start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=284 cd-vols= no-issue=21 article-no= start-page=14236 end-page=14244 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2009 dt-pub=20090522 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Overexpression of REIC/Dkk-3 in Normal Fibroblasts Suppresses Tumor Growth via Induction of Interleukin-7 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We previously showed that the tumor suppressor gene REIC/Dkk-3, when overexpressed by an adenovirus (Ad-REIC), exhibited a dramatic therapeutic effect on human cancers through a mechanism triggered by endoplasmic reticulum stress. Adenovirus vectors show no target cell specificity and thus may elicit unfavorable side effects through infection of normal cells even upon intra-tumoral injection. In this study, we examined possible effects of Ad-REIC on normal cells. We found that infection of normal human fibroblasts (NHF) did not cause apoptosis but induced production of interleukin (IL)-7. The induction was triggered by endoplasmic reticulum stress and mediated through IRE1 alpha, ASK1, p38, and IRF-1. When Ad-REIC-infected NHF were transplanted in a mixture with untreated human prostate cancer cells, the growth of the cancer cells was significantly suppressed. Injection of an IL-7 antibody partially abrogated the suppressive effect of Ad-REIC-infected NHF. These results indicate that Ad-REIC has another arm against human cancer, an indirect host-mediated effect because of overproduction of IL-7 by mis-targeted NHF, in addition to its direct effect on cancer cells. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakaguchiMasakiyo en-aut-sei=Sakaguchi en-aut-mei=Masakiyo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KataokaKen en-aut-sei=Kataoka en-aut-mei=Ken kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=AbarzuaFernando en-aut-sei=Abarzua en-aut-mei=Fernando kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanimotoRyuta en-aut-sei=Tanimoto en-aut-mei=Ryuta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeMasami en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Masami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurataHitoshi en-aut-sei=Murata en-aut-mei=Hitoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=ThanSwe Swe en-aut-sei=Than en-aut-mei=Swe Swe kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuroseKaoru en-aut-sei=Kurose en-aut-mei=Kaoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=KashiwakuraYuji en-aut-sei=Kashiwakura en-aut-mei=Yuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=OchiaiKazuhiko en-aut-sei=Ochiai en-aut-mei=Kazuhiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=NasuYasutomo en-aut-sei=Nasu en-aut-mei=Yasutomo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=KumonHiromi en-aut-sei=Kumon en-aut-mei=Hiromi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=HuhNam-ho en-aut-sei=Huh en-aut-mei=Nam-ho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=9 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=10 en-affil= kn-affil=Innovation Center Okayama for Nanobio-Targeted Therapy, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=11 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=12 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=13 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=285 cd-vols= no-issue=38 article-no= start-page=29191 end-page=29199 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2010 dt-pub=20100917 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Binding and Functional Properties of Five Extrinsic Proteins in Oxygen-evolving Photosystem II from a Marine Centric Diatom, Chaetoceros gracilis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Oxygen-evolving photosystem II (PSII) isolated from a marine centric diatom, Chaetoceros gracilis, contains a novel extrinsic protein (Psb31) in addition to four red algal type extrinsic proteins of PsbO, PsbQŒ, PsbV, and PsbU. In this study, the five extrinsic proteins were purified from alkaline Tris extracts of the diatom PSII by anion and cation exchange chromatographic columns at different pH values. Reconstitution experiments in various combinations with the purified extrinsic proteins showed that PsbO, PsbQŒ, and Psb31 rebound directly to PSII in the absence of other extrinsic proteins, indicating that these extrinsic proteins have their own binding sites in PSII intrinsic proteins. On the other hand, PsbV and PsbU scarcely rebound to PSII alone, and their effective bindings required the presence of all of the other extrinsic proteins. Interestingly, PSII reconstituted with Psb31 alone considerably restored the oxygen evolving activity in the absence of PsbO, indicating that Psb31 serves as a substitute in part for PsbO in supporting oxygen evolution. A significant difference found between PSIIs reconstituted with Psb31 and with PsbO is that the oxygen evolving activity of the former is scarcely stimulated by Cl? and Ca2+ ions but that of the latter is largely stimulated by these ions, although rebinding of PsbV and PsbU activated oxygen evolution in the absence of Cl? and Ca2+ ions in both the former and latter PSIIs. Based on these results, we proposed a model for the association of the five extrinsic proteins with intrinsic proteins in diatom PSII and compared it with those in PSIIs from the other organisms. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NagaoRyo en-aut-sei=Nagao en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriguchiAkira en-aut-sei=Moriguchi en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TomoTatsuya en-aut-sei=Tomo en-aut-mei=Tatsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NiikuraAyako en-aut-sei=Niikura en-aut-mei=Ayako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakajimaSaori en-aut-sei=Nakajima en-aut-mei=Saori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiTakehiro en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Takehiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkumuraAkinori en-aut-sei=Okumura en-aut-mei=Akinori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwaiMasako en-aut-sei=Iwai en-aut-mei=Masako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShenJian-Ren en-aut-sei=Shen en-aut-mei=Jian-Ren kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkeuchiMasahiko en-aut-sei=Ikeuchi en-aut-mei=Masahiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=EnamiIsao en-aut-sei=Enami en-aut-mei=Isao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Art and Sciences, University of Tokyo affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Biosciences, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Biomolecular Characterization Team, Discovery Research Institute, RIKEN affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Integrated Sciences in Physics and Biology, College of Humanities and Sciences, Nihon University affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Art and Sciences, University of Tokyo affil-num=9 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Biosciences, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=10 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Art and Sciences, University of Tokyo affil-num=11 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science END