matrix transformations kn-keyword=Matrix transformations en-keyword=BK space kn-keyword=BK space en-keyword=the spaces sa, sa0 and sa(c) kn-keyword=the spaces sa, sa0 and sa(c) en-keyword=(SSIE) kn-keyword=(SSIE) en-keyword=(SSE) with operator kn-keyword=(SSE) with operator en-keyword=band matrix B(r, s) kn-keyword=band matrix B(r, s) en-keyword=Tauberian result kn-keyword=Tauberian result END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=56 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=145 end-page=155 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2014 dt-pub=201401 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=THE BEST CONSTANT OF Lp SOBOLEV INEQUALITY CORRESPONDING TO DIRICHLET-NEUMANN BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEM en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We have obtained the best constant of the following Lp Sobolev inequality sup 0≤y≤1| u(j)(y)| ≤C (∫ 01 | u(M)(x)| p dx)1/p , where u is a function satisfying u(M) ∈ Lp(0, 1), u(2i)(0) = 0 (0 ≤i ≤ [(M − 1)/2]) and u(2i+1)(1) = 0 (0 ≤ i ≤ [(M − 2)/2]), where u(i) is the abbreviation of (d/dx)iu(x). In [9], the best constant of the above inequality was obtained for the case of p = 2 and j = 0. This paper extends the result of [9] under the conditions p > 1 and 0 ≤ j ≤ M −1. The best constant is expressed by Bernoulli polynomials. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamagishiHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Yamagishi en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeKohtaro en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Kohtaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KametakaYoshinori en-aut-sei=Kametaka en-aut-mei=Yoshinori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Tokyo Metropolitan College of Industrial Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Computer Science, National Defense Academy affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Engineering Science, Osaka University en-keyword=Lp Sobolev inequality kn-keyword=Lp Sobolev inequality en-keyword=Best constant kn-keyword=Best constant en-keyword=Green function kn-keyword=Green function en-keyword=Reproducing kernel kn-keyword=Reproducing kernel en-keyword=Bernoulli polynomial kn-keyword=Bernoulli polynomial en-keyword=Hölder inequality kn-keyword=Hölder inequality END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=76 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=26 end-page=31 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2012 dt-pub=201204 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Strong anti-tumor effect of NVP-AUY922, a novel Hsp90 inhibitor, on non-small cell lung cancer en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The anti-tumor activity of a newly developed Hsp90 inhibitor, NVP-AUY922 (AUY922), against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was examined. Twenty-one NSCLC cell lines were used, the somatic alterations of which were characterized. Cell proliferation was analyzed using a modified MTS assay. Expression of the client proteins was assessed using Western blotting. The cell cycle was analyzed using flow cytometry. The IC50 value of AUY922 for the NSCLC cell lines ranged from 5.2 to 860 nM (median, 20.4 nM). Based on previous data, cells with an IC50 of less than 50 nM were classified as sensitive cells and 19 of the 21 NSCLC cell lines were judged to be sensitive. The IC50 of five malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) cell lines revealed that the MPM cells had a significantly higher IC50 value (median, 89.2 nM; range, 22.2-24, 100 nM) than the NSCLC cells (p = 0.015). There was significant depletion of both the total and phosphorylated client proteins - EGFR, MET, HERZ and ART - at low drug concentrations (50-100 nM) in drug-sensitive cell lines. Cell-cycle analysis was performed for two sensitive cell lines, H1975 and H838. Following AUY922 treatment, an increase in the sub-G(0)-G(1) cell population, as well as appearance of cleaved PARP expression, indicated the induction of apoptosis. In conclusion, AUY922 was effective against most NSCLC cell lines, independent of the type of known molecular alteration, and appears to be a promising new drug for the treatment of NSCLC. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UenoTsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Ueno en-aut-mei=Tsuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsukudaKazunori en-aut-sei=Tsukuda en-aut-mei=Kazunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyookaShinichi en-aut-sei=Toyooka en-aut-mei=Shinichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=AndoMidori en-aut-sei=Ando en-aut-mei=Midori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakaokaMunenori en-aut-sei=Takaoka en-aut-mei=Munenori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SohJunichi en-aut-sei=Soh en-aut-mei=Junichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsanoHiroaki en-aut-sei=Asano en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MakiYuho en-aut-sei=Maki en-aut-mei=Yuho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MuraokaTakayuki en-aut-sei=Muraoka en-aut-mei=Takayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaNorimitsu en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Norimitsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShienKazuhiko en-aut-sei=Shien en-aut-mei=Kazuhiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=FurukawaMasashi en-aut-sei=Furukawa en-aut-mei=Masashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamatsujiTomoki en-aut-sei=Yamatsuji en-aut-mei=Tomoki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=KiuraKatsuyuki en-aut-sei=Kiura en-aut-mei=Katsuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaomotoYoshio en-aut-sei=Naomoto en-aut-mei=Yoshio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyoshiShinichiro en-aut-sei=Miyoshi en-aut-mei=Shinichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Dept Gen Thorac Surg, Grad Sch Med Dent & Pharmaceut Sci affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Dept Gen Thorac Surg, Grad Sch Med Dent & Pharmaceut Sci affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Dept Gen Thorac Surg, Grad Sch Med Dent & Pharmaceut Sci affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Dept Gen Thorac Surg, Grad Sch Med Dent & Pharmaceut Sci affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Kawasaki Med Univ, Dept Gen Surg affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Dept Gen Thorac Surg, Grad Sch Med Dent & Pharmaceut Sci affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Dept Gen Thorac Surg, Grad Sch Med Dent & Pharmaceut Sci affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Dept Gen Thorac Surg, Grad Sch Med Dent & Pharmaceut Sci affil-num=9 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Dept Gen Thorac Surg, Grad Sch Med Dent & Pharmaceut Sci affil-num=10 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Dept Gen Thorac Surg, Grad Sch Med Dent & Pharmaceut Sci affil-num=11 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Dept Gen Thorac Surg, Grad Sch Med Dent & Pharmaceut Sci affil-num=12 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Dept Gen Thorac Surg, Grad Sch Med Dent & Pharmaceut Sci affil-num=13 en-affil= kn-affil=Kawasaki Med Univ, Dept Gen Surg affil-num=14 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Dept Hematol Oncol & Resp Med, Grad Sch Med Dent & Pharmaceut Sci affil-num=15 en-affil= kn-affil=Kawasaki Med Univ, Dept Gen Surg affil-num=16 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Dept Gen Thorac Surg, Grad Sch Med Dent & Pharmaceut Sci en-keyword=NSCLC kn-keyword=NSCLC en-keyword=Hsp90 kn-keyword=Hsp90 en-keyword=AUY922 kn-keyword=AUY922 en-keyword=EGFR kn-keyword=EGFR en-keyword=EGFR-TKI kn-keyword=EGFR-TKI en-keyword=Mesothelioma kn-keyword=Mesothelioma END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=28 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=236 end-page=242 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2013 dt-pub=201306 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Perioperative plasma melatonin concentration in postoperative critically ill patients: Its association with delirium en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Purpose: Delirium is a common complication in postoperative critically ill patients. Although abnormal melatonin metabolism is thought to be one of the mechanisms of delirium, there have been few studies in which the association between alteration of perioperative plasma melatonin concentration and postoperative delirium was assessed. Materials: We conducted a prospective observational study to assess the association of perioperative alteration of plasma melatonin concentration with delirium in 40 postoperative patients who required intensive care for more than 48 hours. We diagnosed postoperative delirium using Confusion Assessment Method for the intensive care unit and measured melatonin concentration 4 times (before the operation as the preoperative value, 1 hour after the operation, postoperative day 1, and postoperative day 2). Results: Postoperative delirium occurred in 13 (33%) of the patients. Although there was no significant difference in preoperative melatonin concentration, Delta melatonin concentration at 1 hour after the operation was significantly lower in patients with delirium than in those without delirium (-1.1 vs 0 pg/mL, P = .036). After adjustment of relevant confounders, Delta melatonin concentration was independently associated with risk of delirium (odds ratio, 0.50; P = .047). Conclusions: Delta melatonin concentration at 1 hour after the operation has a significant independent association with risk of postoperative delirium. (c) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YoshitakaShiho en-aut-sei=Yoshitaka en-aut-mei=Shiho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=EgiMoritoki en-aut-sei=Egi en-aut-mei=Moritoki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorimatsuHiroshi en-aut-sei=Morimatsu en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanazawaTomoyuki en-aut-sei=Kanazawa en-aut-mei=Tomoyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TodaYuichiro en-aut-sei=Toda en-aut-mei=Yuichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoritaKiyoshi en-aut-sei=Morita en-aut-mei=Kiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol & Resuscitol affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol & Resuscitol affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol & Resuscitol affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol & Resuscitol affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol & Resuscitol affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol & Resuscitol END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=61 cd-vols= no-issue=9 article-no= start-page=1295 end-page=1302 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2012 dt-pub=201209 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Significant association of the dupA gene of Helicobacter pylori with duodenal ulcer development in a South-east Indian population en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A novel virulence factor, duodenal ulcer-promoting gene A (dupA), in Helicobacter pylori has been found to be associated with disease in certain populations but not in others. This study analysed a South-east Indian population as part of the debate about the relevance of dupA for the prediction of clinical outcomes. A total of 140 H. pylori strains isolated from duodenal ulcer (DU) (n=83) and non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD) patients (n=57) were screened by PCR and dot-blot hybridization to determine the presence of the ORFs jhp0917 and jhp0918. Part of jhp0917-jhp0918 was sequenced to search for the C/T insertion that characterizes dupA and the levels of dupA transcripts were also assessed. The PCR and dot-blot results indicated the presence of jhp0917 and jhp0918 in 37.3% (31/83) and 12.2% (7/57) of H. pylori strains isolated from DU and NUD patients, respectively. Sequencing analysis showed insertion of a C at nt 1386 in the 3' region of jhp0917, forming the dupA gene in 35 strains. RT-PCR analysis detected the dupA transcript in 28 of these 35 strains. The expression level of the dupA transcript varied from strain to strain, as shown by real-time PCR. The results demonstrated that analysis based on PCR only for dupA may produce an erroneous interpretation. The prevalence of dupA was significantly greater among strains isolated from patients with DU than from patients with NUD in this population (P=0.001, odds ratio=4.26, confidence interval=1.60-11.74). Based on these findings, dupA can be considered a biomarker for DU patients in India. The reported discrepancies for this putative virulence marker in different populations may be due to the genome plasticity of H. pylori. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AlamJawed en-aut-sei=Alam en-aut-mei=Jawed kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaitiSankar en-aut-sei=Maiti en-aut-mei=Sankar kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=GhoshPrachetash en-aut-sei=Ghosh en-aut-mei=Prachetash kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=DeRonita en-aut-sei=De en-aut-mei=Ronita kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ChowdhuryAbhijit en-aut-sei=Chowdhury en-aut-mei=Abhijit kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=DasSuryasnata en-aut-sei=Das en-aut-mei=Suryasnata kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MacadenRagini en-aut-sei=Macaden en-aut-mei=Ragini kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=DevarbhaviHarshad en-aut-sei=Devarbhavi en-aut-mei=Harshad kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=RamamurthyT. en-aut-sei=Ramamurthy en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=MukhopadhyayAsish K. en-aut-sei=Mukhopadhyay en-aut-mei=Asish K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Natl Inst Cholera & Enter Dis affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=IISER affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Natl Inst Cholera & Enter Dis affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Natl Inst Cholera & Enter Dis affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Inst Post Grad Med Educ & Res, Sch Digest & Liver Dis affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=St Johns Med Coll Hosp affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=St Johns Med Coll Hosp affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=St Johns Med Coll Hosp affil-num=9 en-affil= kn-affil=Natl Inst Cholera & Enter Dis affil-num=10 en-affil= kn-affil=Natl Inst Cholera & Enter Dis END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=102 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=29 end-page=34 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2013 dt-pub=20130201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Effect of Day Length, Supplemental Lighting Strength, Shading Period and Minimum Night Temperature on Occurrence of Abnormal Inflorescence in Gypsophila paniculata ‘Altair’ kn-title=日長，補光強度，遮光時期および最低夜温がシュッコンカスミソウ ‘アルタイル’の形態異常花序発生に及ぼす影響 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=シュッコンカスミソウ‘アルタイル’の形態異常花序の発生には環境要因が関与していると考えられたので，日長，補光強度，遮光時期および最低夜温が形態異常花序発生に及ぼす影響を調査した．形態異常程度は４種類のパターン (０：正常，１：茎が短いもの，２：２本の茎が癒着，3：ひどく湾曲し変形したもの) に分類し，その影響を受けた小花の割合を求めた．蛍光灯による日長処理（12時間，16時間，20時間，24時間）や白熱灯による日長処理（自然日長，24時間）は形態異常花序発生率に影響を及ぼさなかった．蛍光灯（PPFD 1μmol・m-2・s-1），白熱灯（PPFD 3μmol・m-2・s-1），メタルハライドランプ（PPFD 14μmol・m-2・s-1），高圧ナトリウムランプ（PPFD 48μmol・m-2・s-1）を用いて16時間の補光を行った．異なる光源による光強度でも形態異常発生率に一定の傾向は認められなかった．遮光時期を変えても形態異常発生率に一定の傾向は認められなかった． 最低夜温を15℃に上げると８℃区と比較して15℃区の形態異常発生は大きく減少した．特にパターン２と３の発生率は大幅に低下した．各実験の処理開始から発蕾までの平均夜温（7.1℃，9.0℃，9.2℃，11.6℃，16.4℃）と，パターン３の形態異常発生率（13.1%，8.7%，7.1%，1.1%，0.7%）との間に高い負の相関（R2＝0.849）が認められ，処理開始から発蕾までの平均夜温が高いほど形態異常発生率は低下した．以上のことから，形態異常花序発生には夜間の温度が大きく関与しているのではないかと推察された． kn-abstract=As occurrence of abnormal inflorescence in Gypsophila paniculata ‘Altair’ is caused by environmental conditions, effects of day length, supplemental lighting strength, shading period and minimum night temperature on occurrence of abnormal inflorescence were investigated. Abnormal inflorescence was classified into four types : normal, pattern 1 (Short-flower stalk), pattern 2 (Coalescent two-flower stalk) and pattern 3 (Looping and irregular-flower stalk). Neither of 12h, 16h, 20h or 24h day length by fluorescent lamp, nor 24h by incandescent lamp affected occurrence of abnormal inflorescence. Effects of four levels of light intensity (fluorescent lamp : PPFD 1μmol・m−2・s−1, incandescent lamp : PPFD 3μmol・m−2・s−1, metal halide lamp : PPFD 14μmol・m−2・s−1 and high-pressure sodium lamp : PPFD 48μmol・m−2・s−1) were examined in 16h photoperiod. Occurrence of abnormal inflorescence was not affected by different light intensities, neither was it affected by shading period. Occurrence of abnormal inflorescence at 15°C was however significantly reduced compared to that at 8°C. In particular, patterns 2 and 3 at 15°C were significantly reduced compared to those at 8°C. There was a strong negative correlation between average night temperature from starting the treatment to flower budding (7.1°C, 9.0°C, 9.2°C, 11.6°C and 16.4°C) and incidence of pattern 3 (13.1%, 8.7%, 7.1%, 1.1% and 0.7%). Therefore, as average night temperature increased, occurrence of abnormal inflorescence decreased. The results show that low night temperature may be the main factor inducing occurrence of abnormal inflorescence. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamaguchiNorihito en-aut-sei=Yamaguchi en-aut-mei=Norihito kn-aut-name=山口訓史 kn-aut-sei=山口 kn-aut-mei=訓史 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=GotoTanjuro en-aut-sei=Goto en-aut-mei=Tanjuro kn-aut-name=後藤丹十郎 kn-aut-sei=後藤 kn-aut-mei=丹十郎 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KobikiKayoko en-aut-sei=Kobiki en-aut-mei=Kayoko kn-aut-name=小日置佳世子 kn-aut-sei=小日置 kn-aut-mei=佳世子 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtaniShoko en-aut-sei=Otani en-aut-mei=Shoko kn-aut-name=大谷翔子 kn-aut-sei=大谷 kn-aut-mei=翔子 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaYuichi en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Yuichi kn-aut-name=吉田裕一 kn-aut-sei=吉田 kn-aut-mei=裕一 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=abnormal inflorescence pattern kn-keyword=abnormal inflorescence pattern en-keyword=cut flower form kn-keyword=cut flower form en-keyword=environmental factor kn-keyword=environmental factor en-keyword=incidence of abnormal inflorescence kn-keyword=incidence of abnormal inflorescence en-keyword=low night temperature kn-keyword=low night temperature END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=124 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=239 end-page=241 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2012 dt-pub=20121203 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=A case of frontal horn cysts kn-title=Frontal Horn Cystsの１例 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=　We herein report a case of bilateral frontal horn cysts. The infant was delivered with a low birth weight (1,710g) at 31 weeks, 0 days by emergency Cesarean section. She was severely asphyxiated and exhibited respiratory distress syndrome. Surfactant was administered, and mechanical ventilation was required until 21 days of age. Brain computed tomography (CT) at 45 days of age revealed bilateral cysts adjacent to the frontal horns of the lateral ventricles. Her growth and development were normal. At 1 and a half- years of age, she underwent brain CT again and the above-mentioned cystic abnormality had disappeared. No dilatation or irregularity of the lateral ventricles was found. Normal development and transient abnormal cystic findings in brain CT suggested a diagnosis of frontal horn cysts. Frontal horn cysts should be considered as the causes of cystic lesions of the brain. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MiyakeSusumu en-aut-sei=Miyake en-aut-mei=Susumu kn-aut-name=三宅進 kn-aut-sei=三宅 kn-aut-mei=進 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyamuraTakako en-aut-sei=Miyamura en-aut-mei=Takako kn-aut-name=宮村能子 kn-aut-sei=宮村 kn-aut-mei=能子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=香川県立中央病院　小児科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=香川県立中央病院　小児科 en-keyword=frontal horn cyst kn-keyword=frontal horn cyst en-keyword=頭部CT（Brain CT） kn-keyword=頭部CT（Brain CT） en-keyword=新生児（neonate） kn-keyword=新生児（neonate） END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=81 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=053701-1 end-page=053701-4 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2012 dt-pub=20120406 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Superconductivity Induced by Bond Breaking in the Triangular Lattice of IrTe2 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=IrTe2, a layered compound with a triangular iridium lattice, exhibits a structural phase transition at approximately 250 K. This transition is characterized by the formation of Ir-Ir bonds along the b-axis. We found that the breaking of Ir-Ir bonds that occurs in Ir1-xPtxTe2 results in the appearance of a structural critical point in the T = 0 limit at x(c) similar or equal to 0.035. Although both IrTe2 and PtTe2 are paramagnetic metals, superconductivity at T-c = 3.1 K is induced by the bond breaking in a narrow range of x >= x(c) in Ir1-xPtxTe2. This result indicates that structural fluctuations can be involved in the emergence of superconductivity. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=PyonSunseng en-aut-sei=Pyon en-aut-mei=Sunseng kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KudoKazutaka en-aut-sei=Kudo en-aut-mei=Kazutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NoharaMinoru en-aut-sei=Nohara en-aut-mei=Minoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-keyword=superconductivity kn-keyword=superconductivity en-keyword=IrTe2 kn-keyword=IrTe2 en-keyword=Pt doping kn-keyword=Pt doping en-keyword=triangular lattice kn-keyword=triangular lattice en-keyword=phase diagram kn-keyword=phase diagram en-keyword=structural phase transition kn-keyword=structural phase transition END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=181 cd-vols= no-issue=2-3 article-no= start-page=249 end-page=251 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2010 dt-pub=201008 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy for VO2 thin films grown on TiO2 (0 0 1) substrates en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We present the results of angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) measurements of metallic VO2 thin films. The VO2 thin films have been grown on TiO2 (0 0 1) single crystal substrates using pulsed laser deposition. The films exhibit a first-order metal–insulator transition (MIT) at 305 K. In the ARPES spectra of the metallic phase for the films, the O 2p band shows highly dispersive feature in the binding energy range of 3–8 eV along the Г–Z direction. The periodicity of the dispersive band is found to be 2.2 Å-1 which is almost identical with the periodicity expected from the c-axis length of the VO2 thin films. The overall feature of the experimental band structure is similar to the band structure calculations, supporting that we have succeeded in observing the dispersive band of the O 2p state in the metallic VO2 thin film. The present work indicates that the ARPES measurements using epitaxial thin films are promising for determining the band structure of VO2. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MuraokaY en-aut-sei=Muraoka en-aut-mei=Y kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaekiK en-aut-sei=Saeki en-aut-mei=K kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YaoY en-aut-sei=Yao en-aut-mei=Y kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=WakitaT en-aut-sei=Wakita en-aut-mei=T kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiraiM en-aut-sei=Hirai en-aut-mei=M kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YokoyaT en-aut-sei=Yokoya en-aut-mei=T kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=EguchiR en-aut-sei=Eguchi en-aut-mei=R kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShinS en-aut-sei=Shin en-aut-mei=S kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Science, Research Laboratory for Surface Science, Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=RIKEN/SPring-8 affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=RIKEN/SPring-8 en-keyword=ARPES kn-keyword=ARPES en-keyword=VO2 kn-keyword=VO2 en-keyword=Thin film kn-keyword=Thin film END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=39 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=405 end-page=410 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2012 dt-pub=201206 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=New image analysis of large food particles can discriminate experimentally suppressed mastication en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Objective parameters that could provide a basis for food texture selection for elderly or dysphagic patients have not been established. We, therefore, aimed to develop a precise method of measuring large particles (>2 mm in diameter) in a bolus and an analytical method to provide a scientific rationale for food selection under masticatory dysfunction conditions. We developed a new illumination system to evaluate the ability of twenty female participants (mean age, 23·4 ± 4·3 years) to masticate carrots, peanuts and beef with full, half and one quarter of the number of masticatory strokes. We also evaluated mastication under suppressed force, regulated by 20% electromyographic of the masseter muscle. The intercept and inclination of the regression line for the distribution of large particles were adopted as coefficients for the discrimination of masticatory efficiency. Single set of coefficient thresholds of 0·10 for the intercept and 1·62 for the inclination showed excellent discrimination of masticatory conditions for all three test foods with high specificity and sensitivity. These results suggested that our method of analysing the distribution of particles >2 mm in diameter might provide the basis for the appropriate selection of food texture for masticatory dysfunction patients from the standpoint of comminution. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SugimotoK en-aut-sei=Sugimoto en-aut-mei=K kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IegamiC. M en-aut-sei=Iegami en-aut-mei=C. M kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IidaS en-aut-sei=Iida en-aut-mei=S kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaitoM en-aut-sei=Naito en-aut-mei=M kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TamakiR en-aut-sei=Tamaki en-aut-mei=R kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MinagiS en-aut-sei=Minagi en-aut-mei=S kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Occlusal and Oral Functional Rehabilitation, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Dent, Dept Prosthodont affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Dent, Dept Prosthodont affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Dept Occlusal & Oral Funct Rehabil END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=124 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=97 end-page=100 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2012 dt-pub=20120801 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=RXR antagonism induces G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and ameliorates obesity by up-regulating p53-p21Cip1 pathway in adipocytes kn-title=RXR阻害によるp53-p21Cip1経路の活性化およびG0/G1細胞周期停止を介した抗肥満作用 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NakatsukaAtsuko en-aut-sei=Nakatsuka en-aut-mei=Atsuko kn-aut-name=中司敦子 kn-aut-sei=中司 kn-aut-mei=敦子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadaJun en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name=和田淳 kn-aut-sei=和田 kn-aut-mei=淳 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MakinoHirofumi en-aut-sei=Makino en-aut-mei=Hirofumi kn-aut-name=槇野博史 kn-aut-sei=槇野 kn-aut-mei=博史 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科　腎・免疫・内分泌代謝内科学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科　腎・免疫・内分泌代謝内科学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科　腎・免疫・内分泌代謝内科学 en-keyword=RXR kn-keyword=RXR en-keyword=cell cycle kn-keyword=cell cycle en-keyword=obesity kn-keyword=obesity en-keyword=p53 kn-keyword=p53 en-keyword=p21Cip1 kn-keyword=p21Cip1 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=48 cd-vols= no-issue=7 article-no= start-page=1753 end-page=1770 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1936 dt-pub=19360731 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Beiträge zur Kentnis der Prostatahypertrophie I. Mitteilung kn-title=攝護腺肥大症ノ知見補遺 第1編 臨牀的觀察 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Der Verf. berichtet über 160 Fälle von Prostatahypertrophie, welche vom Januar 1921 bis August 1935 in der Klinik zur Untersuchung kamen. Er hat statistische sowie zystoskopische Untersuchungen darüber gemacht und kam zu folgenden Resultaten: 1) Prostatahypertrophie betrug durchschnittlich 1, 75% (0, 63 bis 5, 53%) von den urologischen Leiden in der Klinik. 2) Diese Krankheit wurde am häufigsten im 66. bis 77. Lebensalter gefunden, der jüngste Fall war im 38. und der älteste im 89. Lebensalter. 3) Die anamnestisch an Gonorrhoe gerittenen Personen betrugen 70 (42%). 4) Was Berufsarten und Wohnörter anbelangt, so zeigte seine Statistik eine auffallende Mehrzahl von Bauer und Dorfbewohner, doch konnte er keine gewisse Beziehung zwischen Berufsarten, Wohnörtern, den Reichen und Armen zur Entstehung dieser Krankheit denken. 5) Dieses Leiden erschien meistens bei kräftig gebauten und mässig gut ernährten Männern, während es nur selten bei schwächlichem Körperbau und schlechtem Ernährungszustande gefunden wurde. 6) Die häufigsten Hauptklagen waren Harnretention und Pollakisurie. 7) Residualharn war in den meisten Fällen 200 bis 250 c. c. 8) Im ganzen und allgemeinen betraf er diese Krankheit am häufigsten in den heissen Jahreszeiten (besonders im Juli) und umgekehrt am mindesten im Januar und Dezember. 9) Bei digitaler bzw. rektaler Betastung fand er in den häufigsten Fällen hühuereigrosse und öfters asymmetrische Tumoren, u. z. der linke Lappen war grösser als der rechte. 10) Die zystoskopische Untersuchung war immer für eine der wichtigsten diagnostischen Methoden gehalten worden, also führte er dieselbe in 113 Fällen aus. Die Befunde waren folgende: a. Blasenkapazität: 100 bis 700 c. c. b. Narkosen: Meistens waren lokale oder sakrale Anästhesien angewandt. 4 Fälle wurden durch Oulopan-Natrium gefahrlos und narkotisiert. c. Die Bilder der Hypertrophien der Prostatalappen wurden in allen Fällen konstatiert; besonders zeigten 6 Fälle von ihnen prominierte Mittellappen. d. Bedeutende Balkenbildungen waren in 78 Fällen beobachtet. e. Entzündliche Bilder der Blasenschleimhaut wurden im 64% konstatiert, welche meistens an Trigonum und an Hinterwand lokalisiert waren. f. Ureterenmündungen waren meistens scheinbar intakt. g. Lurzsches Phänomen fiel in allen Fällen negativ aus. 11) Funktionsprüfungen der Nieren wurden hauptsächlich mit Phenolsulfouphthalein und Indigocarmin ausgeführt, eiue Hälfte der Fälle zeigte ganz normale Resultate. 12) Als Komplikation fand er 21 Fälle von Blasenstein. Chemische Bestandteile des Steines waren meistens von Harnsäure, Phosphat und Oxalat. 13) Prostatektomie wurden in 30 Fällen ausgeführt, die alle ganz günstig verliefen. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamamotoHarumi en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Harumi kn-aut-name=山本春海 kn-aut-sei=山本 kn-aut-mei=春海 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學皮膚科泌尿器科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=92 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=361 end-page=369 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2011 dt-pub=201102 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Whole-genome characterization of human group C rotaviruses: identification of two lineages in the VP3 gene en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Group C rotavirus (GCRV) is distributed worldwide as an enteric pathogen in humans and animals. However, to date, whole-genome sequences are available only for a human strain (Bristol) and a porcine strain (Cowden). To investigate the genetic diversity of human GCRVs, nearly full-length sequences of all 11 RNA segments were determined for human GCRVs detected recently in India (v508), Bangladesh (BS347), China (Wu82 and YNR001) and Japan (OH567 and BK0830) and analysed phylogenetically with sequence data for GCRVs published previously. All the RNA segments of human GCRV strains except for the VP3 gene showed high levels of conservation (>93 % nucleotide sequence identity, >92 % amino acid sequence identity), belonging to a single genetic cluster distinct from those of animal GCRVs. In contrast, the VP3 genes of human GCRVs could be discriminated into two clusters, designated M2 and M3, that were distinguished phylogenetically from those of porcine and bovine GCRVs (clusters M1 and M4, respectively). Between M2 and M3, amino acid sequence identity of the VP3 gene was 84.1–84.7 %, whereas high identities were observed within each cluster (92.3–97.6 % for M2, 98.2–99.3 % for M3). Sequence divergence among the four VP3 clusters was observed throughout the amino acid sequence except for conserved motifs, including those possibly related to enzyme functions of VP3. The presence of obvious genetic diversity only in the VP3 gene among human GCRVs suggested that either the M2 or M3 VP3 gene of human GCRVs might have been derived through reassortment from an animal GCRV or from an unidentified human GCRV strain belonging to a novel genogroup. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamamotoDai en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Dai kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=GhoshSouvik en-aut-sei=Ghosh en-aut-mei=Souvik kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuzuyaMitsutaka en-aut-sei=Kuzuya en-aut-mei=Mitsutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=WangYuan-Hong en-aut-sei=Wang en-aut-mei=Yuan-Hong kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhouXuan en-aut-sei=Zhou en-aut-mei=Xuan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=Chawla-SarkarMamta en-aut-sei=Chawla-Sarkar en-aut-mei=Mamta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=PaulShyamal Kumar en-aut-sei=Paul en-aut-mei=Shyamal Kumar kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshinoMasaho en-aut-sei=Ishino en-aut-mei=Masaho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=KobayashiNobumichi en-aut-sei=Kobayashi en-aut-mei=Nobumichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Hygiene, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Hygiene, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Prefectural Institute for Environmental Science and Public Health affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Wuhan Centers for Disease Prevention and Control affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Wuhan Centers for Disease Prevention and Control affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Mymensingh Medical College affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Hygiene, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine affil-num=9 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Hygiene, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=48 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=1357 end-page=1377 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1936 dt-pub=19360630 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Über die Antikörperbildungsfähigkeit der Blutzellen kn-title=生體外血液細胞ト抗體産生能力ニ就テ en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Um die Frage der Antikörperbildungsfähigkeit der Blutzellen, über welche nur wenig bekannt ist, zu lösen, habe ich Antigen (Ziegenserum) Kaninchen intravenös injiziert (Autigeu-Zelleu-Berührung in vivo) und einen Teil des Blutes aus der Carotis steril eutnommen, bevor das Präzipitin im Serum zum Vorschein kam. Das entnommene Blut wurde defibriaiert und im Eisschrank (etwa 0°C), in Zimmertemperatur (etwa 20°C) und im Brutofen (37°C) aufbewahrt und gezüchtet. Ich habe bei diesem Experiment das Blut jedoch hauptsächlich im Eisschrank aufbewahrt. Dann habe ich von Tage zu Tag die Präzipitinbildung im Blut und das Blut des Muttertieres geprüft. 1) Zuerst habe ich beim Versuchstier normales Präzipitin für Ziegenserum geprüft, bei negativem Ausfall wurde das Tier zur Immunisierung benützt. 2) Nach der Autigeninjektion wurde das Blut je nach der Zeit entnommen und das Serum und die Blutzellen durch Zentrifugieren geschiede. Das Blut wurde im Eisschrank einige Tage lang aufbewahrt, und zu verschiedenen Zeiten nach der Aufbewahrung wurde die Präzipitinmenge geprüft. 3) Im Frühstadium der Immuniserung gibt es kein Präzipitin im Serum, aber man sieht nach 5 oder 8 Tagen die Präzipitinbildung im aufbewahrten Blut. Dies gilt schon für 6 Stunden nach der Antigeninjektion. Dabei bildet sich das Präazipitin im Versuchstier selbst viel mehr als im aufbewahrten Blut desselben. Je später im Vorbereitungsstadium der Immunisation das Blut entnommen wird, desto grösser wird die Antikörperbildungsfähigkeit im eutnommenen Blut. 4) Wenn man die Präzipitinbildung des entnommenen Blutes und die bei dem betreffenden Tiere in vivo vergleicht, so ist letztere viel stärker. Das Präzipitin im lebeuden Tiere hat höhere Titer und Bindungszone. Die Präzipitine des entnommenen Blutes und die des Tieres in vivo haben verschiedene Bindungszoneu. 5) Je später das Blut entnommen wird, desto näher kommt die Bindungszone des Präzipitins im Blut der des betreffeuden Tieres in vivo. 6) Wenn man das entnommene Blut im Eisschrauk, in Zimmertemperatur und im Brutofen aufbewahrt, züchtet und dann das produzierte Präzipitin bestimmt, so siud die Erfolge im Eisschrank und in Zimmertemperatur besser als die im Brutofen. 7) Dann habe ich die Präzipitinbildungsfähigkeit des defibrinierten, nicht defibrinierten, inaktivierten und des mit Trypsin versehenen Blutes untersucht. Das defibrinierte Blut zeigt die beste Fähigkeit, das nicht defibrinierte behält noch dieselbe, wenn auch nur in Spuren, das inaktivierte hat sie völlig verloren, und das Präzipitin in mit Trypsin versehenem Blut ist etwas geringer als in normalem. 8) Ich habe auch eine spurhafte Präzipitinbildung im Blut bemerkt, wenn ich das Blut mit Antigen in vitro in Berührung kommen liess. 9) Ich habe zuerst das Blut in folgender Weise gesondert und vorbereitet: Die Blutzellen und das Serum des behandelten Kaninchens, bevor das Präzipitin im Serum zum Vorschein kommt, und die Blutzellen und das Serum des normalen Kauinchens. Dann habe ich die Blutzellen und das Serum gegeuseitig wechselnd gemischt, aufbewahrt, und gezü.chtet, und danach die Präzipitinbildung geprüft. Im Gemisch, behandelte Blutzellen und normales Serum, findet sich deutlich Präzipitin, dagegen im auderen Gemiscb, unbehandelte Blutzellen und behandeltes Serum, ist es nur spärlich bemerkbar. Es dürfte durch coordiniertes Antigen im behandelten Serum, gleich wie durch Berührung in vitro, kommen, dass die Blutzellen die Antikörperbilduugsfähigkeit erhalten. so köante die Fähigkeit der Blutzellen, Antikörper zu bilden, auf das Serum zurückzuführen sein. 10) Das Präzipitin ist nicht ein unspezifischer, durch den Reiz der Serumeiweissinjektion allein gebildeter Antikorper. 11) Aus dem obigen Versuch kann man ersehen, dass auch die Blutzellen Autikorper bilden konnen. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SumaHarumi en-aut-sei=Suma en-aut-mei=Harumi kn-aut-name=須磨治海 kn-aut-sei=須磨 kn-aut-mei=治海 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學衛生學教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=2008 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=87 end-page=92 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2008 dt-pub=20080122 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=An evaluation of document set similarity based on morpheme occurence patterns kn-title=用語クラスタリングに基づく部分研究領域推定と用語分類 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=Term classification associate to research sub-domain is an important approach for systematized classification of term candidates extracted from text corpora. The authors have developed a method which identify some of the important research sub-domains in research abstract corpora. The authors also proved that relatively frequent term candidates extracted from the corpus can be related to identified sub-domains. kn-abstract=研究抄録テキストコーパスから抽出された用語候補を体系的に整理する一つの有力な方法として、部分研究領域に関連付けた用語の分類を考えることができる。本研究では、動詞概念との共起に基づく用語クラスタリングによって、特定研究分野のいくつかの部分研究領域が同定できることを示すとともに、同定された部分領域との関連により、テキストコーパスから抽出された用語候補の分類が可能であることを示す。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KoyamaTeruo en-aut-sei=Koyama en-aut-mei=Teruo kn-aut-name=小山照夫 kn-aut-sei=小山 kn-aut-mei=照夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeuchiKoichi en-aut-sei=Takeuchi en-aut-mei=Koichi kn-aut-name=竹内孔一 kn-aut-sei=竹内 kn-aut-mei=孔一 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=国立情報学研究所 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=54 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=65 end-page=76 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2012 dt-pub=201201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=ON A GENERALIZATION OF CQF-3′ MODULES AND COHEREDITARY TORSION THEORIES en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Throughout this paper we assume that R is a right perfect ring with identity and let Mod-R be the category of right R-modules. Let M be a right R-module. We denote by 0 → K(M) → P(M) → M → 0 the projective cover of M. M is called a CQF-3′ module, if P(M) is M-generated, that is, P(M) is isomorphic to a homomorphic image of a direct sum ⊕M of some copies of M. A subfunctor of the identity functor of Mod-R is called a preradical. For a preradical σ, Tσ := {M ∈ Mod-R : σ(M) = M} is called the class of σ-torsion right R-modules, and Fσ := {M ∈ Mod-R : σ(M) = 0} is called the class of σ-torsionfree right R-modules. A right R-module M is called σ-projective if the functor HomR(M,−) preserves the exactness for any exact sequence 0 → A → B → C → 0 with A ∈ Fσ. We put Pσ(M) = P(M)/σ(K(M)) for a module M. We call a right R-module M a σ-CQF-3′ module if Pσ(M) is M-generated. In this paper, we characterize σ-CQF-3′ modules and give some related facts. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakehanaYasuhiko en-aut-sei=Takehana en-aut-mei=Yasuhiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=General Education Hakodate National College of Technology en-keyword=QF-3′ kn-keyword=QF-3′ en-keyword=cohereditary kn-keyword=cohereditary END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=54 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=53 end-page=63 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2012 dt-pub=201201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=ON A GENERALIZATION OF QF-3′ MODULES AND HEREDITARY TORSION THEORIES en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Let R be a ring with identity, and let Mod-R be the category of right R-modules. Let M be a right R-module. We denote by E(M) the injective hull of M. M is called QF-3′ module, if E(M) is M-torsionless, that is, E(M) is isomorphic to a submodule of a direct product ΠM of some copies of M. A subfunctor of the identity functor of Mod-R is called a preradical. For a preradical σ, Tσ := {M ∈ Mod-R : σ(M) = M} is the class of σ-torsion right R-modules, and Fσ := {M ∈ Mod-R : σ(M) = 0} is the class of σ-torsionfree right R-modules. A right R-module M is called σ-injective if the functor HomR(−,M) preserves the exactness for any exact sequence 0 → A → B → C → 0 with C ∈ Tσ. A right R-module M is called σ-QF-3′ module if Eσ(M) is M-torsionless, where Eσ(M) is defined by Eσ(M)/M := σ(E(M)/M). In this paper, we characterize σ-QF-3′ modules and give some related facts. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakehanaYasuhiko en-aut-sei=Takehana en-aut-mei=Yasuhiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=General Education Hakodate National College of Technology en-keyword=QF-3′ kn-keyword=QF-3′ en-keyword=hereditary kn-keyword=hereditary END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=41 cd-vols= no-issue=9 article-no= start-page=1972 end-page=2029 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1929 dt-pub=19290930 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studien über die postmortale Veränderung der Pupillenweite kn-title=瞳孔徑ノ死後變化ニ關スル研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Verfasser stellte über die postmortale Veränderung der Pupillenweite an Menschen und Tieren Untersuchungen an und kam zu folgenden Ergebnissen. 1. Die beim Tod erweiterten Pupillen kontrahieren in allen Fällen, ausgenommen beim Kaninchen, allmählich im Verlauf von 12 bis 24 Stunden, und beginnen sich erst dann zu erweitern. Beim Kaninchen dagegen erweitert sich die Pupille beim Tod nicht so bedeutend; sie beginnt erst nach dem Tode sich allmählich zu erweitern, und die Pupillenweite erreicht nach 12-24 Stunden ihren höchsten Punkt. 2. Die Temperatur beeinflusst die postmortale Pupillenveränderung. Kälte (0°C.) beschleunigt die Verkleinerung und Wärme (37°C.) die Erweiterung oder verhindert wenigstens die Kontraktion. Strahlen beeinflussen sie dagegen nicht. 3. Arzeneimittel (Eserin, Pilocarpin, Atropin, Homatropin, Adrenalin, Cocain) wirken auf die Pupille nach dem Tod mit eigener Wirkung. An den Tieren kann man sogar, wenn man die genannten Mittel bei Lebenden appliciert, auch nach dem Tode ihren Einfluss auf die Pupillenveränderung feststellen. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TamaruYotsuchi en-aut-sei=Tamaru en-aut-mei=Yotsuchi kn-aut-name=田丸要槌 kn-aut-sei=田丸 kn-aut-mei=要槌 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學病理學教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=41 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=153 end-page=187 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1929 dt-pub=19290131 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the bioluminescence kn-title=生物發光ニ關スル研究（其ノ1） en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The bioluminescence is especially interesting for physiologists in the sense that the end of the intracellular mechanism of the light producing cells is revealed by the light. Whole energy liberated by the process is represented by the light only, unmixed by other energies e. g. movement or heat. This special fact simplifies the experiment enormously, because the light intensity can be measured accurately and conveniently. Photometries used for these studies were following two, according for the purpose. a) Photographic method comparing either of the intensity grade or the diameter of the dark spot on the negative plate or film. b) Comparison method of the brightness of the light with the aid of the adjustable dark glasses (double frame detached from the Hess' differential pupilloscope). The results obtained on the Japanese firefly (Genzi-hotaru and Heike-hotaru) were summariesed as follows. 1) The light producing organ kept in exsicator could be brought to emitt light again by moisting with water, even after two years. 2) The spectrum of the light of the Japanese firefly extends continuously from the reddish orange (660μμ) to the bluish green (480μμ). 3) The intensity of the light increases by the stimulation of the light producing organ with the faradic current or by the chemicals which affect only muscle but not nerve. This phenomenon does not suggest the excitability of the organ or the presence of the exciting nerve for the organ, but can be explained by the increased supply of air by the contraction of the tracheal muscle. 4) The light extinguishes at temperature 0°--7°C., it reappears again dy warming. At the temperature over 40°C. the light becomes gradually reddish and extinguishes at 48°C-54°C. It does not reappear by cooling. The temperature coefficient for intervals 10°C. of the light intensity is 1.2-1.3. The same for the velocity of decay of light is 1.9-2.1. 5) Oxygen is indispensable to the light production of the light producing substance of firefly, which does not emit light under 1/40 atomospheric pressure of oxygen. The intensity of the light increases propotional to the oxygen pressure in the extent of 1/40 to I atomospheric pressure; over that pressure the light intensity approaches asymptotic to the maximum. Further increase of pressure beyond the maximum, also until 4-5 atomospheric pressure or even to 15 atm. pr. does not show any tendency to decrease the light intensity. 6) The light emission from the minced light producing organ of the firefly is not affected by carbon monoxide. It shows that the oxidizable substance does not combine with CO more forcible than with oxygen as haemoglobin does. 7) The light is given out, when the hot water extract from the light producing organ or the non-luminous part of the firefly or from certain animals like cocoonworm (Kaikono-Mayu) which have no light producing organ, is added to the cold water extract from the light producing organ of the firefly. 8) HCN-gas has no influence upon light production of the light producing organ or the mixture of cold water and hot water extracts from the light producing organ, the oxidation concerned with the light production by the firefly would refer to other than the oxidation connected with iron. 9) The authers measured the CO(2) production from the isolated light producing part and non-luminous part of the firefly with Osterhout's indicater method applied for the CO(2) -gas measurement of nerve fibre by Parker and came to the conclusion that the oxidation reaction does not accompany with CO(2) production, for the light producing part did not give out more CO(2)-gas than the non-luminous part. 10) The decay curve of the light emitted from the mixture of the hot water extract from non-luminous part of the firefly or from the larva of the Dendrolimus pini (Matu-Kemusi) and the cold water extract from the light producing part of the firefly indicates that the luminescent reaction in the firefly belongs to a monomolecular reaction, provided, the light intensity at any instant is assumed to be proportional to reaction velocity at that instant. 11) The velocity of the decay of the light intensity which emits from the mixture of cold and hot extract quickens by the increase of the quantity of the cold water extract of the light producing part of firefly. From this fact it seems that the cold water extract contains an enzymlike substance which hastens the luminescent reaction. On the contrary, when the quantity of the hot water extract from luminous part or non-luminous part of the firefly or from non-luminous animals increases, the light of the mixture decays slowly and lasts longer. This fact is explained by an assumption that the hot water extract lets the photogenic substance active (e. g. it sets the inactive photogenic substance combined with protein free.) and at the same time enzymlike substance becomes correspondingly inactive (e. g. by the adsorption). At the addition of the cold water extract into the cold and hot water mixture, it sometimes brightens the emitted light and sometimes lessons it. This initial flash is accounted for granting that the hot water extract acts at bravest at an optimal concentration which is proved especially in case of that from non-luminous part of the firefly. 12) The extinguished but still active cold water extract emits the light by the addition of alkali instead of the hot water extract. On the contrary, we could not let shine the hot water extract by any means. 13) Potassium bromide or erytrosin inhibits luminescence of the light mixture, but Potassium cyanide does not. 14) The active hot water extract is formed by heat from the firefly or certain non- luminous animals; i.e. by the convertion of the precursor into its efficacious form and by the destruction of material preventing the action of the active substance. Required temparature and time for this purpose is about over 3 min. at 50℃. or 15-16 min. at 100℃.. On the contrary, the active cold water extract loses its power by warming at 42°-43°C. over 3 min. 15) The active hot water extract in solution does not degenerate in half a day, and is efficacious even after a day, but the active cold water extract diminishes in power remarkably in 1-2 hours at room temperature. 16) The active component in the hot water extract passes easily through filterpaper, Chamberand filter and collodium membrane, but the active substance in the cold water extract does not filter through collodium membrane. 17) Charcoal adsorbs the active part both in hot and cold water extracts, but the latter is less adsorbed than the former. 18) Such an efficacious component as that in the active hot or cold water extract can not be extracted by alkohol or ether. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HayasiKanae en-aut-sei=Hayasi en-aut-mei=Kanae kn-aut-name=林香苗 kn-aut-sei=林 kn-aut-mei=香苗 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkuyamaMisao en-aut-sei=Okuyama en-aut-mei=Misao kn-aut-name=奧山美佐雄 kn-aut-sei=奧山 kn-aut-mei=美佐雄 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學生理學教室 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學生理學教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=43 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=905 end-page=919 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1931 dt-pub=19310430 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Über die quantitative Veränderung einiger Substanzen der Leichenleber in verschiedenen Zeiten kn-title=死體肝臟ノ化學的變化ニ就テ en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Die Leichenorgane fallen mit dem postmortalen Zeitablaufe der Zersetzung in verschiedener Weise anheim. Verfasser nahm experimentell die quantitative Untersuchung einiger Substanzen der Leichenleber von Meerschweinchen vor, die nach dem Tode im Zimmer, im Freien oder im Wasser verschiedenen Temperaturen ausgesetzt wurden. Die Versuchsresultate sind folgende: 1. Der Reststickstoff, das Phosphor und die Milchsäure der Leichenleber vermehren sich mehr oder weniger je nach der Länge des postmortalen Zeitverlaufes, und zwar setzt die Vermehrung frühzeitig im Sommer, nächstdem im Frühling und im Herbst, am spätesten im Winter ein. 2. Die Milchsäure nimmt anfangs bis zu einer bestimmten Zeit nach dem Tode zu, darauf allmählich ab. Im Frühling, Sommer und Herbst liegt der kritische Punkt (der maximale Wert der Milchsäure) ungefähr 12-24 Stunden nach dem Tode, im Winter tritt er erst mehrere Tage nach dem Tode auf (bei 0°-11°C, etwa nach 2 Wochen). Etwa gleichzeitig mit diesem Punkte (d. h. dem Auftreten des maximalen Wertes der Milchsäure) kommt die sog. Fäulniserscheinung der Leiche makroskopisch auffallend zum Vorschein. 3. Wenn man die Meerschweinchen mit gleicher Todesursache im Zimmer, im Freien oder im Wasser liegen lässt, tritt die Vermehrung des Reststickstoffes der Leber am schnellsten bei der Leiche im Freien, am langsamsten in der Zimmerleiche auf, und zwar nimmt im Falle der zur Aufschwemmung an die Wasseroberfläche gekommenen Wasserleiche der Reststickstoff der Leber schnell zu und übertrifft bald die anderen Fälle. 4. Beim Vergleiche des Reststickstoffes der Leber, die von einer der Luft ausgesetzten Leiche stammt, mit dem derjenigen der Wasserleiche findet man eine annähernde Übereinstimmung mit dem Verhältnis, dass die Vermehrung an der Luft 1/2 mal so schnell (Casper) oder 1/3-1/4 mal so schnell (Walcher) vor sich geht wie im Wasser. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShigenobuTakuo en-aut-sei=Shigenobu en-aut-mei=Takuo kn-aut-name=重信琢雄 kn-aut-sei=重信 kn-aut-mei=琢雄 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學法醫學教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=43 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=638 end-page=663 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1931 dt-pub=19310331 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Über die Peroxydaaereaktion von Eiterzellen kn-title=膿球ノ「ペルオキシダーゼ」反應ニ就テ en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Auch bei der Peroxydasereaktion der gonorrhoischen Eiterzellen zeigen nur die myeloischen Zellen wie bei den Dopa- und Indophenolreaktionen die Granulafärbung des Protoplasmas. Der Kern ist immer hell. Erythrozyten, Lymphozyten, Epithelzellen, Gonokokken u. a. können sich nicht verfärben. Diese Reaktion gibt sowohl bei den frischen als auch bei den mit Formalindampf fixierten Ausstrichpräparaten die gleichen positiven Ergebnisse, jedoch sehen wir bei den letzteren ein schöneres Bild als bei den ersteren, ebenso wie es bei der Dopa- und Indophenolreaktion beobachtet wird. Wenn man die gefärbten Präparate in Zedernöl, Balsam, Glycerin, Wasser u. a. einschliesst, so werden sie im Laufe der Zeit nach und nach undeutlicher; wenn sie aber trocken (ohne Einschliessungsmittel) gehalten werden, so weisen sie noch nach mehr als 3 Monaten fast keine Veränderung auf. Diese Reaktion ist in Bezug auf ihr Verhalten verschiedenen physikalisch-chemischen Einflüssen gegenüber der Dopareaktion ganz ähnlich: Die 15 Minuten lange Vorbehandlung mit Äthylalkohol, Äther, Xylol, trockener Hitze (90°C) etc. beeinträchtigt die Reaktion nicht, während Methylalkohol sie deutlich schädigt und Salzsäure (0.3%), Natronlauge (5%), warmes Wasser (70°C) u. a. sie vollatändig aufheben. Lassen sich jedoch die obigen Manipulationen als Nachbehandlung der Peroxydasereaktion vornehmen, so stören sie die Granuläfarbung kaum. Beim Einlegen in eine Formalinlösung und in der freien Luft verlieren die Ausstrichpräparate die Färbungsfähigkeit mehr oder minder rasch, d. h. im ersteren Falle etwa nach 2 Wochen, im letzteren nach 2 Monaten, dagegen zeigen die in Formalindampf aufbewahrten Präparate eine positive Reaktion noch nach 4 Monaten. Im Gegensatz zur Indophenolreaktion kommt bei der Peroxydasereaktion eine Reaktivierung des einmal durch Säure geschädigten Präparates mittels einiger Metallverbindungen keineswegs zustande, ebensowenig wie bei der Dopareaktion. (Vergl. diese Zeitschr. Jg. 42, Nr. 7, 1930). Bei der einfachen Verwendung von H(2)0(2)+ Benzidinlösung verfärben sich die Körn-chen des Protoplasmas braun, und nach der Sato- u. Sekiyaschen Methode (Kupfermethode) erscheinen sie grünlich-blau odor tief blau. Diese Blaufärbung wird ausser durch Kupfersulfat auch durch manche Metallsalzlösungen hervorgerufen. Es scheint mir, dass eine gewisse Beziehung zwischen der Blaufärbung und der Wasserstoffionenkonzentration der Metallsalzlösungen vorliegt. Sowohl die alkalische als such die neutrale Lösung gibt den Körnchen immer eine braune Farbe. Dagegen färben sich die Granulae durch saure Lösungen entsprechend ihrem Säurewerte in verschiedenen Graden blau. Bei den zu stark konzentrierten Säuren verfärben sich die Zellen gar nicht mehr. Es besteht jedoch kein direkter Zusammenhang zwischen der Blaufärbung und der echten Peroxydasereaktion. Die Blaufärbung wird durch einen Oxydationsprozess von Benzidin unter Säurezusatz hervorgerufen, während die Leukozytengranulae dabei eine katalytische Wirkung ausüben. Auf Grund der obigen Tatsachen kann kurz zusammengefasst gesagt werden, dass die Peroxydasereaktion in verschiedenen Punkten eine sehr grosse Ähnlichkeit mit der Dopareaktion der Eiterzellen besitzt. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UchidaShigeo en-aut-sei=Uchida en-aut-mei=Shigeo kn-aut-name=内田茂雄 kn-aut-sei=内田 kn-aut-mei=茂雄 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學皮膚科泌尿器科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=43 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=402 end-page=424 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1931 dt-pub=19310228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Über die Bedeutung des Präzipitins bei Anaphylaxie des isolierten Darmes kn-title=免疫體ヨリ觀タル遊離腸管過敏症ニ就テ en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Bei Meerschweinchen, welche vorher im aktiven und passiven anaphylaktischen Zustand sensibilisiert worden waren, stellte ich unter Anwendung des Magnus'schen Apparates über die Anaphylaxie des isolierten Darmes Untersuchungen an. Bei der passiven Anaphylaxie habe ich das Meerschweinchen mit Präzipitin aus Haninchenimmunserum sensibilisiert. Die Beziehungen zwischen der Anaphylaxie des Darmes und des Präzipitins im Serum habe ich auf die Weise untersucht, dass ich die stärke der Darmkontraktionen mit dem Präzipitintiter und der Menge des wieder hinzugefügten Antigens verglich und weiter die Spezifizität der Reaktion je nach der Art und dem Zustand des Antigens genau untersuchte. Die von mir erreichten Schlüsse lauten, wie folgt: 1) Der isolierte Darm eines Meerschweinchens im anaphylaktischen Zustand zieht sich unter Einwirkung des Antigens ebenfalls in einer solchen Weise zusammen, dass man es als Anaphylaxie ansehen darf. 2) Die Minimaldosis des Antigens, mit welcher man bei dem isolierten Darm eines aktiv und passiv immunisierten Meerschweinchens eine anaphylaktische Erscheinung hervorrufen kann, ist abhängig von der Menge und der Eigenschaft des Präzipitins im Serum, d. h. sie geht parallel mit dem Präzipitin. 3) Die geeignetste Menge des Antigens, mit welcher man bei dem isolierten Darm eines aktiv und passiv immunisierten Meerschweinchens eine starke anaphylaktische Erscheinung hervorrufen kann, entspricht der Menge in der Bindungszone oder dem Zweifachen derjenigen Menge, die in Vitro nach der Präzipitinreaktion bestimmt wird. 4) Die Anaphylaxie beim isolierten Darm eines sensibilisierten Meerschweinchens zeigt eine Gruppen-Reaktion ebenso wie in der Präzipitinreaktion. 5) Es vermindert sich bei der Anaphylaxie des isolierten Darmes die Stärke der Kontraktion je nach der Zustandsänderung der Antigens durch Hitzewirkung, wie bei 60°C2/3, 70°C1/10, 80°C1/800, 100°C≒0, zu nativem Antigen. Jedoch ist die Reaktion etwas schärfer als die Präzipitinreaktion, weil bei der Anaphylaxie die Trübung der Antigen weniger Einfluss auf die Reaktion ausübt. 6) Die sensibilisierende Minimaldosis, mit welcher man beim isolierten Darm eines paasiv immunisierten Meerschweinchens eine typische Anaphylaxie hervorrufen kann, entspricht auf 260 gr Körpergewicht nach einer Inkubationazeit von 24 Stunden 200 Eh. des Präzipitins. 7) Mit isoliertem Präzipitin konnte ich auch passiv die Anaphylaxie des isolierten Darmes nachweisen. Dabei fand ich die Uebertragungsfähigkeit der Anaphylaxie mit isoliertem Präzipitin etwas stärker als die mit Originalimmunserum. 8) Gestützt auf die oben angegebenen Tatsachen möchte ich behaupten, dass Präzipitin und anaphylaktischer Antikörper wohl identisch sind. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KuwanaSeiro en-aut-sei=Kuwana en-aut-mei=Seiro kn-aut-name=桑名省郎 kn-aut-sei=桑名 kn-aut-mei=省郎 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學衛生學教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=44 cd-vols= no-issue=12 article-no= start-page=3058 end-page=3071 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1932 dt-pub=19321231 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Histologischer Nachweis des Sehpurpurs. I. Mitteilung kn-title=視紅ノ組織學的證明 其ノ1 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Die Untersuchung des Verfassers, in der er die Beschaffenheiten der mit Toluidinblau färbbaren Substanz des Stäbchenaussengliedes erforschte, führte in der ersten Mitteilung zu folgenden Schlüssen: 1) Stäbchenaussenglieder des Hellfrosches werden hellblau gefärbt und die des Dunkelfrosches dunkelblau. 2) Nach den Hellhalten des Dunkelfrosches von etwa 30 Minuten geht dessen färbbare Substanz in die Hellstellung über, nach den Dunkelhalten des Hellfrosches von 4 1/2 Stunden kehrt sie wieder zur Dunkelstellung zurück. 3) Der direkte Sonnenstrahl bringt nicht nur schnell die Dunkelstellung zur Hellstellung, sondern auch die Hellstellung zur Ultrahellstellung (nach dem Verfasser so genannt) und lässt im übrigen die letztere fortdauern. 4) Die schwache Belichtung verschiedener Stärken verändert langsam die Hellsowie Dunkelstellung, bringt sie zu einer Stellung die der Stärke des Lichtes entspricht und hält danach diesen Zustand fest. 5) Die Wärme (40°C) wirkt auf den Übergang von einer Stellung zur anderen fördernd, ohne nur eine einzige von den beiden Stellungen zu unterstützen. 6) Die Kälte (0°C) bringt alle Stellungen zu einer einzigen Situation, d. h. von Dunkelhaltung von 1 1/2 Stunden, und hält sie fest. 7) Die färbbare Substanz wird die beeinflusst, auch wenn man den Opticus durchschneidet. 8) Die Vollendungszeit des Übergangs zur Dunkelstellung ist verschieden bei jedem einzelnen Tiere, und wird auch durch hohen Hunger, Zimmertemperatur, tagesund Jahreszeiten u. s. w. beeinflusst. Aber bei Wintertieren ist die Differenz zwischen Hell- und Dunkelstellung ganz gering und meistens unerkennbar. 9) Aussenglieder bringen in jedem Teile einer Retina bestimmte Verschiedenheiten der Färbung zum Vorschein, in folgender Weise: a) Die der oberen Hälfte der Retina färben sich dunkler als die der unteren Hälfte, wenn das auch beim Winterfrosch wenige der Fall ist. b) Im oberen Peripherieteil der Hellretina ist die Färbungsreaktion ähnlich wie bei Dunkelstellung, im unteren Peripherieteil der Dunkelretina wie bei Hellstellung. c) Der Übergang von. der Hell- zur Dunkelstellung ist in der Oberhälfte schneller als in der Unterhälfte der Retina, vollendet sich im oberen Peripherieteil am schnellsten und im unteren Peripherieteil am spätesten. Während die Oberhälfte der Retina in der ersten Hälfte der Vollendungszeit fast völlig zur Dunkelstellung übergeht, tut es das Zentralgebiet und die Unterhälfte langsam in deren ersten Hälfte, schnell in deren zweiten Hälfte. d) Die örtlichen Verschiedenheiten den von Dunkel- zu Hellstellung übergehenden Teilen sind ganz und gar das Gegenteil von dem obenerwähnten ist. 10) Nach solchen Tatsachen darf man behaupten, dass die mit Toluidinblau färbbare Substanz der Stäbchenaussenglieder nichts anderes als Sehpurpur ist. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsuuraTakashi en-aut-sei=Matsuura en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name=松浦堯 kn-aut-sei=松浦 kn-aut-mei=堯 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學病理學教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=44 cd-vols= no-issue=11 article-no= start-page=2950 end-page=2962 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1932 dt-pub=19321130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Einfluss der Belichtung auf die Färbbarkeit der Zapfenölkügelchen im Froschauge kn-title=蛙眼圓錐體小油球ノ明暗ニヨル染色反應ノ差異 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Über die Veränderungen der Zapfenölkügelchen durch Licht findet man in der Literatur nur zwei Berichte. Der Verfasser prüfte die Versuche von Hamada nach und bestätigte nicht nur seine Befunde, dass die Zapfenölkügelchen in der lebenden Froschretina eine bestimmte Lichtreceptionswirkung mitmachen, sondern beobachtete auch viele andere interessante Tatsachen. Beim Hellauge können die Ölkügelchen mit Toluidinblau tief blau aufgefärbt werden, während sie im Dunkelauge damit gar nicht färbbar sind. Beim Halten des Hellfrosches im Dunkeln werden sie in ca. 2, 5 Stunden nicht mehr angefärbt. Jedes Kügelchen verliert dabei seine Färbbarkeit zuerst in seiner Mitte und dann allmählich zur peripheren Zone hin, so dass man im Verlauf der Zeit allerlei Übergangsformen, wie Ring-, Halbmond-, und endlich Sichelformen, sehen kann. Beim Halten des Dunkelfrosches im Hellen kehren die unfärbbaren Ölkügelchen in ca. 15-20 Minuten wieder in rundförmig färbbare in der Weise zurück, dass die genannten Übergangsformen sich in umgekehrter Reihenfolge verfolgen lassen. Durch direkte Sonnenbelichtung werden die Ölkügelchen des Dunkelfrosches schon in 4-6 Minuten rundförmig anfärbbar, um in einigen weiteren Minuten in Bezug auf alle Netzhautgebiete in Ultrahellstellung (vom Verfasser so genannt) zu gelangen. Diese Stellung dauert fort. Beim Halten des sonnenbelichteten Frosches im Dunkeln ist die Gesammtzeit, in der die Färbbarkeit vollkommen verloren geht, wie bei den Kontrollen, nur in der ersten Hälfte dieser Zeit findet man im Vergleich mit den Kontrollen verspätete Übergangszustände. Diese Ölkügelchen ändern sich in ihrer bestimmten Färbbarkeit je nach der Stärke der Belichtung, und zwar wird die Färbbarkeit nicht geändert, solange die Belichtung in derselber Stärke bleibt. Der Einfluss des roten Lichtes auf die Färbbarkeit der Ölkügelchen ist von derselber Intensität wie die des gewöhnlichen Lichtes. Bei der Dunkelstellung und bei den verschiedenen Hellstellungen und auch bei den Übergängen zwischen Hell- und Dunkelstellung von Tieren zeigt die Färbbarkeit in derselben Retina jedesmal eine eigenartige örtliche Verschiedenheit. Wärme (38°-40°C) befördert die Geschwindigkeit der Übergänge zwischen Hell- und Dunkelstellung. Kälte (0°C) wirkt im vollständige dunkelgestellten Auge so auf die Ölkügelchen, dass die dadurch in einen Zustand gebracht werden, als wenn sie 1, 5 Stunden im Dunkeln gewesen wären. Auch ein Übergang von Hell- in Dunkelstellung infolge Dunkelhaltens schreitet in der Kälte nicht über genannten Zustand. Durch Opticusdurchschneidung wird die Färbbarkeit nicht verändert. Bei den Frühlings-, Herbst- und Wintertieren. besonders bei den letzteren, sind die Ölkügelchen überhaupt nur schwach färbbar und reagieren auf Licht nicht so sicher und regelmässig wie bei den Sommertieren. Die Ergebnisse der Untersuchung über den Einfluss verschiedener Medikamente findet sich in einer nachfolgenden Mitteilung. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsuuraTakashi en-aut-sei=Matsuura en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name=松浦堯 kn-aut-sei=松浦 kn-aut-mei=堯 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學病理學教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=44 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=630 end-page=640 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1932 dt-pub=19320331 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Über die postmortale chemische Veränderung der Leber eines Kaninchens beim Arsenvergiftungstode kn-title=亞砒酸中毒死家兎肝臟ノ死後變化ニツイテ en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1. Der Gehalt an Rest-Stickstoff, Phosphor und Milchsäure in der Leber eines Kaninchens sofort nach dem Arsenvergiftungstode, ist grösser als in der Leber des Kaninchens, das durch Luftembolie getötet wurde. 2. Bei den vergleichenden Untersuchungen der postmortalen Zersetzungen in der Leber von Kaninchen, von denen einige durch Arsenvergiftung, andere durch Luftembolie getötet wurden, beobachtete der Verfasser, dass der Vermehrungsgrad obiger Substanzen bei der letzteren Todesart bei 17-26°C wesentlich schneller vor sich ging als bei der ersteren und dass bei 0-15.5°C der Unterschied im Vermehrungsgrad dieser Substanzen mehrere Tage nach dem Tode in beiden Fällen nicht deutlich war, aber dass er in 14-40 Tagen nach dem Tode bei der letzteren anderen übertraf, kurz gesagt, die postmortalen Zersetzungen der Leber schreiten bei einem Kaninchen, das durch Arsenvergiftung zugrunde gegangen ist, langsamer voran als in anderen Fällen. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShigenobuTakuo en-aut-sei=Shigenobu en-aut-mei=Takuo kn-aut-name=重信琢雄 kn-aut-sei=重信 kn-aut-mei=琢雄 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學法醫學教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=45 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=385 end-page=416 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1933 dt-pub=19330228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Über die Hemmungszone des Hämoagglutinins und insbesondere über den Einfluss des normalen Serums (Normalhämoagglutinins) auf die Hemmungszone kn-title=免疫血球凝集反應ノ阻止現象ニ就テ（特ニ正常血清ノ之ニ及ボス影響） en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In diesem Berichte wird die Hemmungszone des Hämoagglutinins bei frischem Serum behandelt und der Einfluss des Normalhämoagglutinins auf die Hemmungszone des Immunserums besonders berücksichtigt. Als Antigen wurden Hühnerrote benutzt und wodurch die Kaninchen stark immunisiert wurden. Diese Kaninchenimmunsera zeigten die Hemmungserscheinung bei Überschuss von Antikörper, d. h. die Hämoagglutination bleibt in schwach verdünntem Immunserumteil oft negativ. Diese Hemmungserscheinung des Immunserums tritt in frischem Zustand deutlich auf, wenn es auf 56°C 30 Minuten lang inaktiviert wird. Wie ich in der vorigen Mitteilung gesagt habe, geht diese Hemmungserscheinung umgekehrt parallel mit der angewandten Antigenmenge; d. h. wenn die Erythrozyten in geringer Menge zur Reaktion benützt werden, so wird die Hemmungszone deutlicher und breiter, z. B. 5% (bis 10 fache Verdünnung des Immunserums); 0.5% (50 fache); 0.05% (100 fache). Durch wochenlange Aufbewahrung erlöschen diese Hemmungserscheinungen des frischen Serums oft und es tritt in dieser Zone die Agglutination positiv auf. Dabei bleibt der Titer der Immunsera unverändert. Diese Erscheinung wird auch durch physikalische Hitzewirkung (60°C) oder Formalinwirkung auf das Serum nachgewiesen. Weiter studierte der Verfasser die Hemmungswirkung des normalen Serums des Kaninchens allein oder mit dem Immunserum zusammen auf die Hühnerblutkörperchen, und fand interessante Phänomene und verglich sie mit der Wirkung auf Rinder- und Ziegenblutkörperchen oder mit der Wirkung der Normalsera des Schweins, Rindes, Zieges, Hundes, Pferdes, Meerschweinchens und Huhnes, die in gleicher Weise angewandt wurden und bekam folgende Resultate: - 1) Das Normalkaninchenserum zeigt eine Agglutinationserscheinung mit Hühnerblutkörperchen, die je nach den Serumarten verschieden ist. Diese Normalagglutinin steht jedoch viel niedriger als Immunagglutinin, höchstens (zu 0.05% 1:40). Wenn man jedoch dem Immunhämoagglutinin verschiedene Menge des normalen Kaninchenserums (56°C 30 Minuten lang erwärmt) hinzufügt, so wird die Hemmungszone des Immunagglutinins deutlicher und breiter und danach verschiebt sich die Agglutinationszone auch in den verdünnten Teil. Diese Wirkung des Normalkaninchenserums geht mit der Serummenge parallel und steht innerhalb der Agglutinationsbreite des Normalkaninchenserums im Zusammenhang. Mit Normalserum, das agglutininfrei ist, kann man diese hemmende Wirkung auf Immunagglutinin nicht beobachten. Also stehen diese Wirkungen in engerem Zusammenhang mit Normalagglutinin und Immunagglutinin. 2) Das Normalkaninchenserum wirkt auf Rinder- oder Ziegenblut nicht agglutinierend und deswegen kann man die Zusammenwirkung des Immunagglutinins und des Normalkaninchenserums in bezug auf ihre hemmende Wirkung nicht beobachten. Die verschiedenen normalen Tiersera zeigen die Agglutinationskraft auf Hühnerblutkörperchen in folgender Ordnung: Schwein, Rind, Ziege, Hund, Pferd und Meerschweinchen. Selbstverständlich agglutinierte das Hühnerserum die Hühnerblutkörperchen nicht. Wenn die Sera dieser Tierarten dem Hühneragglutinin von Kaninchen hinzugefügt werden, so wirkt die Hemmung des Schweinserums stärker, und danach in folgende Reihe wie Rinder- und Ziegenserum. Das Serum von Hund, Pferd, Meerschweinchen und Huhn eine solche Wirkung gar nicht. 3) Durch physikalische Wirkung wird das normale Agglutinin stärker vernichtet als das Immunagglutinin; nämlich es wird das Normalagglutinin durch 66°C nach 1 Stunde Behandlung vernichtet. Die hemmende Wirkung des normalen Kaninchenserums wurde erheblich schwächer oder verschwand fast gänzlich bei 60°C nach 30 Minuten Erwärmung. 4) Diese hemmende Wirkung des normalen Serums zeigt sich jedoch nach Sensibilisierung des Blutkörperchens nicht mehr. Diese Wirkung verlangt die gleichzeitige Anwesenheit des normalen Serums und des Immunagglutinins. Wenn das normale Agglutinin bei 37℃ oder 0℃ durch Rote resorbiert wird, so verschwindet die hemmende Wirkung des normalen Serums. 5) Wenn das normale Serum durch Schwefelammon in Globulin-und Albuminteil getrennt wird, so geht das Normalagglutinin in Globulinteil, und die Hemmungswirkung auch in Globulinteil über. Es ist eine interessante Tatsache, dass die hemmende Wirkung des Globulinteils nach den Serumarten verschieden ist, und dass die Globulinteile des eine schwache Agglutinationskraft besitzenden normalen Serums fast keine Wirkung zeigt. Dacber hat die Hemmungswirkung des normalen Serums keine Beziehung zum Mittelstücke des Komplements oder zum Globulin selbst, sondern sie bat auf irgendeine innige Beziehung zum das normalen Hämoagglutinin. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=JohYoshiaki en-aut-sei=Joh en-aut-mei=Yoshiaki kn-aut-name=城義彰 kn-aut-sei=城 kn-aut-mei=義彰 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學衛生學教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=46 cd-vols= no-issue=10 article-no= start-page=2660 end-page=2677 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1934 dt-pub=19341031 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Über den Einfluss der Temperatur auf die Immunund Kolloidreaktion kn-title=温度ノ免疫竝ニ膠質反應ニ及ボス影響ニ就テ en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Über die passendste Temperatur für die Bakterienagglutination werden seit langem von zahlreichen Forschern Untersuchungen angestellt. Die geeignetste Temperatur für die Bildung grosser Flocken ist nach Kafka, Venema, Stern u. a. 37°C, nach Weil, Sadler, van Loghem, Porges u. a. 50-55°C, nach Gaehtgens weniger als 37°C, nach Asakawa 0°C: so bestehen in dieser Frage noch grosse Meinungsverschiedenheiten. Die gewöhnliche Methode zur Agglutininuntersuchung pflegt meist nach 2 Stunden langer Digerierung bei 37°C und in Zimmertemperatur oder bei 0°C das Objekt ruhig liegen zu lassen und am nächsten Tage zu prüfen. Aber bei dieser Methode stösst man oft auf undeutliche Reaktionen. Deshalb wird zur Messung des Agglutininwertes gewöhnlich das Agglutinoskop als Hilfsmittel gebraucht. Es ist sowohl nach der praktischen, als auch nach der theoretischen Seite hin interessant, dass durch Temperaturwirkung die Flockenbildung bei Agglutinin, Präzipitin und Kolloidreaktionen und auch die Vergrösserung der Flocken oder Vermehrung der Flockenbildung möglich ist. Zuerst habe ich die passendste Temperatur und Zeitdauer für die deutliche Flockenbildung bei Bakterienagglutininen bestimmt und die Grosse der Flocken mikroskopisch gemessen. Ferner habe ich auch bei der Präzipitation und der Kolloidreaktion (Kongorot und Janusgrün) dieselben Experimente angestellt und bin zu folgendem Schluss gelangt: 1) Die passendste Temperatur für die Colibazillenagglutination ist 45°C, die geeignetste Zeitdauer 24 Stunden. Bei dieser Methode kann man die Bildung der gröberen Flocken und eine äusserst klare Reaktion beobachten. 2) Mit dieser Methode kann man den Agglutininwert auch mit blossem Auge leicht bestimmen. 3) Sowohl bei der Präzipitation und der Kolloidreaktion wie auch bei der Agglutination jst es zu bemerken, dass eine hohere Temperatur für die Flockenbildung besser ist als eine niedrigere, was bei längerer Zeitdauer um so deutlicher wird. Es gibt jedoch eine Grenze zur Flockenbildung und man sieht keinen Unterschied zwischen 40-60°C, bei über 70°C bemerkt man sogar eine Verminderung der Flockenbildung. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IshiharaTadayuki en-aut-sei=Ishihara en-aut-mei=Tadayuki kn-aut-name=石原忠之 kn-aut-sei=石原 kn-aut-mei=忠之 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學衛生學教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=46 cd-vols= no-issue=7 article-no= start-page=1460 end-page=1497 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1934 dt-pub=19340731 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Über die Isolierung des Komplementes kn-title=補體ノ吸收竝ニ再分離ニ就テ en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Im Hinblick auf die wohlbekannte Tatsache, dass die Bindung zwischen Komple- ment und Ambozeptor bei 0°C. oder im hypertonischen Medium nicht vor sich geht, bemühte sich Verfasser, das gebundene Komplement wieder frei zu lassen, indem er das Meerschweinchenkomplement, das zuerst bei 37°C. mit dem Ambozeptor fest gebunden wurde, bei 0°C. in der hypertonischen Kochsalzlosung wiederum behandelte. Dies Ziel zu erreichen, ist jedoch nicht so leicht, und so erhielt er immer negative Resultate bei gewöhnlichem Antigen und Autikörperbinduug, wie bei Bakterienantiserum oder Antieiweisspräzipitinen und entsprechenden Antigenen. Dabei konnte er nicht klar nachweisen, dass bei der Bindung zwischen Antigen und Antikörper auch dieKomplemente so untrennbar fest gebunden werden oder ein Teil des Komplementes nicht wirksam wird. Daher hat er das hämolytische System angewandt, um das Komplement wieder frei zu lassen, und als Antigen mit formalin behandelte Rote und gekochte benüzt, weil mit diesen die Hömolyse vermieden werden kann. Als Vorprobe hat er die Komplementbindede Fähhigkeit der Formalinroten untersucht und fand dabei die Tatsache, dass bei Formalinroten allein das Komplement indifferent bleibt und dass bei sensibilisierten Formalinroten das Komplement mehr oder weniger je nach den Sensibilisieruugsstärke gebunen wird. So hat er Als Ambozeptor sensibilisierte Formalinrote benüzt. Wie er bei der in der vorigen Mitteilung behandelten Untersuchung bei Isolierung des Immuukorpers den Vorteil der wiederholten mehrmaligen Sensibilisierung nachgewieseu hat, so hat er diesmal auch mit dem Komplement 3 mal wieder den Ambozeptor sensibilisiert und den Abguss entfernt. Diese mit Komplement und Ambozeptor beladenen Roten wurden in verschiedenen Kochsalz1ösungen in Kälte aufbewahlt, um das Komplement zu befreien. Dabei fand Verfasser als Isolierungstemperatur 0°C. und als Isolierungsmedium die hypertonische Kochsalzlösung von 4, 25%-8, 5% am geeignetsten. Dabei wurde das hypertonische Medium zu 0, 85% durch destilliertes Wasser verdünnt. Das auf diese Weise wieder befreite Komplement wirkt hämolytisch auf Ziegeurot bei Anwesenheit von Hämolysinen, und der Komplementtiter betragt vom Eiweissgehalt ungefähr die Halfte wie beim genuinen Meerschweinchenserum und zeigt in bezug auf Thermostabilität uud Filtrierbatkeit keinen grossen Unterschied zum originalen Komplement. Das isolierte Komplement wirkt sowohl hämolytisch als auch bakteriolytisch. Seine Deviabilität ist grösser als die des Originalkomplementes. Wie das gewöhnliche Komplement kann man auch das isolierte Komplement in Mittelstück, endstück und dritte Komponent teilen. Verfasser hat auch mit dem Globulinteil und dem Albuminteil diese Bindungs-und Isolierungsverfahren bei sensibilisierten Formalinroten geprüft. Der Erfolg war jedoch nicht so deutlich wie bei dem Komplement, weil bei Zusatz der nötigen Fraktionen nur eine inkomplette Hamoyae beobachtet werden konnte. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OhiwaHiromasa en-aut-sei=Ohiwa en-aut-mei=Hiromasa kn-aut-name=大岩博雅 kn-aut-sei=大岩 kn-aut-mei=博雅 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學衛生學教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=47 cd-vols= no-issue=12 article-no= start-page=3236 end-page=3246 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1935 dt-pub=19351231 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studien über die Vitalität der Leukozyten (II. Mitteilung) Über die Vitalität der Leukozyten des Menschen, des Huhnes, der Taube und der Ziege kn-title=白血球活力ニ關スル研究（第2報）山羊，人，鷄，鳩ノ白血球活力ニ就テ en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Die Lebensdauer der Leukozyten wurde schon von mehreren Autoren vielfach untersucht; die Resultate der Untersuchungen stimmen jedoch nicht übererein. Die Ursache hierfür liegt darin, dass die Leukozyten sehr labil sind und die Untersuchungsmethode noch recht verschieden ist. Neuerdings hatte die letztere durch die Forschungen mehrerer Autoren einen beträchtlichen Fortschritt zu verzeichen. Vor allem lieferte Prof. Sugiyama und seine Mitarbeiter in dieser Hinsicht einen grossen Beitrag. Verfasser hat durch die Neutralrotfärbungsmethode und die Seyderhelm'sche Färbungsmethode die Supravitalität der Leukozyten des Menschen, des Huhnes, der Taube und der Ziege untersucht. Die Resultate sind folgende; 1) Ziegen- und Menschenleukozyten leben so lange wie Kaninchen-und Hundeleukozyten. 2) Hühner- und Taubenleukozyten haben die längste Vitalität. 3) Der Unterschied zwischen der Neutralrotfärbung und der Seyderhelm'schen Färbungsmethode bei den Hühnerund Taubenleukozyten ist gering. 4) Die Vitalität der Hühnerleukozyten hält in allen Wärmegraden länger an als die der Taubenleukozyten. 5) Dass die Supravitalität bei 0°C am längsten ist und dass je mehr die Wärme steigt, desto kürzer wird, ist ebenso wie in der vorigen Mitteilung. 6) Die Supravitalität folgt in der Neutralrotfärbungsmethode der Van't Hoff'schen Formel. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IkegamiAkira en-aut-sei=Ikegami en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=池上章 kn-aut-sei=池上 kn-aut-mei=章 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學柿沼内科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=47 cd-vols= no-issue=11 article-no= start-page=3013 end-page=3025 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1935 dt-pub=19351130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studien über die Vitalität der Leukozyten (I. Mitteilung.) Über die Vitalität der Leukozyten von Kaninchen, Hunde, Meerschweinchen und Ratten kn-title=白血球活力ニ關スル研究（第1報）家兎，犬，海猽，白鼠ノ白血球活力ニ就テ en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Die Methoden die Lebensdauer der Leukozyten zu bestimmen, sind zahlreich. Unter ihnen ist die Neutralrot-supravital-färbung eine der besten, was von mehreren Autoren nachgewiesen wurde. Der Vorzug der biologischen Neutralrotfärbung vor anderen Methoden liegt darin, dass die Zellen nur wenig geschädigt werden. Im Jahre 1925 brachte Seyderhelm die sog. Seyderhelm'sche Lösung heraus, d. i. ein Trypanblau- u. Kongorot-Gemisch; diese Lösung färbt bei den lebenden Leukozyten die Granula kaum oder gar nicht; sterben aber die Leukozyten, dann zeigen sich sofort die Kernfärbungeu durch Trypanblau oder Kongorot. Verfasser hat mit den Supravitalitäten der Leukozyten des Kaninchens, Meerschweinchens, Hundes und der Ratte bei verschiedenen Wärmegraden mit beiden Methoden Versuche angestellt. Die Resultate sind folgende: 1) Die Neutralrot-färbung ist empfindlicher als die Seyderhelm'sche Methode. 2) Bei beiden Methoden sind die Supravitalitäten bei 0°C am längsten; dann werden, je mehr die Wärme steigt, die Supravitalitäten desto kürzer. 3) Die Supravitalitäten folgen in der Neutralrotfärbungsmethode der Van't Hoff'schen Formel. 4) Die Vitalitäten des Kaninchens und Hundes am längsten, dann folgen die des Meerschweinchens; die Vitalität der Ratte ist am kürzesten. 5) Die Neutralrot-Lösung entfärbt sich durch die Acidität des Glasapparates, sodass wir sie nur einige Wochen verwenden können; die Seyderhelm'sche Lösung ist dagegen lange Zeit brauchbar. 6) Bei allen Wärmegraden war mit beiden Methoden kein Unterschied in der Färbbarkeit bemerkbar. 7) Bei der Neutralrot-färbung ist die Zeit, in welcher die Granulafärbung verloren geht, wahrscheinlich die Zeit, in Welcher die Leukozyten sterben. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IkegamiAkira en-aut-sei=Ikegami en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=池上章 kn-aut-sei=池上 kn-aut-mei=章 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學柿沼内科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=47 cd-vols= no-issue=7 article-no= start-page=1963 end-page=1994 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1935 dt-pub=19350731 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Serologische Studien mit Thrachea-Schleimhaut (I. Mitteilung.) Über die Organspezifität des Flimmerepithels kn-title=氣管粘膜ノ血清學的研究（第1報）氣管粘膜纎毛上皮蛋白ノ特異性ニ就テ en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Verfasser immunisierte das Kaninchen mit thrachealem Flimmerepithel von Rindern, Schweinen und Hühnern. Dabei benützte er als Flimmerepithel leicht abgeschabelte thracheale Schleimhaut. Diese Schleimhautmasse wurde viele Male mit Wasser gewaschen und danach wurde die Kochsalzlösungemulsion vom Flimmerepithel hergestellt. Dieses Flimmerepithelantigen wirkt stark toxisch auf Kaninchen, daher wurde es bei 56°C. inaktiviert. Mit diesem hat Verfasser das Kaninchen viele Male injiziert und bekam relativ hochwertiges Antiserum. Der Antiserumwert wurde nach der Präzipitinreaktion, einerseits über die Antigenität (Uhlenhuth), andrerseits über die Immunkörpermenge (nach Ogata) bestimmt. Das Antiserum von thrachealem Flimmerepithel reagiert am stärksten mit Flimmerepithelantigen von dem entsprechenden Tiere, doch reagiert es auch mit Flimmerepithelantigen anderer Tiere, sogar mit Vogelflimmerepithel, je nach dem zoologischen Verwandschaftsgrade. Man kann daher sagen, dass das Flimmerepithel der Thrachea-Schleimhaut in bezug auf die Organspezifität relativ schärfer ist. Andrerseits reagiert das Antiserum von Flimmerepithelen mit eigenem Serumantigen positiv. Jedoch erfolgt diese Reaktion nicht auf andere Tiersera, und man kann nur nach Absorption mit Eigensera eine positive Reaktion auf Epithelzellen nachweisen. Umgekehrt reagiert auch das Antiserum von Hühner-Flimmerepithelzellen auf Säugetier-Flimmerepithelantigen positiv, und der Grad dieser Reaktion entspricht ungefähr 3%, wenn man die entsprechende Reaktion nach der Immumserumverdünnungsmethode mit 100% anstellt. Das Antiserum von Flimmerepithel reagiert nach Absorption mit Eigenserumantigen mit verschiedenem Organextrakt von demselben Tiere. Der Grad dieser Reaktion steht zu Flimmerepithel (100%), zu Darmschleimhaut und Milzextrakt (25%), zu Lunge und Magenschleimhaut (12%), zu Niere, Leber und Hoden (6%), zu Herz (0%). Mit Komplementbindungsreaktion zeigen sich dieselben Ergebnisse wie mit Präzipitinreaktion nach der Verdünnungsmethode und sie sind ähnlich wie die Resultate bei activer Anaphylaxie mit Meerschweinchen. Verfasser konnte jedoch auch schwache Organspezifität und deutliche Artspezifität bei Flimmerepithel-sensibilisierung beobachten. Dieser Antikörper von Flimmerepithel wirkt auch auf lebende Flimmerepithelzellen und die Flimmerbewegung hält bei mikroskopischer Beobachtung noch einige Minuten an. Es ist bemerkenswert, dass das Antiserum vom entsprechenden Tier in bezug auf die Flimmerbewegung auch stark toxisch wirkt. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KoizumiMichinori en-aut-sei=Koizumi en-aut-mei=Michinori kn-aut-name=小泉道徳 kn-aut-sei=小泉 kn-aut-mei=道徳 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學衛生學教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=49 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=1285 end-page=1288 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1937 dt-pub=19370630 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Über Zystinflavianat kn-title=「チスチン・フラビアナート」ニ就テ en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Verfasser hat Zystinflavianat dargestellt und dessen chemischen Beschaffenheit untersucht. Diese Verbindung stellt sich in Form von gelben nadelformigen Kristallen dar, besteht aus einem Molekül Zystin und 2 Molekülen Flaviansäure, enthält 6 Mole Küle Wasser und zersetzt sich bei 206-207°C. Da sich aus diesem Salz, dessen Löslichkeit in Wasser bei 0°C sich 1.55% zeigt, durch Behandeln mit Barytwasser die Flaviansäure leicht abspalten lässt, ist es zur Reindarstellung des Zystins gut geeignet. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FujimiTadahiko en-aut-sei=Fujimi en-aut-mei=Tadahiko kn-aut-name=藤見忠彦 kn-aut-sei=藤見 kn-aut-mei=忠彦 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學法醫學教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=48 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=100 end-page=110 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1936 dt-pub=19360131 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studien über die Vitalität der Leukozyten (III. Mitteilung.) Über die Vitalität der Leukozyten des Frosches und des Karpfen kn-title=白血球活力ニ關スル研究(第3報)蟇及ビ鯉ノ白血球活力ニ就テ en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Die Leukozyten sind eine der guten Objekte für die Vitalitätsforschung, denn sie behalten ale selbständige Organismen ihre Funktion, ihre Leben und anderes. Andere Gewebe, z. B. Leber, Niere und Herz kamen als Testobjekte in derselben Richtung erst in verhältnismässig neuer Zeit in Frage. Wie Verfasser in den vorigeu Mitteilungen dargelegt hat, zeigt die Leukozyten einiger in Betracht gebrachten Tiere je die eigentliche Lebensdauer. In dieser Mitteilung berichtet Verfasser, dass er durch die Neutralrotfärbung und die Seyderhelm'sche Methode die Vitalität der Frosch- und Karpfenleukozyten untersucht hat. Die Resultate sind folgende; 1) Bei verhältnismässig hohen Wärmegraden hält die Vitalität der Karpfenleukozyten länger an ale die der Froschleukozyten; bei niedrigen Wärmegraden wird sie dagegen kürzer. 2) Die durch die Seyderhelm'sche Färbungsmethode bezeigte Todeszeitliegt später als bei der Neutralrotfärbung. 3) Die Vitalität der Leukozyten ist bei beiden Tiere bei 0°C am längsten und wird um so kürzer, je mehr die Wärme steigt. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IkegamiAkira en-aut-sei=Ikegami en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=池上章 kn-aut-sei=池上 kn-aut-mei=章 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學柿沼内科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=49 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=14 end-page=34 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1937 dt-pub=19370131 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Beiträge zur Frage der Antigenität des Kohlenhydrates. (2. Mitteilung.) Antikörperbildung durch Kohlenhydrat des Gummi arabicum. kn-title=含水炭素ノ抗原性ニ就テ（第2報）「コロヂウム」ノ抗原性賦活能力 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In der vorliegenden Mitteilung soll uber die Antigenität des rohen Gummi arabicum und des Lipoides und Kohlenhydratets desselben berichtet werden. Bei diesen Versuchen wurde die Antikörperbildung durch Kohlenhydrate bei normaler Immunisierungsweise nicht erhalten. Deswegen wendete Verfasser die Bakterienkohlenhydrat-adsorption durch Kollodium nach Zozaya19) an und untersuchte damit die Antikörperbildung durch Kohlenhydrat des Gummi arabicum. Die Adsorptionsmethode ist die folgende: Das Kollodium wird in Alkohl- und Äthergemisch gelöst und durch Wasserzusatz in groben Flocken ausgeschieden. Diese grobe Flocke wird in Acetonwieder gelost und durch Zusatz einer passenden Wassermenge werden viele feine Kollodiumflocken gebildet. Diese feinen Kollodiumflocken weden mit Wasser gereinigt und es wird 1c.c. eines 1.0% igen enteiweissten Gummi-arabicum-kohlenhydyates zu 0, 1c.c. dieser Kollodiumkolloidlosung zugesetzt. Nach Bewahruug im Eisschrank über Nacht wird dieses Gemisch dreimal mit physiologischer Kochsalzlösung gewaschen, dann zentrifugiert. Den Bodensatz benutzte Verfasser als in Kollodium adsorbiertes Kohlenhydrat zum Antigen für die Immunisierung des Versuchstieres. Bei der Immunisierung werden diese Antigene zu 1% durch Kollodium noch weiter verdünnt, 1,0c.c., 1,5c.c. und 2.0c.c. dieser verdünnten Antigene werden mit 3 tägigen Pausen intravenös den Kaninchen injiziert, und diese Injektionsweise wird nach 5 tötigem Intervall noch einmal wiederholt. Das Serum des Immuntieres wird am 7. Tage nach der letzten Injektion geprüft. Die Ergebnisse können kurz, wie folgt, angegeben werden. 1) Präzipitinversuch: Als Präzipitinreaktion werden Ring- und Mischproben nach unserem Institut angewandt, mit denen man die geringe Antikörpermenge der Versuchsera sicher erkennen kann. Bei der Ringprobe wird als Präzipitinogen das Kohlenhydrat des Gummi arabicum in physiohogischen Lösungen benützt. Das Versuchserum reagiert positiv, wie Tabelle 2 zeigt, nach U.'sher Methode 1:5, nach O.'scher Methode 1:4 oder 1:8. Bei der Mischprobe bekam man eine positive Reaktion mit denselben Sera durch Verlängerung der Digerierungszeit bei 37°C bis zu 8 Stunaen, während die Reaktion nach 2 stündiger Digerierung negativ blieb. Dabei fand Verfasser eine interessante Reaktionsform, wie bei Tabelle 3 angegeben ist. Dabei finden die positiven Reaktionen nur bei geeigneter Verdünnung der Antigene und Antikörper statt. 2) Komplementbindungsversuch: Das Kohlenhydratantigen wird erst mit Ziegenroten absorbiert. (Siehe 1. Mitteilung) Danach wird dieses Antigen 2 Stunden lang bei 37°C mit Komplement und Immunserum digeriert. Nach Entlassung aus dem Brutofen wird dieses Gemisch über Nacht bei Zimmertemperatur stehen gelassen. Durch diese langdauende Digerierung bindet sich der Kohlenhydratantikörper erst mit den Antigenen und dem Komplement. (Siehe Tabelle 8) 3) Aktiv anaphylaktischer Versuch: Die Versuchsmeerschweinchen werden mit Kohlenhydrat allein oder mit in Kollodium adsorbiertem Kohlenhydrat subcutan 3 mal mit 1c.c. 10% iger Lösungen sensibilisiert. Nach einer Inkubation von 2-3 Wochen wird in die juguralen Venen die Kohlenhydratlösung, 8c.c. pro Kilogramm, reinjiziert. Dabei Kann man die mittelstarken Schocksymptome nur bei Tieren die mit in Kollodium adsorbiertem Antigen injiziert sind, erzeugen, wobei ausser Schocksymptomen ein Temperatursturz (rund 5 Grad) und eine Komplemnelhtverminderung (1/2) beobachtet wird. Aus obigem Versuch mochte ich schliessen, dass Kohlenhydrat durch Kollodiumadsorption als Antigen zum Immunkörper ebensowirksam ist wie ein ander Antigenstoff. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NaitohTatsuo en-aut-sei=Naitoh en-aut-mei=Tatsuo kn-aut-name=内藤達雄 kn-aut-sei=内藤 kn-aut-mei=達雄 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學衛生學教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=50 cd-vols= no-issue=12 article-no= start-page=2438 end-page=2451 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1938 dt-pub=19381231 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Über die Wirkung des Evipan-Natriums auf die ausgeschnitten sowie auf die im Körper befindlichen glattmuskeligen Oagane kn-title=Evipan-Natriumノ藥理學的研究追補特ニ滑平筋臟器ニ及ボス影響ニ就テ en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Evipan-Natrium (E.-Na.) stellt ein losliches Natriumsalz der C-C-Cyclohexenylmethl. N-methylbarbitursäure (Evipan) dar und wird gegenwärtig wegen seiner ungewo nlich raschen narkotischen Wirkung und geringen Giftigkeit als injizierbares Narkotikum fur Kurznarkose empfohlen. Über dieses Mittel liegen zwar schon sehr viele klinische Untersuchungen vor, aber nur äusserst wenige pharmakologische. Darum hat Verf. eine Reihe von pharmakologischen Untersuchungen vorgenommen, um die Wirkung des Mitteles auf die glattmuskeligen Organe klarzustellen. Die Resultate der Experimente sind im folgendeu zusammengefasst. 1. E.-Na. übt in allen Dosen über 0,00005% auf den überlebenden Kaninchendünndarm eine betrüchtlich hemmende Wirkung aus. Bei dieser Wirkung wirkt Acetylcholin fast wie gewohnlich erregend. Dagegen wird die Wirkung des Bariums, zumal bei hoherer Konzentration, abgeschwacht. Ferner ist bei der Hemmung die hemmende Wirkung des Adrenalins, wenn auch etwas abgeschwächt, so doch wohl ausgeprägt. 2. Auf den isolierten Mäusedünndarm wirkt E.-Na. auch stets (bei über 0, 00005%) hemmend. Das gleiche Verhalten in Bezug auf die Wirkung des Acetylcholins und Bariums wie beim Kaninchendarm wird auch hier nachgewiesen. 3. Auf den isolierten Kaninchenuterus übt E.-Na. bei über 0, 002% immer eine hemmende Wirkung aus. Bei dieser Wirkung erweist sich der Uterus für Acetylcholin als fast gleich empfindlich wie im normalen Zustand. Die Wirkung des Bariums aber wurde als deutlich abgeschwächt gefunden. Die erregende Wirkung des Adrenalins tritt fast wie sonst auf. 4. Auf den isolierten Rattenuterus wirkt E.-Na. bei über 0, 0008% immer hemmend; dabei zeigen die Wirkungen der anderen Pharmaka die gleichen Verhältnisse wie beim vorigen Organe. 5. Auf den im Horper befindlichen Dünndarm des Kaninchens zeigt E.-Na. eine dreifache Wirkungsweise (bei über 3mg): 1) anfangs hemmend, dann erregend, 2) nur hemmend, 3) nur erregend. Bei der hemmenden Wirkung wird die erregende Wirkung des Acetylcholins nicht gehindert. Nach der beiderseitigen Resektion des Splanchnicus ist die Wirkung nicht mehr nachzuweisen. Was die erregende Wirkung anbelangt, so wird sie durch vorherige Darreichung von Atropin in keiner Weise beeinflusst. 6. Auf den Kaninchenuterus in situ wirkt E.-Na. bei über 5mg erregend (ganz selten hemmend). Auf diese Wirkung zeigen Atropin und Yohimbin keinen Einfluss. 7. Die hemmende Wirkung des Stoffes am isolierten Kaninchen- und Mausedünndarm sowie am isolierten Kaninchen- und Rattenuterus scheint nicht auf einer Lähmung der parasympathischen Nerven zu beruhen. Ebensowenig scheint die Wirkung auf dem Wege über das sympathische Nervensystem einzutreten. Dagegen ist aus dem Verhalten zum Barium anzunehmen, dass der glatte Muskel selbst an der Lähmung teilnimmt. Der Hauptsitz dieser Wirkung konnte aber nich aufgeklärt werden. Es liegt jedoch die Annahme nahe, dass die letzten Nervengebilde, die Auerbachschen rasp. Frankenhauserschen Ganglien, vorwiegend fär die Lähmung verantwortlich sind. 8. Die hemmende Wirkung, die am Kaninchendünndarm in situ festgestellt wird beruht fast zweifellos auf der zentralen Erregung des Sympathicus. Was die erregende Wirkung beim Kaninchendünndarm und -uterus in situ anlangt, so scheint sie nicht seitens des vegetativen Nervensystems, sondern seitens der glatten Muskeln herbeigeführt zu werder. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KatoKonroku en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Konroku kn-aut-name=加藤艮六 kn-aut-sei=加藤 kn-aut-mei=艮六 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學藥理學教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=50 cd-vols= no-issue=12 article-no= start-page=2325 end-page=2355 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1938 dt-pub=19381231 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Über die Adrenalin-Bestimmung im peripheren und zirkulierenden Blut kn-title=末梢循環血ノ「アドレナリン」定量法ニ就テ en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Auch heute ist die Frage noch nicht ganz geklärt, was mit dem sezernierten Adrenalin im Blut geschieht, da die Adrenalinwirkung im Blut äusserst schnell verschwindet. Als ich mit einer Modifikation der Folinechen Methode das Adrenalin Kaninchenblut extrahierte, entdeckte ich, dass das Blutadreualin durch die roten Blutkörperchen in vivo unerwartet stark adsorbiert wird. Ich will daher über diese Tatsache nähere Angaben machen. Herstellung des Blutadrenalinextrakts. 2ccm Vollblut werden mit 4ccm N/8 HCl (od. 2ccm N/4 HCl) gemischt und in siedendem Wasser 2-3 Minuten lang erhifzt. Hierauf werden 4ccm (bezw. 1ccm) einer Mischlössung von 15%igem Na(2)SO(4)+1%igem NaCl zugesetzt und dae Ganze noch einige Minuten auf der gleichen Temperatur erhalterr. Dann wird dieses Blut in fliessehdem Wasser 2-3 Stunden lang abgekühlt, worauf man es mait dest, Wasser bis auf 10ccm (bezw. 5ccm) auffullt und filtriert. Das Filtrat ist klar oder dunn gelblich braun; sein Ph zeigt weniger als 4. Aus 2ccm Blut wird jeweilig das Plasma, das Serum bezw. Blutkörperchen durch Zentrifugierung abgetrennt und in gleicher Weise behandelt. Auf diese Weise gelangt man zu Adrenalinextrakt von Vollblut (A), von Plasma oder Serum (B) von Blutkörperchen (C). Adrenalin-Bestimmungsmethode fur den Extrakt. Zuerst neutrierte Verfasser den Extrakt mit N/10 NaOH oder Na(2)CO(3) genau zuimmer gleicher PH=7,3. Dabei wurde als Farbindikator eine Losung von 0,1‰ Neutralrot, 0,1‰ Wasserblau und 0,5‰ Phenolphthalein benutzt, und dann die gleiche Menge Wasser hinzugefügt, um den osmotischen Druck des Extrakts von Blat, Plasma und Blutkörperchen isotonisch auszugleichen. Darauf wurde sofort die Adrenalinmenge mit diesem neutrierten und isotonisch gemachten Extrakt durch die Kaninchendünndarm-Methods von Kodama, die Kaninchenohrgefäss-Methode von Pissemskii und ausserdem durch Blutdruck-Methode in der Carotis bestimmt. Zusammenfassung. 1. Über dem Extrakt. Der Extrakt aus Blut, Plasma und Blutkorperchen zeigt eine adrenalinartige Wirkung auf Kaniuchendunndarm, Ohrgefäss und Blutdruck. Durch folgende Untersuchungen kann man diese Wirkung als wirkung von "Adrenalin" nachweisen. a) Chemisch reins Adrenalin (Sankyo) wurden dem Kaninchenblut zugesetzt und nach obigen Methoden extrahiert. Dabei konute Verfasser Adrenalin im Blutextrakt in der gleichen zugesetzten Menge und sogar noch mehr im Blute selbst nachweisen. b) Es ist bekannt, dass das Adrenalin gegen Säure stark resistent aber gegen Alkali sehr labil ist. Das Gleiche gilt auch fur den Blutadrenalinextrakt. Wenn der Extrakt in Bezug auf PH geringer ist als 4, so ist eine starke Adrenalin Wirkung festzustellen, wenn dagegen zwischen 5,5-6,5, dann eine vial schwachere, und bei alkalischer Reaktion gar keine mehr. c) Das Blutadrenalin ist auch gegen thermische Wirkung sehr labil. Durch Erwärmung des Blutes 30 Minuten lang bei 56°C. sieht man keine Adrenelinwirkung. Erwärmung bei 50°C. zeigt eine sehwaehe, bei 40°C. oder 0°C. aber eine unveräudert starke Adrenalinwirkung. d) Um andere adrenalinartige Stoffe in ineinem Extrakt auszuschalten, habe ich mit diesem Extrakt Histaminwirkung (durch isolierten Kaninchendünndarm), Acethylcholiu (durch Blutegel) und Lipoid bezw. andere giftige Substanzen geprüft, aberkeine nennenswerte positive Reaktion bemerkt. Die Mineralsubstanz im Extrakt zeigt keine adrenalinartige Wirkung. 2. Über die gesamte Adrenalinmenge im peripheren Blut (A). a) Wenn man dem Versuchtier im Rubezustand, ohne Bewegungsbeechränknng and freivon Angst, Blut entnimmt, findet man in 1cem Blut eine Adrenalin-Konzentration von etwa 1:50-200 Millionen. Aber wenn man das Kaniuchen auf dem Tisch in der Bewegung einschränkt, so vermehrt sich die Adrenalinmenge des Blutes sehr stark; nämlich 30-60 Minuten nach der Beschränkung auf das Zehnfache (1:10-20 Millionen), 2 St. danach auf 1:5-10 Millionen, 4-5 St. darnach auf 1:3-7 Millionen. b) Durch Fixation und kleine Hals-Operation vermehrt sich das Blutad renalin auf 0,00015-0,0005 mgr (1:2-7 Millionen) in 1ccm. Zwischen der gesamten Adrenalinmenge des jugular arteriosen Blutes und der der venösen erkennt man keinen Unterschied. c) Bei der Ischiadicusreizung findet man eine augenblickliche Zunahme des Adrenaline im peripheren Blut ; dieser Zustand dauert über 15 Minuten an. 3. Über die Adrenalinmenge im Blutplasma (B). a) Die Menge des Plasma Adrenaline eine St. nach der Fixation ist 0,00001 mgr ausgerechnet für 1com Blut, entspricht also einem Zehntel der Menge des Vollblutes. b) Es ist bemerkenswert, dass die Menge des Plasmaadrenalins aus dem Arterienblut immer grösser ist ale die Menge des Plasmaadrenalins aus dem venösen Blut. Das Plasmaadrenalin in 1com Blut entspricht 1/15-0 des gesamtes Adr enaline in der gleichen Menge Vollblut. c) Bei der Ischiadicusreizung findet man eine momentane Zunahme des Plasmaadrenaline im peripheren Blut, die jedoch bald nach der Behandlung wieder zur Norm zurückkehrt. 4. Über das Blutkörperchen-Adrenalin (C), Erst neuerdings wurde die Tatsache festgestellt, dass das Adrenalin im Blut durch die roten Blutkörperchen stark adsorbiert wird, man kann wieder durch Extraktion die Adrenalinwirkung nachweisen. a) Das Blutadrenalin des Versuchtieres geht nach einer eine Stunde langen Fixation zum grossen Teil in die roten Blutkorperchen über, es entspricht 90% des Adrenalins des Vollblutes. b) Der Adrenalingehalt in den Blutkörperchen steht dei Arterienblut und bei venösem Blut im ungekehrten Verhältnis wie im Serum oder im Plasma. Der gehalt des Adrenalins in der Arterien-Blutkörperchen betrug im Mittel 85% des Gehaltes im Vollblut, aber der in den venösen Blutkörperchen 95%. Daher lässt sich aufgrund des obigen Versuches, vermuten dass des Blutkörperchen in vivo als gutes Reservoir in Bezug auf Adrenalin- adsorption wirkt und dadurch die Vermehrung des wirksamen Adrenalin im Serum oder Plasma immer kompensiert wird. c) Bei der Ischiadicusreizung lässt sich dies ohne weiters annehmen, Sofort nach der Nervenreizung jst eine geringe Vermehrung des Blutkörperchenadrenalins statt einer grossen Vermehrung des Serumadrenalins festzustellen. Dagegen vermehrt sich die Menge des Blutkörperchenadrenalins allmählich nach der Reizausschaltung gegenüber einer Verminderung des Plasmaadrenalins. Schlusswort. 1) Die roten Blutkörperchen wirken als Reservoir für das Adrenalin im Blut durch Adsorption. 2) Bei der Bestimmung des Adrenalins ist es nötig, das Körperchenadrenalin zu beachten, weil das sezernierte Adrenalin zum grossen Teil durch dasselbe adsorbiert und eine geringerer Teil davon im Plasma enthalten ist. 3) Es ist nötig, bei Prüfung der Adrenalinwirkung im Blut erstens einen chemisch reinen Adrenalinextrakt aus Serum, Plasma, Blutkörperchen und Vollblut anzuwenden und zweitens die Adsorptionswirkung der Blutkörperchen zu berücksichtigen. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkamuraNagawo en-aut-sei=Okamura en-aut-mei=Nagawo kn-aut-name=岡村榮雄 kn-aut-sei=岡村 kn-aut-mei=榮雄 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學衛生學教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=50 cd-vols= no-issue=9 article-no= start-page=1811 end-page=1844 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1938 dt-pub=19380930 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Beiträge zur Kenntnis über das Vitamin C. (3. Mitteiluug) Untersuchungen mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Leber. kn-title=Vitamim Cニ關スル研究（第3報）肝臟ヲ中心トセル實驗 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In der vorliegenden Mitteilung berichtete der Verfasser über den Einfluss des Reticuloendotheliarsystems, der Milz, des Fiebers sowie des Insulins auf die Veränderungen des C-Vitamins. Die im folgenden beschriebenen Untersuchungen wurden vorgenommen, um Klarheit zu gewinnen 1. über die Veranderungen des C-Vitamins bei Beeinträchtigung der Leberfunktionen, 2. über die Beziehung zwischen dem Glykogen und dem Vitamin C bei Reticineinspritzung, 3. über das Vitamin C bei Steigerung der Leberfunktionen, insbesondere uber den Einfluss, welcher von Glykoseund Lävulose-Eingabe auf das Vitamin C ausgeubt wird, mit Hinsicht auf das Verhalten der Leber gegenüber dem im Blute enthaltenen Vitamin C und schliesslich über die Beziehungen zwischen dem Blutzucker und dem Vitamin C. Ausserdem wurde noch der Jodsäurewert des Blutes gemessen. 1.) Mit dem Zweck der chemischen Schädigung der Leberfunktionen wurden Kaninchen Tetrachlorkohlenstoff (0.3, 0.4, 0.5cc pro kg), gelber Phosphor (1% iger gelber Phosphor 0.4cc pro kg), Chloroform (0.18cc pro kg) jeweils per os eingegeben, wodurch eine ausserordentliche Abnahme des C-Vitamins im Blute bewirkt wurde, welche mit dem Verlaufe der Zeit immer mehr starker wurde. Demgegenüber zeigte der Jodsäurewert eine Zunahme, welche mit dem Verlauf der Zeit immer mehr zunahm. Bei mechanischer Schadigung der Funktionen durch Operation zeigte das Vitamin C im Blute am 5. und am 10. Tags nach der Operation bei der Untersuchung eine Abnahme, die Abnahme war am 10. Tage grösser. Der Jodsäurewert ergab im Gegenteil eine Zunahme und zeigte am zehnten Tage allmählich Anzeichen der Erholung. 2.) Bei Verursachung von-verglichen mit 1)-leichtgradiger Vergiftung mit Tetrachlorkohlenstoff (0.1cc/kg) und gelbem Phosphor (0 5% iger 0.4cc/kg per os) nahm das Vitamin C im Blute ab, während der Jodsaurewert zunahm. Verabreichte man diesen mit Tetrachlorkohlenstoff und gelbem Phosphor vergifteten Kaninchen 24 Stunden nach dieser Vergiftung Glykose und Lavulose per os, so nahm das Vitamin C im Blute rapid zu, und erreichte bei Tetrachlorkohlenstoff nach zweieinhalb Stunden, bei gelbem Phosphor nach ein bis drei Stunden einen Hochstwert, zeigte darauf abnehmende Tendenz und kehrte nach Verlauf einiger Stunden wieder auf den ursprunglichen Wert zuruck, worauf es auch Falle gab, die den alten Wert noch unterschritten. Die Steigerungsrate des C-Vitamins bei Zufuhr von Glykose und Lävulose im Vergleich ergibt Lävulose>Glykose, indem Lävulose gegenüber der Glykose mehr und länger behalteu wird. Und zwar war das Vitamin C im Blute nach Glykoseverabreichung sechs Stunden später wieder auf den alten Wert zuruckgekehrt, wahrend Lävulose nach sechs Stunden noch immer ziemliche Zunahme auf-wies. Beim normalen Kaninchen nimmt das Vitamin C zwar durch Zufuhr von Glykose und Lävulose per os zu, aber verglichen mit den beiden vorigen Fällen ist die Rate der Zunahme geringer, sie erreicht schnell einen Maximalwert und kehrt bald wieder auf den alten Wert zurück. Und zwar wird das Maximum in einer halben Stunden erreicht, und nach zwei bis zweieinhalb Stunden stellt sich wieder der alte Wert ein. Vergleicht man den Wert der Zunahme des C-Vitamins bei Glykose und Lävulose, so ergibt sich Lävulose>Glykose, wobei allerdings der Unterschied nicht so beträchtlich ist wie in den beiden ersten Fällen. Misst man gleichzeitig den Blutzucker der mit gelbem Phosphor, bezw. Tetrachlorkohlenstoff vergifteten Kaninchen, so zeigt dieser im allgemeinen, von einigen Ausnahmen abgesehen, Abnahme, während er durch Glykose und Lävulose rapid ansteigt. In diesem Falle ist es aber umgekehrt wie bei dem Vitamin C, indem die Hyperglykämie infolge Glykose weit grösser ist als die durch Lävulose erzeugte, und nach sechs Stunden bei Glykose bereits wieder beinahe der alte Wert erreicht ist, während demgegenüber Glykose noch immer eine gewisse Hyperglykämie aufweist, Das Maximum liegt in beideu Fällen etwa 1-2 Stunden später. Beim nicht vergifteten Kaninchen liegt der Fall ganz genau so, indem nath 1 1/2 - 3 Stunden das Maximum erreicht wird und die Beziehung zwischen Glykose und Lävulose die gleiche wie in den ersten beiden Fällen ist. Der Jodsäurewert nimmt beim normalen Kaninchen infolge Glykose- und Lävulosezufuhr ab, kehrt aber in 1-2 Stunden wieder auf den alten Wert zurück. Bei Kaninchen, die mit gelbem Phosphor bezw. Tetrachlorkohlenstoff behandelt worden waren, nahm er infolge Glykose- und Lävulose-zufuhr zu, erreichte nach einer halben bis nach eineinenhalb Stunden das Maximum, worauf er wieder abnahm und nach zweieinhalb Stunden meist wieder den alten Wert innehatte. Im weiteren Verlauf gab es die verschiedensten Variationen, indem nämlich nach Erreichung des alten Wertes der Jodsäurewert nun entweder dabei blieb, oder allmählich weiter abnahm, oder erst weiter abnahm und dann wieder zunahm und dergl. m. 3.) Wenn man sechs Stunden nach Injektion von 10% igem Reticin, d. h. etwa zu dem Zeitpunkt, da das Leberglykogen völlig verschwunden war, eine Messung des C-Vitamins im Blute vornahm, so hatte dies abgenommen. Führte man darauf Glykose zu, resultierte das in allmählichem Anstieg, erreichte nach einer halben bis einer Stunde das Maximum und kehrte sodann in zwei bis zweieinhalb Stunden wieder auf den früheren Wert zurück. Der Blutzucker zeigte sechs Stunden nach der Injektion Abnahme, stieg aber nach Zufuhr von Glykose sofort wieder an, erreichte ein Maximum nach eineinhalb bis zweieinhalb Stunden (ausnahmsweise in einem Fall nach fünf Stunden) und zeigte auch nach sechs Stunden noch immer ziemliche Hyperglykämie. Der Jodsäurewert zeigte nach sechs Stunden eine Zunahme, nahm aber infolge Glykosezufuhr allmählich wieder ab und hatte nach eineinhalb bis drei Stunden wieder den alten Wert inne. In einem Falle jedoch kehrte er ausnahmsweise infolge Glykosezufuhr nach anfänglicher Zunahme nach drei Stunden wieder auf den atlen Wert zurück. 4.) Uutersuchte man, wie der Vitamin-C-Gehalt von Kaninchen, die man hatte hungern lassen, auf Glykose reagierte, so ergab sich dasselbe Verhältnis wie in Mitteilung 1 berichtet, indem auch durch fünftägiges Fastenlassen keinerlei Veränderung festgestellt werden konnte. Bei Zufuhr von Glykose stieg das Vitamin C sofort beträchtlich an, erreichte nach einer Stunde ein Maximum und war nach drei bis vier Stunden wieder auf den alten Wert zurückgekehrt. Der Blutzucker unterlag durch Fasten keinerlei Veränderung und stieg durch Glykose-zufuhr rasch an, erreichte nach zwei bis drei Stunden das Maximum und war nach sechs Stuuden noch im Stadium der Hyperglykämie. Der Jodsäurewert nahm durch Hungernlassen zu, wurde durch Glykosezufuhr herabgedrückt, kehrte aber nach 4-6 Stunden wieder auf den alten Wert zurück. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MorikaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Morika en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=森加博 kn-aut-sei=森加 kn-aut-mei=博 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學柿沼，北山内科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=50 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=199 end-page=205 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1938 dt-pub=19380131 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Über das Pyelogramm der Nierentuberkulose. (I. Mitteilung) kn-title=腎臟結核ニ於ケル「ピエログラム」ノ研究(第1報) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Der Verfasser hat den Flächenraum der Nierensubstanz an 10 Fällen von normalen Nieren und an 26 Fällen von Nierentuberkulose auf einem Pyelogramm mittelst eines Planimeters gemessen. Das Resultat war folgendes: 1) Der durchschnittliche Flächenraum der normalen Nierensubstanz beträgt 48, 48 cmcm2 auf der rechten Seite und 48, 58 cmcm2 auf der linken. Die Differenz zwischen deu beiden Flächenräumen ist 0, 10cmcm2. 2) Bei Nierentuberkulose: a) Im Frühstadium beträgt der Flächenraum der gesunden Seite 47, 61cmcm2 und der der erkrankten 46, 34cmcm2, d.h. der erstere ist um 1, 27cm2 grösser als der letztere und der erstere ist um 0, 92cmcm2 kleiner als der der normalen Niere. Der Verf. konstatierte, dass die Flächenräume der gesunden und der erkrankten Seite keine grössere Abweichung aufweisen. b) Im Stadium der vollen Entwicklung ist der Flächenraum der gesunden Seite 52, 92cmcm2 und der der erkrankten 45, 67cmcm2, der erstere ist also um 7, 24cmcm2 grosser als der letztere, auch ist der erstere um 4, 73cmcm2 grösser als der der normalen Nierensubstanz. Aus dieser Tatsache geht hervor, dass der Flachenraum der Niere in diesem Stadium eine deutliche Verkleinerung auf der erkrankten Seite und eine kompensatorische Hypertrophie auf der gesunden aufweisen. c) Im Endstadium ist der Flächeuraum der Niere sowohl auf der gesunden und als auch auf der erkrankten Seite sehr variabel, was auf die Hochgradigkeit und Mannigfaltigkeit der pathologischen Veränderungen der Niere zurückzuführen ist. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=EharaTosio en-aut-sei=Ehara en-aut-mei=Tosio kn-aut-name=江原敏夫 kn-aut-sei=江原 kn-aut-mei=敏夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學皮膚科泌尿器科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=51 cd-vols= no-issue=9 article-no= start-page=1842 end-page=1857 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1939 dt-pub=19390930 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Über die experimentelle Erzeugung der Hamazakischen säaurefesten Granula und einige Beiträge über die Karyopathologie. (I. Mitteilung) Aseptische Aufbewahrung der frischen Gewebe. 1.) Beziehung zwischen Cr-sänrefesten Granula und Feulgenscher Reaktion. kn-title=濱崎氏耐酸性顆粒ノ實驗的生成竝ニ細胞核病理學知見補遺 第1篇 新鮮組織ノ無菌的保存法 其ノ1 「クローム・耐酸性顆粒」トFeulgen氏反應 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Eine Art Autoferment, welches nach dem Tod des Organismus Kerneiweiß abbaut, ist schon von Salkowski, Schmaus und Albrecht u.a. experimentell nachgewiesen worden. Es spaltet Nucleoproteide und Purinkörpern in aseptisch aufbewahrten frischen Geweben. Hamazaki behauptct, daß die Cr-, Cu- und Hg-saurefesten Granula jedes für sich hauptsächlich aus Purindcrivaten von freler Nucleinsäure bis zu Purinbasen bestehen und daß das Feulgensche Nuclealreaktion ergebende Kerneiweiß nicht anderes als mit Proteinen verbundene Nucleinsäure ist. Verfasser wünschte die Beziehung zwischen den Nucleoproteidabbauprozessen durch die Fermente, welche in den frischen Geweben sind, und dem Schicksal der oben genannten 3 säurefesfesten Granula experimentell zu untersuchen. Als Material benutzte er Herz, Milz, Lymphdrüsen, Magen, Leber und Niere von gesunden Kaninchen. In der ersten Untersuchungsreihe bewahrte er die alle Organe bei 0°, 22°, und 37°C auf, fixierte sie nach 8, 16 und 24 Stunden durch das Fixationsmittlel für Cr-, Cu-und Hg-säurefeste Granula und untersuchte jedesmal die säurefesten Granula und Feulgensche Reaktion. In der zweiten experimentellen Untersuchungsreihe untersuchte er die oben angegebenen Organgewebe, welche bei 37°C aufbewahrt wurden, alle 4 bis 30 Stunden, um das zeitliche Verhältnis genauer als bei der ersten Untersuchungsreihe zu betrachten. Um die Beziehung zwischen säaurefesten Granula und Lipoid klarzustellen führte er zugleich das Ciacciosche Fixationsverfahren und Färbung aus. Die Resultate des Experiments seien hier zusammenfassend angegeben. Obgleich die Vermehrung der Cr-säaurefesten Granula mehr oder weniger zeitliche Schwankungen aufwies, so kann man doch sagen, daß sie im allgemeinen nach 8-16 Stunden (22-37°C) am deutlichsten ist, d.h. nach ungefähr 12-16 Stunden in Herz und Niere, aber nach ungefähr 8-12 Stunden in Milz, Lymphdrüsen, Magen und Leber. Die Cr-säurefesten Granula lassen sich nach der genannten Zeit im Protoplasma oder in der Umgebung des Kernes erkennen. Später vermindern sie sich allmählich in der Umgebung des Kernes und treten mehr in der Peripherie des Zelleibes auf, wo sie allmählich mit dem Lipoid, welches sich bei der Autolyse auch deutlich vermehrt, zusammenfließt, um schließlich zu säurefestem Lipoid zu werden. Letzteres färbt sich durch die Karbolfuchsinjodmethode rötlichviolett, durch das Ciacciosche Verfahren orangegelb, und zeigt gegen Differenzierung durch Barytwasser auffallenden Widerstand. Nach 20 Stunden verringert sich dieses säurefeste Lipoid allmahlich auch und ist nach ungefähr 30 Stunden kaum mehr nachzuweisen. Bei der Hämatoxylineinfarbung treten regressive Veränderungen der Zellkerne ebenfalls ungefähr nach 8-12 Stunden auf. Eine immer deutlicher werdende Abschwäachung der Feulgechen Reaktion trat kurz nach dem Versuch auf, abgesehen von einer vorübergehenden Reaktionssteigerung im ganz früheren Stadium. Zu bemerken ist dabei, daß die Reaktionsstärke mit der Vermehrung der Cr-säurefesten Granula immer herabgesetzt worden ist. Nach ungefähr 30 Stunden zeigen sich regressive Kernveränderungen sehr deutlich und die Feulgensche Reaktion fällt schon früuh negativ aus. während die Färbbarkeit durch Hämatoxylin nocch weiter abnimmt. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MihuneKanichi en-aut-sei=Mihune en-aut-mei=Kanichi kn-aut-name=三船歡一 kn-aut-sei=三船 kn-aut-mei=歡一 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學病理學教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=51 cd-vols= no-issue=9 article-no= start-page=1825 end-page=1841 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1939 dt-pub=19390930 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Serologische Studien mit Hühnersarkom. (2. Mitteilung) Über die Iso- und Autoantikörperbildung durch Hühnersarkomantigen kn-title=家鷄肉腫ノ血清學的研究（第2報）家鷄肉腫ニヨル同種竝ニ自家抗體産生ニ就テ en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Verfasser untersuchte bereits früher Antigenität und Organspezifität des hühersarkoms und beobachtete die relative Organspezifität an Hühnersarkomantigen. Von den gefundenen Tatsachen ausgehend beschäftigte er sich mit der Iso- und Autoantikörperbildung bei Roussarkomhühnern. Zum Nachweis des Antikorpers verwendete er hauptsächlich die Präzipitinreaktion (besonders die Antikörperverdünnungsmethode nach Ogata) und die Komplementbindungsreaktion. Es war schon bekannt, dass die Komplementbindungsreaktion mit Hühnerimmunserum bei inaktivem Immunserum immer negativ bleibt. Yanagi hat jedoch in unserem Institut veröffentlicht, dass bei der Ausführung der Komplementbindungsreaktion mit Huhnerimmunserum die Reaktion erst mit dem aktiven Serum positiv ausfällt. Verfasser verfolgte nach diesen Angaben die Komplementbindungsreaktion mit aktivem Immunserum von Hühnern. 1) Die Isoantikörperbildung: Zur Prüfung des Isoantikörpers von Hühnersarkom stellte er folgende Antigene für die Immunsierung her: 0.1g getrockneter Hühnersarkom (pro kilo des Versuchstieres) wurde mit 5cc physiologischer Kochsalzlösung versetzt und über 12 Stunden lang im Eisschrank extrahiert. Nach ziemlich starker Zentrifugierung benutzte er den Abguss als Antigen zur intravenösen Injektion. Aus 8 kräftigen Hühnern bekam er nur einen positiven Fall. Dabei wurde der Isoantikörper nach 15 maliger intravenöser Injektionen nachgewiesen. Der höchste Präzipitintiter des gebildeten Isoantikörpers stand 1:16 Der Isoantikörper trat 4 Tage nach der letzten Injektion auf und blieb im Blute 9 Tape positiv. Der gebildete Isoantikörper reagiert auch bei der Komplementbindungsreaktion positiv. 2) Die Autoantikörperbildung: Verfasser prüfte nach Hühnersarkomimpfung bei 8 Vögeln den Autoantikörper für Hühnersarkomantigen und konnte durch Präzipitin und Komplementbindungsreaktion 3 positive Reaktionen konstatieren. Der höchste Präzipitintiter des gebildeten Autoantikörpers stand 1:8. Der Autoantikörper trat 3-5 Tage nach der Behandlung auf und blieb im Blute 21-23 Tage positiv. 3) Autohühnersarkomimmunserum zeigte sowohl für Isosarkom als auch für Autosarkom eine positive Präzipitinreaktion. 4) Autohühnersarkomimmunserum reagierte weder auf Hühnerorgane noch auf andere Sarkomantigene (Kaninchen und Menschensarkom). 5) In Bezug auf Reaktionstemperatur sind die Verhältnisse bei diesen Iso- und Autoantikörpern von Hühnersarkom gleich denen bei gewoöhnlichem Antikörper: die Reaktion ist stärker bei Zimmertemperatur und im Brutofen als bei 0°C. 6) Diese Auto- und Isoantikörper wurden durch Erwärmen auf 70°C vollständig und auf 65°C während 30 Minuten noch etwas inaktiviert, bei Komplementbindungsreaktion bei 50°C während 30 Minuten aber nicht mehr. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakahashiIsao en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Isao kn-aut-name=高橋勲 kn-aut-sei=高橋 kn-aut-mei=勲 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學衛生學教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=51 cd-vols= no-issue=7 article-no= start-page=1583 end-page=1604 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1939 dt-pub=19390731 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Über 2 Fälle von aleukaemischer Lymphadenose kn-title=Aleukaemische Lymphadenoseノ2剖檢例 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Erster Fall: Ein 57-jähriger heruntergekommener Kaufmann wurde am 27.11. 1936. in unsere Klinik aufgenommen. Status praesens: Statur mittelgross, Koerperbau mässig, Ernährung sehr schlecht, Haut und Schleimhaut deutlich anämisch, Lippe und Zunge mehr trocken, rechtseicht aufgetrieben, Ascitesflüssigkeit nicht vorhanden, Leber in der Mamillalinie 3 querfingerbreit unterhalb des Rippenbogens derb fühlbar. Aufallendste Befunde waren Lymphdrüsenanschwellungen. Submaxillare, cervicale, axillare und inguinale Lymphdrüsen waren von Taubenei- bis uber Huhnereigrösse angeschwollen, elastisch derb, gut beweglich, nicht so druckempfindlich, sowohl mit der Haut, als auch miteinander nicht verwachsen. Wassermann negativ. Urin normal. Leukozyten 9.200, Hämoglobin 22%, Erythrozyten 3, 420, 000. Das Blutbild ergibt basophile Leukozyten 2%, Eosinophile L. 0%, Stabkernige L. 1%, Segmentkernige L 43%, Lymphozyten 48%, grösse mononukleäre Zellen und übergangsform 5%. Beobachtenswert ist die sehr geringe Vermehrung in der Gesamtzahl der Leukozyten. Eine Lymphdrüse wurde aus der Achselhohle exstirpiert und histologisch untersucht und nur eine Lymphozyteninfiltration konstatiert. Die Lymphknoten waren durch Rontgentherapie sehr verkleinert worden. Der Patient verliess am 12.12. das Krankenhaus, um am 11. 1. 1937. wieder zurückkehren. Seit der Entlassung hatte er wieder Lymphdrüsenanschwellung und hochgradige Schwäche. Exitus letalis am 2. 2. 1937. Bei der Sektion einwandfrei lymphatische, leukaemische Infiltration sowohl in den blutbildenden Organen, wie auch in fast allen anderen Geweben nachgewiesen. Die lymphatische Zellen hatten zweifellos auch das Knochenmark ergriffen, die erythroblastischen Zentren in Mitleidenschaft gezogen und hatten zu einer Blutarmut geführt. 2ter Fall: Ein 23-jähriger Bauer kam am 20. 9. 1937. in einen das Krankenhaus. Vor 5 Monaten bemerkt er am r-Seitenhals einen erbsengrossen Tumor, der sich allmählich vergrössert und vermehrt, aber beschwerdelos verlauft. Seit Monaten mit der Zeit cervicale (1-), submaxillare und inguinale Lymphdrusen. Diese waren von Taubenei-bis über Hühnereigrosse angeschwollen nebeneinander, elastisch derb, nicht so druckempfindlich, mit der Unterlage fixiert, aber mit der Haut nicht verwachsen. Keine Atmungs-und Schluckbeschwerde. Appetit normal. Fieber 37-37.5°C. Urin normal. WaR. negativ. Blutsenkungsgeschwindigkeit 5.5 (1st), 15 (2st). Leukozyten 4.4000, Hamoglobin 90%, Erythrozyten 518, 000. Das Blutbild ergibt Lymphozyten 42%, neutrophile L. 43%, stabkernige L. 5%, Monozyten und übergangsform 9.5%, keine jugendlichforme Leukozyten. Eine Lymphdrüse wurde aus dem Seitenhals exstirpiert und histologisch untersucht und nur eine Lymphozyteninfiltration konstatiert. Die Untersuchung erwiess aleukaemische Lymphadenose. Nach 7 Monaten exitus letalis. Im Vordergrund der heutigen Therapie steht die Strahlentherapie, vor allem Rontgenbehandlung. Wichtig und erfolgreich ist die Arsen-Behandlung. Sie wird angewandt, wenn die Arsentherapie erfolglos und der Allgemeinzustand und das ganze Krankheitsbild einer Behandlung bedürftig ist. Die Rontgenbestrahlung richtet sich hier vor allem gegen die peripheren Lymphdrüsenpakete, aber auch gegen die Milz, selbst wenn sie nicht wesentlich vergrössert ist, weil oftmals erst nach der Milzbestrahlung die Leukozytenzahl zur Norm absinkt, obwohl die Lymphdrüsen vorher schon zuruckgingen. Mit 30% H.E.D. auf jedes Feld, wobei man 1 Feld pro Tag vornimmt und die Leukozytenzahl täglich kontrolliert. Die Intensivbestrahlung, die einen plotlichen tiefen Absturz bringt, ist vollig unzweckmässig, wie auch jede nicht genau kontrollierte Strahlentherapie. Sie kann direkt schädlich seiu dadurch, dass die Leukozytenzahl schnell unter die Norm sinkt und diesem starkem Abfall rasch wieder eine Verschlimmerung und ein höher Anstieg mit Komplikation des roten Blutbildes usw. folgt (Reizwirkung). Die Rontgenbehandlung wird wiederholt, wenn das Krankheitsbild sich wieder verschlechert. Sie hat aber dann möglichst bald einzusetzen und nicht erst bei weitgehender Verschlimmerung. Der Kranke muss also in dauernder Beobachtung bleiben und alle 3-4 Wochen soll ein morphologischer Blutstatus aufgenommen werden. In der Zeit zwischen den eiuzelnen Röntgenbestrahlungen nimmt man zweckmässigerweise Arsentherapie vor. Rezidive treten immer auf. Die Leukaemie ist durch kein Mittel zu heilen. Sie wird vielmehr über kurz oder lang gegen jede Behandlung auch die Strahlenbehandlung refraktär und führt schliesslich unter dem Bild einer akuten Verschlechterung oder durch Komplikationen zum Tode. Die Röntgentherapie muss abgebrochen werden, wenn die Zahl der weissen Blutzellen sehr schnell und tief absinkt, wenn zahlreiche unreife Zellen auftreten, wenn das rote Blutbild aber das Allgemeinbefinden sich unter der Bestrahlung akut verschlechtert, und Gewichtssturz, Durchfälle und höheres Fieber eintreten. Ber vorsichtiger Dosierung und dauernder strenger Kontrolle jeder einzelnen Bestrahlung treten aber derartige Verschlimmerungen erst nach evtl.langjähriger Bestrahlung auf. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KuwabaraSei en-aut-sei=Kuwabara en-aut-mei=Sei kn-aut-name=桑原正 kn-aut-sei=桑原 kn-aut-mei=正 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學津田外科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=51 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=1064 end-page=1088 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1939 dt-pub=19390531 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Über die Adrenalinadsorption der Erythrocyten in vitro kn-title=赤血球ノ「アドレナリン」吸着ニ關スル生體外實驗 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Über das Schicksal des Adrenalins im Blut wurde bis jetzt im allgemeinen angenommen, dass das Adrenalin, sowohl intravenos injiziert als auch bei der Reizung durch Splanchnicus, Ischiadicus oder blutige Operation im Korper selbst sezerniert, innerhalb 15 Minuten ganz zerstört wird. Dagegen habe ich nach Modifikation der Folin'schen Methode das Adrenalin im Blut extrahiert und dabei statt einer Zerstörung des Adrenalins im Blut eine Adsorption desselben durch rote Blutkörperchen nachweisen können. So untersuchte ich, ob das Adrenalin in vitro durch rote Blutkörperchen adsorbiert wird, und kam zu einem sehr interessanten Ergebnis. Untersuchungsmethode: Das normale Kaninchenblut wurde abzentrifugiert und Serumteil und Blutkorperchen voneinander getrennt. Die reine auf 1:1000 verdünnte Adrenalinlosung (SANKYO) wurde mit diesem Kaninchenserum auf 1:1000 verdünnt. Die Blutkörperchen wurden vielmals mit physiologischer Kochsalzlösung oder anderer physiologischer Salzlösung gewaschen. Serum- und Blutkörperchenteile wurden in gleichem Mengenverhältnis zugesetzt und gut gemischt. Dieses Gemisch wurde im Wasserbad bei 38°C 10-15 Minuten lang digeriert um die roten Blutkörperchen das Adrenalin adsorbieren zulassen. Nach der Digerierung wurde wieder abzentrifugiert und der Adrenalingehalt beider Teile durch Kaninchenohr-, isolierte Kaninchendarmschlinge- oder Blutdruckmethode untersucht. Der Serumteil wurde mit Kontrollserum, das vorher mit Blutkörperchen nicht gemischt worden war, verglichen und das absorbierte Adrenalin umgerechnet. (über 10% Veranderung als adsorbiertes Adrenalin angenommen). Der Blutteil wurde in geeignetem Medium (Siehe meine vorliegenden Berichte) extrahiert und der Adrenalingehalt nach obiger Methode bestimmt. Resultat. 1. Durch Serumzusatz wurde das Adrenalin stark stabiler als im Rochsalzlösung oder anderer Salzlösung allein. Mit Serum konnte es bei 38°C 1.5 Stunden oder bei 5°C 10 Stunden lang wirksam aufbewahrt werden, doch in der Kochsalzlösung war es bei 38°C binnen 0.5 Stunden grösstenteils und bei 5°C binnen 5-7 Stunden bie zum vollständigen Unwirksamkeit zerstört. (Fig. 1.) 2. Die Verminderung des Adrenalingehaltes im Serumadrenalingemisch nach Blutkörperchenzusatz ging folgenderweise vor sich: bei rohen Blutkörperchen bleib der Adrenalingehalt unverändert, bei mit physiologischer Kochsalzlösung gewaschenen nahm er um 0-20% ab, bei mit Traubenzuckerlosung (5.5%) gewaschenen soger um 50%. Es ist auch merkwürdig, dass Traubenzuckerzusatz die Adsorptionsfähigkeit der mit physiologischer Kochsalzlösung gewaschenen roten Blutkörperchen für Adrenalin fördert und die Verminderung des Adrenaline 40-65% beträgt. (Fig. 2.) 3. Durch die folgenden Experimente wird bewiesen, dass das scheinbar verschwundene Adrenalin durch die Blutkörperchen adsorbiert wurde: a) Um die Adrenalinverminderung im Adrenalinserum durch Blutkörperchenadsorption nachzuweisen, habe ich den gesamten Adrenalingehalt einer Adrenalin-, Serum-, Traubenzucker-, Blutkörperchen-Mischung untersuchte. Diese 4 Komponenten waren gut gemischt und 10-30 Minuten lang bei 38°C digeriert worden. Das Adrenalin wurde wieder aus diesem Gemisch extrahiert und nach der Kaninchendarmmethode bestimmt. Dabei fand ich keine Verminderung des Gesamtadrenalingehaltes: also findet durch diese Behandlung keine Zerstorung des Adrenalins statt. (Fig. 3.) b) Wenn sich der Adrenalingehalt im Serum nach der Berührung mit den Blutkörperchen vermindert, so ist eine Adrenalinvermehrung in den Blutkörperchen zu erkennen und wenn diese Verminderung im Serum nicht auftritt, so bleibt auch der Adrenalingehalt in den Blutkörperchen unverändert. (Fig. 3 A, B und A', B'; Fig. 4 unten.) c) Dem Kaninchen wurde vor dem Versuch das Rückenmark ausgeschnitten, das Adrenalin (1:10000) injiziert, und Blutdrucksteigerung markiert. (Fig. 4 Kontrolle.) 1 ccm defibriniertes Blut, Traubenzucker und Adrenalin wurden eine halbe Stunde lang bei 38℃ aufbewahrt. Dabei wurde das Adrenalin durch die roten Blutkörperchen adsorbiert: daher zeigte sich der Blutdruck des Versuchtieres nach der Injektion mit diesem Gemisch nicht so hoch wie beim Kontroll. Dagegen stieg der Blutdruck des Tieres umgekehrt auf gleiche Höhe beim Kontroll nach Injektion mit dem Extrakt dieses Gemisches, weil das Adrenalin wieder aus den roten Blutkörperchen befreit wurde. (Fig. 4 oben und mitte.) 4. Die Adrenalinadsorption der Blutkörperchen geht unter 38℃ mit der Temperatursteigerung parallel. [Fig. 9, 4 (bei 38℃) und 4' (bei 5℃).] 5. Die Adrenalinadsorption der Blutkörperchen wird durch die H-Ionenkonzentration beeinflusst, Alkali befördert sie stark, die kleinste Menge Säure behindert sie dagegen, je grösser deren Konzentration, desto grösser die Behinderung. (Fig. 12.) 6. Die roten Blutkörperchen adsorbieren das Adrenalin in einer Mischung von physiologischer Kochsalzlösung und Serum sehr wenig, dagegen bei Anwesenheit von Traubenzucker sehr stark. Die geeignete Konzentration der Glukose zu diesem Zweck betrug 0.3-0.5% ; bei anderen Prozentsätzen, gleich ob höheren oder niedrigeren wird die Adsorption verhindert. Aus diesem Grunde adsorbieren die roten Blutkörperchen das Adrenalin in einer Mischung von physiologischer Kochsalzlösung oder Ringer'scher Lösung und Serum nicht, wenn diese beiden Komponenten in gleicher Menge gemischt sind, dagegen wird es in einer Mischung des Serums und der Tyrode'schen oder Lock'-schen Lösung umgekehrt stark adsorbiert. (Fig. 5-11.) 7. Bei der Zerstörung der physiologischen Funktion der Blutkörperchen durch physikalisch-chemische Verfahren wird die Adrenalinadsorption verhindert. (Fig. 13.) en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkamuraNagawo en-aut-sei=Okamura en-aut-mei=Nagawo kn-aut-name=岡村榮雄 kn-aut-sei=岡村 kn-aut-mei=榮雄 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學衛生學教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=51 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=177 end-page=195 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1939 dt-pub=19390228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studien über Enterokokken im Appendex kn-title=蟲樣突起中ニ於ケル腸球菌ノ研究（第1編） en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1. Verfasser züchtete 15 Stämme von Enterokokken, die bei Appendizitis aus dem Inhalt des Wurmfortsatzes und bei appendizitischem Abszess aus dem Eiter isoliert wurden. Bezüglich der Möglichkeit einer Züchtung der Enterokokken wurde festgestellt, dass dafür das akute Stadium der Entzündung weit günstiger ist als das subakute oder chronische Stadium. Die Enterokokken wachsen im akuten Stadium der Entzündung üppig, aber im Verlauf der Entzündung wird der Widerstand der Bakterien sowohl gegen die Phagozytose als auch gegen die biochemischen Eigenschaften des Gewebsekretes allmählich herabgesetzt, und die Bakterien wirder schliesslich im chronischen Stadium zum grossen Teil vernichtet. 2. Die Züchtungszahl der Enterokokken aus dem Appendex steht nach Verfasser's Ansicht in enger Beziehung mit den Kotmassen und Kotsteien im Appendex. Bei der Hälfte der Kotmasse oder Kotstein enthaltenden Fälle konnten Enterokokken kultiviert werden. Die Enterokokken finden einen guten Nährboden auf der Kotmasse oder den Kotsteinen, die infolge entzündlicher Exsudation im Appendex mit feuchter Schleimmembran bedeckt sind; daher wachsen sie auf der Kotmasse oder den Kotsteinen so gut, dass sie lange Zeit im Appendex lebensfähig sind. 3. Die Enterokokken im Appendex haben allen von Meyer und auderen nachgewiesenen Eigenschaften. a) Jeder Stamm weist auf Kaninchenblutagar zuerst einen grünlichen Ton auf, dann, nach einigen Tagen, mehr oder weniger die haemolitische Wirkung. Im Gegensatz zu der Meinung, dass die haemolitische Wirkung der Enterokokken auf Schafblutagar ganz gehemmt bleibe, stellte ich haemolitische Wirkungen auf Schafblutagar durch kultivierung bei niedriger Temperatur fest. b) Von 15 Enterokokkenstämmen zeigten 9 eine diffuse gleichmässige Trübung in Bouillonkultur, die anderen einen groben flockigen Bodensatz. c) Jeder Stamm spaltet Aesculin ab. d) Was die Resistenz gegen Galle betrifft, so waren alle Stämme sowohl in der verdünnten Rindergalle (10% od. 20%) als auch in der normalen Galle des Hundes lange Zeit lebensfähig. e) Bezüglich der Thermoresistenz überstanden alle Stämme halbstündiges Erwärmen auf 55°. f) Bei Prüfung auf Mannit- und Inulinvergärung spalten 80% Mannit und 0% Inulin ab. g) Keiner der Stämme hat Pathogenität für die Maus. h) Es besteht eine serologische Verwandschaft zwischen den Enterokokken im Appendex, denen in der Gallenblase und im Tierkörper. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SatoTsugufumi en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Tsugufumi kn-aut-name=佐藤次文 kn-aut-sei=佐藤 kn-aut-mei=次文 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學津田外科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=53 cd-vols= no-issue=7 article-no= start-page=1399 end-page=1421 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1941 dt-pub=19410731 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studien über die Morphogenese der Hirnanlage (I. Mitteilung) Über die Vogeln, besonders bei den Embryonen von Anas domestica kn-title=腦原基ノ形態學的發生ニ關スル研究（第1報）（鳥類特ニ家鴨Anas domesticaニ於ケル檢索） en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Mit der Morphogenese des Gehirnes der höheren Wirbeltiere haben sich schon viele, wie Malphigi, Haller, Beraneck, Rabl, Platt, Kupffer, G. Henrich, Kôchi, u.a. befasst, ihre Meinungen gehen aber in vielen Punkten auseinander, so das es gegenwartig noch kaum möglich ist, etwas Zuverlässiges darüber ausfindig zu machen. Darum habe ich über die Entwicklung des Gehirnes bei Embryonen von Anas domestica sorgfältige Untersuchung gestellt. Das Material wurde in Zenkerscher FluBigkeit fixiert und mit Boraxkarmin gefärft. Alles wurde in Paraffin ein-gebettet und in quere Serien von 10μ Dicke geschnitten. Die Plattenrekonstruktionsmodelle wurden nach der Born-Peter'schen methode angefertig. Die Resultate der vorliegenden Untersuchungen lassen sich folgendermassen zusammenfassen. 1) Der Neuroporus anterior verschlieBt sich bei einem Embryo von 4, 6mm grösster Länge mit 15 Ursegmenten, viergegen verschliesst sich der Neuroporus posterior bei einem Embryo von 6,0mm grosster Länge mit 21 Ursegmenten. 2) Bei einem Embryo von 3, 9mm grösster Länge mit 10 Ursegmenten fand ich die Entstehung des Prosencephalon und Mesencephalen. Bei einem Embryo von 4, 4mm grösster Länge mit 12 Ursegmenton fand ich die Entstehung des Rhombencephalon; hier kann man Entstehung der 3 primäre Hirnbläschen erkennen. 3) Bei einem Embryo von 7, 0mm grösster Länge mit 25-26 Ursegmenten trennt sich Prosencephalon in Telencephalon und Diencephalon, bei einem Embryo von 7,0 Nackensteisslänge mit 38-39 Ursegmenten das Rhombencephalon trennt sich in Metencephalon und Myelencephalon; hier kann man an 5 Sekundäre Hirn blaschen unterscheiden. 4) Bei einem Embryo von 7, 0mm Nacken-Steiss länge mit 38-39 Ursegmenten bildt das Telencephalon die GroBhirn-hemisphäre; bei einem Embryo von Scheitel-Steisslange 16, 0mm die Innenfläche den Grosshirnhemisphäre bildet das Corpus striatum, welches mit Lamina terminalis zusammen das Foramen Monroi bildet. 5) Bei einem Embryo von 7, 0 Nacken-steisslänge mit 38-39 Ursegmenten fand ich die Abtrennung des Diencephalon in Parencephalon und Synencephalon und Entstehung der Epiphyse an der Dorsalwand des Parencephalon; bei einem Embryo von 16,0mm Scheitel-Steisslänge bemerkt ich die Entstehung des Thalamus opticus an der Lateralwand und des Chiasma Opticum an der Vor-derwand des Diencephalon. 6) Bei einem Embryo von Scheitel-Steisslänge 8,0mm bildet das Mesencephalon sich in beiderseitigen Lobus opticus um, da Sulcus medianus mesencephali sich an dem Medianteil der Dorsalwand des Mesencephalon entwickelt. Bei einem Embryo von 16, 0mm Scheitel-Steisslänge verdickt sich die Ventralwand des Mesencephalon und bildet sich Penduculus cerebri. 7) Bei einem Embryo von 16, 0mm Scheitel-SteiBlänge fand ich, daB das Metencephalon sich an der Dorsal-und Lateral-wand verdickt und die Kleinhirnplatte bildet. und daB die Ventralwand die Ponsanlage bildet. 8) a) Die Telencephalon-Diencephalongrenze wird innen durch Eminentia telo-diencephalica gebildet, ihr entspricht die Vereinigungslinie des Recessus opticus und des Velum transversum. b) Die Diencephalon-Mesencephalongrenze ist innen durch Eminentia meso-diencephalica gebildet, die letztere lauft quer vom Tubercum posterius bis in die Linie der Dorsalwand. c) Die Mesencephalon-Rhombencephalon grenze wird anfangs durch Sulcus rhombo-mensencephalicus und sparter durch den Isthmus gebildet. 9) Die Kopfbeuge entwickelt sich am fruhesten im Mesencephalon eines Embryo von 4,6mm grösster Länge mit 15 Ursegmenten. Bei einem Embryo von 6,5mm Nacken-Steisslange mit 32-33 Ursegmenten ist die Nackenbeuge an der Caudalseite des Rhombencephalon zu bemerken. Die Brückenbeuge entwickelt sich spärteresten bei einem Embryo von 8,0mm Scheitel-Steisslänge von dem Myelencephalon. 10) Neuromerenzahl: Ich fand von diesen 5 Paare bei einem Embryo von 7,5mm grösster Länge mit 29-30 Ursegmenten, 6 Paare bei einem Embryo von 8,5 grösster Länge mit 36-37 Ursegmenten. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TasakaShigemi en-aut-sei=Tasaka en-aut-mei=Shigemi kn-aut-name=田坂重實 kn-aut-sei=田坂 kn-aut-mei=重實 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學解剖學教室胎生學研究室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=53 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=927 end-page=946 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1941 dt-pub=19410531 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Experimentelle Untersuchungen über Resorption und Ausscheidung von Wismutprapäraten (III. Teil) Resorption und Ausscheidung von Bi nach Injektion von Bistolan beim Kaninchen kn-title=蒼鉛劑ノ吸收竝ニ排泄ニ關スル實驗的研究（第3編）家兎ニ於ケルBistolanノ吸收竝ニ排泄ニ關スル研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In der Dermato-Urologischen Klinik der Medizinischen Fakultät in Okayäma gab der Verfasser Kaninchen Bistolan-Injektionen und bestimmte die ausgeschiedene Bi-Menge im Harn, sowie dic Aufnahme von Bi im Blutserum und in der Cerebrospinalflüssigkeit. Dieselben Untersuchungen wurden angestellt, nachdem die Versuchstiere nach den Bistolan-Injektionen von Pilocarpin und Adrenalin erhalten hatten Die Ergebnisse des 1. und 2. Teiles dieser Arbeit wurden zum Vergleich herangezogen. I) Die Harnmenge (N.B. die Untersuchungen fanden jeden 3. Tag statt). Aehnlich Wie beimThiobis. Fall nimmt die Harnmenge am 7. bzw. 10. Tage ab, nimmt am 10. bzw. 13. Tage zu, um danach wieder abzunehmen. Mit Einsatz einer starken Abnahme des Bi nahm nach der mit Adrenalin kombinierten Injektion die Harnabnahme einen parallelen Verlauf; anders dagegen verhielt es sich bei der kombinierten Injektion mit Pilocarpin. II) Die Bi-menge im Harn. Die Ausscheidungskurve verlief ahnlich wie beim Milaneuen-Fall. D.h. der Hunepunkt der Bi-Ausscheidung (2.3211-6.7287mg) lag am 7. oder 10. Tage. Danach nahm die Bi-Menge in elnigen Fällen allmählich, in anderen stark ab. Vom 10. bzw. 13. Tage ab bietet die abnehmende Kurve der Bi-Ausscheidung das Bild einer regelmässigen Treppe. Bei Erhöhung der Bistolan-Injektionsdosis auf das 2.4 fache stieg die ausgeschiedene Bi-Menge längere Zeit hindurch, jedoch nicht im geraden Verhältnis zur Injektionsdosis. III) Das Harneiweis. Bei Injektion von grösseren Mengen Bistolan war nicht nur die Harneiweis-Positivität, nämlich ±-+, sondern auch die Häufigkeit der Positivität höher als bei Injektion von Milaneuen, das die gleiche absolute Bi-Menge wie das injizierte Bistolan enthielt. Thiobis-Injektionen dagegen ergaben, obwohl sie, absolut genommen, eine kleinere Menge Bi enthielten, eine grössere Positivität und auch eine grössere Häufigkeit der Positivität als Bistolan-Injektionen. a) Positivität oder Negativität der Harneiweisses lässt die Menge des Bi in der Cerebrospinalflüssigkeit und im Harn unberührt; zwischen ersteren und letzteren scheinen keine Beziehungen zu bestehen. b) Die während der Untersuchung (5.-14. Tage) eingegangenen Tiere wiesen eine grössere Harneiweiss-Positivität auf als die ubrigen. Die Haupttodesursache scheint akute Nephrose gewesen zu sein. Bei mit Pilocarpin oder Adrenalin kombinierten Injektionen lag die Todesursache in manchen Fällen in der Überdosierung dieser beiden Mittel. IV) Bi im Blutserum. Bei Verabreichung der 3 fachen klinischen Dosis Bistolan war die Bi-menge im Serum fur gewohnlich gross, doch kamen auch Fälle mit nur geringen BiMengen vor. Bei Kombinierung mit Pilocarpin war die Bi-Menge im Serum am 10. Tage hoch; mit Adrenalin kombiniert, fand sich am 16. Tage eine grössere Menge Bi im Serum vor. V) Bi in der Cerebrospinalflüssigkeit. Der 1. Gruppe wurden einen über den anderen Tag jeweils drei Bistolan-Injektionen (pro kilo 2.38mg) verabreicht. Die Bi-Menge in der Cerebrospinalfüssigkeit betrug am 10. Tage 0-0.00014mg, am16. Tage 0.00019-0.00074mg, am 22. Tage 0mg, D.h. es fand sich kleinere Mengen Bi vor als bei Thiobis-bzw. Milaneuen-Injektionen mit, absolut genommen, gleichem Bi-Gebalt, machgeprüft an denselben Untersnchungstagen. Die 2. Gruppe erhielt wie die erste einen über den anderen Tag jeweils drei Bistolan-Injektionen, deren Dosis jedoch das 3 fache der klinischen Dosis betrug. Diese Gruppe wies grössere Mengen Bi in der Cerebrospinalflüssigkeit auf als die erste oben beschriebene Gruppe. Bei mit Pilocarpin kombinierten Bistolan-Behandlung fand sich in der Cerebrospinalflüssigkeit am 10. Tage 0.00043-0.00017mg Bi; also eine grossere Menge als bei der 2. Gruppe am gleichen Tage. Die Verhältnisse liegen also genau so wie bei dem mit Pilocarpin kombinierten Milaneuen-Fall. Der Grund für diesen frühzeitigen und in grösseren Mengen stattfindenden Übergang des Bi in die Cerebrospinalflüssigkeit dürfted eirn Kombinierung mit Pilocarpin zu suchen sein. Bei den mit kombiniertem Adrenalin behandelten Fällen ergab die Untersuchung nur in einem Falle einen positiven Befund; bei allen anderen Fällen war das Ergebnis Null. Anders als beim Milaneuen-Fall befördert hier die Kombinierung mit Adrenalin nicht den Übergang von Bi in die Cerebrospinalflüssigkeit. Zusammenfassend lässt sich sagen: Nach Injektion von Bistolan ist der Übergang von Bi in die Cerebrospinalflüssigkeit weit geringer als nach Injektion von Milaneuen oder Thiobis. Der Grund dafür liegt nach den Untersuchungsergebnissen darin, dass das im Bistolanpräparat enthaltene Bi in der Körperflüssigkeit als Kationen auftritt, während die Bi-mengen des milaneuenpräparates grösstenteils und die des Thiobispräparates restlos als Anionen in der Körperflüssigkeit sich finden. Vom Bistolanpräparat ist bezüglich der Bi-Menge in der Cerebrospinalflüssigkeit zu sagen: a) Der Übergang ist nach Versuchstieren individuell verschieden. b) Es iste ine Schwelle (Blutliquorschranke?) feststellbar. c) Durch die Punktion bei der FlÜssigkeitsentnahme wird der Druck in der CerebrospinalflÜssigkeit geringer und so wird der Bi-Ubergang gefördert. (Anders verhielt es sich beim Milaneuen; siehe 1. Experim. Teil). d) Das Bi des Bistolans wird zwar in der Körperflüssigkeit zu einem Teil zu Anionen umgewandelt, aber der dadurch begünstigte Übergang in die Cerebrospinalflüssigkeit liegt doch weit niedriger als bei Thiobis, dessen Bi in der Körperflüssigkeit ganz zu Anionen, und auch niedriger als bei Milaneuen, dessen Bi zum grössten Teil zu Anionen sich umwandelt. 6) Vergleichen wir die Ergebnisse unserer Versuche (Über den Übergang des Bi in die Cerebrospinalflüssigkeit) mit denen anderer Verfasser, die den Übergang des Bi in die, Hirnsubstanz beobachteten, so scheint das sich leicht zu Anionen umwandelnde Bi (z.B. von Thiobis u. Milaneuen) ebenso wie in die Cerebrospinalflüssigkeit so auch leichti n die Hirnsubstanz überzugehen, während andererseits die in die Cerebrospinalflüssigkeit schwer übergehenden Bi-Kationen auch schwieriger in die Hirnsubstanz überzugehen. 7) Dem Gesagten zufolge müsste das ideale Wismutpräparat folgende Eigenschaften aufweisen: 1. Es müsste das Bi in der Körpelflüssigkeit sich retlos zu Anionen umwandeln. 2. Das Bi müsste die Fähigkeit haben, lange Zeit und in grösseren Mengen im Körper, besonders in der Hirnsubstanz und in der Cerebrospinalflüssigkzeui tv,e rbleiben. 3. Das Präparat dürftek eine üblen Nebenwirkungen zeitigen. 4. Es müsste einfachi n der Anwendung sein. Von den Wismutpräparaten, die der Verfasser dieser Arbeit bei seinen Untersuchungen benützte, entsprechen Thiobis und Bistolan in keiner Weise den eben aufgestellten Forderungen; nur Milaneuen zeigt bis zu einem gewissen Grade diese erforderlichen Eigenschaften. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SekiTensisu en-aut-sei=Seki en-aut-mei=Tensisu kn-aut-name=石天之樞 kn-aut-sei=石 kn-aut-mei=天之樞 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學皮膚科泌尿器科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=53 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=691 end-page=715 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1941 dt-pub=19410430 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Experimentelle Untersuchungen über Resorption und Ausscheidung von Wismutpräparaten (II. Teil) Resorption und Ausscheidung von Bi nach Injektion von Thiobis beim Kaninchen kn-title=蒼鉛劑ノ吸收竝ニ排泄ニ關スル實驗的研究（第2編）家兎ニ於ケルThiobisノ吸收竝ニ排泄ニ關スル研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In der Dermato-Urologischen Klinik der Medizinischen Fakultät in Okayama gab der Verfasser Kaninchen verschieden dosierte Injektionen von Thiobis und bestimmte die ausgeschiedene Bi-Menge im Harn und die Aufnahme von Bi im Blutserum und in der Cerebrospinalflüssigkeit. Dieselben Untersuchungen wurden angestellt, nachdem die Versuchstiere nach den Thiobis-Injektionen Injektionen mit Dextrose und anderen Präparaten erhalten hatten. I) Drei Gruppen Kaninchen erhielten einen über den anderen Tag je eine und im ganzen 3 Injektionen, und zwar erhielt die 1. Gruppe pro Injektion die klinische Dosis Thiobis, d.h. pro Kilo Gewicht 0.032cc=1.2mg. Bei der 2. Gruppe betrug die Dosis das Doppelte und bei der 3. Gruppe das Dreifache der klinischen. Die Untersuchung ergab Folgendes: 1) Die Harnmenge. Bei allen drei Gruppen nahm die Harnmenge bis zum 10. Tage ab. Die Abnahme ging bei der 1. und 3. Gruppe im allgemeinen langsam, bei einzelnen Fällen jedoch beschleunigt vor sich. Bei der 2. Gruppe wiesen alle Versuchstiere eine plötzliche Abnahme auf. Vom 10. Tage ab wird die Harnausscheidungskurve bei aufsteigender Tendenz mit leichter Zu- und Abnahme unregelmässig. In der gleichen Zeit findet im Harn eine geringe Ausscheidung von Bi statt, mit dessen völligem Verschwinden die Kurve der Harnausscheidung ziemlich ansteigt. Bei der 3. Gruppe läuft in der Zeit der schwachen Bi-Ausscheidung die Ausscheidungskurve des Harns mit der der Bi nahezu parallel. 2) Die Bi-Menge im Harn. Das Kurvenbild der Bi-Ausscheidung im Harn ist bei allen drei Gruppen nahezu das gleiche. Die höchste Ausscheidungsmenge wurde am 4. bzw. 7. Tags festgestellt. Bei der 2. und 3. Gruppe war die ausgeschiedene Menge grösser als bei der 1. Gruppe, aber das Grössenverhältnis entsprach nicht der Injektionsdosis, die bei der 2. Gruppe das 2 fache und bei der 3. Gruppe das 3 fache der klinischen Dosis, die die 1. Gruppe erhielt, betragen hatte. D.h. bei Thiobis-Injektionen übt die Stärke der Dosis allein auf die Ausscheidung von Bi im Harn keinen sehr grossen Einfluss aus. Die Höchstmenge des ausgeschiedenen Bi lag bei der 2. Gruppe sowohl wie bei der 3. Gruppe zwischen 2.4-3.667mg. Am 7. Tage setzte eine starke, plötzliche Abnahme der Bi-Menge ein, die am 10. Tage, in einigen Fällen am 13. Tage, von einem tragen Ausscheidungsprozess mit geringen Menge abgelost wurde. Zwischen dem 19. und 22. Tage setzte die Bi-Ausscheidung bei der 1. und 2. Gruppe völlig aus; die 3. Gruppe schied auch nach dem 22. Tage noch geringe Bi-Mengen aus. Die Ausscheidungskurve ist bei Thiobis vollig verschieden von der bei Milaneuen, was selbstverstandlich ist, da die Zusammensetzung. beider Präparate eine völlig verschiedene ist. 3) Die Bi-Menge im Blutserum. Am 10. Tage betrug bei der 1. Gruppe die im Serum nachgewiesene Bi-Menge 0-0.0034mg; am 16. Tage war sie noch geringfügiger; am 22. Tage war kein Bi mehr nachweisbar. Bei der 2. Gruppe waren die Mengen am 10. und 16. Tage grösser als bei der 1. Gruppe; doch wurde auch hier am 22. Tage kein Bi mehr festgestellt. Bei der 3. Gruppe, die bekanntlich die 3 fache Injektionsdosis erhielt, war in einem Fall am 10. Tage und in einem anderen Fall am 16. Tage eine geringfügige Bi-Menge (0.0001bzw. 0.0002mg) feststellbar; alle anderen Falle hatten das Resultat Null. Der Grund dafur ist die schon fruher bereits mehrfach angeführte Tatsache, namlich die Variabilität und Inkonstanz der Bi-Menge in der Blutzirkulation. 4) Die Bi-Menge in der Cerebrospinalflüssigkeit: die am 10. und 16. Tage vorgefundene Bi-Menge bei der 2. Gruppe betrug 0.0002-0.0034mg bzw. 0.0009-0.0017mg. Diese Mengen sind relativ gross im Vergleich zu den bei der 1. Gruppe an den gleichen Tagen vorgefundenenM enge. Die 3.G ruppe dagegen, bei der die Injektionsdosis (Thiobis) 3 mal so stark als bei der 1. und 1 1/2 mal so stark als bei der 2. Gruppe war, wies am 10. Tage kein Bi mehr auf. In der Zeit nach dem 10. Tage fanden sich im gleichen Zeitraum bei der 3. Gruppe grössere Bi-Mengen vor als bei der 1. Gruppe, aber kleinere als bei der 2. Gruppe. Bei der 2. Gruppe war der Übergang von Bi in der Cerebrospinalflüssigkeit am höchsten. Bei dieser Gruppe war die Injektionsmenge von Thiobis das 2 fache der klinischen Dosis. Bei der 3. Gruppe, die die 3 fache klinische Dosis Thiobis erhielt war dagegen der Übergang von Bi in die Cerebrospinalflüssigkeit ebenso wie bei der 1. Gruppe, die die normale klinische Dosis erhielt relativ kleiner. Bemerkenswert ist, dass die Höchstmenge des in die Cerebrospinalflüssigkeit übergegangenen Bi sich nicht bei der 3 fachen klinischen Dosis der 3. Gruppe, sondern bei der bloss doppelten klinischen Dosis der 2. Gruppe findet. Jedoch ist bei der 1. und 2. Gruppe, also bei einfacher resp. doppelter klinischer Dosis, am 22. Tage überhaupt kein Bi mehr in der Cerebrospinalflüssigkeit festzustellen, während bei der 3. Gruppe mit 3 facher Dosis am gleichen Tage 0.0002-0.0005mg noch vorfand. Der Grund dafür ist folgender: bei der 1. und 2. Gruppe haben wir ein frühes und beschleunigtes Übergehen von Bi in die Cerebrospinalflüssigkeit, während, es sich bei der 3. Gruppe um ein verözgertes Übergehen handelt, das dementsprechend länger andauert. Bei Verabreichung der klinischen Dosis (pro Kilo 0.032cc=1.2mg) zeigte sich bei den mit Thiobis (Injektion) behandelten Fällen ein grösserer Ubergang von Bi in die Cerebrospinalflüssigkeit albse i dem schon früher (1. experim. Teil) beschriebenen Milaneuen-Fall, bei dem die Injektionsdosis grösser gewesen war (Sie hatte pro Kilo 0.049cc=2.38mg betragen). Dagegen zeigte sich bei Verabreichung der 3 fachen klinischen Dosis von Thiobis bzw. Milaneuen das umgekehrte Bild. Milaneuen wies in diesem Fall den stärkeren Übergang von Bi in die Cerebrospinalflüssigkeit auf. 5) Bei der Thiobis-Injenktion nimmt das Körpergewicht ebenso wie früher bei der Milaneuen-Injektion mit der Zeit allmählich ab. Die Harneiweissuntersuchung fiel bei Thiobis weit stärker positiv aus als bei Milaneuen; d.h. bei allen 3 Gruppe ergab die am 4. und 7. Tage vorgenommene Harnuntersuchung ±-++; danach wiesen die 1. und 2. Gruppe - auf; bei der 3. Gruppe dagegen war das Untersuchungsergebnis bis zum 19. Tage grösstenteils ±. 6) Todesfall: Bei der 1. Gruppe mit einfacher klinischer Injektionsdosis erlag von 4 Tieren eines am 5. Tag; bei der 2. bzw. 3. Gruppe mit doppelter bzw. dreifacher klinischer Injektionsdosis erlagen von 5 bzw. 6 Tieren je drei am 9. oder 10. Tage. Todes ursache war in allen Fällen Intoxikation. II) Der Vergleich der Versuchsgruppe, die kombinierte Injektionen d.h. nach 3 Injektionen Thiobis (klinische Dosis) 3 intravenöse Injektionen mit 40% Dextrose (pro Kilo 2.0cc) erhalten hatte, mit der 2. Gruppe, die nicht-kombinierte Injektionen d.h. bloss Thiobis-Injektionen erhielt, hatte folgendes Ergebnis: 1) In den Fällen der kombinierten Injektionen nahm die Harnmenge bis zum 7. bzw. 10. (in einzelnen Fällen bis zum 13.) Tage gegenüber den nicht-kombinierten Injektionsfällen (bei gleichen Untersuchungszeiten) beträchtlich ab. In derselben Zeit, d.h. bis zum 7. bzw. 10., in einzelnen Fällen bis zum 13. Tage, verlief die Kurve des im Harn ausgeschiedenen Bi mit der abnehmenden Harn-Kurve parallel; nach dieser Zeit stieg die Harn-Kurve stark an, während die Bi-Kurve weiterhin abnahm. 2) Gegenüber der nicht-kombinierten Gruppe erreichte die kombinierte Gruppe am 4. bzw. 7. Tage die höchste Bi-Ausscheidungsmenge; am 10. bzw. 13. Tage war die Ausscheidungsmenge bereits bedeutend geringer. Doch hielt die Ausscheidungszeit dieser kleinen Mengen ziemlich lange an; erst am 22. Tage sank die Kurve auf Null. 3) Die Untersuchung auf Bi im Serum ergab in allen Fällen Null, bis auf einen Fall, der am 16. Tage 0.0002mg aufwies. In der Cerebrospinalflüssigkeit fand sich nachweisbar in einem Fall am 10. Tage 0.0024mg, und in einem anderen Falle am 16. Tage 0.0004mg Bi; in allen übrigen Fällen war das Ergebnis 0mg. D.h. bei mit Dextrose kombinierter Injektion ist die im Serum und in der Cerebrospinalflüssigkeit sich zeigende Bi-Menge nicht grōsser als auch bei der nicht-kombinierten Injektionsgruppe. 4) Das Körpergewicht nimmt genau wie in Nr. I) mit der Zeit allmählich ab. Ebenso ist der Nachweis für Harn-Eiweis positiv. Bei den Versuchen mit kombinierter Injektion (Thiobis mit Dextrose) kamen keine Todesfälle vor. Das bedeutet, Dextrose beseitigt die Intoxikationsgefahr des giftigen Thiobis. III) Bei den folgenden drei Gruppen, nämlich : a) der 1 . Gruppe, die nach 3 Injektionen Thiobis mit doppelter klinischer Dosis 3 Injektionen Pilocarpin oder Adrenalin erhielt (kombinierte Injektion), b) der 2. Gruppe, der lediglich die anderthalbfache Dosis Thiobis (drei mal) verabreicht wurde und, c) der 3. Gruppe, die die 6 fache Dosis Thiobis (3 mal) erhielt, zeigten sich folgende Vergiftungserscheinungen: 1) Bei allen 3 Gruppen zeigte sich 1-2 Tage nach der letzten Injektion mangelnder Appetit oder auch völlige Appetitlosigkeit, Diarrhoe u.s.w. (gastroentestinale Störungen), die Abmagerung zur Folge hatten. 2) Ferner nimmt bei allen 3 Gruppen die Harnmenge im allgemeinen ab, zum Teil beträchtlich. Besonders bei der 3. Gruppe nahm die Harnmenge beträchtlich ab, um schliesslich sogar in Anurie zu enden. Die Harnfarbe ist braun bis schwarzbraun. Bei der 2. Gruppe war das Harneiweis ++-+++, bei der 1. Gruppe +-+++, bei der 3. Gruppe, bei der die stärksten Vergiftungserscheinungen auftraten, ist dagegen das Ergebnis der Harneiweisuntersuchung nur ±-++. 〔(Die unter 1) und 2) beschriebenen Vergiftungserscheinungen, nämlich Appetitmangel, Harnabnahme und Harneiweis werden als prodromal angesehen.)〕 3) Bei allen 3 Gruppen, besonders bei der 3. Gruppe, ist die Bi-Menge im Harn gering. Bei der mit Pilocarpin kombinierten Injektion ist die Bi-Menge im Harn kleiner als bei der mit Adrenalin kombinierten Injektion. 4) Dem Vergiftungsgrade entsprechend erlagen natürlich die Versuchstiere früher oder später. Die heftigsten Vergiftungserscheinungen zeigten sich bei der 3. Gruppe; die Tiere starben bereits am 3. oder 5. Tage nach Beginn der Injizierung, die jeden über-nachsten Tag erfolgte; d.h. der Tod trat nach der 2. bzw. 3. Injektion ein. Die Tiere der 2. Gruppe starben in der Zeit vom 5. bis zum 8. Tage, die der 1. Gruppe in der Zeit vom 7. bis zum 9. Tage. 5) Die Todesursache in allen Fällen ist m.E., durch Thiobisvergiftung hervorgerufene Nephrose. Der Sektionsbefund bei den eingegangen Tieren der 3. Gruppe zeigte starke Schwellung der Nieren verbunden mit starker Trübung des Nieren-Parenchyms. 6) Die die Vergiftung hervorrufende Bi-Menge ist nach Zusammensetzung des Wismut-Präparates verschieden. Bei Thiobis, das ein wasserlösliches Präparat ist, ist die Vergiftungserscheinung weit heftiger als bei den wasserunlöslichen Präparaten Milaneuen und Bistolan. Doch zeigten der Vergiftungsgrad auch bei der gleichen Injektion-Menge Thiobis individuelle Unterschiede bei den einzelnen Versuchstieren. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SekiTensisu en-aut-sei=Seki en-aut-mei=Tensisu kn-aut-name=石天之樞 kn-aut-sei=石 kn-aut-mei=天之樞 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學皮膚科泌尿器科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=53 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=293 end-page=309 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1941 dt-pub=19410228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Experimentelle Studien über die plasmagerinnenden, hämolytischen und fibrinolytischen Eigenschaften der Staphylokokken kn-title=葡萄状球菌ノ血漿凝固,溶血作用竝ニ纎維素溶解作用ニ關スル知見補遺（第3編） en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Es ist seit Much wohlbekannt, dass durch Einsaat von Staphylokokken das menschliche oder tierische Plasma gerinnt und nach Much dieser plasmagerinnende Stoff als Staphylokinase angenommen wird. Daneben wird nach vielen Forschern (Much, V. Gonzenbach und Uemura) diese Plasmagerinnung nach 1-4 Tagen durch Staphylokokken wieder aufgelöst. Es ist doch noch unbekannt, dass diese dreierlei Wirkungen (Plasmagerinnung, Hämolyse und Fibrinolyse) einheitlich sind. Der Verfasser stellte bei seinen Untersuchungen die Frage, ob die plasmagerinnenden, hamolytischen und fibrinolosenden Eigenschaften der Staphylokokken in inniger Beziehung zueinander stehen. Von 11 aus menschlichem Eiter gezuchteten Staphylokokken (Staphylococcus pyogenes aureus) wurden ausser ihrer Fahigkeit zur Koagulierung des Blutplasmas noch hamolytische und fibrinolösende Eigenschaften untersucht. Die 24-stundigen Schrägagarkulturen von virulenten Staphylokokken wurden in einer Aufschwemmungsdichte von 10mg pro 1cc NaCl-Lösung emulgiert und 0.1, 0.2 oder 0.3cc von diesen Aufschwemmungen dem Blutplasma zugesetzt; sie wurden in Thermostaten (37°C) aufbewahrt und zu verschiedenen Zeiten (Stunden, Tagen) die Plasmagerinnung beobachtet. Die Resultate der Untersuchungen mogen hier kurz zusammengefasst werden. 1. Die blutplasmagerinnende Wirkung vermindert sich mit höherer Wärme (41-62°) und durch 30 Minuten lange Erhitzung bei 60°C kann man trotz 108 Stundenbeobachtungen nicht mehr nachweisen. 2. Bei Prufung der blutplasmagerinnenden Wirkung der Staphylokokken wurde nachgewiesen, dass ihre Fahigkeit im Verlauf der kultivierenden Tage aich vermindert. Diese Abschwächung wurde bei Zimmertemperatur noch stärker als bei 0°C. 3. Bei Anwendung des Staphylokokkenimmunplasmas sieht man eine Verzogerung der Gerinnungszeit bei Steigerung der Immunität. 4. Die blutplasmagerinnende Fahigkeit der CaCl2-Lösung steht in Beziehung zur Konzentration und Menge dieser Losung und dem Verdunnungsgrad des Blutplasmas. 5. Die hämolytischen und fibrinolytischen Eigenschaften von Staphylokokken bleiben immer gleich und die Blutplasmagerinnungswirkung fehlt ab und zu obigen beiden Fähigkeiten. 6. Eine durch CaCl2-Lösung geronnene Substanz (Plasma+Blutkörperchen) des Kaninchens weist längere Zeit eine eigene Beschaffenheit auf, die keine hämolytische und fibrinolosende Wirkung zeigt. 7. Wenn man einem durch CaCl2-Losung erhaltenen Plasmagerinsel eine Staphylokokken-bouillonkultur (von pH7.2) bzw. ein Staphylokokken-bouillonkulturfiltrat (durch Berkefeld V) zusetzt, so sieht man, dass in beiden Fallen etwa gleichzeitig hamolytische und fibrinolosende Wirkungen entstehen. 8. Zusatz einer optimalen Menge (1-5 gtt) roter Blutkörperchen befordert die plasmagerinnende Wirkung der Staphylokokken-schragagarkulturen, wobei Hämolyse uhd Fibrinolyse in 24-48 stunden eintrat. 9. Ein Zusatz von CaCl2-Lösung befordert die plasmagerinnende Wirkung der Staphylokokken-bouillonkultur oder des Staphylokokken-bouillonkulturfiltrats, jedoch dessen Hamolyse und Fibrinolyse nicht. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShimizuKoji en-aut-sei=Shimizu en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name=清水光治 kn-aut-sei=清水 kn-aut-mei=光治 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學衛生學教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=54 cd-vols= no-issue=10 article-no= start-page=1686 end-page=1710 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1942 dt-pub=19421031 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Quantitativer Verlauf der Bindung zwischen Antigen und Antikörper. (I. Mitteilung.) Über Bindung zwischen Präzipitinogen und Präzipitine kn-title=抗原抗體ノ量的關係ヨリ觀タル吸收曲線ニ就テ（第1報）沈降原ト沈降素トノ關係 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Es gibt viele Angaben über Bindungsverhältnisse zwischen Antikörpern und Antigenen, doch gibt es wenige Arbeiten, die sie vom physikalisch-chemischen Standpunkt aus durch die Kolloidabsorptiontheorie verfolgen. Verfasser untersuchte genau mit Serumpräzipitine den Bindungsquotienten zwischen Antigenen und Antikörperns bei verschiedener Verdünnung beider Teile, während in vorigen Arbeiten nur mit Antikorperverdünnungen gegen bestimmte Antigenverdünnung geprüft worden war. Der Präzipitinversuch wurde nach der Verdünnungsmethode von Ogata in unserem Institut angewandt und die Bindungszone des Präzipitins wurde als Standardverdünnung des Antigens benutzt. Das Rinderserum wurde als Präzipitinogen benützt und je nach der Bindungszone gegen Antirinderserum folgenderweise verdünnt: B.Z.×200, 100, 50, 10, 4, 2, 1, 1/2, 1/4, 1/10, 1/50! Das Immunserum wurde mit physiologischer Kochsalzlösung verdoppelt bis zum 1 E.H. des Präzipitins verdunnt. Zu dieser Immunserumverdünnung wurde 1cc auf jedes Reagensglas verteilt und 0, 1cc Antigen wie nach obiger Verdünnung hinzugefügt. Jede Mischung wurde 2 Stunden lang im Brutofen digeriert und bis zum nächsten Tag im Eisschrank aufbewahrt. Dann wurden diese Antigenantikorpermischungen abzentrifugiert und von jedem Abguss wurde wieder der Präzipitintiter bestimmt. Der quantitative Bindungequotient wurde nach folgender Formel angegeben: a=x/y. x=gebundene Präzipitineinheiten; y=zugesetzte Präzipitineinheiten, a=Absorptionsquotient. Nach der Adsorptionsisothermie von Freundlich X/m=aC(1/n) wurden die gebundenen Prazipitineinheiten (X) in Abszissen und die nicht gebundenen in Ordinaten bei jedem Versuch markiert und graphisch dargestellt. (Fig. 3.) Dann wurde der Logarismus von beiden Werten (X und C) wieder graphisch nach dem Koordinatensystem (Fig. 5) markiert. Damit prufte Verfasser, ob diese Kurve der Freundlichschen Adsorptionsisothermie folgt. 1. Die quantitativen Verhältnisse der Bindung zwischen Rinderserum und Antirinderserum folgen bei gewissem Verdünnungsgrad beider Seren der Freundlichschen Adsorptionsisothermie. Die gebundene Präzipitinmenge vermehrt sich nämlich bei gewisser Antigenverdünnung aus den absoluten Mengenverhältnissen durch grösseren Präzipitinzusatz, doch vermindert sich nach der relativen Absorptionsmenge gerechnet der Absorptionskoeffizient. 2. Nach Antigenseiten beobachtet, gibt es zwei Bedingungen, damit die Freundlichsche Adsorptionsisotherme entsteht: a) Wenn man eine geeignete Präzipitinogenmenge auf Grund von der Bindungszone als Adsorbens zur Präzipitine anwendet, so erhält man die Adsorptionsisotherme zwischen den übriggebliebenen Praäzipitinen und den adsorbierten Präzipitinemengen. Aus dieser Berechnung erhält man wie aus Tabelle 3 und Fig. 1 ersichtlich eine Parabel. b) Wenn man eine grössere oder geringere Antigenmenge ausser der Bindungszone als Adsorbens verwendet, so stellt diese Kurve nicht mehr eine Parabel dar, sondern neigt sich zur geraden Linie. Beide Linien sohneiden sich sogar an der Grenze mit rechtwinkligen Achsen. 3. Wenn man statt Rinderserum Ziegenserum als Adsorbens zur Antirinderpräzipitine anwendet, so sieht man eine halbe Absorptionswirkung im Gegenteil zum Rinderserum. Doch ergeben sich dabei auch ähnlich Absorptionsmengenverhältnisse. (Fig. 6.) en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SuenagaKunitada en-aut-sei=Suenaga en-aut-mei=Kunitada kn-aut-name=末永邦忠 kn-aut-sei=末永 kn-aut-mei=邦忠 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學衛生學教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=54 cd-vols= no-issue=8 article-no= start-page=1449 end-page=1462 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1942 dt-pub=19420831 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Die Studien über Vitamin C in der Nebenniere (I. Teil) kn-title=副腎「ビタミンC」ノ研究（第1囘） en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Bei Kaninchen hat der Verf. den N. vagus, splanchnicus und sympathicus elektrisch gereizt und durch Anwendung von 2,6 Dichlorphenolindophenol die quantitativen Schwankungen von Vitamin-C (V.C) in den Nebennieren gemessen, um festzustellen, wie das V.C durch die genannten Nerven quantitativ reguliert wird. Die Ergebnisse waren wie folgt: 1) In den 5 Fallen von Kontrolltieren ergibt sich der Unterschied der V.C Konzentration zwischen der rechts- und linksseitigen Nebenniere als 0%-3,8%, im Mittel beträgt er also 1,9%. In der rechts- seitigen Nebenniere beträgt die Menge 213mg%, in der linksseitigen 217mg%. 2) Nachdem die Verbindungsfassern zwischen dem N. vagus und der linken Nebenniere dicht unter der A. coeliaca durchschnitten worden sind, wird der N. vagus an dem dorsalen Teil der Cardia gereizt. Die rechte Nebenniere erleidet an V.C -Gehalt bei Reizung der beiden Vaguszweige eine Abnahme bis zu 11,9%, bei Reizung des rechten Vaguszweigs bis zu 8,6%, bei Reizung des linken bis zu 1,5%. 3) Wenn die Verbindungsfassern zwischen dem N. vagus und diesmal der rechten Nebenniere abgeschnitten wird, so ergibt die Menge von V.C in der linken Nebenniere bei Reizung des rechten Vaguszweigs eine Abnanme bis zu 2,6%, bei Reizung des linken Zweigs bis zu 1,7%. 4) Beim Versuch, in dem die Verbindung zwischen dem N. vagus und der Nebenniere nicht durchtrennt wird, verringert sich bei Reizung des rechten Vaguszweigs die Menge von V.C in der rechten Nebenniere bis zu 7,0%, bei Reizung des linken Zweigs die Menge in der linken bis zu 0,4%. Daraus ist zu ersehen, dass die Nebenniere vom N. vagus innerviert ist und durch dessen Erregung Abnahme an Gehalt von V.C erleidet. Der N. vagus beherrscht die beiden Nebennieren hauptsachlich durch seinen rechten Zweig; der linke Zweig zieht nur selten bis zur linken Nebenniere hin, er ist aber nie in der rechten Nebenniere verteilt. 5) Durch Reizung des rechten N. splanchinicus (N. spl.) erfährt die Menge von V.C. der rechten Nebenniere eine Vermehrung bis zu 10,6%. Wenn die Reizung den linken N. spl. trifft, so vermehrt sich die Menge von V.C. der linken Nebenniere bis zu 12,6%. Daraus folgt, dass die V.C -Menge der Nebennieren unter der Beeinflussung des N. spl. steht und durch dessen Erregung im Gegensatz zur Erregung des N. vagus eine Vermehrung erfährt. 6) Durch Reizung des rechten Bauchsympathicus wird die Menge des V.C in der rechten Nebenniere bis zu 2,6% vermehrt. Durch Reizung des linken Bauchsympathicus verringert sich die Menge des V.C in der linken Nebenniere bis zu 1,0%. Daraus ist zu schliessen, dass die Wirkung des N. symp. auf die Menge des V.C der Nebennieren zwar Schwankungen unterworfen ist, die Tatsache aber, dass hier eine nervose Regulation im Spiel ist, lasst sich feststellen. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IsokawaJosuke en-aut-sei=Isokawa en-aut-mei=Josuke kn-aut-name=礒川恕介 kn-aut-sei=礒川 kn-aut-mei=恕介 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學北山内科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=55 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=359 end-page=362 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1943 dt-pub=19430331 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Über den Ernährungswert des Zeins für Menschen kn-title=Zeinノ食品トシテノ價値 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Erstens wurde der Verdauungsgrad des Zeins durch 0,9%ige Pepsinlösung, deren pH-Wert um 1,8 ist, oder 0, 9%ige Trypsinlösung, deren pH-Wert um 8,2 ist, untersucht. Zweitens wurde die Menge von Aminostickstoff in so hergestellten Verdauungsprodukten durch Van Slykeschen Apparat gemessen. Die Resultate sind folgendermassen. Durch Pepsinlösung wird das Zein wenig veidaut; durch Trypsinlösung wird es einigermassen verdaulich gemacht, nämlich 37,5% wahrend 24 Stunden bei 38°C. Wenn 5g von Zein mit 100cc von 1%ige Trypsinlösung gemischt und für 72 Stunden lang bei 38°C gehalten werden, kann man nur 35, 56mg von Aminostickstoff in den Verdaungsprodukte bekommen. Also wird es angenommen, dass der Ernährungswert des Zeins beim Menschen sehr arm sei. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsumotoAsao en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Asao kn-aut-name=松本朝夫 kn-aut-sei=松本 kn-aut-mei=朝夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學生理學教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=55 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=272 end-page=276 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1943 dt-pub=19430228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Experimentelle Studien üuber den Einfluss des passiv injizierten Antikörpers bei aktiv immunisierten Tieren. (4. Mitteilung) Über die Wechselwirkung zweierlei hämolytischer Sera in Vivo und Vitro kn-title=Charles及ビScottノ方法ニヨルHeparinノ製出ト其ノ効力ニ就テ en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Der Verfasser hat das iohe Heparin aus Hundeleber nach Charles-Scottscher Methode hergestellt und prüfte diese anticoagulante Wirkung. Die Resultate lassen sich folgendermassen zusammenfassen: 1) Aus 500g von Hundeleber wird das rohe Heparin 2, 3g hergeshellt. 2) Dieses Heparin 0, 75mg hemmt die Gerinnung des Menschen- oder Käninchenblute 1, 0cc völlig ünter 0°C uber 24 Stunden. Beim Zusatz von 0, 5mg dieses Heparins bemerkt man gelegentlich eine geringe Fibrinmasse nach 3-4 Stunden. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ZitunariHuziro en-aut-sei=Zitunari en-aut-mei=Huziro kn-aut-name=松本朝夫 kn-aut-sei=松本 kn-aut-mei=朝夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學生理學教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=66 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=867 end-page=878 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1954 dt-pub=19540531 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Method for Preservation of Reaction's Ring in Precipitin Ring Test kn-title=Gelatin加重層法に依る沈降反応輪保存の研究（抗原抗体稀釈法の研究 第3報） en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The auther carried out precipitin ring test by adding 2% gelatin to its medium. The results were as follows: 1) The ring test reacted in 2% gelatin solution at 37°C. was able to be stopped and kept as it is by cooling (0°C.) 2) The reaction ring was able to be preserved by upper method for a month at 0°C, except extremely dense part. 3) The velocity of reaction in this method shows slower than that of general method at 37°C, but reaction titer is equal to that of usual method. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=InoueKuniya en-aut-sei=Inoue en-aut-mei=Kuniya kn-aut-name=井上邦彌 kn-aut-sei=井上 kn-aut-mei=邦彌 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部衛生学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=66 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=861 end-page=866 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1954 dt-pub=19540531 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Effects caused by Time and Temperature at Primany, Incubation of Complement-fixation Test kn-title=補体結合反応に於ける補体結合の感作条件に関する研究（抗原抗体稀釈法の研究 第2報） en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1) The antibody titer of complement-fixation test increased in proportion to the length of incubated time. 2) The antibody titer of complement-fixation test incubated at 0°C. for 6 hours was nearly equal to that of precipitin ring test. 3) The antibody titer of complement-fixation test incubated at 37°C. is higher than that at 0°C. in cardiolipin antigen system, but in yeastmannan system at 0°C. it proves higher than that at 37°C. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=InoueKuniya en-aut-sei=Inoue en-aut-mei=Kuniya kn-aut-name=井上邦彌 kn-aut-sei=井上 kn-aut-mei=邦彌 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部衛生学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=69 cd-vols= no-issue=10 article-no= start-page=2605 end-page=2613 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1957 dt-pub=19571031 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Oxidation-Reduction Potential in Relation to Growth of Salmonella typhi I: Oxidation-Reduction Potential in Various Substrates kn-title=発育電位時間曲線によるチフス菌代謝の研究 第1編 各基質における電位時間曲線の研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In order to study some metabolic aspects of Salmonella typhi, the author measured the innert electrode potential of the culture media at 37.5 C with the lapse of time. M/50 phosphate buffer and salt solution were used as the fundamental culture media; glucose, pyruvate, lactate, succinate, malate, glutamate, aspartate and alanine as the substrates; Salmonella typhi 57 S as the test organism. The results were as follows: 1) The most remarkable fall of potential was observed in the media of 10(-3) M glucose, pyruvate and malate, and in 10(-2) M acetate and succinate 2) In the media of lactate or aspartate of the concentration from 10(-1) to 10(-4) M, the potential falled with the decrease of concentration of substrate, while, in that of glutamate, the reverse interrelation was observed. In the media of alanine, no definite interrelation was observed. 3) The lowest potential was below 0 V in the media of glutamate, aspartate and glucose; 0 +100 mV in those of pyruvate, lactate and succinate; +100 +200 mV in those of acetate; +200 +300 mV in that of alanine. 4) When glucose, acetate and glutamate were used as the substrates, the fall of potential was less in phosphate buffer than in salt solution, while, when pyruvate, lactate, succinate, malate, aspartate and alanine were used, the fall of potential was less in salt solution than in phosphate buffer. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AkitaKazuo en-aut-sei=Akita en-aut-mei=Kazuo kn-aut-name=秋田和男 kn-aut-sei=秋田 kn-aut-mei=和男 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部微生物学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=71 cd-vols= no-issue=10-2 article-no= start-page=6791 end-page=6795 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=19590930 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on B(1)-Effect of Thiamine Tetrahydrofurfuryldisulfide (TTFD) Part 3. The reduction TTFD to vitamin B(1) by means of the liver homogenate solution kn-title=Thiamine TetrahydrofurfuryldisulfideのビタミンB(1)効果に関する研究 (III) 肝臓磨砕液によるビタミンB(1)への還元 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The author studied whether or not TTFD can be readily reduced to vitamin B(1) as are TAD, TPD and TOED, and also investigated whether there is any correlation between the rate of such a reduction and the preventive effect of TTFD on B(1)-dificiency in the lovebirds reported in the previous paper. Selecting albino rats weighing about 50g and fed on a fixed amount of regular food and then sacrificing them, 1g of the liver is removed immediately and homogenized with calcium chloride solution. The liver homogenate solution is diluted 5-fold and 50-fold, and to these diluted solutions a fixed quantity of TOED, TPD, TTFD at the dilutions of 50-fold and 500-fold is added keeping temperature at 0°C, 10°C, 20°C or 37°C. Then the quantity of free B(1) is measured, immediately, 10, 20, and 30 minutes after the addition, and the rate of reduction is estimated. As the results the rate of the reduction is greatest in TPD, followed by that in TTFD and TOED in the order mentioned. It has been clarified from these that both TTFD and TOED are far more difficult to be reduced as compared with TPD. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MiyakeKenji en-aut-sei=Miyake en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=三宅健二 kn-aut-sei=三宅 kn-aut-mei=健二 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部小児科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=71 cd-vols= no-issue=10-1 article-no= start-page=6367 end-page=6375 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=19590920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on Easily-Split-Off Iron (G. Barkan) Part 1. The Properties of Easily-Split-Off Iron, E and E' kn-title=易分離鉄 (Barkan, G.) に関する研究 第1編 E, E'の本態について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The author conducted a series of experiments on Barkan's easily-splitoff iron E and E' and obtained the following results. 1. There are distinct differences between the inhibtory action of carbor mcnoxide and that of inactivated gas on choleglobin liberating iron. 2. In the estimation of E and E' in ten abult males, the average sum of E and E' has been found to be 1.52 mg%, with E' being 0.34 mg%, and E occupies 77.33 per cent of the total. This value is somewhat higher than that of Barkan. 3. In the study of various conditions of reagent, governing the reaction, when the reaction is made to take place at 0°C without any supply of oxygen, it is retarded most markedly, but it is not completely stopped. 4. In the reagent the decomposition progresses from hemoglobin to E and E' but an exact quantitative analysis has been difficult. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NakajimaYukimasa en-aut-sei=Nakajima en-aut-mei=Yukimasa kn-aut-name=中島行正 kn-aut-sei=中島 kn-aut-mei=行正 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=71 cd-vols= no-issue=9-2 article-no= start-page=6173 end-page=6186 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=19590910 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Histamine Release from Intracellular Particles of Dog's Liver kn-title=犬肝臓の細胞内顆粒からのin vitro Histamine遊離に関する研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In vitro histamine release from intracellular large granules of the dog liver was determined and compared with that from the chopped tissue. The histamine release from the large granules depended on the concentration, duration of action, temperature and pH of histamine liberators. Histamine was released by all the liberators tested even at 0°C less than at 37°C. The action of basic liberators such as sinomenine increased with increasing alkalinity of medium. Dibucaine hydrochloride, decylamine hydrochloride, HgCl(2), quinine hydrochloride and tutocaine hydrochloride at pH 7-8 and 6mM concentration released over 50 per cent of histamine from the large granules. Under the same conditions ethylmorphine hydrochloride, toluidine blue, procaine hydrochloride, saponin (0.1 per cent), tropacocaine hydrochloride, sodium cholate, Compound 48/80 (0.1 per cent), sinomenine hydrochloride, Tween 20 (0.2 per cent), cocaine hydrochloride and xylocaine hydrochloride revealed the histamine liberating action in the descending order named. Histamine release from the granules by these substances was larger in variable degrees as compared with that from the chopped tissue. Sodium salicylate inhibited the release from the granules and chopped liver by other substances, while diphenhydamine and guaiazulen did not reveal such an inhibitory action but rather accelerated the release though slightly. The histamine release from the chopped tissue by sinomenine and decylamine was inhibited by uranil nitrate, but it was not the same from the large granules. The lack of oxygen accelerated the histamine release by decylamine from both the granules and chopped tissues, but did not reveal any significant effect on the action of other liberators. In in vitro anaphylaxis histamine release occurred in the chopped tissue but not in the granules. As far as basic liberators are concerned, there seemed to be some correlation between the histamine release ability and the heparin combining power. However, the surface activity or the hemolytic power of liberators and the histamine release ability was not to be necessarily in parallel with each other in degree. Interpreting the intracellular large granules as the granules of mast cells and in the light of the above findings the author discussed the respective mode of action of the liberators on mast cells and on their granules. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=JinzenjiKei en-aut-sei=Jinzenji en-aut-mei=Kei kn-aut-name=秦泉寺圭 kn-aut-sei=秦泉寺 kn-aut-mei=圭 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部薬理学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=101 cd-vols= no-issue=7-8 article-no= start-page=811 end-page=820 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1989 dt-pub=19890831 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Membrane lipids of Yersinia enterocolitica and influence of culture temperature on membrane lipid composition kn-title=Yersinia enterocoliticaの膜脂質解析および培養温度変換による適応変化 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The author studied the membrane lipid and fatty acid compositions of Yersinia enterocolitica. Furthermore, the author studied the adaptation of the membrane to changes in culture temperatures, and characterized the physical state of membrane lipid by nylon microcapsule method developed by Okahata and Nagamachi. Phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and cardiolipin were the main phospholipids of the membrane. The ratio of these phospholipid compositions was not changed by culture temperature. Fatty acids were found to be C(14:0), C(15:0), C(16:0), C(16:1), C(17:0), C(18:0), C(18:1) and cyclopropane C(17:0). The last was identified by gaschromatography-massspectrometry and hydrogenation. In 37°C cultures, saturated fatty acids were increased and unsaturated fatty acids were decreased in comparison with those from 25°C cultures. Cyclopropane C(17:0) was also increased in 37°C cultures. These changes appear to be necessary for maintaining membrane stability at high temperatures. Using NaCI-release from 0.2M NaCI-entrapped nylon microcapsules coated with the membrane lipids as an indicator, it was found that phase transition of lipid membranes from 25°C cultures and 37°C cultures occurred approximately at 30°C and 45°C, respectively. The differences in the phase transition temperature seem to correlate with the adaptive changes in fatty acid composition by culture temperatures. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShibuyaSei-ichiro en-aut-sei=Shibuya en-aut-mei=Sei-ichiro kn-aut-name=澁谷誠一郎 kn-aut-sei=澁谷 kn-aut-mei=誠一郎 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部細菌学教室 en-keyword=Yersinia enterocolitica kn-keyword=Yersinia enterocolitica en-keyword=細胞膜 kn-keyword=細胞膜 en-keyword=リン脂質 kn-keyword=リン脂質 en-keyword=脂肪酸 kn-keyword=脂肪酸 en-keyword=2分子膜 kn-keyword=2分子膜 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=101 cd-vols= no-issue=5-6 article-no= start-page=603 end-page=612 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1989 dt-pub=198906 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Study of the reduction of mercuric ion by (L)-ascorbic acid, (DL)-α-tocopherol, superoxide anion and the supernatant of mouse liver homogenate - Experiment of the oxidation or reduction of mercury in vitro and in vivo - part 1 kn-title=(L)-アスコルビン酸，(DL)-α-トコフェロール，スーパーオキサイドアニオン及びマウス肝上清分画による水銀イオンの還元（水銀の酸化及び還元に関する試験管内及び動物実験 第1編） en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The reduction of (203)Hg(++) by (L)-ascorbic acid, (DL)-α-tocopherol, superoxide anion and the supernatant of mouse liver homogenate after the ultracentrifugation were performed. The results obtained were as follows. 1. The relationships between the reductive rate of mercuric ion and the concentration of the (L)-AsA or (DL)-α-tocopherol were shown as a sigmoidal curve; that of the superoxide anion was a linear. 2. The activity of reduction of Hg(++) was in decreasing order with (L)-AsA, (DL)-α-tocopherol, and superoxide anion, respectively. 3. The liver homogenate was used with 8.5% sucrose and 11% polyvinylpirrolidone (PVP) solution with preparation of the homogenate to prevent release of catalase from the peroxisomes. Another preparation used 44mM phosphate buffer (pH 6.8) solution and the liver catalase was released from peroxisomes. The reductive rate of mercuric ion with the former preparation was 6.4 times higher than with the latter. It indicates that the reoxidation of metallic mercury by the catalase reduced the reductive rate of mercuric ion. 4. A reductive experiment of mercuric ion by liver supernatant containing sucrose and PVP at 0°C and 37°C was performed. The reduction rate by this sample at 0°C is 1/5.48 of that at 37° C. This suggests that the reduction of mercuric ion in liver homogenate is due to an enzymatic reaction. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KurahashiKouzirou en-aut-sei=Kurahashi en-aut-mei=Kouzirou kn-aut-name=倉橋康二郎 kn-aut-sei=倉橋 kn-aut-mei=康二郎 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部公衆衛生学教室 en-keyword=reduction of mercuric ion kn-keyword=reduction of mercuric ion en-keyword=(L)-ascorbic acid kn-keyword=(L)-ascorbic acid en-keyword=(DL)-α-tocopherol kn-keyword=(DL)-α-tocopherol en-keyword=superoxide anion kn-keyword=superoxide anion en-keyword=liver homogenate kn-keyword=liver homogenate END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=102 cd-vols= no-issue=7-8 article-no= start-page=961 end-page=972 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1990 dt-pub=199008 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Metabolic interaction among fat and glucose during total parenteral nutrition kn-title=高カロリー輸液における脂肪の配合比の研究―脂肪の燃焼率からみたエネルギー代謝の検討― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=To investigate the efficacy of intravenous fat emulsion for total parenteral nutrition (TPN), oxidation of fat was evaluated using (14)C labeled nutrients in rats. Animals were divided into five group depending the content of fat emulsion of TPN e. i. 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80%, respectively. Oxidation rate of intravenous glucose was unaffected by content of fat emulsion. Cumulative (14)CO(2) production for 7 hours was about 62% in all groups. On the other hand, the oxidation rate of intravenous fat emulsion was suppressed by increased glucose content. There was a negative linear relationship between oxidation rate of intravenous fat and glucose intake (r=-0.92, p<0.01). The oxidation rate of intravenous fat was increased proportionaly to fat intake and not completely suppressed when fat-free TPN was provided. Percentage of energy to be infused as fat should be about 20%. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IshikawaOsamu en-aut-sei=Ishikawa en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name=石川治 kn-aut-sei=石川 kn-aut-mei=治 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第二外科学教室 en-keyword=高カロリー輸液 kn-keyword=高カロリー輸液 en-keyword=脂肪乳剤 kn-keyword=脂肪乳剤 en-keyword=(14)C-脂肪乳剤 kn-keyword=(14)C-脂肪乳剤 en-keyword=呼気ガス代謝 kn-keyword=呼気ガス代謝 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=102 cd-vols= no-issue=5-6 article-no= start-page=663 end-page=678 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1990 dt-pub=199006 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Experimental study of optimal fat/glucose ratio for total parenteral nutrition in rats kn-title=TPN下における糖,脂肪乳剤の至適配合比の検討 ―RI燃焼率，臓器内分布，生化学的検査,窒素出納よりの検討― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The optimal fat/glucose ratio for TPN was determined, using oxidation and distribution of (14)C labeled fat emulsion and glucose. Animals were divided into five groups according to percentage of energy supplied as fat i·e. 0%, 20%, 40%, 60% and 80%, respectively. (14)C-labeled fat emulsion and glucose were injected during TPN and the rate of oxidation to (14)CO(2) as well as (14)C distribution in various organs were measured. Oxidation of (14)C-glucose was constant in all groups and that of (14)C-labeled fat emulsion was inversely related to the amount of glucose administered simultaneously. (14)C-distribution in adipose tissue was correlated to the amount of glucose infused. As oxidation of glucose was significantly higher than that of fat, the higher the fat content of non-protein calorie, the less oxidation was observed. The groups given 60% and 80% energy composed of fat, showed less nitrogen retention and glycogen content in liver and muscle. These two groups exhibited high blood levels of free fatty acid, cholesterol and phospholipids. These findings suggest that the optimal blending ratio of fat would be around 20-40% of the non-protein calories. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IkedaAkihiko en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Akihiko kn-aut-name=池田昭彦 kn-aut-sei=池田 kn-aut-mei=昭彦 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第二外科学教室 en-keyword=(14)C標識化ブドウ糖 kn-keyword=(14)C標識化ブドウ糖 en-keyword=(14)C標識化脂肪乳剤 kn-keyword=(14)C標識化脂肪乳剤 en-keyword=脂肪代謝 kn-keyword=脂肪代謝 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=279 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=303 end-page=312 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2008 dt-pub=20080301 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Modulation of defense signal transduction by flagellin-induced WRKY41 transcription factor in Arabidopsis thaliana en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

