start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=87 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=117 end-page=122 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1998 dt-pub=199802 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=トウガラシの7月から11月にかけて得られた葯の培養によるカルスおよび胚様体形成 kn-title=Embryoid and Callus Formation from Microspores by Anther Culture from July to November in Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=トウガラシ(Capsicum annuum L.)6品種を供試し、7月から11月にかけて葯培養を行った。1核期の花粉を含む葯を、0.004mg･ liter-1 2,4-D, 0.1mg･ liter-1 kinetin,30g・ liter-1 sucroseおよび2g ･ liter-1 Gelriteを添加したMS培地に植え付け、35℃で24時間処理後、25℃16時間照明で40日間培養した。カルスおよび胚様体成立は、品種及び葯の採取時期により異なった。胚様体形成率は、平均気温が15から25℃であると9月と10月が最も高かった。カルスや胚様体はいずれの品種でも形成されたが、胚様体形成率は、'伏見甘長'と韓国の品種の'Cheongyang'が高く、カルス形成率は'シシトウ'と'カルフォルニアワンダー'が高かった。形成した胚様体をMS培地に移植すると、植物体に生長した。根端の染色体数は、調査した23個体のうち19個体が2n=x=12の半数体で、1個体が2n=2x=24の2倍体、3個体が20から23の染色体数で、異数体と考えられた。 kn-abstract=Embryoid and callus were regenerated from microspores of six cultivars of pepper (Capsisum annuum L.) by culture of anthers obtained from July to November. Anthers containing microspores at the uninucleate stage were planted in MS media supplemented with 0.004 mg ・liter-1 2,4-D, 0.1 mg ･liter-1 kinetin, 30 g ･ liter-1 sucrose and 2 g ･ liter-1 Gelrite, kept at 35℃　for 24h, and then incubated at 25℃ under 16h daylength for 40 days. Frequency of embryoid and callus formation varied with cultivars and period of initiation. Embryoid formation was more effective from September to October. A temperature of between 15 to 25℃　in the months of September and October was effective for higher embryoid formation. Even though embryoid and callus formation was obtained in all cultivars, the frequency of embryoid formation was higher in Cheongyang and Fushimi Amanaga, while callus formation was higher in Shishtou and California Wonder. Embryoid transferred to MS medium developed to plantlets, and were acclimatized. The number of chromosomes in the root tip cells was 12 (haploid) in 19 plants, 24 (diploid) in one plant and 20 to 23 (aneuploid) in 3 plants. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsubaraSachiko en-aut-sei=Matsubara en-aut-mei=Sachiko kn-aut-name=松原幸子 kn-aut-sei=松原 kn-aut-mei=幸子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoMasatoyo en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Masatoyo kn-aut-name=山本昌豊 kn-aut-sei=山本 kn-aut-mei=昌豊 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=JoMan Hyun en-aut-sei=Jo en-aut-mei=Man Hyun kn-aut-name=曺萬鉉 kn-aut-sei=曺 kn-aut-mei=萬鉉 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurakamiKenji en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=村上賢治 kn-aut-sei=村上 kn-aut-mei=賢治 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=pepper kn-keyword=pepper en-keyword=anther culture kn-keyword=anther culture en-keyword=embryoid kn-keyword=embryoid en-keyword=haploid kn-keyword=haploid END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=95 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=21 end-page=28 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2006 dt-pub=200602 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=ホウレンソウ雌性間性株における突然変異誘発ならびに低シュウ酸個体の選抜 kn-title=Mutagenesis in Gynomonoecious Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) Plants and Selection of Low Oxalate Variants en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=本実験では，ホウレンソウ雌性間性株における突然変異誘発ならびに低シュウ酸個体の選抜を試みた．種子照射の変異原としては，γ線と220MeV 12C kn-abstract=This study was conducted to evalute mutagenesis in gynomonoecious spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) plants for inducing low oxalate variants.Gamma-ray and ion beams of 220 MeV12C5+ and 50MeV 4He2+ ware used as mutagen in seed irradiation. Optimum dosages for irradiation were determined to be about 100Gy, 15-20Gy and 150-200Gy in gamma-ray, 12C5+ and 4He2+, respectively. In M2 generation, there was one line segregating albino seedlings, one line segregating xantha seedlings and two lines segregating dioesious spinach. To save on labor and time for analysis, selection of low oxalate variants in M2generation was conducted by a two-step selebtion which consisted of the first snalysis of bulked leaves from 2 plants as one specimen followed by the second analysis of selected individual plants. In the first analysis of 813 specimens, we selected 13 specimens as low and 9 specimens as high in oxalate content. In the second analysus, there was consistency in the distribution of low and high oxalate content corresponding to the first screening, indicating that selebtion of low oxalate variants could be achived by this two-step selebtion with half the labor and time for analysis as compares to non-bulked method. There were no clear differences in distribution of oxalate content between M3progenies of plants selected as low or high oxalate content, suggesting that the low oxalate content in plants isolated in M2generation was not of a genetic origin. From these results, it seems to be necessary to explore a variant with obvious deviation from the bontinuous variation of oxalate content in the M 2 generation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HataNaoki en-aut-sei=Hata en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name=畑直樹 kn-aut-sei=畑 kn-aut-mei=直樹 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurakamiKenji en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=村上賢治 kn-aut-sei=村上 kn-aut-mei=賢治 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaYuichi en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Yuichi kn-aut-name=吉田裕一 kn-aut-sei=吉田 kn-aut-mei=裕一 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasudaMasaharu en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Masaharu kn-aut-name=桝田正治 kn-aut-sei=桝田 kn-aut-mei=正治 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaAtsushi en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name=田中淳 kn-aut-sei=田中 kn-aut-mei=淳 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShikazonoNaoya en-aut-sei=Shikazono en-aut-mei=Naoya kn-aut-name=鹿園直哉 kn-aut-sei=鹿園 kn-aut-mei=直哉 aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaseYoshihiro en-aut-sei=Hase en-aut-mei=Yoshihiro kn-aut-name=長谷純宏 kn-aut-sei=長谷 