start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=8
cd-vols=
no-issue=4
article-no=
start-page=e1088
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2023
dt-pub=2023
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Decreased expression of hyaluronan synthase and loss of hyaluronan-rich cells in the anterior tibial fascia of the rat model of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Introduction: Previous studies on chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) have focused on neuronal damage. Although some studies have revealed that the fascia is an important sensory organ, currently, we do not know about chemotherapy drug-induced fascial dysfunction.
Objectives: This study aimed to explore the fascia as a nonneural cause of mechanical hypersensitivity in CIPN by investigating the expression of hyaluronic acid synthase (HAS) and histology of the fascia in an animal model of CIPN.
Methods: Rats were intraperitoneally administered with vincristine (VCR). Mechanical hypersensitivities of the hind paw and the anterior tibial muscle were assessed. The expression of HAS mRNA in the fascia of the anterior tibial muscles was quantitated using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Immunohistochemistry was also performed for HAS2, hyaluronic acid-binding protein, and S100A4 in the fascia.
Results: Vincristine administration significantly decreased mechanical withdrawal thresholds in the hind paw and the anterior tibial muscle after day 3. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction showed significant downregulation of HAS mRNAs in the fascia of VCR-treated rats. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that the number of cells with strong HAS2 immunoreactivity, classified as fasciacytes by morphology and colocalized marker S100A4, decreased significantly in the VCR group.
Conclusion:Hyaluronic acid plays a critical role in somatic pain sensation. Damaged fascia could be a possible cause of musculoskeletal pain in patients with CIPN. This study suggests that fascia is a nonneural cause and novel therapeutic target for chemotherapy-induced "peripheral neuropathy."
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=
en-aut-name=WangRuilin
en-aut-sei=Wang
en-aut-mei=Ruilin
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=
en-aut-name=MatsuokaYoshikazu
en-aut-sei=Matsuoka
en-aut-mei=Yoshikazu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=
en-aut-name=SueNobutaka
en-aut-sei=Sue
en-aut-mei=Nobutaka
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=
en-aut-name=NakatsukaKosuke
en-aut-sei=Nakatsuka
en-aut-mei=Kosuke
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=
en-aut-name=TsuboiChika
en-aut-sei=Tsuboi
en-aut-mei=Chika
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=
en-aut-name=MorimatsuHiroshi
en-aut-sei=Morimatsu
en-aut-mei=Hiroshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=
affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy
kn-keyword=Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy
en-keyword=Fascia
kn-keyword=Fascia
en-keyword=Fasciacyte
kn-keyword=Fasciacyte
en-keyword=Hyaluronic acid
kn-keyword=Hyaluronic acid
en-keyword=Musculoskeletal pain
kn-keyword=Musculoskeletal pain
en-keyword=Neuropathic pain
kn-keyword=Neuropathic pain
END
start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=7
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=16
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2021
dt-pub=20210210
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Two cases of intraoperative hemodynamic instability during combined thoracoscopic-laparoscopic surgery for esophagogastric junction carcinoma
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Background
Intraoperative complications during combined thoracoscopic-laparoscopic surgery for esophagogastric junction (EGJ) carcinoma have not been reported as compared to those during surgery for esophageal carcinoma. We present two cases which had surgery-related hemodynamic instability during laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy and intra-mediastinal valvuloplastic esophagogastrostomy (vEG) with thoracoscopic mediastinal lymphadenectomy for EGJ carcinoma.
Case presentation
In case 1, the patient fell into hypotension with hypoxemia during laparoscopic vEG due to pneumothorax caused by entry of intraabdominal carbon dioxide. In case 2, ventricular arrythmia and ST elevation occurred during laparoscopic vEG. Pericardium retraction to secure surgical field during reconstruction compressed the coronary artery, which caused coronary malperfusion. These two events were induced by the surgical procedure, characterized by the following: (1) connection of the thoracic and abdominal cavities and (2) cardiac displacement during vEG.
