start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=60
cd-vols=
no-issue=12
article-no=
start-page=1321
end-page=1327
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2013
dt-pub=201312
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Testosterone replacement elevates the serum uric acid levels in patients with female to male gender identity disorder
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Gender identity disorder (GID) results from a disagreement between a person's biological sex and the gender to which he or she identifies. With respect to the treatment of female to male GID, testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) is available. The uric acid (UA) level can be influenced by testosterone; however, the early effects and dose-dependency of TRT on the serum UA concentration have not been evaluated in this population. We herein conducted a dose-response analysis of TRT in 160 patients with female to male GID. The TRT consisted of three treatment groups who received intramuscular injections of testosterone enanthate: 125 mg every two weeks, 250 mg every three weeks and 250 mg every two weeks. Consequently, serum UA elevation was observed after three months of TRT and there was a tendency toward testosterone dose-dependency. The onset of hyperuricemia was more prevalent in the group who received the higher dose. We also demonstrated a positive correlation between increased levels of serum UA and serum creatinine. Since the level of serum creatinine represents an individual's muscle volume and the muscle is a major source of purine, which induces UA upregulation, the serum UA elevation observed during TRT is at least partially attributed to an increase in muscle mass. This is the first study showing an association between serum UA elevation and a TRT-induced increase in muscle mass. The current study provides important information regarding TRT for the follow-up and management of the serum UA levels in GID patients.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KurahashiHiroaki
en-aut-sei=Kurahashi
en-aut-mei=Hiroaki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=WatanabeMasami
en-aut-sei=Watanabe
en-aut-mei=Masami
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SugimotoMorito
en-aut-sei=Sugimoto
en-aut-mei=Morito
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=AriyoshiYuichi
en-aut-sei=Ariyoshi
en-aut-mei=Yuichi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MahmoodSabina
en-aut-sei=Mahmood
en-aut-mei=Sabina
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ArakiMotoo
en-aut-sei=Araki
en-aut-mei=Motoo
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=IshiiKazushi
en-aut-sei=Ishii
en-aut-mei=Kazushi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NasuYasutomo
en-aut-sei=Nasu
en-aut-mei=Yasutomo
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NagaiAtsushi
en-aut-sei=Nagai
en-aut-mei=Atsushi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KumonHiromi
en-aut-sei=Kumon
en-aut-mei=Hiromi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=10
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Grad Sch Med Dent & Pharmaceut Sci, Dept Urol

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Grad Sch Med Dent & Pharmaceut Sci, Dept Urol

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Grad Sch Med Dent & Pharmaceut Sci, Dept Urol

affil-num=4
en-affil=
kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Grad Sch Med Dent & Pharmaceut Sci, Dept Urol

affil-num=5
en-affil=
kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Okayama Univ Hosp, Ctr Innovat Clin Med

affil-num=6
en-affil=
kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Grad Sch Med Dent & Pharmaceut Sci, Dept Urol

affil-num=7
en-affil=
kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Grad Sch Med Dent & Pharmaceut Sci, Dept Urol

affil-num=8
en-affil=
kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Grad Sch Med Dent & Pharmaceut Sci, Dept Urol

affil-num=9
en-affil=
kn-affil=Kawasaki Med Univ, Dept Urol

affil-num=10
en-affil=
kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Grad Sch Med Dent & Pharmaceut Sci, Dept Urol
en-keyword=Gender identity disorder
kn-keyword=Gender identity disorder
en-keyword=Testosterone
kn-keyword=Testosterone
en-keyword=Uric acid
kn-keyword=Uric acid
en-keyword=Creatinine
kn-keyword=Creatinine
en-keyword=Muscle
kn-keyword=Muscle
END