kn-aut-mei=純宏 aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Radiation-Applied Biology Division, JAEA affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Radiation-Applied Biology Division, JAEA affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Radiation-Applied Biology Division, JAEA en-keyword=gamma-ray kn-keyword=gamma-ray en-keyword=ion beam kn-keyword=ion beam en-keyword=low oxalate kn-keyword=low oxalate en-keyword=mutation breeding kn-keyword=mutation breeding en-keyword=screening kn-keyword=screening END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=76 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=41 end-page=46 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2007 dt-pub=20070306 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=トマトの突然変異雄性不稔の部分稔性回復に及ぼす夜温の影響 kn-title=Partial Fertility Restoration as Affected by Night Temperature in a Season-dependent Male-sterile Mutant Tomato, Lycopersicon esculentum Mill en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=トマトの雄性不稔 T-4 の部分稔性回復に及ぼす夜温の影響について調査した．2001年10月～翌年 6 月の期間，最低気温10℃以上に維持し28℃換気のビニールハウス内において，順次開花してくる花について開花当日に自家人工授粉を行って着果率，有種子果率ならびに種子数を調査した．10月～2 月は，ほぼ100％着果し，10月に着果した果実は有種子果であり，11月～2 月に着果した果実は，その80％近くが無種子の単為結果であった．3 月以降，着果率が徐々に低下し 5 月では着果率が10％以下で単為結果はなかった．有種子果 1 果当たりの種子数は，10月には50粒に達することもあったが，11月以降の低温期には数粒となり，気温が上昇する 4 月～6 月には 1～20数粒であった．秋季ビニールハウスの最低夜温12℃と18℃下で人工授粉を行ったところ，着果率に差はなく，有種子果率は12℃で高く種子数も多かった．さらに，ビニールハウス内で育成した T-4 株を夜温12℃と24℃の人工気象器内に搬入して人工受粉し，10日後にハウス内に戻した．その結果，春季は両温度区ともほとんど着果しなかった．秋季は夜温12℃で約70％（24℃では46％）着果し，その50％（24℃では10％）は有種子果であった．1 果当たりの種子数は 7～9 粒で両温度区間に差はなかった．また，野生型花粉の人工受粉により1果実当たり50～180粒の種子が得られたことから，雄性不稔 T-4 には雌ずい側に問題はないことが示されトマト 2 系ライン F1 種子生産の種子親として利用できる可能性が示唆された． kn-abstract=This study was conducted to investigate the influence of night temperature on the restoration of fertility in a season-dependent male-sterile tomato mutant (T-4). Plants were grown in greenhouses, in which minimum and maximum temperatures were set at 10℃ and 28℃ by heating and ventilation, respectively. Flowers were hand-pollinated and the fruit-set, seed-set, and number of seeds were examined. The rate of fruit-set was high and did not differ much from October to February; almost all fruits formed in October had self-fertile seeds, but 80% of the fruits from November to February were parthenocarpic. The rate of fruit-set dropped from 70% in March to below 10% in May. During this period, most of the fruits were seeded, though fruit-set was low. The number of seeds per seeded fruit varied with the season, being as high as 50 seeds in October, 1-2 seeds per fruit between November and March, and 1-20 seeds per fruit between April and June. A low night temperature of 12℃ did not affect fruit-set but resulted in a better seed-set than a high night temperature of 18℃ in the greenhouse. Further, pollination of the plants in phytochambers also resulted in a better fruit- and seed-set at 12℃ than 24℃. In all cases, the influence of low temperature was more pronounced in autumn than in spring. Fruit-set was 70% at 12℃ and 46% at 24℃. Of these fruits, 50% at 12℃ and 10% at 24℃ were seeded. It was inferred that partial fertility restoration in T-4 can be achieved by manipulation of night temperatures. The female organ was shown to be normal, functional, and compatible with wild-type pollen. From these results, the potential of the male-sterile T-4 mutant for use in a two line hybrid-seed production system was apparent. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MasudaMasaharu en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Masaharu kn-aut-name=桝田正治 kn-aut-sei=桝田 kn-aut-mei=正治 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoKenji en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=加藤鎌司 kn-aut-sei=加藤 kn-aut-mei=鎌司 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurakamiKenji en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=村上賢治 kn-aut-sei=村上 kn-aut-mei=賢治 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraHiroshi en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=中村弘 kn-aut-sei=中村 kn-aut-mei=弘 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=OjiewoChristopher Ochieng kn-aut-sei=Ojiewo kn-aut-mei=Christopher Ochieng aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MasindePeter Wafula kn-aut-sei=Masinde kn-aut-mei=Peter Wafula aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学農学部 affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=ジョモケニヤッタ農工大学園芸学科 en-keyword=male-sterile mutant kn-keyword=male-sterile mutant en-keyword=night temperature kn-keyword=night temperature en-keyword=partial fertility kn-keyword=partial fertility en-keyword=omato hybrid-seed kn-keyword=omato hybrid-seed END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=101 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=19 end-page=24 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2012 dt-pub=20120201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Pericarp Characteristics of the F(1) Hybrid Medium-Fruited Tomato between the Male Sterile Mutant (T-4) of the Large-Fruited 'First' and a Small-Fruited Pure Line with Soft Pericarp kn-title=‘ファースト’雄性不稔突然変異体 (T -4) を種子親とした軟果皮中玉トマトF(1) 系統 (MS-II) の特性 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=薄皮果柔の中玉トマト品種育成を目的とし，‘ファースト’花粉非崩壊型雄性不稔系統 (T-4) を種子親，果皮の軟らかい小果固定系統 (S) を花粉親とするF(1)雑種 (MS-II) の特性について，両親系統および既存の中玉F(1)品種‘レッドオーレ’，‘フルティカ’のそれと比較した．両親系統と比較したところ，MS-IIの果実硬度は花粉親である軟果皮Sと同等となり，果皮硬度はSよりも低い値となった．3段摘心栽培において，MS-IIの果実硬度は第1段では2品種と差は無かったが，上位果房ほど両品種よりも低くなる傾向を示した．果皮硬度は，第1果房では‘レッドオーレ’よりも低く，‘フルティカ’よりも高かったが，上位果房ほど両品種よりも低い値となる傾向を示した．MS-IIの外果皮におけるクチクラ厚を測定したところ，‘フルティカ’と同等となり，‘レッドオーレ’よりも低かった．