start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=243 end-page=262 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2012 dt-pub=20120912 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Use of Silicone Elastomer-Based Microfluidic Devices and Systems in Reproductive Technologies en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsuuraKoji en-aut-sei=Matsuura en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaruseKeiji en-aut-sei=Naruse en-aut-mei=Keiji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Research Core for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Cardiovascular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=69 end-page=105 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2016 dt-pub=20161229 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Bioethics and the Experiences of Hansen’s Disease Survivors en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Historically, Hansen’s disease patients suffered from discrimination because their physical features changed due to the bacterium Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae) and made them “ugly” in the eyes of society. Former Japanese governments saw them as a national disgrace and forced them to reside in leprosaria. Since the law requiring isolation continued after the silver bullet was developed, survivors could not leave the leprosaria and return to society. Currently, survivors’ average age is 82 and they live in 13 national sanatoriums. When they pass away, the history of Hansen’s disease in Japan will end, so we must record their experiences. We conducted qualitative and inductive studies with survivors. In this chapter, we reconstruct them from the perspective of bioethics and propose several theories surrounding them: (1) How former leprosaria and medical administrations in Japan threatened bioethical principles; (2) the wisdom of aging survivors, who lived through extreme situations, and what real restoration of their rights might look like; and (3) the ethical dilemmas of how we will care for the survivors—who have multiple severe sequelae—until they all pass away. Finally, we will intro en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KondoMariko en-aut-sei=Kondo en-aut-mei=Mariko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriKazuo en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=Kazuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NomuraHiroshi en-aut-sei=Nomura en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KadowakiHanako en-aut-sei=Kadowaki en-aut-mei=Hanako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeMakiko en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Makiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=DoiAkemi en-aut-sei=Doi en-aut-mei=Akemi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimaSayaka en-aut-sei=Shima en-aut-mei=Sayaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University. kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=National Hansen’s Disease Sanatorium Residents’ Council, National Sanatorium Oshima-Seisho-en kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=National Hansen’s Disease Sanatorium Residents’ Council, National Sanatorium Oshima-Seisho-en kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=National Sanatorium Oshima-Seisho-en kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=National Sanatorium Oshima-Seisho-en kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=National Sanatorium Oshima-Seisho-en kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Yodogawa Christian Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=stigma kn-keyword=stigma en-keyword=Hansen’s disease kn-keyword=Hansen’s disease en-keyword=bioethical principles kn-keyword=bioethical principles en-keyword=wisdom kn-keyword=wisdom en-keyword=human caring kn-keyword=human caring END