岡山英文学会Acta Medica Okayama0389-7788412014語学的文体論に基づく大学英語教育 －二篇の英詩を教材として－3147ENNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院教育学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1883-24231602015英語教科書の歴史に辿る教材としての英詩 ─ 有海（1938）再考 ─3950ENKyokoWakimotoHisato Ariumi, a teacher of English in a middle school, published an enlightening book entitled Flowers Blooming in English Readers (1938), in which he showed, with a detailed interpretation of each poem, how to teach traditional poetry in class. English poetry, which used to be helpful teaching material in the prewar period, has long been virtually ignored in school education. Two reasons for this would be conceivable: one is that poetry is too difficult for students to understand who are not familiar with the rules of verse, and the other is that it is often regarded as useless or irrelevant to their preparation for entrance examinations. Are these really true? To examine this issue, the present paper reconsiders
Ariumi (1938), aiming at exploring the means to make an effective use of his approach in today's English education.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学教育学部Acta Medica Okayama0471-400813312006文学作品に見る18世紀の流行語 ―Goldsmith のThe Vicar of Wakefield を中心として―111ENKyokoWakimotoThe Vicar of Wakefield, Goldsmith's only novel published in 1776, embodies a wide variety of lexical features which reflect the 18th century British hierarchical society. The present paper aims at exploring words in vogue in those days especially among 'people of fashion.' Words of historical significant in this novel, as well as in several other contemporary literary works, are examined from a philological point of view, each of their etymological origins being traced mainly with the aid of the Oxford English Dictionary. Through the discussion in this paper, we hope to illuminate some linguistic trends, along with some fashionable taste, in 18th century London.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学教育学部Acta Medica Okayama0471-400813812008抽象名詞の複数についての一考察―Richardsonの書簡体小説を中心として―3343ENKyokoWakimotoUnlike Japanese, English makes a clear distinction between 'singular' and 'plural' by grammatical nleans. Although the concept of plural should logically be applied to countable nouns, there are quite a few examples found in actual use of the language where an uncountable noun takes a plural form. Some abstract nouns can be pluralized to denote individualized meanings or components, while others may be pluralized to emphasize the quality, condition
or degree. The latter type is specifically called 'intensive plural' (or 'emotional plural' by some scholars). This article discusses the use of the plural of abstract nouns mainly through a corpus-based analysis of the three epistolary novels by Sanluel Richardson who is supposed to have given a remarkable influence on sentimental literature.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院教育学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1883-24231402009否定表現から比較するAustenのPride and PrejudiceとRichardsonのPamela4354ENKyokoWakimotoJane Austen inherited a rich variety of stylistic legacies from her predecessor Samuel Richardson. Among their characteristic features in common is included the use of "double negation, "the device of which is specifically called "litotes" in rhetorical terminology. The present paper examines Austen's use of negative expressions mainly through her Pride and Prejudice (1813) as our linguistic material. A comparative discussion is made,with the aid of
computational analysis, on Richardson's Pamela (1740) as well as on several prose fictions from the late 17th to the early 19th century. Our purpose here is twofold : to show statistically the frequency of occurrence of fifteen negative words found in those prose fictions, and to analyse the chief stylistic effects of double negatives extensively used by Austen and Richardson.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院教育学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1883-24231492012Richardsonの小説に見る否定表現としての合成語3342ENKyokoWakimotoIn our previous several papers,we examined negative expressions in Richardson's epistolary novels mainly from the viewpoint of ''word-formation." our last paper,in particular, was devoted to considering his use of un-words. The present paper continues to discuss negative expressions further in the perspective of word-formation. This time our focus is put on the analysis of "Compounds" used as negation(including
quasi-negation"). The analysis is made in three substantial sections; the first two sections provide some representative examples, with the remaining one confined to the discussion of the author's technique as a word-maker. In the process of summing up Our discussions, We hope to point out his linguistic influences on Jane Austen, aprominent female writer of the coming generation.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院教育学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1883-24231472011Richardsonの小説におけるun-派生語の考察6979ENKyokoWakimotoOne of the stylistic features in Samuel Richardson's epistolary novels is an abundant variety of negative expressions. Among them is included the addition of negative affixes such as dis-, in-, un- and less, by which new words are produced to convey new meanings and ideas. The present paper aims at exploring Richardson's use of negative prefixes. Our focus here is put on the analysis of "un-words." Types and frequencies of the un-words examined through the corpus of Richardson's three works(i.e. Pamela, Clarissa and Sir Charles Grandison) are shown in four tables. Referring to the word lists in the tables, we discuss how and why Richardson may have tried to create new word forms.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学教育学部Acta Medica Okayama0471-400813612007RichardsonのPamelaにおける悪態語 -人を表す喩えを中心として-7384ENKyokoWakimotoAs examined in our previous papers, Richardson's Pamela contains a rich variety of expressions, whether endearing or depreciatory, which are applied to male/female characters in the novel. In succession to Wakimoto(2007c), the present paper continues to examine the terms of abuse found in Pamela. This time, our focus of discussion is on the terms used allusively or figuratively. In figurative language, a referent is substituted by another word or phrase which embodies, in a more effective way, the central features of the referent. It appears quite likely, therefore, that most, if not all, of those which are represented by such rhetorical devices as 'metaphor' or 'metonymy' give more vivid and clearer impressions. Our purpose here in this paper is twofold: first to classify some remarkable of examples of symbolic words in Pamela, and then to make a rough comparison with Fielding's two parodies of it.