また，MS-IIのクチクラ層の発達程度が2品種よりも低いことが観察され，MS-IIの果皮硬度が2品種よりも低い傾向を示すのは，外果皮におけるクチクラ層の発達程度が低いためと推測された． kn-abstract=Breeding for a soft pericarp in medium-sized tomato fruit was conducted by crossing the male sterile mutant (T-4) of the large-fruited 'First' and a small-fruited pure line with a soft pericarp (S). Pericarp characteristics of the F(1) hybrid (named MS-II) were compared with the parents and two similar medium-fruited tomato cultivars, 'Red ore' and 'Frutica'. Pericarp firmness in MS-II was lower as compared with that of both T-4 and S. Differences in pericarp firmness among MS-II, 'Red ore' and 'Frutica' were dependent on truss. In the first truss, MS-II developed fruits with a softer pericarp than 'Red ore', but with a firmer pericarp than 'Frutica'. In the second and third trusses, pericarp firmness of the fruit in MS-II tended to be lower than those of the other two cultivars. The thickness of the exocarp cuticle in MS-II was lower than that in 'Red ore', but was no different to that in 'Frutica'. Thus genotypic differences in pericarp firmness among MS-II, 'Red ore' and 'Frutica' seem to be derived from differences in the degree of cutin development in the epidermal perimeter. A thinner cuticle can explain pericarp softness in the fruits above the second truss in MS-II. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ToyaJunko en-aut-sei=Toya en-aut-mei=Junko kn-aut-name=遠矢純子 kn-aut-sei=遠矢 kn-aut-mei=純子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasudaMasaharu en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Masaharu kn-aut-name=桝田正治 kn-aut-sei=桝田 kn-aut-mei=正治 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurakamiKenji en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=村上賢治 kn-aut-sei=村上 kn-aut-mei=賢治 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=（現）兵庫県光都農林水産振興事務所 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=cuticle kn-keyword=cuticle en-keyword=fruit firmness kn-keyword=fruit firmness en-keyword=pericarp firmness kn-keyword=pericarp firmness END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=77 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=9 end-page=15 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1991 dt-pub=1991 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=In Vitro Rooting and Multiple Buds Formation from Asparagus Lateral Buds with Ancymidol kn-title=アスパラガス側芽培養でのアンシミドールによる発根及び多芽体形成 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=アスパラガス側芽培養での発根促進と多芽体形成のための培地条件を検討した.供試材料として‘メリーワシントン500W’の播種後15-20日令植物の側芽を用いた.側芽を5μM ancymidolと5% ショ糖添加MS培地で2月間培養したところ,生存個体の90% が発根した.一方,3.9～39μM ancymido1と3% ショ糖添加MS培地で2月間培養後に多芽体が形成した11.7μM ancymidolでは生存個体の70% と最も高率に形成し,それからは12.7本の苗条が伸長したが,そのうちの一部分は水浸状であった.正常な植物体は,0.5～10μM ancymidolと5% ショ糖を添加したMS培地で2月間培養することにより得られ,特に5～10μMancymidol添加により植え付け外植体の約70%が正常個体となった.また,5～50μM ancymidolと5% ショ糖を添加したMS培地で2月間培養すると多芽体の形成が見られ,それらをMS培地に移植することにより苗条の伸長が見られた。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsubaraSachiko en-aut-sei=Matsubara en-aut-mei=Sachiko kn-aut-name=松原幸子 kn-aut-sei=松原 kn-aut-mei=幸子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasudaSeiji en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Seiji kn-aut-name=桝田正治 kn-aut-sei=桝田 kn-aut-mei=正治 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurakamiKenji en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=村上賢治 kn-aut-sei=村上 kn-aut-mei=賢治 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahashiKazuhisa en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Kazuhisa kn-aut-name=高橋和久 kn-aut-sei=高橋 kn-aut-mei=和久 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshikuraSatoshi en-aut-sei=Ishikura en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name=石倉聡 kn-aut-sei=石倉 kn-aut-mei=聡 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=多木化学 affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=広島県三次農業改良普及所 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=87 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=127 end-page=132 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1998 dt-pub=199802 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Somaclonal Variation in Plants Regenerated from Callus and Protoplasts of Taro cv. 'Yatsugashira' kn-title=サトイモの品種‘八頭’のカルスおよびプロトプラストから再生した植物にみられた体細胞突然変異 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=サトイモの品種'八頭'供試、カルスおよびプロトプラストから再生した植物の形成を調査した。無菌植物を暗黒下で培養した伸長させた黄化茎の切片を、30g･liter-1ショ糖、1mg･liter-1 2,4-D+ 1mg･liter-1 2ipおよび2g･liter-1ジェランガムを添加したMS培地で培養し、カルスを誘導した。黄化茎切片から形成した組織は、ほとんどが緑色の塊状であったが、一部黄白色の柔らかいカルスも形成された。この黄白色の柔らかいカルスを同組成の培地で継代培養して増殖させた。このカルスを振とう培養として懸濁細胞を形成し、それから、プロトプラストを単離した。緑色塊状組織、カルスおよびプロトプラストを、種々の濃度のNAAとBAを添加した培地で培養し、植物体の再生させた。'八頭'は、親芋から多くの菌条が伸長する性質を持っているが、緑色塊状組織から再生した植物4個体のうち2個体は、親芋から1本しか苗条が伸長しなかった。カルス由来の再生植物や、カルスから単離したプロトプラスト由来の再生植物は、元の'八頭'植物に比べて草丈が著しく低く、苗条数、葉数が多かった。 kn-abstract=Characters of plants regenerated from callus and protoplasts of taro (Colocasia esculenta Schott cv. Yatsugashira) were studied. Many green compact cell masses (calloid) and small number of yellow friable calli were formed by culturing segments of etiolated stem on Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium supplemented with 30 g･liter-1 sucrose, 1 mg･liter-1 2,4-D and 2ip. Friable calli were proliferated by subculturing on the same fresh medium, and then they were suspension-cultured in a liquid medium. Protoplasts were isolated from these suspension cells. Shoots were regenerated from calloids, friable calli and protoplast derived-calli by transferring them to MS medium supplemented with 30 g･liter-1 sucrose, 0~2 mg ･liter-1 NAA and 2 mg･liter-1 BA or 2 ip. These shoots formed roots after being transferred to basal MS media. Plantlets were acclimatized and grown in the field. Original 'Yatsugashira' formed many shoots from the main corm, whereas 2 of 4 plants regenerated from calloid formed a single shoot from the main corm. Plants regenerated from friable calli were dwarf type and grew slowly. plants regenerated from both friable calli and protoplasts formed larger number of shoots than original 'Yatsugashira'. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MurakamiKenji en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=村上賢治 kn-aut-sei=村上 kn-aut-mei=賢治 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiokaJunko en-aut-sei=Nishioka en-aut-mei=Junko kn-aut-name=西岡順子 kn-aut-sei=西岡 kn-aut-mei=順子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsubaraSachiko en-aut-sei=Matsubara en-aut-mei=Sachiko kn-aut-name=松原幸子 kn-aut-sei=松原 kn-aut-mei=幸子 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=taro kn-keyword=taro en-keyword=somaclonal variation kn-keyword=somaclonal variation en-keyword=callus kn-keyword=callus en-keyword=protoplast kn-keyword=protoplast END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=96 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=25 end-page=28 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2007 dt-pub=200702 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Varietal Difference in Distribution of Calcium Oxalate Crystal Idioblasts in Tissue of Taro (Colocasia esculenta Schott) kn-title=サトイモ（Colocasia esculenta Schott)　の組織中シュウ酸カルシウム結晶結晶密度における品種間差異 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=　The presence of calcium oxalate crystal in the petioles and corms is associated with acridity. In this study, varietal difference in the distribution of calcium oxalate crystal idioblasts in taro (Colocasia esculenta Schott) were investigated. Crystals of two forms were found: bundles of needle-like crystals (raphides) and aggregates of sand-like crystal (druses). Generally, the density of druse was higher than that of raphide, and there were few raphide idioblasts in the corm. The density of oxalate crystal was low in the edible petiole of cv. Yatsugashira and the edible corms of cvs. Yatsugashira, Akame-daikichi, Takenokoimo and Malaysia No. 1. There were few oxalate crystals in the cormels of all cultivars. There was no correlation between the density of oxalate crystal and the concentration of insoluble oxalate. These results suggest that the edible quality is not related to the insoluble oxalate concentration but to the density of oxalate crystal. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MurakamiKenji en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=村上賢治 kn-aut-sei=村上 kn-aut-mei=賢治 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=UedaKyoko en-aut-sei=Ueda en-aut-mei=Kyoko kn-aut-name=植田京子 kn-aut-sei=植田 kn-aut-mei=京子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=corm kn-keyword=corm en-keyword=druse kn-keyword=druse en-keyword=insoluble oxalate kn-keyword=insoluble oxalate en-keyword=petiole kn-keyword=petiole en-keyword=raphide kn-keyword=raphide END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=95 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=13 end-page=19 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2006 dt-pub=200602 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Morphological Character and Corm　Quality of Somatic Hybrid of Taro (Colocasia esculenta Schott) kn-title=サトイモ（colocasia esculenta Schott)の体細胞雑種の形態的特性および球茎品質 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=　Morphological character and quality of corm in somatic hybrid No.12 obtained by protoplast fusion between taro (Colocasia esulenta Schott) cvs. ‘Yatsugahira’and ‘Malaysisa No.4’were investigated. The number of shoot and leaf was smaller than those of ‘Yatsugashira’and was larger than ‘Malaysia No.4’. The length of leaf blade and petiole were shoeter than the two parents. The number of corm was smaller than the two parents. Generally, the shape of top was comoact as compared the two parents. The total weight of corms was about a half of that of ‘Yatsugashira’, and a thirs of that of ‘Malaysia No.4’. The weight of mother corm of somatic hybrid No.12 was 400-500g. The corm morphology of somatic hybrid No.12 was almost intermediate between the two parents. The upper surface of mother corm of somatic hybrid No.12 was smooth; it was much different from that of mother corm of ‘Yatsugashira’. Starch content of borm was similae to ‘Yatsugashira’and smaller than ‘Malaysia No.4’. Sugar and amino acid contents of somatic hybrid No.12 were higher than those of the two parents. Calcium oxalate content was to the parents. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MurakamiKenji en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=村上賢治 kn-aut-sei=村上 kn-aut-mei=賢治 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ObataSyougo en-aut-sei=Obata en-aut-mei=Syougo kn-aut-name=小幡正吾 kn-aut-sei=小幡 kn-aut-mei=正吾 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanoHitoshi en-aut-sei=Yano en-aut-mei=Hitoshi kn-aut-name=矢野仁士 kn-aut-sei=矢野 kn-aut-mei=仁士 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitaniKae en-aut-sei=Mitani en-aut-mei=Kae kn-aut-name=三谷香恵 kn-aut-sei=三谷 kn-aut-mei=香恵 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=amino acids kn-keyword=amino acids en-keyword=calcium oxalate kn-keyword=calcium oxalate en-keyword=protoplast fusion kn-keyword=protoplast fusion en-keyword=starch kn-keyword=starch en-keyword=sugar kn-keyword=sugar END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=85 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=23 end-page=30 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1996 dt-pub=19960201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Callus Formation and Plant Regeneration of Herbs in Perilla Family kn-title=シソ科ハーブ類のカルス培養および植物体再分化 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=ハーブの新しい植物育成のための細胞融合や遺伝子導入の基礎技術として、カルス培養の方法を検討した。材料として、カルス培養の為に、8品種のバジルおよび6種類のシソ科ハーブを用いて実験した。得られた結果は次の様であった。1:植物ホルモンの効果　カルスは、無菌実生の胚軸および子葉をMS培地に0.1mg/ℓの2,4-DとBAを添加した培地で培養することにより効果的に形成され、また同じ組成の培地または3mg/ℓ 2,4-Dと0.1mg/ℓ BA添加培地継代することにより高い増殖率を示したが、植物体は再分化しなかった。植物体の再分化は上記の材料を0.1mg/ℓ　のNAAと0.1または1.0mg/ℓのBAを添加した培地で培養することにより、カルスおよび不定根または不定芽を再分化することができたが、カルス形成は2,4-D添加培地に及ばさなかった。培地添加サイトカイニンとしては、カルス形成のためには2ipが大きなカルスを形成したが、植物体の再分化のためにはBAしか効果がなかった。2:植え付け外植体の差　無菌培養した実生の発芽1から3週間後の胚軸を外植体とした時、カルス形成には大きな差は見られなかった。無菌実生の1週間後の胚軸、根、子葉を外植体とした時、子葉が最も重いカルス形成し、次いて胚軸であった。3:8品種のバジルのカルス形成と不定芽再生2,4-Dと2ip添加培地でカルスの形成が最もよかったのはレタスバジルで次いでアニスバジル、レモンバジル、プッシュバジル、スイートバジル、パープルラフレスバジル、ダークオパールバジル、シナモンバジルの順で、レタスバジルはシナモンバジルの3.3倍の重さがあった。NAAとBA添加培地では、カルスはいずれの品種でも形成されたが、不定芽が再生されたのはスイートバジル、ダークオパールバジル、ブッシュバジルであった。4:6種のシソ科ハーブのカルス形成いずれの種類もカルスは形成されたが、スイートバジルに比較して生体重は軽く、アカジソがかろうじて匹敵するくらいで、アオジソ、レモンバーム、ペパーミント、スイートマジョラムの順に軽くなり、特にスイートマジョラムは形成外植体率も低かった。　 kn-abstract=Effective methods of callus culture of herbs were studied to establish basic techniques for cell fusion and gene engineering. Eight basil cultivars, five species of Perilla family and a sweet basil were used, and following results were obtained. 1: Effects of phytohormones on callus formation. Callus formed effectively from hypocotyls and cotyledons of sterile seedlings cultured on MS medium supplemented with 0.1mg/12,4-D and BA. Plantlets succeeded in regenerating from callus cultured on MS medium supplemented with 0.1mg/I NAA and BA, but callus formation on a similar medium was inferior to that on MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D and BA. Callus formed best on MS medium supplemented with 2ip, among other cytokinins, but only BA actually induced regeneration of plantlets from callus. 