start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=282 end-page=283 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2003 dt-pub=200310 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Evaluating object and region of concentric electrode in bio-electrical impedance measurement en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Concentric electrode is easy to use and used widely for measuring bio-electrical impedance. But, its evaluating region was not investigated in detail. Then, the characteristics of concentric electrode were studied from various points of view. In case of use without electrode paste, impedance is determined with the contacting condition between electrode and skin surface over all frequency range. In case of use with electrode past, impedance is composed of stratum corneum in the frequency range of 20 Hz-1 kHz and is mainly composed of subcutaneous tissue in the range of 200 kHz-1 MHz. In the high frequency range, evaluating region of concentric electrode is the area less than the radius or the gap of center electrode. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamamotoYoshitake en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Yoshitake kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShiraiKiyoko en-aut-sei=Shirai en-aut-mei=Kiyoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=GodaNoriko en-aut-sei=Goda en-aut-mei=Noriko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraTakao en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Takao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KusuharaToshimasa en-aut-sei=Kusuhara en-aut-mei=Toshimasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkudaHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Okuda en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University Medical School affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University Medical School affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University Medical School affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University Medical School affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University Medical School affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University Medical School en-keyword=Bio-electrieal impedance kn-keyword=Bio-electrieal impedance en-keyword=skin impedance kn-keyword=skin impedance en-keyword=concentric electrode kn-keyword=concentric electrode en-keyword=evaluating kn-keyword=evaluating en-keyword=region kn-keyword=region END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=20050325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=数理モデルを用いた細胞電気インピーダンス計測(ECIS)法における血管内皮細胞の微細動態の解析 kn-title=Evaluation of micromotion of vascular endothelial cells in electrical cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) method using a mathematical model en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=GodaNoriko en-aut-sei=Goda en-aut-mei=Noriko kn-aut-name=合田典子 kn-aut-sei=合田 kn-aut-mei=典子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=5 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2002 dt-pub=20021225 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=危機に立つ助産師教育 kn-title=Midwifery Education At Risk en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=日本の助産師教育はその期間の短さ,臨床訓練の不十分さで国際的に大変見劣りしている｡国際化の中で卒業生が海外で活躍する機会も大幅に増えている現在,先進国として世界的基準に恥じない教育実践が求められる｡これは国内のより質の高い助産師へのニーズにも合致することである｡わが国の助産師教育課程は昭和23年に制定された保健婦助産婦看護婦法に基づいている｡この法律は戦後間もないGHQの指導下に産声を上げた｡制定当時のアメリカには助産師制度はなく,助産師の教育期間は6ヶ月以上とされ今日に至っている｡しかし,今日の欧米では助産師教育期間は12～48ヶ月(実習は8～33ヶ月)とされ,日本の2倍以上である｡分娩介助数も日本の10例程度に対し,EU基準では最低40例が義務付けられており,高度な助産技術の習得を目指している｡従来,わが国における助産師教育の主流は看護師教育を終了した者を対象とした1年課程の助産師学校養成所および短期大学専攻科における専門的な助産学教育であった｡この課程では指定規則の基準に加えて,各校独自に助産師教育の充実を図る努力が行われてきた｡しかし,近年の看護学教育の急速な4年制大学化に伴い, 4年制大学における助産師教育は最低の指定基準を満たすために,助産学専門科目の一部は選択科目として位置付けられ,その他は看護学の科目に読み替えられる事となった｡この様な状況の中で,今後の助産師教育をどう国際的基準に合わせていくか,真剣な議論が必要である｡ kn-abstract=Midwifery education in Japan falls far short of the international standard with respect to the course requirements and the length of the clinical training. Student midwives in Japan are required to assist ten deliveries during the designated two-month clinical practicum, a difficult task to satisfy due to Japan's low birthrate. In contrast, midwifery education in Western countries takes between 12 and 48 months to finish and the E.U. standard requires students to assist at least 40 deliveries during their clinical training. Midwifery training in Japan had been traditionally offered as a non-degree certificate program at private institutions. However, four-year universities have started to offer the program as an elective program. At four-year universities, some midwifery course requirements have been deleted and the length of the clinical training has been shortened because of the congested curriculum. Serious discussion is necessary regarding the improvement of midwifery education in Japan. