start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=42 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=9 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2008 dt-pub=200801 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Structural Analysis of Minimum Weight Codewords of the (32, 21, 6) and (64, 45, 8) Extended BCH Codes Using Invariance Property en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Two typical examples, the (32, 21, 6) and (64, 45, 8) extended code of primitive permuted BCH codes, are considered. The sets of minimum weight codewords are analyzed in terms of Boolean polynomial representation. They are classied by using their split weight structure with respect to the left and right half trellis sections, and for each class, the standard form is presented. Based on the results, we can generate a proper list of the minimum weight codewords of the codes. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=AsataniJun kn-aut-sei=Asatani kn-aut-mei=Jun aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoumotoTakuya en-aut-sei=Koumoto en-aut-mei=Takuya kn-aut-name=b–{‘ì–ç kn-aut-sei=b–{ kn-aut-mei=‘ì–ç aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=ToruFujiwara kn-aut-sei=Toru kn-aut-mei=Fujiwara aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TadaoKasami kn-aut-sei=Tadao kn-aut-mei=Kasami aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Engineering Okayama University of Science affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Osaka University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Information Science Nara Institute of Science and Technology en-keyword=Boolean polynomial representation kn-keyword=Boolean polynomial representation en-keyword=extended BCH codes kn-keyword=extended BCH codes en-keyword=minimum weight codewords kn-keyword=minimum weight codewords en-keyword=binary shift invariance property kn-keyword=binary shift invariance property END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=42 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=10 end-page=17 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2008 dt-pub=200801 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Geometric BIC en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The author introduced the "geometric AIC" and the "geometric MDL" as model selection criteria for geometric fitting problems. These correspond to Akaikefs "AIC" and Rissanen's "BIC", respectively, well known in the statistical estimation framework. Another criterion well known is Schwarzf "BIC", but its counterpart for geometric fitting has been unknown. This paper introduces the corresponding criterion, which we call the "geometric BIC", and shows that it is of the same form as the geometric MDL. We present the underlying logical reasoning of Bayesian estimation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KanataniKenichi en-aut-sei=Kanatani en-aut-mei=Kenichi kn-aut-name=‹à’JŒ’ˆê kn-aut-sei=‹à’J kn-aut-mei=Œ’ˆê aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Computer Science, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=42 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=18 end-page=35 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2008 dt-pub=200801 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Fundamental Matrix Computation: Theory and Practice en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We classify and review existing algorithms for computing the fundamental matrix from point correspondences and propose new effective schemes: 7-parameter Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) search, EFNS, and EFNS-based bundle adjustment. Doing experimental comparison, we show that EFNS and the 7-parameter LM search exhibit the best performance and that additional bundle adjustment does not increase the accuracy to any noticeable degree. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KanataniKenichi en-aut-sei=Kanatani en-aut-mei=Kenichi kn-aut-name=‹à’JŒ’ˆê kn-aut-sei=‹à’J kn-aut-mei=Œ’ˆê aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=YasuyukiSugaya kn-aut-sei=Yasuyuki kn-aut-mei=Sugaya aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Computer Science, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Information and Computer Sciences Toyohashi University of Technology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=42 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=36 end-page=43 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2008 dt-pub=200801 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Fast Exponentiation in Extension Field with Frobenius Mappings en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This paper proposes an exponentiation method with Frobenius mappings. Our method is closely related to so-called interleaving exponentiation. Different from the interleaving exponentiation methods, our method can carry out several exponentiations using same base at the same time. The efficiency to use Frobenius mappings for an exponentiation in extension field is well introduced by Avanzi and Mihailescu. This exponentiation method is based on so-called simultaneous exponentiation and uses many Frobenius mappings. Their method more decreased the number of multiplications; however, the number of Frobenius mappings inversely increased. Compared to their method , the number of multiplications needed for the proposed method becomes about 20% larger; however, that of Frobenius mappings becomes small enough. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KatoHidehiro en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Hidehiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NekadoKenta en-aut-sei=Nekado en-aut-mei=Kenta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NogamiYasuyuki en-aut-sei=Nogami en-aut-mei=Yasuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorikawaYoshitaka en-aut-sei=Morikawa en-aut-mei=Yoshitaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University en-keyword=exponentiation kn-keyword=exponentiation en-keyword=Frobenius mapping kn-keyword=Frobenius mapping en-keyword=extension field kn-keyword=extension field END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=42 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=44 end-page=47 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2008 dt-pub=200801 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Vibrational Properties of Si Crystal with Vacancy : A Tight-Binding Study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=To analyze vibrational properties of Si crystal with a single charge-neutral vacancy, we perform large-scale simulations based on tight-binding molecular-dynamics method. Vibrational modes and frequencies are obtained by diagonalizing dynamical matrix within a harmonic approximation. Results indicate that there exist vibrational modes spatially localized around the vacancy and large frequency shifts associated with the localized modes contribute significantly to reduction of the vibrational free energy. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=OgawaTakafumi kn-aut-sei=Ogawa kn-aut-mei=Takafumi aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsurutaKenji en-aut-sei=Tsuruta en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=’ß“cŒ’“ñ kn-aut-sei=’ß“c kn-aut-mei=Œ’“ñ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiChieko en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Chieko kn-aut-name=“Œ’ÒçŽ}Žq kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=çŽ}Žq aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HiroshiIyetomi kn-aut-sei=Hiroshi kn-aut-mei=Iyetomi aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Physics Niigata University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=42 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=48 end-page=52 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2008 dt-pub=200801 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Numerical Simulations of Two-dimensional Electron Fluid : An Application of Classical-map Hypernetted-chain Method en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Based on the mapping introduced by the classical-map hypernetted-chain (CHNC) method, classical numerical simulations, Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics, have been applied to the twodimensional electron fluid and the results are compared with those of quantum Monte Carlo simulations hitherto reported. It is shown that polarization properties of the ground state obtained by the diffusion Monte Carlo method are reproduced within the accuracy of quantum simulations by both of two mapping functions for the quantum temperature which have been proposed within the CHNC method. These results may serve as the basis of numerical simulations based on the CHNC method which are applicable to finite non-periodic systems like quantum dots and systems at finite temperatures. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiChieko en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Chieko kn-aut-name=“Œ’ÒçŽ}Žq kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=çŽ}Žq aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MiyakeTakashi kn-aut-sei=Miyake kn-aut-mei=Takashi aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=NakanishiKenta kn-aut-sei=Nakanishi kn-aut-mei=Kenta aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsurutaKenji en-aut-sei=Tsuruta en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=’ß“cŒ’“ñ kn-aut-sei=’ß“c kn-aut-mei=Œ’“ñ aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology and Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology and Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology and Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology and Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology and Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=42 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=53 end-page=55 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2008 dt-pub=200801 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Transfer of Quantum Information by Spin Chains : Effect of Noise en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In order to transfer quantum information, the use of spin chains has been proposed and their transfer characteristics have been analyzed. As one of the latter, the maximum of the transfer probability over sufficiently long time period is often considered important and some examples with high maximum values have been given. In these examples, the coupling between neighboring spins are tuned so as to attain high efficiency. In this article, we discuss the effect of noise on the values of coupling constant. As a result, we propose a system where the efficiency is high and also the effect of noise is small. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=ChaiHong kn-aut-sei=Chai kn-aut-mei=Hong aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology and Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology and Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=42 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=56 end-page=59 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2008 dt-pub=200801 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Spin Polarization of Two-Dimensional Electron System in a Finite Domain en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We analyze the ground state of the two-dimensional quantum system of electrons confined in a parabolic potential with the system size around 100. We map the system onto a classical system on the basis of the classical-map hypernetted-chain (CHNC) method which has been proven to work in the integral-equation-based analyses of uniform unbounded systems and then apply classical numerical simulations. We find that the confined system undergoes the transition to the spin polarized state with the decrease of the average density and the corresponding critical value is as low as rs ? 0.3 in terms of the usual rs parameter estimated for the average density. As the ground state for given value of the rs parameter, our data give the critical value for the transition around 20 which is consistent with the known possibility. The advantage of our method is a direct applicability to geometrically complex systems which are difficult to analyze by integral equations. The application to the structure like quantum dots reported here is the first example of such applications. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MiyakeTakashi kn-aut-sei=Miyake kn-aut-mei=Takashi aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiChieko en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Chieko kn-aut-name=“Œ’ÒçŽ}Žq kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=çŽ}Žq aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=NakanishiKenta kn-aut-sei=Nakanishi kn-aut-mei=Kenta aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsurutaKenji en-aut-sei=Tsuruta en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=’ß“cŒ’“ñ kn-aut-sei=’ß“c kn-aut-mei=Œ’“ñ aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology and Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology and Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology and Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology and Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology and Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=42 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=60 end-page=70 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2008 dt-pub=200801 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Transfer Planning of Molten Metals in Steel Worksby Decentralized Agent en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In steel works, molten metals discharged from blast furnace are put into a pan for transportation called torpedo and transported to steel making factory by a locomotive. In molten metals transportation, it becomes issues to prevent temperature drop of molten metals for stable production of down stream plants to shorten transportation time. Therefore it is necessary to make an appropriate plan for molten metals transfer considering the production and the transportation simultaneously. In this paper, molten metals transfer planning method is proposed including production scheduling. That is, torpedo schedule, transfer request assignment and route plan of locomotives are optimized according to each objective. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KikuchiJunji en-aut-sei=Kikuchi en-aut-mei=Junji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonishiMasami en-aut-sei=Konishi en-aut-mei=Masami kn-aut-name=¬¼³çZ kn-aut-sei=¬¼ kn-aut-mei=³çZ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImaiJun en-aut-sei=Imai en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name=¡ˆäƒ kn-aut-sei=¡ˆä kn-aut-mei=ƒ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Electronic and Information System Engineering Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Electronic and Information System Engineering Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Electronic and Information System Engineering Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=42 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=71 end-page=78 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2008 dt-pub=200801 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Optimization of Inventories for Multiple Companies by Fuzzy Control Method en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this research, Fuzzy control theory is applied to the inventory control of the supply chain between multiple companies. The proposed control method deals with the amount of inventories expressing supply chain between multiple companies. Referring past demand and tardiness, inventory amounts of raw materials are determined by Fuzzy inference. The method that an appropriate inventory control becomes possible optimizing fuzzy control gain by using SA method for Fuzzy control. The variation of uncertain demand is given to the proposal method. Furthermore, the method of forecasting demand and the effectiveness of fuzzy control method are confirmed by numerical experiments. As the results, the proposal method suppressed increase in an unnecessary cost when demand varies. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KawaseKoichi en-aut-sei=Kawase en-aut-mei=Koichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonishiMasami en-aut-sei=Konishi en-aut-mei=Masami kn-aut-name=¬¼³çZ kn-aut-sei=¬¼ kn-aut-mei=³çZ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImaiJun en-aut-sei=Imai en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name=¡ˆäƒ kn-aut-sei=¡ˆä kn-aut-mei=ƒ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Electronic and Information System Engineering Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Electronic and Information System Engineering Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Electronic and Information System Engineering Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=42 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=79 end-page=90 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2008 dt-pub=200801 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Temperature Distribution Control of Reactor Furnace by StateSpace Method using FEM Modeling en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The operations of a reactor furnace such as a blast furnace still depend on the experiences and intuitions of skilled operators due to the complexity of internal furnace phenomena and high temperature. There is a great demand for stable operations under the circumstances of a decrease in the number of skilled operators and difficulty in technology inheritance. This paper aims to construct mathematical description for control of a reactor furnace. Further, the linear-quadratic-gaussian control system for a reactor furnace is proposed, which estimates inner furnace temperature distribution using measured data near furnace wall. Temperature distribution of a furnace is controlled based on the estimated inner temperature distribution changing of boundary conditions of a furnace. The practicability of the proposed control method was checked through numerical experiments. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=NotsuTadafumi kn-aut-sei=Notsu kn-aut-mei=Tadafumi aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonishiMasami en-aut-sei=Konishi en-aut-mei=Masami kn-aut-name=¬¼³çZ kn-aut-sei=¬¼ kn-aut-mei=³çZ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImaiJun en-aut-sei=Imai en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name=¡ˆäƒ kn-aut-sei=¡ˆä kn-aut-mei=ƒ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Electronic and Information System Engineering Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Industrial Innovation Science Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Industrial Innovation Science Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=42 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=91 end-page=103 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2008 dt-pub=200801 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Cooperation of Production, Product Handling and TransferScheduling for Semiconductor Fabrication en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Various kind of productions are made in semiconductor fabrications, where it employs the production system with multiprocesses and multiple Automated Guided Vehicles(AGVs) for transportation. It is difficult to optimize planning of production and transportation simultaneously because of the complicated flow of semifinished products. This paper describes the formulations of production scheduling, transportation routing and sequence planning of material handling system, and algorithm for simultaneous optimization of plannings by using solution space reduction and simulated annealing method. In this paper, all production system is decomposed to the production scheduling problem, transportation routing problem by AGVs and sequence planning of material handling system with managing stockers and buffers. Production scheduling problem and transportation routing problem are solved by the optimization algorithm using the decomposition routing problem. Sequence planning of material handling robot problem is solved by the algorithm using simulated annealing method. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=RyoheiHamana en-aut-sei=Ryohei en-aut-mei=Hamana kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonishiMasami en-aut-sei=Konishi en-aut-mei=Masami kn-aut-name=¬¼³çZ kn-aut-sei=¬¼ kn-aut-mei=³çZ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImaiJun en-aut-sei=Imai en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name=¡ˆäƒ kn-aut-sei=¡ˆä kn-aut-mei=ƒ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Electronic and Information System Engineering Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Industrial Innovation Science Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Industrial Innovation Science Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=42 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=104 end-page=109 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2008 dt-pub=200801 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Fatigue Crack Propagation Evaluated by Electric Resistance and Ultrasonics in Copper Film Bonded to Base Metal with Resin en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=As model specimens of surface film-bonded materials, pure copper films with a thickness of 100ƒÊm were bonded to the surface of steel base with epoxy resin, where the tensile residual stress was measured by an X-ray on the surface copper film. The distribution of initial electric resistance was measured on both copper film and base specimen by a direct current potential drop technique. As a result, there was a good agreement between the measured and theoretical values. From the fatigue testing results, it was shown that the measured electric resistance increased with the fatigue crack length on the copper film, which was almost equal to the theoretical value calculated for a central slit in a plate with finite width. This was probably because the fatigue crack was opened due to the tensile residual stress on the film even under unloading condition. In addition, the internal crack length during fatigue was examined by ultrasonic testing for the film-bonded specimen. As a result, there was a difference in the fatigue crack length between the surface copper film and the inner base. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=DonghuiMA en-aut-sei=Donghui en-aut-mei=MA kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToriiTashiyuki en-aut-sei=Torii en-aut-mei=Tashiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimizuKenichi en-aut-sei=Shimizu en-aut-mei=Kenichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsubaAkira en-aut-sei=Matsuba en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate student, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Hiroshima Prefectural Technology Research Institute END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=42 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=110 end-page=114 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2008 dt-pub=200801 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Method for Checking the Parity of (#Jc - 1)=2 of Genus 2 and 3 Hyperelliptic Curves en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This paper shows a method for checking the parity of (#Jc ? 1)/2 without calculating the order #Jc, where #Jc is the order of genus 2 or 3 hyperelliptic curve. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NogamiYasuyuki en-aut-sei=Nogami en-aut-mei=Yasuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorikawaYoshitaka en-aut-sei=Morikawa en-aut-mei=Yoshitaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=41 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=10 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2007 dt-pub=200701 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Number of the Irreducible Cubic Polynomials in the Form of x(3) + ax + b with a Certain Fixed Element a en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this paper, we first show the number of x's such that x(2) +u, u ¸ F(*)(p) , becomes a quadratic residue in F(p), and then this number is proven to be equal to (p+1)/2 if ?u is a quadratic residue in Fp, which is a necessary fact for the following. With respect to the irreducible cubic polynomials over Fp in the form of x(3)+ax+b, we give a classification based on the trace of an element in F(p3) and based on whether or not the coefficient of x, i.e. the parameter a, is a quadratic residue in Fp. According to this classification, we can know the minimal set of the irreducible cubic polynomials, from which all the irreducible cubic polynomials can be generated by using the following two variable transformations: x=x + i, x=j?1x, i, j ¸ Fp, j ‚ 0. Based on the classification and that necessary fact, we show the number of the irreducible cubic polynomials in the form of x(3)+ax+b, b ¸ F(p), where a is a certain fixed element in F(p). en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NogamiYasuyuki en-aut-sei=Nogami en-aut-mei=Yasuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorikawaYoshitaka en-aut-sei=Morikawa en-aut-mei=Yoshitaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University en-keyword=Irreducible cubic polynomial kn-keyword=Irreducible cubic polynomial en-keyword=trace kn-keyword=trace en-keyword=quadratic residue kn-keyword=quadratic residue END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=41 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=11 end-page=19 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2007 dt-pub=200701 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=An Algorithm for Generating Irreducible Cubic Trinomials over Prime Field en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This paper proposes an algorithm for generating irreducible cubic trinomials in the form x(3) + ax + b, b ¸ F(p), where a is a certain fixed non-zero element in the prime field F(p). The proposed algorithm needs a certain irreducible cubic trinomial over F(p) to be previously given as a generator; however, the proposed algorithm can generate irreducible cubic polynomials one after another by changing a certain parameter in F(p). In this paper, we compare the calculation cost and the average computation time for generating an irreducible cubic polynomial, especially trinomial, among Hiramoto et al. irreducibility testing algorithm, Berlekamp-Massey minimal polynomial determining algorithm, and the proposed algorithm. From the experimental results, it is shown that the proposed algorithm is the fastest among the three algorithms for generating irreducible cubic trinomials. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NogamiYasuyuki en-aut-sei=Nogami en-aut-mei=Yasuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorikawaYoshitaka en-aut-sei=Morikawa en-aut-mei=Yoshitaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University en-keyword=irreducible cubic polynomial kn-keyword=irreducible cubic polynomial en-keyword=minimal polynomial kn-keyword=minimal polynomial END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=41 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=20 end-page=30 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2007 dt-pub=200701 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Method for Production Planning and Inventory Control in OilRenery en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this paper, we propose a simultaneous optimization method for inventory control and production planning problem for a chemical batch plant. The plant consists of blending process, intermediate storage tanks and filling process. In the proposed method, the original problem is decomposed into production planning sub-problem and inventory control sub-problem. Then the decision variables are optimized by alternately solving each sub-problem. The solution of the proposed method is compared with that of centralized optimization method. The effectiveness of the proposed method is investigated from numerical computational results. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ImamuraTakuji en-aut-sei=Imamura en-aut-mei=Takuji kn-aut-name=¡‘º‘ñŽi kn-aut-sei=¡‘º kn-aut-mei=‘ñŽi aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonishiMasami en-aut-sei=Konishi en-aut-mei=Masami kn-aut-name=¬¼³çZ kn-aut-sei=¬¼ kn-aut-mei=³çZ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImaiJun en-aut-sei=Imai en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name=¡ˆäƒ kn-aut-sei=¡ˆä kn-aut-mei=ƒ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Electronic and Information System Engineering Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Electronic and Information System Engineering Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Electronic and Information System Engineering Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=41 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=31 end-page=43 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2007 dt-pub=200701 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Simultaneous Optimization of Production and TransportationPlanning by using Logic Cut Algorithm en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Various kind of productions are made in semiconductor factories, where it employs the production system with multiprocess and multiple Automated Guided Vehicles(AGVs) for transportation. It is difficult to optimize planning of production and transportation simultaneously because of the complicated flow of semifinished products. This paper describes the formulations of production scheduling and transportation routing, and algorithm for simultaneous optimization of plannings by using logic cuts. The entire problem is decomposed to the master problem and the sub problem. If it derives the infeasible solutions, new constraints are added to the master problem to eliminate the solution area including infeasible solutions. The results of about optimality and computation time by using CPLEX solver are shown compared with conventional decomposition method to check up effectivity of proposed method in small size problem, and about optimality and computaion time for large scale problem. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HamanaRyohei en-aut-sei=Hamana en-aut-mei=Ryohei kn-aut-name=à_–¼—Ç•½ kn-aut-sei=à_–¼ kn-aut-mei=—Ç•½ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonishiMasami en-aut-sei=Konishi en-aut-mei=Masami kn-aut-name=¬¼³çZ kn-aut-sei=¬¼ kn-aut-mei=³çZ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImaiJun en-aut-sei=Imai en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name=¡ˆäƒ kn-aut-sei=¡ˆä kn-aut-mei=ƒ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Electronic and Information System Engineering Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Electronic and Information System Engineering Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Electronic and Information System Engineering Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=41 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=44 end-page=51 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2007 dt-pub=200701 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Decomposition of Time Petri Nets for Solving Optimal FiringSequence Problem en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Petri net model is a frequently-used versatile tool which can represent a widely discrete event system. However, when the scale of the system becomes large, the calculation time for solving optimal problem (optimal firing sequence problem) is markedly increased. In this paper, we propose an approximation method that achieves the efficiency improvement of the solution by decomposing the Petri net for solving the optimal firing sequence problem. A timed Petri Net is decomposed into several subnets in which the optimal firing sequence for each subnet is solved by Dijkstrafs algorithm in polynomial computational complexity. The effectivity of the proposed method is verified by numerical experiments for the flowshop schedule problem. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MaenoRyota en-aut-sei=Maeno en-aut-mei=Ryota kn-aut-name=‘O–ì—Ç‘¾ kn-aut-sei=‘O–ì kn-aut-mei=—Ç‘¾ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonishiMasami en-aut-sei=Konishi en-aut-mei=Masami kn-aut-name=¬¼³çZ kn-aut-sei=¬¼ kn-aut-mei=³çZ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImaiJun en-aut-sei=Imai en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name=¡ˆäƒ kn-aut-sei=¡ˆä kn-aut-mei=ƒ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=41 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=52 end-page=62 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2007 dt-pub=200701 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Heat and Mass Transfer Analysis of Fluidized Bed Grain Drying en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The effects of heat and mass transfer parameters on the efficiency of fluidized bed drying have been studied to optimize the input and output conditions. The analysis was carried out using two different materials, wheat and corn. Energy and exergy models based on the first and second law of thermodynamic are developed. Furthermore, some unified non-dimensional experimental correlations for predicting the efficiency of fluidized bed drying process have been proposed. The effects of hydrodynamics and thermodynamics conditions such as the inlet air temperature, the initial moisture content and well known Fourier and Reynolds numbers on energy efficiency and exergy efficiency were analyzed using the developed model. A good agreement was achieved between the model predictions, non-dimensional correlations and the available experimental results. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=InabaHideo en-aut-sei=Inaba en-aut-mei=Hideo kn-aut-name=ˆî—t‰p’j kn-aut-sei=ˆî—t kn-aut-mei=‰p’j aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=SyahrulHusain kn-aut-sei=Syahrul kn-aut-mei=Husain aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HoribeAkihiko en-aut-sei=Horibe en-aut-mei=Akihiko kn-aut-name=–x•”–¾•F kn-aut-sei=–x•” kn-aut-mei=–¾•F aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HarukiNaoto en-aut-sei=Haruki en-aut-mei=Naoto kn-aut-name=t–Ø’¼l kn-aut-sei=t–Ø kn-aut-mei=’¼l aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=41 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=63 end-page=72 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2007 dt-pub=200701 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Experimental Evaluation of Geometric Fitting Algorithms en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The convergence performance of typical numerical schemes for geometric fitting for computer vision applications is compared. First, the problem and the associated KCR lower bound are stated. Then, three well known fitting algorithms are described: FNS, HEIV, and renormalization. To these, we add a special variant of Gauss-Newton iterations. For initialization of iterations, random choice, least squares, and Taubinfs method are tested. Numerical simulations and real image experiments and conducted for fundamental matrix computation and ellipse fitting, which reveals different characteristics of each method. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KanataniKenichi en-aut-sei=Kanatani en-aut-mei=Kenichi kn-aut-name=‹à’JŒ’ˆê kn-aut-sei=‹à’J kn-aut-mei=Œ’ˆê aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugayaYasuyuki en-aut-sei=Sugaya en-aut-mei=Yasuyuki kn-aut-name=›’J•Û”V kn-aut-sei=›’J kn-aut-mei=•Û”V aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Computer Science, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Information and Computer Sciences Toyohashi University of Technology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=41 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=73 end-page=92 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2007 dt-pub=200701 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Statistical Optimization for Geometric Fitting: TheoreticalAccuracy Bound and High Order Error Analysis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A rigorous accuracy analysis is given to various techniques for estimating parameters of geometric models from noisy data for computer vision applications. First, it is pointed out that parameter estimation for vision applications is very different in nature from traditional statistical analysis and hence a different mathematical framework is necessary in such a domain. After general theories on estimation and accuracy are given, typical existing techniques are selected, and their accuracy is evaluated up to higher order terms. This leads to a ghyperaccurateh method that outperforms existing methods. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KanataniKenichi en-aut-sei=Kanatani en-aut-mei=Kenichi kn-aut-name=‹à’JŒ’ˆê kn-aut-sei=‹à’J kn-aut-mei=Œ’ˆê aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Computer Science, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=41 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=93 end-page=98 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2007 dt-pub=200701 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Structure, Morphology and Color Tone Properties of theNeodymium Substituted Hematite en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Co-precipitation method has been employed to fabricate neodymium substituted hematite with different compositions from the aqueous solution of their corresponding metal salts. Thermal analysis and X-ray diffraction studies revealed the coexistence of Fe(2)O(3) and Nd(2)O(3) phases up to 1050Ž and formation of solid solution phase among them at 1100Ž and above temperatures, which was evidenced by shifting of the XRD peaks. Unit cell parameters and the cell volumes of the samples were found to increase by adding Nd(3+) ions in the reaction process. FESEM studies showed the suppression of particle growth due to the presence of Nd(3+) ions. Spectroscopic measurement evidenced that neodymium substituted hematite exhibited brighter yellowish red color tone than that of pure ƒ¿-Fe(2)O(3). en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=Tarequl IslamBhuiyan kn-aut-sei=Tarequl Islam kn-aut-mei=Bhuiyan aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakanishiMakoto en-aut-sei=Nakanishi en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name=’†¼^ kn-aut-sei=’†¼ kn-aut-mei=^ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiiTatsuo en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Tatsuo kn-aut-name=“¡ˆä’B¶ kn-aut-sei=“¡ˆä kn-aut-mei=’B¶ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakadaJun en-aut-sei=Takada en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name=‚“c kn-aut-sei=‚“c kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Applied Chemistry Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Applied Chemistry Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Applied Chemistry Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Applied Chemistry Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=40 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=8 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2006 dt-pub=200601 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Fatigue Crack Propagation Behavior Bent from Precrack under Mixed-Mode Conditions - Noting the Crack-Surface Contact due to a Compressive Residual Stress along a Precrack - en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A testing for bent fatigue crack propagation under mixed-mode conditions was carried out using fatigue and annealed slant precracks with different slant angles, ƒÀ ,defined as the angle between loading and precrack directions in a rectangular plate. As a result, bent fatigue crack from the fatigue precrack with ƒÀ =45deg. propagated under mixed-mode conditions with mode II stress intensity factor (K(II))(est) evaluated from the discontinuous displacement measured along the crack. On the other hand, bent fatigue crack from the fatigue precrack with ƒÀ =60deg. and from the annealed precracks with both slant angles of ƒÀ =60deg. and ƒÀ =45deg. propagated under the mode I behavior. This was because the compressive residual stress near the fatigue precrack caused contact to each other between the upper and the lower surfaces of the precrack with the smaller slant angle ƒÀ . Furthermore, the fatigue crack propagation rates indicated almost the same relationship for all the data, using the mixed-mode effective stress intensity factor (K(M))(est), calculated from the discontinuous displacement measured along the bent fatigue crack. