Newcastle Disease Virusの免疫に関する研究 第1編 Newcastle Disease Virusの免疫反応に就て

Although there have been made many reports that the infection and vaccination of Neweastle disease virus can produce high immunity, the vaccination in the case of virus diseases is, still now, not sufficiently effective. This experiment is performed to make some contribution to the production of general virus vaccines, by studying the problems of immunity engendered with inactivated vaccines. Here the author makes reports on the results of re-examination of various serum reactions, which are often applied to immune rections, and, at the same time, on the various new facts observed through this experiment. The materials used for this experiment were the emulsions of the fowl brains and embryos, and chorioallantoic fluid. The strain of virus used was Miyadera strain of Newcastle disease virus. 1) The LD50 of this strain for the embryonated eggs, 3-day chickens, 20-day chickens and 35-day chickens were 10-11.5, 10-15.5, 10-13.1 and 10-4.8 respectively. Therefore, the infectious titer falls remarkably as the age of chickens increases. 2) The positive titers of Hirst's phenomenon of this Miyadera strain were from 320 to 1280, and hemagglutination test with fowl immune serum showed inhibitation titers from 320 to 640. 3) The guinea-pig serum, immunized with Newcastle disease virus-infected chorioallantoic fluid, showed complement fixation with the antigen of chorioallantoic membrane, with the antigen separated with kaolin from chorioallantoic fluid, and the antigen purified from chick-embryos. In this case, the condensation of purified antigen is not so necessary. 4) Complement fixation inhibitation is completed by using the fowl immune serum. 5) The neutralization with fowl immune serum drawn on the fifteenth and thirty-fifth day after injection of the antigen, showed the log. neutralization of 3.1 and 3.7 respectively. 6) The sensitized red cell agglutination was tested with the serum drawn, as days went by after the inoculation, from the adult fowls inoculated with Newcastle disease virus-infected chorioallantoic fluid. This agglutination test showed the maximum positive titer of 640 on the sixth or eighth day and disappeared on the twenty-second day after the inoculation. 7) As to the hemagglutination inhibitation test, however, it showed the maximum titer of 640 on the twenty-second day, but, on the thirty-fifth day, it fell to fairly low titer. 8) The log. neutralization showed the maximum titer of 5.5 on the twenty-second day after inoculation, but, on the thirty-fifth day, it fell to 5.2, the same titer as that on tho twenty-second day.