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=GodaNoriko en-aut-sei=Goda en-aut-mei=Noriko kn-aut-name=合田典子 kn-aut-sei=合田 kn-aut-mei=典子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakatsukasaYachiyo en-aut-sei=Nakatsukasa en-aut-mei=Yachiyo kn-aut-name=中務八千代 kn-aut-sei=中務 kn-aut-mei=八千代 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部保健学科看護学専攻 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学非常勤講師 en-keyword=Midwife (助産師) kn-keyword=Midwife (助産師) en-keyword=Clinical training (臨床実習) kn-keyword=Clinical training (臨床実習) en-keyword=Midwifery Education (助産学) kn-keyword=Midwifery Education (助産学) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=91 end-page=95 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1998 dt-pub=19980131 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=1997年岡山県下に発生した集団食中毒患者から分離された腸管出血性大腸菌EHEC O157 : H7のパルスフィールドゲル電気泳動法による遺伝子解析 kn-title=Molecular typing of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157 : H7 isolates derived from an outbreak in Okayama, Japan in 1997 by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=1997年6月に岡山県下のR-病院で腸管出血性大腸菌EHEC O157 : H7による集団食中毒が発生した｡その患者および食材である日本そばから分離されたEHEC O157 : H7の菌株をパルスフィールドゲル電気泳動法(PFGE)を使用して遺伝子解析を行った｡13名の患者から分離された菌株の遺伝子型は日本 そばから分離された菌株と一致した｡従って日本そばから分散されたEHEC O157 : H7が集団食中毒の原因であることが解った｡さらにこれらの菌株の遺伝子型は1996年に広島県および福岡県の西日本に集団食中毒が発生した菌株のタイプIa型と類似していた｡このことはこの遺伝子タイプの類似した菌株の感染が西日本で去年から広がっていることを示している｡ kn-abstract=Thirteen enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157 : H7 (EHEC) isolates derived from the patients of an outbreak in the R-hospital in Okayama Japan and one isolated from the ingredients of Japanese noodles in June 1997 were analyzed by molecular typing using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). The PFGE patterns of the patients were almost the same as the patterns of the Japanese noodle ingredients. Therefore, the EHEC O157 : H7 derived from the food was considered to have caused the outbreak in the R-hospital. The molecular typing of isolates from the patients and the Japanese noodle ingredients was almost the same as that of isolates from outbreaks in Hiroshima and Fukuoka prefectures classified as type Ia in 1996 by PFGE analysis. These results indicate that EHEC O157 : H7 strains with a similar PFGE type Ia pattern have already spread throughout western Japan since last year. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MiyamotoKanji en-aut-sei=Miyamoto en-aut-mei=Kanji kn-aut-name=宮本寛治 kn-aut-sei=宮本 kn-aut-mei=寛治 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakamotoKazunari en-aut-sei=Sakamoto en-aut-mei=Kazunari kn-aut-name=坂本一成 kn-aut-sei=坂本 kn-aut-mei=一成 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NiiyaMasami en-aut-sei=Niiya en-aut-mei=Masami kn-aut-name=新谷勝美 kn-aut-sei=新谷 kn-aut-mei=勝美 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ChenJing en-aut-sei=Chen en-aut-mei=Jing kn-aut-name=陳静 kn-aut-sei=陳 kn-aut-mei=静 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=AbeEriko en-aut-sei=Abe en-aut-mei=Eriko kn-aut-name=阿部絵理子 kn-aut-sei=阿部 kn-aut-mei=絵理子 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkazakiYuka en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Yuka kn-aut-name=岡崎愉加 kn-aut-sei=岡崎 kn-aut-mei=愉加 aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShiraiKiyoko en-aut-sei=Shirai en-aut-mei=Kiyoko kn-aut-name=白井喜代子 kn-aut-sei=白井 kn-aut-mei=喜代子 aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=GodaNoriko en-aut-sei=Goda en-aut-mei=Noriko kn-aut-name=合田典子 kn-aut-sei=合田 kn-aut-mei=典子 aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医療技術短期大学部 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医療技術短期大学部 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第2内科 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医療技術短期大学部 affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医療技術短期大学部 affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医療技術短期大学部 affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医療技術短期大学部 affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医療技術短期大学部 en-keyword=EHEC O157: H7 (腸管出血性大腸菌EHEC O157 : H7) kn-keyword=EHEC O157: H7 (腸管出血性大腸菌EHEC O157 : H7) en-keyword=PFGE (パルスフィールドゲル電気泳動法) kn-keyword=PFGE (パルスフィールドゲル電気泳動法) en-keyword=outbreak (集団感染) kn-keyword=outbreak (集団感染) en-keyword=molecular typing (遺伝子解析) kn-keyword=molecular typing (遺伝子解析) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=9 end-page=15 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2007 dt-pub=20070315 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Electrical Cell-substrate Impedance Sensing (ECIS)法を用いた培養細胞の微細挙動の定量的評価法 - 細胞-細胞間隙と細胞-電極間隙の評価 - kn-title=Quantitative evaluation of micromotion of cultured cells using electrical cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) method - cell-to-cell distance and cell-to-substrate distance - en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=[背景] Electrical Cell-substrate Impedance Sensing (ECIS)は培養細胞の電気的計測により,その微細挙動を評価する工学的手法である｡我々はECISを用いてこの微細挙動を細胞-細胞間隙と細胞-電極間隙に分離して推定することが可能な数学的モデルを提案してきた｡本研究ではこの数学的モデルを使用して,Ⅹ線を照射した牛大動脈内皮細胞(bovine aortic endothelial cell : BAEC)の微細挙動の経時変化を評価した｡ [方法と結果] ECISシステム(Model 1600R Applied BioPhysics)を用いてBAECのコンフルエント到達前後で計測を行い,数学的モデルを構築した｡このモデルは細胞の微細挙動を検出するために重要な周波数レンジである1-10kHzにおいて測定結果とよく一致し,Cole-Cole円弧則に従う｡さらに細胞-細胞間距離Aの増減に対応する校正定数S(A)と細胞-電極間距離hの増減に対応する校正定数S(h)を導入し,ベクトルインピーダンスの変化に対応した値を算出することで細胞の微細挙動を評価することとした｡次に本法によりX線(150kV, 100Gy)を照射したBAECの微細挙動を評価した｡Ⅹ線照射細胞では時間経過と共に抵抗成分の変化が支配的なインピーダンスの減少が確認された｡この現象はS(A)の大きな増加とS(h)の微小な減少をもたらした｡このパラメータの変化は細胞間隙が拡大したことを示しており,Ⅹ線照射による細胞内損傷により細胞密度が低下したと考えられた｡ [結論] 本法は培養細胞の微細動態の変化を細胞-細胞間隙と細胞-電極間隙に分けてリアルタイムに定量評価することが可能であり,各臓器の細胞レベルでの薬物の治療効果や Ⅹ線に対する耐性の評価に適応できるものと考える｡ kn-abstract=We have proposed a mathematical model for the micro-dynamics for cultured cells measured with ECIS system for the detection of nanometer-order dynamics of cells cultured on a small gold electrode and could separately evaluate cell-to-cell distance (A) and cell-to-substrate distance (h). For wide applications of this method, we constructed mathematical models which express cell-to-electrode impedances for some kinds of confluent conditions. Based on this mathematical model, we defined new parameters S(A) and S(h) in order to evaluate cell-to-cell distance and cell-to-substrate distance. As the application, we investigated the effect of X-irradiation to bovine aortic endothelial cell (BAEC). We analyzed the micro-dynamics of cells from the impedance of BAEC before and after X-irradiation. It was proved that the stimulation of 100 Gy X-irradiation to the BAEC resulted in the large scale of increase in the cell-to-cell distances (A), and the slight increase in the cell-to-substrate distances (h) accompany with continuous fluctuations. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=GodaNoriko en-aut-sei=Goda en-aut-mei=Noriko kn-aut-name=合田典子 kn-aut-sei=合田 kn-aut-mei=典子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoYoshitake en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Yoshitake kn-aut-name=山本尚武 kn-aut-sei=山本 kn-aut-mei=尚武 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraTakao en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Takao kn-aut-name=中村隆夫 kn-aut-sei=中村 kn-aut-mei=隆夫 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KusuharaToshimasa en-aut-sei=Kusuhara en-aut-mei=Toshimasa kn-aut-name=楠原俊昌 kn-aut-sei=楠原 kn-aut-mei=俊昌 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaruyamaToshinori en-aut-sei=Maruyama en-aut-mei=Toshinori kn-aut-name=丸山敏則 kn-aut-sei=丸山 kn-aut-mei=敏則 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部保健学科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部保健学科 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部保健学科 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部保健学科 affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部保健学科 en-keyword=ECIS method (ECIS法) kn-keyword=ECIS method (ECIS法) en-keyword=bio-electrical impedance (生体インピーダンス) kn-keyword=bio-electrical impedance (生体インピーダンス) en-keyword=cultured cell modeling (細胞培養) kn-keyword=cultured cell modeling (細胞培養) en-keyword=micromotion of cultured cells (細胞微細挙動) kn-keyword=micromotion of cultured cells (細胞微細挙動) en-keyword=X-irradiation (放射線被曝) kn-keyword=X-irradiation (放射線被曝) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=7 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=81 end-page=86 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1996 dt-pub=19960930 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Factors involved in the movement of the center of mass in healthy women kn-title=健康女性の重心動揺変化に及ぼす諸因子 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=During the period of pregnancy, movement of the center of mass due to changes in the posture results from the changes in the body form, and this may cause minor troubles. In this study, we examined body form factors which may be involved in the movement of the center of mass in 37 healthy womem, and obtained the following results. 1) In the examination items of the movement of the center of mass, the moving distance of the center of mass, the envelope area and the area of moving of the center of mass were significantly larger when measured with the eyes open than when measured with the eyes closed, while there were no differences in the means of moving in the x-axis direction and in the y-axis direction whether the eyes were open or closed. 2) The moving examinations of the center of mass in the Romberg's posture with open or closed eyes suggested positive correlations with the sitting height and the length of the inferir limb and a negative correlation with the obesity level. kn-abstract=妊娠中の体形変化は姿勢変化をもたらし、このためにおこる重心移動がマイナートラブルを起こす原因となることが考えられる。そこで、健康女性37人を対象に、重心動揺を起こす因子と考えられる体型要因に着目した基礎的研究を行い、以下の結果を得た。1）重心動揺測定項目の中で、重心動揺距離、包絡面積、重心動揺面積の項目は開眼時より閉眼時が有意に数値が大きく、X軸方向動揺平均、Y軸方向動揺平均の項目は、開眼時と閉眼時とで差がなかった。2）ロンベルグ姿勢での開眼及び閉眼重心動揺検査では、座高、下肢長に正の相関が、肥満度に負の相関があるこが示唆された。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShiraiKiyoko en-aut-sei=Shirai en-aut-mei=Kiyoko kn-aut-name=白井喜代子 kn-aut-sei=白井 kn-aut-mei=喜代子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=GodaNoriko en-aut-sei=Goda en-aut-mei=Noriko kn-aut-name=合田典子 kn-aut-sei=合田 kn-aut-mei=典子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkazakiYuka en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Yuka kn-aut-name=岡﨑愉加 kn-aut-sei=岡﨑 kn-aut-mei=愉加 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=JinFumio en-aut-sei=Jin en-aut-mei=Fumio kn-aut-name=神文雄 kn-aut-sei=神 kn-aut-mei=文雄 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhtaTakeo en-aut-sei=Ohta en-aut-mei=Takeo kn-aut-name=太田武夫 kn-aut-sei=太田 kn-aut-mei=武夫 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医療技術短期大学部専攻科助産学特別専攻 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医療技術短期大学部専攻科助産学特別専攻 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医療技術短期大学部専攻科助産学特別専攻 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医療技術短期大学部一般教育 affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医療技術短期大学部看護学科 en-keyword=重心動揺 (Sway of the center of gravity) kn-keyword=重心動揺 (Sway of the center of gravity) en-keyword=直立姿勢 (upright standing position) kn-keyword=直立姿勢 (upright standing position) en-keyword=健康女性 (healthy females) kn-keyword=健康女性 (healthy females) en-keyword=体型 (body build) kn-keyword=体型 (body build) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=7 