Flagellin, a component of the flagellar filament of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci 6605 (Pta), induces hypersensitive reaction in its non-host Arabidopsis thaliana. We identified the WRKY41 gene, which belongs to a multigene family encoding WRKY plant-specific transcription factors, as one of the flagellin-inducible genes in A. thaliana. Expression of WRKY41 is induced by inoculation with the incompatible pathogen P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (Pto) possessing AvrRpt2 and the non-host pathogens Pta within 6-h after inoculation, but not by inoculation with the compatible Pto. Expression of WRKY41 was also induced by inoculation of A. thaliana with an hrp-type three secretion system (T3SS)-defective mutant of Pto, indicating that effectors produced by T3SS in the Pto wild-type suppress the activation of WRKY41. Arabidopsis overexpressing WRKY41 showed enhanced resistance to the Pto wild-type but increased susceptibility to Erwinia carotovora EC1. WRKY41-overexpressing Arabidopsis constitutively expresses the PR5 gene, but suppresses the methyl jasmonate-induced PDF1.2 gene expression. These results demonstrate that WRKY41 may be a key regulator in the cross talk of salicylic acid and jasmonic acid pathways.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HigashiKuniaki en-aut-sei=Higashi en-aut-mei=Kuniaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshigaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Ishiga en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=InagakiYoshishige en-aut-sei=Inagaki en-aut-mei=Yoshishige kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyodaKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Toyoda en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShiraishiTomonori en-aut-sei=Shiraishi en-aut-mei=Tomonori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=IchinoseYuki en-aut-sei=Ichinose en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University en-keyword=flagellin kn-keyword=flagellin en-keyword=flg22 kn-keyword=flg22 en-keyword=FLS2 kn-keyword=FLS2 en-keyword=MAMP signaling pathway kn-keyword=MAMP signaling pathway en-keyword=WRKY41 kn-keyword=WRKY41 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=65 cd-vols= no-issue=23 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2002 dt-pub=20026 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Structure and physical properties of Cs3+alpha C60 (alpha=0.0-1.0) under ambient and high pressures en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

