start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=20
cd-vols=
no-issue=7
article-no=
start-page=916
end-page=921
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2020
dt-pub=20200708
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=The Albedo of Ryugu: Evidence for a High Organic Abundance, as Inferred from the Hayabusa2 Touchdown Maneuver
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The Hayabusa2 mission successfully collected samples from the asteroid Ryugu last year and will return these to Earth in December 2020. It is anticipated that the samples will enable the analysis of terrestrially uncontaminated organic matter and minerals. Such analyses are in turn expected to elucidate the evolution of organic matter through Solar System history, including the origination and processing of biogenically important molecules, which could have been utilized by the first organisms on Earth. In anticipation, studies have made predictions concerning the properties of Ryugu, including its composition. The spectral characteristics of Ryugu, such as albedo, have been employed to relate the asteroid to members of the carbonaceous chondrite group that have been identified on Earth. However, the recent Hayabusa2 touchdown highlights a disparity between the color of surfaces of displaced platy fragments, indicating a brightening trend for the surface exposed to space compared to that facing into the body. Here we present a mass balance calculation with reference to data from the literature, which indicates that Ryugu may contain a significantly higher abundance of organic matter (likely >50%) than the currently most accepted meteorite analogues. A high organic content may result in high levels of extractable organic matter for the second touchdown site, where the spacecraft sampled freshly exposed material. However, high abundances of insoluble aromatic/graphitic rich organic matter may be present in the first touchdown site, which sampled the surface of Ryugu that had been exposed to space. Moreover, we suggest that the potentially high organic abundance and the rubble-pile nature of Ryugu may originate from the capture of rocky debris by a comet nucleus and subsequent water-organic-mineral interactions and sublimation of water ice.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=
en-aut-name=PotiszilChristian
en-aut-sei=Potiszil
en-aut-mei=Christian
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=
en-aut-name=TanakaRyoji
en-aut-sei=Tanaka
en-aut-mei=Ryoji
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=
en-aut-name=KobayashiKatsura
en-aut-sei=Kobayashi
en-aut-mei=Katsura
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=
en-aut-name=KunihiroTak
en-aut-sei=Kunihiro
en-aut-mei=Tak
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=
en-aut-name=NakamuraEizo
en-aut-sei=Nakamura
en-aut-mei=Eizo
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=
affil-num=1
en-affil=Pheasant Memorial Laboratory for Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry, Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University
kn-affil=
affil-num=2
en-affil=The Pheasant Memorial Laboratory for Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry, Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University
kn-affil=
affil-num=3
en-affil=The Pheasant Memorial Laboratory for Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry, Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University
kn-affil=
affil-num=4
en-affil=The Pheasant Memorial Laboratory for Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry, Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University
kn-affil=
affil-num=5
en-affil=The Pheasant Memorial Laboratory for Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry, Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Hayabusa2
kn-keyword=Hayabusa2
en-keyword=Ryugu
kn-keyword=Ryugu
en-keyword=Sample return
kn-keyword=Sample return
en-keyword=Organic matter
kn-keyword=Organic matter
en-keyword=Albedo. Astrobiology 20, 916–921
kn-keyword=Albedo. Astrobiology 20, 916–921
END
start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=10
cd-vols=
no-issue=4
article-no=
start-page=338
end-page=342
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2013
dt-pub=20130408
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Isolation and characterization of pandemic and nonpandemic strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus from an outbreak of diarrhea in North 24 Parganas, West Bengal, India
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract= Strains of the enteric pathogen Vibrio parahaemolyticus harboring the thermostable hemolysin (TDH) encoding gene tdh is known to cause epidemic and pandemic diarrhea. In industrialized countries, this pathogen causes sporadic or outbreaks of diarrheal illness associated with consumption of raw or improperly cooked seafood. This report describes a foodborne outbreak of gastroenteritis caused by V. parahaemolyticus in June 2011 following consumption of food served at a funeral reception held at Habra, North 24 Parganas, West Bengal, India. About 650 people attended the function, of whom 44 had acute watery diarrhea with other clinical symptoms; 35 of them were admitted to the District Hospital for the rehydration treatment. Stool specimens collected from three hospitalized cases were positive for V. parahaemolyticus, of which two strains were identified as an O4:K8 serovar and one was identified as O3:K6 serovar. The O3:K6 strain also possessed the pandemic group-specific toxRS gene target (GS), whereas the O4:K8 strains were negative. All strains were polymerase chain reaction-positive for tdh but were polymerase chain reaction-negative for trh. All of the strains were resistant to ampicillin but were pansensitive to other antimicrobials tested. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis using NotI showed that the O3:K6 strain was similar to that of a recent clinical strain from Kolkata, but had diverged from other strains during previous years. In contrast, PFGE analysis showed that the O4:K8 strains were closely related but differed from the Kolkata strain.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=
en-aut-name=ChowdhuryGoutam
en-aut-sei=Chowdhury
en-aut-mei=Goutam
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=
en-aut-name=GhoshSantanu
en-aut-sei=Ghosh
en-aut-mei=Santanu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=
en-aut-name=PazhaniGururaja P.
en-aut-sei=Pazhani
en-aut-mei=Gururaja P.