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=75 end-page=80 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1996 dt-pub=19960930 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Time needed for practice of the conduct of labor kn-title=分娩介助実習に要する時間について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=The shifting of the population structure with the recent rapid decrease in births and increase in aged people is causing a further decrease in the birth rate. Under these circumstances, practice of the conduct of labor is encountering great difficulties. For this reason, our non-degree postgraduate school increased the fields for practice of the conduct of labor from 2 to 3 institutions in 1989. During the past 7 years, a mean of 476 hours was spent on practice of the conduct of labor in a mean of 10.7 cases per student, and 184 of these hours were outside the regular practice hours. kn-abstract=近年の急激な少子・高齢化による人口構造の歪みは、益々の出生率の低下を来たしている。この現状の中での分娩介助実習は非常に厳しい状況にある。そのため、当専攻科では平成元年（1989年）より分娩介助実習場所を2施設から3施設として分娩介助実習に対応している。7年間の平均をみると、学生1人当たり10.7回の分娩介助に要する時間は476時間にのぼる。このうち、正規の実習時間外における拘束時間は184時間であった。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=GodaNoriko en-aut-sei=Goda en-aut-mei=Noriko kn-aut-name=合田典子 kn-aut-sei=合田 kn-aut-mei=典子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShiraiKiyoko en-aut-sei=Shirai en-aut-mei=Kiyoko kn-aut-name=白井喜代子 kn-aut-sei=白井 kn-aut-mei=喜代子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkazakiYuka en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Yuka kn-aut-name=岡﨑愉加 kn-aut-sei=岡﨑 kn-aut-mei=愉加 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医療技術短期大学部専攻科助産学特別専攻 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医療技術短期大学部専攻科助産学特別専攻 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医療技術短期大学部専攻科助産学特別専攻 en-keyword=助産学 (midwifery) kn-keyword=助産学 (midwifery) en-keyword=分娩介助実習 (practice of the conduct of labor) kn-keyword=分娩介助実習 (practice of the conduct of labor) en-keyword=助産婦教育 (midwifery education) kn-keyword=助産婦教育 (midwifery education) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=4 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1 end-page=9 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1994 dt-pub=19940131 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Delivery Assistance Techniques kn-title=分娩介助技術について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The delivery assistance laboratory is one of the most important part of the professional curriculum in the training program for midwives. The educational significance of 10 cases of delivery assistance was reviewed. The technical standards of the students improved with accumulation of experience in the assistance of deliveries. Evaluation of the methods in which the students were assessed with regard to technical improvement in delivery assistance was performed. Of the total number of 136 students of midwifery registered at our school in the past 7years, 50 who were able to assist successively in 3-10 cases of normal childbirth were evaluated in this study with regard to their acquisition of skills needed to assist in deliveries. Fourteen technical items related to the assistance of delivery in its second and third stages were assessed. An evaluation standard consisting of 3 grades, namely "able to perform", "somehow able to perform", and "not able to perform" regarding the above mentioned 14 technical items were used to assess the mastery of delivery assistance techniques by the students. Our results showed that as the students accumulated experience in delivery assistance, self-assessment ratings of "able to perform" increased on the average. The accumulation of skill concerning the management of the neonate immediately after birth, the instruction of patients regarding the application of abdominal pressure, and the assistance during crowning was specially evident. In contrast, although self-assessment ratings of "able to perform" with regard to "assistance of the mother immediately after giving birth" and "assistance immediately after the delivery of the fetal head" did increase, its rate of increase was small. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=GodaNoriko en-aut-sei=Goda en-aut-mei=Noriko kn-aut-name=合田典子 kn-aut-sei=合田 kn-aut-mei=典子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkazakiYuka en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Yuka kn-aut-name=岡﨑愉加 kn-aut-sei=岡﨑 kn-aut-mei=愉加 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShiraiKiyoko en-aut-sei=Shirai en-aut-mei=Kiyoko kn-aut-name=白井喜代子 kn-aut-sei=白井 kn-aut-mei=喜代子 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医療技術短期大学部専攻科助産学特別専攻 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医療技術短期大学部専攻科助産学特別専攻 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医療技術短期大学部専攻科助産学特別専攻 en-keyword=助産婦教育 kn-keyword=助産婦教育 en-keyword=助産技術 kn-keyword=助産技術 en-keyword=実習評価 kn-keyword=実習評価 en-keyword=分娩介助実習 kn-keyword=分娩介助実習 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=4 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=11 end-page=17 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1994 dt-pub=19940131 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The State of the Applicants to Our Midwife Training kn-title=助産婦養成課程受験者の実態 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Nursing students taking the entrance examination for our midwifery training program in the academic year 1992-1993 were evaluated with regard to what motivated them to apply to our program and their plans after graduation. The results were as follows : 1. The wish of the nursing students themselves was the decisive factor in their decision to apply. 