Conclusion
These cases indicated tension pneumothorax and coronary ischemia are possible intraoperative complications specific to combined thoracoscopic-laparoscopic surgery for EGJ carcinoma.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=
en-aut-name=TaniMakiko
en-aut-sei=Tani
en-aut-mei=Makiko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=
en-aut-name=MatsuokaYoshikazu
en-aut-sei=Matsuoka
en-aut-mei=Yoshikazu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=
en-aut-name=SugiharaMayu
en-aut-sei=Sugihara
en-aut-mei=Mayu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=
en-aut-name=FujiiAyaka
en-aut-sei=Fujii
en-aut-mei=Ayaka
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=
en-aut-name=KanazawaTomoyuki
en-aut-sei=Kanazawa
en-aut-mei=Tomoyuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=
en-aut-name=MorimatsuHiroshi
en-aut-sei=Morimatsu
en-aut-mei=Hiroshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=
affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=
affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=
affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=
affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=
affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=
affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Esophagogastric junction carcinoma
kn-keyword=Esophagogastric junction carcinoma
en-keyword=Intra-mediastinal valvuloplastic esophagogastrostomy
kn-keyword=Intra-mediastinal valvuloplastic esophagogastrostomy
en-keyword=Hemodynamic instability
kn-keyword=Hemodynamic instability
en-keyword=Tension pneumothorax
kn-keyword=Tension pneumothorax
en-keyword=Anesthetic management
kn-keyword=Anesthetic management
END
start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=5
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=77
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2019
dt-pub=20191125
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Anesthetic management of a patient with sodium-channel myotonia: a case report
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Background: Sodium-channel myotonia (SCM) is a nondystrophic myotonia, characterized by pure myotonia without muscle weakness or paramyotonia. The prevalence of skeletal muscle channelopathies is approximately 1 in 100,000, and the prevalence of SCM is much lower. To our knowledge, this is the first report on anesthetic management of a patient with SCM.
Case presentation: A 23-year-old woman with congenital nasal dysplasia and SCM was scheduled to undergo rhinoplasty with autologous costal cartilage. Total intravenous anesthesia without muscle relaxants was administered followed by continuous intercostal nerve block. Although transient elevation of potassium level in the blood was observed during surgery, the patient did not show exacerbation of myotonic or paralytic symptoms in the postoperative period.
Conclusion: Total intravenous anesthesia and peripheral nerve block can be administered safely to a patient with SCM. However, careful monitoring of the symptoms and electrolytes is recommended.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=
en-aut-name=MatsumotoNaohisa
en-aut-sei=Matsumoto
en-aut-mei=Naohisa
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=
en-aut-name=NishimotoRei
en-aut-sei=Nishimoto
en-aut-mei=Rei
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=
en-aut-name=MatsuokaYoshikazu
en-aut-sei=Matsuoka
en-aut-mei=Yoshikazu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=
en-aut-name=TakedaYoshimasa
en-aut-sei=Takeda
en-aut-mei=Yoshimasa
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=
en-aut-name=MorimatsuHiroshi
en-aut-sei=Morimatsu
en-aut-mei=Hiroshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=
affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=
affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=
affil-num=3
en-affil=Departments of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine
kn-affil=
affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=
affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Anesthetic management
kn-keyword=Anesthetic management
en-keyword=Myotonia congenita
kn-keyword=Myotonia congenita
en-keyword=Nondystrophic myotonia
kn-keyword=Nondystrophic myotonia
en-keyword=Paramyotonia congenita
kn-keyword=Paramyotonia congenita
en-keyword=Periodic paralysis
kn-keyword=Periodic paralysis
en-keyword=Potassium-aggravated myotonia
kn-keyword=Potassium-aggravated myotonia
en-keyword=Skeletal muscle channelopathy
kn-keyword=Skeletal muscle channelopathy
en-keyword=Sodium-channel myotonia
kn-keyword=Sodium-channel myotonia
END
start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=7
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=415
end-page=423
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2014
dt-pub=20140711
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Up-regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the dorsal root ganglion of the rat bone cancer pain model
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Metastatic bone cancer causes severe pain, but current treatments often provide insufficient pain relief. One of the reasons is that mechanisms underlying bone cancer pain are not solved completely. Our previous studies have shown that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), known as a member of the neurotrophic family, is an important molecule in the pathological pain state in some pain models. We hypothesized that expression changes of BDNF may be one of the factors related to bone cancer pain; in this study, we investigated changes of BDNF expression in dorsal root ganglia in a rat bone cancer pain model. As we expected, BDNF mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid) and protein were significantly increased in L3 dorsal root ganglia after intra-tibial inoculation of MRMT-1 rat breast cancer cells. Among the eleven splice-variants of BDNF mRNA, exon 1?9 variant increased predominantly. Interestingly, the up-regulation of BDNF is localized in small neurons (mostly nociceptive neurons) but not in medium or large neurons (non-nociceptive neurons). Further, expression of nerve growth factor (NGF), which is known as a specific promoter of BDNF exon 1?9 variant, was significantly increased in tibial bone marrow. Our findings suggest that BDNF is a key molecule in bone cancer pain, and NGF-BDNF cascade possibly develops bone cancer pain.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=
en-aut-name=TomotsukaNaoto
en-aut-sei=Tomotsuka
en-aut-mei=Naoto
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=
en-aut-name=KakuRyuji
en-aut-sei=Kaku