2: Effects of age and different organs of explants on callus formation. Callus with similar weight formed from hypocotyls of young seedlings about 1-3 weeks after germination. The heaviest callus formed from cotyledons, followed by hypocotyls and roots. 3: Callus formation and regeneration of adventitious buds in eight basil cultivars. Calli formed cotyledons of lettuce basil, Anise basil, lemon basil, bush basil, sweet basil, purple raffles basil, dasil opal basil and cinnamon basil, in descending orderof weight, on MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D and 2ip. Callus from lettuce basil was three times as heavy as that from cinnamon basil. Callus formed on MS medium supplemented NAA and BA from cotyledone of all cultivars, but adventitious buds regenerated only from sweet basil, dark opal basil and bush basil. 4: Callus formation from six Perilla herbs. Callus fromed from hypocotyls and cotyledons of sweet basil, red perilla, green perilla, lemon balm, peppermint and sweet majoram in descending order of weight. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsubaraSachiko en-aut-sei=Matsubara en-aut-mei=Sachiko kn-aut-name=松原幸子 kn-aut-sei=松原 kn-aut-mei=幸子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=InoMasato en-aut-sei=Ino en-aut-mei=Masato kn-aut-name=猪雅人 kn-aut-sei=猪 kn-aut-mei=雅人 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurakamiKenji en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=村上賢治 kn-aut-sei=村上 kn-aut-mei=賢治 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KamadaMayumi en-aut-sei=Kamada en-aut-mei=Mayumi kn-aut-name=鎌田真由美 kn-aut-sei=鎌田 kn-aut-mei=真由美 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshiharaIzumi en-aut-sei=Ishihara en-aut-mei=Izumi kn-aut-name=石原泉 kn-aut-sei=石原 kn-aut-mei=泉 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=callus culture kn-keyword=callus culture en-keyword=plant regeneration kn-keyword=plant regeneration en-keyword=Perilla family kn-keyword=Perilla family en-keyword=phytohormone kn-keyword=phytohormone en-keyword=sweet basil kn-keyword=sweet basil END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=94 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=25 end-page=29 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=20050201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Growth Characters and Genetic Inheritance in Tomato cv. 'First' Musant with Short Internodes Induced by Seed Irradiation with Ion Beam kn-title=トマト‘ファースト’種子へのイオンビーム照射によって誘発された短節茎突然変異体の生育肥大特性と遺伝様式 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Tomato(Lycopersicon esculentum L.) cv. 'First' mutants with short internodes grew vigorously. The number of leaves slightly increased and the shape of the leaves was similar to wild type. In inflorescence morphology, the number of flowers increased and the length of peduncle and pedicel were shorter. In fruit characteristics, weight per fruit, total yield, sugar and acid contents were similar to wild type. But a lot of malformed fruit set was observed in the mutant line, due to the number of locules and short length of the peduncle and pedisel. The segregation ratio of the short internodes character fitted 3:1 of normal:short ,hence it was considered to be contralled by a single pair of recessive genes. Allelism with alresdy known dwart gene was examined by crossing with 'Alisa Craig', which had a symbolized dwart gene, br or bu. Thereby, it was revealed that bu and short internodes gene ware in the same gene locus. This mutant line has no negative effect on plant growth and fruit yield, but was unsuitable for use as fresh fruit by reason of malformed fruits. These results indicated the possibility of breeding of a new cultivar with bu gene derived from 'First'. Since the mutant with short internodes is derived from 'First', which is already a commercial variety with excellent characteristics, raising a new commercial variety with short internodes trait may not take a long time. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MasudaMasaharu en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Masaharu kn-aut-name=桝田正治 kn-aut-sei=桝田 kn-aut-mei=正治 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YuasaToshihiko en-aut-sei=Yuasa en-aut-mei=Toshihiko kn-aut-name=湯浅寿彦 kn-aut-sei=湯浅 kn-aut-mei=寿彦 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurakamiKenji en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=村上賢治 kn-aut-sei=村上 kn-aut-mei=賢治 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=bu gene kn-keyword=bu gene en-keyword=ion beam kn-keyword=ion beam en-keyword=mutant kn-keyword=mutant en-keyword=short internodes kn-keyword=short internodes en-keyword=tomato kn-keyword=tomato END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=31 end-page=36 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1992 dt-pub=1992 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Selection of Salt-tolerant Callus from Eggplant Hypocotyl kn-title=ナスの胚軸からの耐塩性カルスの選抜 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=ナスの胚軸の切片を種々の濃度のNaClを添加した培地に植え付けて培養した.0.2% NaCl添加培地において,カルスの生体重は,NaCl無添加培地の2分の1になった(Fig.1).1.0% 以上のNaCl濃度では,カルスは全く形成されなかった.そこで,0.8% NaCl添加培地で形成したカルスを,その後のカルス選抜に用いた.0.8% NaCl添加培地で2年間継代培養すると,活発に増殖するカルスが得られた(これをC-0.8とする).さらに,0.8% NaCl添加培地で形成したカルスを1.0,1.2,1.4,1.6とNaCl濃度を上げた培地に順次継代し,1.6% NaCl添加培地でも生存するカルスを作出した(これをC-1.6とする).対照とするカルスには,NaClを含まない培地で2年間継代培養したものを用いた(これをC-0とする). カルスの色は,C-0は白色であったが,C-0.8およびC-1.6は緑色であった.カルスのかたさは,C-0.8はC-0よりやわらかく,C-1.6はC-0よりかたかった.カルスの乾物率は,C-0とC-0.8は差がなかったが,C-1.6は高かった(Table1).0.8% NaCl添加培地では,C-0の増殖は著しく抑制されたが,C-0.8およびC-1.6の増殖はわずかに抑制されたのみであった(Table2). カルスの耐塩性の安定性を調べるため,C-0.8およびC-1.6を60日間NaCl無添加培地に移殖し培養した後,0.8% および1.6% NaCl添加培地にそれぞれ戻した.60日間NaCl無添加培地で培養後も,C-0.8は耐塩性を示したが(Table3),C-1.6の耐塩性は失われた(Table4). 不定芽は,C-0.8を1.0mg/literBAを添加したNaCl無添加培地に移植すると再生した.本実験の結果,ナスのカルスを0.8% NaCl添加培地で継代培養することにより,耐塩性カルスが得られることが分かった。