2. Our investigation revealed that 10% of the nursing students decided to take up midwifery after graduation from nursing school; 25% decided to do so before their entrance to nursing school : and 65% made up their minds while they were still at nursing school. 3. The applicants planned to work as professional midwives for a long time after their completion of the midwifery training program. 4. Junior college graduates, after receiving authorization from the National Institution of Academic Degrees, were motivated to apply to our midwifery training program for the explicit purpose of acquiring a bachelor's degree. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShiraiKiyoko en-aut-sei=Shirai en-aut-mei=Kiyoko kn-aut-name=白井喜代子 kn-aut-sei=白井 kn-aut-mei=喜代子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=GodaNoriko en-aut-sei=Goda en-aut-mei=Noriko kn-aut-name=合田典子 kn-aut-sei=合田 kn-aut-mei=典子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医療技術短期大学部専攻科助産学特別専攻 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医療技術短期大学部専攻科助産学特別専攻 en-keyword=助産婦課程受験者 kn-keyword=助産婦課程受験者 en-keyword=進学動機 kn-keyword=進学動機 en-keyword=進路希望 kn-keyword=進路希望 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=85 end-page=91 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2006 dt-pub=20060331 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The movement of midwifery education and a future challenge kn-title=助産学教育の動向と今後の課題 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=Recently, nursing education entered the four year college system; midwifery education in Japan has come to have serious problems, not only in the decline in the number of midwives training but also in the quality of the education due to abolition of the professional training school and the junior college's advanced midwifery training course. Then, lectures and the clinical training period have been shortened in midwifery education in four year colleges because of the crowded curriculum. On the other hand, the birth rate has been declining, and the anxiety of child care and child abuse are serious social issues in that child care in the community and at home is declining in Japan. The role of midwives has increased all the more, and midwives are indispensable for mothers, babies and families in such social conditions. Also, the problem was examined by surveying the environment surrounding the direction of midwifery education. It is not easy to get three state qualifications of public health nurse, midwife and nurse in the nursing education program within four years. It was suggested that change in the educational system of midwifery was a pressing need to train educated and skilled midwives to meet a social need. kn-abstract=我が国における助産学教育は看護学教育の4年制化に伴い,大きな影響を受けている｡即ち,短大専攻科の4年制大学への移行により選択枠は減少し,講義および実習時間の短縮化を余儀なくされた｡さらに,専門学校の閉廃校も進んで助産師の養成数は減少し,その教育の質にも大きな問題を包含するようになった｡一方,少子化が進展し,地域社会や家庭における子育て力の低下等に伴う育児不安や児童虐待が大きな社会問題となっている｡このような社会情況の中で,助産師の果たすべき役割は益々増大し,助産師に対する期待は高まる一方である｡そこで,助産学教育の動向と取り巻く環境を概観することにより,その問題点を検討した｡その結果,1) 4年制看護学教育の中で保健師･助産師･看護師の3つの国家試験受験資格を得ることは容易ではないこと｡ 2) 社会の要請に応えうる人材育成のための専門的教育課程への移行が急務であることが示唆された。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=GodaNoriko en-aut-sei=Goda en-aut-mei=Noriko kn-aut-name=合田典子 kn-aut-sei=合田 kn-aut-mei=典子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhmuroRitsuko en-aut-sei=Ohmuro en-aut-mei=Ritsuko kn-aut-name=大室律子 kn-aut-sei=大室 kn-aut-mei=律子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NiinoYoshiko en-aut-sei=Niino en-aut-mei=Yoshiko kn-aut-name=新野由子 kn-aut-sei=新野 kn-aut-mei=由子 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=IchikawaKaori en-aut-sei=Ichikawa en-aut-mei=Kaori kn-aut-name=市川香織 kn-aut-sei=市川 kn-aut-mei=香織 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=FuseChigusa en-aut-sei=Fuse en-aut-mei=Chigusa kn-aut-name=布施千草 kn-aut-sei=布施 kn-aut-mei=千草 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoYukie en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Yukie kn-aut-name=松本幸枝 kn-aut-sei=松本 kn-aut-mei=幸枝 aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部保健学科看護学専攻 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=千葉大学看護学部附属看護実践指導研究センター affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=千葉大学看護学部附属看護実践指導研究センター affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=千葉大学医学部附属病院 affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=植草学園短期大学福祉学科地域介護福祉専攻 affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=植草学園短期大学福祉学科地域介護福祉専攻 en-keyword=助産学教育 (Midwifery education) kn-keyword=助産学教育 (Midwifery education) en-keyword=助産師 (Midwife) kn-keyword=助産師 (Midwife) en-keyword=カリキュラム (Curriculum) kn-keyword=カリキュラム (Curriculum) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=7 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=87 end-page=92 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1996 dt-pub=19960930 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The way to a Bachelor's degree : state of graduates from advanced course of midwifery, School of Health Sciences Okayama University kn-title=学士への途 ―岡山大学医療技術短期大学部専攻科助産学特別専攻修了生の現状― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=In 1992, Advanced Course of Midwifery, School