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MaYouLi en-aut-sei=Ma en-aut-mei=YouLi kn-aut-name=”n—L— kn-aut-sei=”n kn-aut-mei=—L— aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimizuKenichi en-aut-sei=Shimizu en-aut-mei=Kenichi kn-aut-name=´…Œ›ˆê kn-aut-sei=´… kn-aut-mei=Œ›ˆê aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToriiTashiyuki en-aut-sei=Torii en-aut-mei=Tashiyuki kn-aut-name=’¹‹‘¾Žn”V kn-aut-sei=’¹‹ kn-aut-mei=‘¾Žn”V aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Industrial Innovation Sciences The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Industrial Innovation Sciences The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=40 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=9 end-page=15 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2006 dt-pub=200601 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Statistical Estimation Model for Product Quality of Petroleum en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Controls of the temperature, pressure and flowing quantity are important for the stable operation of the product quality in the distillation tower. The usual measuring way of product quality estimation is made by the off-line analysis. In this paper, online estimation method of product quality is studied for improving the product quality. The estimation method based on stochastic analysis was developed for online estimation. In this paper, the data of temperature, pressure and flow volum in the distillation tower are treated. As the estimation models, RNN (Recurrent Neural Net Work) and PLS (Partial Least Square Regression Method) were adopted. The actual plant data were used in the analysis. Both PLS and RNN models could compensate each other to improve the accuracy in estimation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NukinaTakashi en-aut-sei=Nukina en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name=ŠÑ–¼‚Žj kn-aut-sei=ŠÑ–¼ kn-aut-mei=‚Žj aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonishiMasami en-aut-sei=Konishi en-aut-mei=Masami kn-aut-name=¬¼³çZ kn-aut-sei=¬¼ kn-aut-mei=³çZ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiTatsushi en-aut-sei=Nishi en-aut-mei=Tatsushi kn-aut-name=¼—³Žu kn-aut-sei=¼ kn-aut-mei=—³Žu aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImaiJun en-aut-sei=Imai en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name=¡ˆäƒ kn-aut-sei=¡ˆä kn-aut-mei=ƒ aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Division of Industrial Innovation Sciences The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Division of Industrial Innovation Sciences The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Division of Industrial Innovation Sciences The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=40 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=16 end-page=22 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2006 dt-pub=200601 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=RNN Based Auto-tuning of PID Control Gains in Hot StripLooper Controller en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this study, auto tuning of PID control gains in hot strip looper controller is made based on RNN model. Neuro emulator is employed to model the characteristics of looper dynamics. Combining neuro emulator and RNN model, auto tuning system of PID control gains is constructed. As the inputs to RNN, plural evaluation functions which reflect individual preference of human experts. Further, Self learning mechamism is embeded to RNN model which enables adaptation to the change in rolling chracteristics. Through numerical experiments, the effect of the proposed method is ascertained. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AbeYoshihiro en-aut-sei=Abe en-aut-mei=Yoshihiro kn-aut-name=ˆ¢•”‰õ—m kn-aut-sei=ˆ¢•” kn-aut-mei=‰õ—m aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonishiMasami en-aut-sei=Konishi en-aut-mei=Masami kn-aut-name=¬¼³çZ kn-aut-sei=¬¼ kn-aut-mei=³çZ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiTatsushi en-aut-sei=Nishi en-aut-mei=Tatsushi kn-aut-name=¼—³Žu kn-aut-sei=¼ kn-aut-mei=—³Žu aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImaiJun en-aut-sei=Imai en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name=¡ˆäƒ kn-aut-sei=¡ˆä kn-aut-mei=ƒ aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Division of Industrial Innovation Sciences The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Division of Industrial Innovation Sciences The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Division of Industrial Innovation Sciences The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=40 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=23 end-page=30 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2006 dt-pub=200601 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Transfer Routing of Ore Yard by Decentralized Agent Method en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In steel works, iron ores are stored in ore yard and sent to various plants of down stream accoding to transfer requests. To attain stable operation, it is neccesary to keep a certain allowable stock level in ore tanks of all plants. To this purpose, ore transfer routing method has been developed based on decentralized agent method. In case of disaster such as a big earthquake or a big fire, damages in the facilities of industrial complex may be unavoidable. In this paper, decentralized optimization method is tested to cope with such emergencies. Decentralized agents corresponding to kind of ore make their own transfer route plan exchanging information with others. As the application of the proposed method, transfer scheduling in ore yard in steel works are made in case of destruction of transfer facilities. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KikuchiJunji en-aut-sei=Kikuchi en-aut-mei=Junji kn-aut-name=‹e’rƒ“ñ kn-aut-sei=‹e’r kn-aut-mei=ƒ“ñ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonishiMasami en-aut-sei=Konishi en-aut-mei=Masami kn-aut-name=¬¼³çZ kn-aut-sei=¬¼ kn-aut-mei=³çZ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiTatsushi en-aut-sei=Nishi en-aut-mei=Tatsushi kn-aut-name=¼—³Žu kn-aut-sei=¼ kn-aut-mei=—³Žu aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImaiJun en-aut-sei=Imai en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name=¡ˆäƒ kn-aut-sei=¡ˆä kn-aut-mei=ƒ aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Division of Industrial Innovation Sciences The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Division of Industrial Innovation Sciences The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Division of Industrial Innovation Sciences The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=40 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=31 end-page=35 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2006 dt-pub=200601 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Melting of Spherical Yukawa Clusters Analyzed by Monte CarloSimulation en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We analyze the melting of spherical Yukawa clusters by Monte Carlo simulations. Spherical clusters are expected to be found in dusty plasmas in an isotropic environment such as microgravity and serve as a model for classical clusters. We obtain the specific heat through fluctuations of the potential energy and identify its peak as the transition temperature. Melting temperatures are compared with those of bulk Yukawa systems and it is confirmed that the melting temperature increases and approaches the bulk value with the increase of the system size. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OgawaTakafumi en-aut-sei=Ogawa en-aut-mei=Takafumi kn-aut-name=¬ì‹MŽj kn-aut-sei=¬ì kn-aut-mei=‹MŽj aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiChieko en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Chieko kn-aut-name=“Œ’ÒçŽ}Žq kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=çŽ}Žq aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsurutaKenji en-aut-sei=Tsuruta en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=’ß“cŒ’“ñ kn-aut-sei=’ß“c kn-aut-mei=Œ’“ñ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Industrial Innovation Sciences, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Industrial Innovation Sciences, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Industrial Innovation Sciences, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Industrial Innovation Sciences, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=40 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=36 end-page=39 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2006 dt-pub=200601 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Stochastic-Dierence-Equation Method for Long Time-scaleMolecular Dynamics Simulations en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We present a Stochastic-Difference-Equation (SDE) approach to long time-scale molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, which are required for nanosecond-scale phenomena. In this method, the MD trajectory in a fixed time period is obtained as a stationary solution of an action functional based on an error accumulation of the equation of motion along the path, thus reducing the problem to a boundary-value problem, instead of an initial-value problem in the ordinary MD method. We apply the method to formation processes of Cu thin film via nanocluster deposition onto a substrate. The applicability of the SDE algorithm to the problem and the effects of the choice of SDE parameters on the optimization processes of configuration pathway are examined. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UchidaAtsushi en-aut-sei=Uchida en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name=“à“cŒú kn-aut-sei=“à“c kn-aut-mei=Œú aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiChieko en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Chieko kn-aut-name=“Œ’ÒçŽ}Žq kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=çŽ}Žq aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsurutaKenji en-aut-sei=Tsuruta en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=’ß“cŒ’“ñ kn-aut-sei=’ß“c kn-aut-mei=Œ’“ñ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=40 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=40 end-page=43 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2006 dt-pub=200601 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Distribution of Electrons in Quantum Dots Analyzed by Classical Mapping and Molecular Dynamics en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The electron system of arbitrary degeneracy can be mapped onto a classical system where electrons of the same spin are assigned an additional interaction and the effect of degeneracy is taken into account through an imaginative temperature. We apply this method to electrons in quantum dots modeled as two-dimensional electron liquid confined in a finite domain by a harmonic potential. We analyze distribution functions by molecular dynamics instead of solving integral equations which are not so useful in the case without translational invariance. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakashiMiyake en-aut-sei=Takashi en-aut-mei=Miyake kn-aut-name=ŽO‘î—² kn-aut-sei=ŽO‘î kn-aut-mei=—² aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiChieko en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Chieko kn-aut-name=“Œ’ÒçŽ}Žq kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=çŽ}Žq aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsurutaKenji en-aut-sei=Tsuruta en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=’ß“cŒ’“ñ kn-aut-sei=’ß“c kn-aut-mei=Œ’“ñ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Industrial Innovation Sciences, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Industrial Innovation Sciences, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Industrial Innovation Sciences, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Industrial Innovation Sciences, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=40 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=44 end-page=52 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2006 dt-pub=200601 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Generating Dense Point Matches Using Epipolar Geometry en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Dense point matches are generated over two images by rectifying the two images to align epipolar lines horizontally, and horizontally sliding a template. To overcome inherent limitations of 2-D search, we incorporate the gnaturalness of the 3-D shapeh implied by the resulting matches. After stating our rectification procedure, we introduce our multi-scale template matching scheme and our outlier removal technique using tentatively reconstructed 3-D shapes. Doing real image experiments, we discuss the performance of our method and remaining issues. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SugayaYasuyuki en-aut-sei=Sugaya en-aut-mei=Yasuyuki kn-aut-name=›’J•Û”V kn-aut-sei=›’J kn-aut-mei=•Û”V aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanataniKenichi en-aut-sei=Kanatani en-aut-mei=Kenichi kn-aut-name=‹à’JŒ’ˆê kn-aut-sei=‹à’J kn-aut-mei=Œ’ˆê aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanazawaYasushi en-aut-sei=Kanazawa en-aut-mei=Yasushi kn-aut-name=‹à‘ò–õ kn-aut-sei=‹à‘ò kn-aut-mei=–õ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Computer Science, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Computer Science, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Knowledge-based Information Engineering Toyohashi University of Technology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=40 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=53 end-page=63 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2006 dt-pub=200601 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Uncalibrated Factorization Using a Variable Symmetric Affine Camera en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In order to reconstruct 3-D Euclidean shape by the Tomasi-Kanade factorization, one needs to specify an affine camera model such as orthographic, weak perspective, and paraperspective. We present a new method that does not require any such specific models. We show that a minimal requirement for an affine camera to mimic perspective projection leads to a unique camera model, which we call a symmetric affine camera, which has two free functions. We determine their values from input images by linear computation and demonstrate by experiments that an appropriate camera model is automatically selected. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KanataniKenichi en-aut-sei=Kanatani en-aut-mei=Kenichi kn-aut-name=‹à’JŒ’ˆê kn-aut-sei=‹à’J kn-aut-mei=Œ’ˆê aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugayaYasuyuki en-aut-sei=Sugaya en-aut-mei=Yasuyuki kn-aut-name=›’J•Û”V kn-aut-sei=›’J kn-aut-mei=•Û”V aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HannoAckermann kn-aut-sei=Hanno kn-aut-mei=Ackermann aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Computer Science, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Computer Science, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Computer Science, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=40 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=64 end-page=77 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2006 dt-pub=200601 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Overview of 3-D Reconstruction from Images en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This article summarizes recent advancements of the theories and techniques for 3-D reconstruction from multiple images. We start with the description of the camera imaging geometry as perspective projection in terms of homogeneous coordinates and the definition of the intrinsic and extrinsic parameters of the camera. Next, we described the epipolar geometry for two, three, and four cameras, introducing such concepts as the fundamental matrix, epipolars, epipoles, the trifocal tensor, and the quadrifocal tensor. Then, we present the self-calibration technique based on the stratified reconstruction approach, using the absolute dual quadric constraint. Finally, we give the definition of the affine camera model and a procedure for 3-D reconstruction based on it. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KanataniKenichi en-aut-sei=Kanatani en-aut-mei=Kenichi kn-aut-name=‹à’JŒ’ˆê kn-aut-sei=‹à’J kn-aut-mei=Œ’ˆê aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Computer Science, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=40 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=78 end-page=82 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2006 dt-pub=200601 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=An Eye-Contour Extraction Algorithm from Face Image usingDeformable Template Matching en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A variety of studies on face components such as eyes, lips, noses, and teeth have been proceeding in medicine, psychology, biometrics authentication, and other areas. In this paper, we present an algorithm of extracting eye contours from a face image using the deformable template matching method. Our template for an eye contour is composed of three quadratic functions for the perimeter and one circle for the pupil. In our algorithm, a digital color face image is rst converted to a binary image of representing eyes, after the region around eyes is identied on the face image by using hues and values of the color image. Then, parameters in the template are optimized by a local search method with a tabu period and a hill-climbing, so as to t the template to the eye contour in the binary image. The accuracy of our algorithm is evaluated through sample face images of students. In addition, the application of our proposal to eye shape indices is investigated in a face image database "HOIP", where recognizable dierence exists in index distributions between males and females. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FunabikiNobuo en-aut-sei=Funabiki en-aut-mei=Nobuo kn-aut-name=‘D‰gM¶ kn-aut-sei=‘D‰g kn-aut-mei=M¶ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IsogaiMegumi en-aut-sei=Isogai en-aut-mei=Megumi kn-aut-name=ˆéŠLˆ¤ kn-aut-sei=ˆéŠL kn-aut-mei=ˆ¤ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HigashinoTeruo en-aut-sei=Higashino en-aut-mei=Teruo kn-aut-name=“Œ–ì‹P•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ–ì kn-aut-mei=‹P•v aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=OdaMasashi kn-aut-sei=Oda kn-aut-mei=Masashi aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Grad. School of Natural Science & Tech. Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Grad. School of Natural Science & Tech. Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Grad. School of Inform. Science & Tech. Osaka University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Grad. School of Inform. Science & Tech. Osaka University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=40 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=83 end-page=94 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2006 dt-pub=200601 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Orders of Elliptic Curves y(2) = x(3) + b, b ¸ F(* q) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This paper particularly deals with elliptic curves in the form of E(x, y) = y(2) ? x(3) ?b = 0, b ¸ F(* q) , where 3 divides q?1. In this paper, we refer to the well-known twist technique as x-twist and propose y-twist. By combining x-twist and y-twist, we can consider six elliptic curves and this paper proposes a method to obtain the orders of these six curves by counting only one order among the six curves. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NogamiYasuyuki en-aut-sei=Nogami en-aut-mei=Yasuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorikawaYoshitaka en-aut-sei=Morikawa en-aut-mei=Yoshitaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University en-keyword=elliptic curve kn-keyword=elliptic curve en-keyword=twist kn-keyword=twist en-keyword=third power residue/non-residue kn-keyword=third power residue/non-residue END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=39 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=6 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=200501 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Improving Methods of Wear Resistance in Heavy Loaded SlidingFriction Pairs en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Improvement of wear resistance and durability of machine elements with sliding friction pairs is the important tribological problems. The wear resistance has been determined with many configurative parameters, technological parameters, and operational parameters. In this study kinematics of cylindrical joint (CJ), whose motion is reciprocating and rotating, and influence of various parameters on wear resistance of friction pair was investigated. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=Vladimir I.Klochikhin kn-aut-sei=Vladimir I. kn-aut-mei=Klochikhin aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiiMasahiro en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name=“¡ˆä³_ kn-aut-sei=“¡ˆä kn-aut-mei=³_ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaAkira en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=‹g“c² kn-aut-sei=‹g“c kn-aut-mei=² aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Russian Academy of Science affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=39 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=7 end-page=15 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=200501 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Microscopic Surface Change of Polycrystalline Aluminum duringTensile Plastic Deformation en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Roughening on free surface of polycrystalline metal during plastic deformation is closely related to the inhomogeneous deformation in the respective grain at the surface. Uniaxial tensile tests are carried out on annealed pure aluminum sheet specimens with various averaged grain sizes. The roughening is measured by a 3-dimensional stylus instrument to examine the roughness change in both sides of specimen surfaces at each strain. The irregularities on one side are reversed on the backside, when the averaged grain size is as large as the thickness of the specimen. Discussions are made on the relation between the surface shapes of both sides adopting the cross correlation factor. The strains of respective grains are also measured from the grain boundary shape before and after plastic deformation. There are some deviations in the strains of the grains and their standard deviation increases with the applied strain. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WangXiaoqun en-aut-sei=Wang en-aut-mei=Xiaoqun kn-aut-name=‰¤‹ÅŒQ kn-aut-sei=‰¤ kn-aut-mei=‹ÅŒQ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=AbeTakeji en-aut-sei=Abe en-aut-mei=Takeji kn-aut-name=ˆ¢•”•Ž¡ kn-aut-sei=ˆ¢•” kn-aut-mei=•Ž¡ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TadaNaoya en-aut-sei=Tada en-aut-mei=Naoya kn-aut-name=‘½“c’¼Æ kn-aut-sei=‘½“c kn-aut-mei=’¼Æ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimizuIchiro en-aut-sei=Shimizu en-aut-mei=Ichiro kn-aut-name=´…ˆê˜Y kn-aut-sei=´… kn-aut-mei=ˆê˜Y aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Tsuyama College of Technology affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=39 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=16 end-page=20 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=200501 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Immobilization of Photoelectric Dye on the Polyethylene FilmSurface en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=PE film was treated with fuming nitric acid at 80Ž for 20 min, resulting in introduction of COOH moieties on the film surface. The COOHfs were reacted with ethylenediamine, whose amino groups were used for linking with (2-[4-(dibutylamino)phenyl]ethenyl)-3-carboxy-methylbenzo-thiazolium, photoelectric dye (NK-5962), which absorbs visible light and converts the photon energy to electric potentials. The dye molecules were immobilized on the PE film surface and they were able to stimulate chick retinal tissues on incidence of visible light. These facts hopefully lead to development of an artificial retinal prosthesis. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UchidaTetsuya en-aut-sei=Uchida en-aut-mei=Tetsuya kn-aut-name=“à“c“N–ç kn-aut-sei=“à“c kn-aut-mei=“N–ç aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshimaruSanae en-aut-sei=Ishimaru en-aut-mei=Sanae kn-aut-name=Ίۑ•c kn-aut-sei=ÎŠÛ kn-aut-mei=‘•c aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimamuraKaoru en-aut-sei=Shimamura en-aut-mei=Kaoru kn-aut-name=“‡‘ºŒO kn-aut-sei=“‡‘º kn-aut-mei=ŒO aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=UjiAkihito en-aut-sei=Uji en-aut-mei=Akihito kn-aut-name=‰FŽ¡Íl kn-aut-sei=‰FŽ¡ kn-aut-mei=Íl aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuoToshihiko en-aut-sei=Matsuo en-aut-mei=Toshihiko kn-aut-name=¼”ör•F kn-aut-sei=¼”ö kn-aut-mei=r•F aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhtsukiHiroshi en-aut-sei=Ohtsuki en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=‘匎—m kn-aut-sei=‘匎 kn-aut-mei=—m aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=39 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=21 end-page=27 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=200501 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Application of Neural Network to Fault Diagnosis ofElectro-Mechanical System en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this paper, neuro based intelligent diagnosis methods for electro-mechanical control system are proposed. A self organizing map neural network (SOM) is used to classify measured data of the target system as a qualitative diagnostic method. Besides of the above procedure, it is expected to attain more efficient maintenance by a quantitative estimation of failure. For the purpose, new method is proposed using a hierarchical neural network (HNN). In the method, classified results by SOM are processed for the quantitative diagnosis. Hierarchical neural network can identify inner structure of the relations between failure causes and its results that enables a quantitative diagnosis. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TorigoeTakashi en-aut-sei=Torigoe en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name=’¹‰z’Žj kn-aut-sei=’¹‰z kn-aut-mei=’Žj aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonishiMasami en-aut-sei=Konishi en-aut-mei=Masami kn-aut-name=¬¼³çZ kn-aut-sei=¬¼ kn-aut-mei=³çZ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImaiJun en-aut-sei=Imai en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name=¡ˆäƒ kn-aut-sei=¡ˆä kn-aut-mei=ƒ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiTatsushi en-aut-sei=Nishi en-aut-mei=Tatsushi kn-aut-name=¼—³Žu kn-aut-sei=¼ kn-aut-mei=—³Žu aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Electronic and Information System Engineering Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Okayama affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Okayama affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Okayama END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=39 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=28 end-page=39 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=200501 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Application of Sequential Quadratic Programming Method toTemperature Distribution Control in Reactor Furnace en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In reactor furnace, due to high temperature and high pressure, data can be measured only near the furnace wall. In this paper, the way to estimate temperature distribution in a reactor furnace using measured data near the furnace walls and to control temperature distribution to the desired temperature distribution was studied. In the estimation, SQP method is employed using measured data near the furnace walls. As the result, the whole temperature distribution in a furnace could be obtained from such limited data. Furthermore, to control the temperature distribution in a reactor furnace, gas flow from multiple tuyeres and supplying material for controlling temperature distribution in a reactor furnace were determined by the SQP method. It was shown that temperature distribution in a furnace was regulated to achieve various desired distribution. Thus, it was verified that complicated temperature distribution in a reactor furnace could be controlled by combining furnace simulation and SQP method. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IshimaruKazuhito en-aut-sei=Ishimaru en-aut-mei=Kazuhito kn-aut-name=ΊۘaŽj kn-aut-sei=ÎŠÛ kn-aut-mei=˜aŽj aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonishiMasami en-aut-sei=Konishi en-aut-mei=Masami kn-aut-name=¬¼³çZ kn-aut-sei=¬¼ kn-aut-mei=³çZ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImaiJun en-aut-sei=Imai en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name=¡ˆäƒ kn-aut-sei=¡ˆä kn-aut-mei=ƒ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiTatsushi en-aut-sei=Nishi en-aut-mei=Tatsushi kn-aut-name=¼—³Žu kn-aut-sei=¼ kn-aut-mei=—³Žu aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Electronic and Information System Engineering Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Okayama affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Okayama affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Okayama END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=39 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=40 end-page=45 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=200501 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Agent Based Plant Allocation and Transfer Routing of Productsin Case of Emergency en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this paper, two problems, plant allocation problem and that of transfer routing from plants to customers, are considered simultaneously. Especially, adaptation scheme for emergency cases are checked. To solve these problems, decentralized agent based optimization procedures are used. In our study, oil production and products transfer in Saudi Arabia are treated. Through numerical experiments, practicability of the proposed method is verified. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Al-SehaimSulaiman en-aut-sei=Al-Sehaim en-aut-mei=Sulaiman kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonishiMasami en-aut-sei=Konishi en-aut-mei=Masami kn-aut-name=¬¼³çZ kn-aut-sei=¬¼ kn-aut-mei=³çZ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NoseKazuo en-aut-sei=Nose en-aut-mei=Kazuo kn-aut-name=”\¨˜a•v kn-aut-sei=”\¨ kn-aut-mei=˜a•v aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Engineering Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Engineering Osaka Sangyo University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=39 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=46 end-page=51 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=200501 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Electron Dynamics in Semiconducting Nanowires: A Real-Space,Polynomial-Expansion Approach en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We present a real-space, polynomial-expansion approach to electron dynamics in nanostructured semiconductors. The Chebyshev expansion method is employed for efficient calculation of timeevolution of single-electron wave function. Details of the formulation are described. The method is applied to the electron transport in nanostructured semiconductors such as Si nanowires. The mean-square displacement and diffusivity of electron in Si chains are obtained as functions of length of the chains. The results show clearly ballistic behavior of electron in the pure Si chain. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KadonoKeisuke en-aut-sei=Kadono en-aut-mei=Keisuke kn-aut-name=–å–ìŒb“T kn-aut-sei=–å–ì kn-aut-mei=Œb“T aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiChieko en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Chieko kn-aut-name=“Œ’ÒçŽ}Žq kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=çŽ}Žq aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsurutaKenji en-aut-sei=Tsuruta en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=’ß“cŒ’“ñ kn-aut-sei=’ß“c kn-aut-mei=Œ’“ñ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=39 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=52 end-page=55 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=200501 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Large-Scale Molecular Dynamics Simulation of CoulombClusters: A Finite-Temperature Analysis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Thermal behavior of Coulomb clusters in a three dimensional confining potential is investigated by molecular dynamics simulations for system sizes of 1,000 to 20,288 ions. The specific heat of the system of shell-structured 20,000 ions is peaked almost at the same temperature as the system of bcc-structured 20,288 ions with much sharper structure for the latter. The diffusion coefficient and the peak to valley ratio of the two-dimensional pair distribution function on the outermost shell are obtained both as a function of temperature. The rotational movement of each shell in the system of 104 ions is observed. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KanamoriKatsuya en-aut-sei=Kanamori en-aut-mei=Katsuya kn-aut-name=‹àXŽ–ç kn-aut-sei=‹àX kn-aut-mei=Ž–ç aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiChieko en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Chieko kn-aut-name=“Œ’ÒçŽ}Žq kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=çŽ}Žq aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsurutaKenji en-aut-sei=Tsuruta en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=’ß“cŒ’“ñ kn-aut-sei=’ß“c kn-aut-mei=Œ’“ñ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=39 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=56 end-page=62 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=200501 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Extracting Moving Objects from a Moving Camera VideoSequence en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We present a new method for extracting objects moving independently of the background from a video sequence taken by a moving camera. We first extract and track feature points through the sequence and select the trajectories of background points by exploiting geometric constraints based on the affine camera model. Then, we generate a panoramic image of the background and compare it with the individual frames. We describe our image processing and thresholding techniques. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SugayaYasuyuki en-aut-sei=Sugaya en-aut-mei=Yasuyuki kn-aut-name=›’J•Û”V kn-aut-sei=›’J kn-aut-mei=•Û”V aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanataniKenichi en-aut-sei=Kanatani en-aut-mei=Kenichi kn-aut-name=‹à’JŒ’ˆê kn-aut-sei=‹à’J kn-aut-mei=Œ’ˆê aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Information Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Information Technology, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=39 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=63 end-page=70 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=200501 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Optimality of Maximum Likelihood Estimation for GeometricFitting and the KCR Lower Bound en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Geometric fitting is one of the most fundamental problems of computer vision. In [8], the author derived a theoretical accuracy bound (KCR lower bound) for geometric fitting in general and proved that maximum likelihood (ML) estimation is statistically optimal. Recently, Chernov and Lesort [3] proved a similar result, using a weaker assumption. In this paper, we compare their formulation with the authorfs and describe the background of the problem. We also review recent topics including semiparametric models and discuss remaining issues. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KanataniKenichi en-aut-sei=Kanatani en-aut-mei=Kenichi kn-aut-name=‹à’JŒ’ˆê kn-aut-sei=‹à’J kn-aut-mei=Œ’ˆê aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Information Technology, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=39 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=71 end-page=81 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=200501 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Method for Generating Prime Order Elliptic Curves over F(q(2c)) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This paper proposes an algorithm for generating prime order elliptic curves over extension field whose extension degree is a power of 2. The proposed algorithm is based on the fact that the order of the twisted elliptic curve is able to be a prime number when the extension degree for the twist operation is a power of 2. When the definition field is F(2(40)?87)(4) , the proposed algorithm can generate a prime order elliptic curve within 5 seconds on PentiumIII (800MHz) with C language. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NogamiYasuyuki en-aut-sei=Nogami en-aut-mei=Yasuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorikawaYoshitaka en-aut-sei=Morikawa en-aut-mei=Yoshitaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Communication Network Engineering Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Communication Network Engineering Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=39 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=82 end-page=92 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=200501 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A High-Speed Square Root Computation in Finite Fields with Application to Elliptic Curve Cryptosystem en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this paper, we focus on developing a high-speed square root (SQRT) algorithm required for an elliptic curve cryptosystem. Examining Smart algorithm, the previously well-known SQRT algorithm, we can see that there is a lot of computation overlap in Smart algorithm and the quadratic residue (QR) test, which must be implemented prior to a SQRT computation. It makes Smart algorithm inefficient. The essence of our proposition is thus to present a new QR test and an efficient SQRT algorithm to avoid all the overlapping computations. The authors devised a SQRT algorithm for which most of the data required have been computed in the proposed QR test. Not only there is no computation overlap in the proposed algorithm and the proposed QR test, but also in the proposed algorithm over GF(p(2)) (4 | p ? 