start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=72 cd-vols= no-issue=5-7 article-no= start-page=1445 end-page=1453 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1960 dt-pub=19600730 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Influences of Electrical Stimulation (In Vitro) on the Metabolism of the Brain Part 1. Influences of Electrical Stimulation (In Vitro) on the Cereral Tissue Respiration kn-title=電気刺戟（in vitro）の脳物質代謝におよぼす影響 第1編 電気刺戟（in vitro）の大脳組織呼吸におよぼす影響 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=Using slices and homogenates of the cerebral cortex of albino rats in the K.R.P. solution with glucose and glutamic acids as substrate, the author studied the tissue respiration in vitro giving electrical stimualtion, and obtained the following results. 1. In the case with the use of homogenate with glucose the tissue respiration was accelerated about 70 per cent by the electrical stimulation. 2. The percentage of the acceleration in the tissue respiration by electrical Stimulation in the case of cerebral slices was 463 percent on the average with 12 mM glucose as substrate, and 270 per cent on the average with M/50 glutamic acid as substrate. 3. In addition, it seems that in the case using glutamic acid smaller slices yield higher acceleration of the tissue respiration. 4. Even without glucose as substrate the respiration is considerably accelerated by electrical stimulation. 5. In the case where the electrical stimulation is given by Augospel apparatus (a low frequency therapeutic apparatus) to the cerebral cortex slices with glucose as substrate, the percentage of the respiration acceleration was 244 per cent. kn-abstract=1) K. R. P.溶液中のダイコクネズミ大脳皮質切片及びホモジネートにin vitro電気刺戟を加え,ブドウ糖及びグルタミン酸基質における組織呼吸を調べた. 2) ブドウ糖基質ホモジネートでは,電気刺戟によつて,その呼吸は70%近く促進された. 3) 大脳皮質切片の電気刺戟による呼吸促進率は, 12mMブドウ糖基質では平均463%, M50グルタミン酸基質では平均270%であつた. 4) 尚,グルタミン酸基質の場合,切片の小さい方が呼吸促進率は大のようであつた. 5) 又,基質なしでも電気刺戟によつて相当の呼吸促進がみられた. 6) ブドウ糖基質大脳皮質切片に, Augospelによる電気刺戟を加えた場合の呼吸促進率は244%であつた. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KumashiroHisashi en-aut-sei=Kumashiro en-aut-mei=Hisashi kn-aut-name=熊代永 kn-aut-sei=熊代 kn-aut-mei=永 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部神経精神医学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=72 cd-vols= no-issue=5-7 article-no= start-page=1455 end-page=1461 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1960 dt-pub=19600730 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Influences of Electrical Stimulation (In Vitro) on the Metabolism of the Brain Part 2. Influences of Electrical Stimulation (in vitro) on the Cerebral Nitrogen Metabolism kn-title=電気刺戟（in vitro）の脳物質代謝におよぼす影響 第2編 電気刺戟（in vitro）の大脳窒素代謝におよぼす影響 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=Using homogenates and slices of the cerebral cortex obtained from albino rats the author studied the influences of electrical stimulation (in vitro) on the formation of ammonia (NH(3)) and obtained the following results. In the case of homogenate an increase in the NH(3) production was observed while with slices a decrease. Howevar, in the case of slices an acceleration in the production of glutamine could also be recognized. Thus, it is assumed that in the case of the slices the decrease in the NH(3) production is in reality due to NH(3) being consumed in the processes of the glutamine production. Therefore, it can be said that the electrical stimulation (in vitro) accelerates the synthesis of glutamine in the cerebral cortex slice. This fact has been confirmed also by the experiments conducted with the additicn of NH(3) ion and sodium glutamate. kn-abstract=ダイコクネズミ大脳ホモジネート及び,大脳皮質切片に, in vitroで電気刺戟を加え,アンモニヤ発生に及ぼす影響をみた.その結果,ホモジネートでは,アンモニヤ発生の増加をみ,切片では,アンモエヤ発生の減少がみられた.所が切片では同時にグルタミン生成の促進もみられた. 従つて切片の場合のアンモニヤ発生の減少と云うのは,実は生成されるアンモニヤが,グルタミンとしてとらえられる事によるのではないかと推論した.従つて電気刺戟(in vitro)は大脳皮質切片のグルタミン合成系を促進すると云うことになる. このことは更に,アンモニウムイオンとグルタミン酸ソーダを基質とした実験においても確かめられた. 又,α-Keto glntaric acidとNH4Clからのグルタミン酸生成系に通電しても,これを促進せしめるようであつた. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KumashiroHisashi en-aut-sei=Kumashiro en-aut-mei=Hisashi kn-aut-name=熊代永 kn-aut-sei=熊代 kn-aut-mei=永 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部神経精神医学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=72 cd-vols= no-issue=5-7 article-no= start-page=1463 end-page=1469 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1960 dt-pub=19600730 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Influences of Electrical Stimulation (In Vitro) on the Metabolism of the Brain Part 3. Influences of Electrical Stimulation (in vitro) on the Cerebral Transamination kn-title=電気刺戟（in vitro）の脳物質代謝におよぼす影響 第3編 電気刺戟（in vitro）の大脳トランスアミネーションにおよぼす影響 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=With the use of homogenate of the brains and cerebral cortex slices obtained from albino rats, Pithecus monkey and human, the author observed the influences of electrical stimulation (in vitro) on the fransamination, and obtained the following results. 