start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=11
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=57
end-page=63
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2011
dt-pub=201101
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Full genomic analysis of a simian SA11-like G3P[2] rotavirus strain isolated from an asymptomatic infant: Identification of novel VP1, VP6 and NSP4 genotypes
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=We report here the full genomic analysis of a simian SA11-like G3P[2] group A rotavirus (GAR) strain, B10, isolated from an asymptomatic infant in Kenya in 1987. By nucleotide sequence identities and phylogenetic analyses, the VP7–VP4–VP2–VP3–NSP1–NSP2–NSP3–NSP5 genes of strain B10 exhibited maximum genetic relatedness to those of the different isolates of simian strain SA11, and were assigned to the G3–P[2]–C5–M5–A5–N5–T5–H5 genotypes, respectively. On the other hand, the VP1, VP6 and NSP4 genes of strain B10 did not belong to any of the established GAR genotypes, and therefore, were assigned to new genotype numbers R8, I16 and E13, respectively, by the Rotavirus Classification Working Group. These observations suggested that strain B10 might have originated from reassortment event/s involving simian SA11-like strains and GAR strains from unknown animal host species (possibly other wild animals) preceding transmission to humans. Alternatively, considering the lack of data on simian GARs, it might be also possible that the VP1, VP6 and NSP4 genes of strain B10 are those of unknown simian strains, and that strain B10 might be a typical simian strain that was directly transmitted to humans. Therefore, either hypothesis pointed towards a rare instance of possible direct transmission of GARs from an animal host (possibly a monkey or some other wild animal) to humans. This was corroborated by the presence of different species of wild animals including non-human primates, and unhygienic conditions at the sampling site. To our knowledge, the present study is the first report on the detection of a simian SA11-like G3P[2] GAR strain in humans.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=GhoshSouvik
en-aut-sei=Ghosh
en-aut-mei=Souvik
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=GatheruZipporah
en-aut-sei=Gatheru
en-aut-mei=Zipporah
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NyangaoJames
en-aut-sei=Nyangao
en-aut-mei=James
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=AdachiNoriaki
en-aut-sei=Adachi
en-aut-mei=Noriaki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=UrushibaraNoriko
en-aut-sei=Urushibara
en-aut-mei=Noriko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KobayashiNobumichi
en-aut-sei=Kobayashi
en-aut-mei=Nobumichi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Hygiene, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=Centre for Virus Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=Centre for Virus Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute

affil-num=4
en-affil=
kn-affil=Kushiro City General Hospital

affil-num=5
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Hygiene, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine

affil-num=6
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Hygiene, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
en-keyword=Group A rotavirus
kn-keyword=Group A rotavirus
en-keyword=Novel genotypes
kn-keyword=Novel genotypes
en-keyword=Zoonosis
kn-keyword=Zoonosis
en-keyword=Simian
kn-keyword=Simian
en-keyword=Human
kn-keyword=Human
END