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学教育学部Acta Medica Okayama0471-400813512007RichardsonのPamelaにおける悪態語 -FieldingのShamelaとJoseph Andrewsと比較して-95107ENKyokoWakimotoThroughout its long history, the English Language has produced a wide variety of terms applied to men and/or woman, most of which are found in address forms in spoken language. Literary authors make an effective use of different terms as variation, whether abusive or endearing, to have their works reflect the colloquial language of their days. Eighteenth-century British literary works can be valuable materials for us to analyse linguistic features. The present artice aims at examining the terms of abuse in Richardson Pamela (1740) from a historical perspective. A comparative discussionis made, where necessary, on two contemporary literary works from the same perspective, in the hope of sketching out the semantic history of each term and exploring one phase of colloquialism in those days.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院教育学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1883-24231442010RichardsonのPamelaにおける性差に基づく対語について7583ENKyokoWakimotoEnglish has a multitude of word-pairs based on gender differences. In their usage, however, many of the paired words have not been treated equally in a strict sense as can typically be seen in the case of 'man' and 'woman.' The present article discusses the most basic issue of masculine and feminine tenns mainly through a historical perspective. Our linguistic material here is Samuel Richardson's Pamela (1740) which offers good examples to show gender and class differences of address forms; for its theme concerns a maid-servant's conflict against her master and his equals. We hope to explore the author's social attitudes reflected in his choice of gender-specific words.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山英文学会Acta Medica Okayama0389-7788462019Richardson の小説における “half” の使用法 : 18 世紀の英語辞書と照らし合わせて1329ENKyokoWakimotoNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学教育学部Acta Medica Okayama0471-400813412007Richardson の Pamela についての一考察 ―語形成の面から―119128ENKyokoWakimotoSamuel Richardson played an important role in the early history of British vovels. He described women's inner feelings in epistolary form with such vividness and delicacy as was never practiced by any of his predecessors. In examinig Richardson's style of his epistolary novels, therefore, we should not pass over his skillful use of emotional words. Actually, the lexical features serve as an essential constituent to make his works more interesting and appealing; for his "most characteristic linguistic innovation was in vocabulary," as Ian Wattaptly suggests in his The Rise of the Novel. The present paper aims at analyzing the lexical features in Richardson's Pamela mainly from the perspective of 'word-formation.' Various compound words in the novel, along with their derivatives, are discussed in comparison with those found in its contemporary literary works.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学教育学部Acta Medica Okayama0471-400813112006Oaths, Imprecations and Other Blasphemous Formulas in Goldsmith's She Stoops to Conquer and Sheridan's The Rivals7991ENKyokoWakimotoSome people may resort to foul language like swearing and cursing to vent uncontrollably intense feelings. These profane and stigmatized expressions, which occur in a large variety of forms, have evolved for centuries and are now deep-rooted in English-sy>eaking countries. It is true that most of them have lost their original or literal senses and are used merely as meaningless expletives, but there are some which are still deemed strictly as taboo--social restrictions prohibit their use in public. This article deals with oaths, imprecations and other blasphemous formulas found in Goldsmith's She Stoops to Conquer (1773) and Sheridan's The Rivals (1775). Examples are sorted according to their fundamental meanings, with some statistical analyses added in a later section for further discussion. We are concerned here particularly
with the linguistic features influenced by such social factors as "gender" and "class," tracing the trends in 18th century British society. We hope to elucidate what conventional formulas were widely adopted in those days and how new modes were devised by each author.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院教育学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1883-24231422009Clarissaにおける発話の表出について ―Pamelaと比較して―3948ENKyokoWakimotoSamuel Richardson firmly believed that "the narrative in the form of correspondence" would give a stronger and more vivid impression than what he describes as "the dry, narrative, unanimated Style" in his Preface to Clarissa. Although his Pamela and Clarissa are both written in the epistolary form, there are considerable differences found in his stylistic features between these two, particularly in terms of speech presentation and the use of reporting
verbs. The purpose of this article is to explore linguistically his innovative devices for presenting speeches in Clarissa in comparison with Pamela. Our concern here is not with the extensive varieties of speech presentation, but with those which serve to demonstrate the
author's creative skills.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学教育学部Acta Medica Okayama0471-400813712008'Creature' についての共時的・通時的考察 －Richardson の書簡体小説を中心として－115124ENKyokoWakimotoThe present paper aims at examinig the word 'creature' from both synchronic and diachronic perspectives. The first section begins with providing several definitions of 'creature,' along with its etymology, in reference to such major dictionaries as the Oxford English Dictionary and Johnson's A Dictionary of the English Language(1755). In the subsequent three sections, the frequency and the collocation of this word are investigated through Richardson's Pamela and Clarissa as our main linguistic materials. A comparative discussion is made with several literary works from the late 16th to the early 19th centuries. Our final purpose here is to explore one of the stylistic features peculiar to 'sentimentalism' - a literary trend in eighteenth century English where Richardson played a significant role as its founder.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.