1. In the case of albino rat cerebrum the electrical stimulation inhibited the synthesis of glutamic acid from the aspatic acid 14.6 per cent with homogenate and 9.6 per cent with slices. Namely, the rate of such inhibition seems to he greater in the case of homogenate than in the case of slices. In addition, in the alanine series ne marked changes could be recognired but in GABA series all tended to receive a slight inhibitory effect. In all cases, however, the rate of reactivity is diminished more with slices than with homogenates. 2. In the case of the cerebral cortex homogenate of monkey, the electrical stimulation inhibited the glutamic and production in the aspartic acid seriet about 11 per cent on the average. In the case of the normal human cerebral cortex slices, the electrical stimulation accelerated the glutamic acid production about 11.3 per cent on the average, while in the case of atrophic human cerebral cortex homogenate hardly any changes could be recognized. In comparing the rats of reactivity in the case of the normal human cerebral cortex slices it is about 20 per cent higher both in the control group and experimental group than in the case of the slices of albino rats. In the cisa of the atrophic human cerebral cortex homogenate the reactivity was slightly lower than in the case of albino rats. kn-abstract=1) ダイコクネズミ,タイワンザル,ヒト脳の大脳ホモジネートおよび大脳皮質切片を用いて電気刺戟(in vitro)のトランスアミネーションにおよぼす影響をみた. 2) ダイコクネズミ大脳においてはAsGT活性は電気刺戟によつてホモジネートでは14.6%切片では9.6%阻害された.すなわちホモジネートの方が切片より阻害率は著明なようであつた.またAIGT活性は電気刺戟によつてホモジネート,切片とも著変なく,γAGT活性は電気刺戟によつてホモジネート,切片とも阻害傾向を示した.そこでAIGTは酵素系が異なるためではないかと推論した.また反応率はいづれの場合も切片の方がホモジネートより減少していた. 3) タイワンザル大脳皮質ホモジネートにおいてはAsGT活性は電気刺戟によつて平均約11%阻害された.またヒト健常大脳皮質切片においてはAsGT活性は電気刺戟によつて平均約11.3%の促進をみ,ヒト萎縮大脳皮質ホモジネートにおいては殆ど変化をみなかつた.また反応率を比較するとヒト健常大脳皮質切片ではダイコクネズミの切片の場合に比し対照時,刺戟時ともに約20%高く,ヒト萎縮大脳皮質ホモジネートではダイコクネズミのそれに比しやや低い値を示した.すなわち萎縮脳のAsGT活性の低下が考えられる. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KumashiroHisashi en-aut-sei=Kumashiro en-aut-mei=Hisashi kn-aut-name=熊代永 kn-aut-sei=熊代 kn-aut-mei=永 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部神経精神医学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=72 cd-vols= no-issue=5-7 article-no= start-page=1471 end-page=1477 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1960 dt-pub=19600730 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Influences of Electrical Stimulation (In Vitro) on the Metabolism of the Brain Part 4. Influences of Electrical Stimulation (in vitro) on Amino-N of the Cerebrum kn-title=電気刺戟（in vitro）の脳物質代謝におよぼす影響 第4編 電気刺戟（in vifro）の大脳アミノ窒素におよぼす影響 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=1. By incubating the cerebral cortex slices of albino rats under aerobic and anaerobic conditions both with glucose and without any substrate, the author assayed amino-N in the suspension of the carebral cortex slices under electrical stimulation by the modified ninhydrin method. 2. In the case of the incubation under aerobic condition without substrate, amino-N tends to decrease by the electrical stimulation at 60 and 120 minutes of incubation, while in the control with glucose before electrical stimulation it is typical that the value of amino-N is already markedly low, but when it is stimulated by electricity, it conversely tends to increase. 3. In the case of anaerobic condition with or without substrate, in both cases 60 minutes afterward amino-N tends to show a slight decrease by the electrical stimulation. 4. The control values of amino-N without electrical stimulation both under the anaerobic condtions and under the aerobic condition without substrate take approximately the same course with lapse of time, and the value at 60 minutes of incubation is greater than that at 30 minutes. This increasing tendency along with the lapse of time is, however, suppressed when incubated under aerobic condition with glucose. kn-abstract=1) ダイコクネズミ大脳皮質切片を好気的および嫌気的条件下でインクブイトし.それぞれについて基質なく.およびブドウ糖基質のもとの電気刺戟時の浮游液中のアミノ窒素量をニンヒドリン改良法により測定した. 2) 好気的で基質のない場合はインクベイト60分. 120分においてアミノ窒素は電気刺戟によつて減少傾向を示し.ブドウ糖基質の場合は.電気刺戟を加えない対照値のアミノ窒素がすでに著明な低値を示し,特異的であり.これに電気刺戟を加えると逆にアミノ窒素は増加傾向を示した. 3) 嫌気的では基質なし.およびブドウ糖基質.いづれも60分後においてアミノ窒素は電気刺戟によつて多少の減少傾向を示した. 4) 電気刺戟を加えない対照値アミノ窒素は嫌気的.および好気的基質なしの条件下では大体同様の時間的経過を示し. 30分値より60分値の方が増加していた.そしてこの時間的増加傾向は好気的.ブドウ糖基質の条件下では抑制された. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KumashiroHisashi en-aut-sei=Kumashiro en-aut-mei=Hisashi kn-aut-name=熊代永 kn-aut-sei=熊代 kn-aut-mei=永 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部神経精神医学教室 END