of Health Sciences Okayama University was recognized by National Institution for Academic Degrees. This year, the fifth from its recognition, we performed a questionnaire survey in 51 junior college graduates among the 80 individuals who took the course from 1992 to 1995 reevaluate the program. Six graduates (11.8%) had applied for a degree to the National Institution for Academic Degrees including 2 whose applications were under evaluation. The applications had been accepted in 2 of them (3.9%), and they had received the degree of Bachelor of Nursing. Seventeen graduates (33.3%) were studying with the hope to obtain the degree, but many of them had difficulty with preparation of the reports of the results of their learning and training. Twenty five (49%) had the hope to obtain the degree but were not making preparations, primarily because they were occupied by work. Seven (13.7%) had no desire to obtain the degree. kn-abstract=平成4年に岡山大学医療技術短期大学部専攻科助産学特別専攻は学位授与機構に認定された。5年目を迎えた今年、現在までを見直すために、平成4年度から平成7年度までの入学生80名のうち、短期大学部の卒業生51名を対象とし、アンケート調査を実施した。その結果以下のことがわかった。学位授与機構への申請経験者は6名（11.8％）で、その内2名は現在申請中である。2名が合格し、看護学士の学位を取得していた。現在取得に向けて学修中の者は17名（33.3％）で、学修成果の作成に関して困っている者が多かった。取得の意志はあるが休止中の者は25名（49％）で、主な理由は仕事が忙しいことであった。取得の意志がない者は7名（13.7％）であった。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkazakiYuka en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Yuka kn-aut-name=岡﨑愉加 kn-aut-sei=岡﨑 kn-aut-mei=愉加 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=GodaNoriko en-aut-sei=Goda en-aut-mei=Noriko kn-aut-name=合田典子 kn-aut-sei=合田 kn-aut-mei=典子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShiraiKiyoko en-aut-sei=Shirai en-aut-mei=Kiyoko kn-aut-name=白井喜代子 kn-aut-sei=白井 kn-aut-mei=喜代子 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医療技術短期大学部専攻科助産学特別専攻 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医療技術短期大学部専攻科助産学特別専攻 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医療技術短期大学部専攻科助産学特別専攻 en-keyword=学士の学位 (Bachelor's degree) kn-keyword=学士の学位 (Bachelor's degree) en-keyword=学位授与機構 (National Institution for Academic Degrees) kn-keyword=学位授与機構 (National Institution for Academic Degrees) en-keyword=専攻科助産学特別専攻 (advanced course of midwifery) kn-keyword=専攻科助産学特別専攻 (advanced course of midwifery) en-keyword=大学の単位 (credits) kn-keyword=大学の単位 (credits) en-keyword=学修成果 (results of learning and training) kn-keyword=学修成果 (results of learning and training) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=131 end-page=141 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2002 dt-pub=20020320 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Nursing practice on Midwifery "Postpartum group guidance" by Okayama University School of Health Sciences Advanced Course of Midwifery kn-title=岡山大学医療技術短期大学部専攻科助産学特別専攻における助産学実習の実際｢産褥期集団指導｣ en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=GodaNoriko en-aut-sei=Goda en-aut-mei=Noriko kn-aut-name=合田典子 kn-aut-sei=合田 kn-aut-mei=典子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShiraiKiyoko en-aut-sei=Shirai en-aut-mei=Kiyoko kn-aut-name=白井喜代子 kn-aut-sei=白井 kn-aut-mei=喜代子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkazakiYuka en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Yuka kn-aut-name=岡崎愉加 kn-aut-sei=岡崎 kn-aut-mei=愉加 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部保健学科看護学専攻 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部保健学科看護学専攻 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部保健学科看護学専攻 en-keyword=助産学実習 (nursing practice on Midwifery) kn-keyword=助産学実習 (nursing practice on Midwifery) en-keyword=助産技術学 (techniques of Midwifery) kn-keyword=助産技術学 (techniques of Midwifery) en-keyword=集団指導 (group guidance) kn-keyword=集団指導 (group guidance) en-keyword=産褥期指導 (postpartum guidance) kn-keyword=産褥期指導 (postpartum guidance) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=55 end-page=66 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2002 dt-pub=20021225 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Practice on Management of Midwifery business by Okayama University School of Health Sciences Advanced Course of Midwifery kn-title=岡山大学医療技術短期大学部専攻科助産学特別専攻における助産業務管理学実習の実際 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=GodaNoriko en-aut-sei=Goda en-aut-mei=Noriko kn-aut-name=合田典子 kn-aut-sei=合田 kn-aut-mei=典子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuiTamiko en-aut-sei=Matsui en-aut-mei=Tamiko kn-aut-name=松井たみこ kn-aut-sei=松井 kn-aut-mei=たみこ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部保健学科看護学専攻 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部附属病院 en-keyword=助産業務 (management of Midwifery business) kn-keyword=助産業務 (management of Midwifery business) en-keyword=助産師 (Midwife) kn-keyword=助産師 (Midwife) en-keyword=助産管理実習 (practice on management of Midwifery business) kn-keyword=助産管理実習 (practice on management of Midwifery business) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=95 end-page=101 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2003 dt-pub=20031225 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Deregulation in the Education: The Transition of Nursing Education kn-title=教育における規制媛和 ―看護教育の立場から― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=GodaNoriko en-aut-sei=Goda en-aut-mei=Noriko kn-aut-name=合田典子 kn-aut-sei=合田 kn-aut-mei=典子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhmuroRitsuko en-aut-sei=Ohmuro en-aut-mei=Ritsuko kn-aut-name=大室律子 kn-aut-sei=大室 kn-aut-mei=律子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HosogoeSachiko