start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=79 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=93 end-page=100 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=202504 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Lower Work Engagement Is Associated with Insomnia, Psychological Distress, and Neck Pain among Junior and Senior High School Teachers in Japan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=School teachers are subject to both physical and mental health problems. We examined cross-sectional relationships between work engagement and major health outcomes among junior and senior high school teachers in Japan via a nationwide survey in 2019-2020. A total of 3,160 respondents were included in the analyses (19.9% response rate). Work engagement was assessed with the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale-9 (UWES-9), and we thus divided the teachers into quartiles according to their UWES-9 scores. Based on validated questionnaires, we assessed insomnia, psychological distress, and neck pain as health outcomes. A binomial logistic regression adjusted for age, gender, school type, teacher’s roles, involvement in club activities, division of duties, employment status, and whether they lived with family demonstrated that the teachers with lower UWES-9 scores had higher burdens of insomnia, psychological distress, and neck pain (odds ratios [95% confidence intervals] in 4th vs. 1st quartile, 2.92 (2.34-3.65), 3.70 (2.81-4.88), and 2.12 (1.68-2.68), respectively; all trend p<0.001). There were no significant differences in these associations between full-time and part-time teachers. Our findings indicate that low work engagement may contribute to physical and mental health issues among junior and senior high school teachers, thus providing insights for preventing health problems in this profession. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TsuchieRina en-aut-sei=Tsuchie en-aut-mei=Rina kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukudaMari en-aut-sei=Fukuda en-aut-mei=Mari kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsumuraHideki en-aut-sei=Tsumura en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KinutaMinako en-aut-sei=Kinuta en-aut-mei=Minako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HisamatsuTakashi en-aut-sei=Hisamatsu en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KandaHideyuki en-aut-sei=Kanda en-aut-mei=Hideyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Public Health, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Public Health, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Psychology, Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Public Health, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Public Health, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Public Health, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=work engagement kn-keyword=work engagement en-keyword=school teachers kn-keyword=school teachers en-keyword=insomnia kn-keyword=insomnia en-keyword=psychological distress kn-keyword=psychological distress en-keyword=neck pain kn-keyword=neck pain END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=29 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=156 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250411 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Clinical-level screening of sleep apnea syndrome with single-lead ECG alone is achievable using machine learning with appropriate time windows en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Purpose To establish a simple and noninvasive screening test for sleep apnea (SA) that imposes less burden on potential patients. The specific objective of this study was to verify the effectiveness of past and future single-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) data from SA occurrence sites in improving the estimation accuracy of SA and sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) using machine learning.
Methods The Apnea-ECG dataset comprising 70 ECG recordings was used to construct various machine-learning models. The time window size was adjusted based on the accuracy of SA detection, and the performance of SA detection and SAS diagnosis (apnea‒hypopnea index ≥ 5 was considered SAS) was compared.
Results Using ECG data from a few minutes before and after the occurrence of SAs improved the estimation accuracy of SA and SAS in all machine learning models. The optimal range of the time window and achieved accuracy for SAS varied by model; however, the sensitivity ranged from 95.7 to 100%, and the specificity ranged from 91.7 to 100%.
Conclusions ECG data from a few minutes before and after SA occurrence were effective in SA detection and SAS diagnosis, confirming that SA is a continuous phenomenon and that SA affects heart function over a few minutes before and after SA occurrence. Screening tests for SAS, using data obtained from single-lead ECGs with appropriate past and future time windows, should be performed with clinical-level accuracy. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamaneTakahiro en-aut-sei=Yamane en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiiMasanori en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Masanori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoritaMizuki en-aut-sei=Morita en-aut-mei=Mizuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Biomedical Informatics, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Geriatric Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Biomedical Informatics, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Disease screening kn-keyword=Disease screening en-keyword=Sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) kn-keyword=Sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) en-keyword=Single-lead ECG kn-keyword=Single-lead ECG en-keyword=Artificial intelligence kn-keyword=Artificial intelligence en-keyword=Machine learning kn-keyword=Machine learning END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250128 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Wake Not a Sleeping Lion: Free Trade Agreements and Decision Rights in Multinationals en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Free trade agreements with rules of origin affect the location of input production for vertically integrated multinational enterprises. The relocation induced by a free trade agreement changes the allocation of decision rights within multinational enterprises and the purpose of transfer pricing from avoiding high taxes to strengthening their product market competitiveness. This study shows that a free trade agreement with rules of origin may hurt both a multinational enterprise and a local firm, despite tariff elimination, when the relocation occurs and the decision rights change from centralization to decentralization. Moreover, such a free trade agreement can hurt consumers. Nevertheless, rules of origin increase the feasibility of free trade agreements due to larger tax revenues. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MukunokiHiroshi en-aut-sei=Mukunoki en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkoshiHirofumi en-aut-sei=Okoshi en-aut-mei=Hirofumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Faculty of Economics, Gakushuin University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Faculty of Economics, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=free trade agreements kn-keyword=free trade agreements en-keyword=managerial incentives kn-keyword=managerial incentives en-keyword=rules of origin kn-keyword=rules of origin en-keyword=transfer pricing kn-keyword=transfer pricing END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=103 cd-vols= no-issue=32 article-no= start-page=e39113 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=20240809 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Insomnia among patients with chronic pain A retrospective study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Insomnia can coexist with chronic pain and is a major cause of rapidly increasing medical expenses. However, insomnia has not been fully evaluated in patients with chronic pain. This retrospective study aimed to identify the risk factors for insomnia in patients with chronic non-cancer pain. A total of 301 patients with chronic non-cancer pain were enrolled. Patients with the Athens insomnia scale scores >= 6 and < 6 were classified into insomnia (+) and insomnia (-) groups, respectively. All patients completed self-report questionnaires as part of their chronic pain treatment approach. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to predict insomnia. We found that 219 of 301 (72.8%) patients met the AIS criteria for insomnia. Significant differences were depicted between patients with and without insomnia in terms of body mass index, numeric rating scale, pain catastrophizing scale, hospital anxiety, and depression scale (HADS), pain disability assessment scale, EuroQol 5 dimension (EQ5D), and pain self-efficacy questionnaire. Multiple regression analysis identified the numeric rating scale, HADS, and EQ5D scores as factors related to insomnia in patients with chronic non-cancer pain. Anxiety, depression, and disability were associated with a greater tendency toward insomnia. HADS and EQ5D scores are useful screening tools for preventing insomnia in patients with chronic non-cancer pain. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UedaMasataka en-aut-sei=Ueda en-aut-mei=Masataka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TetsunagaTomoko en-aut-sei=Tetsunaga en-aut-mei=Tomoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TetsunagaTomonori en-aut-sei=Tetsunaga en-aut-mei=Tomonori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishidaKeiichiro en-aut-sei=Nishida en-aut-mei=Keiichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakatoriRyo en-aut-sei=Takatori en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShitozawaHisakazu en-aut-sei=Shitozawa en-aut-mei=Hisakazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=UotaniKoji en-aut-sei=Uotani en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShinoharaKennsuke en-aut-sei=Shinohara en-aut-mei=Kennsuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=OdaYoshiaki en-aut-sei=Oda en-aut-mei=Yoshiaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=OzakiToshifumi en-aut-sei=Ozaki en-aut-mei=Toshifumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Science of Functional Recovery and Reconstruction, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Musculoskeletal Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Division of Chronic Pain Medicine and Division of Comprehensive Rheumatology, Locomotive Pain Center, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Science of Functional Recovery and Reconstruction, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Science of Functional Recovery and Reconstruction, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Sports Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Science of Functional Recovery and Reconstruction, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Science of Functional Recovery and Reconstruction, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=AIS kn-keyword=AIS en-keyword=cognitive-behavioral therapy kn-keyword=cognitive-behavioral therapy en-keyword=EQ5D kn-keyword=EQ5D en-keyword=HADS kn-keyword=HADS en-keyword=insomnia kn-keyword=insomnia en-keyword=pain-liaison outpatient clinic kn-keyword=pain-liaison outpatient clinic en-keyword=sleep disorders kn-keyword=sleep disorders END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=37 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=20240729 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Long-term follow-up of a patient with Parkinson's disease under nursing care after replacement of fixed implant-supported prostheses with an implant overdenture: a case report en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background In older patients with progressive neurodegeneration, replacing fixed implant-supported prostheses (FIP) with implant overdentures (IOD) has been proposed to prevent future mucosal injury and create an oral environment that is easier for caregivers to clean. However, there have been no reports on the progress after replacing FIP with IOD. In this report, we present the progress of an older patient with Parkinson’s disease in whom FIP was replaced with IOD.
Case presentation An 81-year-old male patient with Parkinson’s disease presented to our outpatient clinic with bruxism and crossbites. FIPs, with five Brånemark system implants, were placed in the bilateral lower molars. The FIP was replaced with an IOD with two locator attachments to create an oral environment that was easier for caregivers to clean and allow easy recovery of masticatory function if residual teeth were fractured in the care environment. As his systemic condition deteriorated, treatment was changed from outpatient to in-home visits. During dental care visits, professional oral cleaning and denture repair were continued, and good nutritional status was maintained. However, the patient developed cholecystitis and was hospitalized. During hospitalization, gastrostomy was performed because he developed aspiration pneumonia. After discharge from the hospital, the patient remained in bed all day and could not wear an IOD, resulting in buccal mucosa ulceration due to abrasion of the locator abutment. We decided to replace the abutment with cover screws; however, not all the implants could sleep submucosally. Although regular oral cleaning was resumed, new ulcers developed even when cover screws were installed. Additionally, swelling and drainage were observed at the peri-implant mucosal site where peri-implantitis had once occurred during an outpatient visit. The patient was readmitted to the hospital for a urinary tract infection, and subsequent visits were abandoned.