The intermediate phases Cs3+alphaC60 (alpha=0.0-1.0), have been prepared, and their structure and physical properties are studied by x-ray powder diffraction, Raman, ESR, electric conductivity, and ac susceptibility measurements under ambient and high pressures. The x-ray powder diffraction pattern of Cs3+alphaC60 (alpha=0.0-1.0) can be indexed as a mixture of the body-centered-orthorhombic (bco) and cubic (A15) phases. The A15 phase diminishes above 30 kbar. The broad ESR peak due to the conduction electron (c-ESR) is observed only for the phases around alpha=0.0 in Cs3+alphaC60. The resistivity of the Cs3+alphaC60 (alphanot equal0) sample follows the granular metal theory and/or Sheng model even in the sample exhibiting a broad ESR peak. No superconducting transition is observed up to 10.6 kbar in Cs3+alphaC60 (alphanot equal0). These results present that bco phase of Cs3+alphaC60 (alpha=0) is a final candidate for a pressure-induced superconductor.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FujikiS. en-aut-sei=Fujiki en-aut-mei=S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KubozonoY. en-aut-sei=Kubozono en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KobayashiM. en-aut-sei=Kobayashi en-aut-mei=M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KambeT. en-aut-sei=Kambe en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=RikiishiY. en-aut-sei=Rikiishi en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KashinoS. en-aut-sei=Kashino en-aut-mei=S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshiiK. en-aut-sei=Ishii en-aut-mei=K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuematsuH. en-aut-sei=Suematsu en-aut-mei=H. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiwaraA. en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Vacuum UV Photoscience, Institute for Molecular Science affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Materials Science, Himeji Institute of Technology affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Physics, Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Okayama University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Okayama University affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo affil-num=9 en-affil= kn-affil=Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=97 cd-vols= no-issue=12 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2006 dt-pub=20069 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Generic phase diagram of fermion superfluids with population imbalance en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