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MurakamiKenji en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=村上賢治 kn-aut-sei=村上 kn-aut-mei=賢治 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsubaraSachiko en-aut-sei=Matsubara en-aut-mei=Sachiko kn-aut-name=松原幸子 kn-aut-sei=松原 kn-aut-mei=幸子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=ナス kn-keyword=ナス en-keyword=胚軸 kn-keyword=胚軸 en-keyword=耐塩性カルス kn-keyword=耐塩性カルス END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=84 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=13 end-page=16 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19950201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Embryoid and Callus Formation from Eggplant Microspores by Cultrre of Anthers Treated with High and Low Temperatures kn-title=ナスの葯培養によるカルス及び胚様体形成に及ぼす温度処理の影響 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=ナス（品種’早生真黒’）を供試し、葯培養におけるカルス及び杯様体形成を高めるために高温処理を試みた。培地はMS培地に2,4-Dとkinetinをそれぞれ0.02mg/ℓ、ショ糖を3％、Gelriteを0.2％添加したものとした。葯は11月上旬に採取したものを用いた。カルス形成率は対照では14％であったのに対し、葯置床後35℃で48時間の高温処理を行った場合は28％と約2倍まで向上した。また胚様体は高温処理区のみで得られた。また、夏期に同様の品種、培地を用いて花蕾に対する低温処理（4℃-0,5,10日）の効果について検討した。低温処理の効果は認められず、カルス形成葯率は処理日数が長くなるにつれて低下した。また胚様体はいずれの区でも形成されなかった。 kn-abstract=Anthers containing uninucleate microspores of eggplant cv.'Wase-Shinkuro' were cultured on MS supplemented with 0.02mg/1 2,4-D and kinetin,3% sucrose and 0.2% Gelrite with high and low temprerature treatments to increase number of haploids,in early August and September and on November 4,1992.Anthers plated were kept heated at 35℃ for 48h in early November,and callus and embryoid were formed from microspores.The frequency of anthers foming callus was as high as 28% in treated anthers,but 14% in non-treated ones.Embryoids were obtained only in treated anthers,and the frequency of anthers forming embryoid was 5.1%.On the other hand,low temprerature pretreatments at 4℃ for 0,5 or 10days to flower buds in summer season were ineffective for embryoid formation and inhibitory for callus formation with treatement for langer periods. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TokumoKenji en-aut-sei=Tokumo en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=徳毛謙治 kn-aut-sei=徳毛 kn-aut-mei=謙治 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurakamiKenji en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=村上賢治 kn-aut-sei=村上 kn-aut-mei=賢治 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsubaraSachiko en-aut-sei=Matsubara en-aut-mei=Sachiko kn-aut-name=松原幸子 kn-aut-sei=松原 kn-aut-mei=幸子 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=eggplant kn-keyword=eggplant en-keyword=anther culture kn-keyword=anther culture en-keyword=temperature treatments kn-keyword=temperature treatments en-keyword=callus formation kn-keyword=callus formation en-keyword=embryoid formation kn-keyword=embryoid formation END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=75 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=9 end-page=13 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1990 dt-pub=1990 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Production and Proliferation of Bulbs from Receptacles of Virus Free Garlic Plant kn-title=ニンニクのウイルス・フリー株の生産性及び花床培養による増殖 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=ニンニクの茎頂培養によるウィルスフリー株の育成を試み,フリー株と罹病株の球の生産性の比較を行った.またフリー株の増殖を目的とした花床培養を試みた.生産性の比較:茎頂培養により育成したウィルスフリー株からの球根と,罹病株からの球根を,圃場に植え付け翌年6月に掘り上げて球の収量を比較した.フリー株の球重は罹病株に比較して1.4倍,球数は1.2倍となった.抽台茎上の花床に形成された珠芽も多かった.花床培養:花床を8分割して培養したところ,NAAを添加したMS基本培地に植え付けた区で正常な苗条が再生し,特に0.1mg・l-1NAA添加区で苗条の再生数が多く,それらをホルモン無添加培地に移植することにより球となった.1花床から約40球が再生された。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsubaraSachiko en-aut-sei=Matsubara en-aut-mei=Sachiko kn-aut-name=松原幸子 kn-aut-sei=松原 kn-aut-mei=幸子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ChenDzen en-aut-sei=Chen en-aut-mei=Dzen kn-aut-name=陳典 kn-aut-sei=陳 kn-aut-mei=典 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasudaMasaharu en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Masaharu kn-aut-name=桝田正治 kn-aut-sei=桝田 kn-aut-mei=正治 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurakamiKenji en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=村上賢治 kn-aut-sei=村上 kn-aut-mei=賢治 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=中国東北農学院 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=102 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=21 end-page=28 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2013 dt-pub=20130201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Incidence of Blossom-end Rot in Relation to Water-soluble Ca Concentration in Tomato Fruits as Affected by Ca Nutrition under Root Restriction kn-title=培養液中Ca濃度が根域制限栽培したトマト果実の 水溶性Ca濃度と尻腐れ果発生に及ぼす影響 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=根域制限下におけるトマトの養分吸収を調査した結果，培養液中Caの多くは排液とともに排出され，Ｎに対するCaの吸収比率は園試処方やHoagland処方中の比率の50%以下であった．そこで，園試処方培養液中のCa(NO3)2･4H2Oの一部をNH4NO3に置換してCa濃度１，２，４ﾋの培養液を作成し，日射比例給液制御下で ‘ハウス桃太郎’の根城制限栽培（培地容量250，500 ㎖）を行った．培養液のCa濃度が１ﾋであっても排液中のCa濃度が２ﾋよりも高く推移したが，Ca吸収量は極めて少なく，著しいCa欠乏症状が現れた．低Ca濃度区では尻腐れ果が多発し，１ﾋ区では第３果房より上段の果実は全て尻腐れ果となり，第９果房までの収量は２ﾋ区，１ﾋ区でそれぞれ４ﾋ区の50%，36%に低下した．腋芽茎中のCa濃度の低下は0.6N-NaCl可溶性画分や0.6N-HCl可溶性画分と比較して水溶性画分の低下が著しかった．そこで，Ca濃度が１～４ﾋの培養液を用いて点滴栽培を行い，果実中のCa濃度を分画して定量した．果実頂部のCa濃度はいずれの画分においても培養液中Ca濃度が低いほど低く，開花から尻腐れ症状が発生するまでの日数も短くなった．尻腐れ果発生率と果頂部の水溶性Ca濃度との間にのみ有意な負の相関が認められた．以上のことから，果実の水溶性Ca濃度がトマトの尻腐れ果発生リスクの大小に大きくかかわっており，植物体の水溶性Ca濃度測定は尻腐れ果発生防止のためのCa栄養診断に応用できる可能性が高いと考えられる． kn-abstract=The rate of absorbed Ca to N was less than half of Enshi or Hoagland solution in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum Mill.) grown with restricted root zone volume in previous experiments. Tomato plants were grown in plastic pots containing 250 or 500ml of peat based medium with modified Enshi solutions containing 1, 2 or 4mM of Ca. The solutions were prepared by replacing a part of Ca(NO3)2・4H2O to NH4NO3. Although Ca concentration was higher than 2mM in drainage collected from plants supplied 1mM Ca solution, absorbed amount of Ca was very small and severe symptom of Ca deficiency was observed. Incidence of blossom-end rot (BER) increased with decrease in Ca concentration of the solution and yield decreased to 50% and 36% of 4mM control, in 2mM and 1mM plots, respectively. Among fractionated Ca in stem of lateral shoot, decrease in water-soluble fraction was remarkable compared to 1N NaCl- or 0.6N HCl-soluble fractions. Tomato plants were then grown with modified solutions containing 1~4mM of Ca and fractionated Ca was determined for distal half of fruits. With decrease in solution Ca, fruit Ca decreased in all fractions, and days to BER incidence after flowering also decreased. Significant relationship was found only between the water-soluble Ca concentration in fruit tissue and rate of BER incidence. Thus water-soluble Ca in tomato fruit may closely relate to BER incidence, and an efficient tool to estimate the potential risk of BER may possibly be developed by determining the Ca fraction in the stem of lateral shoots. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YoshidaYuichi en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Yuichi kn-aut-name=吉田裕一 kn-aut-sei=吉田 kn-aut-mei=裕一 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShingaiAya en-aut-sei=Shingai en-aut-mei=Aya kn-aut-name=新開礼 kn-aut-sei=新開 kn-aut-mei=礼 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OoyamaMitsuo en-aut-sei=Ooyama en-aut-mei=Mitsuo kn-aut-name=大山光男 kn-aut-sei=大山 kn-aut-mei=光男 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurakamiKenji en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=村上賢治 kn-aut-sei=村上 kn-aut-mei=賢治 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=GotoTanjuro en-aut-sei=Goto en-aut-mei=Tanjuro kn-aut-name=後藤丹十郎 kn-aut-sei=後藤 kn-aut-mei=丹十郎 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=BER kn-keyword=BER en-keyword=Ca absorption kn-keyword=Ca absorption en-keyword=Ca fractions kn-keyword=Ca fractions en-keyword=dripfertigation kn-keyword=dripfertigation en-keyword=Enshi solution kn-keyword=Enshi solution END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=102 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=15 end-page=20 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2013 dt-pub=20130201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Effect of Supplied Amount and Strength of Nutrient Solution on Growth, Yield, and Fruit Quality of Strawberry ‘Saga-honoka’ Grown with Sufficiently Elevated CO2 kn-title=培養液濃度と施用量が高CO2濃度条件下で育てたイチゴ‘さがほのか’の生育・収量と果実品質に及ぼす影響 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=イチゴ‘さがほのか’を用いて，高CO2濃度条件下(日中800～2500ppm)での栽培における培養液濃度と施用量の影響について検討した．培養液は排液率20%を目標に，大塚Ａ処方を30～50%濃度で適宜変更する慣行区を標準として，濃度をその1.2倍，0.8倍とする高濃度区と低濃度区，さらに低濃度区においては，給液量を1.2倍(排液率35%)とする低濃度多量区を設け，計４処理区とした．排液率20%を目標とした低濃度培養液管理では，12月以降の排液中NO3-Nは検出限界以下であり，栽培期間を通して養分が不足しがちであった．また，全Ｎ施用量も他の３処理区と比較すると少なくなり，１月以降の葉面積が小さくなった．収量・果実品質においては処理区間で有意な差は認められなかったが，チップバーン発生率は，高濃度区で高く，低濃度多量区の発生率が最も低かった．低濃度多量区では，葉面積も大きくなったことから，‘さがほのか’においては，排液率30～40%，排液EC50～60mS・m-1を目標とした低濃度での培養液管理が望ましいといえる． kn-abstract=The effects of supplied amount and strength of nutrient solution were investigated for strawberry (Fragaria×ananassa Duch. cv. Saga-honoka) grown with peat bags in elevated CO2 environment (800-2500 ppm in the day time, November 4 to April 7). Three strengths (L : low-80%, M : standard-100% and H : high-120%) of nutrient solution (N : 8.85, P : 0.85, K : 3.90, Ca : 2.05, Mg : 0.93 mM ; half strength of Ohtsuka A solution) were compared. Around 20% of discharged rate (discharged/supplied amount of nutrient solution) was kept for these 3 plots and 30 to 40% of the rate was kept for additional plot of 80%-solution (L2) by altering the supplied amount of 80%-solution. As almost no nitrate could be detected in drainage of L, nutrient supply was probably insufficient throughout the experiment. Total amount of nitrogen supply was lower than the other 3 plots and leaf area was the smallest after December. Although there was no significant difference in yield and fruit quality, the rate of tip burn affected flowers was lowest in L2 and highest in H. Thus, around 30-40% of drainage rate and 50-60 mS・m−1 of drainage EC may be desirable target values for ‘Saga-honoka’ strawberry grown with peat based substrate. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=InazumiDaichi en-aut-sei=Inazumi en-aut-mei=Daichi kn-aut-name=稲角大地 kn-aut-sei=稲角 kn-aut-mei=大地 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaYuichi en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Yuichi kn-aut-name=吉田裕一 kn-aut-sei=吉田 kn-aut-mei=裕一 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=GotoTanjuro en-aut-sei=Goto en-aut-mei=Tanjuro kn-aut-name=後藤丹十郎 kn-aut-sei=後藤 kn-aut-mei=丹十郎 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurakamiKenji en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=村上賢治 kn-aut-sei=村上 kn-aut-mei=賢治 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=nutrient absorption kn-keyword=nutrient absorption en-keyword=tipburn kn-keyword=tipburn en-keyword=titratable acid kn-keyword=titratable acid en-keyword=total soluble solid kn-keyword=total soluble solid END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=98 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=23 end-page=29 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2009 dt-pub=200902 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Large-fruited Tomato Production as Affected by Root-zone Extension and Wick Addition During Cultivation in a Capillary Wick System kn-title=大玉トマトの防根給水ひも栽培における生育途中の根域拡張と「ひも」適用が果実生産に及ぼす影響 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=「防根給水ひも」を利用した底面給水法が大玉トマト生産に適用可能かどうかを検討した．2006年秋ﾝ冬季の実験では，培地量がトマトの生育と収量に及ぼす影響について調査した．大玉トマトを終始1stBox（＝2.8ℓ･plant－1）で栽培する処理区と７段花房開花時に2ndBox（＝2.8ℓ）に培地を追加し，最終的に１stBox + 2ndBox（＝5.6ℓ･plant－1）で栽培する処理区を比較した結果，培地量を２倍にし，根域を拡張した処理区の収量が高くなった．2007年春ﾝ夏季の実験では根域拡張および「ひも」適用本数の増加によりトマトの生育収量を改善出来るかを検討するため，終始 1stBox，「ひも」1本で栽培する区，4段花房開花時に培地を追加し最終的に1stBox + 2ndBoxで栽培するが，そこには「ひも」は配さない区，培地を加えると同時に「ひも」を配する区の3区でトマトを栽培した．その結果，1stBox + 2ndBox，「ひも」2本で栽培したトマトが最も収量が高かった．培地追加時に「ひも」を配することで水輸送量が増大した事が収量増加に繋がったものと考えられた．