1) some computations can be executed in GF(p); whereas in Smart algorithm over GF(p(2)) all the computations must be executed in GF(p(2)). These yield many reductions in the computational time and complexity. We implemented the two QR tests and the two SQRT algorithms over GF(pm) (m=1, 2) in C++ language with NTL (Number Theory Library) on Pentium4 (2.6GHz), where the size of p is around 160 bits. The computer simulations showed that the proposed QR test and the proposed algorithm over GF(p(m)) were about 2 times faster than the conventional QR test and Smart algorithm over GF(p(m)). en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WangFeng en-aut-sei=Wang en-aut-mei=Feng kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NogamiYasuyuki en-aut-sei=Nogami en-aut-mei=Yasuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorikawaYoshitaka en-aut-sei=Morikawa en-aut-mei=Yoshitaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Communication Network Engineering Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Communication Network Engineering Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Communication Network Engineering Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=39 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=93 end-page=101 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=200501 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Scheme to Classify Clouds with the Depolarization Ratio andBackscattering Coeffcient Measured by Lidar en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The optical properties of clouds were measured with a polarization Mie lidar during April, 2004 and investigated to categorize the particles detected by the lidar. The cloud layers were categorized into five types according to the depolarization ratios, as follows: (I) constant and small (less than 5%); increasing with height (II) nearly from 0% and (III) from about 50%; (IV) large and varying with the backscattering coefficient; and (V) sharply decreasing. This categorization of clouds enabled us to separate aerosols from clouds in a lidar signal. Comparison of the backscattering coefficients between clouds of types (I) and (II) suggested that the depolarization ratio induced by multiple scattering in dense clouds does not depend on the particle density. Estimation of the particle phase for the five cloud categories was also examined. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IokibeKengo en-aut-sei=Iokibe en-aut-mei=Kengo kn-aut-name=ŒÜ•SŠø“ªŒ’Œá kn-aut-sei=ŒÜ•SŠø“ª kn-aut-mei=Œ’Œá aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyotaYoshitaka en-aut-sei=Toyota en-aut-mei=Yoshitaka kn-aut-name=–L“cŒ[F kn-aut-sei=–L“c kn-aut-mei=Œ[F aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadaOsami en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Osami kn-aut-name=˜a“cCŒÈ kn-aut-sei=˜a“c kn-aut-mei=CŒÈ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KogaRyuji en-aut-sei=Koga en-aut-mei=Ryuji kn-aut-name=ŒÃ‰ê—²Ž¡ kn-aut-sei=ŒÃ‰ê kn-aut-mei=—²Ž¡ aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=41 end-page=46 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=20010327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Alkenylation and Allylation of Aldehydes by Using an Ni/Cr/TDAE Redox System en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In 360 females, Bone mineral density (BMD) in lumbar vertebrae (L2-L4) was assessed by quantitative computed tomography (QCT), and the values obtained were compared with the frequency of vertebral transformation or fracture as assessed by lateral scan image (scanogram) by X-ray CT. A correlation was observed between the frequency of vertebral transformation (or fracture) and lumbar BMD values : BMD under 125 mg/cm(3) was observed over 90% of women with vertebral transformation, and BMD under 70mg/cm(3) was found about 50% of them. These results suggest that decrease in BMD in lumbar vertebrae leads to vertebral transformation or fracture. Thus, measurement of BMD by QCT would be very useful in predicting vertebral transformation or fractures. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KuroboshiManabu en-aut-sei=Kuroboshi en-aut-mei=Manabu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaMuneaki en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Muneaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KishimotoSuguru en-aut-sei=Kishimoto en-aut-mei=Suguru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=GotoKentaro en-aut-sei=Goto en-aut-mei=Kentaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaHideo en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Hideo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=31 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=19 end-page=33 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1996 dt-pub=19961227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Structure of Dusty Plasma as Yukawa System Confined in One-Dimensional External Fields en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=As a model of dusty plasmas in external fields, Yuka.wa system in a one-dimensional external field is analyzed by molecular dynamics simulations and theoretical approaches. It is shown that particles form clear thin layers (sheets) at low temperatures and the number of layers changes discretely with characteristic parameters of the system, accompanying the rearrangements of whole system from nearly equipartitioned layers to also nearly equipartitioned layers. The number, positions and populations of layers are obtained as functions of characteristic parameters. The shell (sheet) model which has been successful for confined one-component plasmas is extended to this system and results of numerical experiments are reproduced to a good accuracy. The effect of cohesive energy in each layer is of essential importance to reproduce discrete changes in the number of sheets. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KishimotoTokunari en-aut-sei=Kishimoto en-aut-mei=Tokunari kn-aut-name=ŠÝ–{“Ä–ç kn-aut-sei=ŠÝ–{ kn-aut-mei=“Ä–ç aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiChieko en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Chieko kn-aut-name=“Œ’ÒçŽ}Žq kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=çŽ}Žq aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=47 end-page=51 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=20010327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Diagnostic method for induction motor using simplified motor simulator en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this paper, an identification method of motor parameters for the diagnosis of rotor bar defects in the squirrel cage induction motor is proposed. It is difficult to distinguish the degree of deterioration by a conventional diagnostic method such as Fourier analysis. To overcome the difficulty, a motor simulator is used to identify the degree of deterioration of rotors in the squirrel cage induction motor. Using this method, the deterioration of rotor bars in the motor can be estimated quantitatively. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=DoumaeYukihiro en-aut-sei=Doumae en-aut-mei=Yukihiro kn-aut-name=“°‘OsG kn-aut-sei=“°‘O kn-aut-mei=sG aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonishiMasami en-aut-sei=Konishi en-aut-mei=Masami kn-aut-name=¬¼³çZ kn-aut-sei=¬¼ kn-aut-mei=³çZ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImaiJun en-aut-sei=Imai en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name=¡ˆäƒ kn-aut-sei=¡ˆä kn-aut-mei=ƒ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsadaHideki en-aut-sei=Asada en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitamuraAkira en-aut-sei=Kitamura en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate school of natural science and technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Kobe Steel, ltd. affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Kobe Steel, ltd. END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=33 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=97 end-page=103 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1999 dt-pub=19990427 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Inspection Method by Comparing CAD Figure with Processed Image en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We propose the recognition method of bridge soldering base metal on the circuits by comparing CAD figure and input image of image processing to locate the soldering iron tip accurately to secure the high quality Firstly, three dimensional CAD assembly drawing of circuits which are assembled perpendicularly in each other is projected on an imaginary two dimensional screen which is vertical to the optical axis of the camera The projected image is used as the standard CAD figure to inspect the location of the bridge soldering base metal. The positions among the bridge soldering base metals show the line state. So this line (connecting line) is used as the reference line to inspect the location of the bridge soldering base metal. The characteristics of the standard figure are represented by the connecting line, edge line and center points of base metal. Secondly, the position and gradient of connecting line among bridge soldering base metals in the input image is estimated. And the position of base metal and assembly accuracy of circuit units are calculated by comparing the shape and position of each base metal with its standard figure based on the connecting line Furthermore, the length between the opposite edges of the base metals are calculated to inspect the positions and the assemble accuracy of circuit units. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=JindaiMitsuru en-aut-sei=Jindai en-aut-mei=Mitsuru kn-aut-name=_‘ã[ kn-aut-sei=_‘ã kn-aut-mei=[ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘åèhˆê kn-aut-sei=‘åè kn-aut-mei=hˆê aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KajiharaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Kajihara en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name=ŠŒ´N”Ž kn-aut-sei=ŠŒ´ kn-aut-mei=N”Ž aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MunesawaYoshiomi en-aut-sei=Munesawa en-aut-mei=Yoshiomi kn-aut-name=@àV—Çb kn-aut-sei=@àV kn-aut-mei=—Çb aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TanoMasakazu kn-aut-sei=Tano kn-aut-mei=Masakazu aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=OkamotoKatsuyuki kn-aut-sei=Okamoto kn-aut-mei=Katsuyuki aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=NishinoAkira kn-aut-sei=Nishino kn-aut-mei=Akira aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=OkamotoAsao kn-aut-sei=Okamoto kn-aut-mei=Asao aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=NishimoriNaoki kn-aut-sei=Nishimori kn-aut-mei=Naoki aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Omron Okayama Co., Ltd. affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Omron Okayama Co., Ltd. affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=Omron Co., Ltd. affil-num=9 en-affil= kn-affil=Omron Co., Ltd. END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=8 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=20010327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Microscopic Observation of Plastic Deformation of Polycrystalline Aluminum by Laser Scanning Microscope en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Free surface of polycrystalline metal becomes roughened after plastic deformation. The surface roughening is closely related to the inhomogeneity of polycrystalline metals, that is, to the inhomogeneous plastic deformation of respective grains. In the present study, inhomogeneous deformation on the free surface of polycrystalline aluminum specimen during uniaxial tension is studied. The inhomogeneous deformation of grains in the central area of the free surface of specimen is observed by the laser scanning microscope, while the inhomogeneous deformation perpendicular to the surface is studied by the laser scanning microscope as well as the stylus measuring instrument. It is shown that the surface roughness and the strain of respective grains increase with the applied strain. Discussions are made on the change in the surface roughness, the strain in each grain and the slip-line angles with the applied strain. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AbeTakeji en-aut-sei=Abe en-aut-mei=Takeji kn-aut-name=ˆ¢•”•Ž¡ kn-aut-sei=ˆ¢•” kn-aut-mei=•Ž¡ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HualinSong kn-aut-sei=Hualin kn-aut-mei=Song aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=AkagiYasuo kn-aut-sei=Akagi kn-aut-mei=Yasuo aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimizuIchiro en-aut-sei=Shimizu en-aut-mei=Ichiro kn-aut-name=´…ˆê˜Y kn-aut-sei=´… kn-aut-mei=ˆê˜Y aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Engineering and Cooperative Research Center,Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=NEC Hiroshima, Ltd., Higashi?Hiroshima affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Engineering, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=9 end-page=19 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=20010327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Ultra-Micro Hardness Testing and Microscopic Deformationof Polycrystalline Aluminum en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The evaluation of microscopic inhomogeneity of polycrystalline aluminum is performed by measuring the hardness in respective grains. The recently developed ultra-micro hardness tester is used and the effects of the test pattern, the indentation load and the indenting velocity are examined. Then, the relationship between the increase in the hardness caused by the work hardening and the deformation of respective grains are statistically investigated. The hardness testing mode in which the initial load is applied before the onset of measurement gives more stable results than the testing mode without the initial load. The test condition with the indentation load of 9.8mN and the indentation velocity of 0.2 ƒÊm/sec seems to be optimum and gives the least dispersion of the measured values in grains. It is shown that the hardness values of respective grains in polycrystalline aluminum as well as their dispersion increase with the applied plastic strain. Discussion is made on the microscopic deformation behavior of polycrystalline aluminum. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AbeTakeji en-aut-sei=Abe en-aut-mei=Takeji kn-aut-name=ˆ¢•”•Ž¡ kn-aut-sei=ˆ¢•” kn-aut-mei=•Ž¡ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsuboiTomoaki en-aut-sei=Tsuboi en-aut-mei=Tomoaki kn-aut-name=’؈ä’qº kn-aut-sei=’؈ä kn-aut-mei=’qº aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Engineering and Cooperative Research Center,Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=21 end-page=28 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=20010327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Laser Welding of Slices of Magnetic Circuit en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In electric power industry, there is a problem of achieving stable joint in different components using high productive and efficient technologies. One type of these components is packages of slices for magnetic circuit of electric motors, transformers etc., which need reliable means for their fixing. Laser welding is proposed to solve this problem as an alternative for existing technologies. The development of the laser welding process is presented based on process simulation, study of heat history and comparison with experimental results. Laser beam additional scanning technique is proposed to improve the quality and efficiency of the joining operation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=S.kovalenkoVolodymyr en-aut-sei=S.kovalenko en-aut-mei=Volodymyr kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=UnoYoshiyuki en-aut-sei=Uno en-aut-mei=Yoshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkamotoYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Okamoto en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=AnyakinM. en-aut-sei=Anyakin en-aut-mei=M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=LutayA. en-aut-sei=Lutay en-aut-mei=A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShubulKhaled Al. en-aut-sei=Shubul en-aut-mei=Khaled Al. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering (Now at Laser Technology Research Institute, National Technical affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Laser Technology Research Institute, National Technical University of Ukraine affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Laser Technology Research Institute, National Technical University of Ukraine affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Laser Technology Research Institute, National Technical University of Ukraine END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=29 end-page=34 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=20010327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Synthesis of Poly(ethylene-block-vinylalcohol)for Use as Amphiphilic Film Surface at High Temperature en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Poly (ethylene-block-vinyl alcohol), which consisted of both hydrophobic and hydrophilic blocks, was prepared by using polyethylene single crystals as starting material. Polyethylene single crystals reacted with fuming nitric acid resulting in long methylene chains with functional groups such as COOH and NO(2) at the ends (the chain length were almost same as the lamellar thickness of polyethylene single crystal). The functionalized methylene chains were allowed to react with 4-aminostyrene to give corresponding amides, i.e., methylene chains with vinyl groups at the ends (macromer). The macromers were extended by block-copolymerization with vinyl acetate, then saponified resulting in PE/PVA block co-polymer. The block copolymer was molded into sheets which were subsequently heat-treated in contact with hydrophilic or hydrophobic media. Depending on the media, the sheet surface changed at high temperature reversibly from hydrophilic to hydrophobic and vice versa. The surface property was fixed by quenching because both blocks were able to crystallize. Thus the surface of this material can be tailored for various purposes at high temperature, and then used in stable at room temperature. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShimamuraKaoru en-aut-sei=Shimamura en-aut-mei=Kaoru kn-aut-name=“‡‘ºŒO kn-aut-sei=“‡‘º kn-aut-mei=ŒO aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MunesawaYuhji kn-aut-sei=Munesawa kn-aut-mei=Yuhji aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=UchidaTetsuya en-aut-sei=Uchida en-aut-mei=Tetsuya kn-aut-name=“à“c“N–ç kn-aut-sei=“à“c kn-aut-mei=“N–ç aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=35 end-page=40 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=20010327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Scanning Probe Microscopy of Poly(p-phenylene benzobisthiazole) Lamellar Crystal en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Rigid polymer, poly(p-phenylene benzobisthiazole), formed lamellar crystals where the molecular chains were oriented perpendicular to the lamellae. It was supposed that, because of wide distribution in the chain length, the lamellar surface bristled with the chain cilia among which many voids were included. Crystallographically, this region afforded us a transitional structure from full to deficient packings of chains. The structure was analyzed using the scanning probe microscope. In the course the method for imaging one molecular chain end was developed. From the images it was concluded that an isolated long cilius did not move so violently at room temperature. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShimamuraKaoru en-aut-sei=Shimamura en-aut-mei=Kaoru kn-aut-name=“‡‘ºŒO kn-aut-sei=“‡‘º kn-aut-mei=ŒO aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=UchidaTetsuya en-aut-sei=Uchida en-aut-mei=Tetsuya kn-aut-name=“à“c“N–ç kn-aut-sei=“à“c kn-aut-mei=“N–ç aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=InoueTomohiro en-aut-sei=Inoue en-aut-mei=Tomohiro kn-aut-name=ˆäã’q”Ž kn-aut-sei=ˆäã kn-aut-mei=’q”Ž aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=34 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=12 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2000 dt-pub=20000327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Falling Snow Melting Characteristics of Warm Water Flowing along Sheet Channels Spread on a Roof en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The experiment for investigating the falling snow melting characteristics of warm water flowing along sheet channels spread on a roof was performed in Tookamachi city, Nigata prefecture from February 6 to February 7, 1995. The sheet surface temperatures at 11 positions in 3 channels were measured. A physical model for a gas-water-snow system was constructed to compare the predicted results with the measured ones. A fully spread uniform water film in the sheet channel was observed in the experiments. The experimental results elucidated that it was feasible to use warm water flowing along sheet channels for melting falling snow on roofs. The temperature drop in the sheet channel mainly depended on the snowfall intensity, atmospheric temperature and wind speed. Under the influence of the roof edge, the temperature drop in the channel next to the side edge was much larger than that in middle channels. A water-snow two phase flow or a snow covered frozen water was experienced temporarily in the lower reaches of the water flowing channel. These suggest that a larger water flow rate is needed for the channel next to the roof edge, and a higher inlet temperature or a greater water flow rate is required for a severe weather condition. There was reasonably good agreement between the measured and predicted water temperatures. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=SongBaoyin kn-aut-sei=Song kn-aut-mei=Baoyin aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=InabaHideo en-aut-sei=Inaba en-aut-mei=Hideo kn-aut-name=ˆî—t‰p’j kn-aut-sei=ˆî—t kn-aut-mei=‰p’j aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HoribeAkihiko en-aut-sei=Horibe en-aut-mei=Akihiko kn-aut-name=–x•”–¾•F kn-aut-sei=–x•” kn-aut-mei=–¾•F aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TakahashiTakashi kn-aut-sei=Takahashi kn-aut-mei=Takashi aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Patedision Co. Ltd. END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=34 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=13 end-page=17 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2000 dt-pub=20000327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effect of Specimen Thickness on Aging and Fatigue Strength of Al-Zn Alloys en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Repeated tensile fatigue strength of the low temperature age-hardened Al-Zn alloys is investigated varying the specimen thickness. Fatigue strength of the age-hardened specimens decreases with the specimen thickness when the specimen is thinner than a certain thickness, whereas fatigue strength of non age-hardened specimens, i.e., pure aluminum and dilute Al-Zn alloy, does not depend the specimen thickness. The dependence of fatigue strength on the thickness of age-hardened specimen is considered to be caused by the decrease of the strength of specimen as a whole, as a result of increase in volume ratio of the soft surface layer formed after age-hardening with decreasing specimen thickness. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakakibaraAkira en-aut-sei=Sakakibara en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=匴¸ kn-aut-sei=匴 kn-aut-mei=¸ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanimotoTadashi en-aut-sei=Tanimoto en-aut-mei=Tadashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsushimaTakahisa en-aut-sei=Matsushima en-aut-mei=Takahisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HosokawaNorio en-aut-sei=Hosokawa en-aut-mei=Norio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanadaniTeruto en-aut-sei=Kanadani en-aut-mei=Teruto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering, Okayama University of Science affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Okayama University of Science (Present: Daiwabo Co., Ltd.) affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering, Okayama University of Science affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering, Okayama University of Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=53 end-page=61 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=20010327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Focusing Characteristic Analysis of Circular Fresnel Zone Plate Lens en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Fresnel zone plate lens (FZPL) has widely been used in electromagnetic antenna applications. Most analysis method based on the potential (scalar) wave approximation has been applied to a few very limited and simplified cases. The present paper analyzes the FZPL in more general form including the diffraction and transmission using the method of moments (MoM). The focusing gain characteristics in the oblique incidence as well as in the normal incidence are considered. The MoM solution using the three-dimensional vectorial formulation requires a large memory space for the FZPL as it is operated at a short wavelength. This is simply overcome by using an iterative conjugate gradient method for the numerical evaluation. The MoM solutions are compared with the other solutions. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KimTae Yong kn-aut-sei=Kim kn-aut-mei=Tae Yong aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KagawaYukio en-aut-sei=Kagawa en-aut-mei=Yukio kn-aut-name=‰ÁìK—Y kn-aut-sei=‰Áì kn-aut-mei=K—Y aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Departrnent of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=63 end-page=75 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=20010327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Nonorthogonal Tight-Binding Molecular Dynamics for Si(1-x)Ge(x) Alloys en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We present a theoretical study of Si(1-x)Ge(x) alloys based on tight-binding molecular dynamics (TBMD) calculations. First, we introduce a new set of nonorthogonal tight-binding parameters for silicon and germanium based on the previous work by Menon and Subbaswamy [Phys. Rev. B 55, 9231 (1997); J. Phys: Condens. Matter 10, 10991 (1998)]. We then apply the method to structural analyses of Si(1-x)Ge(x) alloys. The equilibrium volume and atomic structure for a given x are obtained by the TBMD method. We also calculate the bulk modulus B, elastic constants C(11), C(12) and C(44) as a function of x. The results show that the moduli vary monotonically, but nonlinearly, between the values of Si crystal and Ge crystal. The validity of the results is also discussed. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=ShinomiyaShigeru kn-aut-sei=Shinomiya kn-aut-mei=Shigeru aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiChieko en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Chieko kn-aut-name=“Œ’ÒçŽ}Žq kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=çŽ}Žq aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsurutaKenji en-aut-sei=Tsuruta en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=’ß“cŒ’“ñ kn-aut-sei=’ß“c kn-aut-mei=Œ’“ñ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=34 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=19 end-page=26 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2000 dt-pub=20000327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Energy Distribution in Electrical Discharge Machining with Graphite Electrode en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In EDM, the machining characteristics greatly depend on the energy distribution. Therefore, it is very important to clarify the energy distribution for understanding various phenomena in EDM. In this paper, the energy distribution in EDM with graphite electrode is investigated by measuring the temperatures of electrode and workpiece. Experimental analysis shows that the material removal rate depends on energy density while the electrode wear greatly depends on the adhesion of heat resolved carbon from machining fluid, and the energies distributed into electrode and workpiece are almost constant regardless of pulse duration. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkadaAkira en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=UnoYoshiyuki en-aut-sei=Uno en-aut-mei=Yoshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkajimaIsao en-aut-sei=Okajima en-aut-mei=Isao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=34 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=27 end-page=37 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2000 dt-pub=20000327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Depolarization properties of Asian dust (KOSA) measured hyLIDAR in Okayama in the spring of 1998 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In spring of 1998, Asian dust was observed with a Mie LIDAR in Okayama University, which can measure depolarization ratio. Three events of intense Asian dust were occurred in the period and medially detailed structure of atmosphere was found after examining records. Asian dust was distinguished from water droplets and the possibility to study three dimensional dynamic structure of atmosphere were demonstrated. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WeiHe en-aut-sei=Wei en-aut-mei=He kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KogaRyuji en-aut-sei=Koga en-aut-mei=Ryuji kn-aut-name=ŒÃ‰ê—²Ž¡ kn-aut-sei=ŒÃ‰ê kn-aut-mei=—²Ž¡ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IokibeKengo en-aut-sei=Iokibe en-aut-mei=Kengo kn-aut-name=ŒÜ•SŠø“ªŒ’Œá kn-aut-sei=ŒÜ•SŠø“ª kn-aut-mei=Œ’Œá aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadaOsami en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Osami kn-aut-name=˜a“cCŒÈ kn-aut-sei=˜a“c kn-aut-mei=CŒÈ aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyotaYoshitaka en-aut-sei=Toyota en-aut-mei=Yoshitaka kn-aut-name=–L“cŒ[F kn-aut-sei=–L“c kn-aut-mei=Œ[F aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate school of natural science and technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate school of natural science and technology affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering en-keyword=Mie lidar kn-keyword=Mie lidar en-keyword=Asian dust (KOSA) kn-keyword=Asian dust (KOSA) en-keyword=depolarization ratio kn-keyword=depolarization ratio en-keyword=backscattering ratio kn-keyword=backscattering ratio en-keyword=range normalized kn-keyword=range normalized END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=77 end-page=95 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=20010327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Molecular Dynamics of Yukawa System using the Fast Multipole Method en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In order to perform the large-scale molecular dynamics simulation of the Yukawa system, a mathematical expression for molecular dynamics using the fast multipole method is described. The model simulations are also performed to test the performance of our implementation of the FMM. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KishimotoTokunari kn-aut-sei=Kishimoto kn-aut-mei=Tokunari aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiChieko en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Chieko kn-aut-name=“Œ’ÒçŽ}Žq kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=çŽ}Žq aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsurutaKenji en-aut-sei=Tsuruta en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=’ß“cŒ’“ñ kn-aut-sei=’ß“c kn-aut-mei=Œ’“ñ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=97 end-page=135 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=20010327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Abductive Proof Procedure with Adjusting Derivations for General Logic Programs en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this paper, we formulate a new integrity constraint in correlation with 3-valued stable models in an abduction framework based on general logic programs. Under the constraint, not every ground atom or its negation is a logical consequence of the theory and an expected abductive explanation, but some atom may be unspecified as a logical consequence by an adjustment. As a reflection of the integrity constraint with an adjustment, we augment an adjusting derivation to Eshghi and Kowalski abductive proof procedure, in which such an unspecified atom can be dealt with. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamasakiSusumu en-aut-sei=Yamasaki en-aut-mei=Susumu kn-aut-name=ŽRèi kn-aut-sei=ŽRè kn-aut-mei=i aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuroseYoshinori en-aut-sei=Kurose en-aut-mei=Yoshinori kn-aut-name=•£‹`‘¥ kn-aut-sei=•£ kn-aut-mei=‹`‘¥ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Information Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=34 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=39 end-page=43 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2000 dt-pub=20000327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Cytocompatibility of Silicone Elastomer Treated with Hydrogenperoxide Containing Tantalum Chloride en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Silicone elastomer was chemically treated at 60Ž for 7 days with 30 wt% H(2)O(2) solutions with or without TaCl(5) and soaked for various periods in a simulated body fluid(Kokubo solution) up to 21 days. Apatite formation ability of the surface of the silicone elastomer specimens was investigated with thin-film X-ray diffraction and FT-IR reflection spectroscopy. These silicone specimens did not deposit apatite or calcium phosphates, irrespective of chemical treatment. Osteoblast-like cells (MC3T3-El) derived from mouse were cultured on the specimens at 36.5Ž under 5%C0(2) and 95% humidity. Similar degree of proliferation of cells was observed at 7 days among three specimens, while the no treatment specimen after incubation for 5 days showed a lower degree of proliferation than the silicone treated with 30 wt% H(2)O(2) solutions with or without TaCl(5). Alkaline phosphatase activity of the cells proliferated on the no treatment specimen was lower than those of the silicone treated with 30 wt% H(2)O(2) solutions with or without TaCl(5). These results indicate that the cytotoxicity of the silicone could be improved by the chemical treatment with 30 wt% H(2)O(2) solutions with or without TaCl(5). en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HayakawaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Hayakawa en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name=‘ì‘ kn-aut-sei=‘ì kn-aut-mei=‘ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShirosakiYuki en-aut-sei=Shirosaki en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name=éè—R‹I kn-aut-sei=éè kn-aut-mei=—R‹I aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YabutaTakeshi en-aut-sei=Yabuta en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name=âÖ“c•Ži kn-aut-sei=âÖ“c kn-aut-mei=•Ži aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsuruKanji en-aut-sei=Tsuru en-aut-mei=Kanji kn-aut-name=“s—¯Š°Ž¡ kn-aut-sei=“s—¯ kn-aut-mei=Š°Ž¡ aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=OhtsukiChikara kn-aut-sei=Ohtsuki kn-aut-mei=Chikara aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakaAkiyoshi en-aut-sei=Osaka en-aut-mei=Akiyoshi kn-aut-name=”öâ–¾‹` kn-aut-sei=”öâ kn-aut-mei=–¾‹` aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Materials Science. Nara Institute of Science and Technology affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=137 end-page=146 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=20010327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Characteristics of a Monoacylglycerol Lipase Isolated from Pseudomonas sp. LP7315 -Hydrolysis and Synthesis of Monoglycerides en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL) was purified from Pseudomonas sp. LP7315 by ammonium sulfate precipitation, anion-exchange chromatography, and preparative electrophoresis. The purified enzyme was homogeneous on an SDS-polyacrylamide gel with a molecular mass of 59 kDa. Its hydrolytic activity was confirmed to be specific for monoglycerides: the enzyme did not hydrolyze diand triglycerides. MGL was found to be stable even after l-h incubation at 65Ž. The hydrolytic activity depended not only on temperature and pH but also on the type of monoglyceride used. MGL also catalyzed monoglyceride synthesis at 65Ž in a solvent-free two-phase system, in which fatty acid droplets were dispersed in the glycerol phase with a low water content. The synthetic reaction proceeded at a constant rate for approximately 24 h and reached an equilibrium after 48 h of reaction. The initial rate of the synthetic reaction depended on several factors: the type of fatty acid used as the substrate, the amounts of fatty acid and glycerol, and the concentration of MGL in the glycerol phase. To analyze the effects of these factors, a kinetic model was developed based on the assumption that the adsorption equilibrium of MGL molecules at the interface between the two phases is the rate-determining factor for the synthetic reaction. The model was found to yield a good approximation of the initial synthetic rate under various reaction conditions. The analysis suggests that the adsorption behavior of MGL onto the interface had a large effect on the initial rate of the monoglyceride synthesis. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakiyamaTakaharu en-aut-sei=Sakiyama en-aut-mei=Takaharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshimiTsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Yoshimi en-aut-mei=Tsuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyakeAkira en-aut-sei=Miyake en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=UmeokaMidori en-aut-sei=Umeoka en-aut-mei=Midori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaAtsushi en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OzakiSho en-aut-sei=Ozaki en-aut-mei=Sho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakanishiKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Nakanishi en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Daiwa Kasei K.K. affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Daiwa Kasei K.K. affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=30 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=7 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19951228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Method for Standardizing Parts with Integer Programming en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A method for standardizing parts is proposed. This method aims to reduce the sort of parts for cutting the manufacturing cost and for improving specifications of parts. Two linear mathematical programming models are proposed for standardizing the parts. One model aims at cutting cost half without causing any degradation of mechanical specifications of parts. The other model aims at doubling mechanical specifications of parts below the acceptable manufacturing cost. These models are formulated in 0-1 integer programming forms. The integer programming model shows which part is common to other parts. An example is shown to demonstrate the use of the developed method. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=DongLiu kn-aut-sei=Dong kn-aut-mei=Liu aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KajiharaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Kajihara en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name=ŠŒ´N”Ž kn-aut-sei=ŠŒ´ kn-aut-mei=N”Ž aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘åèhˆê kn-aut-sei=‘åè kn-aut-mei=hˆê aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MunesawaYoshiomi en-aut-sei=Munesawa en-aut-mei=Yoshiomi kn-aut-name=@àV—Çb kn-aut-sei=@àV kn-aut-mei=—Çb aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=147 end-page=154 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=20010327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The role of interhelical cleavage for insecticidal activityof Bacillus thuringiensis Cry4A toxin en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The Cry4A toxin is a dipteran-specific insecticidal protein produced by Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis as a protoxin of 130 kDa. Its active form is a heterodimer of 20- and 45-kDa fragments which is generated by an interhelical cleavage of a 60-kDa intermediate at the position of Gln236 between ƒ¿5 and ƒ¿6 helices in domain I. On the other hand, Cry1Aa, which is also produced as a 130-kDa protoxin but toxic to lepidopteran larvae, was processed into the active 60-kDa fragment with no additional cleavage. To investigate the role of the intramolecular cleavage of Cry4A for its insecticidal activity, the loop between ƒ¿5 and ƒ¿6 of Cry4A which includes the cleavage site was substituted for the corresponding region of Cry1Aa. The resulting mutant designated GST-60Loop was expressed as a GST-fusion protein. A difference of the processing profile was observed between GST-60 and GST-60Loop in the in vitro digestion assay by trypsin, and the insecticidal activity of GST-60Loop was two-fold lower than that of GST-60. These results suggested that the interhelical cleavage of Cry4A promoted the toxicity against C. pipiens larvae. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamagiwaMasashi en-aut-sei=Yamagiwa en-aut-mei=Masashi kn-aut-name=ŽRÛ‰ëŽ kn-aut-sei=ŽRÛ kn-aut-mei=‰ëŽ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakaiHiroshi en-aut-sei=Sakai en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=Žðˆä—T kn-aut-sei=Žðˆä kn-aut-mei=—T aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=30 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=9 end-page=17 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19951228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Logical Problem Decomposing Method for Decision Makers en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Decision Support Systems (DSS) have been taken as hopeful support tools for decision making for more than 20 years. There are a lot of literatures on DSS, but most of them are not so practical as the designers expected. This paper points out the crux of this situation and argues that the research on DSS should pay some more attention to the decision making activities before the model using stage. A method named "Problem Situation Decomposing Graph (PSDG)" is presented in this paper for helping the decision maker(DM) elicit the decision making problems. A PSDG is an acycle AND/OR logical directed graph, and which includes all the factors affecting the problem situation based on the DM's knowledge. The logical nodes and parameter determining methods in PSDG can reflect the DM's decision making style. This paper introduces some basic concepts of PSDG, discusses some of its characteristics, and proposes a logical adjacency matrix for PSDG representation and analysis. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=DingRonggui kn-aut-sei=Ding kn-aut-mei=Ronggui aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘åèhˆê kn-aut-sei=‘åè kn-aut-mei=hˆê aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=155 end-page=161 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=20010327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Methods for Tele-Operation of Mobile Type Maintenance Robot en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This paper proposes a concept of a mobile type maintenance robot (MMR in shortly) that is controlled by the tele-operation for assuring the safety and health improvement of work forces. The main components of this system are the industrial robot, an image processing unit, vehicle and computers for tele-operation. Our focus is paid on a method that determine a pathway to move every places where troubles would occur. This method makes it possible that the MMR could arrive any place in the factory with three times of turns at most. Additionally, turning radius of the vehicle is considered for correcting the pathway near the corners to make it possible that it arrives to the place accurately. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TakahashiHiromitsu kn-aut-sei=Takahashi kn-aut-mei=Hiromitsu aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MunesawaYoshiomi en-aut-sei=Munesawa en-aut-mei=Yoshiomi kn-aut-name=@àV—Çb kn-aut-sei=@àV kn-aut-mei=—Çb aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KajiharaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Kajihara en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name=ŠŒ´N”Ž kn-aut-sei=ŠŒ´ kn-aut-mei=N”Ž aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘åèhˆê kn-aut-sei=‘åè kn-aut-mei=hˆê aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=WadaYatarou kn-aut-sei=Wada kn-aut-mei=Yatarou aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=30 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=19 end-page=24 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19951228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Principle of Biodynamic Analysis Using Human Limb Electrical Impedance en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This paper describes a new measurement method and principle of detection of biodynamics using bioelectrical impedance method based on four-electrode technique with sinusoidal constant current. This method uses a human body itself as a part of the sensor. First, we show a bioelectrical impedance measuring device and the change of bioelectrical resistance is measured in human movement. Second, we proposes a principle of detection of biodynamics based on correspondence of magnitude, form and stability of movement to impedance waveform. Hence we can use this method for the judgement of sports skill using the impedance characteristics. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NakamuraTakao en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Takao kn-aut-name=’†‘º—²•v kn-aut-sei=’†‘º kn-aut-mei=—²•v aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoYoshitake en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Yoshitake kn-aut-name=ŽR–{®• kn-aut-sei=ŽR–{ kn-aut-mei=®• aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=School of Health Sciences affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=73 end-page=85 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1993 dt-pub=19930325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Design of an Adaptive Observer to Estimate Unknown Periodical Disturbances en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This report deals with the problem of designing an adaptive observer for estimating unknown periodical disturbances. This is very practical problem because in the area of control of servomechanisms such disturbances are always encountered. When the disturbance cannot be directly measured or eliminated at the source it is necessary to perform a prediction. When a periodical disturbance is present the frequencies appear as unknown parameters and they have to be identified. In order to identify the unknown parameters, it is necessary to transform the composite system model, which contains the models of the controlled system and the disturbances, into observable canonical form. In addition, an inverse transformation is required to calculate the estimates of the present disturbances. In this report, firstly, a review of an adaptive observer for estimation of unknown periodical disturbances is presented. Later a calculation of the disturbance estimate is derived using the algebraic programming system REDUCE. The proposed method here allows to perform all the necessary transformations and to obtain the disturbance estimation without using the transformation matrix. The calculations of these transformations are complicated and, hitherto, there is no simple method to perform them. The results of disturbance estimation are illustrated by two examples. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KroumovValeri T. kn-aut-sei=Kroumov kn-aut-mei=Valeri T. aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=InoueAkira en-aut-sei=Inoue en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=ˆä㺠kn-aut-sei=ˆäã kn-aut-mei=º aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasudaShiro en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Shiro kn-aut-name=‘“cŽm˜N kn-aut-sei=‘“c kn-aut-mei=Žm˜N aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Information Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Information Technology affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Information Technology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=163 end-page=168 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=20010327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Development of Assembly Robot System for Flexible Belt-Shaped Subject en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We develop an assembly robot system for assembling the flexible belt-shaped subject. An image processing method is developed to recognize the belt-shaped subject. This method is able to determine the grasping point and grasping angle for piking up a subject by a multiple hands unit. CAD information is used to determine the grasping point. The multiple hands unit is developed, which is able to grasp all grasping points of a subject at a time. In addition, the image processing method is used to judge whether a subject is fastened accurately at right position or not during the assembly. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=UchiyamaHiromitsu kn-aut-sei=Uchiyama kn-aut-mei=Hiromitsu aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MiyazakiSatoshi kn-aut-sei=Miyazaki kn-aut-mei=Satoshi aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘åèhˆê kn-aut-sei=‘åè kn-aut-mei=hˆê aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KajiharaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Kajihara en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name=ŠŒ´N”Ž kn-aut-sei=ŠŒ´ kn-aut-mei=N”Ž aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MunesawaYoshiomi en-aut-sei=Munesawa en-aut-mei=Yoshiomi kn-aut-name=@àV—Çb kn-aut-sei=@àV kn-aut-mei=—Çb aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MatsukiKatsunori kn-aut-sei=Matsuki kn-aut-mei=Katsunori aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Uchiyama Manufacturing Corporation END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=30 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=25 end-page=33 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19951228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Identification of Electric Charge Distribution Using Dual Reciprocity Boundary Element Models en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Identification of unknown electric charges or sources distributed in space is made from the data observed over the field boundary using dual reciprocity boundary element models. The inhomogeneous term of the Poisson field can equivalently be expressed as the linear combination of the functions associated with the particular solutions to transform into Laplace equation. For the solution procedure, the variational formulation is employed, in which the regular boundary integral approach is incorporated to avoid the singularity. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the availability and the capability. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=SunYonghao kn-aut-sei=Sun kn-aut-mei=Yonghao aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KagawaYukio en-aut-sei=Kagawa en-aut-mei=Yukio kn-aut-name=‰ÁìK—Y kn-aut-sei=‰Áì kn-aut-mei=K—Y aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=169 end-page=175 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=20010327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=An Image Processing Method for Handling Subject Piled in a Container en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We propose an image processing method for part handling robot for picking up subjects piled in a container. Line laser light is projected on subjects, and its external shape is detected by many segments of a line laser, and pitch, roll, and yaw angles of subject are recognized precisely. A priority rule is settled to choose one subject that is taken out. This rule is determined by considering the grasping space, the position of a subject, the movement space of hand and so on. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=UedaKiyotaka kn-aut-sei=Ueda kn-aut-mei=Kiyotaka aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘åèhˆê kn-aut-sei=‘åè kn-aut-mei=hˆê aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KajiharaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Kajihara en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name=ŠŒ´N”Ž kn-aut-sei=ŠŒ´ kn-aut-mei=N”Ž aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MunesawaYoshiomi en-aut-sei=Munesawa en-aut-mei=Yoshiomi kn-aut-name=@àV—Çb kn-aut-sei=@àV kn-aut-mei=—Çb aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=30 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=35 end-page=46 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19951228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Finite Elements with Divergence-free Shape Function and theApplication to Inhomogeneously-loaded Waveguide Analysis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Divergence-free shape functions are proposed for the finite elements, with which inhomogeneously-loaded and arbitrarily-shaped waveguides are analysed. The method is based on vectorial finite element formulation employing edge elements. The shape functions used for the approximation of the fields are shown analytically to be divergence-free and as an evidence, the non-physical solutions that appeared in the longitudinal component finite element formulation have been shown to be absent. To show the validity of the elements, application is made for the analysis of rectangular waveguides loaded with dielectric slab and a waveguide with curved structure. The solutions obtained are compared with the analytical ones or the solutions reported elsewhere. The degree of accuracy has been found satisfactory. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MahmoodZaheed kn-aut-sei=Mahmood kn-aut-mei=Zaheed aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KagawaYukio en-aut-sei=Kagawa en-aut-mei=Yukio kn-aut-name=‰ÁìK—Y kn-aut-sei=‰Áì kn-aut-mei=K—Y aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=177 end-page=182 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=20010327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Cooperative Handling Robot with Human Beings en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The focus of this paper is on the analysis of delivery motion of human, development of an image processing method based on the motion analysis and development of the cooperative delivery robot using the image processing method. The proposed image processing method uses two cameras, and it uses a stereo reconstruction technique for measuring position and postures of hands. In addition, this image processing method recognize the number of fingers extending consciously, so the cooperative human beings could choose the kind of tool which he wants by holding out his hand in front of cameras. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KankiKunihiko kn-aut-sei=Kanki kn-aut-mei=Kunihiko aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘åèhˆê kn-aut-sei=‘åè kn-aut-mei=hˆê aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KajiharaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Kajihara en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name=ŠŒ´N”Ž kn-aut-sei=ŠŒ´ kn-aut-mei=N”Ž aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MunesawaYoshiomi en-aut-sei=Munesawa en-aut-mei=Yoshiomi kn-aut-name=@àV—Çb kn-aut-sei=@àV kn-aut-mei=—Çb aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=OhtaKazuharu kn-aut-sei=Ohta kn-aut-mei=Kazuharu aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=183 end-page=189 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=20010327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Method for Design Production System with Multi Energy Resources en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This research proposes a strategy for reducing both electricity charge and environmental load by considering multi energy sources. The reduction of the contract electric demand is considered, and its differential cost is used for purchasing substitute power sources. Some variables, such as the amount of reduced contract demand, and amount of electricity are generated by each substitute power source. By using those variables, we formulate a simulation model that enables to minimize the energy cost and environmental cost. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TabuchiSatoshi kn-aut-sei=Tabuchi kn-aut-mei=Satoshi aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘åèhˆê kn-aut-sei=‘åè kn-aut-mei=hˆê aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KajiharaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Kajihara en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name=ŠŒ´N”Ž kn-aut-sei=ŠŒ´ kn-aut-mei=N”Ž aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MunesawaYoshiomi en-aut-sei=Munesawa en-aut-mei=Yoshiomi kn-aut-name=@àV—Çb kn-aut-sei=@àV kn-aut-mei=—Çb aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=30 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=47 end-page=62 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19951228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Regular Boundary Integral Formulation for the Analysis ofOpen Dielectric / Optical Waveguides en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Regular boundary element method is employed for the variational formulation of Helmholtz equation that governs the waveguiding problems. Like in the Charge simulation method, in this method, the source points associated with the fundamental solutions are allocated outside the domain so that the singular integrals which occur in the standard boundary element procedure can be avoided. First, the formulation is developed for the two-dimensional scalar Helmholtz problem solving for the axial components of either electric or magnetic fields. The application of the formulation is shown for simple hollow rectangular waveguide and dielectric-slab-loaded rectangular waveguide. Then the formulation is extended for the analysis of dielectric waveguides of open type incorporating axial components of both electric and magnetic fields, for the solution of the propagating modes which are generally of hybrid types. To show the validity and quality of the formulation, it is applied to a circular step-index optical waveguide and a dielectric rectangular waveguide. Very close agreements have been found when the solutions are compared with the ones obtained by different methods. One distinct merit of the extended formulation is that it has been fixed to suppress the spurious solutions which are encountered while solved by the conventional boundary element method. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KagawaYukio en-aut-sei=Kagawa en-aut-mei=Yukio kn-aut-name=‰ÁìK—Y kn-aut-sei=‰Áì kn-aut-mei=K—Y aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=SunYonghao kn-aut-sei=Sun kn-aut-mei=Yonghao aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MahmoodZaheed kn-aut-sei=Mahmood kn-aut-mei=Zaheed aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=191 end-page=196 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=20010327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Disassembly System using an Impact Hammer for the Material Recycling en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We developed the disassembly system that uses the impulsive load and disassembly tools to disassemble used appliances economically. The main components of this system are impulse hammer, a lift table and developed disassembly tools. Several types of disassembly tools are developed to punch out fastened portion on a part and cut off the shaft of screw or connection pin of IC-chip. A simulation model is proposed to explain and formulate how the fastening point of product is broken and cut. Three kinds of disassembly tools are designed. The actual disassembly system is developed by using proposed simulation models and disassembly tools. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=YoshidaTakanobu kn-aut-sei=Yoshida kn-aut-mei=Takanobu aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MunesawaYoshiomi en-aut-sei=Munesawa en-aut-mei=Yoshiomi kn-aut-name=@àV—Çb kn-aut-sei=@àV kn-aut-mei=—Çb aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘åèhˆê kn-aut-sei=‘åè kn-aut-mei=hˆê aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KajiharaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Kajihara en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name=ŠŒ´N”Ž kn-aut-sei=ŠŒ´ kn-aut-mei=N”Ž aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=OhtaKazuharu kn-aut-sei=Ohta kn-aut-mei=Kazuharu aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=30 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=63 end-page=73 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19951228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Finite Element Analysis of Open-type Dielectric / Optical Waveguides en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Optical fibers or integrated optical waveguides have arbitrary cross-sectional index or refraction distribution. An efficient finite element method for analyzing the propagation characteristics of dielectric / optical waveguides with open boundary is presented. The propagation modes are hybrid, for which a variational expression is formulated in terms of the longitudinal electric and magnetic field components. Infinite elements are introduced to consider open boundary or to extend the region to infinity. Several specific examples are given and the results are compared with those obtained by other approximate methods. Very close agreements have been found. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KoshimotoMarcos kn-aut-sei=Koshimoto kn-aut-mei=Marcos aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MahmoodZaheed kn-aut-sei=Mahmood kn-aut-mei=Zaheed aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KagawaYukio en-aut-sei=Kagawa en-aut-mei=Yukio kn-aut-name=‰ÁìK—Y kn-aut-sei=‰Áì kn-aut-mei=K—Y aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=197 end-page=205 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=20010327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Determining Minimal Polynomial of Proper Element by Using Higher Degree Traces en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Modern communication engineerings, such as elliptic curve cryptographies, often requires algebra on finite extension field defined by modulus arithmetic with an irreducible polynomial. This paper provides a new method to detemine the minimal (irreducible) polynomial of a given proper element in finite extension field. In the conventional determination method, as we have to solve the simultaneous equations, the computation is very involved. In this paper, the well known "trace" is extended to higher degree traces. Using the new traces, we yield the coefficient formula of the desired minimal polynomial. The new method becomes very simple without solving the simultaneous equations, and about twice faster than the conventional method in computation speed. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NogamiYasuyuki en-aut-sei=Nogami en-aut-mei=Yasuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorikawaYoshitaka en-aut-sei=Morikawa en-aut-mei=Yoshitaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Communication Network Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Communication Network Engineering en-keyword=finite field kn-keyword=finite field en-keyword=minimal polynomial kn-keyword=minimal polynomial en-keyword=irreducible polynomial kn-keyword=irreducible polynomial en-keyword=higher degree trace kn-keyword=higher degree trace en-keyword=trace kn-keyword=trace en-keyword=cryptography kn-keyword=cryptography END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=30 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=75 end-page=87 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19951228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Molecular Dynamics of Yukawa System (Dust Plasma) with Deformable Periodic Boundary Conditions: Formulation en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Molecular dynamics of the Yukawa system, the system of particles interacting via the Yukawa or the screened Coulomb potential, are formulated for various statistical ensembles and external conditions. The Yukawa potential smoothly interpolates the long-range Coulomb and the short-range interactions by adjusting a single parameter, the screening length. In order to reduce the effect of boundaries, the periodic boundary conditions are imposed and the deformations of the fundamental vectors of periodicity are taken into account. Ewald-type expressions for interaction energy, force, and kinematic pressure are given explicitly. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=InoueYoshihiko en-aut-sei=Inoue en-aut-mei=Yoshihiko kn-aut-name=ˆäã‰Ã•F kn-aut-sei=ˆäã kn-aut-mei=‰Ã•F aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KishimotoTokunari en-aut-sei=Kishimoto en-aut-mei=Tokunari kn-aut-name=ŠÝ–{“Ä–ç kn-aut-sei=ŠÝ–{ kn-aut-mei=“Ä–ç aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiChieko en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Chieko kn-aut-name=“Œ’ÒçŽ}Žq kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=çŽ}Žq aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaraShigetoshi en-aut-sei=Nara en-aut-mei=Shigetoshi kn-aut-name=“Þ—Çdr kn-aut-sei=“Þ—Ç kn-aut-mei=dr aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty ofIntegrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=207 end-page=212 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=20010327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Group Signature Scheme with Easy Membership Canceling en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In the group signature scheme with a trusted party, a verifier can determine whether or not a signature is made by a member of the group, but cannot identify the member who signed the signature. In case of dispute later on, the signer can be identified by the trusted party. However, for efficient group signature schemes proposed so far, removing a member from the group can be not efficiently performed. In this paper, a group signature scheme with an easy membership canceling is proposed. By sending a request to use a resource together with the group signature on it to the manager of the resource, the manager can control anonymous accesses to the resource. In such an application, the proposed group signature scheme is suitable for canceling of the access privilege. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NakanishiToru en-aut-sei=Nakanishi en-aut-mei=Toru kn-aut-name=’†¼“§ kn-aut-sei=’†¼ kn-aut-mei=“§ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=FujiwaraToru kn-aut-sei=Fujiwara kn-aut-mei=Toru aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Communication Network Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Informatics and Mathematical Science, Osaka University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=30 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=89 end-page=97 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19951228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Electronic Structure of Mixed Perovskite Oxides en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Based on the tight-binding method, electronic bands of the mixed perovskite oxides are calculated in order to develop the electronic theory of ferroelectric phase transitions in these mixtures which are difficult to describe within the phenomenological theories. Diagonal elements of Hamiltonian matrix of parent materials are assumed to differ by 0.1eV and mixtures are simulated by lattices of supercells containing 2(3) = 8 or 3(3) = 27 unit cells randomly assigned to either material. The width of the conduction and valence bands have maxima and the band gap has a minimum at intermediate mixing ratio. Results are in agreement with those of other analyses on random systems and even 2(3)-cell computation seems to serve as a first approximation for our purpose. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiChieko en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Chieko kn-aut-name=“Œ’ÒçŽ}Žq kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=çŽ}Žq aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=SanakaYoshiaki kn-aut-sei=Sanaka kn-aut-mei=Yoshiaki aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=30 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=99 end-page=110 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19951228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Experimental Collimation of Cerenkov SHG Blue Laser Beam with a Cylindric Mirror en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A cylindric mirror was used, in place of a parabolic mirror, to collimate the crescent blue laser beam radiated from the Cerenkov SHG in channel waveguide configuration. The cylindric mirror radius is requested to be twice the focal length of the parabolic mirror. The focusing effect of the cylindric mirror in collimation can be compensated by slightly lifting the mirror in its normal direction. Under the condition that the mirror was declined by 5.56‹ and lifted by 25 ƒÊm, we got the@collimated beam with divergence angle less than 1.3 mrad. In the focusing experiment, the collimated beam was focused with spotsize of 1.8 ƒÊm. The details on the analysis and experiment are reported. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WangMing en-aut-sei=Wang en-aut-mei=Ming kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadaOsami en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Osami kn-aut-name=˜a“cCŒÈ kn-aut-sei=˜a“c kn-aut-mei=CŒÈ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KogaRyuji en-aut-sei=Koga en-aut-mei=Ryuji kn-aut-name=ŒÃ‰ê—²Ž¡ kn-aut-sei=ŒÃ‰ê kn-aut-mei=—²Ž¡ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduated School of Natural Science and Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=10 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1992 dt-pub=19921125 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Direct Patterning of Ceramic Circuit Board with Q-Switched Nd:YAG Laser en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Direct patterning of copper coated ceramic circuit board is experimentally investigated with Q-switched Nd:YAG laser in order to shorten the time of the trial manufacture of electronic circuit board and to adapt the flexible design change. It is pointed out that the fast direct patterning the speed of which reaches about 100 mm/s is possible if the repetition frequency and the average power are selected properly. Furthermore cutting off and/or drilling of ceramic board are also possible under the condition that the repetition frequency is less than 3kHz. This technique makes it possible the mask1ess patterning of ceramic circuit board which has been widely used recently in place of conventional glass-epoxy or phenolic resin circuit board, and it leads to the shorter time limit of delivery as compared with the conventional end-milling method. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UnoYoshiyuki en-aut-sei=Uno en-aut-mei=Yoshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KubotaShin-ichiro en-aut-sei=Kubota en-aut-mei=Shin-ichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakajimaToshikatsu en-aut-sei=Nakajima en-aut-mei=Toshikatsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OgataKojiro en-aut-sei=Ogata en-aut-mei=Kojiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TadaNobuhiko en-aut-sei=Tada en-aut-mei=Nobuhiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=30 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=111 end-page=120 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19951228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Genetic Algorithm with Evolutionary Chain-Based Mutation and Its Applications en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Mutation is one of the important operators in genetic algorithm. In traditional genetic algorithm, mutation is activated stochastically. In this way it is unknown and cannot be controlled for which individuals to be mutated. Therefore, it is unavoidable that some good individuals are destroyed by mutation and then the evolutionary efficiency of the genetic algorithm is dampened. Owing to this kind of destructivity of mutation, the operator of mutation has to be limited within a very small probability, and the potentiality of mutation is consequently limited. In this paper, we present an evolutionary chain-based mutation and a control strategy of reasonable competition, in which the heuristic information provided by the evaluation function is well utilized. This method avoids the blindness of stochastic mutation. The performance improved in this method is shown by two examples, a fuzzy modeling for the identification of a nonlinear function and a typical combinatorial optimization problem-the traveling salesman problem. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=YeJu kn-aut-sei=Ye kn-aut-mei=Ju aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaMasahiro en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name=“c’†‰ë”Ž kn-aut-sei=“c’† kn-aut-mei=‰ë”Ž aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaninoTetsuzo en-aut-sei=Tanino en-aut-mei=Tetsuzo kn-aut-name=’J–ì“NŽO kn-aut-sei=’J–ì kn-aut-mei=“NŽO aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Information Technology affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Information Technology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=30 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=9 end-page=13 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1996 dt-pub=19960329 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effect of the Soft Surface Layer on Fatigue Strength of LowTemperature Aged Al-2mass % Cu Alloy en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Fatigue strength of Al-Cu alloy was examined by a repeated tensile mode when the specimens were aged and reversion annealed. The specimen quenched from 723K and aged fully around room temperature showed fatigue strength which depended on the existence of soft layer, while the specimen quenched from 723K and aged in the same way showed fatigue strength independent of the existence of the soft layer. Fatigue strength of the specimen, of which the soft surface layer was removed, was the same for either quenching temperature. Fatigue strength became higher when the soft surface layer was thickened with reversion annealing for 600s at 323K after aging. The soft surface layer was thought to increase fatigue strength of the aged Al-Cu alloy as well as Al-Zn alloy. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakakibaraAkira en-aut-sei=Sakakibara en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=匴¸ kn-aut-sei=匴 kn-aut-mei=¸ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanadaniTeruto en-aut-sei=Kanadani en-aut-mei=Teruto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University of Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=11 end-page=26 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1992 dt-pub=19921125 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Heat Transfer Characteristics of Two Phase ClosedThermosiphon for Geothermal Energy (1st Report: Measurement on Heat Transfer Coefficient) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=To prevent freezing of road and aquaduct by extracting geothermal heat with two phase closed thermosiphon has been widely used in a cold area. Both heat transfer characteristics in the underground soil and function of the thermosiphon to extract geothermal heat have to be made clear for the purpose of the above system. This study is directed for the purpose to prevent freezing of fire hydrant and composed of the fundamental experiment and the empirical experiment. In the fundamental study, heat transfer behavior is studied experimentally in the small size filling bath representing the underground soil layer. After recording temperature distribution, heat transfer coefficient is measured, they are proceeded into the correlation between the dimensionless number of Nusselt, Rayleigh and Fourier. The fundamental study is described as the first report. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HirashimaMasao kn-aut-sei=Hirashima kn-aut-mei=Masao aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=InabaHideo en-aut-sei=Inaba en-aut-mei=Hideo kn-aut-name=ˆî—t‰p’j kn-aut-sei=ˆî—t kn-aut-mei=‰p’j aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Mitsui. Metal Engineering &Service Co., Ltd. affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=30 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=121 end-page=131 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19951228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Stability and Sensitivity Analysis in Convex Vector Optimization en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this paper we provide some theoretical results on stability and sensitivity analysis in convex vector optimization. Given a family of parametrized vector optimization problems, the perturbation maps are defined as the set-valued map which associates to each parameter value the set of minimal points (properly minimal points, weakly minimal points) of the perturbed feasible set with respect to an ordering convex cone. Sufficient conditions for the upper and lower semicontinuity of the perturbations map are obtained. We also provide quantitative properties of the perturbation maps under some convexity assumptions. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KukHun kn-aut-sei=Kuk kn-aut-mei=Hun aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaninoTetsuzo en-aut-sei=Tanino en-aut-mei=Tetsuzo kn-aut-name=’J–ì“NŽO kn-aut-sei=’J–ì kn-aut-mei=“NŽO aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaMasahiro en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name=“c’†‰ë”Ž kn-aut-sei=“c’† kn-aut-mei=‰ë”Ž aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Information Technology affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Information Technology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=27 end-page=32 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1992 dt-pub=19921125 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Heat Transfer Characteristics of Two Phase Closed Thermosiphon for Geothermal Energy (2nd Report: Heat Transfer Behavior on Site) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Heating and refrigerating technique such as snow melting of road and cold storage by utilizing temperature difference between underground soil and atmosphere is widely used[1-4] in a cold area. In the 1st Report, heat transfer characteristics of two phase closed thermosiphon for extracting geothermal energy is studied fundamentally. In the empirical study, heat extract rate is measured in connection with the change of atmospheric temperature utilizing real two thermosiphons on the site. Temperature distribution on the surface of the thermosiphon and underground soil around it is also measured. Based on the data of the empirical experiment, it is confirmed that prevention of freezing for fire hydrant can be achieved by geothermal heat utilizing two phase closed thermosiphon. Present paper describes the heat transfer behavior of the thermosiphon as the 2nd report. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HirashimaMasao kn-aut-sei=Hirashima kn-aut-mei=Masao aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=InabaHideo en-aut-sei=Inaba en-aut-mei=Hideo kn-aut-name=ˆî—t‰p’j kn-aut-sei=ˆî—t kn-aut-mei=‰p’j aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Mitsui. Metal Engineering &Service Co., Ltd. affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=33 end-page=44 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1992 dt-pub=19921125 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Process Fault Diagnosis using Neural Networks and Fault Tree Analysis Information en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Neural nets have recently become the focus of much attention, largely because of their wide range of complex and nonlinear problems. This paper presents a new integrated approach using neural networks for diagnosing process failures. The fault propagation in process is modeled by causal relationships from the fault tree and its minimal cut sets. The measurement patterns required for training and testing the neural network were obtained from fault propagation model. The network is able to diagnose even in the presence of malfunction of certain sensors. We demonstrate via a nitric acid cooler process how the neural network can learn and successfully diagnose the faults. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShimadaYukiyasu en-aut-sei=Shimada en-aut-mei=Yukiyasu kn-aut-name=“‡“cs‹± kn-aut-sei=“‡“c kn-aut-mei=s‹± aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiKazuhiko en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Kazuhiko kn-aut-name=—é–ؘa•F kn-aut-sei=—é–Ø kn-aut-mei=˜a•F aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SayamaHayatoshi en-aut-sei=Sayama en-aut-mei=Hayatoshi kn-aut-name=²ŽR”¹•q kn-aut-sei=²ŽR kn-aut-mei=”¹•q aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=45 end-page=53 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1992 dt-pub=19921125 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Measurement of Methane Concentration in a Rice Paddy Field with a Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectrometry en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A prototype device based on the tunable diode laser absorption spectrometry was constructed and the atmospheric methane concentration near the terrain in a rice paddy field was measured. An open optical path of 50 m length was employed along with a PbSnTe diode laser. Diurnal change of methane density with 30 seconds temporal resolution was recorded associated with meteorological parameters. A feasibility was proven for a practical application for in situ study of atmospheric methane. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KagawaNaoki en-aut-sei=Kagawa en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name=ì’¼ŒÈ kn-aut-sei=ì kn-aut-mei=’¼ŒÈ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadaOsami en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Osami kn-aut-name=˜a“cCŒÈ kn-aut-sei=˜a“c kn-aut-mei=CŒÈ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaiXu en-aut-sei=Hai en-aut-mei=Xu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KogaRyuji en-aut-sei=Koga en-aut-mei=Ryuji kn-aut-name=ŒÃ‰ê—²Ž¡ kn-aut-sei=ŒÃ‰ê kn-aut-mei=—²Ž¡ aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SanoHiroya en-aut-sei=Sano en-aut-mei=Hiroya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=InubushiKazuyuki en-aut-sei=Inubushi en-aut-mei=Kazuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Measurement and Test Center, North-East Normal University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Engineering, Fukuyama University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Bioresource, Mie University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=30 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=15 end-page=20 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1996 dt-pub=19960329 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Estimation of Muscle Fatigue of Low Back upon the Muscle Stiffness en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=An estimation of muscle fatigue is very important study and many laboratory researchers had done actively in this field. The excellent measurement and analysis methods, however, have not established yet. The aim of this study was to investigate the muscle fatigue of low back, caused by sitting on the vehicle seat for a long time. The muscle viscoelasticity and the EMG (Electromyogram) were measured. The authors proposed the objective muscle fatigue index that was obtained from the result of PCA (Principal Component Analysis) by using the measured varlables. The objective muscle fatigue index suggests an adequate correlation with the subjective fatigue on the vehicle seat. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkaHisao en-aut-sei=Oka en-aut-mei=Hisao kn-aut-name=‰ª‹v—Y kn-aut-sei=‰ª kn-aut-mei=‹v—Y aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiwaraShiro en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Shiro kn-aut-name=“¡Œ´Žj˜N kn-aut-sei=“¡Œ´ kn-aut-mei=Žj˜N aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=55 end-page=64 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1992 dt-pub=19921125 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Intrinsic Bistability of Coupled Quantum Wires: Localization due to Many-Body Effects en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The ground state of a system of electrons accumulated in a pair of coupled symmetric quantum wires is analyzed on the basis of density functional theory. It is shown that, in a domain of physical parameters, electrons are localized in either of wires. The main contribution to the total energy of this system comes from the Hartree energy, or the electrostatic energy, and the exchange-correlation energy between electrons. The ground state is determined by a competition between these contributions: We have symmetric electron distributions when the Hartree energy dominates and asymmetric (localized) states are realized in the opposite case. This kind of simple system with bistable electronic states may be applied to semiconductor memory devices. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TachibanaHiroyuki kn-aut-sei=Tachibana kn-aut-mei=Hiroyuki aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HashimotoSeiji kn-aut-sei=Hashimoto kn-aut-mei=Seiji aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaraShigetoshi en-aut-sei=Nara en-aut-mei=Shigetoshi kn-aut-name=“Þ—Çdr kn-aut-sei=“Þ—Ç kn-aut-mei=dr aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=65 end-page=79 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1992 dt-pub=19921125 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Electronic States and Electron Wave Transfer in Coupled Quantum Wires and Its Control by Externally Applied Electric Field en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Quantum mechnical electron wave transfer between two quantum wires which are weakly coupled via a thin potential barrier is considered. The total electronic states are calculated with both analytical ( no field case ) and numerical methods ( under applied electric fields ). The transfer efficiency is evaluated for several specified cases of geometrical structures, potential barrier heights and the externally applied electric field. Estimated trasfer time is of the order of one picosecond in typical mesoscopic structures. The model in this paper can be used to determine important structure parameters for experiments on electron directional coupler controled by external elctric field. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NaraShigetoshi en-aut-sei=Nara en-aut-mei=Shigetoshi kn-aut-name=“Þ—Çdr kn-aut-sei=“Þ—Ç kn-aut-mei=dr aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HaraYuji kn-aut-sei=Hara kn-aut-mei=Yuji aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Sharp Corporation affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=81 end-page=92 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1992 dt-pub=19921125 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Impact of JR Seto Ohashi Line on Residential Land Value en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This paper aims to examine the impact of JR (Japan Railways) Seto Ohashi Line on residential land value. First, the study examines the trends in land value in the area along JR Seto Ohashi Line by applying the area comparison method. The method estimates the effect of JR Seto Ohashi Line on residential land value by comparing land values between the study area and the Okayama Metropolitan Area. Second, the property value method is applied to measure the effect of railroad construction. The effect is estimated with a residential land-value regression, which is calibrated using land value data along the Seto Ohashi Line. Finally, the results are compared with the empirical studies in the Greater Tokyo Region, and various features of the impact of railroad construction on land value are identified. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AbeHirofumi en-aut-sei=Abe en-aut-mei=Hirofumi kn-aut-name=ˆ¢•”GŽj kn-aut-sei=ˆ¢•” kn-aut-mei=GŽj aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=30 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=7 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1996 dt-pub=19960329 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Nature of Brittle Fracture in Aged Ti-Mo Alloy en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The mechanism of brittle fracture in Ti-14mass % Mo alloy aged for 1x10(6)s at 623K was studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic hardness test (DHT) on the structure deformed by means of tensile elongation at elevated temperature or cold rolling. Many band products were observed by TEM in either deformed specimens. These band products were identified to neither slips nor twinning bands, moreover, they were different from ƒ¿ , ƒ¿ ' and ƒ¿ " phases. The band product consisted of ƒÀ phase and granular unknown phase which was transformed by deformation from ƒÖ phase. The newly discovered phase, named ƒÀ" phase, in the band products had a body-centered triclinic structure. The ƒÀ" was similar to the ƒÖ zone with respect to the morphology and the concentration of Mo, but it resembled ƒÀ in structure. The result of DHT on the band products and the matrix showed that the band products were softer than the matrix. It is suggested that the band products are easily deformed because of the disappearance of obstacles such as ƒÖ phase, and consequently behave like paths to lead cracks preferentially. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakemotoYoshito en-aut-sei=Takemoto en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name=’|Œ³‰Ã—˜ kn-aut-sei=’|Œ³ kn-aut-mei=‰Ã—˜ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HidaMoritaka en-aut-sei=Hida en-aut-mei=Moritaka kn-aut-name=”ò“cŽçF kn-aut-sei=”ò“c kn-aut-mei=ŽçF aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakakibaraAkira en-aut-sei=Sakakibara en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=匴¸ kn-aut-sei=匴 kn-aut-mei=¸ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanichal Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanichal Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanichal Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=93 end-page=105 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1992 dt-pub=19921125 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Advection Dispersion by Eulerian Lagrangian Finite Element Method en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this paper the author will be describe phenomena of advection dispersion in subsurface flow by using Eulerian Lagrangian Finite Element Method. Where Finite Element Method with Galerkin formulation and weigthed residual method is used to solve seepage and advection dispersion equation. The problem of one dimensional and two dimensional rectangular wave are analyzed in this paper. And the result of numerical analyses will be compared with analytical solutions. The numerical results showed the very good agreement with the analytical solutions. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NishigakiMakoto en-aut-sei=Nishigaki en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name=¼Š_½ kn-aut-sei=¼Š_ kn-aut-mei=½ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=SudindaTeddy kn-aut-sei=Sudinda kn-aut-mei=Teddy aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HishiyaTomoyuki kn-aut-sei=Hishiya kn-aut-mei=Tomoyuki aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KohnoIchiro en-aut-sei=Kohno en-aut-mei=Ichiro kn-aut-name=‰Í–ìˆÉˆê˜Y kn-aut-sei=‰Í–ì kn-aut-mei=ˆÉˆê˜Y aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate Student in Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=D I A Consultant affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=9 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1993 dt-pub=19930325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=An Expert System for Determining Precedence Relation in Assembly en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Precedence relation in assembly has been determined by experience only. Now, an expert system is developed for determining such precedence relation. The conjugate states of the units of a product are shown in face frames and unit frames following the frame model. Seven rules are formulated. They consider geometrical interference of units, and make the precedence relation enable operation time to be shorter, and the number of JIG and substandards to be smaller. These rules are programized by computer language(PROLOG). en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KajiharaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Kajihara en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name=ŠŒ´N”Ž kn-aut-sei=ŠŒ´ kn-aut-mei=N”Ž aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘åèhˆê kn-aut-sei=‘åè kn-aut-mei=hˆê aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=11 end-page=17 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1993 dt-pub=19930325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Tooth Mobility Measurement of Dental Implants en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The use of dental implants has increased together with increases in the human life span and it has become an imperative subject for dentists to familiarize themselves with this treatment modality. Unfortunately, there has been no practical and quantitative method for in vivo evaluation of the stability of dental implants. In the tooth mobility examination, the tactile sense of natural teeth is different from that of dental implants. The authors have developed an automatic diagnosis system of tooth mobility for clinical use. The biomechanical mobility of peri-implantium is measured with a pseudo-random vibration, from which the viscoelasticity c1, c2, k of peri-implantium is obtained. The diagnosis system has been applied to the quantitative evaluation of the stability of implants : endodontics endosseous implants (titanium pin), endosseous implants (Bioceram). It has also been applied to the evaluation of the long-term prognoses of dental implantation (Bioceram) and the examination of Intramobile implant (IMZ), and the satisfactory results have been obtained. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkaHisao en-aut-sei=Oka en-aut-mei=Hisao kn-aut-name=‰ª‹v—Y kn-aut-sei=‰ª kn-aut-mei=‹v—Y aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoTatsuma en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Tatsuma kn-aut-name=ŽR–{’C”n kn-aut-sei=ŽR–{ kn-aut-mei=’C”n aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=SarataniKeiji kn-aut-sei=Saratani kn-aut-mei=Keiji aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TanakaMasahiro kn-aut-sei=Tanaka kn-aut-mei=Masahiro aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KawazoeTakayoshi kn-aut-sei=Kawazoe kn-aut-mei=Takayoshi aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=The Second Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Osaka Dental University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=The Second Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Osaka Dental University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=The Second Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Osaka Dental University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=30 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=21 end-page=25 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1996 dt-pub=19960329 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Analysis of Quantum Waveguide : Effective Width and Height of Potential for Quantum Wires under Split Gates en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In order to apply quantum waveguides to electronic devices, we calculate the electrostatic potential in the split-gate quantum wire and establish the relation between the electrostatic potential and the square well potential which is usually assumed in simulations of these waveguides. The height and width of the square well potential are expressed as simple functions of the gate voltage and their dependencies are clarified. The results may be useful in calculating the characteristics of electronic devices based on quantum waveguides as functions of controllable parameters such as gate voltage. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TachibanaHiroyuki kn-aut-sei=Tachibana kn-aut-mei=Hiroyuki aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electric and Electronic Engneering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electric and Electronic Engneering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=30 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=27 end-page=37 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1996 dt-pub=19960329 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Yukawa System in One-Dimensional External Field en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The behavior of the Yukawa system in external one-dimensional force fields is analyzed by the molecular dynamics simulation. The formation of layered structures at low temperatures is observed and the relation between the number of layers and characteristic parameters of the system is obtained. Since the Yukawa system serves as a model of clouds of dust particles in plasmas (dusty plasma) which play an important role in plasma processes of semiconductor engineering, the results may be useful to control the quality of semiconductor wafers in such processes. In simulations, periodic boundary conditions are imposed in two dimensions and deformations of periodic boundaries are allowed in order to reduce the effect of boundaries without giving too much constraint on the symmetry. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KishimotoTokunari en-aut-sei=Kishimoto en-aut-mei=Tokunari kn-aut-name=ŠÝ–{“Ä–ç kn-aut-sei=ŠÝ–{ kn-aut-mei=“Ä–ç aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiChieko en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Chieko kn-aut-name=“Œ’ÒçŽ}Žq kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=çŽ}Žq aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=19 end-page=40 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1993 dt-pub=19930325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Complex Dynamics and Search in A Cycle-Memory Neural Network en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Numerical simulations of a single layer recurrent neural network model in which the synaptic connection matrix is formed by summing cyclic products of succesive patterns show that complex dynamics can occur with the reduction of a connectivity parameter which is the number of connection between neurons. The structure in these dynamics is discussed from the viewpoint of realizing complex function using complex dynamics. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NaraShigetoshi en-aut-sei=Nara en-aut-mei=Shigetoshi kn-aut-name=“Þ—Çdr kn-aut-sei=“Þ—Ç kn-aut-mei=dr aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of ElectricaJ and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of ElectricaJ and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=41 end-page=58 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1993 dt-pub=19930325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Design of Hump Profile in Railroad Classification Yard en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The fundamental objective of this paper is to aggregate and establish a set of practical principles, guidelines, and procedures to clarify and improve classification yard design and to enhance the efficiency of the design process. The paper primarily addresses theoretical and technical aspects of hump yard height and grade design, placement of the switches and the retarders. It attempts to compile and document yard design procedures, based on the Theory of Energy Head and Energy Loss. This procedures are applicable to the design of new yards, rehabilitation of the existing yards of different types and sizes including manually operated as well as highly automated classification yards. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=ProkopJiri kn-aut-sei=Prokop kn-aut-mei=Jiri aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MyojinSho kn-aut-sei=Myojin kn-aut-mei=Sho aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=30 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=39 end-page=43 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1996 dt-pub=19960329 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Simple Model for Oxygen Conduction in Some Perovskite Compounds en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A simple model for oxygen ion conduction in perovskite compounds is proposed. The potential for an oxygen ion is calculated as the sum of the long range Coulomb potential and short range repulsive potential in a cubic lattice. The activation energy is estimated as the difference in the values of potential at the barrier and at the stable site. When appropriate conditions are satisfied, the activation energy has a minimum as a function of lattice constant in accordance with recent experiments. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiChieko en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Chieko kn-aut-name=“Œ’ÒçŽ}Žq kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=çŽ}Žq aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=59 end-page=71 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1993 dt-pub=19930325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Simulation of Hump Performance in Railroad Classification Yard en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The paper presents methods for simulation and examination of the performance of a classification yard, including both manual and computer-aided methods. Presented methods are applicable to the simulation and examination of full range of yards of different types and sizes including manually operated as well as highly automated classification yards. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=ProkopJiri kn-aut-sei=Prokop kn-aut-mei=Jiri aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MyojinSho kn-aut-sei=Myojin kn-aut-mei=Sho aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=7 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1991 dt-pub=19911130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effect of Surface and Grain Boundary on the Reversion of Age-Hardened Al-15mass % Zn Alloy en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Reversion of the age-hardened Al-15mass % Zn alloy, in which ellipsoidal GP zones were formed, was investigated by hardness test. Ellipsoidal zones were reverted more quickly near the surface and grain boundary than in the interior, as spherical zones did. The results confirm their role as sources for vacancies in reversion. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakakibaraAkira en-aut-sei=Sakakibara en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=匴¸ kn-aut-sei=匴 kn-aut-mei=¸ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanadaniTeruto en-aut-sei=Kanadani en-aut-mei=Teruto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University of Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=29 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=4 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19950327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Low Temperature Age-Hardening of Al-12mass % Zn-0.5mass % Cu Alloy en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Effect of addition of a small amount of copper to Al- 12mass % Zn binary alloy on the process of low temperature aging is studied by hardness test and transmission electron microscopy. Age hardening rate after quenching from various temperatures is slowed down by addition of 0.5mass % copper to the binary alloy. The hardness obtained after long aging, however, is increased a little by the addition of copper. The extent of soft surface layer formed by aging in the copper-added alloy is nearly equal to that obtained in the binary alloy. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakakibaraAkira en-aut-sei=Sakakibara en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=匴¸ kn-aut-sei=匴 kn-aut-mei=¸ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakagawaKeiyu en-aut-sei=Nakagawa en-aut-mei=Keiyu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanadaniTeruto en-aut-sei=Kanadani en-aut-mei=Teruto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University of Science affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University of Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=29 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=5 end-page=12 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19950327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Numerical Study on Transient Heat Characteristics of a Rectangular Latent Heat Storage Vessel en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Transient characteristics of the rectangular latent heat storage vessel packed with shape-stabilized phase change (solid-liquid) material (PCM) are investigated numerically by solving the governing equations of both the PCM and the heat transfer medium(water) simultaneously as a conjugate problem with the finite difference technique. It's found that the heat storage characteristics are greatly affected by the flow direction of the heat transfer medium since the natural and forced convection coexists in the heat storage vessel. That is, it is classified that the effectively thermal efficiency of the latent heat storage system is obtained by the downflow along vertical PCM for heat storage process and the upflow for heat release process. The effect of the inlet velocity of heat transfer medium(water) on transient heat characteristics of the latent heat storage system is also revealed in the present study. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=InabaHideo en-aut-sei=Inaba en-aut-mei=Hideo kn-aut-name=ˆî—t‰p’j kn-aut-sei=ˆî—t kn-aut-mei=‰p’j aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TuPing kn-aut-sei=Tu kn-aut-mei=Ping aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OzakiKoichi en-aut-sei=Ozaki en-aut-mei=Koichi kn-aut-name=”öèŒöˆê kn-aut-sei=”öè kn-aut-mei=Œöˆê aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechenical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechenical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=9 end-page=20 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1991 dt-pub=19911130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Effect of Electrode Polarity on Electrical Discharge Machining Performance in Water en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Practical utilization of ram type electrical discharge machining in uninflammable fluid has been expected in place of inflammable kerosine type fluid for unmanned operation in a workshop. The electrical discharge machining performance in deionized water is experimentally investigated on the basis of the analysis of the crater generated by a single pulse discharge. The experimental analysis makes it clear that the electrical discharge machining performance in deionized water is greatly affected by the electrode polarity. The metal removal rate in the normal polarity machining is higher than that in reverse polarity machining, while the electrode wear rate in the normal polarity machining is greater than that in reverse polarity machining. Therefore the electrode polarity should be properly selected according to the purpose of machining. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UnoYoshiyuki en-aut-sei=Uno en-aut-mei=Yoshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakajimaToshikatsu en-aut-sei=Nakajima en-aut-mei=Toshikatsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=OkadaMinoru kn-aut-sei=Okada kn-aut-mei=Minoru aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=29 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=13 end-page=21 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19950327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Method for Designing the Supplying Method of Parts to an Assembly Line en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We propose a method to design the supplying method of parts to an assembly line. Three types of supplying model (Serial, Parallel, and Mixed) are proposed based on the relation between the area of part and that of the transportation equipment. The part is supplied by the pallet on which the all parts of one product are arranged or by the lot of one part. AGV or conveyor are used to transport the pallet. The supplying model is evaluated from the total transportation cost calculated from the price of the transportation equipment and of land. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=DwiantoGatot kn-aut-sei=Dwianto kn-aut-mei=Gatot aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘åèhˆê kn-aut-sei=‘åè kn-aut-mei=hˆê aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KajiharaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Kajihara en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name=ŠŒ´N”Ž kn-aut-sei=ŠŒ´ kn-aut-mei=N”Ž aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Mechanical Engineering. Faculty of Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Mechanical Engineering. Faculty of Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=21 end-page=26 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1991 dt-pub=19911130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Facilitated Diffusion of Carbon-Dioxide in a Living Body Liquid Film en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A numerical study is performed for the facilitated diffusion of carbon-dioxide in an ultrapure water film flowing downward along a vertical surface. The model adopted for the present work includes the effects of the reaction rate for the hydration of CO(2)in a liquid. Comparison of the total concentration of CO(2) for different film thickness indicates that the effects of the hydration is more remarkable for the thinner liquid film. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NozuShigeru en-aut-sei=Nozu en-aut-mei=Shigeru kn-aut-name=–ì’ÃŽ  kn-aut-sei=–ì’à kn-aut-mei=Ž  aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=InabaHideo en-aut-sei=Inaba en-aut-mei=Hideo kn-aut-name=ˆî—t‰p’j kn-aut-sei=ˆî—t kn-aut-mei=‰p’j aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=29 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=23 end-page=27 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19950327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=An Expert System for Reducing the Variety of Parts in Multi-item Production en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A method for reducing the variety of parts is proposed. The variety of parts in a product and the variety of parts among products are evaluated in consideration of some factors that influence the production cost. Rules are formulated for selecting parts which should be eliminated or whose designs should be changed to reduce these varieties. An expert system is developed based on this method for reducing the variety of parts. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KajiharaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Kajihara en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name=ŠŒ´N”Ž kn-aut-sei=ŠŒ´ kn-aut-mei=N”Ž aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘åèhˆê kn-aut-sei=‘åè kn-aut-mei=hˆê aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=DongRui kn-aut-sei=Dong kn-aut-mei=Rui aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=27 end-page=41 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1991 dt-pub=19911130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Experimental and Theoretical Study on a Transient, Turbulent Free Hydrogen Gas Jet Issuing into Still Air en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Distributions of hydrogen gas concentration in a suddenly started, single shot hydrogen gas jet issuing from a 1 mm diameter injector into still air were measured using laser interferometry method. This unsteady, turbulent free jet flow has also been calculated using the two-equation, high Reynolds number version of k-ƒÃ turbulence model and hybrid scheme for treating combined diffusion and convection in the SIMPLE algorithm. The injection pressure was 0.5 MPa for which predicted and measured temporal jet tip penetration distributions indicate that the jet discharged into still air at Mach 0.25. The level of agreement between present prediction and measurement is good in some regions and poor in others. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TomitaEiji en-aut-sei=Tomita en-aut-mei=Eiji kn-aut-name=•y“c‰h“ñ kn-aut-sei=•y“c kn-aut-mei=‰h“ñ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=NsungeFelix Chintu kn-aut-sei=Nsunge kn-aut-mei=Felix Chintu aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HamamotoYoshisuke en-aut-sei=Hamamoto en-aut-mei=Yoshisuke kn-aut-name=•l–{‰Ã•ã kn-aut-sei=•l–{ kn-aut-mei=‰Ã•ã aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and TechnologyEngineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=29 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=29 end-page=37 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19950327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Estimation of Body Structure by Biomechanical Impedance en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In the stiffness evaluation from the skin surface, the body structure under the skin, like a bone and muscle, influences on the measurement results. The authors developed the measurement system of biomechanical impedance with applying a vibration of acoustic frequency onto the body surface. We measured the viscoelasticity of the silicone-gel model, which involves metal blocks, from the gel surface by using this system. The internal structure of model is estimated from the relation between the viscoelasticity and the distance from the gel surface to the internal block. Applying this method, the shape of ribs of the right chest are estimated. The shapes and viscoelasticity of silicone-gel tumor model, which has two different tumors, are also estimated. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkaHisao en-aut-sei=Oka en-aut-mei=Hisao kn-aut-name=‰ª‹v—Y kn-aut-sei=‰ª kn-aut-mei=‹v—Y aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukudaTakashi en-aut-sei=Fukuda en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name=•Ÿ“cŒh kn-aut-sei=•Ÿ“c kn-aut-mei=Œh aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=43 end-page=49 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1991 dt-pub=19911130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Application of the Adjoint Spectrum to the Frequency Tracking in Spectrometry with Tunable Diode Lasers Suffering from Temperature Drift en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A numerical technique called as "adjoint spectrum" has been proposed by the authors in a previous work. Two applications of it are presented here. It is demonstrated that by generalizing the aspect of adjoint spectrum it becomes possible to measure densities of mixed gases simultaneously. An experimental proof of this has been carried on and simultaneous measurement of densities of both methane and dinitrogen oxide was realized. On the other hand, it is also reported that frequency shifting of spectra, which is a cause of error in spectrometric measurements, can be corrected by exploiting the adjoint spectrum technique in connection with the Taylor expansion. Numerical examples showing the success of this method are reported as well. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=BouzidiMoncef en-aut-sei=Bouzidi en-aut-mei=Moncef kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KogaRyuji en-aut-sei=Koga en-aut-mei=Ryuji kn-aut-name=ŒÃ‰ê—²Ž¡ kn-aut-sei=ŒÃ‰ê kn-aut-mei=—²Ž¡ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadaOsami en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Osami kn-aut-name=˜a“cCŒÈ kn-aut-sei=˜a“c kn-aut-mei=CŒÈ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KagawaNaoki en-aut-sei=Kagawa en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name=ì’¼ŒÈ kn-aut-sei=ì kn-aut-mei=’¼ŒÈ aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HaiXu kn-aut-sei=Hai kn-aut-mei=Xu aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KosakaMegumi en-aut-sei=Kosaka en-aut-mei=Megumi kn-aut-name=¬âŒb kn-aut-sei=¬â kn-aut-mei=Œb aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=SanoHIroya kn-aut-sei=Sano kn-aut-mei=HIroya aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Measurement and Test Center, North-East Normal University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Engineering, Fukuyama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=29 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=39 end-page=47 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19950327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Correction of Apparent Viscoelasticity of Skin Surface en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The body structures under the skin surface, such as bones and tendon, have an influence on the stiffness evaluation observed from the surface. In this case, the observed stiffness should be called an apparent stiffness. To obtain the biomechanical properties of skin itself, the influence of body structure should be removed. This study deals with the correction method of apparent viscoelasticity which calculated from apparent biomechanical impedance. This method is applied to the measured result of the forearm and the right chest to confirm its effectiveness. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkaHisao en-aut-sei=Oka en-aut-mei=Hisao kn-aut-name=‰ª‹v—Y kn-aut-sei=‰ª kn-aut-mei=‹v—Y aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakamotoShun-ya en-aut-sei=Sakamoto en-aut-mei=Shun-ya kn-aut-name=â–{rÆ kn-aut-sei=â–{ kn-aut-mei=rÆ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=IrieTakashi kn-aut-sei=Irie kn-aut-mei=Takashi aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Education, University of Kochi END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=51 end-page=59 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1991 dt-pub=19911130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Molecular Dynamics ofa Coulomb System with Deformable Periodic Boundary Conditions en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Variable shape molecular dynamics is formulated for the one-component plasma and the structural transition from the fcc lattice to the bcc lattice has been observed. It is emphasized that the condition of constant volume should be imposed when deformations of periodic boundary conditions are taken into account. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=ShirokoshiHideki kn-aut-sei=Shirokoshi kn-aut-mei=Hideki aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaraShigetoshi en-aut-sei=Nara en-aut-mei=Shigetoshi kn-aut-name=“Þ—Çdr kn-aut-sei=“Þ—Ç kn-aut-mei=dr aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=29 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=49 end-page=55 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19950327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Evaluation of Eigenmodes of Dielectric Waveguides by a Numerical Method Based on the BPM en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=For weakly guiding dielectric waveguides, the eigenmode field distributions are calculated numerically with a simple algorithm. In this numerical method, the transverse sampling space can be chosen arbitrarily, and hence a narrow waveguide can be analyzed. The field satisfying scalar wave equation is expressed by the discrete Fourier transform and the mode eigenvalues and eigenfunctions are calculated by solving an eigenvalue equation numerically. The validity of this method is checked for 2-D waveguides having step and parabolic or square index distributions. It is found that for the well guided TE modes of the slab waveguide, the accuracy of this method is remarkably good, but some discrepancies are found if the mode is near cut off. In the problems where the normalized guide index b is small, caution should be taken in applying the results of this numerical method. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AhmedAnis en-aut-sei=Ahmed en-aut-mei=Anis kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaniguchiShinji en-aut-sei=Taniguchi en-aut-mei=Shinji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadaOsami en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Osami kn-aut-name=˜a“cCŒÈ kn-aut-sei=˜a“c kn-aut-mei=CŒÈ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=WangMing en-aut-sei=Wang en-aut-mei=Ming kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KogaRyuji en-aut-sei=Koga en-aut-mei=Ryuji kn-aut-name=ŒÃ‰ê—²Ž¡ kn-aut-sei=ŒÃ‰ê kn-aut-mei=—²Ž¡ aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Fujitsu Laboratories Ltd. affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=61 end-page=73 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1991 dt-pub=19911130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Model of Water Quality Management for the Hino River en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Lake Biwa is the largest lake in Japan, and one of the most important fresh water resources. The Hino River is the fourth largest river among the rivers which flow into Lake Biwa. The eutrophication of the lake has been warned since the 1960s. In order to improve the water quality of the lake, to decrease the loads through rivers is inevitable. Therefore, it is needed to predict the effects of measures to control pollutant loads and the influence of development in the basin on the loads from rivers before developing the basin and taking measures. This paper deals mainly with the model of water quality management for the Hino River and the effects of the development in the basin on the water quality. The model was formulated considering loads from forests, rice paddy fields, households, housing land, industrial factories. Using this model, a calculation system by a microcomputer was developed and the influence of urbanization of the basin was discussed. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KawaraOsami en-aut-sei=Kawara en-aut-mei=Osami kn-aut-name=‰ÍŒ´’·”ü kn-aut-sei=‰ÍŒ´ kn-aut-mei=’·”ü aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=DannoHideki kn-aut-sei=Danno kn-aut-mei=Hideki aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KunimatsuTakao kn-aut-sei=Kunimatsu kn-aut-mei=Takao aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Tohre Engineering, Ltd. affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Agriculture, Shiga Prefectural Junior College END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=75 end-page=94 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1991 dt-pub=19911130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Urban Expressway Pricing under Constraint en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Four radials-single ring urban expressway network is priced and, simultaneously, optimized in its spatial formation under the constraint that a balance must be kept of revenue and expenditure. The model consists of three sub-models: road system, car trip generation-attraction and traffic diversion. Network performance is assessed on two criteria; trip number criterion on which the aggregate number of car trips diverted onto expressway is maximized and travel hour criterion on which the travel hours of car trips integrated over the road system; surface and expressway, is minimized. Optimization is tried by numerical calculation for some sets of parameters in the model. The results are summarized as follows; (1) simultaneous optimization of price and spatial formation of the expressway network is possible on each of criteria, (2) trip number criterion produces lower pricing and smaller network while travel hour criterion does higher pricing and larger network, (3) optimum solution lies in a delicate relation of price and spatial network formation that comes from the balance constraint. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MyojinSho kn-aut-sei=Myojin kn-aut-mei=Sho aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=NoguchiHisahumi kn-aut-sei=Noguchi kn-aut-mei=Hisahumi aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=YamadaMasahito kn-aut-sei=Yamada kn-aut-mei=Masahito aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Daiwa Housing Co. affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=29 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=57 end-page=65 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19950327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=One-Dimensional Classical Plasmas in Ion Traps, Ion Storage Rings, and Semiconductor Quantum Wires en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=As plasmas with extremely reduced dimensionality, properties of one-dimensional classical plasmas are analyzed in the domain of strong coupling and static and dynamic structure factors and the plasmon dispersion relation are obtained. These plasmas may be realized in Penning traps with sufficiently strong confinement and also in semiconductor quantum wires under appropriate conditions. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=95 end-page=108 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1991 dt-pub=19911130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Systematic Method for Constructing the IDEA BANK Based on the EBL en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This paper describes a method to construct IDEA BANK automatically. IDEA BANK is the data base of the "function-structure module" which is utilized in systematic conceptual design from Value Engineering perspectives. The method based on the Machine Learning EBL technique was evaluated and implemented for the IDEA BANK using SUN workstation. The practical implementation of the IDEA BANK acquisition was discussed after elucidating the problem and solution of the EBL technique in engineering design. In the IDEA BANK system, the structural features of an existing article are analyzed by hierarchically organized domain specific knowledge to yield a systematic explanation of how they function and attain their design goals. The explanation resulted in a generalized version of the Functional Diagram used in Value Engineering from which "function-structure module" can be extracted systematically. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KawakamiHiroshi en-aut-sei=Kawakami en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=ìã_Ži kn-aut-sei=ìã kn-aut-mei=_Ži aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonishiTadataka en-aut-sei=Konishi en-aut-mei=Tadataka kn-aut-name=¬¼’‰F kn-aut-sei=¬¼ kn-aut-mei=’‰F aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Information Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Information Technology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=29 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=67 end-page=76 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19950327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Electronic Structure of C(60) Molecule -Structure of ƒÎ-electron Band- en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The ƒÎ-electron band of C(60) molecule has been obtained by the tight binding approximation. Application of molecular orbital wave functions derived on the basis of the optimized bond orbital model gives, with simpler calculations, the results in satisfactory agreement with those of previous theoretical analyses. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiChieko en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Chieko kn-aut-name=“Œ’ÒçŽ}Žq kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=çŽ}Žq aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MatsubaraTakeo kn-aut-sei=Matsubara kn-aut-mei=Takeo aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=ObuchiMasumi kn-aut-sei=Obuchi kn-aut-mei=Masumi aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University of Science affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University of Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=16 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1992 dt-pub=19920328 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Radiative Characteristics of Frost Layer in Frosting and Defrosting Processes en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Radiative characteristics of the frost layer melted by radiative heat are experimentally examined. A frost layer is heated from above by the radiative heat from a halogen lamp set. Thermal radiation of the lamp has the wavelength spectrum characteristics similar to those of the solar radiation. The effect of the environmental temperature upon the frost melting process is clarified in experiments. The optical characteristics of reflectivity, absorptivity and transmissivity of the frost layer during the melting of the frost layer are measured using special measuring instruments. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=InabaHideo en-aut-sei=Inaba en-aut-mei=Hideo kn-aut-name=ˆî—t‰p’j kn-aut-sei=ˆî—t kn-aut-mei=‰p’j aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtakeHideo en-aut-sei=Otake en-aut-mei=Hideo kn-aut-name=‘å’|G—Y kn-aut-sei=‘å’| kn-aut-mei=G—Y aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NozuShigeru en-aut-sei=Nozu en-aut-mei=Shigeru kn-aut-name=–ì’ÃŽ  kn-aut-sei=–ì’à kn-aut-mei=Ž  aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=29 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=77 end-page=81 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19950327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Ultrasonic Implantation of Bioactive Glass Particles into Poly(methyl methacrylate) Substrates en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Poly(methyl methacrylate) substrates were immersed in suspensions containing bioactive 50CaO¥50SiO(2) (mol%) glass particles (45 ƒÊm in diameter) and a 6:4 (volume fraction) mixture of ethanol and THF, and an ultrasonic energy was applied to the system. A layer of glass particles was implanted and covered more than 50% of the substrate surface. Thin film X-ray diffraction patterns and FT-IR reflection spectra indicated deposition of apatite on the glass-implanted substrates after they were soaked for 12 h in a simulated body fluid similar in apatite-deposition ability to the human blood plasma. Flake-like apatite crystallites formed on the substrate soaked in SBF for 3 days. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TsuruKanji en-aut-sei=Tsuru en-aut-mei=Kanji kn-aut-name=“s—¯Š°Ž¡ kn-aut-sei=“s—¯ kn-aut-mei=Š°Ž¡ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=NishiyamaChikako kn-aut-sei=Nishiyama kn-aut-mei=Chikako aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhtsukiChikara en-aut-sei=Ohtsuki en-aut-mei=Chikara kn-aut-name=‘å’ÎŽåÅ kn-aut-sei=‘å’Î kn-aut-mei=ŽåÅ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakaAkiyoshi en-aut-sei=Osaka en-aut-mei=Akiyoshi kn-aut-name=”öâ–¾‹` kn-aut-sei=”öâ kn-aut-mei=–¾‹` aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioengineering Science affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioengineering Science affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioengineering Science affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioengineering Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=17 end-page=24 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1992 dt-pub=19920328 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Freezing of Quiescent Water in a Horizontal Cylinder en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Heat transfer measurements were conducted during freezing of quiescent water in a horizontal cylinder. A horizontal cylinder with inner diameter of 61.1 mm is cooled by air in a constant low temperature room and time variations of the radial distribution of fluid temperature were observed. Experimental results for the velocity of the phase change interface, the time taken for complete freezing and apparent freezing heat transfer coefficient were compared with the simple theoretical model based on the quasisteady assumption. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=FengYibu kn-aut-sei=Feng kn-aut-mei=Yibu aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=InabaHideo en-aut-sei=Inaba en-aut-mei=Hideo kn-aut-name=ˆî—t‰p’j kn-aut-sei=ˆî—t kn-aut-mei=‰p’j aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NozuShigeru en-aut-sei=Nozu en-aut-mei=Shigeru kn-aut-name=–ì’ÃŽ  kn-aut-sei=–ì’à kn-aut-mei=Ž  aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Food Engineering, Heilongjiang Commercial College affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=29 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=83 end-page=88 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19950327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effect of Alcohol on Bioactivity of Glasses en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=One of the CaO,SiO(2)-based bioactive glasses(5OCaO¥ 5OSiO (2) in mol%) were soaked for various periods in a simulated body fluid(SBF) with or without containing alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, and 1-propanol. Effect of the alcohols was investigated on the apatite formation on the glass surface with thin-film X-ray diffraction, FT-IR reflection spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Under the presence of alcohols up to 0.1mol/l in the SBF an apatite layer was formed on the glass, while it consisted of crystallites similar in morphology but larger in size than that found for the SBF without the alcohols. It was concluded that the alcohols little influenced the the apatite forming ability of the CaO,SiO(2)-based glasses. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TsuruKanji en-aut-sei=Tsuru en-aut-mei=Kanji kn-aut-name=“s—¯Š°Ž¡ kn-aut-sei=“s—¯ kn-aut-mei=Š°Ž¡ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=NishiyamaChikako kn-aut-sei=Nishiyama kn-aut-mei=Chikako aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhtsukiChikara en-aut-sei=Ohtsuki en-aut-mei=Chikara kn-aut-name=‘å’ÎŽåÅ kn-aut-sei=‘å’Î kn-aut-mei=ŽåÅ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakaAkiyoshi en-aut-sei=Osaka en-aut-mei=Akiyoshi kn-aut-name=”öâ–¾‹` kn-aut-sei=”öâ kn-aut-mei=–¾‹` aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioengineering Science affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioengineering Science affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioengineering Science affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioengineering Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=25 end-page=41 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1992 dt-pub=19920328 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The study on the Evaluation of Eye Movement Using Computer Program en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The eye movement has been studied widely, because it gives various information about the characteristics of visual work. Almost all of those studies have concentrated on the distribution of the visual points, the direction and width of the saccadic movement and the fixation time of the measures. However there are few measures to evaluate the relationship between the visual objects and eye movement. Recently, the personal computer become portable and this makes it possible to analyze the many data and to show the results graphically on the experimental field. In this study, we propose a series of methods to evaluate how a subject looks at a visual field using the queue theory, and how often man looks at the central part of the visual field using the statistical two-dimensional ellipse. We developed the Pascal program on an personal computer(NEC PC9800). This program has 3 functions. One is the measurement of eye movement, the second is the calculation of the proposed measures and the third is the display of the results of these calculations. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsudaMasaaki en-aut-sei=Matsuda en-aut-mei=Masaaki kn-aut-name=¼“c³–¾ kn-aut-sei=¼“c kn-aut-mei=³–¾ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘åèhˆê kn-aut-sei=‘åè kn-aut-mei=hˆê aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=29 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=89 end-page=94 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19950327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Backward Scheduling to Minimize the Actual Mean Flow Time with Dependent and Independent Setup Times en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The present paper deals with a new perfomance measure, the actual mean flow time, defined as a mean of the elapsed time of each job counted from the start time on a schedule to the corresponding due date. For the one machine backward scheduling model with a common due date and independent setup times, LPT schedule is shown as the optimal solution for the proposed measure. An optimal algorithm is presented for the case with dependent setup times on the basis of the algorithm by Arcelus and Chandra for a n / 1 / F forward scheduling problem. The proposed algorithm is coded in C-language and a computational experience is reported through a 16-bit computer. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SekoguchiKenji en-aut-sei=Sekoguchi en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyazakiShigeji en-aut-sei=Miyazaki en-aut-mei=Shigeji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Sience and Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Engineering Mathematics END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=28 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=25 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1993 dt-pub=19931130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Simple Method to Evaluate Structural Stability of Group IV and III-V Semiconductors en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The structural stabilities of bulk Si, Ge, and GaAs are discussed based on the total energy evaluated by the summation of the band structure energy and the short-range repulsive potential between ions. The band structure energy is calculated by means of the simple tight-binding method. The tight-binding parameters are determined so as to fit to the results of a pseude potential calculation and Harrison's model is employed to include the influence of lattice deformation. The short-range-force is assumed to be of the exponential form and parameters are determined so as to reproduce an experimental value of bulk modulus. This treatment qualitatively well describes structural properties in spite of the simple computational procedure and roughly gives the known variation of the total energy for a <100> uniaxial strain. This method is able to be applied to an investigation of the structural stabilities of superlattices, for example, a strained layer superlattice consisting of hetero-semiconductors. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NaraShigetoshi en-aut-sei=Nara en-aut-mei=Shigetoshi kn-aut-name=“Þ—Çdr kn-aut-sei=“Þ—Ç kn-aut-mei=dr aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MihoShigeru kn-aut-sei=Miho kn-aut-mei=Shigeru aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=28 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=27 end-page=38 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1993 dt-pub=19931130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Ground State of Coupled Quantum Wires en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The ground states of interacting electrons in coupled quantum wires are analyzed on the basis of the density functional theory. The exchange-correlation potential is calculated from 'exact' results given by the Green's function Monte Carlo method in two and three dimensions. It is shown that the critical density signifying the change from symmetrical to asymmetrical ground state is weakly dependent on the details of the exchange-correlation potential. These critical values are compared with the result of the three-dimensional analysis for a single wire. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TachibanaHiroyuki kn-aut-sei=Tachibana kn-aut-mei=Hiroyuki aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=FujimuraHidenori kn-aut-sei=Fujimura kn-aut-mei=Hidenori aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaraShigetoshi en-aut-sei=Nara en-aut-mei=Shigetoshi kn-aut-name=“Þ—Çdr kn-aut-sei=“Þ—Ç kn-aut-mei=dr aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=28 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=39 end-page=50 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1993 dt-pub=19931130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Simple Model for Hydrogen-Bonding Ferroelectrics en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=There are some substances in which their hydrogen bonds are considered to play quite important roles in their ferroelectric or antiferroelectric phase transition. These ferroelectrics usually have large isotope effects in phase transition temperatures and we expect the physics of hydrogen bonds is closely related to the effects. We propose a simple model describing the isolated hydrogen bond. Based on quantum-mechanical analyses of this model, we study the difference between the behavior of a proton and a deuteron in hydrogen bonds. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiChieko en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Chieko kn-aut-name=“Œ’ÒçŽ}Žq kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=çŽ}Žq aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MatsubaraTakeo kn-aut-sei=Matsubara kn-aut-mei=Takeo aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Institute for Condensed Matter Theory END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=69 end-page=75 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1992 dt-pub=19920328 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Preparation and Characterization of Ti(2)O(3) Films Deposited on Sapphire Substrate by Activated Reactive Evaporation Method en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=(001)-oriented Ti(2)O(3) films were epitaxially grown on a(001)-face of sapphire single-crystalline substrate by an activated reactive evaporation method. The formation ranges of stoichiometric and nonstoichiometric Ti(2)O(3) films were determined as a function of the substrate temperature (Ts), the oxygen pressure (Po(2)) and the deposition rate. Stoichiometric Ti(2)O(3) films were grown at Ts†673K under Po(2)†1.0~10(-4)Torr, which showed the metal-insulator transition with a sharp change in electrical resistivity from 3.5~10(-2) to 2.6~10(-3)ƒ¶cm at 361K. Nonstoichiometric films prepared under less oxidized conditions did not exhibit the transition. The nonstoichiometry of the Ti(2)O(3)films was discussed in terms of excess Ti ions. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FujiiTatsuo en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Tatsuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=SakataNaoki kn-aut-sei=Sakata kn-aut-mei=Naoki aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NanbaTokuro en-aut-sei=Nanba en-aut-mei=Tokuro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakaAkiyoshi en-aut-sei=Osaka en-aut-mei=Akiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiuraYoshinari en-aut-sei=Miura en-aut-mei=Yoshinari kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakadaJun en-aut-sei=Takada en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=28 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=51 end-page=59 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1993 dt-pub=19931130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Determination of Clay Minerals by the Ignition Loss MethodUsing a Muffle Furnace en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A technique for determining the layer structure and content of clay minerals was developed based on the relationship between temperature, and moisture characteristics of clay minerals. Moisture content in standard specimens, prepared by mixing montmorillonite, kaolinite and quartz in various proportions, was determined by measuring weight loss after heating. Based on the results from differential thermal analysis tests, the ignition loss method was found to be widely applicable to clays with montmorillonite and kaolinite as the main components. Dehydration of constituent water occurred at 530Ž and 800Ž in two- and three-layered clay minerals, respectively. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KohnoIichiro en-aut-sei=Kohno en-aut-mei=Iichiro kn-aut-name=‰Í–ìˆÉˆê˜Y kn-aut-sei=‰Í–ì kn-aut-mei=ˆÉˆê˜Y aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TanabeKazuyasu kn-aut-sei=Tanabe kn-aut-mei=Kazuyasu aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TomitaTakemitsu kn-aut-sei=Tomita kn-aut-mei=Takemitsu aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering, Fukuyama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering, Fukuyama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=28 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=61 end-page=69 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1993 dt-pub=19931130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Evaluation of closed-form analytical models for predicting unsaturated soil hydraulic properties en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Knowledge of the unsaturated soil hydraulic properties is essential requirement for prediction of seepage flow and contaminant transport through the vadose zone. Unfortunately, these parameters are usually time consuming and expensive to measure in the field and laboratory. At the present condition, there are few data accumulation for Japanese soils. In this paper, van Genuchten's closed-form expressions are described to estimate unsaturated soil hydraulic properties. To evaluate the adequacy of these expressions, comparisons are performed between observed and calculated unsaturated hydraulic properties for typical Japanese soils. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakeshitaYuji en-aut-sei=Takeshita en-aut-mei=Yuji kn-aut-name=’|‰º—S“ñ kn-aut-sei=’|‰º kn-aut-mei=—S“ñ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KohnoIichiro en-aut-sei=Kohno en-aut-mei=Iichiro kn-aut-name=‰Í–ìˆÉˆê˜Y kn-aut-sei=‰Í–ì kn-aut-mei=ˆÉˆê˜Y aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=77 end-page=92 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1992 dt-pub=19920328 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Beam Focusing Antenna for the TE(0)n Mode High-Power Millimeter Wave en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This paper describes a method to design an antenna to focus millimeter-wave beam generated by a gyrotron. The antenna, which has been proposed by the authors, consists of a stair-cut circular waveguide and two cylindrical reflectors; one is elliptic and the other is parabolic. Its principle is based on the geometrical optics though slightly modified to consider the diffraction effect. Results of low-power experiments agree well with the design on beam direction, beam width and the position of the focal point. At 35.5 GHz using TE(01) mode, a focused beam with half-power thickness of 13 mm x 10 mm was obtained. This type of antennas find applications to millimeter-wave scattering measurement in fusion plasma research and high- energy-density source for material heating. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WadaOsami en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Osami kn-aut-name=˜a“cCŒÈ kn-aut-sei=˜a“c kn-aut-mei=CŒÈ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=NakajimaMasamitsu kn-aut-sei=Nakajima kn-aut-mei=Masamitsu aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electronics, Kyoto University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=28 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=71 end-page=85 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1993 dt-pub=19931130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Numerical Analysis of Salt Intrusion into Aquifer by Eulerian Lagrangian Finite Element Method en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this paper, method of Eulerian Lagrangian numerical analysis is used to described Advection-Dispersion phenomena. The influence of concentration to the density of fluid is considered. A laboratory model of a two dimensional confined aquifer containing an isotropic, homogeneous porous medium (Hosokawa et.al 1989) was used to validate the applicability of Advection-Dispersion of numerical analysis with steady and unsteady state condition [1]. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NishigakiMakoto en-aut-sei=Nishigaki en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name=¼Š_½ kn-aut-sei=¼Š_ kn-aut-mei=½ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=SudindaTeddy kn-aut-sei=Sudinda kn-aut-mei=Teddy aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HishiyaTomoyuki kn-aut-sei=Hishiya kn-aut-mei=Tomoyuki aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KohnoIichiro en-aut-sei=Kohno en-aut-mei=Iichiro kn-aut-name=‰Í–ìˆÉˆê˜Y kn-aut-sei=‰Í–ì kn-aut-mei=ˆÉˆê˜Y aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate Student in Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=D I A Consultant affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=93 end-page=109 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1992 dt-pub=19920328 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Transport Simulasion in a Burning Tokamak Plasma en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A one-dimensional tokamak transport code (TASK/TR) has been developed to analyze the evolution of a burning plasma accompanied with fusion reaction. This code deals with the electrons, deuterons, tritons, thermalized ƒ¿ particles, fast ƒ¿ particles and beam ions, separately, in order to describe the dependence of the reaction rate on the ion mixture ratio. As an energy transport model, the drift wave turbulence mode is employed. The heating and current drive by the neutral beam injection as well as the pellet injection for fuelling are also included. This code is applied to a reactor-grade plasma aimed at in the ITER project. The cases of an ignited plasma and a current-driven plasma are examined. The required power for full current drive is estimated. The effect of pellet injection, both fuel and impurity ions, is also studied. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FukuyamaAtsushi en-aut-sei=Fukuyama en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name=•ŸŽR~ kn-aut-sei=•ŸŽR kn-aut-mei=~ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KasaiTakashi kn-aut-sei=Kasai kn-aut-mei=Takashi aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FurutaniYoichiro en-aut-sei=Furutani en-aut-mei=Yoichiro kn-aut-name=ŒÃ’J—mˆê˜Y kn-aut-sei=ŒÃ’J kn-aut-mei=—mˆê˜Y aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=28 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=87 end-page=128 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1993 dt-pub=19931130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Drain System Around the Underground Cavern en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In recent years, construction or planning of large-scale underground structures, such as underground power plants, underground oil storage plants and nuclear power plants have been coming into consideration in Japan. To construct such as large-scale underground structures, one of the most important problems is to make clear beforehand the behavior of groundwater around these structures and the other is to carry out proper countermeasure of groundwater, so that these structures can be constructed safely and maintained stability over a long time period. This report describes the results of theoretical studies on the drain systems and at the same time, discusses the drain systems around the underground cavern for the practical underground power stations. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MotojimaIsao kn-aut-sei=Motojima kn-aut-mei=Isao aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonoIichiro en-aut-sei=Kono en-aut-mei=Iichiro kn-aut-name=‰Í–ìˆÉˆê˜Y kn-aut-sei=‰Í–ì kn-aut-mei=ˆÉˆê˜Y aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishigakiMakoto en-aut-sei=Nishigaki en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name=¼Š_½ kn-aut-sei=¼Š_ kn-aut-mei=½ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineerig affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineerig END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=111 end-page=128 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1992 dt-pub=19920328 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Memory Search using Genetic Algorithms and a Neural Network Model en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=An information processing task which generates combinatorial explosion and program complexity when it is treated by a serial algorithm is investigated using both Genetic Algorithms (GA) and a neural network model (NN). The task in question is to find a target memory from a set of stored entries in the form of "attractors" in a high dimensional state space. The representation of entries in the memory is distributed ("an auto associative neural network" in this paper), and the problem is to find an attractor under a given access information where the uniqueness or even existence of a solution is not always guaranteed ( an ill-posed problem ). The GA is used as an algorithm for generating a search orbit to search effectively for a state which satisfies the access condition and belongs to the target attractor basin in state space. The NN is used to retrieve the corresponding entry from the network. The results of our computer simulation indicate that the present method is superior to a search method which uses random walk in state space. Our technique may prove useful in the realization of flexible and adaptive information processing, since pattern search in high dimensional state spaces is common in various kinds of parallel information processing. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NaraShigetoshi en-aut-sei=Nara en-aut-mei=Shigetoshi kn-aut-name=“Þ—Çdr kn-aut-sei=“Þ—Ç kn-aut-mei=dr aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=BanzhafWolfgag kn-aut-sei=Banzhaf kn-aut-mei=Wolfgag aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Central Research Laboratory, Mitsubishi Electric Corporation END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=129 end-page=138 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1992 dt-pub=19920328 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Spectrum of Schottky Noise in Ion Storage Rings en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The spectrum of Schottky noise in ion storage rings is analyzed as density fluctuations in effectively one-dimensional plasmas. Strong coupling effects in these plasmas are discussed in relation to experimental observations. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=139 end-page=150 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1992 dt-pub=19920328 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Scattering by a Penny-Shaped Crack Subject to Oblique Incident Waves en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Scattering problems by a penny-shaped crack are solved using a time-domain boundary integral equation method, The crack is located in an infinite homogeneous, isotropic, linearly elastic solid, and is subjected to an oblique incident wave of either P-, SV-, or SH-wave, The hypersingular integral equation is solved to obtain near-field solutions as well as scattered far-fields. The accuracy of the present method is confirmed by comparing the near-field solutions for different arrangement of elements, Scattered far-fields are calculated for various incident waves, and their usefulness in quantitative non-destructive evaluation is discussed. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HiroseSohichi en-aut-sei=Hirose en-aut-mei=Sohichi kn-aut-name=œA£‘sˆê kn-aut-sei=œA£ kn-aut-mei=‘sˆê aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=22 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1 end-page=14 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1988 dt-pub=19880331 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Measurement of Biomechanical Impedance - Its device and measuring conditions en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Biomechanical impedance is relatively small compared to industrial mechanical impedance. Thus it is difficult to measure it precisely. A biomechanical impedance measuring system was developed for portable use by means of random excitation. This system doesn't require a fixed body and vibrator supporting apparatus. In order to obtain an impedance spectrum, the FFT processing is performed using a personal computer. The spectra of the biomechanical impedance which is measured on body surfaces depend on body positions and can be roughly classified into three spectra patterns : soft, stiff and intermediate. During the measurement, the measuring conditions (preload, diameter of the vibrating tip etc.) influence the results. However, it became clear that the linearity of the biomechanical impedance was satisfied in the limited measuring conditions. Accordingly it is possible to standardize the impedance and to compare it with the results under different measuring conditions. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkaHisao en-aut-sei=Oka en-aut-mei=Hisao kn-aut-name=‰ª‹v—Y kn-aut-sei=‰ª kn-aut-mei=‹v—Y aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoTatsuma en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Tatsuma kn-aut-name=ŽR–{’C”n kn-aut-sei=ŽR–{ kn-aut-mei=’C”n aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=28 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=129 end-page=138 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1993 dt-pub=19931130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Numerical Simulation of Rock Toughness Testing en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The testing method of rock toughness is proposed by the international society of rock mechanics (ISRM), but the results may be influenced by the test pieces, and the details of the crack propagation and the stress intensity factors are not clarified through the testing. Also the experimental test requires tedious works for the preparation of test specimen and economical responsibility. The present study aims to simulate numerically the rock toughness testing which is proposed by ISRM. For this purpose, the authors propose a numerical method which can simulate the experimental testing, and they show the propriety of the proposed method by comparing the results with the experimental and other numerical methods. At the same time, they clarify the details of crack propagation behaviors in rocks, and show the change of the stress intensity factors. The proposed method is based on the displacement-type finite element method, and several techniques are introduced to obtain accurate solution of the mechanical behavior near the crack-tip area. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TaniguchiTakeo en-aut-sei=Taniguchi en-aut-mei=Takeo kn-aut-name=’JŒûŒ’’j kn-aut-sei=’JŒû kn-aut-mei=Œ’’j aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiroseSohichi en-aut-sei=Hirose en-aut-mei=Sohichi kn-aut-name=œA£‘sˆê kn-aut-sei=œA£ kn-aut-mei=‘sˆê aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=OuchterlonyFinn kn-aut-sei=Ouchterlony kn-aut-mei=Finn aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=NakagawaKohji kn-aut-sei=Nakagawa kn-aut-mei=Kohji aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MiyajiAkihiko kn-aut-sei=Miyaji kn-aut-mei=Akihiko aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=FukuokaYasufumi kn-aut-sei=Fukuoka kn-aut-mei=Yasufumi aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Engineering Science, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Engineering Science, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Swedish Blasting Laboratory, Sweden affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering, Yamaguchi University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Japan Development and Construction Company Ltd. affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Kawasaki Heavy Industry Company Ltd. END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=28 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=7 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1994 dt-pub=19940315 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Internal Structure and Phase Transformation of Ti-Mo Alloy Fine Particles en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Fine particles of Ti-Mo alloy have been prepared by means of arc method, and investigated on internal structure and phase transformation using HR-TEM and EDS. Martensite phase was observed in a particle containing comparatively low concentration of Mo, and ƒÖ phase was also found to exist in a nearly 14 % M0 particle. The structure of the ƒÖ phase in the fine particle is expanded and remarkably unstable in comparison with the bulk sample, so that it has disappeared in a few seconds during TEM observation. Moreover, the ƒÀ structure of Ti-Mo particles has changed to the unusual fcc phase with irradiation of a strong electron beam. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakemotoYoshito en-aut-sei=Takemoto en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name=’|Œ³‰Ã—˜ kn-aut-sei=’|Œ³ kn-aut-mei=‰Ã—˜ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakakibaraAkira en-aut-sei=Sakakibara en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=匴¸ kn-aut-sei=匴 kn-aut-mei=¸ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HidaMoritaka en-aut-sei=Hida en-aut-mei=Moritaka kn-aut-name=”ò“cŽçF kn-aut-sei=”ò“c kn-aut-mei=ŽçF aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=22 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=15 end-page=34 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1988 dt-pub=19880331 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=One-Electron State of a Partially Ionized High-Z Ion en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=An effective potential of an isolated partially ionized high-Z ion, calculated within the framework of the statistical models of atoms, is injected into the one-electron Schr?dinger equation, in view of evaluating the electron density and comparing it with the results of statistical models. Starting from this initial value, a self-consistent electron density is obtained on the basis of the density functional theory, where quantum natures of electrons are fully taken into account. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FurutaniYoichiro en-aut-sei=Furutani en-aut-mei=Yoichiro kn-aut-name=ŒÃ’J—mˆê˜Y kn-aut-sei=ŒÃ’J kn-aut-mei=—mˆê˜Y aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KomakiKunitaka kn-aut-sei=Komaki kn-aut-mei=Kunitaka aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TanabeMasahiro kn-aut-sei=Tanabe kn-aut-mei=Masahiro aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=22 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=35 end-page=44 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1988 dt-pub=19880331 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Thermodynamic Sum Rules for Mixtures of Charged Particles en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Several methods to derive thermodynamic sum rules for a system including charged particle are proposed and applied to charged mixtures as well as one-component systems. The validity of the statements is examined carefully with respect to the ordering in the powers of the wave number. As for the mixture of electrons and ions, it is shown how the aspect of the one-component plasma or the ionic mixture appears when electrons become strongly degenerate. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=22 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=45 end-page=62 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1988 dt-pub=19880331 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=An Experimental Study on Levee Failure Caused by Seepage and Preventive Measures en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=There are two classifications of the mechanism of levee failure caused by floods; local seepage failure and progressive failure. The fundamental causes of levee failure produced by piping and erosion were studied and the safety of river leves during floods evaluated in terms of soil machanics. The critical hydraulic gradient and the process of progressive failure were obtained from one- and two- dimensional model experiments for piping and erosion. Problems inherent in and preventive measures against levee failure are discussed. In particular, effects of the Tsukinowa method, the most representative Japanese flood fighting method, were studied experimentally and improvements proposed. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KohnoIichiro en-aut-sei=Kohno en-aut-mei=Iichiro kn-aut-name=‰Í–ìˆÉˆê˜Y kn-aut-sei=‰Í–ì kn-aut-mei=ˆÉˆê˜Y aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishigakiMakoto en-aut-sei=Nishigaki en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name=¼Š_½ kn-aut-sei=¼Š_ kn-aut-mei=½ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeshitaYuji en-aut-sei=Takeshita en-aut-mei=Yuji kn-aut-name=’|‰º—S“ñ kn-aut-sei=’|‰º kn-aut-mei=—S“ñ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=28 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=9 end-page=12 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1994 dt-pub=19940315 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Clusters in Low-Concentrated Al-Mg Alloy en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The state above the solubility temperature of GP zones of Al-3mass % Mg alloy, which has a tendency for precipitation and preprecipitation at low temperature, was studied by resistivity measurement. Homogenization treatment at high temperature reduced Mg atoms in the surface layer. After quenching from 623K, the specimen was annealed sequentially at various temperatures above the GP zone solvus. The stationary resistivity obtained in annealing at a temperature was the same irrespective of the starting state and increased with decreasing annealing temperature. No precipitation was observed in the annealing. The results are not in favor of the segregation of Mg atoms to the dislocation loops but of the short range clustering. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakakibaraAkira en-aut-sei=Sakakibara en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=匴¸ kn-aut-sei=匴 kn-aut-mei=¸ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanadaniTeruto en-aut-sei=Kanadani en-aut-mei=Teruto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakagawaK. en-aut-sei=Nakagawa en-aut-mei=K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YokotaY. en-aut-sei=Yokota en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University of Science affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University of Science affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University of Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=28 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=13 end-page=20 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1994 dt-pub=19940315 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=X-Ray Topographic Observation of Strain Generated by Thin Film (TiN) on Silicon Surface en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The strain in Si substrate induced by locally ion-plated thin film of TiN was observed by X-ray topograph (Lang technique). Circular TiN film was deposited on one side of the Si surface. In all topographs the highest blackness attributed to kinematical diffraction effect occurred at the film edge. Rosette pattern with four-lobes was observed around the film. Blackness as a whole increased with the film thickness. Strain was observed in the depth direction of substrate by limited projection method. When the slit width was narrowed, the kinematical images disappeared, and white images appeared at the film edge. All the contrast disappeared when the TiN film was completely removed in boiling HNO(3). The strain induced by the film deposition was proved to be elastic. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KusumotoHisao en-aut-sei=Kusumoto en-aut-mei=Hisao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HidaMoritaka en-aut-sei=Hida en-aut-mei=Moritaka kn-aut-name=”ò“cŽçF kn-aut-sei=”ò“c kn-aut-mei=ŽçF aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakakibaraAkira en-aut-sei=Sakakibara en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=匴¸ kn-aut-sei=匴 kn-aut-mei=¸ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishidaNorihide en-aut-sei=Nishida en-aut-mei=Norihide kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakemotoYoshito en-aut-sei=Takemoto en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name=’|Œ³‰Ã—˜ kn-aut-sei=’|Œ³ kn-aut-mei=‰Ã—˜ aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamadaMasuo en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=Masuo kn-aut-name=ŽR“c‰v’j kn-aut-sei=ŽR“c kn-aut-mei=‰v’j aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Industrial Technical Center of Okayama Prefecture affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=22 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=63 end-page=70 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1988 dt-pub=19880331 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Mode Choice In Interregional Occupational Person Trips en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The paper is a case study mode choice in interregional occupational person trips. Disagregate behavioral model of logit type is applied to the occupational person trips from Tsuyama area in Okayama Prefecture to Osaka area. The model turned out to give asignificant explanation of the interregional mode choice characteristics. Travel time, travelling expenses and " with or wi thout heavy baggage " were found to be significant. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MyojinSyo kn-aut-sei=Myojin kn-aut-mei=Syo aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KishinoKeiichi kn-aut-sei=Kishino kn-aut-mei=Keiichi aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=YamadaMasahito kn-aut-sei=Yamada kn-aut-mei=Masahito aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Consulting Engineer, Chuo Fukken Consultants Co., Ltd. affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=23 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=12 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1988 dt-pub=19881122 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Study on the Evaluation of the Visual Work Using the Logistic Curve en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Display equipment has been used as communication media in the factory, office, and home. In order to communicate effectively, it is necessary to clarify the characteristics of eye movement in the case of looking at the display. The development of Eye Camera enables us to measure eye movement during work, so that we can collect the many data of eye movement during work. In this study, we proposed a method to evaluate the visual work using the distribution of visual points in X and Y axis. The cumulative distribution is approximated by the logistic curve which shows the symmetry and kurtosis by the parameter. The proposed method was applied to the three typical display models, that is, the digital meter model, reading model, and game model. In the digital meter model, the visual points were distributed symmetrically along the meters, and the symmetry and kurtosis of the distribution varied by the arranged direction of the meter. In the reading model, the visual points were distributed nearly symmetrically and uniformly in each axis and they were moved around the character and line from the period of spectrum analysis. In the game model, the visual points moved according to the target and were distributed symmetrically in the Y axis. And whether the target moved vertically or horizontally, the kurtosis of the distribution became equal in each axis. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsudaMasaaki en-aut-sei=Matsuda en-aut-mei=Masaaki kn-aut-name=¼“c³–¾ kn-aut-sei=¼“c kn-aut-mei=³–¾ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘åèhˆê kn-aut-sei=‘åè kn-aut-mei=hˆê aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=28 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=21 end-page=31 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1994 dt-pub=19940315 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Cyclone Dust Collector with a Perforated Internal Rotating Cylinder en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=An experimental investigation has been made of the cyclone dust collector with a perforated internal rotating cylinder. The size of the rotating cylinder is of 0.5D, where D is the diameter of the cyclone body, and is the same size as the outlet tube. The dust collection efficiency as well as the pressure loss has been measured when the inlet flow speed is 9 ~ 21 m/s and the rotating speed of the cylinder is 37 ~ 63 m/s. The velocity and pressure distributions were also measured. It is found that the collection efficiency decreases and the pressure loss increases as the rotating speed increases. It is also shown that both the inward radial velocity and the upward vertical velocity become large as the rotating cylinder increases its speed. As a whole, the rotation of the internal cylinder makes worse performance of the cyclone dust collector. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamamotoKyoji en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Kyoji kn-aut-name=ŽR–{‹±“ñ kn-aut-sei=ŽR–{ kn-aut-mei=‹±“ñ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=JiaoXuezhen kn-aut-sei=Jiao kn-aut-mei=Xuezhen aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=28 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=33 end-page=44 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1994 dt-pub=19940315 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Collimation of Cerenkov-SHG Blue Light with a Parabolic Mirror en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Proposed here is a convenient optical system to collimate the crescent shaped blue laser beam radiated from a Cerenkov SHG in channel waveguide configuration. This collimation system is consisted of a parabolic mirror and has a very large tolerance to the mirror displacement. The anisotropy of the nonlinear crystal on which the waveguide is fabricated has been taken into account. The optimum mirror location is given to obtain a collimated blue laser beam with an aberration less than 0.07ƒÉ. By using an objective lens, the collimated beam can be focused down to a thin beam with the spot size less than 1ƒÊm. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WangMing en-aut-sei=Wang en-aut-mei=Ming kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=AhmedAnis en-aut-sei=Ahmed en-aut-mei=Anis kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadaOsami en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Osami kn-aut-name=˜a“cCŒÈ kn-aut-sei=˜a“c kn-aut-mei=CŒÈ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KogaRyuji en-aut-sei=Koga en-aut-mei=Ryuji kn-aut-name=ŒÃ‰ê—²Ž¡ kn-aut-sei=ŒÃ‰ê kn-aut-mei=—²Ž¡ aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=23 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=31 end-page=38 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1988 dt-pub=19881122 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Amorphous Oxides Prepared from Organometallic Compounds Part 1. Preparation of Sodium Borosilicate Gels en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Sodium borosilicate gels of compositions similar to that of Vycor(R) glass like 80SiO(2).15B(2)O(3).5Na(2)O(wt%) were prepared from hydrolysis and polycondensation of tetraethyl orthosilicate, trimethyl borate, and sodium methylate under the HCl catalysis. Variation of the gelation time is examined as a function of the mixing ratio of the starting materials and the catalyst. The thermal behavior of the gels has been discussed on the basis of their TG and DTA traces. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MiuraYoshinari en-aut-sei=Miura en-aut-mei=Yoshinari kn-aut-name=ŽO‰Y‰Ã–ç kn-aut-sei=ŽO‰Y kn-aut-mei=‰Ã–ç aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=YuasaMotokazu kn-aut-sei=Yuasa kn-aut-mei=Motokazu aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakaAkiyoshi en-aut-sei=Osaka en-aut-mei=Akiyoshi kn-aut-name=”öâ–¾‹` kn-aut-sei=”öâ kn-aut-mei=–¾‹` aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahashiKatsuaki en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Katsuaki kn-aut-name=‚‹´Ž–¾ kn-aut-sei=‚‹´ kn-aut-mei=Ž–¾ aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Sekisui Chemical Industry, Ltd. affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=28 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=45 end-page=52 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1994 dt-pub=19940315 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Numerical Simulation of Quantum Systems -Dynamics of Electrons in Microstructures- en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Difficulties in simulating systems composed of classical and quantum particles lie in the treatment of the many-body interactions between quantum particles and the geometrical variety of configurations of classical particles. In order to overcome these difficulties, we have developed some numerical methods and applied them to simple cases. As for stationary states, the finite element method provides us with sufficient geometrical freedom. Combined with the Kohn-Sham equation based on the density functional theory, this method virtually satisfies our requirement. In order to investigate time-dependent phenomena, we apply the time-dependent Kohn-Sham equation. Adopting the finite difference method, we are able to follow the development of quantum many-body system. As an example, we estimate the effects of the potential height, the electric field, and many-body interactions in some transition processes in quantum wells coupled by a tunneling barrier. This example is important in itself in relation to semiconductor superlattices and also serves as a benchmark for quantum simulations, variety of geometry corresponding to that of classical particles. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HashimotoSeiji en-aut-sei=Hashimoto en-aut-mei=Seiji kn-aut-name=‹´–{¬m kn-aut-sei=‹´–{ kn-aut-mei=¬m aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaraShigetoshi en-aut-sei=Nara en-aut-mei=Shigetoshi kn-aut-name=“Þ—Çdr kn-aut-sei=“Þ—Ç kn-aut-mei=dr aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=28 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=53 end-page=58 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1994 dt-pub=19940315 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Note on the Piezoelectric Constant of PbZrO(3)-PbTiO(3)(PZT) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=One of the best known solid solution of perovskites is the PbTiO(3)-PbZrO(3) system which is usually abbreviated as PZT. In the phase diagram of this system, there is a drastic phase change from tetragonal to rhombohedral at the molar ratio around 50:50. The PZT crystals are widely used as a practical piezoelectric material because of its very strong piezoelectric effect near this morphotropic phase boundary. We try to explain this anomaly in piezoelectric constant by a phenomenological theory. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiChieko en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Chieko kn-aut-name=“Œ’ÒçŽ}Žq kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=çŽ}Žq aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MatsubaraTakeo kn-aut-sei=Matsubara kn-aut-mei=Takeo aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MiyataSatoru kn-aut-sei=Miyata kn-aut-mei=Satoru aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University of Science affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University of Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=23 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=39 end-page=48 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1988 dt-pub=19881122 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Amorphous Oxides Prepared from Organometallic Compounds Part2. Structure Evolution in Sodium Borosilicate Gels en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Sodium borosilicate gels of compositions similar to that of Vycor(R) glass like 80SiO(2).15B(2)O(3).5Na(2)O (wt%) were prepared from hydrolysis and polycondensation of metal alkoxides under the HCl catalysis. Variation of specific surface area and porosity with temperature indicated that closed pores were opened below 400Ž, and collapsed above 450Ž after the porosity reached a maximum value around 450Ž. The structural evolution was examined due to IR spectra and a phase separation in the gels was observed. The solubility of the gels into 1N-HCl was studied as a function of the treatment temperature. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OsakaAkiyoshi en-aut-sei=Osaka en-aut-mei=Akiyoshi kn-aut-name=”öâ–¾‹` kn-aut-sei=”öâ kn-aut-mei=–¾‹` aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=YuasaMotokazu kn-aut-sei=Yuasa kn-aut-mei=Motokazu aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiuraYoshinari en-aut-sei=Miura en-aut-mei=Yoshinari kn-aut-name=ŽO‰Y‰Ã–ç kn-aut-sei=ŽO‰Y kn-aut-mei=‰Ã–ç aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahashiKatsuaki en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Katsuaki kn-aut-name=‚‹´Ž–¾ kn-aut-sei=‚‹´ kn-aut-mei=Ž–¾ aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Sekisui Chemical Industry, Ltd. affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=28 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=59 end-page=75 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1994 dt-pub=19940315 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Study on the Elasto-plastical Constitutive Equation for Unsaturated Soil en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this paper, first, an elasto-plastic consitituve equation for unsaturated soil was developed by considering of the basically behavior of unsaturated soil. Second, the results of a number of triaxial test and a set of rigid foundation model tests were simulated by using this constitutive equation, the agreement between observed and computed results was satisfactory and confirms the possibilities of this constitutive equation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NishigakiMakoto en-aut-sei=Nishigaki en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name=¼Š_½ kn-aut-sei=¼Š_ kn-aut-mei=½ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=SunYao kn-aut-sei=Sun kn-aut-mei=Yao aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KohnoIichiro en-aut-sei=Kohno en-aut-mei=Iichiro kn-aut-name=‰Í–ìˆÉˆê˜Y kn-aut-sei=‰Í–ì kn-aut-mei=ˆÉˆê˜Y aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=28 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=77 end-page=84 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1994 dt-pub=19940315 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Chemical States of Fluorine Atoms and Laser-Induced Crystallization in rf-Sputtered Thin Films of Amorphous Lead Fluorosilicate en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Amorphous films of lead oxyfluorosilicate were prepared with a rf-sputtering technique, and the distribution profiles of the component elements and chemical states of the fluoride ions were analyzed with an X-ray photoelectron spectrometer. Si atoms with an expanded coordination, O(4)Si-F, were present near the surface, and O(3)Si-F units were present in the deeper part of the films. Electrical resistance indicated transition to a conduction state for the films containing fluoride ions, while the films were crystallized to precipitate low quartz by the irradiation of He-Ne laser of 3 mW up to 1 sec. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OsakaAkiyoshi en-aut-sei=Osaka en-aut-mei=Akiyoshi kn-aut-name=”öâ–¾‹` kn-aut-sei=”öâ kn-aut-mei=–¾‹` aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KawamuraHaruyuki kn-aut-sei=Kawamura kn-aut-mei=Haruyuki aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiuraYoshinari en-aut-sei=Miura en-aut-mei=Yoshinari kn-aut-name=ŽO‰Y‰Ã–ç kn-aut-sei=ŽO‰Y kn-aut-mei=‰Ã–ç aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemsitry affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemsitry affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemsitry END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=23 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=49 end-page=60 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1988 dt-pub=19881122 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Transient Displacement Response to Pulse Excitations on Periodontal Tissues en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In the field of dental study it is most fundamental and necessary to estimate the condition of periodontium. In order to examine a mechanical characteristics of periodontium, the theoretical displacement response to periodontal mechanical model (three elements model) are strictly solved in case of some pulse excitations. Impact excitations (rectangular, triangular and half-cycle sine pulse) are given in physical and mathematical definitions and complete solutions to the impact excitations are provided. The triangular pulse excitation which is obtained by means of a fracture of pencil-lead is most suitable. The mechanical parameters of periodontium are given using this input excitation. This is experimentally confirmed by artificial tooth model. The obtained mechanical characteristic of the periodontal tissues can be applied to clinical diagnosis. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkaHisao en-aut-sei=Oka en-aut-mei=Hisao kn-aut-name=‰ª‹v—Y kn-aut-sei=‰ª kn-aut-mei=‹v—Y aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoTatsuma en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Tatsuma kn-aut-name=ŽR–{’C”n kn-aut-sei=ŽR–{ kn-aut-mei=’C”n aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=IsayamaYoshiharu kn-aut-sei=Isayama kn-aut-mei=Yoshiharu aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=12 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1989 dt-pub=19891129 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effects of Drive System Lubricant Additives upon Rolling Fatigue of Carburized and Hardened Steel Rollers en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=To clarify the effects of a drive system lubricant additive upon rolling fatigue of rollers manufactured from carburized and hardened steel, three types of oil were used as lubricants: one mineral base oil and the other two mineral base oils to which an S-P additive package and ATF additive package were added, respectively. These specimens were tested for sliding/rolling fatigue and examined for failure on the surface, rolling fatigue strength, and other properties. Roller surface temperatures and inter-roller frictional coefficients were found scarcely affected by the type of oil used. Irrespective of the difference in oil type, failure on the surface was found to be entirely spalling attributable to cracks generated in the subsurface. The depth at which spalling cracks had taken place was found nearly coincident with the depth at which a ratio of reversing orthogonal shear stress to hardness had amplitude A(Tyz/Hv) maximized. These depths were larger as Hertz stress became more prominent. Nevertheless, they were found hardly affected by the type of oil. Although rolling fatigue strength did not show a significant difference dependent upon the type of oil, it may be said that fatigue life would be somewhat negatively affected by an extreme pressure coated film with a content of sulfur and phosphorus. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YoshidaAkira en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=‹g“c² kn-aut-sei=‹g“c kn-aut-mei=² aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhueYuji en-aut-sei=Ohue en-aut-mei=Yuji kn-aut-name=‘åã—SŽi kn-aut-sei=‘åã kn-aut-mei=—SŽi aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiiMasahiro en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name=“¡ˆä³_ kn-aut-sei=“¡ˆä kn-aut-mei=³_ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=23 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=61 end-page=68 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1988 dt-pub=19881122 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Determination of Electrical Parameters for Skin during Galvanic Skin Reflex from Continuous Measurement en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Skin impedance satisfies the Cole-Cole arc's law. The change of skin impedance during GSR (Galvanic Skin Reflex) can be expressed by the change of equivalent parallel resistance approximately. Using these characteristics, the complicated change of skin impedance during GSR can be determined continuously from the measurement value in one frequency point. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamamotoYoshitake en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Yoshitake kn-aut-name=ŽR–{®• kn-aut-sei=ŽR–{ kn-aut-mei=®• aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoTatsuma en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Tatsuma kn-aut-name=ŽR–{’C”n kn-aut-sei=ŽR–{ kn-aut-mei=’C”n aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineeringtronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=23 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=69 end-page=82 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1988 dt-pub=19881122 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Plasma Oscillation in Semiconductor Superlattice Structure en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The statistical properties of two-dimensional systems of charges in semiconductor superlattices are analyzed and the dispersion relation of the plasma oscillation is calculated. The possibility to excite these oscillations by applying the electric field parallel to the structure is discussed. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TakeiMakoto kn-aut-sei=Takei kn-aut-mei=Makoto aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Oepartment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Oepartment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=23 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=8 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1989 dt-pub=19890330 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Wettability and Supercooling Phenomena of Ga en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Surface tension (ƒÁ(L)) and contact angle (ƒÆ) of gallium related to wettability on Teflon and other substrates (Al(2)O(3), SiO(2), glass, graphite, BN, AI, Ni, As etc.) were investigated. The values of Teflon were 0.70(6)N/m and 158‹ in pure argon atmosphere, and the ones of other substrates were listed in a table in this text. We were interested especially in the relative values, ƒÁ(L)'s, on the substrates as compared with ƒÁ(L) on Teflon substrate. Liquid Ga showed spreading wetting on pure Ni metal and adhesional wetting on Al (supposed to be covered by A1(2)O(3)) and on metallic polycrystal As. Surface tension of Ga was remarkably decreased by a kind of oxide contamination due to oxygen in air. The surface layer coated by the contamination was of amorphous state nearly same as liquid Ga. The amorphous coat caused liquid Ga rather high supercooling of ¢T~35K. It seems that the contamination layer (oxide fi1m) smeared the crystal nucleation sites on the free surface of liquid Ga en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KamiyabuHideto en-aut-sei=Kamiyabu en-aut-mei=Hideto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakakibaraAkira en-aut-sei=Sakakibara en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=匴¸ kn-aut-sei=匴 kn-aut-mei=¸ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaedaHironobu en-aut-sei=Maeda en-aut-mei=Hironobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HidaMoritaka en-aut-sei=Hida en-aut-mei=Moritaka kn-aut-name=”ò“cŽçF kn-aut-sei=”ò“c kn-aut-mei=ŽçF aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Science affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=13 end-page=24 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1989 dt-pub=19891129 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Fundamental Study on Electrical Discharge Machining en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The generation mechanism of crater in electrical discharge machining is analyzed with a single pulse discharge device for alloy tool steel, black alumina ceramics, cermet and cemented carbide, investigating the gap voltage, the discharge current, the shape of crater, the wear of electrode and so on. The experimental analysis makes it clear that the shape of crater has a characteristic feature for the kind of workpiece. The shape of electrode, which changes with the wear by an electric spark, has a significant effect on the shape of crater. The diameter and the depth of crater have a close relation to the discharge energy for alloy tool steel, black alumina ceramics and cermet, while those for cemented carbide are related to the discharge current. The shape factor which is the ratio of the depth to the diameter of crater is different for the work material. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UnoYoshiyuki en-aut-sei=Uno en-aut-mei=Yoshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakajimaToshikatsu en-aut-sei=Nakajima en-aut-mei=Toshikatsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=EndoOsamu en-aut-sei=Endo en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=25 end-page=39 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1989 dt-pub=19891129 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=An Expert System for the Scheduling of a Flexible Assembly Line for Multi Item Products en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=An expert system, in which preconditions and rules are expressed in logical formulas, is developed to support the scheduling of an automated job shop type multi-item assembly line. This system has the foIIowing characteristics to apply any case of schedulings: (1)Forward scheduling orbackward scheduling can be made. (2)The criterion on the input order of products, the dispatching process at each assembly station, and the selection of products from a buffer can be selected from several priority criteria. (3)Layout, number and velocity of vehicles, and the capacity of each buffer can be changed. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KajiharaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Kajihara en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name=ŠŒ´N”Ž kn-aut-sei=ŠŒ´ kn-aut-mei=N”Ž aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘åèhˆê kn-aut-sei=‘åè kn-aut-mei=hˆê aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate school of natural science and technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of mechanical engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=23 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=9 end-page=19 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1989 dt-pub=19890330 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Design Method for Pin Holding Type Jig en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Multi-item flexible manufacturing systems have been spread to correspond the short life-cycle and the diversification of products. Part handling plays an important role to operate multi-functional robot efficiently in these systems, and many jigs are widely used to hold a part. They should be exchanged at once according to changing products. In this paper, we propose a pin jig which holds a part with two pins, and design method of the position, length and diameter of those pins for a cylindrical part. This jig has the following characteristics. As a surface of the jig is inclined to use gravity, the part can be fixed without any external forces. Therefore the structure of jig becomes simple, and loading and unloading of a part becomes easy for a robot hand. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KurodaTsutomu kn-aut-sei=Kuroda kn-aut-mei=Tsutomu aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘åèhˆê kn-aut-sei=‘åè kn-aut-mei=hˆê aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsudaMasaaki en-aut-sei=Matsuda en-aut-mei=Masaaki kn-aut-name=¼“c³–¾ kn-aut-sei=¼“c kn-aut-mei=³–¾ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=FujisawaKeita kn-aut-sei=Fujisawa kn-aut-mei=Keita aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Tosco Co. LTD. affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Mitsubishi Electric Co., LTD. END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=61 end-page=67 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1992 dt-pub=19920328 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Preparation of Mullite Dispersed Silica Ceramics through Sol-Gel Processing en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Mullite-dispersed silica ceramics were prepared through sol-gel processing by the use of tetraethoxy silane, aluminium nitrate and aluminium isopropoxide as the Si and Al sources where HCl and HN0(3) were the catalyst. Effect of the starting materials, solvents and catalysts was examined on the gelation time or temperature of mullite precipitation. Apparent activation energy of gelation ranged from 80 to 95kJ/mol. The presence of AI in the sols elongated the gelling time suggesting the formation of chelate bonds between AI and Si-OR or Si-OH bonds. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OsakaAkiyoshi en-aut-sei=Osaka en-aut-mei=Akiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KawabataKouji kn-aut-sei=Kawabata kn-aut-mei=Kouji aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NanbaTokuro en-aut-sei=Nanba en-aut-mei=Tokuro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakadaJun en-aut-sei=Takada en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiuraYoshinari en-aut-sei=Miura en-aut-mei=Yoshinari kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Industrial Technology Center of Okayama Prefecture affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=53 end-page=61 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1989 dt-pub=19891129 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Diffusion of Sodium Ions into Tin Oxide Thin Films from Glass Substrates en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Electrical resistance and X-ray photoelectron depth profile analysis are studied for antimony doped tin oxide films developed on silica, alkali-free and sodalime slide glass substrates. The sodium ions diffused from the substrates to the films prevented the crystal growth of rutile type tin oxide in the film, resulting in the high electrical resistance. A diffusion layer has been detected for each film with diffuse profiles of multi valent cations (Sn, Si or Ca) at the interface of the tin oxide film and substrate. A greater amount of sodium atoms have been detected in the film developed on the soda-lime glass while almost no sodium atoms have been found in those on the other substrates. This can be explained by the diffusion of the sodium ions in the substrate due to a drastic hydronium-sodium exchange mechanism under highly acidic conditions during the dipping and drying processes. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OsakaAkiyoshi en-aut-sei=Osaka en-aut-mei=Akiyoshi kn-aut-name=”öâ–¾‹` kn-aut-sei=”öâ kn-aut-mei=–¾‹` aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TakaoSeiji kn-aut-sei=Takao kn-aut-mei=Seiji aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OdaKiichi en-aut-sei=Oda en-aut-mei=Kiichi kn-aut-name=¬“cŠìˆê kn-aut-sei=¬“c kn-aut-mei=Šìˆê aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakadaJun en-aut-sei=Takada en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name=‚“c kn-aut-sei=‚“c kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiuraYoshinari en-aut-sei=Miura en-aut-mei=Yoshinari kn-aut-name=ŽO‰Y‰Ã–ç kn-aut-sei=ŽO‰Y kn-aut-mei=‰Ã–ç aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Japan Exran Co. Ltd. affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=23 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=21 end-page=32 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1989 dt-pub=19890330 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=An Applicability of Aggregate and Disaggregate Estimations to Mode Choice by Inter-regional Occupational Person Trips en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Diversion model and disaggregate behavioral model of logit type are adopted as aggregate and disaggregate estimates, respectively. Diversion model is assumed as a binary choice process including diversion ratio function at each step in the process. Diversion ratio is assumed as a function of generalized-travel-time ratio. The function is identified with each of the two steps of diversion; diverson from rail and bus to car at first and from the rest undiverted to bus at second. The data used are those on inter-regional occupational person trips. Each function are found enough and/or critically significant in the statistical sense. At the begginning, sixteen characteristics variables are enrolled in disaggregate model, which are identified by use of the above data. Six variables are reached finally and are all reasonable. A brief comparison of goodness of fit to the data are made between two models. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MyojinSho kn-aut-sei=Myojin kn-aut-mei=Sho aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=YamadaMasahito kn-aut-sei=Yamada kn-aut-mei=Masahito aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=FujiiNaoto kn-aut-sei=Fujii kn-aut-mei=Naoto aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate Student END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=63 end-page=72 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1989 dt-pub=19891129 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Measurement of Emotional Response by Similarity in Patterns of Galvanic Skin Reflex en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=There is no doubt that many people feel the peace of mind or the pleasures of senses in appreciating music. But the estimation of the effect is very difficult and the objective estimation can be hardly done. This study proposed the objective estimating method of human emotion utilizing galvanic skin reflex (GSR) which reflects a human psychological activity. In this method, not by individual response, but by the series of response and pattern of appearance of GSR, the emotional response under appreciating music was investigated. In the case of appreciation of the same classic music to several subjects, the individual GSR responses are random and remarkable characteristic could not be find on the results. However, on the patterns of appearance of GSR, the patterns obtaining from the same generation are much similar each other and the patterns obtaining from different generation are less similar. It was cleared that the same music gave different effect on different generations. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamamotoYoshitake en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Yoshitake kn-aut-name=ŽR–{®• kn-aut-sei=ŽR–{ kn-aut-mei=®• aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=IsshikiHiromi kn-aut-sei=Isshiki kn-aut-mei=Hiromi aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkaHisao en-aut-sei=Oka en-aut-mei=Hisao kn-aut-name=‰ª‹v—Y kn-aut-sei=‰ª kn-aut-mei=‹v—Y aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoTatsuma en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Tatsuma kn-aut-name=ŽR–{’C”n kn-aut-sei=ŽR–{ kn-aut-mei=’C”n aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Maizuru College of Technology, Maizuru affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=23 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=33 end-page=44 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1989 dt-pub=19890330 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Flow of Rarefied Vapour past a Liquid Sphere en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This paper deals with the low Mach numbers flow of a rarefied vapour past a liquid sphere accompanied with condensation and evaporation at its surface. The linearized Bhatnager-Gross-Krook(B-G-K} equation is used for the analysis, and from it the integral equations of the density, temperature and flow velocities are derived. These integral equations are solved numerically over a wide range of the Knudsen number covering from the slip flow to the nearly free molecular flow. The drag on the sphere is also calculated and is compared with that of previous work. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=IshiharaYuji kn-aut-sei=Ishihara kn-aut-mei=Yuji aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoKyoji en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Kyoji kn-aut-name=ŽR–{‹±“ñ kn-aut-sei=ŽR–{ kn-aut-mei=‹±“ñ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Engineering Mathematics affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Engineering Mathematics END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=23 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=45 end-page=55 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1989 dt-pub=19890330 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=On Robust Incomplete Choleski-Conjugate Gradient Method And Its Modification en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This paper includes a solver for a large sparse set of linear algebraic equations which are obtained by the application of the finite element method to static structural problems. Proposed method is a modification of Robust Incomplete Choleski-Conjugate Gradient Method, which belongs to Preconditioned Conjugate Gradient Method suitable for supercomputers. Through a number of numerical experiments the authors show that Robust Incomplete Choleski-Conjugate Gradient Method sometimes fails in to obtain the solutions, secondly they clarify the reason of the failures from the theoretical viewpoint, and finally they propose a modification of the robust method by the introduction of the theoretical result. Proposed method is as effective as the original, and it can overcome the demerit of Robust Method which is clarified through numerical experiments. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TaniguchiTakeo en-aut-sei=Taniguchi en-aut-mei=Takeo kn-aut-name=’JŒûŒ’’j kn-aut-sei=’JŒû kn-aut-mei=Œ’’j aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiwaraKohji en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Kohji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Engineering Science Department affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Civil Engineering Department END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=73 end-page=80 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1989 dt-pub=19891129 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Measurement of Microvibration on the Skin Surface en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=There is a small vibration which goes undetected by the naked eyes. It is called a microvibration (MV) or a minor tremor (MT). The MV on the body surface is expected to apply to a clinical examination of the autonomic nervous system. It is not cleared why and how the MV occurs, but there are many papers about its occurrence and clinical application. In this study, MV measuring system, its estimation and basic characteristics are examined. The difference between head MV and thenar MV, individual MV and diurnal and seasonal change are discussed. The power spectrum of MV is obtained using an autoregressive model. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkaHisao en-aut-sei=Oka en-aut-mei=Hisao kn-aut-name=‰ª‹v—Y kn-aut-sei=‰ª kn-aut-mei=‹v—Y aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=IsayamaYoshiharu kn-aut-sei=Isayama kn-aut-mei=Yoshiharu aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoYoshitake en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Yoshitake kn-aut-name=ŽR–{®• kn-aut-sei=ŽR–{ kn-aut-mei=®• aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoTatsuma en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Tatsuma kn-aut-name=ŽR–{’C”n kn-aut-sei=ŽR–{ kn-aut-mei=’C”n aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=13 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1990 dt-pub=19901214 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Method of Cubic Object Feature Extraction en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=How to reduce and simplify the calculation for image recognition is a very attractive and important issue in order to realize the real time control of a robot based on the image recognition results. This paper describes a method of extracting 2 - dimensional geometrical features of cubic objects based on the normal vector distributions from the visual information obtained with the laser range finder to reduce the calculation of the image recognition. In this research a laser beam is scanned in the horizontal plane to which the cubic objects stand vertically and the laser spot is detected with a TV camera every sampling time. These spots make an intermittent locus which includes some special lines corresponding to the cubic objects. To extract the features of the cubic objects, we utilize the normal vectors formed on the locus. If some normal vectors distribute in the same direction and the origin of the normal vectors are very close to their neighbor's, these normal vectors can be classified into the same class, -the straight line class. Because the normal vectors on the neighbor surfaces of the cubic objects are vertical to each other, we use this property to determine the pair of straight lines which belong to the cubic objects. Making the histogram based on the normal vectors with the same direction, we obtain the peaks which are supported by the points on the cubic object surfaces. Then, the points can be extracted from the set of points on the whole locus inversely according to the relations with the peaks and the features of the cubic object can be extracted by applying method of least square to these extracted points. The experiments proved the availability of the proposed processing algorithm. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=GaoHong kn-aut-sei=Gao kn-aut-mei=Hong aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadaTsutomu en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Tsutomu kn-aut-name=˜a“c—Í kn-aut-sei=˜a“c kn-aut-mei=—Í aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NoritsuguToshiro en-aut-sei=Noritsugu en-aut-mei=Toshiro kn-aut-name=‘¥ŽŸr˜Y kn-aut-sei=‘¥ŽŸ kn-aut-mei=r˜Y aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial and Mechanical Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=81 end-page=92 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1989 dt-pub=19891129 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Analysis of the Radiation Characteristics of a Primary-Feed Waveguide in a Quasi-Optical Antenna for Circular TE(On) Mode en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Are calculated the radiation characteristics of two types of primary-feed waveguides of millimeter wave quasi-optical antennas, which transform circular TE(On) mode into a linearly polarized beam. These antennas are utilized for heating and diagnostics of fusion plasma. Analysis is based on the Huygens-Fresnel principle, which takes the diffraction effect into account. For Convenience in analysis, a feed waveguide is divided into two sections, an uniform waveguide section and a visor section. Assuming that the diameter of the waveguide is several times as large as the wavelength and that the structure of the visor is open, the radiation field is approximated by superposition of direct radiation, and first and second reflection on the visor. Numerical results are presented and compared with experimental results. In these types of waveguides, the shadow section on the visor has a great influence on the radiation field. The results of calculation show that the length of the visor should be longer than that obtained by the geometrical optics, and the longer visor reduces the side-lobe level in the direction of the waveguide axis. The results agree well with those in experiments. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WadaOsami en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Osami kn-aut-name=˜a“cCŒÈ kn-aut-sei=˜a“c kn-aut-mei=CŒÈ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=93 end-page=105 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1989 dt-pub=19891129 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Propagation Characteristics of Superlattice Potentials and their Optimization en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Propagation of charged carriers in semiconductor superlattices is analyzed on the basis of the effective mass approximation with appropriate boundary conditions at heterojunctions taken into account. Applying the finite element method, clarified are the effects of details of the potential profile, such as linear and smooth gradings and random fluctuations, on characteristics of superlattices which are expected to work as collector barriers and energy filters in electronic devices. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HatataniTeruki en-aut-sei=Hatatani en-aut-mei=Teruki kn-aut-name=”¨’JŒõ‹P kn-aut-sei=”¨’J kn-aut-mei=Œõ‹P aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=107 end-page=114 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1989 dt-pub=19891129 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Determination of Unsaturated Soil Hydraulic Properties by Transient Flow Experiments and Parameter Estimation en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The numerical feasibility of determining soil water retention and hydraulic conductivity functions simultaneously from one-dimensional transient flow experiments in the laboratory by parameter estimation method is evaluated. Soil hydraulic properties are assumed to be represented by van Genuchten's closed-form expressions involving two unknown parameters: coefficients ƒ¿ and n . These parameters are evaluated by nonlinear least-squares fitting of predicted and observed pressure head with time. Gravity drainage experiments are performed for Toyoura standard sand to evaluate the adequacy of this proposed method. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KohnoIichiro en-aut-sei=Kohno en-aut-mei=Iichiro kn-aut-name=‰Í–ìˆÉˆê˜Y kn-aut-sei=‰Í–ì kn-aut-mei=ˆÉˆê˜Y aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishigakiMakoto en-aut-sei=Nishigaki en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name=¼Š_½ kn-aut-sei=¼Š_ kn-aut-mei=½ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeshitaYuji en-aut-sei=Takeshita en-aut-mei=Yuji kn-aut-name=’|‰º—S“ñ kn-aut-sei=’|‰º kn-aut-mei=—S“ñ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=15 end-page=21 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1990 dt-pub=19901214 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effect of Quenching Condition on the Growth of GP Zones in Al-lmass % Ag Alloy en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Aging of Al-lmass % Ag alloy at 273K after quenching under various conditions was studied by measurement of electrical resistivity. Scattering of the quasi-equilibrium value of resistivity (p(e)) was not random but closely related to the as-quenched value (p(o)); P(e) increased with increasing p(o)' When the quenching temperature (T(q)) was lower than or equal to 773K, the state at p(e) was controlled substantially by the concentration of quenched vacancy. On the other hand, when T(q)>823K, GP zones formed during quenching played an important role, instead of quenched vacancies, in determining the state. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakakibaraAkira en-aut-sei=Sakakibara en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=匴¸ kn-aut-sei=匴 kn-aut-mei=¸ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanadaniTeruto en-aut-sei=Kanadani en-aut-mei=Teruto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University of Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=115 end-page=133 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1989 dt-pub=19891129 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Trends in the Regional Structure of Manufacturing Industries in Japan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The rapid economic growth of Japan in the postwar period has brought about the over-concentration of activities in a few large cities, and local regions have been losing their economic vitality due to the regional differentials and the population loss. Regional development planning in Japan has sought to achieve a balanced growth of the nation through the development of industries in local regions. This paper aims to examine the regional structure of manufacturing industries in the postwar period and to identify its current problems. Three methods, namely the analysis of coefficient of variation, the rateshare analysis and the shift-share analysis are applied using employment data of manufacturing industries for the years 1955 to 1985. Findings show that while the employment of manufacturing industries has been markedly decentralized from metropolitan to local regions, the disparities in growth rates still exist among regions. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AbeHirofumi en-aut-sei=Abe en-aut-mei=Hirofumi kn-aut-name=ˆ¢•”GŽj kn-aut-sei=ˆ¢•” kn-aut-mei=GŽj aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=NogataMikio kn-aut-sei=Nogata kn-aut-mei=Mikio aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Prefectural Office END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=23 end-page=35 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1990 dt-pub=19901214 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Preparation of ZnO Films by Activated Reactive Evaporation Method en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Zinc oxide films were prepared on silica glass substrates by the use of an r.f. activated reactive evaporation (ARE) method, and were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron micrograph (SEM). XRD measurements indicate that the films were c-axis oriented and that an r.f. plasma of Zn and O was necessary for the ZnO film deposition. Substrate temperature, oxygen gas pressure, evaporation rate, r.f. power and inlet position of oxygen gas effect the c-axis orientation, the growth rate and the microstructure of the films. Optimum conditions for a dense film with a fine texture of the surface and having good crystallinity were as follows: the substrate temperature;400Ž, the evaporation rate;5.0(A)/s, the oxygen pressure;2.0x10(-4) Torr, the r.f. power;150 to 200W, and the oxygen gas inlet near the substrate. For the film prepared under the optimum conditions, the standard deviation@ƒÐ@of the rocking curve for the (002) diffraction was 1.9deg, smaller than that of the film prepared by using an r.f. sputtering method. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MiuraYoshinari en-aut-sei=Miura en-aut-mei=Yoshinari kn-aut-name=ŽO‰Y‰Ã–ç kn-aut-sei=ŽO‰Y kn-aut-mei=‰Ã–ç aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakadaJun en-aut-sei=Takada en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name=‚“c kn-aut-sei=‚“c kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakaAkiyoshi en-aut-sei=Osaka en-aut-mei=Akiyoshi kn-aut-name=”öâ–¾‹` kn-aut-sei=”öâ kn-aut-mei=–¾‹` aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawamuraToshio en-aut-sei=Kawamura en-aut-mei=Toshio kn-aut-name=‰Í‘º—˜•v kn-aut-sei=‰Í‘º kn-aut-mei=—˜•v aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=135 end-page=152 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1989 dt-pub=19891129 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Numerical Simulation of Multicrack Propagation Behaviour in Steel Structure en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This paper describes the numerical simulation method of the multi-crack propagation behaviour which appear in a part of civil engineering structures with complex geometrical configuration like steel bridges. Proposed method can treat the interaction of several cracks which locate in a short distance each other, and the process of their growth can be grasped. The method is based on the finite element method, and the linear fracture mechanics is assumed. Proposed method includes following tools for the simulation of the crack propagation behaviour: Automatic Mesh Generators for 3-D, 2-D structural analysis, and 2-D crack propagation analysis, Multi-level Structural Analysis Technique, Estimation Method of the crack growth and the angle of cracks and the modelling method of traffic loadings. The validity of the method is investigated by comparing the result to the experimental one. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TaniguhiTakeo en-aut-sei=Taniguhi en-aut-mei=Takeo kn-aut-name=’JŒûŒ’’j kn-aut-sei=’JŒû kn-aut-mei=Œ’’j aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuetsuguTsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Suetsugu en-aut-mei=Tsuyoshi kn-aut-name=––ŽŸ„ kn-aut-sei=––ŽŸ kn-aut-mei=„ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=IwasakiMasaki kn-aut-sei=Iwasaki kn-aut-mei=Masaki aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Engineering Science affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Yokogawa Bridge Works, LTD. END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=37 end-page=50 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1990 dt-pub=19901214 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Second Harmonic Detection of Atmospheric Trace Gases with a Train-Pulse Driven Lead-Salt Tunable Diode Laser for an Operation at Peltier Cooling Temperature en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Is proposed a tunable diode laser absorption spectrometer system which employs a pulsed current to drive the diode laser still implementing a second-harmonic detection methods enhancing a signal to noise up to 104 times that the case without it. This system affords the lead-salt diode laser a higher operating temperature which allows a more compact deep cooling system. A principle is based on employing a gated integrator between the preamplifier and the lock-in amplifier. Investigations are made on the optimum selection of the gating aperture time interval as determined by response time of the infrared detector and the pulse width of the laser driving current. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=BouzidiMoncef en-aut-sei=Bouzidi en-aut-mei=Moncef kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KogaRyuji en-aut-sei=Koga en-aut-mei=Ryuji kn-aut-name=ŒÃ‰ê—²Ž¡ kn-aut-sei=ŒÃ‰ê kn-aut-mei=—²Ž¡ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadaOsami en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Osami kn-aut-name=˜a“cCŒÈ kn-aut-sei=˜a“c kn-aut-mei=CŒÈ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KagawaNaoki en-aut-sei=Kagawa en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name=ì’¼ŒÈ kn-aut-sei=ì kn-aut-mei=’¼ŒÈ aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaiXu en-aut-sei=Hai en-aut-mei=Xu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KosakaMegumi en-aut-sei=Kosaka en-aut-mei=Megumi kn-aut-name=¬âŒb kn-aut-sei=¬â kn-aut-mei=Œb aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SanoHiroya en-aut-sei=Sano en-aut-mei=Hiroya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Measurement and Test Center, North-East Normal University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Engineering, Fukuyama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=9 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1990 dt-pub=19900329 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Fine Particles of Ti and Ti-Mo Alloy Prepared by Gas Evaporation en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Fine particles of Ti-Mo alloy were prepared by evaporation. When Ti-40at % Mo alloy was evaporated on tungsten filament, fine particles of Ti contaminated with W were obtained. These particles were polyhedron in shape and 10`250nm in diameter. Average diameter and size distribution increased with pressure of argon gas (100`600 Torr). When pure Ti was placed on the Mo filament and evaporated from melt down of heated Mo filament in helium gas, fine particles of pure Ti and of Ti-Mo alloy were obtained. In this case, Ti particles were of indeterminate form and of several tens nm in diameter, and their diffraction pattern was of common ƒ¿-Ti. On the other hand, composition of the Ti-Mo particles was determined to be 18at % Mo by an analysis of EDX. Structure of Ti-Mo particles could not be determined because their diameters were more than 600nm. The temperature of Mo filament, for the most part, was about 1800Ž, and there pure Ti particles were produced. The temperature of the fused part of the filament was locally higher than 2600Ž, and there Ti-Mo particles were produced. Fine structures of contact region among some Ti particles were observed with HRTEM. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UmemotoMasayuki en-aut-sei=Umemoto en-aut-mei=Masayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakemotoYoshito en-aut-sei=Takemoto en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name=’|Œ³‰Ã—˜ kn-aut-sei=’|Œ³ kn-aut-mei=‰Ã—˜ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakakibaraAkira en-aut-sei=Sakakibara en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=匴¸ kn-aut-sei=匴 kn-aut-mei=¸ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HidaMoritaka en-aut-sei=Hida en-aut-mei=Moritaka kn-aut-name=”ò“cŽçF kn-aut-sei=”ò“c kn-aut-mei=ŽçF aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=51 end-page=57 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1990 dt-pub=19901214 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Superconductivity Proximity Effect in Inhomogeneous Media en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The superconductivity proximity effect in the dirty limit is revisited and equations and boundary conditions are obtained for the case of inhomogeneous media with continuously varying characteristic parameters. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=11 end-page=16 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1990 dt-pub=19900329 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Aging in Dilute Al-Si Alloys en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Aging behavior of Al-0.23mass % Si alloy was studied by measurements of elecrical resistivity. Resistvity maximum was observed in the aging curves at 273K after quenching from various temperatures. Appearance of maximum and its dependence on the quenching temperature were attributed to the formation of GP zones. Even in a more dilute alloy as 0.01mass % Si, the maximum of resistivity was also recognized. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakakibaraAkira en-aut-sei=Sakakibara en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=匴¸ kn-aut-sei=匴 kn-aut-mei=¸ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanadaniTeruto en-aut-sei=Kanadani en-aut-mei=Teruto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University of Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=59 end-page=69 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1990 dt-pub=19901214 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Pumping Test for Multilayered Aquifers en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this paper, we propose a method to determine the coefficients of permeability of the unconfined aquifer consisted of two different permeability layers. With mixing the conventional pumping test and falling head permeability test, the coefficients of permeabilitiy k(1) and k(2) were obtained. The validity of the proposed method is investigated by using the numerical simulation. As the results, it becomes apparent that the proposed method is applicable to real hydarulic problems. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KohnoIichiro en-aut-sei=Kohno en-aut-mei=Iichiro kn-aut-name=‰Í–ìˆÉˆê˜Y kn-aut-sei=‰Í–ì kn-aut-mei=ˆÉˆê˜Y aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishigakiMakoto en-aut-sei=Nishigaki en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name=¼Š_½ kn-aut-sei=¼Š_ kn-aut-mei=½ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=OkadaJunji kn-aut-sei=Okada kn-aut-mei=Junji aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Nakaboli Soil Corner Co. Ltd. END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=17 end-page=30 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1990 dt-pub=19900329 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Film Continuity Problem on Journal Bearing Design en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Pressure distribution has been measured and analyzed to clarify the fundamental characteristics of "continuous oil-film" formed in a transparent journal bearing, into which oil in general use is supplied. Measured pressure mostly shows quasi-Sommerfeld distribution, which is characterized by downstream shift of pressure profile and underdevelopment of pressure trough compared with Sommerfeld distribution for perfect oil-film. Sommerfeld distribution is approximately observed only under limited conditions : low eccentricity and low speed. Quasi-Sommerfeld state is rather common in "continuous oil-film", unruptured film formed by using practical lubricants, than Sommerfeld state. Continuous oil-film is accompanied by fine bubbles and is controlled by the growing up or down of the bubbles. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KonishiTadataka en-aut-sei=Konishi en-aut-mei=Tadataka kn-aut-name=¬¼’‰F kn-aut-sei=¬¼ kn-aut-mei=’‰F aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=BabaMitsuru en-aut-sei=Baba en-aut-mei=Mitsuru kn-aut-name=”nê[ kn-aut-sei=”nê kn-aut-mei=[ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Information Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=71 end-page=87 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1990 dt-pub=19901214 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Optimal Pricing and Planning of Urban Expressway System en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A transportation planning way of approach is applied to optimal pricing and planning of urban expressway network. Two kinds of network are investigated ; four radials with one ring system and four radials with two rings system. The model is composed of three submodels ; road systell, trip generation-attraction and traffic diversion. Some iaplicative aspects are shown of the optimal solutions that maximize the aggregate number of the trips diverted to expressway under constraints ; equilibrium of revenue and expenditure and traffic capacity constraint. (1) traffic flow has the peaks at junctions on radial expressway that are adjusted to be equal to the traffic capacity. (2) two rings system realizes the larger aggregate number of diverted trips by lower toll rate than one ring system does. (3) well-located second ring has a remarkable effect on improvement in accessibility to expressway and (4) some parameters in the model have curious effects on the optimal system. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MyojinSho kn-aut-sei=Myojin kn-aut-mei=Sho aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=YamadaMasahito kn-aut-sei=Yamada kn-aut-mei=Masahito aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=FujiiNaoto kn-aut-sei=Fujii kn-aut-mei=Naoto aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=ONRON Co., Ltd. END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=31 end-page=40 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1990 dt-pub=19900329 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Basic Characteristics of Microvibration on the Skin Surface en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A small vibration on the body surface is expected to apply to a clinical examination of the autonomic nervous system. The vibration cannot be found by the naked eyes. It is called a microvibration (MV) or a minor tremor (MT). It is not cleared out why and how the MV occurs, but many papers about its occurrence and clinical application have been published. In this study, the typical spectrum of MV and the various causes of MV occurrence are studied. The relationships of MV with heart rate, muscle contraction and MV are discussed. The power spectrum of MV is obtained by using an autoregressive model. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkaHisao en-aut-sei=Oka en-aut-mei=Hisao kn-aut-name=‰ª‹v—Y kn-aut-sei=‰ª kn-aut-mei=‹v—Y aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=IsayamaYoshiharu kn-aut-sei=Isayama kn-aut-mei=Yoshiharu aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=NakauchiMakoto kn-aut-sei=Nakauchi kn-aut-mei=Makoto aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoTatsuma en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Tatsuma kn-aut-name=ŽR–{’C”n kn-aut-sei=ŽR–{ kn-aut-mei=’C”n aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=89 end-page=98 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1990 dt-pub=19901214 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Structure of Interregional Migration in Japanese Regions : An Application of Multidimensional Scaling en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Multidimensional scaling (MDS) has been used in a wide variety of research fields; psychology, political science, anthropology, marketing research, urban and regional planning, and so on. In practical terms, MDS is a statistical method to make a picture of the information in the data. It enables us to examine the "hidden structure" of a set of data. When the set of data is large, MDS is extremely useful, since it is easier and more informative to look at a picture than the data themselves. In this paper, MDS is applied to the interregional migration data of Japanese regions for the years 1960-85. Findings show that the two-dimensional configuration of regions estimated by MDS generally corresponds with the geographical locations of regions, and the structure of interregional migration was very stable over the study years 1960-85. It is also suggested that MDS is a useful tool to identify the relationships between regions using the spatial interaction data. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AbeHirofumi en-aut-sei=Abe en-aut-mei=Hirofumi kn-aut-name=ˆ¢•”GŽj kn-aut-sei=ˆ¢•” kn-aut-mei=GŽj aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=OishiManabu kn-aut-sei=Oishi kn-aut-mei=Manabu aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Japan Freight Railway Company END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=41 end-page=47 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1990 dt-pub=19900329 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Control of Microscopic Superconducting Channel by the Proximity Effect en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A possibility to control the microscopic superconducting channel based on the proximity effect is theoretically shown by a simple one-dimensional analysis of de Gennes' equation for the order parameter. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Elecrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=99 end-page=109 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1990 dt-pub=19901214 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Determining Hydraulic Properties of Multilayered Aquifers from Pumping Test Data by Parameter Estimation en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this paper, a numerical procedure of determining hydraulic properties in multilayered aquifers are presented. From pumping test data in multilayered aquifers, the coefficient of permeability and specific storage for each aquifer are determined by using a combination of finite element analysis and nonlinear least-squares optimization technique. This study especially points out necessity of stress-flow coupling analysis to explain the behaviors of pressure head in multilayered aquifer during pumping test. As a example, practical pumping test data were evaluate and the coefficients of permeability and specific storage of aquifers and aquitard were obtained. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NishigakiMakoto en-aut-sei=Nishigaki en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name=¼Š_½ kn-aut-sei=¼Š_ kn-aut-mei=½ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeshitaYuji en-aut-sei=Takeshita en-aut-mei=Yuji kn-aut-name=’|‰º—S“ñ kn-aut-sei=’|‰º kn-aut-mei=—S“ñ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonoIichiro en-aut-sei=Kono en-aut-mei=Iichiro kn-aut-name=‰Í–ìˆÉˆê˜Y kn-aut-sei=‰Í–ì kn-aut-mei=ˆÉˆê˜Y aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=49 end-page=65 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1990 dt-pub=19900329 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Characteristics of Errors in Open and Closed Trilateration Nets en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Distance measurements have been more and more easy and accurate to carry out, and it is expected that distance mesurements may provide rather accurate results than angle measurements. Under these circumstances, caracteritics of errors in typical trilateration nets are investigated. The nets investigated are as follows: From single row of chains to pranimetrically extended nets in figure, open and closed networks with respect to external constraint, and with and without as to internal constraint. Computations are performed by use of the method of condition equations, and behaviours of error propagation and errors of coordinates of stations in the nets are shown in case of typical nets. For example, effects for decrease in error by composing a double row of chains and by enforcing external constraints are explained. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MoriChuji en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=Chuji kn-aut-name=X’‰ŽŸ kn-aut-sei=X kn-aut-mei=’‰ŽŸ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MachidaKen-ichi kn-aut-sei=Machida kn-aut-mei=Ken-ichi aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Sagae Technical High School END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=8 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1991 dt-pub=19910328 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Mechanical Characteristics of Cast Ti Fiber-Reinforced Mg Composite en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Tensile strength and elongation of cast magnesium reinforced with titanium fiber were measured by tensile test. The pull-out test of a titanium rod partially embedded in a magnesium matrix was performed to evaluate interfacial bonding strength between magnesium and titanium. It was found that when the fiber volume fraction was changed from 1% to 14%, the tensile strength was improved with increase of volume fraction, while the improvement of elongation tended to be restrained beyond the volume fraction of 10%. The interfacial strength was revealed to be strong, and this was substantiated by the scanning electron microscopy showing an excellent wettability between the titanium fiber and the magnesium matrix. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkadaHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HidaMoritaka en-aut-sei=Hida en-aut-mei=Moritaka kn-aut-name=”ò“cŽçF kn-aut-sei=”ò“c kn-aut-mei=ŽçF aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakakibaraAkira en-aut-sei=Sakakibara en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=匴¸ kn-aut-sei=匴 kn-aut-mei=¸ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakemotoYoshito en-aut-sei=Takemoto en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name=’|Œ³‰Ã—˜ kn-aut-sei=’|Œ³ kn-aut-mei=‰Ã—˜ aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END