It is shown by microscopic calculations for trapped imbalanced Fermi superfluids that the gap function always has sign changes, i.e., the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO)-like state, up to a critical imbalance P-c, beyond which normal state becomes stable, at temperature T=0. A temperature-versus-pressure phase diagram is constructed, where the BCS state without sign change is stable only at T not equal 0. We reproduce the observed bimodality in the density profile to identify its origin and evaluate P-c as functions of T and the coupling strength. These dependencies match with the recent experiments.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MachidaK en-aut-sei=Machida en-aut-mei=K kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MizushimaT en-aut-sei=Mizushima en-aut-mei=T kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IchiokaM en-aut-sei=Ichioka en-aut-mei=M kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=molecular-field kn-keyword=molecular-field en-keyword=superconductivity kn-keyword=superconductivity en-keyword=gas kn-keyword=gas END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=409 cd-vols= no-issue=4-6 article-no= start-page=187 end-page=191 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=20050630 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Fabrication and characterization of field-effect transistor device with C2v isomer of Pr@C82 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

A field-effect transistor (FET) device was fabricated with thin films of C2v isomer of Pr@C82. This device apparently showed n-channel normally-on type FET properties, where non-zero current was observed at gate-source voltage of 0 VGS, of 0V. Normally off FET properties were observed by subtraction of the non-zero current from the drain current.Thus the normally on properties are ascribed to the high bulk current caused by the small energy gap ≈0.3 eV. The field-effect mobility for this FET was 1.5 x 10-4 cm2 V-1 s-1 at 320 K, being comparable to those of other endohedral metallofullerene FET devices.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NaganoTakayuki en-aut-sei=Nagano en-aut-mei=Takayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuwaharaEiji en-aut-sei=Kuwahara en-aut-mei=Eiji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakayanagiToshio en-aut-sei=Takayanagi en-aut-mei=Toshio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KubozonoYoshihiro en-aut-sei=Kubozono en-aut-mei=Yoshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiwaraAkihiko en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Akihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency en-keyword=Field effect transistors kn-keyword=Field effect transistors END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=62 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=198 end-page=212 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2000 dt-pub=20008 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A class of abstract quasi-linear evolution equations of second order en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

In this paper we study the abstract quasi-linear evolution equation of second order

formula here

in a general banach space z. it is well-known that the abstract quasi-linear theory due to kato [10, 11] is widely applicable to quasi-linear partial differential equations of second order and that his theory is based on the theory of semigroups of class (C0). (for example, see the work of hughes et al. [9] and heard [8].) however, even in the special case where a (t,w, v) = a is independent of (t, w, v), it is found in [2] and [14] that there exist linear partial differential equations of second order for which cauchy problems are not solvable by the theory of semigroups of class (C0) but fit into the mould of well-posed problems where the solution and its derivative depend continuously on the initial data if the initial condition is measured in the graph norm of a suitable power of a. (see also work by krein and khazan [13] and fattorini [6, chapter 8].) this kind of cauchy problem has recently been studied extensively, using the theory of integrated semigroups or regularized semigroups. the theory of integrated semigroups was studied intensively by arendt [1] and that of regularized semigroups was initiated by da prato [3] and renewed by davies and pang [4]. for the theory of regularized semigroups we refer the reader to [5] and [16].

(u(t),v(t))' = Ãu(t)(u(t),v(t)) for t∈[0,T] and (u(0),v(0)) = (φ,ψ)

in a suitable Banach space X, where for each solution w of equation (1.1) the matrix operator Aw(t) in X is defined by Aw(t)(u,v)=(v,A(t,w(t),w'(t)) u). We are here interested in studying the case where each matrix operator Aw(t) is the (complete infinitesimal) generator of a regularized semigroup on X. In Section 3 we set up basic hypotheses on the operators appearing in equation (1.1), and prove a fundamental existence and uniqueness theorem (Theorem 3.6) for the Cauchy problem (1.1). The proof is based on the theory of regularized evolution operators developed by the author [15], and a method of successive approximations proposed by Kobayasi and Sanekata [12] is applied to construct a unique twice continuously differentiable function u satisfying equation (1.1).
Our formulation includes the abstract quasi-linear wave equation of Kirchhoff type
u"(t)+­m(|A1/2u(t)|2)Au(t)=0 (1.2)
in a real Hilbert space H, where A is a nonnegative selfadjoint operator in H. Section 4 presents a regularized semigroup theoretical approach to the local solvability of equation (1.2) in the `degenerate case' where the function m(r) has zeros (Theorems 4.1 and 4.2), by using the result obtained in Section 3. In Section 2 we summarize some results on the generation of a regularized evolution operator associated with the linearized equation of (1.1), under the `regularized stability ' condition, and show that the family of matrix operators used to solve the linearized equation (1.2) satisfies the regularized stability condition. This fact will be useful for our arguments in Section 4.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TanakaNaoki en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=52 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=179 end-page=198 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2010 dt-pub=201001 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=INFINITE MATRICES ASSOCIATED WITH POWER SERIES AND APPLICATION TO OPTIMIZATION AND MATRIX TRANSFORMATIONS en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

In this paper we first recall some properties of triangle Toeplitz matrices of the Banach algebra Sr associated with power series. Then for boolean Toeplitz matrices M we explicitly calculate the product MN that gives the number of ways with N arcs associated with M. We compute the matrix BN (i, j), where B (i, j) is an infinite matrix whose the nonzero entries are on the diagonals m − n = i or m − n = j. Next among other things we consider the infinite boolean matrix B+∞ that have infinitely many diagonals with nonzero entries and we explicitly calculate (B+∞)N. Finally we give necessary and sufficient conditions for an infinite matrix M to map c (BN (i, 0)) to c.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MalafosseBruno de en-aut-sei=Malafosse en-aut-mei=Bruno de kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YassineAdnan en-aut-sei=Yassine en-aut-mei=Adnan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=LMAH Université du Havre en-keyword=Matrix transformations kn-keyword=Matrix transformations en-keyword=Banach algebra kn-keyword=Banach algebra en-keyword=boolean infinite matrix kn-keyword=boolean infinite matrix en-keyword=optimization kn-keyword=optimization END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=43 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=123 end-page=136 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=200101 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Nonlinear Ergodic Theorems for Semigroups of Non-Lipschitzian Mappings in Banach Spaces II en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

Let C be a nonempty closed convex subset of a uniformly convex Banach space, and let S = {T(t); t ≥ 0} be a nonlinear semigroup of non-Lipschitzian mappings on C which is asymptotically nonexpansive in the intermediate sense. In this paper we study weak almost convergence of almost-orbits of S.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MiyaderaIsao en-aut-sei=Miyadera en-aut-mei=Isao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Waseda University en-keyword=nonlinear ergodic theorem kn-keyword=nonlinear ergodic theorem en-keyword=semigroup kn-keyword=semigroup en-keyword=fixed point kn-keyword=fixed point en-keyword=asymptotically nonexpansive in the intermediate sense kn-keyword=asymptotically nonexpansive in the intermediate sense en-keyword=almost-orbit kn-keyword=almost-orbit en-keyword= weak almost convergence. kn-keyword= weak almost convergence. END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=49 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=163 end-page=169 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2007 dt-pub=200701 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Privalov Space on the Upper Half Plane en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

In this paper, we shall consider Privalov space Np 0 (D) (p > 1) which consists of holomorphic functions f on the upper half plane D := {z ∈ C|Imz > 0} such that (log+ |f(z)|)p has a harmonic majorant on D. We shall give some properties of Np 0 (D).

