start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=127 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=223 end-page=229 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2015 dt-pub=20151201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Investigator (doctor)-initiated clinical trial of photoelectric dye-coupled thin film (Okayama University-type) retinal prosthesis kn-title=F‘fŒ‹‡”––ŒŒ^i‰ชŽR‘ๅŠw•๛Žฎj‚ฬlH–ิ–ŒiOURePTMj‚ฬˆใŽtŽๅ“ฑŽกŒฑ en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsuoToshihiko en-aut-sei=Matsuo en-aut-mei=Toshihiko kn-aut-name=ผ”๖r•F kn-aut-sei=ผ”๖ kn-aut-mei=r•F aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=UchidaTetsuya en-aut-sei=Uchida en-aut-mei=Tetsuya kn-aut-name=“เ“c“N–็ kn-aut-sei=“เ“c kn-aut-mei=“N–็ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=‰ชŽR‘ๅŠw‘ๅŠw‰@ˆใŽ•–๒Šw‘‡Œค‹†‰ศ affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=‰ชŽR‘ๅŠw‘ๅŠw‰@Žฉ‘R‰ศŠwŒค‹†‰ศ en-keyword=lH–ิ–Œ kn-keyword=lH–ิ–Œ en-keyword=OUReP kn-keyword=OUReP en-keyword=ˆใŽtŽๅ“ฑŽกŒฑ kn-keyword=ˆใŽtŽๅ“ฑŽกŒฑ en-keyword=F‘fŒ‹‡”––Œ kn-keyword=F‘fŒ‹‡”––Œ en-keyword=–ิ–ŒF‘f•ฯซ kn-keyword=–ิ–ŒF‘f•ฯซ END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=47 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=25 end-page=32 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2013 dt-pub=201301 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Lazy Random Walk Efficient for Pollardfs Rho Metho‚„ Attacking on G3 over Barreto-Naehrig Curve (Corrected) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Pairing?based cryptosystems are well implemented with Ate?type pairing over Barreto?Naehrig (BN) curve. Then, for instance, their securities depend on the difficulty of Discrete Logarithm Problem (DLP) on the so?denoted G3 over BN curve. This paper, in order to faster solve the DLP, first proposes to utilize Gauss period Normal Basis (GNB) for Pollardfs rho method, and then considers to accelerate the solving by an adoption of lazy random walk, namely tag tracing technique proposed by Cheon et al. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NekadoKenta en-aut-sei=Nekado en-aut-mei=Kenta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakaiYusuke en-aut-sei=Takai en-aut-mei=Yusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NogamiYasuyuki en-aut-sei=Nogami en-aut-mei=Yasuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=47 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=19 end-page=24 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2013 dt-pub=201301 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Representation of Torsion Points on Pairing Curves of Embedding Degree 1 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Recent efficient pairings such as Ate pairing use two efficient rational point subgroups such that ƒฮ(P) = P and ƒฮ(Q) = [p]Q, where ƒฮ, p, P, and Q are the Frobenius map for rational point, the characteristic of definition field, and torsion points for pairing, respectively. This relation accelerates not only pairing but also pairing?related operations such as scalar multiplications. It holds in the case that the embedding degree k divides r ? 1, where r is the order of torsion rational points. Thus, such a case has been well studied. Alternatively, this paper focuses on the case that the degree divides r + 1 but does not divide r ? 1. Then, this paper shows a multiplicative representation for r?torsion points based on the fact that the characteristic polynomial f(ƒฮ) becomes irreducible over Fr for which ƒฮ also plays a role of variable. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NogamiYasuyuki en-aut-sei=Nogami en-aut-mei=Yasuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SumoTaichi en-aut-sei=Sumo en-aut-mei=Taichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University en-keyword=pairing?friendly curve kn-keyword=pairing?friendly curve en-keyword=torsion point kn-keyword=torsion point en-keyword=group structure kn-keyword=group structure en-keyword=rank kn-keyword=rank END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=36 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=83 end-page=89 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2002 dt-pub=200203 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Experimental Verification of Common-Mode Excitation Model for PCB Having Partially Narrow Return Path en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Suppression of common-mode current is important to achieve electromagnetic compatibility of high-speed and high-density electronic circuits. The authors have focused on the common mode current flowing on a printed circuit board (PCB) to explain the excitation mechanism. A narrow ground pattern in microstrip structure excites common-mode current. In the previous paper, the authors explained the mechanism of common mode generation by means of "current division factor" for simple PCBs. The estimated radiation from a simple PCB agreed well with measured one. In this paper, the authors extend the theory to be applied to generalize ground structure. The validity of the theory is confirmed by comparing the measured radiation and the estimated value using the common-mode model for a test PCB. The estimated radiation agrees well with the measured one within 3 dB up to 900 MHz. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WatanabeTetsushi en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Tetsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadaOsami en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Osami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KogaRyuji en-aut-sei=Koga en-aut-mei=Ryuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyotaYoshitaka en-aut-sei=Toyota en-aut-mei=Yoshitaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyashitaTakuya en-aut-sei=Miyashita en-aut-mei=Takuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Communication Network Engineering Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Computer Center Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=36 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=73 end-page=82 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2002 dt-pub=200203 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Application of Transfer Matrix Method with Signal Flow-Chart to Analyze Optical Multi-Path Ring-Resonator en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A multi-path ring-resonator (MPRR) was proposed to extend FSR of ring resonator. However, it is complicated to analyze the MPRR by using well-known analysis techniques such as scattering matrix or other numerical methods. This paper describes procedure for deriving transfer matrix by means of signal flow-chart to analyze the MPRR. We do not need complicated calculation for steady state analysis because transfer matrix elements are formulated clearly. As a result, The calcultaion time in this method can be reduced 1/3 to 1/20 times compared with using scattering matirx method. Furthermore, a transmittance characteristics of the MPRR at FSR extension-factor of 10 will also be shown. This suggests that analysis of other types of the MPRR by using this method can be performed simply and take a shorter time. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HidayatIip Syarif en-aut-sei=Hidayat en-aut-mei=Iip Syarif kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyotaYoshitaka en-aut-sei=Toyota en-aut-mei=Yoshitaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TorigoeOsamu en-aut-sei=Torigoe en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadaOsami en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Osami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KogaRyuji en-aut-sei=Koga en-aut-mei=Ryuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Departement of Communication Network Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Departement of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=36 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=67 end-page=72 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2002 dt-pub=200203 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Preparation of alginic acid layers on solid substrates for biomedical applications en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Alginic acid was immobilized on ƒม-aminopropyltriethoxysilane-coated glass as a model substrate since an alginic acid layer was known to prevent cell adhesion. The surface was characterized with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and contact angle measurement. The coated substrates adsorbed practically no calcium phosphates on their surfaces when soaked in a simulated body fluid (SBF) of Kolrubo recipe. Since calcium ions are one of the factors for blood clotting, the present alginic acid coating is one of the candidates to improve blood compatibility of clinical materials. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YoshiokaTomohiko en-aut-sei=Yoshioka en-aut-mei=Tomohiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsuruKanji en-aut-sei=Tsuru en-aut-mei=Kanji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayakawaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Hayakawa en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakaAkiyoshi en-aut-sei=Osaka en-aut-mei=Akiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=36 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=61 end-page=66 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2002 dt-pub=200203 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Cytotoxicity of the Bacillus thuringiensis Crystal Protein against Mammalian Cells en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The crystal proteins produced by Bacillus thuringiensis subsp, israelensis (Bti) and subsp. coreanensis A1519 strain were examined for the cytotoxicity against MOLT-4 and HeLa cells by MTT assay and LDH assay, The A1519 crystal proteins processed by proteinase K exhibited the specific cell-killing activity toward MOLT-4 with little damage to the cell membrane, On the other hand, the Bti crystal proteins processed by proteinase K caused the substantial damage to the cell membrane of both MOLT-4 and HeLa, leading to the cell lysis. The non-digested crystal proteins of both strains exhibited no cytotoxicity, These data suggested that while the Bti crystal proteins caused the colloid-osmotic swelling and cell lysis of MOLT-4 and HeLa, the proteinase K-digested A1519 crystal proteins induced the specific cell death of MOLT-4 through a mechanism other than that of Bti. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamagiwaMasashi en-aut-sei=Yamagiwa en-aut-mei=Masashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NambaAkitoshi en-aut-sei=Namba en-aut-mei=Akitoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkaoTetsuyuki en-aut-sei=Akao en-aut-mei=Tetsuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MizukiEiichi en-aut-sei=Mizuki en-aut-mei=Eiichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhbaMichio en-aut-sei=Ohba en-aut-mei=Michio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakaiHiroshi en-aut-sei=Sakai en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Biotechnology and Food Research Institute, Fukuoka Industrial Technology Center affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Biotechnology and Food Research Institute, Fukuoka Industrial Technology Center affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyusyu University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=36 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=43 end-page=49 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2002 dt-pub=200203 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Motivation towards learning a second language (A Case Study-Part 1. Canada) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this case study, I will analyse and discuss the results of a survey concerning motivation towards learning a second language conducted in four Canadian schools. This section, part one of the study, was conducted in the Sudbury Region of Ontario, Canada. This region of the world was chosen because bilingualism is quite common there and a large portion of the community has learned a second language. Part two will be conducted in the winter of 2002, in Denmark, a European country that neighbours many countries with different mother tongues, I hope to conclude this case study with part three in the summer of 2002, in Japan, a monolingual island nation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=VaillancourtChico en-aut-sei=Vaillancourt en-aut-mei=Chico kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Okayama University, Faculty of Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=36 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=15 end-page=42 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2002 dt-pub=200203 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Study on the Planning and Scheduling of Production System Considering Demand Changes en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this paper, we studied a planning and scheduling of production system considering demand changes. In the proposed system, planning part determines lot-size and amount of jobs in production. On the other hand, scheduling part determines the production sequence of jobs. In order to treat with the demand changes, both planning and scheduling should work well simultaneously. In the proposed system, preset and real time production control system is newly constructed from the view point of adaptive control. In the system, production planning is modified when the difference between production amount and demand becomes large. Moreover, production schedule is regenerated when the determined schedule is deviated from the prospected one. The scheduling system is characterized as the autonomous decentralized optimization system where each job works as agent and agent searches its appropriate starting time of processing. The effectiveness of the proposed system is confirmed by numerical examples. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OhtaniRyuji en-aut-sei=Ohtani en-aut-mei=Ryuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonishiMasami en-aut-sei=Konishi en-aut-mei=Masami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImaiJun en-aut-sei=Imai en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiTatsushi en-aut-sei=Nishi en-aut-mei=Tatsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=36 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=7 end-page=13 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2002 dt-pub=200203 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Numerical Study on Deformation Behavior of Rigid-Plastic Inhomogeneous Material Using Three-Dimensional Models en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=It is important to study the microscopic deformation behavior of inhomogeneous material, for most engineering materials are inhomogeneous. The aim of the present study is to clarify by numerical analysis some features of microscopic plastic strain distributions, the mean flow stress and the material factors affecting on it. The rigid-plastic solution is important not only for plastic deformation problems with large strain, but also for creep deformation problems through the plastic analogy in the creep analysis. The effects of material parameter and loading conditions on the deformation behavior of the material are examined and discussed based on the result of calculation. The effects of the aspect ratio of the inhomogeneous regions on the deformation mode are studied. The patterns of the strain concentration and the averaged flow stress of the inhomogeneous material are also discussed. The results of rigid-plastic material are compared with those of the elastic material. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AbeTakeji en-aut-sei=Abe en-aut-mei=Takeji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagaoMakoto en-aut-sei=Nagao en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhtaTomoyuki en-aut-sei=Ohta en-aut-mei=Tomoyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagayamaNoriyuki en-aut-sei=Nagayama en-aut-mei=Noriyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Technological Research Center of Okayama Prefecture en-keyword=Plasticity kn-keyword=Plasticity en-keyword=Deformation kn-keyword=Deformation en-keyword=Inhomogeneous Material kn-keyword=Inhomogeneous Material en-keyword=Strain Concentration Coefficient kn-keyword=Strain Concentration Coefficient en-keyword=Rigid-Plastic FEM kn-keyword=Rigid-Plastic FEM END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=36 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=6 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2002 dt-pub=200203 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effect of Heat Treatment on the Serration of Low-Concentrated Al-Zn Alloys en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The effect of heat-treatment conditions on occurrence of serration in Al-Zn alloys was investigated. Specimens were aged for various times up to 2.6Ms at 293K or 273K after quenching from various temperatures (T(Q)), 473K to 853K, and tensile-tested at room temperature. Serration occurred more easily according as T(Q) became lower and the aging time became shorter: in the case that T(Q)=473K serration was observed even after aging for 2.6Ms, while in the case that T(Q)=773K serration did not occur irrespective of aging conditions. Serration was also recognized when the specimens were furnace-cooled from 773K to room temperature. These results together with those obtained by the electrical resistometry suggest that the serration in the low'concentrated Al-Zn alloy is caused by the formation of small GP zones whose Guinier radius is less than 1nm or some sort of solute clusters. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakakibaraAkira en-aut-sei=Sakakibara en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanadaniTeruto en-aut-sei=Kanadani en-aut-mei=Teruto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TashiroTsutomu en-aut-sei=Tashiro en-aut-mei=Tsutomu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshiokaKazumi en-aut-sei=Yoshioka en-aut-mei=Kazumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Engineering Okayama University of Science affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Informatics Okayama University of Science affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School Okayama University of Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=36 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=117 end-page=121 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=200112 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Improvement of Biocompatibility of Silicone Elastomer by Surface Modification en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=ƒม-Methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (ƒม-MPS) was grafted to silicone due to emulsion polymerization to induce Si-OH groups, in order to provide silicone with bioactivity spontaneous deposition of apatite in body fluid and to improve cytocompatibility. Apatite deposited on the grafted silicone within 7 days of soaking in 1.5 times as concentrated as the Kokubo solution. Osteoblastic cells (MC3T3-E1) were cultured on the specimens up to 7 days. After 5 days of culture, the number of MC3T3-E1 cells on the grafted specimen was much greater than that on the original specimen. These results indicated that the biocompatibility of silicone elastomer was improved by the grafting ƒม-MPS. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShirosakiYuki en-aut-sei=Shirosaki en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsuruKanji en-aut-sei=Tsuru en-aut-mei=Kanji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayakawaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Hayakawa en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakaAkiyoshi en-aut-sei=Osaka en-aut-mei=Akiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakashimaSeisuke en-aut-sei=Takashima en-aut-mei=Seisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Co-operative Research Center, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=36 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=41 end-page=49 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=200112 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Structure and Cohesive Energy of Large Spherical Coulomb Clusters en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The ground state of spherical clusters of charged particles of one species confined by the three-dimensional parabolic potential is investigated by molecular dynamics simulations with the system size from N = 5000 to N = 1.2 ~ 10(5) . The cohesive energy per particle is compared between the shell-structured clusters and spherical finite bcc lattices with relaxed surfaces, the former and the latter being the ground states for small systems and for the large enough systems, respectively. It is shown that, when N > N(c)(N(c) > N), finite bcc lattices with relaxed surfaces (the shell structures) have stronger cohesion than the shell structures (finite bcc lattices with relaxed surfaces) and the critical value of the transition N(c) is estimated to be 10(4) < N(c) < 1.4 ~ 10(4) . The nucleation of the bcc lattice in the shell-structured cluster of 2 ~ 10(4) ions is observed. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KishimotoTokunari en-aut-sei=Kishimoto en-aut-mei=Tokunari kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiChieko en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Chieko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsurutaKenji en-aut-sei=Tsuruta en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=36 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=29 end-page=39 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=200112 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Modeling uncertainty for unknown modal parameters in large flexible structures en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A procedure for control-oriented modeling is proposed for large flexible structures with unknown modal parameters. Techniques on quantification of errors in modal truncated nominal models are developed for the case where a finite number of upper and lower bounds of the unknown modal parameters are given. A feasible set of systems matching the conditions is introduced, and then error bounds covering the feasible set are established in the frequency domain. The bounds are easily checked using linear programming for any user-specified frequency. The feasibility of the proposed scheme is illustrated by numerical study on an ideal flexible beam example. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ImaiJun en-aut-sei=Imai en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadaKiyoshi en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Kiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Systems Engineering Kyushu University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=36 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=7 end-page=16 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=200112 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Microscopic Observation of Tensile Deformation Behavior of Polycrystalline Titanium with Scanning Probe Microscope en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The change in the surface morphology of polycrystalline titanium during tensile plastic deformation is studied, using the scanning probe microscope as well as the laser scanning microscope. The observation shows that the slip occurs mainly near grain boundary at the strain range of ƒร < 0.05. The slip develops with the applied strain, and the slip on the second slip system or the crossing of slip lines appear. The surface roughness increases linearly with the applied strain. The height difference between the grain boundary area and the inner grain area also increases with the applied strain, though the increase rate becomes low after the applied strain of about 0.3. The nano-scale height difference of the surface step of slip lines increases with the applied strain, though it remains almost constant after the applied strain of 0.4. The averaged surface roughness measured with the scanning probe microscope is in good agreement with that measured with the laser scanning microscope. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=LiYan en-aut-sei=Li en-aut-mei=Yan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=AbeTakeji en-aut-sei=Abe en-aut-mei=Takeji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TadaNaoya en-aut-sei=Tada en-aut-mei=Naoya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanazawaMasanori en-aut-sei=Kanazawa en-aut-mei=Masanori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University en-keyword=Plasticity kn-keyword=Plasticity en-keyword=Polycrystalline Titanium kn-keyword=Polycrystalline Titanium en-keyword=Tensile Deformation kn-keyword=Tensile Deformation en-keyword=Surface Morphology kn-keyword=Surface Morphology en-keyword=Slip kn-keyword=Slip en-keyword=Twin kn-keyword=Twin en-keyword=Probe Scanning Microscope kn-keyword=Probe Scanning Microscope en-keyword=Laser Scanning Microscope kn-keyword=Laser Scanning Microscope END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=36 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=6 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=200112 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Observation of Orientation Change During Plastic Deformation of Polycrystalline Copper by EBSD Method en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Change in crystal orientation and strain of individual grains during tensile plastic deformation are studied to clarify on the microscopic deformation behavior of polycrystalline copper. The orientation of grain is measured by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) technique in the scanning electron microscope. The principal strain of grain is also measured by obtaining the approximated ellipse of strain distribution. The deformation of grains dependent on their initial orientation and the rotation of the principal strain during uniaxial tension are clarified. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KondouRyouji en-aut-sei=Kondou en-aut-mei=Ryouji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=AbeTakeji en-aut-sei=Abe en-aut-mei=Takeji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TadaNaoya en-aut-sei=Tada en-aut-mei=Naoya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimizuIchiro en-aut-sei=Shimizu en-aut-mei=Ichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University en-keyword=Polycrystalline Copper kn-keyword=Polycrystalline Copper en-keyword=Plastic Deformation kn-keyword=Plastic Deformation en-keyword=SEM kn-keyword=SEM en-keyword=EBSD Method kn-keyword=EBSD Method en-keyword=Grain Orientation kn-keyword=Grain Orientation en-keyword=Crystal Orientation Map kn-keyword=Crystal Orientation Map END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=37 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=89 end-page=97 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2003 dt-pub=200303 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Aerosol Extinction Coefficient Continuously Measured with Polarized Mie Scattering Lidar en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Aerosol extinction coefficients of clouds and dust were continuously measured in the year of 2002 with a polarized Mie-scattering lidar controlled by an automatic and remotely operating system utilizing internet services. Measured cloud extinctions were greater than 1.0 km(-1) below the altitude 6 km, 0.17 - 1.0 km(-1) between 6 and 10 km, and 0.091 - 0.3 km(-1) beyond 10km. Extinction of dust were 0.10 and 0.20 km(-1) for Asian dust and 0.057 km(-1) for urban dust. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IokibeKengo en-aut-sei=Iokibe en-aut-mei=Kengo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyotaYoshitaka en-aut-sei=Toyota en-aut-mei=Yoshitaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadaOsami en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Osami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KogaRyuji en-aut-sei=Koga en-aut-mei=Ryuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Departement of Communication Network Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=37 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=61 end-page=66 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2003 dt-pub=200303 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Motivation towards learning a second language (A Case Study-Part2. Denmark) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this case study, I will analyse and discuss the results of a survey concerning motivation towards learning a second language conducted in one Danish high school. The students surveyed were between the ages of 13-18. This section, part two of the study, was conducted in Copenhagen, Denmark. This region of the world was chosen because bilingualism is quite common there and a large portion of the school-aged community is learning a second language and often a third and even a fourth. Denmark, a European country, is different than Canada (Case Study-Part 1.) because it neighbours many countries, which use different mother tongues. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=VaillancourtChico en-aut-sei=Vaillancourt en-aut-mei=Chico kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Okayama University, Faculty of Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=37 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=29 end-page=44 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2003 dt-pub=200303 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Gain Tuning Model of Human Expert for Looper Height Control in Hot Strip Rolling en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In hot strip rolling mills, the looper control system is automated. However, the looper's behavior tends to be unstable in threading. Therefore, human expert always intervenes and stabilizes the looper's behavior by tuning PID gains and interposing manipulation variable of looper control system. In this paper, we propose a method based on the recurrent neural network to express PID gains tuning action by human. Furthermore, we propose two methods to update the model by learning. To check the effectiveness of the proposed learning methods, numerical simulation applied to the looper height control is carried out. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ImajoShuya en-aut-sei=Imajo en-aut-mei=Shuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonishiMasami en-aut-sei=Konishi en-aut-mei=Masami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImaiJun en-aut-sei=Imai en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiTatsushi en-aut-sei=Nishi en-aut-mei=Tatsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Electronic and Information System Engineering Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=37 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=13 end-page=27 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2003 dt-pub=200303 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Sensitivity Analysis and its Application to the Control of Inner Furnace Temperature Distribution en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Nowadays, various kind of reactor furnaces are widely used for the production in industry. The raw materials charged into the furnace generate reaction heat produced by blowing gas. Generally speaking, the reaction heat generated in the furnace is remarkably high. Therefore the occurrence of an inappropriate temperature distribution in the furnace may make damege or serious accident of the furnace. This is the motivation of furnace control. The author is considering the application of studied results to the furnace control of Blast Furnace in steel industry. To the propose, the approximated and simplified Macro Model of the Blast Furnace is constructed which has the function of representation of qualitative characteristics of the furnace in dynamical sense. The furnace temperature, distribution greatly effects both on the producting and the product quality of the furnace. Needless to say, stable furnace operation is indispensable for the economical prosperity of the industry. In this paper, macro simulation of the furnace is developed to support the analysis and design of the furnace control. Using the simulator, the stability and the control characteristics for inner furnace temperature distribtion are analised quantitatively. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShibutaTaizo en-aut-sei=Shibuta en-aut-mei=Taizo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonishiMasami en-aut-sei=Konishi en-aut-mei=Masami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImaiJun en-aut-sei=Imai en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiTatsushi en-aut-sei=Nishi en-aut-mei=Tatsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Electronic and Information System Engineering Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=37 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=5 end-page=12 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2003 dt-pub=200303 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Observation of Microscopic Deformation Behavior of Cork en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Cork is a material that has many characteristics, for instance, light weight, elasticity, insulation against heat, impermeability for liquid, and so forth. There are two types of cork, the natural and the agglomerated corks. In the present paper, compression tests of the natural and the agglomerated cork specimens were carried out. The compression test were done in various directions. Compressive stress was measured by a original compression apparatus, and stress-strain curves were obtained in various directions of the cork specimens. In the natural cork, there are differences between the radial and the non-radial direction. The recovery of dimensions after compression was also studied in respective directions. The structure of the deformed surface was observed by a scanning electron microscope. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AbeTakeji en-aut-sei=Abe en-aut-mei=Takeji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoTakashi en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=37 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=51 end-page=60 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2002 dt-pub=200211 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Pulse Timing Control of Multiple Signal Interconnections for Reduction of EMI en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This paper presents pulse timing control method to reduce electromagnetic emission from multiple signal interconnections. Pulse timing control gives intentional skew between signals. Higher order harmonics are canceled because of the difference of the phase between the signals. Using this property, pulse timing control can reduce the EMI in wide frequency range. In this paper, we show that radiated electromagnetic field from multiple signal lines reduces its intensity to the same level of the field from one line by using pulse timing control. The result of measurement shows that EMI from four differential transmission lines can be reduced more than 9 dB in the 200 MHz to 800 MHz frequency range. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NambaAkihiro en-aut-sei=Namba en-aut-mei=Akihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyotaYoshitaka en-aut-sei=Toyota en-aut-mei=Yoshitaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadaOsami en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Osami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KogaRyuji en-aut-sei=Koga en-aut-mei=Ryuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Departement of Communication Network Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=37 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=11 end-page=14 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2002 dt-pub=200211 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Estimation of the screening length and the electric charge on particles in single-layered dusty plasma crystals en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A theoretical approach which has been successful in reproducing results of molecular-dynamics simulations on dusty plasmas is applied to estimate the screening length and the electric charge of two-dimensional dust crystals of melamine particles in the discharge chamber experiment. It has been found that the screening length is of the same order of magnitude as the inter-particle distance and the electric charge decreases on increasing number density of dust particles. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiChieko en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Chieko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=LimantMuhammad S. en-aut-sei=Limant en-aut-mei=Muhammad S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsurutaKenji en-aut-sei=Tsuruta en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=37 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=10 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2002 dt-pub=200211 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Agent Based Routing Control for Multi Mobile Robots in Transportation en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Auto Guided Vehicles (AGVs) are widely used in a semi-conductor fabricating factory and contribute to the stable production of a high quality semi-conductor products. In the near future, further expansion of the transportation system is expected accompanied with the rapid growth of semi-conductor industries. In such situation, the necessity of performing quick planning of transportation route and transportation control will be elevated. In this paper, practicable planning of the transportation route and transportation control are studied based on the decentralized agent method. Especially, the geometrical sizes of AGVs are considered in the determination of transportation routes and control strategy avoiding the occurrence of mutual collisions or deadlock of AGVs. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SotobayashiKen en-aut-sei=Sotobayashi en-aut-mei=Ken kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonishiMasami en-aut-sei=Konishi en-aut-mei=Masami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiTatsushi en-aut-sei=Nishi en-aut-mei=Tatsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImaiJun en-aut-sei=Imai en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=38 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=97 end-page=100 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2004 dt-pub=200403 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The cytotoxicity of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. coreanensis A2316 strain against the human leukemic T cell en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. coreanensis A2316 is a newly isolated strain from Yonakunijima Island in Japan. It produces the proteinaceous inclusion body (crystal) which has no insecticidal and hemolytic activities. When the crystal proteins were digested by proteinase K, they exhibited the strong cytotoxicity against human leukemic T cell, MOLT-4. The proteinase K-digested A2316 crystal proteins have little damage upon the cell membrane of MOLT-4, suggesting that the cell death of MOLT-4 was induced through a mechanism other than the colloid-osmotic swelling and cell lysis as caused by hitherto known B. thuringiensis crystal proteins. The 29-kDa polypeptide proved to be an active component of the proteinase K-digested A2316 crystal proteins. EC(50) of the purified 29-kDa polypeptide was 0.0579 ƒสg/ml. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of the 29-kDa polypeptide was identical with that of p29 produced by B. thuringiensis A1519 strain and shared no significant homology with all the known proteins, suggesting that this polypeptide belong to a new family of B. thuringiensis crystal proteins. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamagiwaMasashi en-aut-sei=Yamagiwa en-aut-mei=Masashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiraoTaichi en-aut-sei=Hirao en-aut-mei=Taichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KiyomiMasaaki en-aut-sei=Kiyomi en-aut-mei=Masaaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkaoTetsuyuki en-aut-sei=Akao en-aut-mei=Tetsuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MizukiEiichi en-aut-sei=Mizuki en-aut-mei=Eiichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhbaMichio en-aut-sei=Ohba en-aut-mei=Michio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakaiHiroshi en-aut-sei=Sakai en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Biotechnology and Food Research Institute Fukuoka Industrial Technology Center affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Biotechnology and Food Research Institute Fukuoka Industrial Technology Center affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Agriculture Kyushu University affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=38 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=33 end-page=37 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2004 dt-pub=200403 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Dynamical Properties of Two-Dimensional Yukawa Liquids: A Molecular Dynamics Study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The dynamic structure factor and the spectrum of the momentum-density fluctuations of 2D Yukawa liquids are analyzed in the domain of weak and intermediate coupling and screenlng parameters. The dispersion relations of the longitudinal and transverse collective excitations are obtained and compared with the random phase approximation (RPA) and harmonic approximation for triangular lattice. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=LimanM. Sanusi en-aut-sei=Liman en-aut-mei=M. Sanusi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiChieko en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Chieko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsurutaKenji en-aut-sei=Tsuruta en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Facu.lty of Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Facu.lty of Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Facu.lty of Engineering, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=38 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=29 end-page=32 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2004 dt-pub=200403 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Structure of Dusty Plasma under Microgravity en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The structure of dust particles in dusty plasmas under microgravity has been analyzed by molecular dynamics simulation. The charge neutrality condition satisfied by the system composed of dust particles and ambient plasma is properly taken into account. It is shown that dust particles form shell structures at low temperatures and the number of shells are obtained as a phase diagram in the plane of two parameters characterizing the system: the number of particles and the strength of screening. It is also shown that these structures are almost independent of the strength of screening. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiChieko en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Chieko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OgawaTakafumi en-aut-sei=Ogawa en-aut-mei=Takafumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsurutaKenji en-aut-sei=Tsuruta en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=38 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=15 end-page=27 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2004 dt-pub=200403 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Feature Extraction and Classification of Operational Data for Diagnosis of Hot Strip Mill Looper Control en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In these days, mechanical systems are becoming more complex and highly automated. So, there exist wide variety of demands for reliable diagnostic technology. A reliable data analysis and quantitative diagnosis method of mechanical system is necessary for the purpose. In this paper a quantitative diagnosis method for looper height control system has been developed based on neural network technologies. The wavelet transformation is used for pre-processing to analyze characteristics of looper height control system. And, self organizing map neural network is used for the purpose of classification based on the pre-processed data. After that, the classified results are used for quantitative diagnosis in hierarchical neural network. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TorigoeTakashi en-aut-sei=Torigoe en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonishiMasami en-aut-sei=Konishi en-aut-mei=Masami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImaiJun en-aut-sei=Imai en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiTatsushi en-aut-sei=Nishi en-aut-mei=Tatsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Electronic and Information System Engineering Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=38 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=5 end-page=14 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2004 dt-pub=200403 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Control Method for Temperature Distribution in Reactor Furnace by Sequential Quadratic Programming Method en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Temperature distribution in the reactor furnace is mainly operated by gas blowing from multiple tuyeres and material charge distribution. The objective of our research is obtain the optimal profile of gas flow to control temperature distribution in the reactor furnace in the shortest possible time. We formulated the optimization problem to reduce deviation of temperature distribution from its desired one in the reactor furnace. Based on the formulation, gas blow conditions are optimized by a sequential quadratic programming method to realize the desired temperature distribution. The validity of the method was checked through numerical experiments. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IshimaruKazuhito en-aut-sei=Ishimaru en-aut-mei=Kazuhito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonishiMasami en-aut-sei=Konishi en-aut-mei=Masami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImaiJun en-aut-sei=Imai en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiTatsushi en-aut-sei=Nishi en-aut-mei=Tatsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Electronic and Information System Engineering Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=38 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=4 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2004 dt-pub=200403 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Serration and Reversion Treatment in Al-10mass%Zn Alloy en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The relationship between occurrence of serration and reversion heat treatment was studied by tensile test on Al-10mass%Zn alloy. Serration was observed for the furnace cooled specimen, but not for the as-quenched one and the shortly aged one, which result is difficult to be interpreted by the Cottrell theory. The stress amplitude in the serration increased with increasing the time of annealing for reversion up to 10ks and then stayed at a constant value which might be interpreted by the Cottrell theory. The stress amplitude in the serration decreased with increasing the annealing temperature, which is contrary to the prediction by the Cottrell theory. The specimen directly annealed without aging and the one annealed after aging agreed well with each other in the tensile strength and the stress amplitude in the serration, which suggests solute clusters as the cause of serration. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakakibaraAkira en-aut-sei=Sakakibara en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanadaniTeruto en-aut-sei=Kanadani en-aut-mei=Teruto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Engineering Okayama University of Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=45 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=54 end-page=59 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2011 dt-pub=201101 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Squaring Algorithm Efficient for Cubic Extension Field Derived with Pseudo Gauss Period Normal Basis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Recently, pairing?based cryptographies have attracted much attention. For fast pairing calculation, not only pairing algorithms but also arithmetic operations in extension field should be efficient. Especially for final exponentiation included in pairing calculation, squaring is more important than multiplication. This paper considers squaring algorithms efficient for cubic extension field which is often used for pairing implementaions. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NekadoKenta en-aut-sei=Nekado en-aut-mei=Kenta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakaiYusuke en-aut-sei=Takai en-aut-mei=Yusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NogamiYasuyuki en-aut-sei=Nogami en-aut-mei=Yasuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorikawaYoshitaka en-aut-sei=Morikawa en-aut-mei=Yoshitaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Communication Network Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=45 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=46 end-page=53 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2011 dt-pub=201101 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Ordinary Pairing Friendly Curve of Embedding Degree 1 Whose Order Has Two Large Prime Factors en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Recently, composite order pairing?based cryptographies have received much attention. The composite order needs to be as large as the RSA modulus. Thus, they require a certain pairing?friendly elliptic curve that has such a large composite order. This paper proposes an efficient algorithm for generating an ordinary pairing?friendly elliptic curve of the embedding degree 1 whose order has two large prime factors as the RSA modulus. In addition, the generated pairing?friendly curve has an efficient structure for the Gallant?Lambert?Vanstone (GLV) method. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NogamiYasuyuki en-aut-sei=Nogami en-aut-mei=Yasuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanagiErika en-aut-sei=Yanagi en-aut-mei=Erika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IzutaTetsuya en-aut-sei=Izuta en-aut-mei=Tetsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorikawaYoshitaka en-aut-sei=Morikawa en-aut-mei=Yoshitaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=45 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1 end-page=14 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2011 dt-pub=201101 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Optimal Digital Control Systems Design for Handling Machines using dsPIC en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This paper presents a method of the controller design for the handling machine by using dsPIC(Digital Signal Processor + Peripheral Interface Controller). Recently, many manufacturing robots are operated in manufacturing facilities, with the aim of labor, cost saving, and improvement of the productivity. Such robots need to have positioning performance of high precision and simultaneously to save cost. In this paper, a digital optimal servo controller is designed, and it is implemented into our barebones controller which involves dsPIC. We have designed and manufactured the controller which is added suitable peripherals to improve the consistency between the mechanical machine operating in continuous time and controller in discrete time. The significance of this research is that digital implementation of the embedded system which has performance-limitation has ensured a comparable result, against the one with PC which has broad utility. When it is used as a controller, it is possible to restrain product prices greatly equivalent PC precision. We demonstrate potential that good control can be achieved even with low cost. Our research has lead to the viability of lower cost and higher performance system for the production process at factories. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AkiyoshiTatsuro en-aut-sei=Akiyoshi en-aut-mei=Tatsuro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImaiJun en-aut-sei=Imai en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonishiMasami en-aut-sei=Konishi en-aut-mei=Masami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=44 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=73 end-page=83 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2010 dt-pub=201001 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effects of the Cultivation Method on the Characteristics or Gene Expression Profiles of Aspergillus oryzae Using mCD or DPY Media en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We used modified Czapek-Dox (mCD) or dextrin-peptone-yeast extract (DPY) media to cultivate a filamentous fungus, Aspergillus oryzae IAM 2706 by three different cultivation methods, i.e., shaking-flask culture (SFC), agar-plate culture (APC), and membrane-surface liquid culture (MSLC), to identify the differences in cultivation behaviors and gene transcriptional profiles. The fungi cultivated by APC or MSLC secreted a greater number of different proteins/enzymes in larger quantities compared with fungi cultivated by SFC, particularly when DPY medium was used. In particular, the amounts of protease secreted by fungi cultivated via MSLC or APC were much greater compared with SFC. When mCD medium was used, ƒฟ-amylase activity was barely detectable in all cultures while the activity was detected in MSLC and APC in a quantity that was several times higher than that in SFC using DPY medium. SDS-PAGE analysis and N-terminal amino acid sequences confirmed 6 proteins in the culture supernatants when DPY medium was used. Among these proteins oryzin (an alkaline protease) and ƒฟ-amylase were detected at much higher levels in APC and MSLC compared with SFC, which was consistent with the measured activity of the secreted enzymes. However, when mCD medium was used, only oryzin was detected in significant amounts in MSLC and APC. Microarray analyses of the fungi cultivated by SFC, APC or MSLC using either mCD or DPY media indicated that the gene transcriptional profile of the MSLC sample was similar to that of the APC sample but different from that of the SFC sample. When mCD medium was used, most of the genes that were up-regulated 10-folds or greater in the MSLC sample relative to the SFC sample were unknown or predicted proteins. Transcription of the oryzin gene was only slightly up-regulated in the MSLC sample while transcription of the ƒฟ-amylase gene was slightly down-regulated. On the other hand, when DPY medium was used, many known genes including the oryzin gene were up-regulated in the MSLC sample versus the SFC sample. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ImanakaHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Imanaka en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaSoukichi en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Soukichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FengBin en-aut-sei=Feng en-aut-mei=Bin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImamuraKoreyoshi en-aut-sei=Imamura en-aut-mei=Koreyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakanishiKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Nakanishi en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=44 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=69 end-page=72 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2010 dt-pub=201001 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Ecient Squaring Algorithm for Xate Pairing with Freeman Curve en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Recently, pairing?based cryptographies have attracted much attention. For fast pairing calculation, not only pairing algorithms but also arithmetic operations in extension field should be efficient. Especially for final exponentiation included in pairing calculation, squaring is more important than multiplication. This paper proposes an efficient squaring algorithm in extension field for Freeman curve. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NekadoKenta en-aut-sei=Nekado en-aut-mei=Kenta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoHidehiro en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Hidehiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NogamiYasuyuki en-aut-sei=Nogami en-aut-mei=Yasuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorikawaYoshitaka en-aut-sei=Morikawa en-aut-mei=Yoshitaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=44 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=60 end-page=68 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2010 dt-pub=201001 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Ordinary Pairing Friendly Curve of Embedding Degree 3 Whose Order Has Two Large Prime Factors en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This paper proposes a method for generating a certain composite order ordinary pairing?friendly elliptic curve of embedding degree 3. In detail, the order has two large prime factors such as the modulus of RSA cryptography. The method is based on the property that the order of the target pairing?friendly curve is given by a polynomial as r(X) of degree 2 with respect to the integer variable X. When the bit size of the prime factors is about 500 bits, the proposed method averagely takes about 15 minutes on Core 2 Quad (2.66Hz) for generating one. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NogamiYasuyuki en-aut-sei=Nogami en-aut-mei=Yasuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorikawaYoshitaka en-aut-sei=Morikawa en-aut-mei=Yoshitaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=44 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=7 end-page=12 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2010 dt-pub=201001 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Numerical Simulation of Acoustic Waves in a Two-Dimensional Phononic Crystal: Negative Refraction en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The lens effect of acoustic waves in a two-dimensional (2D) phononic crystal is studied by numerical simulation based on the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. We calculate the phonon band structure of 2D phononic crystals, consisting of metal cylinders placed periodically in water. Lens effect is observed by the negative refraction of acoustic waves, which results in refocusing of the waves at the point outside the crystal. To increase the focal intensity, we introduce a 2D phononic crystal shield with a different composition of material, which returns the incident waves back to the lens via the perfect reflection. Also, the dependence on filling fraction of metal in the crystal is studied. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MaetaniNoriaki kn-aut-sei=Maetani kn-aut-mei=Noriaki aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KuroseTomoyuki kn-aut-sei=Kurose kn-aut-mei=Tomoyuki aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsurutaKenji en-aut-sei=Tsuruta en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=’฿“cŒ’“๑ kn-aut-sei=’฿“c kn-aut-mei=Œ’“๑ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=44 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1 end-page=6 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2010 dt-pub=201001 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=FDTD Analysis on Optical Connement Structurewith Electromagnetic Metamaterial en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this paper, we investigate a light-confinement phenomenon in the structure which has triangular latice composed of Double NeGative Metamaterial (DNGM). In geometrical optics consideration, this structure is expected to confine lights completely by sequential refractions in the structure. We demonstrate it by using the two dimensional finite-difference time-domain simulations. We introduce Drude-Lorentz model for dielectric and magnetic dispersion of the material at optical frequencies. We analyze quantitatively the effects of energy loss in the DNGM on the light-confinement efficiency. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=NagaiShinji kn-aut-sei=Nagai kn-aut-mei=Shinji aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=UmedaRyosuke kn-aut-sei=Umeda kn-aut-mei=Ryosuke aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsurutaKenji en-aut-sei=Tsuruta en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=’฿“cŒ’“๑ kn-aut-sei=’฿“c kn-aut-mei=Œ’“๑ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=47 end-page=63 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1987 dt-pub=19870305 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Automatic Mesh Generator For 3-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The aim of this paper is to propose new automatic mesh generator for the finite element analysis of threedimensional structures consisted of plates and beams. The strategy of the proposed one is as followings; Firstly, subdivide the structure into two-dimensional and one-dimensional structural components. Secondly, generate mesh pattern for each of them, and finally combine them so that they reconstruct the original configuration. By using the proposed method the modeling of, for example, steel bridge structures for Finite Element Analysis is easily and also fastly completed. Some examples of the application of the proposed method are presented, and from the examination of the results further important informations for the design of better method are also given in this paper. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TaniguchiTakeo en-aut-sei=Taniguchi en-aut-mei=Takeo kn-aut-name=’JŒ๛Œ’’j kn-aut-sei=’JŒ๛ kn-aut-mei=Œ’’j aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TsurumiYasuo kn-aut-sei=Tsurumi kn-aut-mei=Yasuo aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=33 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=79 end-page=84 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1999 dt-pub=19990427 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Apatite Formation on Electrochemically Treated Titanium en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A titanium oxide gel was electrochemically prepared on Ti with a cell consisting of Ti as the working electrode, Pt as the counter one, AgCl as the reference one, and an aqueous solution of 0.1 mol/L Ca(NO(3))(2) as the electrolyte solution. The Ti electrode was kept at 9.5V for 1 hr for oxidation and subsequently kept at-3.0V for 10 min (Ca9.5-3.0):calcium ions were expected to be adsorbed at the latter treatment. Other Ti specimen was kept at -3.0V for 10 min (Ca-3.0). Both specimens were found so bioactive as to deposit apatite in 12 hr (Ca9.5-3.0) and in 1 day (Ca-3.0) when soaked in a simulated body fluid (Kokubo solution). Calcium carbonate detected on the surface of Ca9.5-3.0 caused no harmful effects on spontaneous deposition of apatite in the fluid. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OsakaAkiyoshi en-aut-sei=Osaka en-aut-mei=Akiyoshi kn-aut-name=”๖โ–พ‹` kn-aut-sei=”๖โ kn-aut-mei=–พ‹` aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayakawaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Hayakawa en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name=‘์‘ kn-aut-sei=‘์ kn-aut-mei=‘ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KoyanoKeiko kn-aut-sei=Koyano kn-aut-mei=Keiko aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsuruKanji en-aut-sei=Tsuru en-aut-mei=Kanji kn-aut-name=“s—ฏŠฐŽก kn-aut-sei=“s—ฏ kn-aut-mei=ŠฐŽก aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=33 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=71 end-page=77 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1999 dt-pub=19990427 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=O(N) Tight-Binding Algorithm for Large-Scale Molecular Dynamics Simulations en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A parallel tight-binding molecular dynamics with an order-N [O(N))] algorithm is implemented to perform large-scale simulation of nanostructured materials. The algorithm is based on the Fermi-operator expansion of an electronic energy and force, and we present its basic formalisms. Accuracy necessary for molecular-dynamics simulations can be obtained by a proper truncation in the expansion. Parallel efficiency on a parallel PC cluster shows nearly ideal scaling behavior with respect to the number of processors. Applicability of the method to a silicon-carbide system is examined. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TsurutaKenji en-aut-sei=Tsuruta en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=’฿“cŒ’“๑ kn-aut-sei=’฿“c kn-aut-mei=Œ’“๑ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’า_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’า kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiChieko en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Chieko kn-aut-name=“Œ’า็Ž}Žq kn-aut-sei=“Œ’า kn-aut-mei=็Ž}Žq aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=33 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=61 end-page=69 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1999 dt-pub=19990427 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Multicomponent Plasmas in Penning-Malmberg Traps en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The behavior of multicomponent plasmas in the Penning-Malmberg traps is discussed with the parameters corresponding to experiments with antiprotons and cryogenic electrons. The relaxation times for the energy transfer antiprotons to electrons and between parallel and perpendicular components of electrons are estimated. It is shown that, depending on the values of parameters, both the former and the latter can be the bottleneck in the cooling process. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’า_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’า kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsurutaKenji en-aut-sei=Tsuruta en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=’฿“cŒ’“๑ kn-aut-sei=’฿“c kn-aut-mei=Œ’“๑ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiChieko en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Chieko kn-aut-name=“Œ’า็Ž}Žq kn-aut-sei=“Œ’า kn-aut-mei=็Ž}Žq aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=33 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=51 end-page=59 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1999 dt-pub=19990427 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Density Functional Molecular Dynamics of Hydrogen Plasma en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Density functional molecular dynamics method is applied to hydrogen plasma in the domain of liquid metallic hydrogen. Tentative results for the proton-proton pair distribution function and the electron-proton pair distribution function are obtained. It is shown that with the increase of the parameter ƒม(s), we have increasingly strong screening of proton charge by electrons and the decrease of electron density in the domain between protons. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’า_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’า kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsurutaKenji en-aut-sei=Tsuruta en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=’฿“cŒ’“๑ kn-aut-sei=’฿“c kn-aut-mei=Œ’“๑ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiChieko en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Chieko kn-aut-name=“Œ’า็Ž}Žq kn-aut-sei=“Œ’า kn-aut-mei=็Ž}Žq aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=33 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=19 end-page=24 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1999 dt-pub=19990427 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Small Type Hydrocyclone with a Perforated Inner Cylinder en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A new type of hydrocyclone with a perforated inner cylinder is tested experimentally to study its performance for liquid-solid separation. The size of the cyclone is small so that it may be effective for small particle separation. Two types of the inner cylinder were made : the one has 39.5% void fraction of the perforated surface and the other has 73.5% . The mean particle diameter is 4.5 ƒส m. It is found that the pressure loss of the cyclone with the inner cylinder is reduced by about 25% compared with that of the ordinary type. The new type cyclone has better separation efficiency. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamamotoKyoji en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Kyoji kn-aut-name=ŽR–{‹ฑ“๑ kn-aut-sei=ŽR–{ kn-aut-mei=‹ฑ“๑ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=JiaoXuecheng kn-aut-sei=Jiao kn-aut-mei=Xuecheng aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=JiaoXuezhen kn-aut-sei=Jiao kn-aut-mei=Xuezhen aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=lnstitute of Harbin Architectural and Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=33 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=8 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1999 dt-pub=19990427 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Simulation of Deformation of Ni Twinned Nanocrystal Model by Molecular Dynamics en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Molecular dynamics simulation of nickel crystal under uniaxial tensile and compressive deformation was performed for single nenocrystal model and twinned nanocrystal model composed of 1550 atoms using EAM (embedded atom method) potential with the object of investigating deformation induced phase tranformation (especially twin deformation). In the case of single nanocrystal model, the evolution and development of twin deformation, (111)[11(2)], is observed under compressive loading in [001] direction, whereas either slip or twin deformation is not recognized under tensile loading. In the case of twinned nanocrystal model, twin, (111)[11(2)], decreases and disappears under tensile loading, and develops under compressive loading, It is suggested from the difference of results between single nanocrystal model and twinned nanocrystal model that it is easy for twin to induce local deformation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OmuraYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Omura en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HidaMoritaka en-aut-sei=Hida en-aut-mei=Moritaka kn-aut-name=”๒“cŽ็F kn-aut-sei=”๒“c kn-aut-mei=Ž็F aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakakibaraAkira en-aut-sei=Sakakibara en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=ๅŒดธ kn-aut-sei=ๅŒด kn-aut-mei=ธ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakemotoYoshito en-aut-sei=Takemoto en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name=’|Œณ‰ร—˜ kn-aut-sei=’|Œณ kn-aut-mei=‰ร—˜ aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=32 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=6 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1998 dt-pub=19980420 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Study on Electrical Discharge Machining Characteristics of Coated Electrodes en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Low electrode wear EDM is attained by the adhesion of heat resolved carbon made from kerosine type machining fluid to the electrode end surface. This phenomenon, however, occurs only under long pulse duration. Therefore, the low electrode wear EDM under finishing condition is impossible so far. In the previous paper, the authors developed a turbostratic carbon electrode whose structure is very similar to the heat resolved carbon generated in EDM process and made it clear that the low electrode wear EDM was possible by using the electrode even under finishing condition. In this study, a carbon coated electrode and a SiC coated one which can be made rapidly at low cost were developed and their EDM characteristics were investigated. Experimental analysis pointed it out that both electrodes were effective in reducing electrode wear under finishing condition. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=GuoChangning en-aut-sei=Guo en-aut-mei=Changning kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=UnoYoshiyuki en-aut-sei=Uno en-aut-mei=Yoshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkadaAkira en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakagiTakashi en-aut-sei=Takagi en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department ot Mechanical Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department ot Mechanical Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Ibiden Co., Ltd. END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=33 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=53 end-page=57 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1998 dt-pub=19981130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Method for Designing an Automatic Monitoring System for Unmanned Rooms en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A method for designing a monitoring system with multiple cameras is proposed in order to supervise and recognize the progress of wide work area. First, a wide view camera is deveeloped by combining several usual cameras so that its visual angle could cover more than ƒฮ/2. Secondly, A method for determining the number and location points of cameras is proposed by considering the shape of monitored area and the installation cost of cameras. The monitored area is divided into three kinds of basic shape (rectangular form, L form and convex form). For every basic shape area, the camera is located at the vertex pasition, so that the whole area can be monitored by the camera. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=LiSen kn-aut-sei=Li kn-aut-mei=Sen aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘ๅ่hˆ๊ kn-aut-sei=‘ๅ่ kn-aut-mei=hˆ๊ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KajiharaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Kajihara en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name=ŠŒดN”Ž kn-aut-sei=ŠŒด kn-aut-mei=N”Ž aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MunesawaYosiomi en-aut-sei=Munesawa en-aut-mei=Yosiomi kn-aut-name=@เV—วb kn-aut-sei=@เV kn-aut-mei=—วb aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=33 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=47 end-page=52 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1998 dt-pub=19981130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Recognition Methods Combined Image Processing With 2D or 3D CAD Information (CAD/IP) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this paper, we propose the recognition methods by image processing using 2D or 3D CAD. In the case of 2D CAD, an object is recognized by comparing five characters calculated from the center of gravity and contour. In the case of 3D CAD, there are two recognition methods. Firstly 3D CAD figure is transformed into 2D CAD figures. And an object is recognized by comparing 2D CAD figures with inputted images. Secondly the three dimensional coordinates of vertexes on an object are calculated from the images taken from some cameras and compared 3D coordinates with those of 3D CAD figures and recognized the sort of an object. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=JindaiMitsuru en-aut-sei=Jindai en-aut-mei=Mitsuru kn-aut-name=_‘ใ[ kn-aut-sei=_‘ใ kn-aut-mei=[ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘ๅ่hˆ๊ kn-aut-sei=‘ๅ่ kn-aut-mei=hˆ๊ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KajiharaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Kajihara en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name=ŠŒดN”Ž kn-aut-sei=ŠŒด kn-aut-mei=N”Ž aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MunesawaYosiomi en-aut-sei=Munesawa en-aut-mei=Yosiomi kn-aut-name=@เV—วb kn-aut-sei=@เV kn-aut-mei=—วb aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=33 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=19 end-page=30 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1998 dt-pub=19981130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Measurement of saturated solubilities and diffusion coefficients of pure gases to mineral oil en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The present paper deals with measurements of the diffusion coefficients as well as the saturated solubilities of single component gases such as N(2), O(2) and CO(2) to a mineral oil. The method to determine the diffusivity is based upon measuring the pressure changes caused by the one-dimensional diffusion between the gas and the oil enclosed in an airtight container. For N(2) and O(2) the profiles of the measured pressure changes agree well with those predicted by diffusion theory, whereas that is not the case with CO(2). Although the reason why CO(2) does not seem to obey diffusion theory has yet to be studied, it may suggest the possibility that the diffusion coefficient varies with the pressure, considering that the range of pressure change in the diffusivity measurement was much obtained by this method fell within }30% around the average. Moreover the solubility measurements have made clear that Henry's law holds true between the three pure gases and the oils tested, and that O(2) and CO(2) dissolve into the oil approximately two and ten times more, respectively, than N(2). en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WashioSeiichi en-aut-sei=Washio en-aut-mei=Seiichi kn-aut-name=˜h”๖ฝˆ๊ kn-aut-sei=˜h”๖ kn-aut-mei=ฝˆ๊ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahashiSatoshi en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name=‚‹ด’q kn-aut-sei=‚‹ด kn-aut-mei=’q aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImotoChikashi en-aut-sei=Imoto en-aut-mei=Chikashi kn-aut-name=ˆไŒณ’q‰ยŽŠ kn-aut-sei=ˆไŒณ kn-aut-mei=’q‰ยŽŠ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaAtsumasa en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Atsumasa kn-aut-name=‹g“c“ฤณ kn-aut-sei=‹g“c kn-aut-mei=“ฤณ aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Machanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Machanical Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Kayaba Industry Co., Ltd. affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Machanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=31 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=67 end-page=72 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1997 dt-pub=19970328 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Price Determination Method Based on Price Elasticity en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this paper, we propose the price determination method using the parameter of the price elasticity that shows the relation between price and demand. Firstly, the state of the price elasticity is examined under the condition that the relation between price and demand are assumed by the inverse proportional function, the linear function and the quadratic function. Secondly, the profit is estimated for each product by break even point analysis. And the price is determined under the condition that the relation between the demand and price is shown by one of three@demand-pridce functions above mentioned. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=LiZhenzi kn-aut-sei=Li kn-aut-mei=Zhenzi aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘ๅ่hˆ๊ kn-aut-sei=‘ๅ่ kn-aut-mei=hˆ๊ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KajiharaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Kajihara en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name=ŠŒดN”Ž kn-aut-sei=ŠŒด kn-aut-mei=N”Ž aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=31 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=45 end-page=51 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1997 dt-pub=19970328 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Bioactive Calcium Borosilicate Glasses for Enameling Titanium en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The thermal expansion coefficient of some bioactive glasses in the system CaO-SiO(2)-B(2)O(3) were adjusted to be similar to that of titanium by controlling the composition. A glass of composition 45CaOฅ30SiO(2)ฅ25B(2)O(3) was selected among those as the enameling glass. A slurry was prepared by mixing the glass powder and ethanal to be developed on titanium and heated at 740Ž for 30 min. Thus treated specimen was soaked in a simulated body fluid (Kokubo solutiion). FT-IR reflection and thin film X-ray diffraction analyses indicated apatite formation on the glass coating layer within 12 h of soaking in the fluid. Thus titanium could be provided with bioactivity due to the enameling. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OsakaAkiyoshi en-aut-sei=Osaka en-aut-mei=Akiyoshi kn-aut-name=”๖โ–พ‹` kn-aut-sei=”๖โ kn-aut-mei=–พ‹` aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KobayashiKeizo kn-aut-sei=Kobayashi kn-aut-mei=Keizo aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayakawaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Hayakawa en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name=‘์‘ kn-aut-sei=‘์ kn-aut-mei=‘ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhtsukiChikara en-aut-sei=Ohtsuki en-aut-mei=Chikara kn-aut-name=‘ๅ’ฮŽๅล kn-aut-sei=‘ๅ’ฮ kn-aut-mei=Žๅล aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioengineering Science affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioengineering Science affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioengineering Science affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioengineering Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=31 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=39 end-page=44 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1997 dt-pub=19970328 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Bioactivity of Nb(V) and Ta(V)-Doped Calcium Silicate Glasses en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Nb(2)O(5)-and Ta(2)O(5)-doped calcium si1icate glasses were soaked for various periods in a simulated body fluid(Kokubo solution) up to 30 days. Apatite formation ability of the surface of these glasses were investigated with thin-film X-ray diffraction and FT-IR reflection spectroscopy. The effects of these additive oxides on the bioactivity of CaOฅSiO(2) based glass were discussed. A small amount of Nb(2)O(5) and Ta(2)O(5) suppressed the rate of silica hydrogel layer formation and the apatite formation on the surface of the glasses. The rate of the apatite nucleation on the surface of Nb(2)O(5)-doped calcium silicate glass was slower than that on the surface of Ta(2)O(5)-doped calcium silicate glass. It was concluded that the decrease in the apatite forming ability of calcium silicate glasses by these additive oxides is attributed to the suppression of formation of silica hydrogel layer which plays an important role in apatite nucleation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=ImayoshiNaoki kn-aut-sei=Imayoshi kn-aut-mei=Naoki aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayakawaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Hayakawa en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name=‘์‘ kn-aut-sei=‘์ kn-aut-mei=‘ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhtsukiChikara en-aut-sei=Ohtsuki en-aut-mei=Chikara kn-aut-name=‘ๅ’ฮŽๅล kn-aut-sei=‘ๅ’ฮ kn-aut-mei=Žๅล aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakaAkiyoshi en-aut-sei=Osaka en-aut-mei=Akiyoshi kn-aut-name=”๖โ–พ‹` kn-aut-sei=”๖โ kn-aut-mei=–พ‹` aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=31 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=11 end-page=20 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1997 dt-pub=19970328 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Internal Structure and Phase Transformation of Ti-V Alloy Fine Particles en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Fine particles of Ti-V alloy were prepared by means of arc method and were investigated on internal structure and phase transformation using HR-TEM and EDS. Martensite phase was observed in a particle containing comparatively low concentration of V, and ƒึ phase was also found to exist in a nearly 15% V particle. The structure of the ƒึ phase in the fine particle is remarkably expanded in comparison with the bulk sample, and the ƒึ phase is unstable, so that it has disappeared in a few seconds during TEM observation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=IshiiKouta kn-aut-sei=Ishii kn-aut-mei=Kouta aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakemotoYoshito en-aut-sei=Takemoto en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name=’|Œณ‰ร—˜ kn-aut-sei=’|Œณ kn-aut-mei=‰ร—˜ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HidaMoritaka en-aut-sei=Hida en-aut-mei=Moritaka kn-aut-name=”๒“cŽ็F kn-aut-sei=”๒“c kn-aut-mei=Ž็F aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=31 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=10 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1997 dt-pub=19970328 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Microstructure of Oxide Layers Formed on Magnesium Surface at Elevated Temperature en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The microstructure of oxidizing magnesium at elevated temperatures has been studied using HR-TEM, SEM and EDS. Two kinds of thin magnesium specimen for TEM observation were prepared. One was oxidized after preparing TEM foil of magnesium, the other was prepared from an oxidized bulk magnesium for observing the cross-section of oxide/Mg interfacial region. In the former, several oxides(MgO) morphologies were observed depending on the temperature and time of the oxidization. The growth of needle-like oxides formed at 573K and mottled oxides formed at 773K were recognized as a remarkable phenomenon belonging to the local oxidization. These oxides were composed of poly-crystal. The thin uniform oxidization layer was also observed in all conditions. In the cross-sectional observation, the local oxide layer, nearly 300nm in thickness, on the matrix(Mg) were observed. The thin uniform oxidized layer of bulk samples was identified as a kind of modified layer (~40nm in thickness) in which the formation of HR-TEM lattice fringes were prevented by the strain due to the slight oxidization. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=ArisawaHideaki kn-aut-sei=Arisawa kn-aut-mei=Hideaki aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=SongZhi-Yi kn-aut-sei=Song kn-aut-mei=Zhi-Yi aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakemotoYoshito en-aut-sei=Takemoto en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name=’|Œณ‰ร—˜ kn-aut-sei=’|Œณ kn-aut-mei=‰ร—˜ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HidaMoritaka en-aut-sei=Hida en-aut-mei=Moritaka kn-aut-name=”๒“cŽ็F kn-aut-sei=”๒“c kn-aut-mei=Ž็F aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=43 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=113 end-page=116 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2009 dt-pub=200901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Cost Evaluation of The Improvement of Twisted Ate Pairing That Uses Integer Variable X of Small Hamming Weight en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Barreto?Naehrig (BN) curve has been introduced as an efficient pairing-friendly elliptic curve over prime field F(p) whose embedding degree is 12. The characteristic and Frobenius trace are given as polynomials of integer variable X. The authors proposed an improvement of Miller's algorithm of twisted Ate pairing with BN curve by applying X of small hamming weight in ITC?CSCC2008; however, its cost evaluation has not been explicitly shown. This paper shows the detail of the cost evaluation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakemiYumi en-aut-sei=Sakemi en-aut-mei=Yumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=Katohidehiro en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=hidehiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NogamiYasuyuki en-aut-sei=Nogami en-aut-mei=Yasuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorikawaYoshikawa en-aut-sei=Morikawa en-aut-mei=Yoshikawa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=43 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=108 end-page=112 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2009 dt-pub=200901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Extension Field for Xate Pairing with Freeman Curve en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Recently, pairing-based cryptographies such as ID-based cryptography and group signature have been studied. For fast pairing calculation, not only pairing algorithms but also arithmetic operations in extension field must be efficiently carried out. The authors show efficient arithmetic operations of extension field for Xate pairing especially with Freeman curve. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NekadoKenta en-aut-sei=Nekado en-aut-mei=Kenta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoHidehiro en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Hidehiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NogamiYasuyuki en-aut-sei=Nogami en-aut-mei=Yasuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorikawaYoshitaka en-aut-sei=Morikawa en-aut-mei=Yoshitaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=43 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=99 end-page=107 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2009 dt-pub=200901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A High-Speed Square Root Algorithm for Extension fields -Especially for Fast Extension Fields- en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A square root (SQRT) algorithm in extension field F(p(m))(m = r(0)r(1)ฅฅฅr(n?1)ฅ2(d), r(i) : odd prime, d : positive integer) is proposed in this paper. First, a conventional SQRT algorithm, the Tonelli-Shanks algorithm, is modified to compute the inverse SQRT in F(p(2d)), where most of the computations are performed in the corresponding subfields F(p(2i)) for 0 ? i ? d-1. Then the Frobenius mappings with addition chain are adopted for the proposed SQRT algorithm, in which a lot of computations in a given extension field F(p(m)) are also reduced to those in a proper subfield by the norm computations. Those reductions of the field degree increase efficiency in the SQRT implementation. The Tonelli-Shanks algorithm and the proposed algorithm in F(p(6)) and F(p(10)) were implemented on a Core2 (2.66 GHz) using the C++ programming language. The computer simulations showed that, on average, the proposed algorithm accelerated the SQRT computation by 6 times in F(p(6)), and by 10 times in F(p(10)), compared to the Tonelli-Shanks algorithm. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KatoHidehiro en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Hidehiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NogamiYasuyuki en-aut-sei=Nogami en-aut-mei=Yasuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorikawaYoshitaka en-aut-sei=Morikawa en-aut-mei=Yoshitaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=43 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=93 end-page=98 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2009 dt-pub=200901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Predictor Order and Error Distribution of MMAE Predictors for Lossless Image Coding en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This paper investigates the relation between error distribution and predictive order of minimum mean abusolute error predictors (MMAE predictors) designed for lossless coding of grayscale images. Design of MMAE predictors reduces to the linear programming problem. Let k be the number of coefficients in a predictor (predictor order), we imagine that predictor order k may have a distribution shaping effect. Main purpose of this paper is to ensure that k has such an effect. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UenoHirokazu en-aut-sei=Ueno en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorikawaYoshitaka en-aut-sei=Morikawa en-aut-mei=Yoshitaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=43 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=75 end-page=92 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2009 dt-pub=200901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Human Support Agent for Design and Diagnosis using Classifier System en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=As is well known, an advanced knowledge and know-how are needed in the design and the diagnosis work. Further, human experts can cope with the recent trend of customers needs. Therefore, the design and the diagnosis work have been privately performed in the past, and its information cannot be shared. In addition, the number of experts is decreasing. It is a very important problem to maintain and to extend experts technologies having been built up. For the purpose, methods and systems for technical inheritance of the advanced techniques of the skilled engineers are needed to train the unskilled operators and also can assist skilled operators. In this research, attention is focused on the design of analog filter circuit. To attain the target, the circuit structural classifier system to support design work is developed. Furthermore, simulation technology for hot strip rolling mills based on distributed agents is presented aimed to develop tools for the diagnosis of hot strip rolling mills operation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OheKeita en-aut-sei=Ohe en-aut-mei=Keita kn-aut-name=‘ๅ]Œ[‘พ kn-aut-sei=‘ๅ] kn-aut-mei=Œ[‘พ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonishiMasami en-aut-sei=Konishi en-aut-mei=Masami kn-aut-name=ฌผณ็Z kn-aut-sei=ฌผ kn-aut-mei=ณ็Z aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImaiJun en-aut-sei=Imai en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name=กˆไƒ kn-aut-sei=กˆไ kn-aut-mei=ƒ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Electronic and Information System Engineering Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Electronic and Information System Engineering Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Electronic and Information System Engineering Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=43 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=61 end-page=74 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2009 dt-pub=200901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Human Interface Technology for Operation Support of LargeSized Crane en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this research, a Human Interface system is designed intended to mobile crane. The intervention of human is unavoidable to attain the high performance of electro mechanical system. As is known, crane operation is complicated. Recently, the decrease of expert person induced crane accident. So in near future, it is required a partial automation of crane operation and human support technology. We are aiming at the development of the operation support system for a crane. In this research, development of the hydro mechanical models representing both of static and dynamics movements are made. Further, actual experimental data of operating mobile crane, which are electrical signal data and three-dimension (3D) position of moving load is measured. The actual operating data are compared with the model and it is found that the developed electromechanical model can explain the behaviors of actual data. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KawamuraMao en-aut-sei=Kawamura en-aut-mei=Mao kn-aut-name=์‘บ^‰› kn-aut-sei=์‘บ kn-aut-mei=^‰› aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonishiMasami en-aut-sei=Konishi en-aut-mei=Masami kn-aut-name=ฌผณ็Z kn-aut-sei=ฌผ kn-aut-mei=ณ็Z aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamagataKatuki en-aut-sei=Yamagata en-aut-mei=Katuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimomuraKoichi en-aut-sei=Shimomura en-aut-mei=Koichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Division of Industrial Innovation Science The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Kobelco Cranes co., Ltd affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Kobelco Cranes co., Ltd END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=43 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=55 end-page=60 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2009 dt-pub=200901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Surface Defect Inspection of a Cutting Tool by Image Processing with Neural Networks en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this research, an image processing method and a system for inspection support of a rod figured cutting tool are developed. As is well known, the visual inspection of a cutting tool by image processing is not easy, because cutting blade have a helical blade structure. To cope with the problem, an experimental facility with rotation and longitudinal tool shift functions to enable acquisition of blade surface pictures along a cutting rod is developed. The type of the defect treated in this paper is the spot of coating on blade surface. To judge the quality of the processed image of blade surface, neural network with autonomous learning is used. The processed image of cutting tool is divided into 64 ~ 64 blocks used for the input to the neural networks. Before input, each block data is preprocessed applying a edge detection filter and a transformation by the discrete fourier transform (DFT). Using these technologies, the experimental inspection system is built and tested to check the capabilities of the inspection algorithms. The diagnostic performance of the surface defect of a cutting tool was confirmed. There remained a problem to mis judge the normal tools as the defect. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=InoueShinichiro en-aut-sei=Inoue en-aut-mei=Shinichiro kn-aut-name=ˆไใ^ˆ๊˜Y kn-aut-sei=ˆไใ kn-aut-mei=^ˆ๊˜Y aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonishiMasami en-aut-sei=Konishi en-aut-mei=Masami kn-aut-name=ฌผณ็Z kn-aut-sei=ฌผ kn-aut-mei=ณ็Z aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImaiJun en-aut-sei=Imai en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name=กˆไƒ kn-aut-sei=กˆไ kn-aut-mei=ƒ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Electronic and Information System Engineering Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Industrial Innovation Science Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Industrial Innovation Science Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=43 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=49 end-page=54 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2009 dt-pub=200901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Position Control of 2-Link SCARA Robot by using InternalModel Control en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this paper, the controlled target is the SCARA robot with two links, and the object is fine control of the arm head position of the robot. To attain the object, Internal Model Control (IMC) is introduced. A nonlinear equations are for robot dynamics formulated by solving Lagrange equation, and is linearized to design control system by IMC. The controller of IMC is designed or synthesisted as the inverse system of the linearized model, and IMC filter model is selected. Also, reference filter is introduced to make the improvement of performance. The result of control performance by IMC is compared with that of PID numerically, accuracy and incoherency are confirmed. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AkamatsuShinya en-aut-sei=Akamatsu en-aut-mei=Shinya kn-aut-name=ิผT–็ kn-aut-sei=ิผ kn-aut-mei=T–็ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonishiMasami en-aut-sei=Konishi en-aut-mei=Masami kn-aut-name=ฌผณ็Z kn-aut-sei=ฌผ kn-aut-mei=ณ็Z aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImaiJun en-aut-sei=Imai en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name=กˆไƒ kn-aut-sei=กˆไ kn-aut-mei=ƒ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Electronic and Information System Engineering Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Industrial Innovation Science Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Industrial Innovation Science Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=43 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=39 end-page=48 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2009 dt-pub=200901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Positioning Control of One Link Arm with ParametricUncertainty using Quantitative Feedback Theory en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This paper presents method of the controller design for one link arm with parametric uncertainty. Recently, many manufacturing robots are operated in manufacturing facilities, with the aim of labor and cost saving or improvement of the productivity. Such robots need to have positioning performance of high precision. In condition that there is an uncertainty in plant dynamics, desired control performance may not be attained because the controller is designed according to the mathematical model of a plant. So it is important that the designed control system have a robust control performance. In this paper, the robust controller is designed using Quantitative Feedback Theory (QFT) for one link arm with parametric uncertainty. Simulation experiments are run for control system designed by using QFT and conventional method. The results are compared with each other and it is found that the control system designed by QFT shows a robust performance and can suppress the unevenness of output against parametric uncertainty. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KuwashimaTakayuki en-aut-sei=Kuwashima en-aut-mei=Takayuki kn-aut-name=ŒK“ˆ’s kn-aut-sei=ŒK“ˆ kn-aut-mei=’s aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImaiJun en-aut-sei=Imai en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name=กˆไƒ kn-aut-sei=กˆไ kn-aut-mei=ƒ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonishiMasami en-aut-sei=Konishi en-aut-mei=Masami kn-aut-name=ฌผณ็Z kn-aut-sei=ฌผ kn-aut-mei=ณ็Z aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=43 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=32 end-page=38 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2009 dt-pub=200901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Tracking Control of Combination Vehicles with PreviewFeedforward Compensation en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A tractor-trailer vehicle in the factory might move on the route determined beforehand. However, automation of a tractor-trailer vehicle is difficult so that it is necessary to consider the nonlinearity of a vehicle and a trailer. In this research, the effective tracking control method of a tractor-trailer vehicle is proposed. The control method using time-state control form for a preview control is presented, and be applied a tractor-trailer vehicle with nonholonomic characteristics. Results of numerical experiments are presented to check effectiveness of the proposed control method. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MabuchiShuji en-aut-sei=Mabuchi en-aut-mei=Shuji kn-aut-name=”nŸบŽŽก kn-aut-sei=”nŸบ kn-aut-mei=ŽŽก aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonishiMasami en-aut-sei=Konishi en-aut-mei=Masami kn-aut-name=ฌผณ็Z kn-aut-sei=ฌผ kn-aut-mei=ณ็Z aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImaiJun en-aut-sei=Imai en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name=กˆไƒ kn-aut-sei=กˆไ kn-aut-mei=ƒ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=43 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=27 end-page=31 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2009 dt-pub=200901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Experimental Conditions for Observation of ThermodynamicInstability and Critical Point of Fine Particle (Dusty) Plasmas en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=When the Coulomb coupling between fine particles becomes sufficiently strong in fine particle plasmas, the isothermal compressibility of the whole system diverges and we have a phase separation and an associated critical point. Experimental conditions of fine particle plasmas, densities and temperatures of components and the fine particle size, are obtained corresponding to characteristic parameters around the critical point and the dependency on ion species and other factors is discussed. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’า_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’า kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=43 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=22 end-page=26 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2009 dt-pub=200901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Information Transfer and Entanglement Creation by Spin Chains: Effects of Noise and Asymmetry en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=For the transfer of quantum information and the creation of entangled states, the application of tuned spin chains, systems of spins with the nearest-neighbor coupling tuned so as to give high efficiency, has been proposed and some examples of high performance have been given by several authors. In this article, the effect of deviations from tuned values and the effect of resultant asymmetry are investigated through numerical simulations and theoretical analyses. It is shown that there exists a system where the transfer efficiency is comparable with exactly tuned ones and, at the same time, robust to noises in the coupling constants. It is also shown that the effect of asymmetry on the efficiency of entanglement creation is of the second order when the asymmetry is small. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’า_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’า kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=ChaiHong kn-aut-sei=Chai kn-aut-mei=Hong aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiChieko en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Chieko kn-aut-name=“Œ’า็Ž}Žq kn-aut-sei=“Œ’า kn-aut-mei=็Ž}Žq aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsurutaKenji en-aut-sei=Tsuruta en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=’฿“cŒ’“๑ kn-aut-sei=’฿“c kn-aut-mei=Œ’“๑ aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=43 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=16 end-page=21 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2009 dt-pub=200901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=FDTD Simulations of Acoustic Waves in Two-DimensionalPhononic Crystals using Parallel Computer en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method has been applied to the calculation of the phonon band structure of two-dimensional (2D) phononic crystals, consisting of metal cylinders placed periodically in liquid. By comparing several combinations of materials for metal cylinder and liquid, we analyze the dependence of the band structures on sound speed and density of liquid media. Moreover, the negative refraction of the acoustic waves is observed at the interfaces between phononic crystal slab and the liquid. We find that an acousticglens effecthwith the slab appears due to the negative refractions. The relationship between the focal intensity in the lens effect and the band structure is discussed. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KuroseTomoyuki kn-aut-sei=Kurose kn-aut-mei=Tomoyuki aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsurutaKenji en-aut-sei=Tsuruta en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=’฿“cŒ’“๑ kn-aut-sei=’฿“c kn-aut-mei=Œ’“๑ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiChieko en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Chieko kn-aut-name=“Œ’า็Ž}Žq kn-aut-sei=“Œ’า kn-aut-mei=็Ž}Žq aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’า_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’า kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=43 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=8 end-page=15 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2009 dt-pub=200901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Dispersion Models and Electromagnetic FDTD Analyses ofNanostructured Metamaterials using Parallel Computer en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Metamaterial which has negative permittivity and permeability is investigated via computer simulations. Effects of the nanostructure on dielectric and magnetic properties of the material are taken into account by introducing the Drude-Lorentz model in the materials dispersion. We include multi-band process in the dielectric response in order to reproduce accurately experimental values of bulk Au thin film. Size effect on the dispersion is examined by comparing the model with that of a noble metal particle. Based on the dispersion model constructed, we analyze the electromagnetic response of nanostructured metamaterials to evanescent waves at microwave and optical frequencies via finite-difference time-domain simulatioins on parallel computer. A re- focusing and an amplification of the evanescent waves propagating through a metamaterial, consisting of metal slab/vacuum stacking, is demonstrated for the frequencies of 30GHz and 744THz. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=UmedaRyosuke kn-aut-sei=Umeda kn-aut-mei=Ryosuke aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiChieko en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Chieko kn-aut-name=“Œ’า็Ž}Žq kn-aut-sei=“Œ’า kn-aut-mei=็Ž}Žq aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsurutaKenji en-aut-sei=Tsuruta en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=’฿“cŒ’“๑ kn-aut-sei=’฿“c kn-aut-mei=Œ’“๑ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’า_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’า kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=43 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1 end-page=7 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2009 dt-pub=200901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Crystal rotation behavior with fatigue crack propagation in copper films en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Using a fatigue testing method by which fatigue cracks can be initiated and propagated in a film adhered to cover an elliptical through-hole in a base plate subjected to push-pull cyclic loads, annealed copper films with the thickness of 100ƒสm and those reduced the thickness from the 100ƒสm to 50ƒสm by an electro-polishing were fatigued under a constant stress amplitude with a stress ratio of zero. The crystal rotation behavior with the fatigue crack propagation was investigated by measuring the crystal orientation around the fatigue crack initiated from the notch root before and after fatigue testing, using EBSD (Electron Back-scatter Diffraction) method. Then, the change of crystal orientation with fatigue testing was evaluated quantitatively from the misorientation between the crystal orientation matrix on the same point obtained before and after fatigue testing. As a result, the angle of the crystal rotation obtained from the region showing the high fatigue crack propagation rate was larger than that obtained from the region showing the low fatigue crack propagation rate for the film with the thickness of 100ƒสm, while the fatigue crack propagated faster in the film with the thickness of 50ƒสm than that with the thickness of 100ƒสm regardless of the small crystal rotation angles with the fatigue testing for the film with the thickness of 50ƒสm. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShimizuKenichi en-aut-sei=Shimizu en-aut-mei=Kenichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToriiTashiyuki en-aut-sei=Torii en-aut-mei=Tashiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshidaKoki en-aut-sei=Ishida en-aut-mei=Koki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Industrial Innovation Sciences The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Industrial Innovation Sciences The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Uchiyama Manufacturing Corp. END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=61 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1975 dt-pub=19750701 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=ERRATUM en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=School of Engineering, Okayama University kn-aut-sei=School of Engineering, Okayama University kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=31 end-page=45 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1987 dt-pub=19870305 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Some Remarks on Finite Element Mesh Modeling of Crack-Tip Area en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The aim of this paper is to present some remarks on the arrangement of finte element mesh modeling of the area adjacent to the crack-tip which locates in two-dimensional area. Since the stress distribution near crack-tip is singular, the arrangement of mesh pattern and the selection of mesh type in the crack area govern the accuracy of the solution. This paper gives some informations on the arrangement of finite elements in the area which are obtained through numerous number of numerical experiments. And the effectivity of Zooming Technique for stress analysis is clarified through the experiments. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TaniguchiTakeo kn-aut-sei=Taniguchi kn-aut-mei=Takeo aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=SanadaKenji kn-aut-sei=Sanada kn-aut-mei=Kenji aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MatsumotoHajime kn-aut-sei=Matsumoto kn-aut-mei=Hajime aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MoriwakiKiyoaki kn-aut-sei=Moriwaki kn-aut-mei=Kiyoaki aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=21 end-page=30 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1987 dt-pub=19870305 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Car Ownership in Households en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Car ownership in households is analyzed by disaggregate behavioral modeling technique. Two models are built to analyze characteristic features of car ownership. The results are (1) The number of driver licenses in a household is, as a matter of course, most influencing on car ownership and multi-ownership. (2) Family size is the second most influencing. (3) Utilily obtainable by owning second or third car is higher in the household of primary industry than that of the other industry. (4) Inclination of household to be car owner is stronger in a sparsely inhabited zone than in a densely inhabited. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MyojinSho kn-aut-sei=Myojin kn-aut-mei=Sho aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KishinoKeiichi kn-aut-sei=Kishino kn-aut-mei=Keiichi aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=9 end-page=19 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1987 dt-pub=19870305 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Influence of Sewage Treatment System on Water Quality in Kojima Lake en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This study dealt with the characteristics of hydrodynamics of Kojima Lake and the influence of a regional sewage treatment system in construction on the lake. Clockwise and anticlockwise circulations are caused by seasonal winds in summer and winter, respectively. The distribution of a conservative material continuously discharged off the shore of the sewage treatment plant is scarcely affected by seasonal winds and river discharges. The sewage treatment system improves the water quality of the lake except T-N. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KawaraOsami kn-aut-sei=Kawara kn-aut-mei=Osami aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=NasuKiyotaka kn-aut-sei=Nasu kn-aut-mei=Kiyotaka aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Tokyo Construction Consultants co.,Ltd. END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=7 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1987 dt-pub=19870305 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Depth Dependency of Hardness Change of Ti-Mo Alloys en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We investigated the effects of resolved interstitial oxygen or nitrogen atoms and of quenched-in strain on the hardening of the single crystals grown from molten Ti-14 and 20wt pct Mo alloys. The aging treatment at 623K in atmosphere much more increased in the hardness of specimen surface than that in argon atmosphere. The quenched-in compressive stress enhanced age hardening due to omega formation. We surveyed in detail the hardness changes toward the center of plate-shaped single crystal. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TakemotoYoshito kn-aut-sei=Takemoto kn-aut-mei=Yoshito aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HidaMoritaka kn-aut-sei=Hida kn-aut-mei=Moritaka aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Science affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=81 end-page=91 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1986 dt-pub=19861115 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Dynamic Behavior of Sand Bed around Structure under Wave Motion en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Under the attack of storm waves, there are many destructions of coastal structures due to scouring, sinking and sliding. These types of destructions are considered to be in close relation to the dynamic behavior of sand bed around the structures. In this study the characteristics of pore water pressure and stresses in the sand bed around a breakwater under the attack of superposed waves are treated theoretically. The results show that during the crest or the trough being in front of the structure the strength of sand bed around the structure decreases notably and the unstable zone will occur. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=NagoHiroshi kn-aut-sei=Nago kn-aut-mei=Hiroshi aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MaenoShiro kn-aut-sei=Maeno kn-aut-mei=Shiro aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=71 end-page=79 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1986 dt-pub=19861115 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Determination of Coefficients of Groundwater Flow in Multilayered Aquifers en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=It is difficult to determine the coefficients of groundwater flow from the data which were obtained from the drawdown test in a multiaquifer system. In this paper, new methods of analyzing drawdown-tests are developed and illustrated with the example to determine aquifer coefficients. In a double-layered aquifer, the analytical solution of drawdown test, in which water is discharged from both layers, is derived. And also the theoretical solution to determine the coefficient of storage by using an index of elasticity of a confined aquifer is derived. From these solutions, methods of determining the coefficient of transmissibility in a double-layered aquifer and the coefficinent of storage in a confined aquifer are got. The example analysis to determine aquifer coefficients is shown. As a result, the characteristics which were obtained by these methods are verified by the real drawdown test data. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TakeshitaYuji kn-aut-sei=Takeshita kn-aut-mei=Yuji aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=NishigakiMakoto kn-aut-sei=Nishigaki kn-aut-mei=Makoto aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KohnoIichiro kn-aut-sei=Kohno kn-aut-mei=Iichiro aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=31 end-page=46 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1983 dt-pub=19830630 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Estimation Method of the Optimum Relaxation Factor for the Successive Overrelaxation Method en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=New estimation method of the optimum relaxation factor for the successive overrelaxation method (SOR) is proposed, and the efficiency of the new method is surveyed through a number of numerical experiments. This method can a priori determine the value of the factor by using only the topological properties of the problem, and it is valid for a sparse set of linear equations obtained by using the five-point difference scheme for any rectangular area with arbitrary boundary conditions. The experiments clarify that the method can estimate good approximate value of the factor. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TaniguchiTakeo kn-aut-sei=Taniguchi kn-aut-mei=Takeo aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=IkutaShusaku kn-aut-sei=Ikuta kn-aut-mei=Shusaku aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=57 end-page=70 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1986 dt-pub=19861115 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Prediction of Shrinkage and Creep of Concrete en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=New prediction equations of shrinkage and creep of concrete are proposed, and the efficiency of the new equations are investigated through a number of experimental data. Furthermore,the characteristics and applications of the prediction equations presented in the codes of many countries are also discussed. The results showing that the new equations could estimate shrinkage and creep of concrete within a certain measure of accuracy were obtained. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=SakataKenji kn-aut-sei=Sakata kn-aut-mei=Kenji aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KohnoIichiro kn-aut-sei=Kohno kn-aut-mei=Iichiro aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=45 end-page=55 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1986 dt-pub=19861115 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Charge Density Fluctuation in Ionic Mixtures en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The total charge fluctuation spectrum of ionic mixtures is analyzed on the basis of the solution of the hypernetted-chain equation for the binary ionic mixtures. A simple but sufficiently accurate scaling law in the domain of intermediate coupling is obtained and the result is applied to the calculation of the bremsstrahlung emission and absorption rates in high density plasmas composed of ions of many species. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo kn-aut-sei=Totsuji kn-aut-mei=Hiroo aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electronics END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=31 end-page=43 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1986 dt-pub=19861115 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Surface Properties of Classical One-Component Plasma en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Surface properties of classical one-component plasma are investigated by numerical experiments on the system with periodicity in two directions perpendicular to the planar surface. The density profile, the electrostatic potential, the electric field, and the surface energy are obtained for intermediate values of the coupling parameter of bulk part r and compared with earlier experiments on spherical system. For r=10, the surface energy is almost the same as earlier result. For r =1, however, the surface energy is reduced about a factor of 2. The consistency of experimental values of the potential with the exact relation is checked and necessity of large system size is pointed out. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo kn-aut-sei=Totsuji kn-aut-mei=Hiroo aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electronics END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=17 end-page=30 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1986 dt-pub=19861115 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Computer Program of Assembly Line Balancing Considering the Performance Rate of Each Work Station en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Assembly line balancing is to assign work elements to serial work stations so as to make the work content at each station as close as possible to one limiting cycle time or pitch time, i.e., an upper time limit over every station. Until now, it is usually assumed that the performance rates of work stations are constant. But in practice the performance abilities of workers, machines or robots are varied by their own working conditions. Then the actual station times are different from standard ones, and consequently the line balance may diminish in many cases. Therefore in this paper, we propose an improved balancing method, in which work elements can be assigned to the work station having the upper time limit changed by its performance rate or ability. Further we develop the computer program of the proposed method and provide an illustrative problem and computational results. In an application of our method to the practical problems, it is shown that the actual efficiency of the production line becomes near that planned. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=AkagiFumio kn-aut-sei=Akagi kn-aut-mei=Fumio aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu kn-aut-sei=Osaki kn-aut-mei=Hirokazu aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Science affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=15 end-page=29 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1983 dt-pub=19830630 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Transmission Distance and Bit Rate in an Optical-Fiber Multi-Level PCM Transmission System en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Optical-fiber multi-level PCM transmission system is investigated on the transmission distance and bit rate. A communication channel is established as follows: a light signal is modulated in intensity with a completely-balanced M-Ievel code at a transmitter, and is propagated over an optical glass fiber, and is demodulated at a receiver where the signal with an additive noise is processed through a PD, an equalizing amplifier, a matched filter, (M-l) comparators and a decision circuit. The relative power of the noise from the amplifier is increased in accordance with the reciprocal of fiber's transmittance, where shot noise and thermal noise are smoothed and decreased in power by the matched filter. The relation between the BER and the SNR leads the transmission distance. The product of the transmission distance and bit rate takes the large maximum at the large values of SNR and M. The large value of M is suitable for low-speed and high-rate system, and the interference system. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TanadaYoshihiro kn-aut-sei=Tanada kn-aut-mei=Yoshihiro aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=SanoHiroya kn-aut-sei=Sano kn-aut-mei=Hiroya aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=XuHai kn-aut-sei=Xu kn-aut-mei=Hai aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electronics affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electronics affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Northeastern Normal University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=16 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1986 dt-pub=19861115 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Analysis of Brushless-dc Motor Drive System Taking Account of a Load en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In the power converter of ac drive system the switching behavior of semiconductors causes the distorted voltage and current waveforms, thus the drive characteristics are affected by them. It is, especially, an essential problem that the distorted current waveforms induce the torque ripple. It is assumed in the previous analysis that the input voltage of inverter is a ripple-free dc one. In industry, however, the input voltage of inverter is gained by rectifying the ac voltage. The torque ripple is caused by not only the behavior of inverter but also the behavior of converter. It is required to develop the analysis taking account of the both behaviors. In this paper, the analysis of brushless-dc motor drive system is proposed taking account of the ac supply, power converter, motor and load. This analytical method is the most suitable one for the analysis of practical system. The effects of factors, e.g. filter constants, inverter frequency, phase relation between ac supply and inverter cycle, load and inertia on the speed variation are revealed by this analysis. Further, the decision of filter constants is discussed from a view of speed variation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=FunabikiShigeyuki kn-aut-sei=Funabiki kn-aut-mei=Shigeyuki aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=ImanakaAkira kn-aut-sei=Imanaka kn-aut-mei=Akira aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HimeiToyoji kn-aut-sei=Himei kn-aut-mei=Toyoji aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Mitsubishi Electric Co. affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=14 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1983 dt-pub=19830630 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Computer Aided Design of Thyristor Phase-Control Circuits en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The paper presents the computer aided design (CAD) method, the program, the design and the experimental results of inverse parallel thyristor phase control circuits. The calculated values agree well with the measured. The CAD program contains the next two methods which are inquired carefully by authors, such as (i) the optimization by SUMT (Sequential Unconstrained Minimization Technique) method, and (ii) the combined use of the gradient and the cramp calculation methods. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=NakanishiSen-ichiro kn-aut-sei=Nakanishi kn-aut-mei=Sen-ichiro aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KatsuyamaYoshiaki kn-aut-sei=Katsuyama kn-aut-mei=Yoshiaki aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HimeiToyoji kn-aut-sei=Himei kn-aut-mei=Toyoji aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=The Kansai Electric Power Co. Inc. affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=55 end-page=66 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1986 dt-pub=19860228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Two-Dimensional Automatic Mesh Generator for Finite Element Analysis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this study a new automatic mesh generator for 2- dimensional finite element analysis is proposed, and its effectivity is surveyed through a number of test examples. Proposed one is for a micro-computer, and the program is written in BASIC. The user needs no preparation for making finite element model in advance. All of the neccessary informations are displayed on CRT display and its user may answer for questions. It is expected that the cost neccessary for preparing the input-data for finite element analysis is largely decreased. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TaniguchiTakeo kn-aut-sei=Taniguchi kn-aut-mei=Takeo aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MitsuokaKazuhiko kn-aut-sei=Mitsuoka kn-aut-mei=Kazuhiko aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KajitaniEiji kn-aut-sei=Kajitani kn-aut-mei=Eiji aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Former Student of Civil Engineering Department END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=97 end-page=105 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1983 dt-pub=19830225 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Preparation and Dielectric Properties of [Ba,Sr]TiO(3)-Al(2)O(3)-SiO(2) Glass-Ceramics en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A series of ferroelectric glass-ceramics was elaborated by the controlled growth of Ba(1-x)Sr(x)TiO(3) crystal particles in the glass system 60[Ba(1-y)Sr(y)]TiO(3)-10Al(2)O(3)-30SiO(2)(0…y…0.2) in molar basis. Analysis of crystal phases by X-ray diffraction revealed that Sr content in Ba(1-x)Sr(x)TiO(3) increased with increasing content of SrO in glasses by its preferential transfer into the crystal phase, and the appropriate temperature for the crystal growth was 1100‹C. Curie temperatures of glass -ceramics shifted to lower temperature with increasing SrO content in the crystal and comparatively high dielectric constant was obtained at room temperature for a glass-ceramics with y=0.2. Frequency dependences of dielectric constant and loss tangent were examined in the frequency range from 1 K to 1 M Hz. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=OdaKiichi kn-aut-sei=Oda kn-aut-mei=Kiichi aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=YoshioTetsuo kn-aut-sei=Yoshio kn-aut-mei=Tetsuo aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=O-okaKazuo kn-aut-sei=O-oka kn-aut-mei=Kazuo aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Research Institute for Non-Crystalline Materials affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Research Institute for Non-Crystalline Materials affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Research Institute for Non-Crystalline Materials END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=47 end-page=53 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1986 dt-pub=19860228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Inflow Control on Expressway Considering Traffic Equilibria en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=When expressway and roads coexist, it is necessary to establish a reasonable traffic share between them. It may be practiced by the regulation of toll-rate of expressway. But at an occasional traffic congestion, the reasonable share is disturbed, so that some traffic control means should be taken. In this paper, we deal how to control inflows on expressway, from a viewpoint of the optimal share between expressway and roads. The minimization of total travel cost in a system is aimed under traffic equilibrium conditions. The problem is formed as a two-stage programming model, and a simple example solving the problem is showed. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=InouyeHiroshi kn-aut-sei=Inouye kn-aut-mei=Hiroshi aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=35 end-page=45 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1986 dt-pub=19860228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Dynamic Behavior of Sand Bed under Oscillating Water Pressure en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Under the attack of storm waves, there are many destructions of coastal structures in the forms of sinking and sliding. These types of destructions will be in close relation to the dynamic behavior of sand bed around the structures. From this point of view, in this paper, we investigate the characteristics of the pore water pressure and effective stresses in the highly saturated sand bed under oscillating water pressure theoretically. The results indicate that the oscillating water pressure induce the notable drop of strength of sand bed around the structure under certain condition. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=NagoHiroshi kn-aut-sei=Nago kn-aut-mei=Hiroshi aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MaenoShiro kn-aut-sei=Maeno kn-aut-mei=Shiro aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=81 end-page=96 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1983 dt-pub=19830225 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Estimation of the Number of Iterations for Detinite Convergence Condition by Use of the Gauss-Seidel Method en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this investigation the estimation method of the number of iterations for definite convergence condition by use of the Gauss-Seidel method applied for a set of linear equations which is obtained from the finite element analysis (or the finite difference analysis) of any rectangular area subdivided into N*M is proposed. Though the number of iterations can be obtained by using the eigenvalue of the governing equations, the proposed method does not require the eigenvalue but only the values of Nand M. Numerical experiments on this estimation method clarify that the estimated values are within the error bound of 10%. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TaniguchiTakeo kn-aut-sei=Taniguchi kn-aut-mei=Takeo aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KaneiToshio kn-aut-sei=Kanei kn-aut-mei=Toshio aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Yagumo Kensetsu Consultant Co. Ltd. END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=73 end-page=79 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1983 dt-pub=19830225 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Optimal Toll Rate and Expansion of Urban Expressway en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Some extension is made of the previous papers of the same title in order to investigate (1) what aspect consumers' surplus has according to the characteristics of inverse demand curve and (2) where the maximum consumers' surplus is reached in an equilibrium of toll revenues and cost. As for (1) three kinds of inverse demand curves are assumed in general form. The marginal consumers' surplus to expansion of expressway network is proved to be of definite sign (positive or negative) or equal to zero according to each curve assumed. For each of curves, the region where consumers' surplus finds its maximum is also shown on the expressway users ~ network expansion plane. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MyojinSho kn-aut-sei=Myojin kn-aut-mei=Sho aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=OhnishiMasahiko kn-aut-sei=Ohnishi kn-aut-mei=Masahiko aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate Student, Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=61 end-page=71 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1983 dt-pub=19830225 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effect of Displacement Method on Sand Bed Liquefaction under Oscillating Water Pressure en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this paper the liquefaction of sand bed under oscillating water pressure are treated as a basic study of the prevention works against the scouring around the hydraulic structures. The results of the former resurch show that the occurrence of the liquefaction depends on both properties of the oscillating water pressure and of the sand layer. Considering the latter properties, that is, the resistivity against the liquefaction increases with the increase of the permeability of the sand bed, we propose the displcement method as one of the prevention works, which is a method to displace the upper layer of the sand bed by the sand with large permeability. The effects of this method are investigated theoretically and experimentally. By the experimental study, it is shown that the proposed displacement method has the apparent effect to prevent the liquefaction. The experimental results are explained fairly well by the theoretical analysis based on the theory of the flow through the elastic porous media. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MaenoShiro kn-aut-sei=Maeno kn-aut-mei=Shiro aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=NagoHiroshi kn-aut-sei=Nago kn-aut-mei=Hiroshi aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=21 end-page=33 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1986 dt-pub=19860228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=SAXS from the GP Zones in Al-4mass % Cu Alloy at Initial Stages of Ageing en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A series of small-angle X-ray scattering photographs with monochromated and point focussed copper Ka(1) radiation was taken of a single crystal of an Al-4mass % Cu alloy at the as-quenched state from 823K and at successive stages of ageing at 313K. The crystal was so oriented that the incident direction of the radiation was along [001] axis, and was cooled with liquid nitrogen during the exposure. The pattern of the as-quenched state was homogeneous, but each of the patterns of the aged states consisted of streaks along [100] and [010] directions and a quasi-ring around the trace of the incident beam on the film (even at the shortest ageing time. l6sec). The most intense regions were found in [100], [010] , [100] and [010] directions on the ring. With the progress of the ageing the streaks and the ring became more intense and narrower. The results can be interpreted from points of view of the formation of the GP zones parallel to {100} planes ab initio, the effect of the inter-particle interference on scattering of X-rays, and the growth of the GP zones with the ageing. Guinier radius of the GP zones at each stage can be obtained from intensity change along [110], and the values are reasonably consistent with those obtained from the cross section of the streak. The presence of multi-layer zones, besides the one-layer ones, is suggested from the humps found on several intensity curves along [100] at later stages. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamadaMasuo en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=Masuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhtaMutsuo en-aut-sei=Ohta en-aut-mei=Mutsuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakakibaraAkira en-aut-sei=Sakakibara en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=ๅŒดธ kn-aut-sei=ๅŒด kn-aut-mei=ธ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Science affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Science affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=41 end-page=60 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1983 dt-pub=19830225 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Off-Line Stereo Plotting by Means of Image Correlation en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The algorithm of automatic stereo plotting by iterative image correlation from aerial photographs and the corresponding empirical tests are described. The algorithm is oriented to off-line process, using a image scanner and a general purpose computer, and consists of 3 hierarchical correlation steps, based on one-dimensional matching using usual correlation maximum. For the correlation calculation, the FFT is effectively used. Though some defects exist in the algorithm at present, close contour plotting to middle scale maps is available except in hilly regions, in which marked features in ground covers do not exist. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MoriChuji kn-aut-sei=Mori kn-aut-mei=Chuji aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HattoriSusumu kn-aut-sei=Hattori kn-aut-mei=Susumu aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HamateShinya kn-aut-sei=Hamate kn-aut-mei=Shinya aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Yakumo Constructional Consultants Co. Ltd. END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=15 end-page=40 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1983 dt-pub=19830225 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Analysis of Three-Phase Thyristor Phase Control Circuit with Series RLC Elements en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=An ac phase control circuit by thyristor is widely used in industry, The characteristics of the singlephase circuit with series RLC elements are numerically analyzed, and is reported the interesting phenomenon of step-up voltage without transformer. However, the performance of three phase phase control circuit with series RLC elements is not made clear. In this paper, the performance of three-phase control circuit of a balanced and an unbalanced load with series RLC elements is described. The analytical programs with each load are developed, and it is clarified that the calculated by this analytical program agree well with the measured. The calculated results, e.g. waveforms, RMS values of voltage and current, power, and power factor are illustrated and discussed the step-up phenomenon in three phase. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HimeiToyoji kn-aut-sei=Himei kn-aut-mei=Toyoji aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=NakanishiSen-ichiro kn-aut-sei=Nakanishi kn-aut-mei=Sen-ichiro aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=FunabikiShigeyuki kn-aut-sei=Funabiki kn-aut-mei=Shigeyuki aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KomatsubaraHitoshi kn-aut-sei=Komatsubara kn-aut-mei=Hitoshi aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KuroseOsamu kn-aut-sei=Kurose kn-aut-mei=Osamu aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical Engineering affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Electrical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=20 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1986 dt-pub=19860228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Size of Bubbles and Gas Holdup in Bubble Columns en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Bubble columns are extensively used in the chemical industry. This paper evaluates the present state of the art on the size of bubbles from a sieve plate and gas holdup, mainly on the basis of the results of the authors, including previous ones. The size of bubbles formed from a sieve plate has an insignificant effect of chamber volume, and gas holdup shows some different behavior, depending on the hole diameter to liquid depth. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MiyaharaToshiro kn-aut-sei=Miyahara kn-aut-mei=Toshiro aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TakahashiTeruo kn-aut-sei=Takahashi kn-aut-mei=Teruo aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Chemistry affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Chemistry END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=13 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1983 dt-pub=19830225 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Hydraulic Properties of Froth Layer on a Perforated Plate en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This paper deals with the comparison of gas-liquid holdup and froth height on a perforated plate under various operational conditions such as liquid stagnant, cocurrent, countercurrent and crosscurrent gas-liquid flow system. Tendency to foam is remarkable in countercurrent and crosscurrent flow system. The crosscurrent flow system is suitable for the operation of mass transfer from the point of view of gas-liquid holdup. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TakahashiTeruo kn-aut-sei=Takahashi kn-aut-mei=Teruo aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MiyaharaToshiro kn-aut-sei=Miyahara kn-aut-mei=Toshiro aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Chemistry affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Chemistry END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=89 end-page=99 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1982 dt-pub=19820329 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Finite Element Analysis of Salt Water Intrusion in Nonsteady Seepage en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this paper are described on the finite element analysis of the nonsteady behavior of interface between salt- and freshwater in coastal groundwater. In order to investigate the validity and the accuracy of this numerical analysis solution, the results calculated by this finite element analysis have been compared with the laboratory model tests. The numerical results showed the very good agreement with the experimental data. Moreover, some applications of this analytical method have been performed. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KohnoIichiro kn-aut-sei=Kohno kn-aut-mei=Iichiro aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=NishigakiMakoto kn-aut-sei=Nishigaki kn-aut-mei=Makoto aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=75 end-page=87 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1982 dt-pub=19820329 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Modifications of an Asynchronous Ring Arbiter en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Some modifications of an asynchronous ring arbiter are proposed. This arbiter is composed of a chain of cells. Each cell has one to one correspondence to a device. In the chain, there exists only one privilege to arbitrate conflicts of requests from many devices. A class of modifications is high speed arbiters, obtained by increasing the number of connecting wires between two adjacent cells. As the results, the time required for the privilege to pass through a cell decreases by about one-half compared with the original arbiter. Another class of modifications is arbiters with priority rules. They are obtained by adding a few hardware to the original arbiter. The priority order of request acknowledgements in all the cells is specified. Using above modifications, conflicts of requests in many digital systems may be feasibly arbitrated. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=OkamotoTakuji kn-aut-sei=Okamoto kn-aut-mei=Takuji aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electronics END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=45 end-page=52 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1985 dt-pub=19851108 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Continuous Monitoring System for the Wastewaters Having Multiply, Randomly, and Small Effluent Characteristics -Approarch to Analysis of Chemical Oxygen Demand by Complete Flow Process- en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A simple system was developed for the fully automatic and continuous measurement of chemical oxygen demand (COD) in wastewater samples based on colorimetry of dichromate. A sample and a solution of sulfuric acid (1+1) containing 2mM potassium dichromate are continuously pumped with a double-reciprocating micro-pump at each flow rate of 0.3 ml/min. The wastewater sample is filtered at first with a 100-mesh stainless filter and then mixed with the dichromate solution in the mixing joint. The mixture is introduced into a reaction coil made of poly(tetrafluoroethylene) tubing (1 mm i.d., 3 mm o.d., and 20 m length), being placed in an oil bath (120Ž). After reaction, the mixture passes into a quartz tubular flow-through cell (10 mm path length, 18 ƒสl volume) in a spectrophotometer, and the absorbance is measured at 445 nm. The COD value of the sample is automatically estimated from the amount of decreased absorbance. The system was successfully applied to COD measurement of some waters, and to continuous monitoring of COD in wastewater of university laboratories. The system was also evaluated by comparing with the flow injection analyzer system previously developed by the authors. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KorenagaTakashi kn-aut-sei=Korenaga kn-aut-mei=Takashi aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MoriwakeTosio kn-aut-sei=Moriwake kn-aut-mei=Tosio aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TakahashiTeruo kn-aut-sei=Takahashi kn-aut-mei=Teruo aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Center for Environmental Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Synthetic Chemistry affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Chemistry END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=59 end-page=74 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1982 dt-pub=19820329 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=EXAFS Study on Local Structure of Iron Crystal by the Use of Asymmetrical Monochromator and PSPC en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The EXAFS spectroscopy equipment constructed from an asymmetrical cut flat monochromator and PSPC is applied to the structural determination of pure ƒฟ-iron which has small difference (0.038nm) in the first and second nearest neighbour distance. The efficiency of the curve fitting method for the two shell model of known structure material (ƒฟ-iron) is discussed, in addition to describing the details of the experimental procedure of our new type of spectrometer and of the EXAFS data analysis. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HidaM. kn-aut-sei=Hida kn-aut-mei=M. aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MaedaH. kn-aut-sei=Maeda kn-aut-mei=H. aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TanabeK. kn-aut-sei=Tanabe kn-aut-mei=K. aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KamijoN. kn-aut-sei=Kamijo kn-aut-mei=N. aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TerauchiH. kn-aut-sei=Terauchi kn-aut-mei=H. aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=45 end-page=58 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1982 dt-pub=19820329 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Transient Analysis of Two-Phase Induction Motor driven by Voltage Source Inverter with Current Limiter en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this paper, the analysis of transient performance of two-phase induction motor driven by a voltage source inverter with current limiter is described. The motor is represented by using a two-axis model, that is, the Kron primitive machine. The state equations of mechanical-electrical system are derived. The calculation method with a discrete point of time is employed in order to decrease the CPU time of computer. The calculated results gained from this method agree well with the measured. Then, with the aid of this analytical method, the discussions on transient performance of this system are also performed. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=FunabikiShigeyuki kn-aut-sei=Funabiki kn-aut-mei=Shigeyuki aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=IyasuMasakatsu kn-aut-sei=Iyasu kn-aut-mei=Masakatsu aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KamuraTsutomu kn-aut-sei=Kamura kn-aut-mei=Tsutomu aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HimeiToyoji kn-aut-sei=Himei kn-aut-mei=Toyoji aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=35 end-page=43 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1985 dt-pub=19851108 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=SAXS Intensity Measurements by Photographic Methods en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Photographic method for measurement of small-angl X-ray scattering (SAXS) is improved. Intense pointfocussing incident beam is obtained by using doubly bent crystal monochromator made of aluminium single crystal. Microphotometry and the subsequent calculation to obtain profiles, Guinier and Porod radii, integrated intensities, and so on are facilitated by using microcomputer. Integrated SAXS intensities measured from an Al-Zn alloy which has been treated under the same heat treatment conditions are coincident with one another with probable errors less than }6 % . Ratio of the integrated intensities obtained from two Al-Zn alloys of different composition is reasonable compared with the quasi-equilibrium phase diagram. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamadaMasuo en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=Masuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakakibaraAkira en-aut-sei=Sakakibara en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=ๅŒดธ kn-aut-sei=ๅŒด kn-aut-mei=ธ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhtaMutsuo en-aut-sei=Ohta en-aut-mei=Mutsuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Science affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Science affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=31 end-page=43 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1982 dt-pub=19820329 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Influence of Magnetic Saturation of Iron-Core on Performance of Thyristor Phase Control Circuit en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The influence of magnetic saturation of iron-core on the performance of thyristor phase control circuit with series RLC elements is described. The circuit is analyzed by applying an approximate model of three straight lines to the flux ƒณ vs. current i curve of the iron-core reactor. And the influence on waveforms, r.m.s. values, power factor and response are discussed. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HimeiToyoji kn-aut-sei=Himei kn-aut-mei=Toyoji aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=NakanishiSen-ichiro kn-aut-sei=Nakanishi kn-aut-mei=Sen-ichiro aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=FunabikiShigeyuki kn-aut-sei=Funabiki kn-aut-mei=Shigeyuki aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=17 end-page=29 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1982 dt-pub=19820329 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Analysis of Thyristor Phase Control Circuit with Parallel Resonance Elements en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The phase control characteristics in a thyristor phase control circuit with parallel resonance elements indicate very interesting phenomenon. Several extreme values appear on the phase control curve. The phenomenon is different from the step-up one in a thyristor phase control circuit with series RLC elements which is interpreted as series resonance. To comprehend the circuit performance with those loads, it is necessary that the phenomenon on extreme value is physically clarified from other viewpoints. In this paper the performance in this circuit is studied from two viewpoints of a natural oscillation and a parallel resonance. Then, it is found that the performance depends on a natural frequency in thyristor conducting period and a parallel resonance frequency in thyristor non-conducting period. Therefore, the interesting phenomenon on extreme value is affected by the alternative of natural frequency or parallel resonance frequency. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HimeiToyoji kn-aut-sei=Himei kn-aut-mei=Toyoji aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=NakanishiSen-ichiro kn-aut-sei=Nakanishi kn-aut-mei=Sen-ichiro aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=FunabikiShigeyuki kn-aut-sei=Funabiki kn-aut-mei=Shigeyuki aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=21 end-page=33 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1985 dt-pub=19851108 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=On the Adsorptive Force in the Sucking Grasp as the Contact Surface was flat. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The sucking grasp, for example, the silicon or the rubber sucker has been used widely to handle the parts in various stages of the automated process. But in order to use the sucking grasp more widely, it is necessary to develop the other type of sucking unit. In this paper, we examined the distribution of the vacuum pressure in the contact surface and estimated the adsorptive force from the vacuum pressure, the area of the contact surface, the area or the number of sucking holes, and a gap or a roughness of surface under the contact condition that the flat surface of the sucking unit sucked up the flat surface of an object. The vacuum pressure in the contact surface decreased exponentially, as the distance from the edge of the sucking hole became long. And the adsorptive force was estimated from the equation Y=1.147.P.S.