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=
en-aut-name=PaulBimal K.
en-aut-sei=Paul
en-aut-mei=Bimal K.
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=
en-aut-name=MajiDipankar
en-aut-sei=Maji
en-aut-mei=Dipankar
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=
en-aut-name=MukhopadhyayAsish K.
en-aut-sei=Mukhopadhyay
en-aut-mei=Asish K.
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=
en-aut-name=RamamurthyThandavarayan
en-aut-sei=Ramamurthy
en-aut-mei=Thandavarayan
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=
affil-num=1
en-affil=National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases
kn-affil=
affil-num=2
en-affil=National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases
kn-affil=
affil-num=3
en-affil=National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases
kn-affil=
affil-num=4
en-affil=Integrated Disease Surveillance Program, Directorate of Health Services
kn-affil=
affil-num=5
en-affil=Integrated Disease Surveillance Program, Directorate of Health Services
kn-affil=
affil-num=6
en-affil=National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases
kn-affil=
affil-num=7
en-affil=National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Diarrhea
kn-keyword=Diarrhea
en-keyword=V. parahaemolyticus
kn-keyword=V. parahaemolyticus
en-keyword=Serovar
kn-keyword=Serovar
en-keyword=GS-PCR
kn-keyword=GS-PCR
en-keyword=PFGE
kn-keyword=PFGE
END
start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=5
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=206
end-page=214
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2024
dt-pub=20240708
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Factors Associated with Differences in Physicians’ Attitudes toward Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy Feeding in Older Adults Receiving End-of-Life Care in Japan: A Cross-Sectional Study
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Background: Although percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) placement is still widely practiced in Japan, studies from Western countries report that it is less beneficial for patients in end-of-life care with cognitive decline. Decisions regarding PEG placement are largely influenced by physician judgment.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the background and perceptions of Japanese physicians regarding PEG for older adults in end-of-life care and to identify the factors associated with differences in physician judgment regarding PEG.
Design: The study employed a cross-sectional design.
Setting/Subjects: A questionnaire on PEG for older adults in end-of-life care was sent to Japanese physicians. Logistic regression analysis was used to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and confidence intervals (CIs) of the association between PEG recommendations and each factor.
Results: PEG placement was advised for bedridden patients and older adults with cognitive decline by 26% of the physicians who responded to the survey. Differences in physician perceptions of PEG feeding were associated with the recommendation for PEG, benefits of preventing aspiration pneumonia (OR: 4.9; 95% CI: 3.1-8.2), impact on post-discharge accommodation decisions (OR: 6.1; 95% CI: 1.9-30.9), and hesitancy to recommend a PEG placement (OR: 1.9; 95% CI: 1.3-4.5). Working in a facility with PEG placement (OR: 2.0; 95% CI: 1.2-3.5) was an associated background factor.