Conclusions By replacing FIP with IOD in an older patient with Parkinson’s disease, we addressed a barrier to caregiver-provided oral management. The removable prosthesis facilitated smooth oral care by caregivers and functional recovery in the event of trouble with residual teeth. However, it could not completely avoid the recurrence of buccal mucosal ulcers or peri-implantitis. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TokumotoKana en-aut-sei=Tokumoto en-aut-mei=Kana kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MinoTakuya en-aut-sei=Mino en-aut-mei=Takuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TosaIkue en-aut-sei=Tosa en-aut-mei=Ikue kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OmoriKo en-aut-sei=Omori en-aut-mei=Ko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoMichiyo en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Michiyo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakaokaKazuki en-aut-sei=Takaoka en-aut-mei=Kazuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaekawaKenji en-aut-sei=Maekawa en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KubokiTakuo en-aut-sei=Kuboki en-aut-mei=Takuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=KishimotoHiromitsu en-aut-sei=Kishimoto en-aut-mei=Hiromitsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Okayama University Dental School kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Okayama University Dental School kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Dental Clinic, AINOSATO Clinic kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Occlusion, Osaka Dental University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Okayama University Dental School kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University kn-affil= en-keyword=Parkinson's disease kn-keyword=Parkinson's disease en-keyword=Older people kn-keyword=Older people en-keyword=Implant overdenture kn-keyword=Implant overdenture en-keyword=Nursing homes kn-keyword=Nursing homes en-keyword=Implant-related troubles kn-keyword=Implant-related troubles en-keyword=Peri-implantitis kn-keyword=Peri-implantitis END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=78 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=259 end-page=270 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=202406 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Role of the Lipid Profile and Oxidative Stress in Fatigue, Sleep Disorders and Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship of the lipid profile, dysfunctional high-density lipoprotein, ischaemia-modified albumin and thiol–disulfide homeostasis with cognitive impairment, fatigue and sleep disorders in patients with multiple sclerosis. The cognitive functions of patients were evaluated with the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis battery. Fatigue was evaluated with the Fatigue Severity Scale and the Fatigue Impact Scale. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale were used to assess patients’ sleep disturbance. Peripheral blood samples were collected, and lipid levels and myeloperoxidase and paraoxonase activity were measured. The myeloperoxidase/paraoxonase ratio, which indicates dysfunctional high-density lipoprotein, was calculated. Thiol–disulfide homeostasis and ischaemia-modified albumin were measured.
We did not identify any relationship between dysfunctional high-density lipoprotein and the physical disability, cognitive decline, fatigue and sleep problems of multiple sclerosis. Thiol–disulfide homeostasis was associated with cognitive scores. The shift of the balance towards disulfide was accompanied by a decrease in cognitive scores. On the other hand, we did not detect any relationship between fatigue and sleep disorders and thiol–disulfide homeostasis. Our findings revealed a possible correlation between cognitive dysfunction and thiol–disulfide homeostasis in multiple sclerosis patients. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=VuralGonul en-aut-sei=Vural en-aut-mei=Gonul kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=DemirEsra en-aut-sei=Demir en-aut-mei=Esra kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=GumusyaylaSadiye en-aut-sei=Gumusyayla en-aut-mei=Sadiye kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ErenFunda en-aut-sei=Eren en-aut-mei=Funda kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=BarakliSerdar en-aut-sei=Barakli en-aut-mei=Serdar kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NeseliogluSalim en-aut-sei=Neselioglu en-aut-mei=Salim kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=ErelOzcan en-aut-sei=Erel en-aut-mei=Ozcan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Ankara City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Ankara City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Ankara City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Ankara City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Ankara City Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=multiple sclerosis kn-keyword=multiple sclerosis en-keyword=dysfunctional HDL kn-keyword=dysfunctional HDL en-keyword=thiol–disulfide homeostasis kn-keyword=thiol–disulfide homeostasis en-keyword=cognitive decline kn-keyword=cognitive decline END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=20240325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=新型コロナ後遺症患者に見られる睡眠障害の特徴に関する検討: 