en-aut-mei=Ryuji
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=
en-aut-name=ObataNorihiko
en-aut-sei=Obata
en-aut-mei=Norihiko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=
en-aut-name=MatsuokaYoshikazu
en-aut-sei=Matsuoka
en-aut-mei=Yoshikazu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=
en-aut-name=KanzakiHirotaka
en-aut-sei=Kanzaki
en-aut-mei=Hirotaka
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=
en-aut-name=TaniguchiArata
en-aut-sei=Taniguchi
en-aut-mei=Arata
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=
en-aut-name=MutoNoriko
en-aut-sei=Muto
en-aut-mei=Noriko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=
en-aut-name=OmiyaHiroki
en-aut-sei=Omiya
en-aut-mei=Hiroki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=
en-aut-name=ItanoYoshitaro
en-aut-sei=Itano
en-aut-mei=Yoshitaro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=
en-aut-name=SatoTadasu
en-aut-sei=Sato
en-aut-mei=Tadasu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=10
ORCID=
en-aut-name=IchikawaHiroyuki
en-aut-sei=Ichikawa
en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=11
ORCID=
en-aut-name=MizobuchiSatoshi
en-aut-sei=Mizobuchi
en-aut-mei=Satoshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=12
ORCID=
en-aut-name=MorimatsuHiroshi
en-aut-sei=Morimatsu
en-aut-mei=Hiroshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=13
ORCID=
affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
affil-num=4
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
affil-num=5
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital
affil-num=6
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
affil-num=7
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
affil-num=8
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
affil-num=9
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
affil-num=10
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Oral and Craniofacial Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry
affil-num=11
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Oral and Craniofacial Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry
affil-num=12
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
affil-num=13
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
en-keyword=BDNF
kn-keyword=BDNF
en-keyword=bone cancer pain
kn-keyword=bone cancer pain
en-keyword=chronic pain
kn-keyword=chronic pain
en-keyword=nerve growth factor
kn-keyword=nerve growth factor
END
start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=66
cd-vols=
no-issue=3
article-no=
start-page=285
end-page=289
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2012
dt-pub=201206
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Antinociceptive Effects of Intrathecal Landiolol Injection in a Rat Formalin Pain Model
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Perioperative beta-blocker administration has recently been recommended for patients undergoing cardiac or other surgery due to the beneficial cardiovascular effects of these agents. In addition, some studies have reported that perioperatively administered beta-blockers also have analgesic effects. In this study, to investigate the antinociceptive effects and the analgesic profile of landiolol, we examined the effects of intrathecal landiolol administration on nociceptive pain behavior and c-fos mRNA expression (a neural marker of pain) in the spinal cord using a rat formalin model. We found that pain-related behavior was inhibited by intrathecal landiolol administration. Moreover, the increase in c-fos mRNA expression on the formalin-injected side was less pronounced in rats administered landiolol
than in saline administered controls. Thus, intrathecal administration of landiolol exhibited antinociceptive
effects. Further investigation of the antinociceptive mechanism of landiolol is required.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=
en-aut-name=MizobuchiSatoshi
en-aut-sei=Mizobuchi
en-aut-mei=Satoshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=
en-aut-name=MatsuokaYoshikazu
en-aut-sei=Matsuoka
en-aut-mei=Yoshikazu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=
en-aut-name=ObataNorihiko
en-aut-sei=Obata
en-aut-mei=Norihiko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=
en-aut-name=KakuRyuji
en-aut-sei=Kaku
en-aut-mei=Ryuji
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=
en-aut-name=ItanoYoshitaro
en-aut-sei=Itano
en-aut-mei=Yoshitaro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=
en-aut-name=TomotsukaNaoto
en-aut-sei=Tomotsuka
en-aut-mei=Naoto
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=
en-aut-name=TaniguchiArata
en-aut-sei=Taniguchi
en-aut-mei=Arata
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=
en-aut-name=NishieHiroyuki
en-aut-sei=Nishie
en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=
en-aut-name=KanzakiHirotaka
en-aut-sei=Kanzaki
en-aut-mei=Hirotaka
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=
en-aut-name=OuchidaMamoru
en-aut-sei=Ouchida
en-aut-mei=Mamoru
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=10
ORCID=
en-aut-name=MoritaKiyoshi
en-aut-sei=Morita
en-aut-mei=Kiyoshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=11
ORCID=
affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=Departments of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine
affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=Departments of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine
affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=Departments of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine
affil-num=4
en-affil=
kn-affil=Departments of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine
affil-num=5
en-affil=
kn-affil=Departments of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine
affil-num=6
en-affil=
kn-affil=Departments of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine
affil-num=7
en-affil=
kn-affil=Departments of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine
affil-num=8
en-affil=
kn-affil=Departments of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine
affil-num=9
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-sinai Medical Center
affil-num=10
en-affil=
kn-affil=Departments of Molecular Genetics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine
affil-num=11
en-affil=
kn-affil=Departments of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine
en-keyword=beta-blocker
kn-keyword=beta-blocker
en-keyword=landiolol
kn-keyword=landiolol
en-keyword=formalin
kn-keyword=formalin
en-keyword=pain behavior
kn-keyword=pain behavior
en-keyword=c-fos
kn-keyword=c-fos
END