Conclusions: Differences in Japanese physicians' attitudes toward using PEG feeding for older adults in end-of-life care were significantly associated with differences in their perceptions of the impact of PEG feeding and working in a facility with PEG placement.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=
en-aut-name=SakamotoYoko
en-aut-sei=Sakamoto
en-aut-mei=Yoko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=
en-aut-name=MitsuhashiToshiharu
en-aut-sei=Mitsuhashi
en-aut-mei=Toshiharu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=
en-aut-name=HottaKatsuyuki
en-aut-sei=Hotta
en-aut-mei=Katsuyuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=
affil-num=1
en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=
affil-num=2
en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=
affil-num=3
en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=
en-keyword=attitude
kn-keyword=attitude
en-keyword=end-of-life care
kn-keyword=end-of-life care
en-keyword=older persons
kn-keyword=older persons
en-keyword=decision making
kn-keyword=decision making
en-keyword=percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy
kn-keyword=percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy
en-keyword=tube feeding
kn-keyword=tube feeding
END
start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=25
cd-vols=
no-issue=19-20
article-no=
start-page=1413
end-page=1425
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2019
dt-pub=20190208
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=A reporter system evaluates tumorigenesis, metastasis, β-catenin/MMP regulation, and druggability
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract= Cancer invasion, metastasis, and therapy resistance are the crucial phenomena in cancer malignancy. The high-expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) is a biomarker as well as a causal factor of cancer invasiveness and metastatic activity. However, a regulatory mechanism underlying MMP9 expression in cancer is not clarified yet. Additionally, a new strategy for anti-cancer drug discovery is becoming an important clue. In the present study, we aimed (i) to develop a novel reporter system evaluating tumorigenesis, invasiveness, metastasis, and druggability with a combination of three-dimensional (3D) tumoroid model and Mmp9 promoter and (ii) to examine pharmacological actions of anti-cancer medications using this reporter system. High expression and genetic amplification of MMP9 were found in colon cancer cases. We found that proximal promoter sequences of MMP9 in murine and human contained conserved binding sites for transcription factors β-catenin/TCF/LEF, glucocorticoid receptor (GR), and NF-κB. The murine Mmp9 promoter (-569 to +19) was markedly activated in metastatic colon cancer cells and additionally activated by tumoroid formation and by β-catenin signaling stimulator lithium chloride (LiCl). The Mmp9 promoter-driven fluorescent reporter cells enabled the monitoring of activities of MMP9/gelatinase, tumorigenesis, invasion, and metastasis in allogeneic/syngenic transplantation experiments. We also demonstrated pharmacological actions as follows. ids Dexamethasone and hydrocortisone, steroidal medications binding to GR, inhibited the Mmp9 promoter but did not inhibit tumorigenesis. On the other hand, an antimetabolite 5-fluorouracil, a golden standard for colon cancer chemotherapy, inhibited tumoroid formation but did not inhibit Mmp9 promoter activity. Notably, anti-malaria medication artesunate inhibited both tumorigenesis and the Mmp9 promoter in vitro, potentially through inhibition of β-catenin/TCF/LEF signaling. Thus, this novel reporter system enabled monitoring tumorigenesis, invasiveness, metastasis, key regulatory signalings such as β-catenin/MMP9 axis, and druggability.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=
en-aut-name=SogawaChiharu
en-aut-sei=Sogawa
en-aut-mei=Chiharu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=
en-aut-name=EguchiTakanori
en-aut-sei=Eguchi
en-aut-mei=Takanori
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=
en-aut-name=OkushaYuka
en-aut-sei=Okusha
en-aut-mei=Yuka
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=
en-aut-name=OnoKisho
en-aut-sei=Ono
en-aut-mei=Kisho
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=
en-aut-name=OhyamaKazumi
en-aut-sei=Ohyama
en-aut-mei=Kazumi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=
en-aut-name=IizukaMotoharu
en-aut-sei=Iizuka
en-aut-mei=Motoharu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=
en-aut-name=KawasakiRyu
en-aut-sei=Kawasaki
en-aut-mei=Ryu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=
en-aut-name=HamadaYusaku
en-aut-sei=Hamada
en-aut-mei=Yusaku
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=
en-aut-name=TakigawaMasaharu
en-aut-sei=Takigawa
en-aut-mei=Masaharu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=
en-aut-name=SogawaNorio
en-aut-sei=Sogawa
en-aut-mei=Norio
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=10
ORCID=
en-aut-name=OkamotoKuniaki
en-aut-sei=Okamoto
en-aut-mei=Kuniaki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=11
ORCID=
en-aut-name=Kozaki Ken-ichi
en-aut-sei=Kozaki
en-aut-mei=Ken-ichi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=12
ORCID=
affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=
affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=
affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=
affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=
affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=
affil-num=6
en-affil=Research program for undergraduate students, Okayama University Dental School
kn-affil=
affil-num=7
en-affil=Research program for undergraduate students, Okayama University Dental School
kn-affil=
affil-num=8
en-affil=Research program for undergraduate students, Okayama University Dental School
kn-affil=
affil-num=9
en-affil=Advanced Research Center for Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=
affil-num=10
en-affil=Department of Dental Pharmacology, Matsumoto Dental University
kn-affil=
affil-num=11
en-affil=Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=
affil-num=12
en-affil=Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=3D tumoroid reporter assay
kn-keyword=3D tumoroid reporter assay
en-keyword=Wnt/β-catenin signaling
kn-keyword=Wnt/β-catenin signaling
en-keyword=cancer metastasis
kn-keyword=cancer metastasis
en-keyword=metalloproteinase
kn-keyword=metalloproteinase
en-keyword=syngeneic transplantation
kn-keyword=syngeneic transplantation
en-keyword=tumoroid (tumor organoid)
kn-keyword=tumoroid (tumor organoid)
END