後ろ向き観察研究から kn-title=Characteristics of Sleep Disturbance in Patients with Long COVID: A Retrospective Observational Study in Japan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SUNADANaruhiko en-aut-sei=SUNADA en-aut-mei=Naruhiko kn-aut-name=砂田匠彦 kn-aut-sei=砂田 kn-aut-mei=匠彦 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=20230523 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A four-oscillator model of seasonally adapted morning and evening activities in Drosophila melanogaster en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster exhibits two activity peaks, one in the morning and another in the evening. Because the two peaks change phase depending on the photoperiod they are exposed to, they are convenient for studying responses of the circadian clock to seasonal changes. To explain the phase determination of the two peaks, Drosophila researchers have employed the two-oscillator model, in which two oscillators control the two peaks. The two oscillators reside in different subsets of neurons in the brain, which express clock genes, the so-called clock neurons. However, the mechanism underlying the activity of the two peaks is complex and requires a new model for mechanistic exploration. Here, we hypothesize a four-oscillator model that controls the bimodal rhythms. The four oscillators that reside in different clock neurons regulate activity in the morning and evening and sleep during the midday and at night. In this way, bimodal rhythms are formed by interactions among the four oscillators (two activity and two sleep oscillators), which may judiciously explain the flexible waveform of activity rhythms under different photoperiod conditions. Although still hypothetical, this model would provide a new perspective on the seasonal adaptation of the two activity peaks. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YoshiiTaishi en-aut-sei=Yoshii en-aut-mei=Taishi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaitoAika en-aut-sei=Saito en-aut-mei=Aika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YokosakoTatsuya en-aut-sei=Yokosako en-aut-mei=Tatsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Drosophila kn-keyword=Drosophila en-keyword=Seasonal adaptation kn-keyword=Seasonal adaptation en-keyword=Photoperiod kn-keyword=Photoperiod en-keyword=Oscillator kn-keyword=Oscillator en-keyword=Activity rhythm kn-keyword=Activity rhythm END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=e17013 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=20240405 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Heterogeneity of the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence of Metabolic Syndrome onset at a Japanese campus en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak began in China in December 2019, with the World Health Organization declaring a state of emergency in January 2020. Worldwide implementation of lockdown measures to slow the spread of the virus led to reduced physical activity, disrupted eating habits, mental health issues, and sleep disturbances, which increased the risk of lifestyle -related diseases such as metabolic syndrome (MetS). During the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare workers, especially intensive care workers, experienced longer working hours and burnout, which further increased the risk of lifestyle -related diseases. Accordingly, it is important to identify individuals at a risk of new -onset MetS during a pandemic, which could direct preventive interventions. This study aimed to assess the heterogeneous impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence of new -onset MetS based on the conditional average treatment effect (CATE) and to identify at -risk populations.
Methods. This study analyzed health checkup data obtained from Okayama University Shikata Campus workers using paired baseline and follow-up years. Baseline data encompassed 2017 to 2019, with respective follow-up data from 2018 to 2020. Furthermore, as the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan began in January 2020, workers who underwent follow-up health checkups in 2018 to 2019 and 2020 were considered as "unexposed"and "exposed,"respectively. As the Shikata campus has several departments, comparisons among departments were made. The primary outcome was new -onset MetS at follow-up. Predictor variables included baseline health checkup results, sex, age, and department (administrative, research, medical, or intensive care department). X -learner was used to calculate the CATE.
Results. This study included 3,572 eligible individuals (unexposed, n = 2,181; exposed, n = 1,391). Among them, 1,544 (70.8%) and 866 (62.3%) participants in the unexposed and exposed groups, respectively, were females. The mean age (+/- standard deviation) of the unexposed and exposed groups was 48.2 +/- 8.2 and 47.8 +/- 8.3 years, respectively. The COVID-19 pandemic increased the average probability of new -onset MetS by 4.4% in the overall population. According to the department, the intensive care department showed the highest CATE, with a 15.4% increase. Moreover, there was large heterogeneity according to the department. The high-CATE group was characterized by older age, urinary protein, elevated liver enzymes, higher triglyceride levels, and a history of hyperlipidemia treatment.