en-aut-sei=Hosogoe en-aut-mei=Sachiko kn-aut-name=細越幸子 kn-aut-sei=細越 kn-aut-mei=幸子 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiyamaChiharu en-aut-sei=Nishiyama en-aut-mei=Chiharu kn-aut-name=西山智春 kn-aut-sei=西山 kn-aut-mei=智春 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiYoshiko en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Yoshiko kn-aut-name=鈴木良子 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=良子 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部保健学科看護学専攻 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=千葉大学看護学部附属看護実践指導研究センター affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岩手県立大学看護学部看護学科 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=桐生短期大学看護学科 affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=神奈川県立綾瀬西高等学校 en-keyword=規制緩和 (deregulation) kn-keyword=規制緩和 (deregulation) en-keyword=大綱化 (flexibility) kn-keyword=大綱化 (flexibility) en-keyword=教育 (education) kn-keyword=教育 (education) en-keyword=看護教育 (nursing education) kn-keyword=看護教育 (nursing education) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=31 end-page=35 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2003 dt-pub=20031225 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Development of human limb volume meter for evaluation of edema kn-title=浮腫評価のための体肢容積計の開発 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=Quantitative evaluation of the edema is important for perinatal medicine. In a conventional method, the volume of human limb has been estimated by 2 circumferences of the measurement position, which is measured with the tape measure. However, the following errors makes this measurement insufficient; ・the error by the way of winding of a measure to the measurement position, ・the error between volume of model geometry of measurement position and one of real shape of measurement position and so on. Then, we have developed a volume meter of human limb for the edema evaluation, which is high precision and suitable for the everyday use. Archimedes' principle was applied as this measurement principle. The mass change of water tank with water, when the measurement part water in, was converted to volume of measurement part. The linearity, resolution, stability. reproducibility of the volume meter was investigated. Considering these results, we found that the specification of this equipment was high precise as follows; maximum volume of 25,000 cm(3), resolution of 1 cm(3), nonlinearity of 0.007%. We also measured the diurnal volume change of foot and lower leg in three subjects. We found that the differences between foot and lower leg or among the subjects. The developed volume meter can be expected to apply to quantitative evaluation of the edema. kn-abstract=周産期医学にとって浮腫の定量評価は重要である｡これまでは,測定部位の2箇所の周囲長をメジャーで測り,その変化により浮腫を評価している｡また周囲長により容積を推定する方法も提案されている｡しかしながら,この方法ではメジャーの測定部位への巻き付け方による誤差や容積を推定する根拠となる測定部位のモデル形状と実際の測定部位の形状との誤差など様々な誤差の影響により,精度の点からは十分とはいえない｡そこで,本研究では浮腫評価のための高精度で日常的な使用に適した体肢容積計を開発した｡この測定原理はアルキメデスの原理を適用したもので,水を入れた水槽に測定部位を入れる前後の質量変化により,その容積を量るしくみである｡まず,この容積計の出力の線形性,分解能,安定性,再現性について検討を行った｡この結果,本装置の仕様は最大計測容積25,000cm(3),分解能1cm(3),非直線性0.007%以下となり,非常に高精度であるといえる｡また,被験者3名の足部,下腿部の容積の日内変化を測定した結果,各被験者の容積変化の特徴を明らかにすることができ,浮腫評価への応用ができることを確認した。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NakamuraTakao en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Takao kn-aut-name=中村隆夫 kn-aut-sei=中村 kn-aut-mei=隆夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=GodaNoriko en-aut-sei=Goda en-aut-mei=Noriko kn-aut-name=合田典子 kn-aut-sei=合田 kn-aut-mei=典子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShiraiKiyoko en-aut-sei=Shirai en-aut-mei=Kiyoko kn-aut-name=白井喜代子 kn-aut-sei=白井 kn-aut-mei=喜代子 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KusuharaToshimasa en-aut-sei=Kusuhara en-aut-mei=Toshimasa kn-aut-name=楠原俊昌 kn-aut-sei=楠原 kn-aut-mei=俊昌 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoYoshitake en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Yoshitake kn-aut-name=山本尚武 kn-aut-sei=山本 kn-aut-mei=尚武 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部保健学科放射線技術科学専攻 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部保健学科看護学専攻 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部保健学科看護学専攻 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部保健学科放射線技術科学専攻 affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部保健学科放射線技術科学専攻 en-keyword=体肢容積計 (volume meter) kn-keyword=体肢容積計 (volume meter) en-keyword=浮腫 (edema) kn-keyword=浮腫 (edema) en-keyword=アルキメデスの原理 (Archimedes' Principle) kn-keyword=アルキメデスの原理 (Archimedes' Principle) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=39 end-page=49 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2004 dt-pub=20041215 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Nursing Education for a Gender-equal Society* - The Situation of Male Student Nurses - kn-title=男女共同参画社会における看護教育―男子看護学生の動向について― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=Until quite recently, Japanese women had very few opportunities to become financially independent. However, women's rights and independence have been gradually promoted since 1975, the International Women's Year. The 1994 Cairo Conference on Population emphasized women's reproductive rights. Such international movements resulted in the enactment of the 1985 Equal Employment Opportunity Law and the 1999 Law for a Gender-Equal Society in Japan. On the other hand, nursing education had been offered for women only until it became possible for men to become nurses in 1968, when the 1948 law on nursing profession was amended. Almost half a century has passed, but the percentage of male nurses is still limited. There is still much to be done for achieving equality between male nurses and female nurses. We will overview the history of nursing education and discuss the problems that male nurses face. *Low No.78 of 1999 was established to promote genuine eguality between woman and men kn-abstract=題目:男女共同参画社会における看護教育―男子看護学生の動向について― 1975年の国際婦人年以来,カイロ宣言でのリプロダクテイブヘルス/ライツ,北京宣言等次々に男女差別の撤回と女性の自立をめざした運動が推進されてきた｡