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IidaYasuo en-aut-sei=Iida en-aut-mei=Yasuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Iwate Medical University en-keyword=Privalov space kn-keyword=Privalov space en-keyword=Nevanlinna-type spaces kn-keyword=Nevanlinna-type spaces en-keyword=Hardy-Orlicz class kn-keyword=Hardy-Orlicz class END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=68 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=274 end-page=280 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=20050830 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Determination of trace amounts of bromide by flow injection/stopped-flow detection technique using kinetic-spectrophotometric method en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

A simple, sensitive and selective method for the determination of bromide in seawater by using a flow injection/stopped-flow detection technique was examined. The detection system was developed for a new kinetic-spectrophotometric determination of bromide in the presence of chloride matrix without any extraction and/or separation. The detection was based on the kinetic effect of bromide on the oxidation of methylene blue (MB) with hydrogen peroxide in a strongly acidic solution. Large amounts of chloride could enhance the sensitivity of the method as an activator. The decolorisation of the blue color of MB was used for the spectrophotometric determination of bromide at 746 nm. A stopped-flow approach was used to improve the sensitivity of the measurement and provide good linearity of the calibration over the range of 0-3.2 p,g ml(-1) of bromide. The relative standard deviation was 0.74% for the determination of 2.4 jig ml(-1) bromide (n=5). The detection limit (3 sigma) was 0.1 mu g ml(-1) with a sampling frequency of 12 h(-1). The influence of potential interfering ions was studied. The proposed method was applied to the determination of bromide in seawater samples and provided satisfactory results.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UraisinK. en-aut-sei=Uraisin en-aut-mei=K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NacaprichaD. en-aut-sei=Nacapricha en-aut-mei=D. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=LapanantnoppakhunS. en-aut-sei=Lapanantnoppakhun en-aut-mei=S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=GrudpanK. en-aut-sei=Grudpan en-aut-mei=K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MotomizuShoji en-aut-sei=Motomizu en-aut-mei=Shoji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-keyword=Stopped-flow injection kn-keyword=Stopped-flow injection en-keyword=Kinetic spectrophotometry kn-keyword=Kinetic spectrophotometry en-keyword=Methylene blue kn-keyword=Methylene blue en-keyword=Bromide kn-keyword=Bromide en-keyword=Seawater kn-keyword=Seawater END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=263 end-page=268 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=200503 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Trace and ultratrace analysis of purified water samples and hydrogen peroxide solutions for phosphorus by flow-injection method en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

A highly sensitive fluorescence-quenching method for the determination of phosphorus based on the formation of an ion associate between molybdophosphate and Rhodamine B (RB) was developed. A simple flow-injection system coupled with a fluorescence detector was used to measure the fluorescence intensity at 560 nm and 580 nm as an excitation and an emission wavelength, respectively. The calibration graph for phosphorus showed a good linearity in the range of (0-1) x 10(-7) M (1 M = 1 mol L-1), and a detection limit of I x 10(-9) M (SIN = 3). The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of ultratrace amounts of phosphorus in ultrapurified and purified water samples, and to the determination of trace amounts of phosphorus in commercially-available hydrogen peroxide solutions with satisfactory results. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=LiZenhai en-aut-sei=Li en-aut-mei=Zenhai kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OshimaMitsuko en-aut-sei=Oshima en-aut-mei=Mitsuko kn-aut-name=大島光子 kn-aut-sei=大島 kn-aut-mei=光子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SabarudinAkhmad en-aut-sei=Sabarudin en-aut-mei=Akhmad kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MotomizuShoji en-aut-sei=Motomizu en-aut-mei=Shoji kn-aut-name=本水昌二 kn-aut-sei=本水 kn-aut-mei=昌二 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=60 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=1277 end-page=1285 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2003 dt-pub=20030829 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Novel flow injection-fluorometric method for the determination of trace silicate and its application to ultrapurified water analysis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

A highly sensitive fluorescence quenching method for the determination of silicate based on the formation of an ion associate between molybdosilicate and Rhodamine B (RB) in nitric acid medium was developed. A flow injection system coupled with a fluorescence detector was used for the measurement of fluorescence intensity at 560 and 580 nm as excitation and emission wavelengths, respectively. The calibration graph for Si showed a linear range of 0.1-5 ng cm(-3) with correlation coefficient of 0.9999, and the detection limit of 0.06 ng cm(-3). The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of silicate in ultrapurified water with satisfactory results.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SabarudinAkhmad en-aut-sei=Sabarudin en-aut-mei=Akhmad kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OshimaMitsuko en-aut-sei=Oshima en-aut-mei=Mitsuko kn-aut-name=大島光子 kn-aut-sei=大島 kn-aut-mei=光子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshiiNaoe en-aut-sei=Ishii en-aut-mei=Naoe kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MotomizuShoji en-aut-sei=Motomizu en-aut-mei=Shoji kn-aut-name=本水昌二 kn-aut-sei=本水 kn-aut-mei=昌二 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Laboratory Water Division, Nihon Millipore Ltd affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-keyword=ultrapurified water kn-keyword=ultrapurified water en-keyword=ion associate kn-keyword=ion associate en-keyword=molybdosilicate kn-keyword=molybdosilicate en-keyword=rhodamine B kn-keyword=rhodamine B en-keyword=flow injection kn-keyword=flow injection en-keyword=fluorescence quenching kn-keyword=fluorescence quenching END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=532 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=27 end-page=35 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=20050507 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Slope comparison method (SCM) for the determination of trace amounts of silicate in ultrapurified water en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A sensitive analytical method for the determination of trace amounts of silicate in ultrapurified water was developed. The method is based on the formation of an ion associate of molybdosilicate with malachite green (MG) and the collection of the ion associate on a tiny membrane filter (diameter: 5 mm, and effective filtering diameter: 1 mm). The ion associate formed on the membrane filter is dissolved together with the membrane filter in 1 ml of methyl cellosolve (MC) and the absorbance of MC solution is measured at 627 nm by a flow injection-spectrophotometric detection technique. In this method, silicate in the original sample (ultrapurified water) is concentrated as the ion associate into a small volume of MC to get high sensitivity. As sample concentration takes place, the small amounts of silicate contained in the reagents used also become concentrated as the ion associate into MC. The original sample volumes are varied and evaporated to an identical volume. Therefore, the reagent added is fixed to the same volume. The absorbance increase linearly with increase in the original sample volume will be due only to silicate in the original samples (ultrapurified water). The resulting slopes obtained by varying the sample volumes are compared with the slope of the calibration graph, and thus named the slope comparison method (SCM). The SCM facilitates a more sensitive and accurate evaluation of silicate concentration in the samples than either common calibration method (CCM) or standard addition method (SAM) because it compensates for the influence of trace amounts of silicate contained in chemicals, reagent solution and solvent used. The calibration graph was constructed from 0 to 0.25 ng ml(-1) of Si and the detection limit was 10 pg ml(-1) (ppt) when 30 ml of samples was used. The standard deviation and relative standard deviation from six measurements of the reagent blanks were 0.0012 and 3.5%, respectively. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SabarudinAkhmad en-aut-sei=Sabarudin en-aut-mei=Akhmad kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OshimaMitsuko en-aut-sei=Oshima en-aut-mei=Mitsuko kn-aut-name=大島光子 kn-aut-sei=大島 kn-aut-mei=光子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MotomizuShoji en-aut-sei=Motomizu en-aut-mei=Shoji kn-aut-name=本水昌二 kn-aut-sei=本水 kn-aut-mei=昌二 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-keyword=slope comparison method kn-keyword=slope comparison method en-keyword=ultrapurified water kn-keyword=ultrapurified water en-keyword=ion associate kn-keyword=ion associate en-keyword=molybdosilicate kn-keyword=molybdosilicate en-keyword=malachite green kn-keyword=malachite green en-keyword=membrane filter kn-keyword=membrane filter END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=66 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=136 end-page=144 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2004 dt-pub=20041208 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Synthesis of cross-linked chitosan possessing N-methyl-D-glucamine moiety (CCTS-NMDG) for adsorption/concentration of boron in water samples and its accurate measurement by ICP-MS and ICP-AES en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

A chitosan resin derivatized with N-methyl-(D)-glucamine (CCTS-NMDG) was synthesized by using a cross-linked chitosan (CCTS) as base material. The N-methyl-D-glucamine (NMDG) moiety was attached to the amino group of CCTS through the arm of chloromethyloxirane. The adsorption behavior of 59 elements on the synthesized resin was systematically examined by using the resin packed in a mini-column, passing water samples through it and measuring the adsorbed elements in eluates by ICP-MS. The CCTS-NMDG resin shows high ability in boron sorption with the capacity of 0.61 mmol ml(-1) (= 2.1 mmol g(-1)). The sorption kinetics of this resin was faster than that of the commercially available resins. Other advantages of the synthesized resin are: (1) quantitative collection of boron at neutral pH regions; (2) complete removal of large amounts of matrices; (3) no loss of efficiency over prolonged usage; (4) effective collection of boron in wide range concentration using a mini column containing 1 ml resin; (5) complete elution of boron with 1 mol 1(-1) nitric acid. The resin was applied to the collection/concentration of boron in water samples. Boron in tap water and river water was found to be in the range of 6-8 mu g 1(-1). The limit of detection (LOD) of boron after pretreatment with CCTS-NMDG resin and measurement by ICP-MS was 0.07 mu g 1(-1) and the limit of quantification (LOQ) was 0. 14 mu g 1(-1) when the volume of each sample and eluent was 10 ml.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SabarudinAkhmad en-aut-sei=Sabarudin en-aut-mei=Akhmad kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OshitaKoji en-aut-sei=Oshita en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OshimaMitsuko en-aut-sei=Oshima en-aut-mei=Mitsuko kn-aut-name=大島光子 kn-aut-sei=大島 kn-aut-mei=光子 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MotomizuShoji en-aut-sei=Motomizu en-aut-mei=Shoji kn-aut-name=本水昌二 kn-aut-sei=本水 kn-aut-mei=昌二 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-keyword=chitosan resin kn-keyword=chitosan resin en-keyword=N-methyl-D-glucamine kn-keyword=N-methyl-D-glucamine en-keyword=boron kn-keyword=boron en-keyword=adsorption kn-keyword=adsorption en-keyword=ICP-MS/AES kn-keyword=ICP-MS/AES END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=589 end-page=594 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2008 dt-pub=20080510 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Determination of trace heavy metals by sequential injection-anodic stripping voltammetry using bismuth film screen-printed carbon electrode en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

A sequential injection-square-wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SIA-SWASV) is proposed for the simultaneous determination of Pb(II), Cd(II) and Zn(II), employing an in situ plated bismuth film screen-printed carbon electrode (Bi-SPCE) as a working electrode and hydrochloric acid as a supporting electrolyte. Bi(III) and analyte metal ions were on-line deposited onto a SPCE at -1.4 V vs. Ag/AgCl for 180 s. At a stopped flow, a square-wave voltammogram was recorded from -1.3 to 0 V vs. Ag/AgCl. The experimental conditions were optimized. Under the optimum conditions, the linear ranges were 0 - 70 mu g L-1 for Pb(II) and Cd(II), and 75 - 200 mu g L-1 for Zn(II). The limits of detection (S/N = 3) were obtained at concentrations as low as 0.89 mu g L-1 for Pb(II) and 0.69 mu g L-1 for Cd(II) for a 180-s deposition time. The proposed method was applied to the determination of Pb(II), Cd(II) and Zn(II) in water samples with satisfactory results.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ChuanuwatanakulSuchada en-aut-sei=Chuanuwatanakul en-aut-mei=Suchada kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=DungchaiWijitar en-aut-sei=Dungchai en-aut-mei=Wijitar kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ChailapakulOrawon en-aut-sei=Chailapakul en-aut-mei=Orawon kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MotomizuShoji en-aut-sei=Motomizu en-aut-mei=Shoji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-keyword=DIAMOND THIN-FILM kn-keyword=DIAMOND THIN-FILM en-keyword=FLOW-INJECTION kn-keyword=FLOW-INJECTION en-keyword=PLATED CARBON; WATER SAMPLES; COPPER kn-keyword=PLATED CARBON; WATER SAMPLES; COPPER en-keyword=LEAD kn-keyword=LEAD en-keyword=ZINC kn-keyword=ZINC en-keyword=EXTRACTS kn-keyword=EXTRACTS en-keyword=CADMIUM kn-keyword=CADMIUM en-keyword= CD(II) kn-keyword= CD(II) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=153 end-page=161 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2007 dt-pub=2007 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=C. elegans model for studying tropomyosin and troponin regulations of muscle contraction and animal behavior en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KagawaHiroaki en-aut-sei=Kagawa en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakayaTomohide en-aut-sei=Takaya en-aut-mei=Tomohide kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=RuksanaRazia en-aut-sei=Ruksana en-aut-mei=Razia kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=Anokye-DansoFrederick en-aut-sei=Anokye-Danso en-aut-mei=Frederick kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=AminMd. Ziaul en-aut-sei=Amin en-aut-mei=Md. Ziaul kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TeramiHiromi en-aut-sei=Terami en-aut-mei=Hiromi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Okayama University en-keyword=C. elegans kn-keyword=C. elegans en-keyword=tropomyosin kn-keyword=tropomyosin en-keyword=troponin kn-keyword=troponin en-keyword=tissue expression kn-keyword=tissue expression en-keyword=transgenic worm kn-keyword=transgenic worm END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=119 end-page=129 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2003 dt-pub=20035 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Reversible changes in protein phosphorylation during germinal vesicle breakdown and pronuclear formation in bovine oocytes in vitro en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

This study examined the event of protein phosphorylation in bovine oocytes during germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) and formation of pronuclei following fertilisation in vitro. Immature oocytes were obtained from abattoir materials and cultured in vitro. The oocytes were labelled with [32P]orthophosphate at 3 h intervals from 0 to 12 h following maturation in culture or from 3 to 18 h following insemination. One-dimensional gel electrophoresis indicated that levels of protein phosphorylation are low prior to GVBD. However, the levels of protein phosphorylation at approximately 40 kDa, 27 kDa, 23 kDa and 18 kDa increased substantially following GVBD and then decreased gradually as maturation in culture progressed. In contrast, the levels of protein phosphorylation increased gradually in the oocytes following pronucleus formation. Further, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis indicated that the protein at approximately 18 kDa reversibly changed in the oocytes during maturation and fertilisation. These results indicate that the reversible changes of this phosphoprotein may be related to either cell cycle transition or pronucleus formation during maturation and fertilisation in bovine oocytes.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ChianRi C. en-aut-sei=Chian en-aut-mei=Ri C. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ChungJin T. en-aut-sei=Chung en-aut-mei=Jin T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NiwaKoji en-aut-sei=Niwa en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SirardMarc A. en-aut-sei=Sirard en-aut-mei=Marc A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=DowneyBruce R. en-aut-sei=Downey en-aut-mei=Bruce R. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanSeang L. en-aut-sei=Tan en-aut-mei=Seang L. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=McGill University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=McGill University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=University of Laval affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=McGill University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=McGill University en-keyword=GVBD kn-keyword=GVBD en-keyword=Maturation kn-keyword=Maturation en-keyword=Oocyte kn-keyword=Oocyte en-keyword=Pronucleus kn-keyword=Pronucleus en-keyword=Protein phosphorylation kn-keyword=Protein phosphorylation END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=343 end-page=353 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1970 dt-pub=197006 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Forecasting median and mode dates of prevalence of Japanese encephalitis patients by electronic computer (epidemiological studies on Japanese encephalitis, 31) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

For the purpose of forecasting the prevalence ofJapanese encephalitis in Japan, we tried to find out the correlation of factors between median and mode dates of epidemic time curve of prevalence on one hand, and average atmospheric temperatures of prefectures in June and July (T6,7 in short) (X¹), the time when HI reaction of swine became positive to the degree of 50 per cent (D. pos. swine in short) (X²), the latitude (x³) and longitude (x4) in respective prefectures (in 1965 and 1967). On the other we also estimated the median and mode dates of this epidemic curve of the prevalence in 1968 and 1969, from the regression equation of one variable and multiple regression equation from the above factors using an electronic computer. The usefulness of adding factors concerned with mosquitoes to the above four factors is proven by the accuracy of estimation. And the following results were obtained. 1) Phenomenally speaking, the prevalence of Japanese encephalitis follows the principle of "advancing of prevalence towards the north and east" and essentially speaking, it depends upon high atmospheric temperature and the outbreak of many hazardous mosquitoes by the high atmospheric temperature. 2) To estimate median date (y) and mode rate (z) of the epidemic time curve of the prevalence, we can use the next equations; The regression equations to estimate y and z from T 6,7(X) are as follows. y = - 3. 75X¹ + 144.47 σ = 12.4.·. [1] z = - 3. 80X¹ + 157 .26 σ = 14.9.. · [1]' The regression equation from D. pos. swine (X²) are as follows. y = 0. 68X² + 31. 82 σ = 9.2· .. [2] z=0. 76X² +40. 71 σ= 12.0 .. · [2]' The multiple regression equation from T6 ,7 and D. pos. swme are as follows. y = -1. 07X¹ +0 .62x² +59. 37 σ= 9.7 ... [3] z= -0. 79x¹ +0. 71x² +61.02 σ= 12.0· .. [3]' The multiple regression equations from T 6•7, D. pos. swine, latitude and longitude are as follows Y= -1.01x¹ +0.58x² -0.26x³+0 .37x4 + 18.50 σ= 9.8･･･ [4] z = -0. 32x¹ +0. 52x² +2 .05x³ +0 .54x4 -87. 81 σ= 11.8 [4]' 3) We Obtained the estimated value of median date in 17 prefectures in Kyushu, Chugoku, Shikoku, Kinki and Kanto provinces in 1968 and in 13 prefectures in 1969 from [l] or [2] or [3] or [4] equation. Nine prefectures out of 17 by [l], 12 prefectures by [2], 13 by [3J and [4] in 1968. [4] could be estimated with about 10 days error or less. And in 1969, 9 out of 13 by [3] and 7 out of 13 by [4] could be accurately esti· mated. The estimation by the multiple regression equation using many factors is most useful for the calculation. 4) The time when the number of patients increases at maximum can be pointed out by the lower limit of prediction region obtained from data in each prefecture. And the lower limit was the estimated median value minus about 20 days by [1] and about 16 days by [2] or [3] or [4] under the next condition; α = 0. 1, N= 75. 5) The mode dates in 17 prefectures out of 19 were estimated by [1]', [2]', [3]' and [4]'. 12 prefectures out of 17 by [1]', 7 by [2]', 10 by [3]' and 13 by [4]' could be estimated with about 12 days error or less in 1968 and 9 out of 13 was correctly estimated by [3]' and [4]' in 1969. The estimation by the regression line of one factor was s~mewhat different from each other, but when multiple regression line of four factors was used the estimation became more correct. Judging from these results, it is adequate to use the multiple regression equation of [4] and [4]' when we want to forecast the median date or mode date ofJapanese encephalitis time cure. 6) In the case of adding two factors concerned with mosquitoes to T6,7 (X¹), D. pos. swine (x²), latitude (x³), longitude (x4), multiple regression equations become as follows. y= -1.46x¹+0.14X²+0.068x5+89.03 σ= 6.9.. ·[5] z= -3. 29x¹+0 .13x²-0. 010x5+ 143.63 σ= 18.6··· [5]' y=-4.20x¹+0.35x²+0.29x6 + 53.70 σ= 4.2 .. ·[6] z=-2.56x¹-0.0lx²-0.02x6 +128.96 σ=11.4 [6]' y= 4.76x¹+0.41x²+0.13x5+0.22x6-72.78 σ= 4.5 [7] z = - 2. l0x¹ + 0. 05x²+ 0. 11 x5 - 0. 08x6+ 113.4 σ= 10. 7.. · [7]' where x5 is the time when the number of mosquitoes (C. T. collected by light trap reached the maximum and X6 is the time when hazardous mosq uitoes were dected. In the case of median date, 5 prefectures out of 6 prefectures by [5], 2 out of 6 by [6] and 2 out of 5 by [7], and in the case of mode date, 5 out of 6 by [5]', 4 out of 5 by [6]' and 4 out of 5 by [7]' could be accurately estimated in 1969.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OgataMasana en-aut-sei=Ogata en-aut-mei=Masana kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=46 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=147 end-page=155 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1992 dt-pub=199206 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Cepharanthin Reduces Thermotolerance by Enhancing Thermosensitivity in NIH3T3 Cells en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

The effects of cepharanthin (Ce), glycyrrhizin (G), verapamil (V), and G plus V on induced thermotolerance in NIH3T3 cells were studied. Cells were heated with or without the drug at 45 degrees C for 20 min (the first heating), incubated at 37 degrees C for 12h (the incubation period), and heated again at 45 degrees C for 0-210 min (the second heating). G and V were added throughout the experiment, while Ce was added throughout the experiment or during only the first or second heating, or the incubation period. The cells were harvested after the second heating to evaluate cell survival. In control experiments without any drug, thermotolerance developed and reached the highest peak in the cells incubated for 12h at 37 degrees C. However, thermotolerance in the control cells was suppressed by incubating them at 0 degree C, but developed by subsequent incubation at 37 degrees C. This suggests that the acquisition of thermotolerance by the cells required metabolic processes during the incubation at 37 degrees C. When each drug was present throughout the experiment, only Ce or the combined use of G and V was effective in reducing thermotolerance. Thermotolerance was also suppressed in the presence of Ce during the second heating. These results indicate that Ce reduces thermotolerance by enhancing thermosensitivity rather than by inhibiting the development of thermotolerance.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KurodaMasahiro en-aut-sei=Kuroda en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawasakiShoji en-aut-sei=Kawasaki en-aut-mei=Shoji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirakiYoshio en-aut-sei=Hiraki en-aut-mei=Yoshio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=thermotolerance kn-keyword=thermotolerance en-keyword=hyperthermia kn-keyword=hyperthermia en-keyword=cepharanthin kn-keyword=cepharanthin en-keyword=glycyrrhizin kn-keyword=glycyrrhizin en-keyword=verapamil kn-keyword=verapamil END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=46 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=67 end-page=73 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1992 dt-pub=199204 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Impaired in vitro accumulation of mercury in erythrocytes of acatalasemic mice. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

In order to elucidate the role of erythrocyte catalase in the accumulation of mercury in erythrocytes, labeled erythrocytes and plasma were prepared by exposing normal and acatalasemic mice to radioactive mercury vapor (203Hg0: 6.8mg/m3) for 30 min. Labeled erythrocytes (or plasma) were mixed with unlabeled plasma (or erythrocytes) of normal or acatalasemic mice and incubated at 0 degrees C for 1 h. After incubation, the radioactivity of mercury in the erythrocytes and the plasma was measured by a gammascintillation counter. When labeled erythrocytes were incubated with unlabeled plasma, the ratio of mercury transferred from acatalasemic erythrocytes to normal plasma (11.6%) or to acatalasemic plasma (13.3%) were significantly higher than that from normal erythrocytes to normal plasma (1.8%) or to acatalasemic plasma (2.2%). When labeled normal (or acatalasemic) plasma was incubated with unlabeled normal or acatalasemic erythrocytes, the uptake of mercury by acatalasemic erythrocytes from normal plasma was 2.0%, and 1.2% from acatalasemic plasma, which tended to be lower than that by normal erythrocytes from normal plasma (3.4%) or from acatalasemic plasma (2.2%). The results indicated impaired accumulation of mercury in acatalasemic erythrocytes, suggesting the importance of catalase in taking up mercury in erythrocytes and protecting other organs from toxic effects of metallic mercury.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamamotoHideki en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshiiKunihiko en-aut-sei=Ishii en-aut-mei=Kunihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MeguroTadamichi en-aut-sei=Meguro en-aut-mei=Tadamichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaketaKazuhisa en-aut-sei=Taketa en-aut-mei=Kazuhisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OgataMasana en-aut-sei=Ogata en-aut-mei=Masana kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univerisity affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Kawasaki University en-keyword=mercury kn-keyword=mercury en-keyword=catalase kn-keyword=catalase en-keyword=acatalasemia kn-keyword=acatalasemia en-keyword=erythrocytes kn-keyword=erythrocytes en-keyword=biological monitoring kn-keyword=biological monitoring END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=18 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=239 end-page=240 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1964 dt-pub=196408 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effect of cystathionase on isovalthine en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

In the course of studies on the cleavage reaction of S-(isopropylcarboxymethyl) glutathione (GSIV) into isovalthine in kidney homogenate or glutathionase preparation, it has sometimes been observed that the amount of isovalthine formed is far less than that of GSIV decomposed¹. Furthermore, when such reaction mixture is analyzed on an automatic amino acid analyzer, prominent peak corresponding to the reasonable amount of S-(isopropy1carboxymethyl)cysteinylglycine which is an expected intermediate of the GSIV cleavage reaction cannot be found up to 400 effluent ml. Though several reasons may be considered for the explanation of the above curious phenomenon, the effect of cystathionase on isovalthine is at first examined here. But the result was negative. L- and L-Alloisovalthineused as substrate were prepared by the method of OHMORI². Homoserine and purified cystathionase in ammonium sulfate solution prepared according to the method of GREENBERGB³ were kindly furnished by Prof. M. Suda of Osaka University. Incubation mixture contains 0.1 ml of enzyme solution, 1.0 ml of 0.2 M borate buffer (pH 8.0) containing 2×10-³M cysteine, 0.lml of 0.1 M substrate, and 0.8ml of deionized water containing 5×10-4M EDTA. The mixture was shaken at 37°C for 30 minutes in the air. The reaction was terminated by adding 2ml of 10% trichloroacetic acid and the α-keto acids formed were determined by the method of FRIEDEMANN and HAUGEN4 with a following modification: toluene extract was washed once with 8 ml of 10% sodium sulfate. The results obtained are summarized in Table l. When the reaction mixtures are analyzed before or after incubation on an automatic amino acid analyzer, the amount of L- or L-Alloisovalthine is found to be unchanged. Furthermore, as indicated in Table 1, L-isovalthine showed no inhibitory effect on the homoserine cleavage by cystathionase. Since amino acid oxidases have already been reported to have no effect on isovalthine³, the curious phenomenon above cited may have to be explained by other reaction mechanism such as transpeptipation reaction.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UbukaToshihiko en-aut-sei=Ubuka en-aut-mei=Toshihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HoriuchiKatsumi en-aut-sei=Horiuchi en-aut-mei=Katsumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimomuraTakehira en-aut-sei=Shimomura en-aut-mei=Takehira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=AzumiTsukasa en-aut-sei=Azumi en-aut-mei=Tsukasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=45 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=441 end-page=444 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1991 dt-pub=199112 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effects of antioxidants on survival of adult rat hepatocytes under various oxygen tensions in serum-free primary culture. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

Effects of antioxidants, such as superoxide dismutase, vitamin C, vitamin E, 4-(0-benzylphenoxy)-N-methylbutylamine hydrochloride (bifemelane), and selenite on survival of adult rat hepatocytes were examined under normoxic and hyperoxic conditions in serum-free primary culture. The tested antioxidants, except for vitamin C, significantly increased the survival rate of hepatocytes under the normoxic condition (under air). Thus, even the normoxic culture condition is hyperoxic for hepatocytes. Elevation of oxygen tension (40% O2) caused severe morphologic degeneration of hepatocytes and remarkable decrease in the survival rate of the cells. Addition of the antioxidants effectively protected hepatocytes from the morphologic degeneration, and significantly improved the survival of the cells under the hyperoxic condition. These findings indicate that the antioxidants can maintain the long-term survival of hepatocytes in serum-free primary culture.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MiyazakiMasahiro en-aut-sei=Miyazaki en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=BaiLiyan en-aut-sei=Bai en-aut-mei=Liyan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsuboiSo en-aut-sei=Tsuboi en-aut-mei=So kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SeshimoKen en-aut-sei=Seshimo en-aut-mei=Ken kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NambaMasayoshi en-aut-sei=Namba en-aut-mei=Masayoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=oxugen tension kn-keyword=oxugen tension en-keyword=hepatocytes kn-keyword=hepatocytes en-keyword=serum-free primary culture kn-keyword=serum-free primary culture en-keyword=survival kn-keyword=survival en-keyword=antioxidants kn-keyword=antioxidants END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=47 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=169 end-page=174 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1993 dt-pub=199306 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Hyperthermotherapy added to the multidisciplinary therapy for penile cancer. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

We performed a long-term follow-up of 4 patients with penile cancer who underwent hyperthermotherapy from August 1985 until August 1992. Hyperthermia was applied using a frequency of 350 MHz with a waveguide applicator twice a week for 60 min each for an average of 9.5 times (varying from 6 to 13 times). The total heating time that the temperature of urethra could be kept above 42 degrees C, was 166 min on the average (ranging from 0 to 463 min). Two patients classified as stage I according to the Jackson classification and 1 patient classified as stage IV underwent combined radiotherapy and received an average radiation dose of 53 Gy (range, 40-70 Gy). Among these patients 2 underwent combined chemotherapy with bleomycin or peplomycin. Malignant cells disappeared posttherapeutically and in August 1992, after an average of 5 years and 9 months (varying from 4 years 6 months to 6 years 10 months), the patients were free of recurrences. The one patient on stage IV had extensive invasion of the abdominal wall, but still recovered completely. One patient on stage III underwent combined chemotherapy and hyperthermotherapy, but heating had obviously been insufficient. There was a residue of malignant cells after the treatment and we performed a penectomy. Regarding functional preservation of the penis a multidisciplinary therapy incorporating hyperthermotherapy can be expected to increase the curativity. This indicates that it could induce in an advanced case, where an operation would be difficult, complete remission.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KurodaMasahiro en-aut-sei=Kuroda en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsushimaTomoyasu en-aut-sei=Tsushima en-aut-mei=Tomoyasu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NasuYasutomo en-aut-sei=Nasu en-aut-mei=Yasutomo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsaumiJunichi en-aut-sei=Asaumi en-aut-mei=Junichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishikawaKoji en-aut-sei=Nishikawa en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=GaoXian Shu en-aut-sei=Gao en-aut-mei=Xian Shu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=JojaIkuo en-aut-sei=Joja en-aut-mei=Ikuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakedaYoshihiro en-aut-sei=Takeda en-aut-mei=Yoshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=TogamiIzumi en-aut-sei=Togami en-aut-mei=Izumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=MakihataEiichi en-aut-sei=Makihata en-aut-mei=Eiichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawasakiShoji en-aut-sei=Kawasaki en-aut-mei=Shoji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhmoriHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Ohmori en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirakiYoshio en-aut-sei=Hiraki en-aut-mei=Yoshio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univresity affil-num=9 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=10 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=11 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=12 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=13 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=penile cancer kn-keyword=penile cancer en-keyword=hyperthermia kn-keyword=hyperthermia en-keyword=radiotherapy kn-keyword=radiotherapy en-keyword=chemotherapy kn-keyword=chemotherapy END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=39 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=385 end-page=396 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1985 dt-pub=198510 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Responses of plasma cyclic AMP, serum immunoreactive insulin, C-peptide immunoreactivity and blood sugar levels to glucagon in patients with liver diseases. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

Levels of plasma cyclic AMP, serum immunoreactive insulin (IRI), serum c-peptide immunoreactivity (CPR) and blood sugar (BS) were determined 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 min after a glucagon injection (0.01 mg per kg body weight) in normal controls, patients with acute hepatitis and liver cirrhosis. Plasma cyclic AMP responses to glucagon in liver disease patients varied widely in peak value, and only in patients with fulminant hepatitis and decompensated liver cirrhosis with poor prognosis was the response suppressed. The peak response of BS was found significantly later in liver cirrhosis patients than in normal controls. IRI and CPR responses to glucagon were lower in acute hepatitis patients than in normal controls and liver cirrhosis patients. IRI levels and their sum were also lower in acute hepatitis patients, although CPR levels were not significantly different. Thus, the ratio of the sum of CPR from 0 to 60 min to that of IRI was significantly higher in acute hepatitis, indicating impaired pancreatic secretion of insulin to glucagon stimulation as well as increased uptake of insulin by the liver in acute hepatitis.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShimamuraJunnosuke en-aut-sei=Shimamura en-aut-mei=Junnosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaketaKazuhisa en-aut-sei=Taketa en-aut-mei=Kazuhisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IdeTakero en-aut-sei=Ide en-aut-mei=Takero kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakataKenichi en-aut-sei=Nakata en-aut-mei=Kenichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagashimaHideo en-aut-sei=Nagashima en-aut-mei=Hideo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=liver diseases kn-keyword=liver diseases en-keyword=glucagon kn-keyword=glucagon en-keyword=cyclic AMP kn-keyword=cyclic AMP en-keyword=immunoreactive insulin kn-keyword=immunoreactive insulin en-keyword=c-peptide immunoreactivity kn-keyword=c-peptide immunoreactivity END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=52 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=161 end-page=167 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1998 dt-pub=199806 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Risk analysis of the exposure to GB virus C/hepatitis G virus among populations of intravenous drug users, commercial sex workers and male outpatients at STD clinic in Chiang Mai, Thailand: a cross-sectional case-control study. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

An exposure to GB virus C/hepatitis G virus (GBV-C/HGV) was studied among populations at risk for blood and sexual exposure to analyze risk factor of the transmission of the virus. Blood samples were drawn from 98 intravenous drug users (IVDU), 100 female high-class commercial sex workers (CSW) and 50 male outpatients (MOP) at a sexually transmitted diseases (STD) clinic in Chiang Mai, Thailand. These blood samples were analyzed for GBV-C/HGV RNA; antibodies against second envelope protein of GBV-C/HGV (anti-E2); anti-hepatitis C virus antibody (HCV-Ab); hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb); and antibodies against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-Ab). Prevalences of GBV-C/HGV RNA, anti-E2, HCV-Ab, HBcAb and HIV-Ab were 27.6%, 16.3%, 84.7%, 76.5% and 45.0% in IVDU; 0%, 21.5%, 2.0%, 72.0% and 11.0% in CSW; 6.0%, 13.6%, 0%, 64.0% and 14.0% in MOP. While the prevalence of GBV-C/HGV RNA was higher in IVDU than in CSW and MOP, comparable prevalences of anti-E2 among the three populations were found. Intravenous drug injection showed association with GBV-C/HGV RNA, while history of STD associated with anti-E2. In conclusion, intravenous drug injection and STD were found to be risk factors for the previous exposure to GBV-C/HGV, but STD did not increase the risk of the GBV-C/HGV viraemia.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SuganumaNarufumi en-aut-sei=Suganuma en-aut-mei=Narufumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkedaSatoru en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Satoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaketaKazuhisa en-aut-sei=Taketa en-aut-mei=Kazuhisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=WangDa-hong en-aut-sei=Wang en-aut-mei=Da-hong kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoHideki en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=PhornphukutkulKannika en-aut-sei=Phornphukutkul en-aut-mei=Kannika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=PeerakomeSupatra en-aut-sei=Peerakome en-aut-mei=Supatra kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=SitvacharanumKriegsak en-aut-sei=Sitvacharanum en-aut-mei=Kriegsak kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=JittiwutlkarnJaroon en-aut-sei=Jittiwutlkarn en-aut-mei=Jaroon kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univeristy affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=chiang Mai University affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Chiang Mai University affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=Chiang Mai STD Clinic affil-num=9 en-affil= kn-affil=Nothern Drug Dependence Treatment Center en-keyword=GB virus C/hepatitis G virus kn-keyword=GB virus C/hepatitis G virus en-keyword=anti-E2 anti-body kn-keyword=anti-E2 anti-body en-keyword=sexualty transmitted disease kn-keyword=sexualty transmitted disease en-keyword=human immunodeficiency virus kn-keyword=human immunodeficiency virus en-keyword=hepatitis C virus kn-keyword=hepatitis C virus END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=44 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=187 end-page=201 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1990 dt-pub=199008 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Cell kinetic analysis of brain tumors using the monoclonal antibody Ki-67: in vitro and in situ study. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

Ki-67 is a commercially available mouse monoclonal antibody (MoAb), which reacts with a nucleolar antigen (the Ki-67 antigen) expressed in proliferating eukaryotic cells. The author examined the precise localization of the Ki-67 antigen in C-6 cells using immunohistochemical and immunoelectron microscopic methods and estimated the proliferative activity of human brain tumors in situ. Positive nucleoplasmic reactions (early G1 phase) and nucleolar staining (late G1 phase) were observed. The cells showed very weak positive reactions in only one or two nucleoli (S phase) and multiple spicule reactions in the nucleoplasm (G2 phase). During the mitotic phase, the Ki-67 antigen was stained on the surfaces of all chromosomes and finely dispersed in the cytoplasm. By immunoelectron microscopic study, positive reactions were observed on the granular and dense fibrillar components. Therefore, the Ki-67 antigen seems to participate in the processing and assembly of preribosomal particles. In human brain tumors, the Ki-67 score (positive cells/total neoplastic cells), ranging 0 to 36.7%, correlated well with the histopathological grade of malignancy of the tumor. These findings suggest that immunohistochemical staining with the MoAb Ki-67 can be used as a convenient procedure for the simple evaluation of the proliferative activity of brain tumors.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShiraishiTetsuya en-aut-sei=Shiraishi en-aut-mei=Tetsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=monoclonal antibody Ki-67 kn-keyword=monoclonal antibody Ki-67 en-keyword=immunohistochemistry kn-keyword=immunohistochemistry en-keyword=cell proliferation kn-keyword=cell proliferation en-keyword=brain tumors kn-keyword=brain tumors en-keyword=nucleolar organizer regions kn-keyword=nucleolar organizer regions END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=38 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=41 end-page=48 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1984 dt-pub=198402 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Progesterone receptor in the human uterine cervix. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

A progesterone receptor (PR) in human uterine cervical nuclei was demonstrated by a nuclear exchange assay using a synthetic progestin, promegestone (R5020) as a radio-labeled ligand. Total exchange of previously bound progesterone with R5020 was achieved by incubation at 0 degree C for 3 h. A 0.6 M KCl solution was used to extract the nuclear PR in uterine cervical tissue, and the dextran coated charcoal (DCC) method was used to separate the free [3H] R5020 from the bound form. Scatchard plots of nuclear PR binding showed two components with dissociation constants of Kd = 2.3 X 10(-10) and 4.6 X 10(-9) M. Three histological regions of the uterine cervix was studied as to their nuclear PR contents throughout the menstrual cycle. In the follicular phase, the connective tissue (CT) had the highest PR concentration (658.9 fmole/mg DNA), followed by the columnar epithelium (CE) (253.6 fmole/mg DNA), and the squamous epithelium (SE) (184.7 fmole/mg DNA). In the luteal phase, there was no significant difference among the three regions. Comparing these phases of cycle revealed that the CT had higher PR contents in the follicular phase than in the luteal phase, but no such difference was found in the CE or SE. These three regions had the same Kd value in both phases.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=LinTai-Tung en-aut-sei=Lin en-aut-mei=Tai-Tung kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=receptor kn-keyword=receptor en-keyword=progesterone kn-keyword=progesterone en-keyword=cervix uterus kn-keyword=cervix uterus END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=41 cd-vols= no-issue=10 article-no= start-page=3434 end-page=3436 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=200510 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Magnetic anisotropies of obliquely evaporated Co films en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