Conclusions. This study demonstrated that the COVID-19 pandemic increased the incidence of new -onset MetS, with this effect showing heterogeneity at a single Japanese campus. Regarding specific populations, workers in the intensive care department showed an increased risk of new -onset MetS. At -risk populations require specific preventive interventions in case the current COVID-19 pandemic persists or a new pandemic occurs. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MitsuhashiToshiharu en-aut-sei=Mitsuhashi en-aut-mei=Toshiharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=COVID-19 kn-keyword=COVID-19 en-keyword=Metabolic syndrome kn-keyword=Metabolic syndrome en-keyword=Healch check up kn-keyword=Healch check up en-keyword=Conditional average treatment effect kn-keyword=Conditional average treatment effect en-keyword=CATE kn-keyword=CATE en-keyword=Public health kn-keyword=Public health en-keyword=Pandemic kn-keyword=Pandemic END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=1585 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=20240127 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Mutual Effects of Orexin and Bone Morphogenetic Proteins on Catecholamine Regulation Using Adrenomedullary Cells en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Orexins are neuronal peptides that play a prominent role in sleep behavior and feeding behavior in the central nervous system, though their receptors also exist in peripheral organs, including the adrenal gland. In this study, the effects of orexins on catecholamine synthesis in the rat adrenomedullary cell line PC12 were investigated by focusing on their interaction with the adrenomedullary bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-4. Orexin A treatment reduced the mRNA levels of key enzymes for catecholamine synthesis, including tyrosine hydroxylase (Th), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanie decarboxylase (Ddc) and dopamine beta-hydroxylase (Dbh), in a concentration-dependent manner. On the other hand, treatment with BMP-4 suppressed the expression of Th and Ddc but enhanced that of Dbh with or without co-treatment with orexin A. Of note, orexin A augmented BMP-receptor signaling detected by the phosphorylation of Smad1/5/9 through the suppression of inhibitory Smad6/7 and the upregulation of BMP type-II receptor (BMPRII). Furthermore, treatment with BMP-4 upregulated the mRNA levels of OX1R in PC12 cells. Collectively, the results indicate that orexin and BMP-4 suppress adrenomedullary catecholamine synthesis by mutually upregulating the pathway of each other in adrenomedullary cells. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SoejimaYoshiaki en-aut-sei=Soejima en-aut-mei=Yoshiaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwataNahoko en-aut-sei=Iwata en-aut-mei=Nahoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoKoichiro en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Koichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuyamaAtsuhito en-aut-sei=Suyama en-aut-mei=Atsuhito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakanoYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Nakano en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaFumio en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Fumio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) kn-keyword=bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) en-keyword=orexin kn-keyword=orexin en-keyword=catecholamine and adrenal kn-keyword=catecholamine and adrenal END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=4 cd-vols= no-issue=10 article-no= start-page=641 end-page=649 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=202310 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Syncope and loss of consciousness after implantation of a cardioverter-defibrillator in patients with Brugada syndrome: Prevalence and characteristics in long-term follow-up en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background Syncope is a significant prognostic factor in patients with Brugada syndrome (BrS). However, the risk of ventricular arrhythmia in patients with nonarrhythmic loss of consciousness (LOC) is similar to that in asymptomatic patients. LOC events after implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) implantation may provide insights into underlying causes of the initial LOC episode.
Objective The purpose of this study was to examine LOC characteristics following ICD implantation.
Methods We retrospectively analyzed 112 patients with BrS (mean age 47 years; 111 men) who were treated with an ICD. The patients were classified into 3 groups based on symptoms at implantation: asymptomatic (35 patients); LOC (46 patients); and ventricular tachyarrhythmia (VTA) (31 patients). We evaluated the incidence and cause of LOC during long-term follow-up after ICD implantation.
Results During mean follow-up of 12.2 years, 41 patients (37%) experienced LOC after ICD implantation. Arrhythmic LOC occurred in 5 asymptomatic patients, 14 LOC patients, and 16 patients with VTA. Nonarrhythmic LOC, similar to the initial episode, occurred after ICD implantation in 6 patients with prior LOC (2 with neurally mediated syncope and 4 with epilepsy). Most epileptic patients experienced LOC during rest or sleeping, and did not show an abnormal encephalogram during initial evaluation of the LOC episodes.
Conclusion After ICD implantation, 13% of patients had nonarrhythmic LOC similar to the initial episode. Accurate classification of LOC based on a detailed medical history is important for risk stratification, although distinguishing arrhythmic LOC from epilepsy-related LOC episodes can be challenging depending on the circumstances and characteristics of the LOC event. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AsadaSaori en-aut-sei=Asada en-aut-mei=Saori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoritaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Morita en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MizunoTomofumi en-aut-sei=Mizuno en-aut-mei=Tomofumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasudaTakuro en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Takuro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=UeokaAkira en-aut-sei=Ueoka en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyamotoMasakazu en-aut-sei=Miyamoto en-aut-mei=Masakazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawadaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Kawada en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakagawaKoji en-aut-sei=Nakagawa en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiiNobuhiro en-aut-sei=Nishii en-aut-mei=Nobuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Therapeutics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Therapeutics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=Brugada