(S/M)(-0.6) in the case of one sucking hole. It is necessary to consider the interaction between two sucking holes which were only separated by a very close distance to estimate the adsorptive force in case of many sucking holes. The adsorptive force became weak, as the gap en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu kn-aut-sei=Osaki kn-aut-mei=Hirokazu aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=ManabeNobuo kn-aut-sei=Manabe kn-aut-mei=Nobuo aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HakodaYosinori kn-aut-sei=Hakoda kn-aut-mei=Yosinori aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KikuchiSusumu kn-aut-sei=Kikuchi kn-aut-mei=Susumu aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Science affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=SHARP Co. Ltd. affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Mitsubishi Electric Co. Ltd. affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=16 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1982 dt-pub=19820329 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Least-Squares Method for Unfolding Convolution Products in X-ray Diffraction Line Profiles en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A deconvolution method for the X-ray diffraction line profile is proposed, which is based on the conventional least-squares method. The true profile is assumed to be a functional form. The numerical values of parameters of the function assumed are determined so that the calculated profile, which is a convolution of the function and the instrumental profile, has a minimum deviation from the observed one. The method is illustrated by analysis of the X-ray powder diffraction profile of sodium chloride 222 reflexion under the assumption that the true profile is a Gaussian or a Cauchy function. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=YokoyamaFumiyoshi kn-aut-sei=Yokoyama kn-aut-mei=Fumiyoshi aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Chemistry END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=147 end-page=159 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1982 dt-pub=19820301 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Bandwidth Minimization Algorithm for Finite Element Mesh en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Renumbering algorithms commonly in use for the band solver are generally applicable for any kind of linear equations, and, therefore, we may say that they cann't effectively utilize the characteristics of the finite element mesh. In this paper we investigate the characteristics of the finite element mesh systems, and introduce them into Taniguchi-Shiraishi Algorithm which already introduced some properties of FEM mesh systems. And through several numerical experiments it is proved that this improved algorithm is one of the fastest one. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TaniguchiTakeo kn-aut-sei=Taniguchi kn-aut-mei=Takeo aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=125 end-page=145 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1982 dt-pub=19820301 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=System Dynamics Model on Urban Growth with an Application to Okayama City en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A system dynamics model to forecast future movements of a city was studied. The model consists of three sections of population sector, industry sector, land use sector and some divisions of labor, income employment, housing land which connect each sections. Economic growth rate, public investment program, housing land supply program were incorporated in the model as political variables. The model was applied to Okayama city for thirty years from 1975 to 2005. The results of the simulation are summarized as follows: 1) The drift of peoples into Okayama city will advance in the future. 2) Tertiary industries will be given much weight as compared with secondary industries. 3) Because of the drift of peoples, housing problems will be serious in the future. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=InouyeHiroshi kn-aut-sei=Inouye kn-aut-mei=Hiroshi aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=OdaShinji kn-aut-sei=Oda kn-aut-mei=Shinji aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Shimizu Construction Company Ltd. END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=19 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=49 end-page=61 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1985 dt-pub=19850225 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Galerkin Method to an Integral Equation in the Kinetic Theory en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A Galerkin method is applied to a singular integral equation of fredholm type originated in the problem of the rarefied gas flow over a plane wall. The solution is expanded in a series of the Abramowitz function. The numerical calculations were carried out up to ten-terms expansions. The results show a good convergence of the series.The comparison is made with the previous work obtained by the moment method. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=YamamotoKyoji kn-aut-sei=Yamamoto kn-aut-mei=Kyoji aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Engineering Mathematics END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=105 end-page=123 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1982 dt-pub=19820301 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Optimal Toll Rate and Expansion of Urban Expressway en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A welfare economic approach is tried to an optimal decision of toll rate and expansion of urban expressway network in an equilibrium of toll revenues and cost of service supplied. The model, originated with Yamada, is such that the decision comes into optimality when the maximum consumers' surplus is reached in the equilibrium condition. The paper is concerned with some general aspects of the optimal solution and reexamination of the solution obtained in the past when used a specific demand curve. General aspects obtained are as follows; The extremum condition to consumers' surplus is equivalent to that to diverted traffic (the realized number of expressway users) only when demand curve has such a property that the marginal consumers' surplus to network expansion vanishes. In case that the marginal consumers' surplus does not vanish, the extrema of consumers' surplus is found in the regions of negative marginal diverted traffic if demand curve yields positive marginal surplus, and in the regions of the positive if it gives negative marginal surplus. The contact points of demand and average cost curves give extrema of neither consumers' surplus nor diverted traffic. An implicative finding, made out by Yamada by using a specific demand curve, that optimal network expansion is reached when the marginal service cost to expansion averaged to the marginal diverted traffic to expansion is equal to the value of time saved by using expressway just by mean trip length holds good at the points of the maximum diverted traffic, but not at the contacts of demand and average cost curves. In case of the demand curve, the condition for an equilibrium of revenues and cost to come into existence is that the minimum of the ratio of service cost averaged to the whole population of expressway users to the value of time mentioned above is less than or equal to e(-1). en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MyojinSho kn-aut-sei=Myojin kn-aut-mei=Sho aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=AsaiKazuhiko kn-aut-sei=Asai kn-aut-mei=Kazuhiko aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=19 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=33 end-page=48 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1985 dt-pub=19850225 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Consideration on Convergence Condition of Explicit Finite Element Analysis for Heat Transfer Equation en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This paper treats the convergence condition of the explicit finite element method (i.e. the time and spatial axes are discretized by using the explicit finite difference method and the weighted residual method, respectively) which is applied for analyzing the heat problem in region with complex boundary configuration and also with several material properties. The main role of this study is the application of the Brauer's theorem. As the results we obtain that the usage of the Brauer's theorem is valid and that the application method of the theorem is presented in this paper. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TaniguchiTakeo kn-aut-sei=Taniguchi kn-aut-mei=Takeo aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MitsuokaKazuhiko kn-aut-sei=Mitsuoka kn-aut-mei=Kazuhiko aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TeradaTakashi kn-aut-sei=Terada kn-aut-mei=Takashi aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=91 end-page=104 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1982 dt-pub=19820301 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Liquefaction of Highly Saturated Sand Layer under Oscillating Water Pressure en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this paper the vertical distribution of pore water pressure in the highly saturated sand layer under the oscillating water pressure are treated theoretically and experimentally. By the experiments it is shown that the water pressure acting on the sand surface propagates into the sand layer with the damping in amplitude and the lag in phase, and that the liquefaction, the state that the effective stress becomes zero, occurs under certain conditions. These experimental results are explained fairly well by the same theoretical treatment as for the ground water problems in the elastic aquifer. The main characteristics of liquefaction clarified by the analysis are as follows. 1) The depth of the liquified layer increases with the increase of the amplitude and the frequency of the oscillating water pressure. 2) The increase of the volume of the water and the air in the layer increases the liquified depth. Especially the very small amount of the air affects the liquefaction significantly. 3) The liquified depth decrease rapidly with the increase of the compressibility coefficient of the sand. 4) In the range beyond a certain value of the permeability coefficient the liquified depth decrease with the increase of the coefficient. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=NagoHiroshi kn-aut-sei=Nago kn-aut-mei=Hiroshi aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=19 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=23 end-page=32 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1985 dt-pub=19850225 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Optimal Pricing in Urban Expressway en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A welfare economic approach is applied to investigate some implications of optimal pricing in urban expressway where two different groups of users are supposed to exist. On the assumption of a specified demand function, following implications are shown; (1) optimal prices must be such that the diversion ratios are the same and (2) the price rates must be set equal each other, where the price rate means the proportion of the price to the average user benefit. In connection with the results, the elasticity of the demand with respect to price is measured in Osaka area of Hanshin Expressway, where two different levels of price are flatly set for users according to the characteristics of their cars. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MyojinSho kn-aut-sei=Myojin kn-aut-mei=Sho aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KishinoKeiichi kn-aut-sei=Kishino kn-aut-mei=Keiichi aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=65 end-page=89 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1982 dt-pub=19820301 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Determination of Diffusion and Dispersion Parameters for Flow in Porous Media en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The purposes of this research is an investigation of the intrusion of sea water into coastal aquifers. For this subject, this paper deals with proposing rational methods of getting diffusion coefficient and dispersion parameter for flow in porous media in a laboratory. These parameters of soil are indispensable in order to apply an analytical approach or a numerical approach to actual salt water intrusion problems. Experimental apparatuses were constructed and test procedures were also developed to measure concentration behaviors in a saturated porous media by using electro conductivity probe. As the results, the diffusion coefficients for the Toyoura standard sand and the Asahi river sand determined by two methods, that is, "Boltzman's transformation method" and "Instantaneous profile analysis method". The longitudinal coefficient of dispersion for one-dimensional flow was also determined by the least squares curve fitting method with a function of a certain range of seepage velocity. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KohnoIichiro kn-aut-sei=Kohno kn-aut-mei=Iichiro aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=NishigakiMakoto kn-aut-sei=Nishigaki kn-aut-mei=Makoto aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=19 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=13 end-page=22 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1985 dt-pub=19850225 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Quasi-random Scanning of a Digitally Controlled Spectrometry en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A quasi-random method for spectral scanning is proposed to reduce an alias response to a quick change in the source abundance. A direct application is made for an atmospheric methane monitoring with a current-tunable diode laser. Only barrel shift methods are examined being found further vulnerable to drifting etalon fringes. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KogaRyuji en-aut-sei=Koga en-aut-mei=Ryuji kn-aut-name=Œร‰๊—ฒŽก kn-aut-sei=Œร‰๊ kn-aut-mei=—ฒŽก aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KosakaMegumi en-aut-sei=Kosaka en-aut-mei=Megumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SanoHiroya en-aut-sei=Sano en-aut-mei=Hiroya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electronics affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electronics affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Engineering, Fukuyama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=47 end-page=64 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1982 dt-pub=19820301 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Rectification of Digitized Aerial Photographic Image en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A practical example of digital rectification of tilted photographs using a drum scanning micro densitometer and general purpose computers is depicted. The present research covers rectification of projective distorsions, occuring when the camera axis is not truly vertical, and affine distorsions due to curvature of a drum of a scanner. For this purpose, fundamental mathematical expressions were derived. And some pixel interpolation methods necessary for image reconstruction were compared experimentally. The examples revealed, however, that the film was deformed so complexly that they could not be corrected sufficiently only by affine transformation. Accuracy of rectification was checked by use of stereo aerial photographs in terms of residual y-parallaxes. The result showed residual y-parallaxes of } 1 pixel (} 50 ƒสm) and sometimes } 2 pixels were observed. They seem to be caused mainly by film deformations which have not been eliminated, and their amount seems to exceed the photogrammetric tolerance. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MoriChuji kn-aut-sei=Mori kn-aut-mei=Chuji aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HattoriSusumu kn-aut-sei=Hattori kn-aut-mei=Susumu aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TanabeHiroshi kn-aut-sei=Tanabe kn-aut-mei=Hiroshi aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Shusei Construction Consultant Co., LTD. END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=19 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=11 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1985 dt-pub=19850225 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Order-Disorder Transition in Urea-Polyethylene Complex en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The phase transition of urea complexes whose guest components range from n-paraffin to polyethylene was investigated by DSC thermal analysis. The transition temperatures increased with increasing the chain length; the related heats did not change much with the chain length. An X-ray powder diffractometry for urea-polyethylene complex revealed that the complex undergoes the same kind of phase transition between orthorhombic and hexagonal as urea-n-paraffin complex. The transition is interpreted in terms of an order-disorder transition with respect to the orientation of the guest molecule. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=YokoyamaFumiyoshi kn-aut-sei=Yokoyama kn-aut-mei=Fumiyoshi aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MonobeKazuo kn-aut-sei=Monobe kn-aut-mei=Kazuo aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Chemistry affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Chemistry END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=31 end-page=45 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1982 dt-pub=19820301 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Unified Approach to System Data Handling in CAD System for Designing Control Systems en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=System data handling in CAD sY8tem for designing control systems is discussed. A man-oriented data description method for a wide sense block diagram and its automatical transformation into the state space description is proposed. This work is a part of CAD system: CADPACS-T which has been under development for designing control systems in our laboratory. The proposal data description for a wide sense block diagram has the following features: 1) to correspond nicety to the block diagram and to be suitable for a man-oriented expression, 2) to express even a large scale system compactly by partitioning into some subsystems defined externally, 3) to be easy to add /or alter the input-output terminals, parameters or elements, and 4) to need not to assign the connection relationship explicitly owing to adopting the input-output terminal/line names. Moreover, system data handling in designing the PI controller for an actual boiler system expressed in a block diagram is taken up as an example. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KanedaMasahiro kn-aut-sei=Kaneda kn-aut-mei=Masahiro aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=AkahoriIchiro kn-aut-sei=Akahori kn-aut-mei=Ichiro aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electronics affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=21 end-page=30 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1982 dt-pub=19820301 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Improvement of Etalon-fringe Immunity in Diode-laser Derivative Spectroscopy en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In a sensitive spectrometry with lead-salt diode lasers, etalon-fringe phenomena often intervene in the measured absorption spectrum. Derivative methods are employed for the purpose of high resolution where the pertaining wavelength is modulated. This paper presents results of mathematical examination on a possible improvement of immunity from the etalon-fringes by choosing the profile of the wavelength modulation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KogaRyuji en-aut-sei=Koga en-aut-mei=Ryuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KosakaMegumi en-aut-sei=Kosaka en-aut-mei=Megumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SanoHiroya en-aut-sei=Sano en-aut-mei=Hiroya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electronics affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electronics affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electronics END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=19 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=53 end-page=62 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1984 dt-pub=19841126 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Evaluation of Three Flow Injection Analysis Methods for the Determination of Chemical Oxygen Demand en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Three methods for determining chemical oxygen demand (COD) by means of flow injection analysis (FIA) with potassium permanganate, potassium dichromate, or cerium(IV) sulfate as oxidant, developed in this laboratory, are described from the point of view of their operating properties. The permanganate method is the most sensitive and common, but forms manganese(IV) oxide precipitate which blocks the FIA lines and connectors. Addition of phosphoric acid in the reagent system is, however, effective to some extent in order to avoid blocking the flow system. The dichromate method is the most workable and stable, but produces toxic wastes containing chromium(VI). The cerium method is the most probable because cerium(IV) is the strongest oxidant of the three and less poisonous. The last method with cerium(IV) sulfate is therefore recommendable to apply to the continuous monitoring of COD in many situation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KorenagaTakashi kn-aut-sei=Korenaga kn-aut-mei=Takashi aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MoriwakeTosio kn-aut-sei=Moriwake kn-aut-mei=Tosio aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TakahashiTeruo kn-aut-sei=Takahashi kn-aut-mei=Teruo aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Center for Environmental Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Synthetic Chemistry affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Chemistry END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=19 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=45 end-page=51 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1984 dt-pub=19841126 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Preparation and Dielectric Properties of [Ba, Ca] TiO(3)-Al(2)O(3)-SiO(2) Glass-Ceramics en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Succeeding to 60(Ba,Sr)TiO(3)-10A1(2)O(3)-30SiO(2)glassceramics reported in our previous paper, another type of ferroelectric glass-ceramics was elaborated by the controlled growth of Ba(l-x)Ca(x)TiO(3) crystal particles in the glass system 60 (Ba(l-y)Ca(y)) TiO(3)-10Al(2)O(3)-30SiO(2) (0.0