The magnetic anisotropies of obliquely evaporated Co films were studied using ferromagnetic resonance. The coercive force (H/sub c/) increases rapidly beyond the incidence angle of /spl eta/=60/spl deg/. The remanence ratio (M/sub r//M/sub s/) along the parallel axis at 0/spl deg/ is 0.55-0.7 and comes to a minimum at /spl eta/=30--60/spl deg/. For 1000-/spl Aring/ films deposited at /spl eta/=75/spl deg/, oblique anisotropy field of H/sub k1/=4.9 kOe, in-plane anisotropy field of H/sub k2/=3 kOe and tilt angle of /spl alpha/=28/spl deg/ were observed; this film has H/sub c/=800 Oe and M/sub r//M/sub s/=0.95.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KohmotoOsamu en-aut-sei=Kohmoto en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshitomiYasumasa en-aut-sei=Yoshitomi en-aut-mei=Yasumasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurakamiHiroki en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Hiroki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=Anisotropy kn-keyword=Anisotropy en-keyword=cobalt kn-keyword=cobalt en-keyword=evaporation kn-keyword=evaporation en-keyword=ferromagnetic resonance kn-keyword=ferromagnetic resonance END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=29 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1 end-page=6 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1961 dt-pub=19610625 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF ZIRCONIUM kn-title=ネオトリンによるジルコニウムの比色分析法 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Neo-Thorin was previously presented by the other authers as a color-developing reagent for the spectrophotometric determination of zirconium. 1) To determine the optimum condition for the use of this method, the effects of pH, time and temperature, and the interference of several ions were checked. The following conclusions were derived from the experimental results: Absorption curve-- The zirconium Neo-Thorin complex salt shows a maximum absorption at 580 mμ against Neo-Thorin (Figs. 1 and 2). Effect of pH-- The complex salt gives a maximum absorption at pH 1. 7 (Fig. 3). Effect of time and temperature-- Color absorption is stable for a period of 15 to 200 minutes after color development at room temperature. Heating over 40°C is harmful, because of the formation of a purple precipitation. Interference by several ions-- Cations UO(2)(2+) and Fe(3+) besides Th(4+), considerably interfer with color development. The absorption of 2000 μg U corresponds to that of 10 μg Zr (Fig. 4). However, interference by Fe(3+) becomes negligible if hydroxylamine hydrochloride is added. 2) As a result of the above conclusions, the following procedure is recommended: Procedure recommended-- A few ml of sample solution, 1 ml of 20% hydroxylamine hydrochloride and 1 ml of dilute acid, if necessary, are mixed and diluted to 9 ml. To this solution, 1 ml of 0.05% Neo-Thorin is added. The pH value of the final solution is 1.7. From 15 to 200 minutes after mixing, color absorption is measured at 575 mμ. In the range of 0 to 150 μg Zr per 10 ml, the color absorption of the complex salt obeys Beer's law (Fig. 5). 3) In demonstration, this method was applied to the determination of zirconium in a uranium mineral. Table 1 shows the zirconium content of beta-uranophane from Katamo Mine, Tottori-ken. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkunoTakaharu en-aut-sei=Okuno en-aut-mei=Takaharu kn-aut-name=奥野孝晴 kn-aut-sei=奥野 kn-aut-mei=孝晴 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakanoueMasanobu en-aut-sei=Sakanoue en-aut-mei=Masanobu kn-aut-name=阪上正信 kn-aut-sei=阪上 kn-aut-mei=正信 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学温泉研究所 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学温泉研究所化学部門 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=33 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=29 end-page=38 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1964 dt-pub=19640325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The Effect of A Single Bath in Radioactive Hot Spring Water on Variability in Electrocardiograms of Patients with Internal Diseases　(1) Repeat Variability in Electrocardiograms of the 100 Patients without Bathing kn-title=三朝温泉の入浴が諸種内科疾患患者の心電図に及ぼす影響（第一報）非入浴時の心電図の変化に就いて en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The authors studied time-to-time variability of 100 patients with internal diseases in 100 ECG's over a period of 15 minutes. The variavirity were observed on eleven electrocardiographic items which were measured in 12 leads (I～III, (a)V(R)～(a)V(F), V(1～6)). The electrocardiograms were recorded by same technician, who carefully recorded in confomity to the description on the variability due to techinical and biologocal sources in Simonson's writing and were measured by one of the authors. Frequency distribution of differences between each two electrocardiograms of the same patients are shown in Figures (from 1 to 11) and 5% rejection limits of these differences, which were calculated in use of the stochastics, were as follows : P duration (sec. ) : + 0.022 >X(0)> - 0.021 P-Q duration (sec.) : + 0.029 >X(0)> - 0.024 QRS duration (sec.) : + 0.018 > X(0)> - 0.013 R-R interval (sec.) : + 0.168 >X(0)> - 0.141 QT Ratio (%) + 10.01 >X(0)> - 7.89 QT(c) : + 0.032 >X(0)> - 0.022 P/PR segment : + 0.914 >X(0)> - 0.832 QT/TQ + 0.192 >X(0)> - 0.190 T/R V(5) : + 0.116 >X(0)> - 0.090 AQRS (front. plane) : + 13. 29°>X(0)> - 13.83° AT (front. Plane) : + 14.88°>X(0)> - 16.94° en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KitayamaMinoru en-aut-sei=Kitayama en-aut-mei=Minoru kn-aut-name=北山稔 kn-aut-sei=北山 kn-aut-mei=稔 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawadaYoshiro en-aut-sei=Kawada en-aut-mei=Yoshiro kn-aut-name=河田義郎 kn-aut-sei=河田 kn-aut-mei=義郎 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学温泉研究所医学部門内科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学温泉研究所医学部門内科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=48 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=35 end-page=41 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1979 dt-pub=19790325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Determination of boron in thermal waters by emission spectrophotometry using "Spectraspan" kn-title=スぺクトラスパン･プラズマ発光分光光度計による温泉中のホウ素の定量 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A plasma emission spectrophotometer "Spectraspan" (low power d. c. plasma arc, operating on argon) was evaluated for boron determination in thermal waters. The influence of acids (hydrochloric, nitric and sulfuric acids) and several metallic ions (Na(+). K(+), Mg(2+). Ca(2+)) on emission intensity was studied. There was a linear relationship between emission intensity and boron content from 0 to 500 mg/l. Boron in thermal waters was easily determined by standard addition method. Precision. coefficient of variance and recoveries of known amount of boron added to the sample for 11 repricate analyses were 0.12μg/ml, 2.02%, 95.0-101.7%, respectively. Boron content of 27 thermal waters in the Sanin district was determined. and the highest B content in the sample waters were 8.8 mg/l (Tottori spa) in Tottori Prefecture and 14.6-25.0 mg/l (the thermal springs at the foot of Mt. Sanbe. a non-active quaternary volcano) in Shimane Prefecture. The relationships between B content and water temperature, B content and pH value were not recognized. Significantly positive correlationship was observed between Band Li contents. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MifuneMasaaki en-aut-sei=Mifune en-aut-mei=Masaaki kn-aut-name=御船政明 kn-aut-sei=御船 kn-aut-mei=政明 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=AokiHiroko en-aut-sei=Aoki en-aut-mei=Hiroko kn-aut-name=青木宏子 kn-aut-sei=青木 kn-aut-mei=宏子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TetsumotoJunko en-aut-sei=Tetsumoto en-aut-mei=Junko kn-aut-name=鉄本潤子 kn-aut-sei=鉄本 kn-aut-mei=潤子 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=FurunoKatsushi en-aut-sei=Furuno en-aut-mei=Katsushi kn-aut-name=古野勝志 kn-aut-sei=古野 kn-aut-mei=勝志 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorinagaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Morinaga en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=森永寛 kn-aut-sei=森永 kn-aut-mei=寛 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部附属病院三朝分院 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部附属病院三朝分院 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学温泉研究所温泉内科学部門 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学温泉研究所温泉内科学部門 affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学温泉研究所温泉内科学部門 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=50 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1 end-page=15 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1980 dt-pub=19800325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Experimental study of sulfur isotope exchange between S0(4)(2-) and H(2)S (aqueous) at 400℃ and 1000 bars water pressure kn-title=400℃, 1000気圧の熱水中におけるSO(2-)(4)-H(2)S間のイオウ同位体交換反応の実験的研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Experimental procedures used in this study are the same as those developed by Sakai and Dickson (1978). 0.005 M Na(2)S(2)O(3) solutions were heated to 400℃ under 1000 bar water pressure in a gold bag of Dickson gold-bag equipment (Fig. 1). At an elevated temperature Na(2)S(2)O(3) quickly and completely decomposed into 1:1 mixture of SO(4)(2-) and H(2)S (eq. (1)) and subsequent isotope exchange (eq. (2)) was monitored by consecutively withdrawing aliquots of solution for chemical and isotopic analyses at desired time intervals. For the preparation of SO(2) for isotope analyses, 2 to 5 mg BaSO(4) was thoroughly mixed with silica glass powder of 10 times the BaSO(4) in weight and heated to 1400℃ or so in sealed, evacuated silica glass tubings (see Fig. 2 and equation (4)). The technique is a modification of Holt and Engelkemeir (1971). The (18)O/(16)O ratios of SO(2) thus formed stayed constant by exchange with silica glass powder (Fig. 3). Numerical data of the three runs performed in this study are summarized in Tables 1 to 3. In runs 2 and 3, a small aliquot of (34)S- enriched H(2)SO(4) was added into the starting solution and thus equilibrium was approached from above the quilibrium value (see Fig. 4). When isotope exchange occurs between two molecules, X and Y, the reaction rate, r, is related to the extent of exchange, F, at given time, t, by equation (17), where X and Y indicate concentrations of given species, α(e), α(o) and α denote the　fractionation factor at equilibrium, at time　t=0 and at an arbitrary time t, and F = (α - α(o))/(α(e) - α(0)) or the extent of isotope exchange. Assuming the exchange rate is of the first order with respect to both X and Y and to the β'th power of hydrogen ion activity, a(H)(+), eq. (17) reduces to eq. (19), where k(1) denotes the rate constant. If X, Y and pH of solution stayed constant during the run, the half-time, t(1/2), of the exchange reaction can be obtained graphically as shown in Fig. 5. The t(1/2) for runs 1, 2, and 3 are determined to be 5.8, 5.5 and 6.1 hrs, respectively. Introducing F=0.5 and t=t(1/2) into eq. (19), we obtain eq. (20) which is graphically shown in Fig. 6 using the data by the present work and those by Sakai and Dickson(1978). The numerical values of log k(1) + 0.16 may be obtained by extrapolating the lines to pH=0 and, from these values, the rate constant, k(1) , may be calculated for temperatures of 300° and 400℃. From these two values of k(1) and from the Arrhenius plot, the activation energy of the exchange reaction was calculated to be 22 kcal/mole, a much smaller value than 55 kcal/mole obtained by Igumnov (1977). The value of β is found to be 0.29 at 300℃ and 0.075 at 400℃, although the physico-chemical nature of β is not clear to the present authors. Using these values, eq. (24), where C is a constant, is derived which would enable us to calculate the t(1/2) of any system of known ΣS and pH. However, as we do not know yet how β varies with different systems, eq. (24) is applicable only to limited systems in which temperature, total sulfur contents and pH are similar to those of the present study. Fig. 7 illustrates how t(1/2) varies with pH and total sulfur content at 300° and 400℃ and predicts t(1/2) for some solutions obtainable by hydrothermal reactions of seawater with various igneous rocks. The average equilibrium fractionation factor at 400℃ obtained by this study is 1.0153, in good accord with 1.0151 given by Igumnov et al. (1977). Theoretical fractionation factors between SO(4)(2-) and H(2)S have been calculated by Sakai (1968) , who gives too high values compared to the experimental data obtained by this and other researchers (Fig. 9). In the present study, the reduced partition function ratio (R.P.F.R.) of SO(4)(2-) was recalculated using two sets of the vibrational frequencies of SO(4)(2-) (shown in Table 5) and the valence force fields of Heath and Linnett (1947), which reproduces the observed frequencies of SO(4)(2-) better than Urey-Bradley force field used by Sakai (1968). The results of new calculation are shown in Table 6. This table also includes the R.P.F.R. of H(2)S which was calculated by Thode et al. (1971). Using these new R.P.F.R. of SO(4)(2-) and H(2)S, the fractionation factors between SO(4)(2-) and H(2)S were calculated and are listed in the last column of Table 6 and plotted in Fig. 9. Fig. 9 indicates that the new calculation gives values more shifted from the experimental values than before. The major sulfate ions in our solution at 300° and 400℃ exist as NaSO(4)(-) (Sakai and Dickson, 1978; see also Table 4 of this paper) and, therefore, the measured fractionation factors are those between NaSO(4)(-) and H(2)S. The discrepancy between the theory and experiments may, at least, be partially explained by this fact, although other more important reasons, which are not known to us at the moment, may also exist. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KamadaEmi en-aut-sei=Kamada en-aut-mei=Emi kn-aut-name=鎌田恵美 kn-aut-sei=鎌田 kn-aut-mei=恵美 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakaiHitoshi en-aut-sei=Sakai en-aut-mei=Hitoshi kn-aut-name=酒井均 kn-aut-sei=酒井 kn-aut-mei=均 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KishimaNoriaki en-aut-sei=Kishima en-aut-mei=Noriaki kn-aut-name=木島宣明 kn-aut-sei=木島 kn-aut-mei=宣明 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学温泉研究所熱水地球化学部門 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学温泉研究所熱水地球化学部門 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学温泉研究所熱水地球化学部門 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=49 end-page=55 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19951220 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Determination of Inorganic Anions in Environmental Samples by Capillary Electrophoresis kn-title=キャピラリー電気泳動法による環境試料中の無機陰イオンの定量 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Several inorganic anions in environmental water samples, such as river, rain, tap, and waste waters, were determined by capillary electrophoresis with indirect photometric UV detection. In this study, the use of a polymer coated silica capillary and an anionic organic photometric reagent realized a stable baseline and short analytical time. Nine kinds of anions, Cl(-), Br(-), NO(3)(-), SO(4)(2-), C(2)O(4)(2-), ClO(4)(-), F(-), HPO(4)(2-), and HCO(3)(-), were well separated and detected within 12 minutes. Calibration graphs for the anions showed a good linearity in the range of 0 to 4x10(-4) mol dm(-3). Detection limits of the anions were 2x10(-6) mol dm(-3) (HPO(4)(2-)) to 4x10(-5) mol dm(-3) (NO(2)(-)). Anions in river water (Zasu river) and waste water (Okayama University, North district) were measured over 5 days. The waste water contained various kinds of anions, at high concentrations with its large variation, when compared with the river water. The proposed method offers a simple, rapid, and accurate analysis of anions in water samples. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakayanagiToshio en-aut-sei=Takayanagi en-aut-mei=Toshio kn-aut-name=高柳俊夫 kn-aut-sei=高柳 kn-aut-mei=俊夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadaEiko en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Eiko kn-aut-name=和田栄子 kn-aut-sei=和田 kn-aut-mei=栄子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OshimaMitsuko en-aut-sei=Oshima en-aut-mei=Mitsuko kn-aut-name=大島光子 kn-aut-sei=大島 kn-aut-mei=光子 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MotomizuShoji en-aut-sei=Motomizu en-aut-mei=Shoji kn-aut-name=本水昌二 kn-aut-sei=本水 kn-aut-mei=昌二 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部化学科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部化学科 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部化学科 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部化学科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=33 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=31 end-page=36 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1984 dt-pub=19840105 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Relative extractabilities of cations and anions in the extraction of ion associates and estimation of extraction constants from chemical structure kn-title=イオン会合抽出における陽,陰イオンの相対的抽出性と抽出定数の推定 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=Extraction constant, K(ex), for the chloroform extraction of ion associates from aqueous solution was divided into two parameters, C and A, assigned to the cation and the anion, respectively: logK(ex)=C+A. In estimating the values of C or A for various ions, a hypothetical cation, -N_??_-(+) (long-chain alkyltrimethylammonium type), with no alkyl groups nor hydrogen atoms was chosen as a reference ion for which C=0. C value for long-chain alkyltrimethylammonium cations can be calculated from C=0.59n, where n is the number of carbons and 0.59 is the value of π(CH(2)), contribution constant of methylene group to extraction constant. C values for other alkylammonium ions were determined experimentally and compared with those calculated on the assumption of additivity of contribution constants of functional groups. C values for other cationic groups were as follows: -1.20 for -N_??_-(+) (symmetrical tetraalkylammonium type), -0.56 for >-NH(3)(+) 0.40 for NH(2)(+), 1.29 for _??_ NH(+), 4.72 for -_??_NH(+), 7.53 for -(+)N_??_-N=N-_??_N(C(2)H(5))(2), and 10.74 for C(C(6)H(4)-)(3)(+), respectively. By using these C values, A values for inorganic and organic anions were determined. A values for inorganic anions were as follows: -11.06 for F(-), -9.07 for OH(-), -8.11 for NO(2)(-), -8.08 for Cl(-), -7.05 for NO(3)(-), -6.89 for Br(-), -5.80 for BF(4)(-), -5.32 for I(-), -5.17 for SCN(-), -5.03 for ClO(4)(-), and -4.45 for ReO(4)(-), respectively. A values for anionic groups were as follows: -9.08 for -SO(3)(-), -10.73 for -COO(-), and -7.38 for -OSO(3)(-), respectively. By using the values of C and A, the extraction constants (logK(ex)) for ion associate (C(+)·A(-)) were estimated and compared with those obtained experimentally. The differences between them were smaller than ±0.3 log unit. kn-abstract=水-クロロホルム系でのイオン会合抽出におけるイオンの抽出性の相対的尺度として,陽イオンに対しC値,陰イオンに対しA値を割り当てた.これらの値の算出の際の基準にはアルキル鎖及び水素原子を全く持たない仮想的な陽イオン[-〓N-(+)]をとった.C値,A値と抽出定数(logK(ex))の関係は,logK(ex)=C+Aで表される.陽イオンとして14種の第四級アンモニウムイオン,テトラフェニルホスホニウム(アルソニウム)イオン,5種のアゾ系染料陽イオン,7種のトリフェニルメタン系染料陽イオン及びメチレンブルーのC値を決めた.又π値(置換基の寄与)を用いるC値の計算方法についても考察した.C値を用い,無機,有機陰イオンのA値も決定した.得られたC値及びA値を用いて約150種のイオン会合体の抽出定数を推定し,既報の実測値との比較をしたところ,±0.3log単位程度の誤差であった.又著者以外により報告されている抽出定数との一致も良好であった. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MotomizuShoji en-aut-sei=Motomizu en-aut-mei=Shoji kn-aut-name=本水昌二 kn-aut-sei=本水 kn-aut-mei=昌二 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=relative extractability of cations and anions kn-keyword=relative extractability of cations and anions en-keyword=estimation of extraction constants of ion associates kn-keyword=estimation of extraction constants of ion associates en-keyword=extraction with chloroform kn-keyword=extraction with chloroform END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=42 cd-vols= no-issue=11 article-no= start-page=667 end-page=672 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1993 dt-pub=19931105 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Group contribution study on ion-association extractability of ring-alkylated N-alkylpyridinium ions kn-title=2,3及び4位にアルキル置換基を持つN-アルキルピリジニウムイオンのイオン会合抽出性と抽出性に及ぼす置換基の寄与 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=Twenty-six derivatives of alkyl-N-alkylpyridinium ions, where the alkyl groups were the methyl, ethyl and propyl groups, were synthesized. These pyridinium ions (C(+)) could be extracted into chloroform as their ion associates with Cl(2)-EO(-)(dichloro derivatives of Ethyl Orange, A(-) ), and thus each extraction constant K(ex)(=[C(+)・A-)] (o)/[C(+)][A(-)]) was obtained in this work. The longer the alkyl chains, the larger the values of log K(ex) were. The contribution of a methylene group to log K(ex) was on average 0.59 for alkyl groups substituted at a pyridine ring, and 0.54 for N-alkyl groups. The position effect (P(p)) was 0.11 and 0.28 for 3-substituted and 4-substituted derivatives, respectively. The overlapping effect (P(o)) occurred between an N-alkyl group and a 2-substituted group, and was estimated to be -0.20. P(o) must be considered for pairs of ethyl groups, and ethyl and propyl groups. The extractability parameter of the skelton (C(5)H(5)N(+)-) was determined to be an average 2.2, which is 0.75 smaller than the value of 2.95 (=0.59×5) calculated by using the contribution value of the methylene group, 0.59. This difference is almost the same as that in the benzene ring, 0.64, and is considered to be the effect of ring closure. kn-abstract=2,3,4位にアルキル基を持つN-アルキルピリジニウム塩(アルキル基:CH(3)-,C(2)H(5)-,C(3)H(7)-)26種を合成し,イオン会合抽出性について検討した.水-クロロホルム抽出系で,対イオンとしてエチルオレンジのジクロロ誘導体(Cl(2)-EO(-))を用いて抽出定数(logK(ex))を求めた.アルキル基の炭素数が増すと抽出性も増し,抽出定数への寄与分は2,3,4位の置換基では平均0.59,N-置換基では平均0.54であった.アルキル基が同じ場合には,抽出定数は4位>3位>2位置換体の順に小さくなる.2位置換体は隣接のN-置換基との重なり効果の結果,3,4位置換体よりも小さくなる.基本骨格(C(5)H(5)N(+)-)の抽出性の尺度(C:>N(+)<を基準C=0とする)は約2.2となり,メチレン基の数から単純計算した値(0.59×5=2.95)よりも0.75小さい.これはベンゼン環(-C(6)H(5))の単純計算値と実測値との差(0.64)とほぼ一致しており,閉環効果による抽出性(疎水性)の減少分と見なされる. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MotomizuShoji en-aut-sei=Motomizu en-aut-mei=Shoji kn-aut-name=本水昌二 kn-aut-sei=本水 kn-aut-mei=昌二 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OshimaMitsuko en-aut-sei=Oshima en-aut-mei=Mitsuko kn-aut-name=大島光子 kn-aut-sei=大島 kn-aut-mei=光子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanHu en-aut-sei=Yan en-aut-mei=Hu kn-aut-name=胡焔 kn-aut-sei=胡 kn-aut-mei=焔 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=alkyl-N-alkylpyridinium derivatives kn-keyword=alkyl-N-alkylpyridinium derivatives en-keyword=dichloro derivatives of Ethyl Orange kn-keyword=dichloro derivatives of Ethyl Orange en-keyword=extractability of ion associates kn-keyword=extractability of ion associates en-keyword=contribution of substituents to extractability kn-keyword=contribution of substituents to extractability END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=99 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=35 end-page=42 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2010 dt-pub=20100201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=休眠程度の異なるブドウ‘ピオーネ’の発芽に及ぼす温度の影響 kn-title=Effect of Temperature on 'Pione' Grapevine Budbreaking at Different Stages of Dormancy en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=露地栽培されているブドウ‘ピオーネ’について，休眠の深さが異なる7月から翌年3月まで約1か月間隔で枝を採取し，1芽を有す挿し穂を調整した後，20，25および30℃に制御したインキュベーター（いずれも14時間日長）に入れ，経時的に発芽を調査した．発芽の早さを示す発芽所要日数と発芽の揃いを示す60%発芽所要日数から発芽に及ぼす温度の影響を評価した．実験期間中の温度を測定し，休眠完了と温度との関係を考察した．いずれの処理時期においても30℃の発芽が最も優れ，次いで25℃，20℃の順であった．しかし，発芽に及ぼす温度の影響は処理時期によって大きく異なった．すなわち，発芽所要日数は7月から10月までは徐々に増加し，11月に最大に達した後，3月に向けて少しずつ減少した．このことから，‘ピオーネ’では7月から9月が条件的休眠期，10月から12月が自発休眠期，1月から3月が他発休眠期と推察された．自発休眠期までの最終発芽率はいずれの温度も100%未満であり，また7月～9月の20℃処理では60%未満の発芽率であった．一方，自発休眠期の中期以降の処理ではいずれの温度とも均一な発芽を示し，最終発芽率はほぼ100%であった．11月以降の処理において，発芽所要日数と7.2℃以下の温度に遭遇した時間数（CCH）との間に有意な負の相関があった．また，11月１日から各処理時期までの0℃以上の温度に遭遇した時間数と20，25または30℃で処理を始めた日から各処理区の発芽までの時間数との積算（CT, ℃・h）との間にも有意な負の相関が認められた．以上のことから，‘ピオーネ’の芽の休眠完了の予測には低温遭遇量だけでなく，0℃以上の積算温度による方法も有効と考えられた． kn-abstract=The effects of temperature on budbreak of cuttings obtained at different stages of dormancy from 'Pione' grapevines (Vitis labrusca × V. vinifera) grown in open field were investigated. Cuttings were collected at monthly intervals from July to March. Judging from the number of days to initial and 60% budbreak after treatment, indicating promotion and the uniformity of budbreak, respectively, 30℃ was the most effective in budbreak, followed by 25 and 20℃ in that order in all treatment times. However, the effect of temperature on budbreak was markedly affected by treatment time. The number of days to initial budbreak (NDIB) increased gradually from July to October, peaked in December and thereafter decreased gradually towards March. The periods from July to September, from October to December, and from January to March were assumed to correspond to paradormancy, endodormancy, and ecodormancy of 'Pione' grapevines, respectively. Final percentage of budbreak was less than 100% until endodormancy for all temperatures. It was below 60% at 20℃ treatments of July to September. On the other hand, a uniform budbreak was observed in the treatments after the middle of endodormancy for all temperatures, resulting in almost 100% of final percentage of budbreak. There was a significant negative correlation between NDIB and cumulative chilling hour (CCH) of exposure to below 7.2℃ in the treatments after November, and also between NDIB and cumulative temperature (CT, ℃･h), a summation of temperature and hours of exposure to above 0°C from November 1 to each treatment time and hours of exposure to 20, 25, or 30℃ from start of treatment to budbreak in each plot. The results suggest that besides CCH, CT can also be used to estimate the completion of dormancy in 'Pione' grapevine bud. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=PotjanapimonChaiwat en-aut-sei=Potjanapimon en-aut-mei=Chaiwat kn-aut-name=ポジャナピモンチャイワット kn-aut-sei=ポジャナピモン kn-aut-mei=チャイワット aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukudaFumio en-aut-sei=Fukuda en-aut-mei=Fumio kn-aut-name=福田文夫 kn-aut-sei=福田 kn-aut-mei=文夫 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KubotaNaohiro en-aut-sei=Kubota en-aut-mei=Naohiro kn-aut-name=久保田尚浩 kn-aut-sei=久保田 kn-aut-mei=尚浩 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=breaking of grapevine bud kn-keyword=breaking of grapevine bud en-keyword=cumulative chilling hour (CCH) kn-keyword=cumulative chilling hour (CCH) en-keyword=cumulative temperature (CT) kn-keyword=cumulative temperature (CT) en-keyword=different dormant stages kn-keyword=different dormant stages en-keyword=temperature kn-keyword=temperature END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=76 cd-vols= no-issue=7-9 article-no= start-page=419 end-page=427 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1964 dt-pub=19640930 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on Experimental Leukemia in Mice. Ⅱ. Preservation and Resistance of C58 Mouse Leukemic Cells kn-title=実験的マウス白血病に関する研究 第二編 C(58)マウス白血病細胞の抵抗に関する研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Two strains of transplantable leukemia in C58 mice described in the Part I, OHS-LL (lymphocytic) and OHS-ML (myelogenous), were compared as to the resistance and preservation of leukemic cells by means of bioassay experiments. Both leukemic cell lines were not viable beyond 24 hours at room temperature, and rapidly lost transplantability at 65℃. For the preservation of leukemic cells it was more appropriate to keep them as frozen spleens or animals than to keep them as cell suspensions. OHS ML withstood for 60 days and OHS-LL for 47 days at -80℃., and it would be possible to preserve them for a longer period. OHS-ML was not transplantable below pH 5 and OHS LL below pH 3, indicating inferior resistance of the former to an acid solution. Both leukemic strains became negative for transplantation in NaCl solutions at 0% and over 10% , and showed no difference in osmotic fragility. Both cell stains proved to be cell-graftable after 5 times of freezing and thawing at -30℃. for 15 minutes, but not after 5 times of the same procedure at -30℃. for 60 minutes. Both cell lines were not transplantable after lyophilization. The lethal X-ray irradiation dose was 8,000r against OHS-ML and 3,000r against OHS-LL. OHS-ML became inactivated by formalin, trichloroacetic acid and marsonin at the concentration of over 10(-1)%, 10(-2)%, and 10(-3)%, and similarly OHS-LL at the concentration of over 10(-2)%, 10(-1)%, and 10(-2)%, respectively. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FujiwaraHisayoshi en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Hisayoshi kn-aut-name=藤原久義 kn-aut-sei=藤原 kn-aut-mei=久義 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部平木内科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=271 end-page=277 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1968 dt-pub=19680228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Effect of Normal Human Serum on the Lipogenesis of Rat Adipose Tissue in the Presence and Absence of Added Insulin kn-title=ラット脂肪組織の脂質合成におよぼす正常人血清および血清中添加インスリンの影響 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Rat epididymal adipose tissue was incubated in the normal human serum in the presence and absence of insulin, and the incorporation of labeled glucose and acetate into major lipid fractions and individual fatty acids was compared as these in Kreb's bicarbonate buffer. The results were as follows: 1) The incorporation of (14)C from 1-(14)C glucose or 1-(14)C acetate into fatty acids of adipose tissue was increased by the serum containirlg 50μU/ml of added insulin, but the incorporation was inhibited about 20% by serum with 800μU/ml of added insulin. 2) The percentage of recovered cpm incorporated into various fatty acids showed some difference in the serum as compared to the values in buffer. Although the percentage of 14:0 and 16:1 was decreased and 16:0 and 18:0 was increased by the serum, the changes found in these fatty acids were less sensitive to the effect of added insulin. The formation of 18:1 was most sensitive to added insulin in serum and the change of synthesis of this fatty acid reflects most specifically the stimulatory or inhibitory effect of insulin on the formation of total fatty acids in serum. 3) The effect of insulin as was found in fatty acid formation in serum was also appeared in the formation of non-saponifiable fraction in serum, but the glycerol formation was almost independent on insulin effect. 4) Dialyzed sernm with 200μU/ml of added insulin stimulated the fomation of total fatty acids remarkably, but the formation of 18:1 was also depressed in this condition, then, it is conceivable that the formation of 18:1 has some difference in nature as compared to others. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakanoToshio en-aut-sei=Takano en-aut-mei=Toshio kn-aut-name=高野俊男 kn-aut-sei=高野 kn-aut-mei=俊男 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=259 end-page=270 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1968 dt-pub=19680228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on Incorporation of Acetate-(14)C into Lipids by Blood from Patients with Liver Cirrhosis kn-title=1-(14)C acetateの全血脂質へのとりこみよりみた肝硬変患者における脂質代謝について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The incorporation of 1-(14)C acetate into major lipid fractions or discrete fatty acids of whole blood has been studied. The subjects studied were 22 cases of liver cirrhosis, 11 severe diabetics, 8 mild diabetics, 7 normal persons, and 5 cases of acute hepatitis. Of these 22 cases of liver cirrhosis, 2 were normal, 10 were abnormal in glucose tolerance test (GTT), and another 10 cases were clinically considered to have been complicated with primary diabetes. Results: 1) Not only the groups of liver cirrhosis with abnormal GTT and with diabetes, but severe diabetics showed remarkable decrease in incorporation of (14)C from acetate-(14)C into fatty acids and non-saponifiable fraction, howeuer, little depression has been found in the mild diabetics and the group of acute hepatitis as compared to the normal group. 2) From the view of incorporation of (14)C into iudividual fatty acids, groups of liver cirrhosis showed equally less in percentage of recovered cpm in 14:0, and 16:0 than those found in diabetic group, particularly, percentage incorporation of 14:0 in group of liver cirrhosis with abnormal GTT was significantly decreased as compared to diabetic groups. In 16:0 also, percentage of recovered cmp in both groups of liver cirrhosis with abnormal GTT and with diabetes was significantly depressed than controls. All groups of liver cirrhosis showed highly significant increase of percentage incorporation in 18:1 as compared to both normal and diabetic groups. Significant increase of percentage of recovered cpm in fatty acids with retention time corresponding to 20:4 or greater was found in the groups of liver cirrhosis as well as diabetics as compared to normal controls. Therefore, the groups of liver cirrhosis and diabetics showed analogous changes in the formation of 14:0, 16:0, and fatty acids longer than 20:4, but the remarkable increase in formation of 18:1 was found to be specific for liver cirrhosis. 3) The percentage of recovered cpm in 14:0, 16:0, and fatty acids longer than 20:4 had no significant difference among the groups of liver cirrhosis. However, in spite of insignificant change, the group of liver cirrhosis with abnormal GTT showed increase by about 3% in mean value in percentage incorporation in 18:1 as compared to the group with diabetes. 4) No particular changes in percentage incorporation of (14)C into discrete fatty acids of blood were observed in the group of acute hepatitis as compared with normal group. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakanoToshio en-aut-sei=Takano en-aut-mei=Toshio kn-aut-name=高野俊男 kn-aut-sei=高野 kn-aut-mei=俊男 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=82 cd-vols= no-issue=5-6 article-no= start-page=319 end-page=327 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1970 dt-pub=19700630 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Metabolism of Fatty Acids in Patients of Liver Cirrhosis Part 1. On the Esterification of Synthesized Fatty Acids from 1-(14)C Acetate in Whole Blood Cells kn-title=肝硬変患者における脂酸代謝に関する研究 第1編 1-(14)C acetateからの生成脂酸のエステル化について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The synthesis of fatty acids and their esterification by blood from 12 cases of liver cirrhosis was studied in terms of incorporation of (14)C from 1-(14)C acetate into individual fatty acids in comparison with those found in the groups of 5 chemical diabetics, 5 overt diabetics, 6 cases of acute hepatitis, and 11 normal subjects. Of the patients of liver cirrhosis 6 cases were abnormal in glucose tolerance test (GTT) in spite of uncertain complication of primary diabetes and the rest was clinically considered to have been complicated with primary diabetes. The results were as follows. 1. It was proved in such major lipid classes as triglyceride (TG), Phospholipid (PL), and free fatty acids (FFA) that the depression of absolute distribution of the labelled fatty acids synthesized was found in every group of diseases as compared to normal controls, however in both TG and FFA fractions the most striking depression was found in the groups of liver cirrhosis with abnormal GTT, overt diabetics, and acute hepatitis. While the remarkable decrease in PL fraction was found in every group of liver diseases particularly in the groups of liver cirrhosis. 2. It was found in the diabetic groups that the percentage of synthesized fatty acids distributed to TG was lower and that distributed to PL was higher than normal group, on the contrary the percentage distributed to TG was higher and that distributed to PL was lower than normal group in both groups of liver cirrhosis. 3. Both groups of liver cirrhosis showed the striking increase of percentage distribution in 18:1 as compared to not only normal but diabetic groups and that this change was found in every fraction of TG, PL, and FFA. However the increase of the percentage distribution in 18:1 was most strikingly reflected to TG fraction, because the esterification of 18:1 was most specific for TG fraction and on the other hand the percentage of this fatty acid in the diabetic groups showed rather lower values as found in the normal group. In patients of liver cirrhosis the striking increase of the percentage distribution in 18:1 was weakened to some extent by complcating the primary diabetes in all lipid classes examined, nevertheless the pattern was rather analogous to that of liver cirrhosis than diabetics. The most part of 14:0 and 16:0 remained unesterified and the percentage distribution of these fatty acids in FFA or PL fraction was lower in the groups of liver cirrhosis and diabetics than that of normal controls or acute hepatitis. The esterification of fatty acids with retention time corresponding to 20:0 or longer was most specific for both TG and PL fractions and in these fractions the percentage distribution of these fatty acids increased in the diabetic groups and decreased on the contrary in the groups of liver diseases as compared to normal group. No particular differences were found among each group in the percentage of 16:1 and 18:0 in every lipid classes. 4. In acute hepatitis the fatty acid synthesis by blood showed some quantitative decrease, little qualitative changes in the percentage distribution of individual fatty acids were found in every lipid class as compared to normal group. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ArimichiMegumu en-aut-sei=Arimichi en-aut-mei=Megumu kn-aut-name=有道徳 kn-aut-sei=有道 kn-aut-mei=徳 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=43 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=99 end-page=107 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2009 dt-pub=200901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A High-Speed Square Root Algorithm for Extension fields -Especially for Fast Extension Fields- en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A square root (SQRT) algorithm in extension field F(p(m))(m = r(0)r(1)･･･r(n−1)･2(d), r(i) : odd prime, d : positive integer) is proposed in this paper. First, a conventional SQRT algorithm, the Tonelli-Shanks algorithm, is modified to compute the inverse SQRT in F(p(2d)), where most of the computations are performed in the corresponding subfields F(p(2i)) for 0 ≤ i ≤ d-1. Then the Frobenius mappings with addition chain are adopted for the proposed SQRT algorithm, in which a lot of computations in a given extension field F(p(m)) are also reduced to those in a proper subfield by the norm computations. Those reductions of the field degree increase efficiency in the SQRT implementation. The Tonelli-Shanks algorithm and the proposed algorithm in F(p(6)) and F(p(10)) were implemented on a Core2 (2.66 GHz) using the C++ programming language. The computer simulations showed that, on average, the proposed algorithm accelerated the SQRT computation by 6 times in F(p(6)), and by 10 times in F(p(10)), compared to the Tonelli-Shanks algorithm. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KatoHidehiro en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Hidehiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NogamiYasuyuki en-aut-sei=Nogami en-aut-mei=Yasuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorikawaYoshitaka en-aut-sei=Morikawa en-aut-mei=Yoshitaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=86 cd-vols= no-issue=3-4 article-no= start-page=117 end-page=125 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1974 dt-pub=19740430 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on Comparison of Lipid Metabolism in Whole Blood Cells and Liver Part Ⅱ. The Effect of Chronic Carbon Tetrachloride Intoxication on Lipid Metabolism kn-title=血液細胞と肝の脂質代謝の比較に関する実験的研究 第2編 慢性四塩化炭素中毒による検討 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In order to investigate the relationships between whole blood cells and liver slices on lipid metabolism in chronic CCl(4) intoxicated rats, the author studied in vitro incorporation of (14)C-acetate Na into gross lipid fracitons, major lipid fractions and total fatty acids. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1) (14)C incorporation by liver slices into total lipids, unsaponifiable lipids and total fatty acids was markedly increased at 2 weeks, but at 12 weeks it was not so much increased except for total fatty acids than controls. On the other hand, (14)C incorporation by whole blood cells into each of them was similar to that obseved with controls at 2 weeks, while it was slightly decreased at 12 weeks. 2) Not only in acute CCl(4), intoxication but also in the chronic stage, as mentioned in Part I, it is considered that fatty liver would be caused by enhancement of TG and NEFA synthesis in liver, and at the same time lipid metabolism in whole blood cells would contribute to fatty liver. 3) An increae of percent (14)C incorporation by liver slices into fatty acid group 14:0+16:0, namely an increased acitivity of malonyl CoA pathway was observed at 2 weeks as well as at 12 weeks while whole blood cells incorporated relatively more radioactivity into fatty acid group 14:0+16:0 at 2 weeks, but at 12 weeks the percent radioactivity in oleic, 20 carbons' and more longer chains' fatty acids, derived from mitochondrial pathway, showed a significant relative increase. 4) As mentioned in Parts I and Ⅱ, lipid metabolism in liver slices was influenced strikingly following administration of CCl(4), but that in whole blood cells showed few differences between CCl(4) administered rats and controls. It may be possible to conclude from these results that whole blood cells would contribute to maintain the homeostasis of lipid metabolism in vivo. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KawauchiMitsuo en-aut-sei=Kawauchi en-aut-mei=Mitsuo kn-aut-name=河内光男 kn-aut-sei=河内 kn-aut-mei=光男 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第二内科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=86 cd-vols= no-issue=3-4 article-no= start-page=107 end-page=115 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1974 dt-pub=19740430 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on Comparison of Lipid Metabolism in Whole Blood Cells and Liver Part I. The Effect of Acute Carbon Tetrachloride Intoxication on Lipid Metabolism kn-title=血液細胞と肝の脂質代謝の比較に関する実験的研究 第1編 急性四塩化炭素中毒による検討 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The present study was designed to investigate some role of whole blood cells in lipid metabolism compared to that of liver in acute carbon tetrachloride intoxicated rats. In order to determine this, in vitro incorporation of (14)C-acetate Na into gross lipid fractions, major lipid fractions and total fatty acids was studied. The experimental animals employed were male Wistar rats, which were subjected to subcutaneous injection of 50% CCl4 in olive oil, 0.2ml/100gm. of body weight. Animals were sacrificed at time intervals of 4 and 48 hours following treatment. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1) (14)C incorporation by liver slices into total lipids, unsaponifiable lipids and total fatty acids was markedly decreased at 4 hours, but at 48 hours it was strikingly increased in accordance with liver cell regeneration. On the other hand, (14)C incorporation by whole blood cells into each of them showed a trend toward an increase at 4 hours, although there were few differences between carbon tetrachloride administered rats and controls at 48 hours. 2) Percent (14)C incorporation by liver slices into TG and NEFA increased significantly following CCl(4) treatment, while whole blood cells incorporated relatvely more radioactivity into NEFA than that of controls. Consequently it is considered that fatty liver would be caused by enhancement of TG and NEFA synthesis in liver, and at the same time lipid metabolism in whole blood cells would contribute to fatty liver. 3) In acute CCl(4) intoxication of rats, a decrease of percent (14)C incorporation by liver slices into fatty acid group 14:0+16:0, namely the decreased activity of malonyl CoA pathway was observed, while that into 20 carbons and more longer chains, fatty acids, formed via mitochondrial pathway, showed a significant relative increase; the results being similar to those observed with whole blood cells. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KawauchiMitsuo en-aut-sei=Kawauchi en-aut-mei=Mitsuo kn-aut-name=河内光男 kn-aut-sei=河内 kn-aut-mei=光男 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第二内科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=86 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=87 end-page=93 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1974 dt-pub=19740228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Clinical studies on the pattern of urinary protein excretion of college student discovered proteinuria by periodical examination kn-title=定期健康診断における尿蛋白陽性者の尿蛋白排泄patternによる検討 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Sixty-eight of Okayama university students who discovered by periodical examination was investigated by five urine specimen method, and classified in nine groups by the pattern of proteinuria. Simultaneously, past history, urinary sediment, hematocrit, PSP, Urea-N and total serum protein was investigated and comparative studies among each group was studied. Percentage of positive proteinuria discovered by two urine specimen examination (before bed and early morning) and three urine specimen examination (on arrival, one hour rest and two hours rest) was not coincided, so these results suggest the more urine examination make the better discovery of proteinuria, because intermitent proteinuria was 27.4% who showed negative urinary protein on the examined day. Type of urinary protein excretion pattern was classified as follows; proteinuria was negative both at before bed and in the early morning (a), positive urinary protein at before bed and negative in the early morning (b), urinary protein showed positive both at before bed and in the early morning (c): proteinuria was negative on arrival at health service center, after one hour rest, and after two hours rest, intermitent type (A), urinary protein changed from positive to negative by rest, positional type (B), and always positive urinary protein, persistent type (C). Nine groups was made by the combination of these types. Ditribution of groups was 27.9% (a-A group), 17.6% (b-B group), 14.7% (c-C group) and 0% (a-C group). Incidence of red blood cell in the urinary sediment in each group was under five red blood cell count in one high power field in negative group, and microhematuria was found in five of ten cases of persistent type and three of them showed over six blood cell count in one high power fieldIncidence of renal diseases in past hisotry decreased in the order of persistent type, positional type and intermitent type of proteinuria. High ASLO titer was found in over half cases of positional type and ASLO titer & proteinuria was decreased after administration of antibiotics (Sigmamicin). Possibility of infection influenced on the proteinuria of positional type was suspected. Results of PSP, Urea-N, Cholesterol, total protein and A/G ratio were in normal range and no signifficant difference among each group. Histological findings by renal biopsy from three cases of persistent type elucidated the presence of renal diseases. According to the results, examination of five urine specimen, past history, urinary sediment (red blood cell count) and ASLO was the important items of the examination of proteinuria discoverd by perioidical examination of college student. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HirohataMamoru en-aut-sei=Hirohata en-aut-mei=Mamoru kn-aut-name=広畑衛 kn-aut-sei=広畑 kn-aut-mei=衛 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeYutaka en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Yutaka kn-aut-name=渡部寛 kn-aut-sei=渡部 kn-aut-mei=寛 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyoshiKanji en-aut-sei=Miyoshi en-aut-mei=Kanji kn-aut-name=三好莞爾 kn-aut-sei=三好 kn-aut-mei=莞爾 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiharaTakao en-aut-sei=Nishihara en-aut-mei=Takao kn-aut-name=西原孝雄 kn-aut-sei=西原 kn-aut-mei=孝雄 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SeoKenji en-aut-sei=Seo en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=瀬尾憲司 kn-aut-sei=瀬尾 kn-aut-mei=憲司 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KondoTadasuke en-aut-sei=Kondo en-aut-mei=Tadasuke kn-aut-name=近藤忠亮 kn-aut-sei=近藤 kn-aut-mei=忠亮 aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamabukiTakahiro en-aut-sei=Yamabuki en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name=山吹隆寛 kn-aut-sei=山吹 kn-aut-mei=隆寛 aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakanoTosio en-aut-sei=Takano en-aut-mei=Tosio kn-aut-name=高野俊男 kn-aut-sei=高野 kn-aut-mei=俊男 aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科学教室 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科学教室 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科学教室 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科学教室 affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科学教室 affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科学教室 affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学保健管理センター affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学保健管理センター END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=88 cd-vols= no-issue=9-10 article-no= start-page=853 end-page=888 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1976 dt-pub=19761030 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies of Japanese cases with cerebral basal rete mirabile (moyamoya disease) clinical, angiographical and pathological investigations. kn-title=脳底部異常血管網症の本邦人症例の研究 脳血管写所見の検討ならびに病理学的検討を中心として en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=It has become evident from reports by neurosurgeons, neuroradiologists and pediatricians that the syndromes of transient hemiplegia or convulsions in children (under 16 years of age) and subarachnoid hemorrhage or hemiplegia in adults occur with a particularly high frequency in Japan. Angiographic findings in these patients revealed marked stenosis or obstruction at the terminal portion of bilateral internal carotid artery (most of the cases showed C(1) obstruction) and bilateral arterial vascular networks at the base of the brain. The syndrome was given the name "cerebral basal rete mirabile" by the Japanese and is also variously called moyamoya disease or cerebral arterial rete. Our clinic has experienced thirty-three cases of this disease during the past 12 years (1963~1974). Thirty of these cases (18 adults: 11 males, 7 females and 12 children: 4 males, 8 females) are presented with discussions of the symptoms, clinical course and angiographic findings. Bilateral carotid angiograms were performed in each case. In one particular juvenile case, angiography performed on three different occasions revealed marked changes and these six films are presented for discussion. In sum total, therefore, 36 carotid angiograms from 18 adult cases and 28 from 12 juvenile cases have been discussed. Each angiogram was discussed in terms of grade of narrowing throughout the internal carotid artery, filling of the ophthalmic and posterior communicating arteries, development of the cerebral basal rete mirabile, visualization of the anterior, middle and posterior cerebral arterial regions and development of the leptomeningeal anastomoses. Narrowing was classified into three groups: none, moderate and marked. Filling of the ophthalmic artery and its branches was classified as mild (+), moderate (++) or marked (+++), as was filling in the posterior communicating artery. Development of the cerebral basal rete mirabile and visualization of the anterior, middle and posterior cerebral arterial regions were both reported as good (+++), fair (++) or poor (+). 1) Moderate or marked narrowing throughout the internal carotid arteries was observed in 40% of adult angiograms and 45% of juvenile angiograms. 2) In 9 cases out of 18 adult cases and 9 cases out of 12 juvenile cases, bilateral internal carotid arteries showed almost equal size throughout. 3) The time intervals from the onset of symptoms to angiography examinations showed no statistical correltion to the grade of narrowing of the internal carotid arteries. 4) The collateral circulation to the frontal lobe or frontal base via the medical frontal artery, supra-orbital artery or anterior and posterior ethomoidal artery originating from the ophthalmic artery were detected in 34 out of 64 carotid angiograms (53%). 5) The posterior communicating artery was visible in 53% of adult carotid angiograms and 61% of juvenile carotid angiograms. 6) Leptomeningeal anastomoses were often observed. The most frequently detected leptomeningeal anastomosis originated from the posterior cerebral artery to the middle cerebral artery. The second most frequently detected anastomosis was from the posterior cerebral artery to the anterior cerebral artery. These leptomeningeal anastomoses were detected in the distal regions of the R. splenii, posterior temporal and parietooccipital arteries. Anastomosis from the middle cerebral artery to the posterior cerebral artery was seldom visible. 7) Well developed cerebral basal rete mirabile were more often detected in children, while the poorly developed predominated in adults. 8) 80% of the cases showed almost symmetrical development of cerebral basal rete mirabile. The branching of small vessels forming the cerebral basal rete mirabile or obstruction level of the internal carotid artery was not always symmetrical. This author developed the "visualization index" of internal carotid angiograms. The grade was converted into numbers, namely, - to 0, + to 1, ++ to 2 and +++ to 3. The index was the sum of these numbers depicting the grade of filling of the ophthalmic and posterior communicating arteries, development of cerebral basal rete mirabile, and visualization of anterior, middle and posterior cerebral arteries. 9) The mean visualization index of internal carotid artery of "no narrowing" group was 10.1±1.7 in adult angiograms and 10.4±1.6 in juvenile angiograms. In the moderate narrowing group, 5.9±1.8 in adults and 7.1±1.2 in children and in the marked narrowing group, 2.3±1.2 in adults and 2.5±1.5 in children. These results showed that the narrowing of internal carotid artery closely correlated to the "visualization index" of internal carotid artery. The author reviewed 518 cases of moyamoya disease by personal inquiry to the main neurosurgical, neurological and pediatric clinics in Japan. 10) Sex and age distribution of these 518 cases were as follows. Among these 518 cases, angiographic follow-up was carried out in 68 cases (time interval of follow-up angiography was more than six months). The angiographic changes were classified in three groups, major change, minor change and no change. 11) 8 juvenile cases (male 4 cases, female 4 cases) showed major change. 4 cases became typical moyamoya disease after normal angiograms. 3 cases showed dramatic changed of angiography. Only one case developed typical moyamoya disease with unilateral changes at angiography. 12) 6 juvenile cases (male 3 cases, female 3 cases) and 9 adult cases (male 3 cases, female 6 cases) showed minor changes such as development of collateral pathways via leptomeningeal anastomosis or rete mirabile anastomosis. These minor changes were not typical changes in this disease, because they were often detected in cases with main arterial obstruction of the central nervous system. 13) In short, only 8 cases showed true angiographic changes in 68 cases and these 8 cases were 12% of total cases and 27% of juvenile cases. The author collected 15 autopsy cases from literature in Japan and has personal experience of two others. These 17 cases comprised three juvenile cases (female, 3 cases) and 14 adult case (male, 6 cases, female, 8 cases). Pathological findings of the terminal portion of internal carotid artery and main trunk of anterior and middle cerebral artery were mainly discussed. 14) All cases showed marked thickening of the intima at the terminal portion of the internal carotid artery (C(1)). 13 cases out of 17 cases showed eccentric, stratified thickening of the intima, splitting of the internal elastic lamina and partial thinning of the media. 15) The main trunk of the anterior and middle cerebral arteries (A(1) A(2), M(1) M(2)) showed concentric edematous thickning of the intima, tortuous configuration of the internal elastic lamina and thinning of the media in 13 out of 17 cases. 16) From these pathological findings, it seemed to us that the thickening of the intima at the internal carotid artery and the main trunk of anterior and middle cerebral arteries was of different etiology. 17) The atheromatous changes in the intima were detected in only one juvenile case and 4 adult cases. These cases with atheromatous changes were only one third of the autopsied cases and it was clear that atheromatous change of intima was not the main cause of this disease. 18) Histologically, the abnormal vascular networks showed thin, tortuous walls with irregular dilated lumens and it was very difficult to classify them categorically as venous or arteriolar. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MizukawaNorihiko en-aut-sei=Mizukawa en-aut-mei=Norihiko kn-aut-name=水川典彦 kn-aut-sei=水川 kn-aut-mei=典彦 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学脳神経外科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=88 cd-vols= no-issue=5-6 article-no= start-page=345 end-page=354 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1976 dt-pub=19760630 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on lipid metabolism in blood cells Part Ⅱ. Lipid metabolism in bone marrow cells in vitro kn-title=血液細胞の脂質代謝に関する研究 第一編 phenyl-hydrazine処理家兎血球の脂質代謝(赤血球系細胞を中心に) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The present study was designed to investigate the lipid metabolism in bone marrow and peripheral blood cells. The author studied the in-vitro incorporation of (14)C-acetate Na into gross lipid fraction, major lipid fractions and fatty acids. Results were as follows. 1) The (14)C incorporation into the total lipid was markedly increased in bone marrow cells and whole blood cells of anemic rabbits. On the other hand, in Lanolin induced hyperlipemia, it was significantly decreased than in control, young or old. They were slightly increased but there were no differences among them. 2) After 4 hours' incubation of bone marrow or whole blood cells with (14)C-acetate in vitro, the percentage of the radioactivity recovered in diglyceride and free cholesterol was significantly increased in anemic rabbits, but in hyperlipemia decreased compared with control. 3) In hyperlipimia, the decrease of percent (14)C incorporation by bone marrow cells into fatty acid group 14:0+16:0 was supposed to be derived from the decreased activity of malonyl CoA pathway, while that into 20 Carbon and more longer chain fatty acid, formed via mitochondrial pathway, showed a significant relative increase. On the contrary, in young and old, especially in anemia, the increased activity of malonyl CoA pathway was observed in bone marrow cells but the decreased of mitochondrial pathway; the same result was obtained in peripheral whole blood cells, too. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShimizuYoshito en-aut-sei=Shimizu en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name=清水能人 kn-aut-sei=清水 kn-aut-mei=能人 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第二内科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=87 cd-vols= no-issue=5-6 article-no= start-page=359 end-page=372 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1975 dt-pub=19750630 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and Left Axis Deviation in Ecg. (Study on Vectorcardiograms Recorded with Frank's system) kn-title=左室肥大心電図（収縮期負荷）と左軸偏位（Frank法ベクトル心電図による検討） en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=It is usually considered that isolated left ventricular hypertrophy is not responsible for marked left axis deviation, and it is associated with left anterior fascicular block. From this point of view, morphological features were studied on the vectorcardiograms recorded with the Frank's system in 63 cases. They had diseases producing systolic overload on left ventricle (mainly essential hypertension) revealed out left ventricular hypertrophy in Ecg findings. They were divided into three groups based on electrical QRS axis as follows: (ⅰ) NAD group consisted with +90°～0°. (ⅱ) LAD' group consisted with 0°～-30°. (ⅲ) LAD group consisted with -30°～-90°. The patterns of QRS Loop classified into 5 types in horizontal plane (N(Ⅰ, Ⅱ), L(Ⅰ-Ⅲ)) and 4 types in frontal plane (A～D). In horizontal plane, 75% of NAD group showed type N(Ⅰ), or N(Ⅱ), and type L(Ⅰ), or L(Ⅱ) occupied in 75% of LAD group. In frontal plane, a half of LAD belonged to type D and type A was less than 10% in LAD, compared that type A was observed in 85% of NAD. Left ventriular hypertrophy with marked left axis deviation was classified into three types on the base of QRS loop as follows: the terminal portion of QRS loop directed superiorly to the left (type B) and superiorly to the right (type C), and the majority of QRS loop located to leftward and superiorly (type D). It was considered that the electrical force caused by hypertrophied left ventricle directed more posteriorly and to the left in type B, and type D was the pattern added to type B with the delayed excitation in antero-lateral wall of left ventricle caused by left anterior fascicular block. On the other hand, it was considered that the majority of type C, showing type N(Ⅱ), was the resultant of the delayed excitation in postern-basal portion of ventricles and was not closely related with left ventricular hypertrophy or left anterior fascicular block. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MaeshimaKuniko en-aut-sei=Maeshima en-aut-mei=Kuniko kn-aut-name=前島邦子 kn-aut-sei=前島 kn-aut-mei=邦子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaitoDaiji en-aut-sei=Saito en-aut-mei=Daiji kn-aut-name=斉藤大治 kn-aut-sei=斉藤 kn-aut-mei=大治 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujitaTakashi en-aut-sei=Fujita en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name=藤田興 kn-aut-sei=藤田 kn-aut-mei=興 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HisamatsuMitsuo en-aut-sei=Hisamatsu en-aut-mei=Mitsuo kn-aut-name=久松三生 kn-aut-sei=久松 kn-aut-mei=三生 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaraokaShoichi en-aut-sei=Haraoka en-aut-mei=Shoichi kn-aut-name=原岡昭一 kn-aut-sei=原岡 kn-aut-mei=昭一 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科教室 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科教室 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科教室 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科教室 affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部附属病院中央検査部 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=96 cd-vols= no-issue=5-6 article-no= start-page=601 end-page=614 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1984 dt-pub=19840430 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=A study of the pituitary prolactin reserve in normal children kn-title=小児期のprolactin分泌予備能に関する研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=In order to assess the change in the pituitary prolactin (PRL) reserve during development, serum prolactin response to TRH and serum LH response to LH-RH were studied in 247 normal children aged from 1 to 18years. The basal PRL level, of which the geometric mean (-1SD and +1SD) was 7.1 (4.6-11.0) ng/ml, was not affected by bone age or sex. The maximum increment in serum PRL above the baseline level (max.⊿PRL) correlated well both with the integrated secretion of PRL (p<0.001) and with the serum PRL releasing value per minute computed from the mathematical model of Okuno et al. (1977): C=α/β-α•Q(0)/V(e-αt-e-βt)+C(0e)-βt[α: rate constant for PRL release, β: rate constant for PRL elimination, Q(0)/V: serum PRL releasing value per minute]. Hence, max. ⊿PRL can serve as a reliable index of the pituitary PRL reserve. The max. ⊿PRL increased with advancing age until early puberty in both sexes. Thereafter, however, the max. ⊿PRL decreased in doys, while it continued to increase in girls. In parallel with the increase in max. ⊿PRL, the pituitary LH reserve increased with advancing age until early puberty in boys and until late puberty in girls. In each of the individuals, studied, the rise in the LH reserve always preceded that in the PRL reserve. It seemed likely that in prepubertal children the pituitary PRL reserve was modulated by LH-RH, but aftre puberty by testosterone and estrogen as well. kn-abstract=下垂体prolactin(以下PRLと略す)は魚類からヒトにいたるまで,広くみとめられる系統発生学的に古いホルモンであり,その生理作用として魚類での電解質代謝,滲透圧調節,両生類での変態促進,爬虫類での成長促進,鳥類でのチーズ様嗉嚢乳の形成,哺乳類での乳腺発育などが知られている1).ヒトではPRLと成長ホルモンとの分離が困難であったが,1972年,Friesenら2)により初めてPRLが抽出純化され,その測定法としてradioimmunoassay法が確立された.以来ヒトにおけるPRLの作用機序に関する多数の研究が報告され, PRLには乳汁分泌作用の他に,性腺機能維持あるいは胎児肺の成熟促進作用3)などもあることが次第に解明されてきた.また,成人ではthyrotropin releasing hormone(以下TRHと略す)負荷によるPRLの分泌反応に関する多数の研究が報告され,性腺機能障害の診断のみならず,視床下部一下垂体系の障害部位の診断にも応用されるようになった(4)).一方,小児科学領域では,PRLの作用機序に関して,詳細な研究は,いまだ報告されておらず,PRLの成長あるいは性成熟などに及ぼす生理的意義についても不明の点が多い.本研究では,小児期におけるPRLの基礎値とTRH負荷による下垂体のPRL分泌予備能とを測定し,またこれと平行してluteinizing hormone releasing hormone(以下LH-RHと略す)の負荷による下垂体のluteinizing hormone(以下LHと略す)分泌予備能を測定し,小児の発育および思春期の性成熟に対するPRLの分泌動態について検討した. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ArakiKumiko en-aut-sei=Araki en-aut-mei=Kumiko kn-aut-name=荒木久美子 kn-aut-sei=荒木 kn-aut-mei=久美子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部小児科学教室 en-keyword=prolactin 分泌予備能 kn-keyword=prolactin 分泌予備能 en-keyword=TRH, LH-RH 負荷試験 kn-keyword=TRH, LH-RH 負荷試験 en-keyword=性成熟 kn-keyword=性成熟 en-keyword=骨年令 kn-keyword=骨年令 en-keyword=luteinizing hormone kn-keyword=luteinizing hormone END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=96 cd-vols= no-issue=3-4 article-no= start-page=411 end-page=420 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1984 dt-pub=19840430 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Analysis of serum thyrotropin dynamics after TRH stimulation in normal children kn-title=小児のTRH負荷試験におけるthyroid stimulating hormoneの分泌動態の解析 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In order to establish the quantitative parameters indicating serum thyrotropin dynamics after TRH stimulation, we measured the maximum incremants in TSH above the baseline level (max. ⊿TSH), the percentage ratio of the TSH level at 30 min to that at 15 min (R 30/15) and the percentage ratio of the TSH level at 120 min to that at 30 min (R 120/30) in 145 normal children. The geometric means (-2SD and+2SD) of max. ⊿TSH, R 30/15 and R 120/30 were 11.2% (3.9 to 32.5) uU/ml, 101.1% (75.9 to 134.7) and 38.9% (25.8 to 58.5), respectively. The values were compared with those of variables computed from the mathema- tical model of Okuno et al. (1977), i.e., C=(a/(β-α))•(Q(0)/V)(e(-αt)-e(-βt)＋Coe(-βt)where α=the rate constant for TSH release, β=the rate constant for TSH elimination, and Q(0)/V=the serum TSH releasing value per minute. Highly significant correlations were found between max. ⊿TSH and Q(0)/V (p<0.001), between R 30/15 and α (p<0.001) and between R 120/30 and β (p<0.001). The values of max. ⊿TSH also correlated well with the integrated secretion of TSH (p<0.001). These results suggest that our three parameters are more practical and useful indicators of serum TSH dynamics after TRH stimulation than the cumbersome mathematical model of Okuno et al. (1977), facilitating the detection of mild delayed TSH response. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ArakiKumiko en-aut-sei=Araki en-aut-mei=Kumiko kn-aut-name=荒木久美子 kn-aut-sei=荒木 kn-aut-mei=久美子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiguchiJouji en-aut-sei=Higuchi en-aut-mei=Jouji kn-aut-name=樋口譲二 kn-aut-sei=樋口 kn-aut-mei=譲二 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanzakiSusumu en-aut-sei=Kanzaki en-aut-mei=Susumu kn-aut-name=神崎晋 kn-aut-sei=神崎 kn-aut-mei=晋 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatayamaMasahiro en-aut-sei=Katayama en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name=片山雅博 kn-aut-sei=片山 kn-aut-mei=雅博 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HimotoYuusuke en-aut-sei=Himoto en-aut-mei=Yuusuke kn-aut-name=樋本裕介 kn-aut-sei=樋本 kn-aut-mei=裕介 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=UchidaYoshiyuki en-aut-sei=Uchida en-aut-mei=Yoshiyuki kn-aut-name=内田良幸 kn-aut-sei=内田 kn-aut-mei=良幸 aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=OguraTakeo en-aut-sei=Ogura en-aut-mei=Takeo kn-aut-name=小倉威郎 kn-aut-sei=小倉 kn-aut-mei=威郎 aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujitaChiharu en-aut-sei=Fujita en-aut-mei=Chiharu kn-aut-name=藤田千春 kn-aut-sei=藤田 kn-aut-mei=千春 aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimotoHiroshi en-aut-sei=Kimoto en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=木本浩 kn-aut-sei=木本 kn-aut-mei=浩 aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部小児科学教室 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部小児科学教室 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部小児科学教室 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部小児科学教室 affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部小児科学教室 affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部小児科学教室 affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部小児科学教室 affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部小児科学教室 affil-num=9 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部小児科学教室 en-keyword=TRH 負荷試験 kn-keyword=TRH 負荷試験 en-keyword=TSH kn-keyword=TSH en-keyword=分泌動態解析 kn-keyword=分泌動態解析 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=95 cd-vols= no-issue=9-10 article-no= start-page=913 end-page=927 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1983 dt-pub=19831030 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=STUDIES ON THE LONG-TERM SURVIVORS IN CHRONIC MYELOGENOUS LEUKFMIA AND THE CHEMOTHERAPY OF ITS BLASTIC PHASE Part 2 Studies on the Chemotherapy of Blastic Phase of CML kn-title=慢性骨髄性白血病の長期生存例ならびに急性転化時の治療に関する研究 第2編 慢性骨髄性白血病急性転化時の治療に関する研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=To improve the effect of chemotherapy of chronic myelogenous leukemic(CML) in blastic phase, the following clinical analysis were conducted. 1) The present study consisted of 53 adult patients with CML, who were registered to the 2nd Department of Medicine, Okayama University Hospital and diagnosed as blastic phase between from January 1970 to March 1980. There were 29 males and 24 females, and age ranged from 15 to 77 years (median: 41). 2) These 53 patients were divided into 4 groups. i) Group I-A (5 cases) was diagnosed as blastic crisis(BC) with hiatus leukemicus(HL) and initially treated with multicombination chemotherapy such as NCD, DMP or NCDP regimens (N: Neocarzinostatin, C: Cytosine arabinoside, D: Daunorubicin, M; 6-Mercaptopurine, P: Prednisolone). ii) Group I-B (16 cases) was diagnosed as BC with HL and initially treated with VP or VPM regimens (V: Vincristine, P: Prednisolone, M: 6-Mercaptopurine). iii) Group II-A (11 cases) was early diagnosed as BC without HL according to our established criteria, and initially treated with multicombination chemotherapy such as NCMP, DCMP, NDMP, NCDP or NCDVP. and, iv) Group II-B (21 cases) was early diagnosed as BC without HL and initially treated with VP, MP, or VPM. 3) Complete remission(CR) rate of each group was 20.0% in Group I-A, 56.2% in Group I-B, 27.3% in Group II-A and 47.6% in Group II-B. 4) Median survival and its surviving ranges after BC of each group were 3.6 months (1.8-4.5), 6.7 (1.0-24.2), 6.0 (2.6-22.8) and 13.0 (4.1-43.5). Median survival of CR-responders was 3.6, 10.0, 8.7 and 17.0 months, respectively. 5) The rate of one-year survivors of each group was 0%, 31.3% 9.1% and 52.4%. 6) In conclusion, the most ideal approach to prolongation of the survival period of CML patients after entering BC is i) to diagnose BC as early and accurate as possible, and ii) to treat these patients initially with rather mild regimens such as VP or VPM, instead of aggressive regimens with multicombination drugs. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KitagawaNakayuki en-aut-sei=Kitagawa en-aut-mei=Nakayuki kn-aut-name=北川中行 kn-aut-sei=北川 kn-aut-mei=中行 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第2内科教室 en-keyword=慢性骨髄性白血病 kn-keyword=慢性骨髄性白血病 en-keyword=急性転化 kn-keyword=急性転化 en-keyword=早期診断・早期治療 kn-keyword=早期診断・早期治療 en-keyword=V(M)P療法 kn-keyword=V(M)P療法 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=97 cd-vols= no-issue=7-8 article-no= start-page=749 end-page=759 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1985 dt-pub=19850830 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Properties of pigments produced by S.epidermidis kn-title=Staphylococcus epidermidis色素産生株の色素の性状について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The major pigment isolated from S.epidermidis cells grown at 37℃ was analyzed by various physicochemical methods. The chemical structure was presumed to be glucopyranosyl-1-0-(4,4'-diapo-7',8',11',12'-tetrahydrolycopen-4-oate)-6-0-(2-methyl butanoate). The effect of growth temperature on the production of pigments was studied by HPLC. Cells grown at 25℃ had a different C(30)-carotenoid as the major pigment from cells grown at 37℃. Cells grown at 42℃ had a pigment which was not a carotenoid. By shifting the culture temperature from 37℃ to 25℃ or 42℃, the composition of the pigments did not change, but the amount of pigments increased in the case of a shift to 25℃. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OgoKazuteru en-aut-sei=Ogo en-aut-mei=Kazuteru kn-aut-name=小合一輝 kn-aut-sei=小合 kn-aut-mei=一輝 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部細菌学教室 en-keyword=S. epidermidis kn-keyword=S. epidermidis en-keyword=Carotenoid kn-keyword=Carotenoid en-keyword=Pigment kn-keyword=Pigment en-keyword=Lipid composition kn-keyword=Lipid composition en-keyword=HPLC kn-keyword=HPLC END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=97 end-page=105 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1983 dt-pub=19830225 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Preparation and Dielectric Properties of [Ba,Sr]TiO(3)-Al(2)O(3)-SiO(2) Glass-Ceramics en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A series of ferroelectric glass-ceramics was elaborated by the controlled growth of Ba(1-x)Sr(x)TiO(3) crystal particles in the glass system 60[Ba(1-y)Sr(y)]TiO(3)-10Al(2)O(3)-30SiO(2)(0≦y≦0.2) in molar basis. Analysis of crystal phases by X-ray diffraction revealed that Sr content in Ba(1-x)Sr(x)TiO(3) increased with increasing content of SrO in glasses by its preferential transfer into the crystal phase, and the appropriate temperature for the crystal growth was 1100°C. Curie temperatures of glass -ceramics shifted to lower temperature with increasing SrO content in the crystal and comparatively high dielectric constant was obtained at room temperature for a glass-ceramics with y=0.2. Frequency dependences of dielectric constant and loss tangent were examined in the frequency range from 1 K to 1 M Hz. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=OdaKiichi kn-aut-sei=Oda kn-aut-mei=Kiichi aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=YoshioTetsuo kn-aut-sei=Yoshio kn-aut-mei=Tetsuo aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=O-okaKazuo kn-aut-sei=O-oka kn-aut-mei=Kazuo aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Research Institute for Non-Crystalline Materials affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Research Institute for Non-Crystalline Materials affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Research Institute for Non-Crystalline Materials END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=111 end-page=121 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1980 dt-pub=19801129 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Improved Method for the Flow Injection Analysis of Chemical Oxygen Demand Using Silver Nitrate en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=On the flow injection analysis (FIA) of chemical oxygen demand (COD), silver salt was added as an oxidation catalyst for COD substances and a masking agent for halide to improve operating conditions of the FIA apparatus. Both of a proper concentration of potassium permanganate solution and 6.0 % sulfuric acid solution containing 0.1 % silver nitrate are individually pumped up with respective flow rates of 0.51 ml min(-l) and merged into a carrier stream. A 20 μ1 of sample solution is injected into the flow of sulfuric acid solution at just before the merging place. The sample mixed with the carrier solutions in a reaction manifol(polytetrafluoroethylene tubing: 0.5 mm i.d. x 30 m), is passed through a thermostated bath at 100 °c and led to a flow cell for the absorbance measurements at 525 nm. The absorbances are continuously recorded with time. The peaks in the recordings showed good reproducibility and the calibration obtained at a linear concentration range of 0 - 170 mg 1(-1) COD with glucose as standard. The detection limit and precision confirmed with this method were 5 mg 1(-1) and 0.8 %, respectively. Chloride ion up to 200 mg 1(-1) did not interfere without elimination of a silver chloride precipitate. By the present FIA method, several industrial waste water samples were analyzed at a sampling rate of about 40 samples per hour, and their apparent COD values were compared with those found by the manual JIS method. Both of the methods gave the similar results within an error range from -35 to +5 %. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KorenagaTakashi kn-aut-sei=Korenaga kn-aut-mei=Takashi aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=IkatsuHisayoshi kn-aut-sei=Ikatsu kn-aut-mei=Hisayoshi aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MoriwakeTosio kn-aut-sei=Moriwake kn-aut-mei=Tosio aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TakahashiTeruo kn-aut-sei=Takahashi kn-aut-mei=Teruo aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Center for Environmetal Conservation Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Center for Environmetal Conservation Technology, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Synthetics Chemistry affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Chemistry END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=6 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=47 end-page=52 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1971 dt-pub=19710901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Solubility of Sulphur in a Cadmium Borate Glass and SomeProperties of the Sulphur Containing Glasses en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The glass forming limit by substitution of CdS for CdO in a CdO-B(2)0(3) glass was determined by chemical analysis. When x CdS-(60-x)CdO-40B(2)0(3) nominal mixtures in weight ratio were heated at 1100°C in flowing nitrogen gas for 1/2 hour, about 40~50% of mixed CdS and 10-15% of the mixed CdS were evaporated. The limit of nominal composition for glass forming was 10CdS-50CdO-40B(2)0(3) and the corresponding virtual composition after the above heat treatment was found to be 4.9CdS-46.4CdO-48.7B(2)O(3). Further addition of CdS made the melt devitrefied with CdS precipitation. D.C. conductivity measurements revealed that the current density was not linear with respect to the applied voltage, but the resistivity ranged around 10(12)Ω･cm for 4.1CdS-48.8CdO-47.1B(2)O(3) (virtual composition) glass and around 10(11.5)Ω·cm for 4.9CdS-46.4CdO-48.7B(2)O(3) glass. These sulphur containing glasses did not show photoconduction, although CdS-precipitated materials showed slight photoconductivity when disposed in ultra violet radiation. Apparent dielectric constant and tan 8 were also measured as a function of frequency, revealing a moderate dispersion in the CdS-precipitated glasses. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TakahashiKatsuaki kn-aut-sei=Takahashi kn-aut-mei=Katsuaki aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=GotoYasumasa kn-aut-sei=Goto kn-aut-mei=Yasumasa aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Chemistry affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Chemistry END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=63 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=142 end-page=147 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1992 dt-pub=199206 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=気管支喘息の発症における加齢の影響について kn-title=Effect of aging on onset mechanism of bronchial asthma en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=気管支喘息の発症機序の一つとして,IgE抗体にmediateされる即時型アレルギー反応や好塩基球の反応性の関与が明らかにされている｡本論文では,即時型アレルギー反応や抗ヒトIgEや特異抗原に対する好塩基球の反応性が加齢によりどのような影響を受けるかについて検討を加えた｡ハウスダスト,ブタクサ,アスペルギルス,アルテルナリア,クラドスポリウム,ブロンカスマ などによる皮内反応の陽性率は,加齢とともに低下する傾向を示した｡一方カンジダによる皮内反応の陽性率は,41～50歳および61歳以上の年齢層で高度であった｡血清IgE値は加齢とともに低下する傾向がみられた｡ハウスダスト特異的IgE抗体,吸入誘発試験の陽性率は,加齢とともに低下する傾向を示した｡一方カンジダでは特異的IgE抗体,吸入誘発試験いずれも41～50歳および61歳以上の年齢層で比較的高い陽性率が観察された｡抗ヒトIgEに対する好塩基球の反応性は,血清IgEが高値(501IU/ml以上)の場合は年齢と関係なくIgE依存性であったが,血清IgE値の低い症例(301IU/ml以下)では年齢が高い群でその反応性が低い症例の比率が大きかった｡ハウスダストに対する好塩基球の反応性は,抗ヒトIgE同様年齢が高い群ほど反応性が低い症例の比率が大きかった｡カンジダに対する好塩基球の反応性は,41～50歳および61歳以上の年齢層の症例でより高度であった｡ kn-abstract=Skin tests, serum total IgE levels, specific IgE antibodies against each allergen, bronchial reactions provoked by allergens and histamine release from basophils are well known as prameters of immediate allergic reactions. The incidence of positive immediate skin reaction to allergens such as house dust, ragweed, Aspergillus Alternaria, Cladosporium and Broncasma decreased with aging. On the other hand, the incidence of positive skin reaction to Candida albicans was higher in cases between the age of 41 and 50 and cases over the age of 61 compared to that in the other groups classified by age. Serum IgE levels was highest in cases aged between 0 and 30. The levels of serum IgE decreased with aging. The incidence of positive RAST scores (more than 2+) and positive bronchial reaction to house dust were highest in cases between 0 and 30, and decreased with aging. However, the positive ratio of these tests against C. albicans were highest in cases between 41 and 50. The degree of histamine release from basophils of asthmatics induced by anti-IgE was consistently high without any correlation to aging when their serum IgE levels were more than 501 IU/ml. In the cases with serum IgE levels of less than 300 IU/ml, basophil reactivity to anti-IgE decreasd with aging. Basophil reactivity to house dust was generally dependent on the levels of specific IgE antibodies against the allergen. Although basophil reactivity to C. albicans was also high in cases with positive RAST scores, some cases with a RAST score of 0+ or 1+ showed high or moderate basophil reactivity. Moderate or high reactivity of basophils was frequently observed in cases between 41 and 50 and cases over age 61. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MitsunobuFumihiro en-aut-sei=Mitsunobu en-aut-mei=Fumihiro kn-aut-name=光延文裕 kn-aut-sei=光延 kn-aut-mei=文裕 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitaniHikaru en-aut-sei=Kitani en-aut-mei=Hikaru kn-aut-name=貴谷光 kn-aut-sei=貴谷 kn-aut-mei=光 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkazakiMorihiro en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Morihiro kn-aut-name=岡崎守宏 kn-aut-sei=岡崎 kn-aut-mei=守宏 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MifuneTakashi en-aut-sei=Mifune en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name=御舩尚志 kn-aut-sei=御舩 kn-aut-mei=尚志 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanizakiYoshiro en-aut-sei=Tanizaki en-aut-mei=Yoshiro kn-aut-name=谷崎勝朗 kn-aut-sei=谷崎 kn-aut-mei=勝朗 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部附属病院三朝分院内科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部附属病院三朝分院内科 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部附属病院三朝分院内科 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部附属病院三朝分院内科 affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部附属病院三朝分院内科 en-keyword=Skin test (皮内反応) kn-keyword=Skin test (皮内反応) en-keyword=IgE kn-keyword=IgE en-keyword=Provocation test (吸入誘発試験) kn-keyword=Provocation test (吸入誘発試験) en-keyword=Basophil reactivity (好塩基球の反応性) kn-keyword=Basophil reactivity (好塩基球の反応性) en-keyword=Aging (加齢) kn-keyword=Aging (加齢) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=64 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=116 end-page=124 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1993 dt-pub=199306 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Pathogenic significance of IgG and IgG(4) antibodies against Candida albicans in bronchial asthma kn-title=気管支喘息におけるカンジダ特異的IgGおよびIgG(4)抗体の病因的意義について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=Pathogenic significance of IgG and IgG(4) antibodies against Candida albicans was discussed in patients with bronchial asthma. An increased production of IgG and IgG(4) antibodies against Candida albicans has been observed in patients with atopic between the ages of 0 and 30, those with steroid-dependent intractable asthma between 31 and 61, and elderly patients over the age of 61. The mechanism of an increased production of IgG and IgG(4) antibodies seems to be related to atopy in patients between 0 and 30, long-term glucocorticoid therapy in those with steroid-dependent intractable asthma between 31 and 60, and aging in elderly patients over age 61. Atopy, glucocorticoid therapy and aging in general suppress cell-mediated immunity, and suppressed cell-mediated immunity increases growth of C. albicans in patient's body, leading to an increased production of IgG and IgG(4) antibodies against C. albicans. These results show that an increased production of IgG and IgG(4) antibodies against C. albicans is not always related to the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma. kn-abstract=カレジダ特異的IgG及びIgG(4)抗体が,気管支喘息の発症病態に関与しているかどうかについて検討を加えた。カンジダ特異的IgGおよびIgG(4)抗体は, 0-30才の年齢層の症例ではアトピー性素因の強い症例で,また,31-60才の年齢層の症例ではストロイド依存性重症難治性喘息症例で,さらに61才以上の高年令の症例で,その産生亢進が観察される｡これらの症例におけるIgG及びIgG(4)抗体産生は,0-30才の年齢ではアトピーとの関連で,また31-60才の年齢では副腎皮質ホルモンの長期投与と関連して,さらに61才以上の症例では加齢と関連して,細胞性免疫能が低下し,そのためカンジダの発育が促進され,その結果として,IgG及びIgG(4)抗体の産生亢進が見られることが明らかにされている｡すなわち,気管支喘息におけるカンジダに対するIgG系抗体の産生亢進は,cell-mediated immunityの低下と言う共通の基盤を有しており,病因的意義とは必ずしも関連していないことを述べた。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TanizakiYoshiro en-aut-sei=Tanizaki en-aut-mei=Yoshiro kn-aut-name=谷崎勝朗 kn-aut-sei=谷崎 kn-aut-mei=勝朗 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitaniHikaru en-aut-sei=Kitani en-aut-mei=Hikaru kn-aut-name=貴谷光 kn-aut-sei=貴谷 kn-aut-mei=光 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MifuneTakashi en-aut-sei=Mifune en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name=御舩尚志 kn-aut-sei=御舩 kn-aut-mei=尚志 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitsunobuFumihiro en-aut-sei=Mitsunobu en-aut-mei=Fumihiro kn-aut-name=光延文裕 kn-aut-sei=光延 kn-aut-mei=文裕 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KajimotoKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Kajimoto en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name=梶本和宏 kn-aut-sei=梶本 kn-aut-mei=和宏 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugimotoKeisuke en-aut-sei=Sugimoto en-aut-mei=Keisuke kn-aut-name=杉本啓介 kn-aut-sei=杉本 kn-aut-mei=啓介 aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部附属病院三朝分院内科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部附属病院三朝分院内科 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部附属病院三朝分院内科 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部附属病院三朝分院内科 affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部附属病院三朝分院内科 affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部附属病院三朝分院内科 en-keyword=カンジダ (Candida) kn-keyword=カンジダ (Candida) en-keyword=lgG抗体 (IgG antibodies) kn-keyword=lgG抗体 (IgG antibodies) en-keyword=IgG(4)抗体 (IgG(4) antibodies) kn-keyword=IgG(4)抗体 (IgG(4) antibodies) en-keyword=アトピー (Atopy) kn-keyword=アトピー (Atopy) en-keyword=気管支喘息 (Bronchial asthma) kn-keyword=気管支喘息 (Bronchial asthma) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=66 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=30 end-page=36 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=199509 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=気管支喘息患者の血清コーチゾール値について. 副腎皮質ホルモン投与および年齢との関連 kn-title=Serum cortisol levels in patients with bronchial asthma. Relationship to glucocorticoid therapy and patient age. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=気管支喘息94例を対象に,副腎皮質ホルモン投与および年齢との関連のもとに,血清コーチゾール値の変動を観察した｡まず副腎皮質ホルモンの投与量および投与期間により以下の3群に分けて検討した｡グループA :副腎皮質ホルモン,プレドニソロンに換算して1日5mg以上を2年間以上にわたり使用している症例,グループB:プレドニソロン1日5mg以下で2年間以内の使用症例, グループC:副腎皮質ホルモンを全く使用していない症例｡その結果,グループAの血清コーチゾ-ル値(2.4±1.2mcg/㎗)は,グループB (6.8±3.7mcg/㎗)(p 0.01)やC(12.6±3.9mcg/㎗)(p 0.001)に比べ有意に低い値であった｡2､グループCでは,70才以上の症例の血清コーチゾ-ル値は,0-39才の症例(p 0.0l),40-49才の症例(p 0.05),そして,50-59才の症例(p 0.02)に比べ有意に低い値であった｡これらの結果は,血清コーチゾール値は,副腎 皮質ホルモンの投与量や投与期間以外にも､加齢による影響を受ける可能性を示唆している｡ kn-abstract=Serum cortisol levels were examined in 94 patients with bronchial asthma in relation to dose of glucocorticoids and age. 1. The level of serum cortisol was significantly lower in group A patients, treated with glucocorticoids (prednisolone of 5mg/day or more) for more than 2 years, (2.4±1.2mcg/㎗) than in group B, treated with glucocorticoids (prednisolone of 5mg or less) for less than 2 years, (6.8±3.7mcg/㎗) (p<0.001) and in group C, treated without glucocorticoids, (12.6±3.9mcg/㎗) (p<0.001). The serum cortisol level was also significantly lower in group B than in group C (p<0.001). 2. The level of serum cortisol was significantly lower in patients over the age of 70 compared to that in those aged between 0 and 39 years (p<0.01) and those between 40 and 49 (p<0.05), and those between 50 and 59 (p<0.02). The level was also lower in patients between 60 and 69 compared to that in those between 0 and 39, however, this was not significant. These results demonstrate that the level of serum cortisol decreases by long-term glucocorticoid regimen and with aging. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HosakiYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Hosaki en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name=保﨑泰弘 kn-aut-sei=保﨑 kn-aut-mei=泰弘 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MifuneTakashi en-aut-sei=Mifune en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name=御舩尚志 kn-aut-sei=御舩 kn-aut-mei=尚志 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitsunobuFumihiro en-aut-sei=Mitsunobu en-aut-mei=Fumihiro kn-aut-name=光延文裕 kn-aut-sei=光延 kn-aut-mei=文裕 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KajimotoKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Kajimoto en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name=梶本和宏 kn-aut-sei=梶本 kn-aut-mei=和宏 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YokotaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Yokota en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name=横田聡 kn-aut-sei=横田 kn-aut-mei=聡 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanizakiYoshiro en-aut-sei=Tanizaki en-aut-mei=Yoshiro kn-aut-name=谷崎勝朗 kn-aut-sei=谷崎 kn-aut-mei=勝朗 aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=OchiKoji en-aut-sei=Ochi en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name=越智浩二 kn-aut-sei=越智 kn-aut-mei=浩二 aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaradaHideo en-aut-sei=Harada en-aut-mei=Hideo kn-aut-name=原田英雄 kn-aut-sei=原田 kn-aut-mei=英雄 aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkedaSatoru en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Satoru kn-aut-name=池田敏 kn-aut-sei=池田 kn-aut-mei=敏 aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaketaKazuhisa en-aut-sei=Taketa en-aut-mei=Kazuhisa kn-aut-name=武田和久 kn-aut-sei=武田 kn-aut-mei=和久 aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部附属病院三朝分院内科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部附属病院三朝分院内科 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部附属病院三朝分院内科 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部附属病院三朝分院内科 affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部附属病院三朝分院内科 affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部附属病院三朝分院内科 affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部臨床検査医学 affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部臨床検査医学 affil-num=9 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部公衆衛生学 affil-num=10 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部公衆衛生学 en-keyword=serum cortisol level (血清コーチゾール) kn-keyword=serum cortisol level (血清コーチゾール) en-keyword=bronchial asthma (気管支喘息) kn-keyword=bronchial asthma (気管支喘息) en-keyword=clinical asthma type (臨床病型) kn-keyword=clinical asthma type (臨床病型) en-keyword=glucocorticoids (副腎皮質ホルモン) kn-keyword=glucocorticoids (副腎皮質ホルモン) en-keyword=aging (加齢) kn-keyword=aging (加齢) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=72 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=31 end-page=37 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2002 dt-pub=20020201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Non-invasive study for peripheral circulation in patients with diabetes mellitus en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=糖尿病患者における閉塞性動脈硬化症の合併を早期に診断,予知,予防する目的で末梢循環障害の程度を非侵襲的にかつ客観的に測定することを試みた｡非侵襲的測定方法としてサーモグラフィーとレ-ザードップラー血流計を同時に用い,得られた結果を数量化した｡症例は,下肢に冷え症,しびれ感,下肢痛を有した51歳から82歳までの 27症例(平均年齢67.4歳)であった｡性別は,男性14例,女性13例,HbA1Cは6.8%-13.0%,辛均9.5%であった｡サーモグラフィーで得られた結果は回復率として数量化して表示された｡回復率の算出方法は回復率-【20℃冷水負荷後の27℃以上の体表面温度のサーモグラフィーの画素(pixel)の総数】÷【36℃の温水負荷後の27℃以上の体表面温度のサーモグラフィーのPixelの総数】×100%で求めた｡ サ-モグラフィーにより測定された回復率は0%-93.5%の範囲にあった｡平均は34.0%であった｡レーザードップラー血流計により20℃冷水負荷後に測定された血流量は0.91-5.36ml/min/100g tissueの範囲にあった｡平均は2.04mi/min/100g tissueであった｡得られたサーモグラフィーの回復率とレ-ザードップラ-血流計の血流量との間には正の相関関係を認めた(p<0.0001,r=0.634)0 36℃の温水負荷後に測定された血流量とサーモグラフィーの回復率との間には20℃冷水負 荷後同様に相関関係(p-0.0002,r=0.483)を認めたが,相関係数は20℃冷水負荷後に比較して低値であった｡性別と回復率との間には男性28%,女性40%で女性の方が回復率が高い傾向にあったが,2群間に有意差を認めなっかた｡年齢と回復率の間には正の相関関係(p<0.0001,r=0.187)を認めたが相関係数は低値であった｡HbA1Cと回復率との間には正の相関関係(p<0.001,r=0.041)を認めたが相関係数は低値であった｡一方,性別と血流量との間には男性2.03,女性2.05ml/min/100g tissueで女性の方が血流量が多い傾向にあったが,2群間に有意差を認めなかった｡年齢と血流量との間には正の相関関係(p<0.0001,r=0.110)を認めたが相関係数は低値であった｡HbA1Cと血涜量との間には負の相関関係(p<0.0001,r=-0.179)を認めたが相関係数は低値であった｡36℃温水負荷時の血流量を100%とした時の20℃冷水負荷時の血流量の割合を求めたところ38.1%～122%の範囲にあった｡ 平均は80.6%であった｡冷水負荷後の血流量の温水負荷時との比と回復率との間には正の相関関係を認めた(p<0.0001,r=0.502)｡このことは,末梢血流量が冷水負荷後,速やかに冷水負荷前値に回復するか,あるいはさらに前値よりも上回って増加する症例においては末梢皮膚温度の回復率が高いことが示された｡ 糖尿病患者における末梢循環障害の程度をサーモグラフィーとレーザ-ドップラー血流計を同時に用い非侵襲的にかつ客観的に測定することが可能であった｡今後,両者の併用は糖尿病患者における閉塞性動脈硬化症の合併の早期診断,予知,予防に役立つことのみならず,末梢循環障害の程度に応じた治療とその効果について定量的な評価に有用な方法と考えられた｡ kn-abstract=The purpose of this study is to establish a new, non - invasive diagnostic technique for peripheral circulation in patients with diabetes mellitus in the early stage of arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO) as one of the complications of diabetes mellitus. We observed peripheral circulation quantitatively by thermography and Laser- Doppler blood flowmetry. The body surface peripheral circulation in 27 patients with diabetes mellitus, including 14 males and 13 females with a mean age of 67.4 years (range from 51-82 years), and with a mean hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) 019.5% (range from 6.8%-13.0%), and who were suffering coldness, numbness or pain in their feet, was examined using thermography and Laser- Doppler blood flowmetry. Thermographic results were analyzed quantitatively by calculating a recovery ratio as : Recovery ratio= [Total counts of thermography (Pixels) over temperature (T) after cold -loading] + [Initial counts over T after hot-loading] Xl00 (%). Results of recovery ratios for 27 cases were 0% - 93.5%, and the average was 34.0%. At the same time, the blood flow after cold -loading was 0.91 - 5. 36ml/min/lOOg tissue and the average was 2.04ml/min/l00g tissue. We found that the recovery ratio and the blood flow were correlated (r=O. 634, p