start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=300 end-page=308 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=20190402 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Change in tongue pressure and the related factors after esophagectomy: a short-term, longitudinal study. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=BACKGROUND:
Dysphagia is a prominent symptom after esophagectomy and may cause aspiration pneumonia. Swallowing evaluation after esophagectomy can predict and help control the incidence of postoperative pneumonia. The aim of this study was to clarify whether the change in tongue pressure was associated with any related factor and postoperative dysphagia/pneumonia in patients with esophageal cancer after esophagectomy.
METHODS:
Fifty-nine inpatients (41 males and 18 females; 33-77 years old) who underwent esophagectomy participated in this study. Measurement of tongue pressure and the repetitive saliva swallowing test (RSST) was performed before esophagectomy (baseline) and at 2 weeks postoperatively. The general data were collected from patients' medical records, including sex, age, type of cancer, cancer stage, location of cancer, operative approach, history of previous chemotherapy, surgical duration, amount of bleeding during surgery, incidences of postoperative complications, intubation period, period between surgery and initiation of oral alimentation, and intensive care unit (ICU) stay, blood chemical analysis, and lifestyle.
RESULTS:
Tongue pressure decreased significantly after esophagectomy (p?=?0.011). The decrease of tongue pressure was significantly associated with length of ICU stay and preoperative tongue pressure on multiple regression analysis (p? CONCLUSIONS:
The decrease in tongue pressure was significantly associated with the length of ICU stay, preoperative tongue pressure, and the incidence of dysphagia and pneumonia among inpatient after esophagectomy. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YokoiAya en-aut-sei=Yokoi en-aut-mei=Aya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=EkuniDaisuke en-aut-sei=Ekuni en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamanakaReiko en-aut-sei=Yamanaka en-aut-mei=Reiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HataHironobu en-aut-sei=Hata en-aut-mei=Hironobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShirakawaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Shirakawa en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoritaManabu en-aut-sei=Morita en-aut-mei=Manabu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Preventive DentistryOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Preventive DentistryOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Division of Hospital Dentistry, Central Clinical DepartmentOkayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Dentistry and Oral SurgeryNational Hospital Organization Hokkaido Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Preventive DentistryOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=Deglutition kn-keyword=Deglutition en-keyword=Deglutition disorders kn-keyword=Deglutition disorders en-keyword=Esophageal neoplasms kn-keyword=Esophageal neoplasms en-keyword=Esophagectomy kn-keyword=Esophagectomy en-keyword=Intensive care units kn-keyword=Intensive care units END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=40 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=527 end-page=534 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2015 dt-pub=201509 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Classification of the Linearly Reductive Finite Subgroup Schemes of SL2 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We classify the linearly reductive finite subgroup schemes G of SL2=SL(V) over an algebraically closed field k of positive characteristic, up to conjugation. As a corollary, we prove that such G is in one-to-one correspondence with an isomorphism class of two-dimensional F-rational Gorenstein complete local rings with the coefficient field k by the correspondence G?((SymV)G) ?. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HashimotoMitsuyasu en-aut-sei=Hashimoto en-aut-mei=Mitsuyasu kn-aut-name=‹´–{Œõ–õ kn-aut-sei=‹´–{ kn-aut-mei=Œõ–õ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Mathematics, Okayama University kn-affil=‰ªŽR‘åŠw‘åŠw‰@Ž©‘R‰ÈŠwŒ¤‹†‰È en-keyword=Group scheme kn-keyword=Group scheme en-keyword=Kleinian singularity kn-keyword=Kleinian singularity en-keyword=Invariant theory kn-keyword=Invariant theory END