気管支喘息に対する食事療法｡N-3系脂肪酸(エゴマ油)によるロイコトリエン産生抑制

N-3系脂肪酸の気管支喘息に対する有用性が示唆されているが,その評価は定まっていない｡今回,5人の気管支喘息患者に対しN-3系脂肪酸であるαリノレン酸を豊富に含有するエゴマ油を用いた食事療法を行い,臨床症状,ピークフロー値,末梢白血球からのロイコトリエン産生能,血漿リン脂質中の脂肪酸組成につき検討を行った｡2週間の食事療法の前後でピークフロー値は有意な改善を示し(p<0.05),カルシウムイオノファー刺激によるロイコトリエン(LT)産生能は治療前後でLTB4が77.6ng/5×106cellsから41.6ng/5×10(6)cells(p<0.05)に,LTC4は64.0ng/5×10(6)cellsから38･8ng/5×10(6)cells(p<0.05)とともに有意な改善を認めた。また血漿リン脂質中のN-3系脂肪酸(αリノレン酸,エイコサペンタエン酸,ドコサヘキサエン酸)も有意な上昇を認めた。以上よりN-3系脂肪酸(エゴマ油)を用いた食事療法の有用性が示唆された｡

The therapeutic trials using N-3 fatty acids such as fish oil have been reported in patients with bronchial asthma, while its effect is still controversial. The effects of dietary supplementation with perilla seed oil rich in alpha-linolenic acid (α-LNA), parent n-3 fatty acid, were studied in five patients with asthma. The symptoms of asthma and mean peak flow rates (PFR) both early in the morning and in the evening were improved 2 weeks after the dietary supplementation and the increases of peak flow rates were significant (p<0.05). The generation of leukotriene B4 (LB4) by peripheral leukocytes stimulated with Ca ionophore A23187 was significantly suppressed from 77.6 ng/5×10(6) cells to 41.6ng/5×10(6) cells by the supplementation (P<0.05). The generation of leukotriene C4 (LTC4) by leukocytes was also significantly suppressed from 64.0 ng/5×10(6) cells to 38.8ng/5×10(6) cells after the manipulation with perilla seed oil (P<0.05). The concentration of N-3 fatty acids (such as α-LNA,　eicosapentaenoic, and docosahekisaenoic acids) in plasma phospholipid increased significantly after the dietary supplementation (P<0.05). These results suggest that dietary supplementation with perilla seed oil is beneficial for the treatment of asthma.