この女性のエンパワーメント運動の中で,我が国は労働基準法,男女雇用機会均等法,育児休業法等の制定および改正を経て,1999年6月｢男女共同参画社会基本法｣の施行に至った｡以来,国を挙げて男女共同参画社会の構築に取組んでいる｡看護界にあっては昭和23年に制定された保健婦助産婦看護婦法における看護職者は女子とされ,男子には国家免許を得る正式な資格が無かった｡やがて,法の改正とともに男性看護職者の進出が可能となってきた｡しかし,半世紀を経て,なお男性看護職者の占める割合は低く,看護界における男女共同参画の現状は進んでいるとはいい難い｡男性看護職者養成の沿革と現状を概観し,その問題点と課題を検討することとした｡ en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=GodaNoriko en-aut-sei=Goda en-aut-mei=Noriko kn-aut-name=合田典子 kn-aut-sei=合田 kn-aut-mei=典子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhmuroRitsuko en-aut-sei=Ohmuro en-aut-mei=Ritsuko kn-aut-name=大室律子 kn-aut-sei=大室 kn-aut-mei=律子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiyamaChiharu en-aut-sei=Nishiyama en-aut-mei=Chiharu kn-aut-name=西山智春 kn-aut-sei=西山 kn-aut-mei=智春 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiYoshiko en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Yoshiko kn-aut-name=鈴木良子 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=良子 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=FuseChigusa en-aut-sei=Fuse en-aut-mei=Chigusa kn-aut-name=布施千草 kn-aut-sei=布施 kn-aut-mei=千草 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoYukie en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Yukie kn-aut-name=松本幸枝 kn-aut-sei=松本 kn-aut-mei=幸枝 aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部保健学科看護学専攻 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=千葉大学看護学部附属看護実践指導研究センター affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=桐生短期大学看護学科 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=神奈川県立綾瀬西高等学校 affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=植草学園短期大学福祉学科地域介護福祉専攻 affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=植草学園短期大学福祉学科地域介護福祉専攻 en-keyword=男女共同参画社会 (Gender-equal society) kn-keyword=男女共同参画社会 (Gender-equal society) en-keyword=男子看護師学生 (male student nurse) kn-keyword=男子看護師学生 (male student nurse) en-keyword=看護教育 (nursing education) kn-keyword=看護教育 (nursing education) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=97 end-page=106 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1998 dt-pub=19980131 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Problems in Puerperants and Neonates from Discharge to 1-Month-Old Health Checkup kn-title=退院から1ヵ月健診までの褥婦と新生児の問題 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=For adaptation of neonates to the life outside the mother, puerperants should begin child-rearing without a break after delivery and therefore, are in an unstable state in the body and mind. To promote a stable life in puerperants and growth in neonates, we visited neonates during the period from discharge to 1-month-old health checkup. The subjects were 25 primiparas and 25 multiparas who transviginally delivered between 1994 and 1996. The most frequent problem in the body was fatigue (50%) in the puerperants and redness in the buttocks (40%) in the neonates. In breast management, problems about the breast-feeding method were most frequently observed (22%). In the life of puerperants, 42% were slow in extending activites of daily living. Concerning the living environment of neonates, the number of multiparas who measure room temperature was significantly lower than that of primiparas. Concerning child-rearing techniques, the most frequent problem was that the mother does not change the position of the neonate (56%). kn-abstract=新生児が母体外での生活に適応できるようにするため,褥婦は分娩後休む間もなく育児に取り組まなければならず,心身共に不安定を状態にある｡そこで,褥婦の安らかな生活と新生児の健やかな成長を促すことを目的とし,退院から1ヵ月健診までの間に訪問または電話による聴き取り調査を実施した｡対象は,1994年から1996年に経膣分娩した褥婦50名である｡その結果以下のことがわかった｡身体に関する問題で最も多かったのは,褥婦は疲労25名(50.0%),新生児は臀部発赤20名(40.0%)であった｡乳房管理の問題は,授乳方法に関することが最も多く11名(22.0%)であった｡褥婦の生活では,動静拡大時期の遅い者が21名(42.0%)で,初産婦の方が有意に遅かった｡新生児の生活環境では,経産婦の方が有意に室内の温度･湿度を測定していなかった｡育児技術の問題は,体位変換をしていないが最も多く28名(56.0%)であった｡混合栄養を行っていた22名のうち14名(63.6%)が新生児にとって不必要な人工乳を与えていた｡ en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkazakiYuka en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Yuka kn-aut-name=岡崎愉加 kn-aut-sei=岡崎 kn-aut-mei=愉加 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=GodaNoriko en-aut-sei=Goda en-aut-mei=Noriko kn-aut-name=合田典子 kn-aut-sei=合田 kn-aut-mei=典子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShiraiKiyoko en-aut-sei=Shirai en-aut-mei=Kiyoko kn-aut-name=白井喜代子 kn-aut-sei=白井 kn-aut-mei=喜代子 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医療技術短期大学部専攻科助産学特別専攻 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医療技術短期大学部専攻科助産学特別専攻 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医療技術短期大学部専攻科助産学特別専攻 en-keyword=新生児訪問 (visits to neonates) kn-keyword=新生児訪問 (visits to neonates) en-keyword=褥婦 (problems in puerperants) kn-keyword=褥婦 (problems in puerperants) en-keyword=新生児 (problems in neonates) kn-keyword=新生児 (problems in neonates) en-keyword=母子支援 (support of the mother and child) kn-keyword=母子支援 (support of the mother and child) END