以上の結果より，生育途中で培地量を増やすと同時に，もう1本の「ひも」を配置して大塚A処方1/2濃度で終始管理すれば，生育中期にK欠乏と思しき葉縁の黄変が見られるものの，尻腐れ果実のほとんど発生しない安定したトマト生産が可能であるといえる． kn-abstract=This study was conducted to investigate the possibility to use capillary wick system in large-fruited tomato production. The first experiment in the autumn-winter season of 2006 was carried out to investigate the effects of the amount of substrate on growth and yield of tomato. Treatments involved growing large-fruited tomato in one box (2.8ℓ/plant) continuously, or adding substrate at flowering of the 7th truss in a 2nd box (5.6ℓ/plant). Fruit yield was higher when the root-zone was extended with double the substrate volume. The second experiment in spring-summer season of 2007 was aimed at improving growth and yield of tomato by extension of root-zone and addition of wick. Tomato plants were either grown in one box with one wick continuously, or with addition of substrate in a 2nd box at flowering of the 4th truss. Additionally, one more wick was inserted into 50% of the 2nd boxes. Half of the plants were grown in two boxes with one wick, and the other half with two wicks. Higher yield was obtained from the plants grown in two boxes with two wicks, suggesting that fruit yield was increased by increasing water transport through wick addition coupled with root-zone extension. Plant growth and fruit yield of large-fruited tomato was stable without blossom-end rot when root-zone was extended and half strength of Ohtsuka-A nutrient solution supplied through the capillary wick system. There was, however, a slight sign of physiological disorder at the leaf margins similar to potassium deficiency. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MorishigeAyuki en-aut-sei=Morishige en-aut-mei=Ayuki kn-aut-name=森重歩己 kn-aut-sei=森重 kn-aut-mei=歩己 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasudaMasaharu en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Masaharu kn-aut-name=桝田正治 kn-aut-sei=桝田 kn-aut-mei=正治 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurakamiKenji en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=村上賢治 kn-aut-sei=村上 kn-aut-mei=賢治 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=応用植物科学コース affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=応用植物科学コース affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=応用植物科学コース en-keyword=root-proof capillary wick kn-keyword=root-proof capillary wick en-keyword=large-fruited tomato kn-keyword=large-fruited tomato en-keyword=substrate volume kn-keyword=substrate volume END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=87 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=123 end-page=126 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1998 dt-pub=199802 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Morphological Characters and Yields of Regenerated Plants from Callus Cultured for Long Period in Taro kn-title=長期間培養したサトイモのカルスから再生した植物の形態および収量 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=サトイモの品種'えぐいも'を供試し、長時間培養したカルスから再生した植物の収量と、形態について調べた。黄化茎切片を2mg･liter-1 liter-1 2ipを添加した基本培地で培養し、カルスを形成させた。カルスは約1ヵ月ごとに同組成の新しい培地に継代培養して増殖・維持した。初代培養から通算して10ヵ月または15ヵ月培養後、カルスをホルモン無添加のMS培地に移植し、再生した植物を順化した。これからの植物から繁殖した球茎を、翌年植え付けて栽培し、収量などの調査を行った。その結果、長期間培養したカルスから再生した植物は、元の’えぐいも’植物と比較して収量が低かった。また、15ヵ月間培養したカルスから再生した系統は、葉身が丸く、丸い球茎を形成した。 kn-abstract=Characters of plants regenerated from calli cultured for long period in taro (Colocasia esculenta Schott cv. Eguimo) were studied. Calli were obtained by culturing etiolated stem segments on Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium supplemented with 30 g･liter-1 sucrose, 2 me･liter-1 NAA and 2 me･liter-1 2 ip. They were proliferated by subculturing on the same fresh medium for 10 or 15 months from initial planting. Plants regenerated after transferring them to hormone-free MS mediium. The yield of corms from plants regenerated from callus was lower than those of original 'Eguimo' (control). Leaf blade of plants regenerated from callus for 15 months (C-15) was more round than that of control plants. Corm shape of C-15 plants was more round than that of control plants. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MurakamiKenji en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=村上賢治 kn-aut-sei=村上 kn-aut-mei=賢治 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsubaraSachiko en-aut-sei=Matsubara en-aut-mei=Sachiko kn-aut-name=松原幸子 kn-aut-sei=松原 kn-aut-mei=幸子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=taro kn-keyword=taro en-keyword=callus kn-keyword=callus en-keyword=long-term culture kn-keyword=long-term culture en-keyword=regenerated plants kn-keyword=regenerated plants END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=101 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=49 end-page=64 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2012 dt-pub=20120201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Application of continuous light in a plant factory system 4. Physiological changes and concept of injury induction in plant leaves under continuous light kn-title=閉鎖型植物工場における連続光の利用（第4報）連続光下における植物の生理学的変化ならびに障害誘発の概念 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Physiological changes and concept of injury induction occurring under continuous light are comprehensively reviewed. Continuous light usually reduces photosynthetic rate, which may relate to changes in transpiration and leaf necrosis caused by reactive oxygen species. Other factors apart from photosynthesis may also affect leaf injuries occurring under continuous light. Continuous light sometimes increases carbohydrate and some secondary metabolite contents. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HataNaoki en-aut-sei=Hata en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name=畑直樹 kn-aut-sei=畑 kn-aut-mei=直樹 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasudaMasaharu en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Masaharu kn-aut-name=桝田正治 kn-aut-sei=桝田 kn-aut-mei=正治 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurakamiKenji en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=村上賢治 kn-aut-sei=村上 kn-aut-mei=賢治 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KobayashiAkio en-aut-sei=Kobayashi en-aut-mei=Akio kn-aut-name=小林昭雄 kn-aut-sei=小林 kn-aut-mei=昭雄 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=大阪大学大学院工学研究科 en-keyword=carbohydrates kn-keyword=carbohydrates en-keyword=circadian rhythm kn-keyword=circadian rhythm en-keyword=ethylene kn-keyword=ethylene en-keyword=photosynthesis kn-keyword=photosynthesis en-keyword=reactive oxygen species kn-keyword=reactive oxygen species en-keyword=secondary metabolites kn-keyword=secondary metabolites END