syndrome kn-keyword=Brugada syndrome en-keyword=Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator kn-keyword=Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator en-keyword=Syncope kn-keyword=Syncope en-keyword=Neurally mediated syncope kn-keyword=Neurally mediated syncope en-keyword=Epilepsy kn-keyword=Epilepsy en-keyword=Ventricular tachyarrhythmia kn-keyword=Ventricular tachyarrhythmia END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=77 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=635 end-page=645 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=202312 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effects of Nutritional Support Combined with Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation on Muscle Strength and Thickness: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Healthy Young Adult Males en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In the management of post-injury patients with activity limitations, methods to prevent musculoskeletal disorders and hasten recovery are important. This randomized controlled, single-blinded study was a preliminary investigation of the combined effect of nutritional support with neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) on muscle strength and thickness. Healthy young adult males (median age, 21 years) were enrolled; each of their hands was randomly assigned to one of the following four groups: Placebo, Nutrition, NMES, and Nutrition + NMES. All participants received whey protein or placebo (3x/week for 6 weeks) and NMES training (3x/week for 6 weeks) on the abductor digiti minimi (ADM) muscle of either the left or right hand. ADM muscle strength and thickness were analyzed at baseline and at week 7. We analyzed 38 hands (9 Placebo, 10 Nutrition, 9 NMES, 10 Nutrition + NMES). There was significantly greater muscle strengthening in the Nutrition + NMES group compared to the Placebo group or the NMES group, but no significant difference in gain of muscle thickness. The combined intervention may be effective in improving muscle strength. Future clinical trials targeting various muscles after sports-related injuries are warranted. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IkedaTomohiro en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Tomohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkamuraKazunori en-aut-sei=Okamura en-aut-mei=Kazunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HasegawaMasaki en-aut-sei=Hasegawa en-aut-mei=Masaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanaiShusaku en-aut-sei=Kanai en-aut-mei=Shusaku kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Prefectural University of Hiroshima kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Prefectural University of Hiroshima kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Prefectural University of Hiroshima kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Prefectural University of Hiroshima kn-affil= en-keyword=whey protein kn-keyword=whey protein en-keyword=electrical stimulation kn-keyword=electrical stimulation en-keyword=muscle strength kn-keyword=muscle strength en-keyword=healthy volunteers kn-keyword=healthy volunteers END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=77 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=479 end-page=490 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=202310 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Childcare and Child Development in Japan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=For decades, the notion has persisted in developed countries that exclusive care by the mothers is best for the development of children up to 3 years of age. To examine the veracity of this “myth of the first three years” in Japan, we examined the effects of childcare facility use for children younger than 3 years on their development using the cohorts of the Longitudinal Survey of Newborns in the 21st Century conducted in Japan. Of the 47,015 respondents to the survey, we studied the children of 5,508 mothers with university/professional education to evaluate the relationships between primary early (< 2.5 years) childcare providers during weekday daytime hours and specific development indices for the ages of 2.5, 5.5, and 8 years. At the age of 2.5 and 5.5 years, children attending childcare facilities were judged as having more advanced developmental behaviors by their parents, such as being able to compose a two-word sentence (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.22) or to express emotions (aOR: 0.81), compared with those cared for by mothers. However, at the age of 8 years, children who attended childcare facilities as infants < 2.5 years showed more aggressive behavior in interrupting people (aOR: 1.20) and causing disturbances in public (aOR: 1.26) than those cared for by mothers (after adjustment for numerous child and parental factors). Although these results are generally consistent with previous studies, issues potentially involved with problem behavior such as quality of childcare require further investigation, as does the case of children of mothers with more modest educational attainment. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MurataAkiko en-aut-sei=Murata en-aut-mei=Akiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoNaomi en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Naomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyajiChikara en-aut-sei=Miyaji en-aut-mei=Chikara kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakaoSoshi en-aut-sei=Takao en-aut-mei=Soshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YorifujiTakashi en-aut-sei=Yorifuji en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=“myth of the first three years” kn-keyword=“myth of the first three years” en-keyword=childcare kn-keyword=childcare en-keyword=child development kn-keyword=child development en-keyword=problem behavior kn-keyword=problem behavior en-keyword=educational attainment kn-keyword=educational attainment END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=16 article-no= start-page=12559 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=20230808 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Interaction of Orexin and Bone Morphogenetic Proteins in Steroidogenesis by Human Adrenocortical Cells en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Orexins are neuropeptides that play important roles in sleep-wake regulation and food intake in the central nervous system, but their receptors are also expressed in peripheral tissues, including the endocrine system. In the present study, we investigated the functions of orexin in adrenal steroidogenesis using human adrenocortical H295R cells by focusing on its interaction with adrenocortical bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) that induce adrenocortical steroidogenesis. Treatment with orexin A increased the mRNA levels of steroidogenic enzymes including StAR, CYP11B2, CYP17, and HSD3B1, and these effects of orexin A were further enhanced in the presence of forskolin. Interestingly, orexin A treatment suppressed the BMP-receptor signaling detected by Smad1/5/9 phosphorylation and Id-1 expression through upregulation of inhibitory Smad7. Orexin A also suppressed endogenous BMP-6 expression but increased the expression of the type-II receptor of ActRII in H295R cells. Moreover, treatment with BMP-6 downregulated the mRNA level of OX1R, but not that of OX2R, expressed in H295R cells. In conclusion, the results indicate that both orexin and BMP-6 accelerate adrenocortical steroidogenesis in human adrenocortical cells; both pathways mutually inhibit each other, thereby leading to a fine-tuning of adrenocortical steroidogenesis. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SoejimaYoshiaki en-aut-sei=Soejima en-aut-mei=Yoshiaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwataNahoko en-aut-sei=Iwata en-aut-mei=Nahoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiokaRan en-aut-sei=Nishioka en-aut-mei=Ran kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HondaMako en-aut-sei=Honda en-aut-mei=Mako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakanoYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Nakano en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoKoichiro en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Koichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuyamaAtsuhito en-aut-sei=Suyama en-aut-mei=Atsuhito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaFumio en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Fumio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) kn-keyword=bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) en-keyword=orexin kn-keyword=orexin en-keyword=steroidogenesis and adrenal kn-keyword=steroidogenesis and adrenal END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=77 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=395 end-page=405 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=202308 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Association of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha with Psychopathology in Patients with Schizophrenia en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We investigated the relationship between serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels and psychopathological symptoms, clinical and socio-demographic characteristics and antipsychotic therapy in individuals with schizophrenia. TNF-α levels were measured in 90 patients with schizophrenia and 90 healthy controls matched by age, gender, smoking status, and body mass index. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was used to assess the severity of psychopathology in patients. No significant differences in TNF-α levels were detected between the patients and controls (p=0.736). TNF-α levels were not correlated with total, positive, negative, general, or composite PANSS scores (all p>0.05). A significant negative correlation was observed between TNF-α levels and the PANSS cognitive factor (ρ=−0.222, p=0.035). A hierarchical regression analysis identified the cognitive factor as a significant predictor of the TNF-α level (beta=−0.258, t=−2.257, p=0.027). There were no significant differences in TNF-α levels among patients treated with different types of antipsychotics (p=0.596). TNF-α levels correlated positively with the age of onset (ρ=0.233, p=0.027) and negatively with illness duration (ρ=−0.247, p=0.019) and antipsychotic treatment duration (ρ=−0.256, p=0.015). These results indicate that TNF-α may be involved in cognitive impairment in schizophrenia, and would be a potential clinical-state marker in schizophrenia. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=PavlovicMarko en-aut-sei=Pavlovic en-aut-mei=Marko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=BabicDragan en-aut-sei=Babic en-aut-mei=Dragan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=RastovicPejana en-aut-sei=Rastovic en-aut-mei=Pejana kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ArapovicJurica en-aut-sei=Arapovic en-aut-mei=Jurica kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MartinacMarko en-aut-sei=Martinac en-aut-mei=Marko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=JakovacSanja en-aut-sei=Jakovac en-aut-mei=Sanja kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=BarbaricRomana en-aut-sei=Barbaric en-aut-mei=Romana kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=University Hospital Center Mostar, University of Mostar kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=University Hospital Center Mostar, University of Mostar kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=University Hospital Center Mostar, University of Mostar kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=University Hospital Center Mostar, University of Mostar kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Health Care Center Mostar, University of Mostar kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=University Hospital Center Mostar, University of Mostar kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=University Hospital Center Mostar, University of Mostar kn-affil= en-keyword=tumor necrosis factor-alpha kn-keyword=tumor necrosis factor-alpha en-keyword=schizophrenia kn-keyword=schizophrenia en-keyword=psychopathology kn-keyword=psychopathology en-keyword=immune system kn-keyword=immune system END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=34 cd-vols= no-issue=8 article-no= start-page=2955 end-page=2971 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=20220802 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Method for Estimating Physician Stress Using Wearable Sensor Devices en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The idea of Society 5.0 initiative has been proposed to solve various social problems by connecting virtual cyberspace and real physical space through information technology. When applying the idea to improve the work-life balance of physicians in the medical field, we must consider the increased stress owing to their long continuous working hours. Estimating the stress of physicians in their daily lives by the questionnaires is insufficient, because of the difficulty of accurate their activity recalling. By using bio-metric information such as heart rate, physical activity, and sleeping information, it was expected that the daily stress state of physicians with high accuracy. In this paper, we propose a method for estimating physician stress by analyzing bio-metric information acquired by wearing a wearable sensor device. The proposed method estimates the state of stress during daily activities by acquiring data on heart rate variability (HRV) during wakefulness as well as sleep depth during rapid eye movement (REM) and non-REM sleep. Up to seven physicians wore the wearable sensor device for the maximum of eight weeks and the sleep depth and low-/high-frequency (LF/HF) components of HRV were obtained. Our observation showed that physicians' root mean square of successive differences (rMSSDs) were constantly high in their healthy state. Therefore, the decreasing of this index can be used as an indicator of fatigue and stress. In addition, by combining LF/HF components to the rMSSDs, we may estimate the stress state of physicians and find personal stressors. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ImuraIssei en-aut-sei=Imura en-aut-mei=Issei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=GotohYusuke en-aut-sei=Gotoh en-aut-mei=Yusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakaiKoji en-aut-sei=Sakai en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OharaYu en-aut-sei=Ohara en-aut-mei=Yu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TazoeJun en-aut-sei=Tazoe en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiuraHiroshi en-aut-sei=Miura en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirotaTatsuya en-aut-sei=Hirota en-aut-mei=Tatsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=UchiyamaAkira en-aut-sei=Uchiyama en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=NomuraYoshinari en-aut-sei=Nomura en-aut-mei=Yoshinari kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Faculty of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Osaka University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Faculty of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=heart rate variability kn-keyword=heart rate variability en-keyword=LF/HF kn-keyword=LF/HF en-keyword=Society 5.0 kn-keyword=Society 5.0 en-keyword=stress kn-keyword=stress en-keyword=wearable sensor devices kn-keyword=wearable sensor devices en-keyword=working style kn-keyword=working style END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=7 article-no= start-page=2623 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=20230331 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Nutrients Associated with Sleep Bruxism en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: The purpose of the present research was to identify nutrients related to sleep bruxism and to establish a hypothesis regarding the relationship between sleep bruxism and nutrients. Methods: We recruited 143 Japanese university students in 2021 and assigned them to sleep bruxism (n = 58) and non-sleep bruxism groups (n = 85), using an identical single-channel wearable electromyography device. To investigate nutrient intakes, participants answered a food frequency questionnaire based on food groups. We assessed differences in nutrient intakes between the sleep bruxism and non-sleep bruxism groups. Results: Logistic regression modeling showed that sleep bruxism tended to be associated with dietary fiber (odds ratio, 0.91; 95% confidence interval, 0.83-1.00; p = 0.059). In addition, a subgroup analysis selecting students in the top and bottom quartiles of dietary fiber intake showed that students with sleep bruxism had a significantly lower dietary fiber intake (10.4 +/- 4.6 g) than those without sleep bruxism (13.4 +/- 6.1 g; p = 0.022). Conclusion: The present research showed that dietary fiber intake may be related to sleep bruxism. Therefore, we hypothesized that dietary fiber would improve sleep bruxism in young adults. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ToyamaNaoki en-aut-sei=Toyama en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=EkuniDaisuke en-aut-sei=Ekuni en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukuharaDaiki en-aut-sei=Fukuhara en-aut-mei=Daiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SawadaNanami en-aut-sei=Sawada en-aut-mei=Nanami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamashitaMiho en-aut-sei=Yamashita en-aut-mei=Miho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KomiyamaMomoe en-aut-sei=Komiyama en-aut-mei=Momoe kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagahamaTakahiko en-aut-sei=Nagahama en-aut-mei=Takahiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoritaManabu en-aut-sei=Morita en-aut-mei=Manabu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Field of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Field of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Field of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Foods and Human Nutrition, Notre Dame Seishin University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Foods and Human Nutrition, Notre Dame Seishin University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Foods and Human Nutrition, Notre Dame Seishin University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Field of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=sleep bruxism kn-keyword=sleep bruxism en-keyword=dietary fiber kn-keyword=dietary fiber en-keyword=electromyography kn-keyword=electromyography en-keyword=young adult kn-keyword=young adult en-keyword=biostatistics kn-keyword=biostatistics en-keyword=nutrition assessment kn-keyword=nutrition assessment END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=24 article-no= start-page=7332 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=20221209 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Characteristics of Sleep Disturbance in Patients with Long COVID: A Retrospective Observational Study in Japan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the clinical and endocrinological features of sleep disturbance in patients with long COVID. Methods: This study was a single-center retrospective observational study for patients who visited the COVID-19 aftercare outpatient clinic (CAC) established in Okayama University Hospital in Japan during the period from 15 February 2021 to 29 July 2022. The long COVID patients were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of sleep disturbance, and the clinical and laboratory characteristics of the patients were analyzed. Results: Out of 363 patients with long COVID, after excluding 6 patients, 60 patients (16.5%) (55% males, median age of 38 years) complaining of sleep disturbance were compared with 303 patients (83.5%) (43% males, median age of 40 years) without sleep-related symptoms. Although there were no significant differences in clinical backgrounds and severities of COVID-19 between the two groups by the multivariate analysis, the percentage of long COVID patients with sleep disturbance was significantly increased among patients infected in the Omicron-dominant phase. In addition, the prevalence rate of sleep disturbance in patients when infected in the Omicron phase (24.8%) was two-times higher than that in patients infected in the Delta phase (12.8%). Of note, the percentages of patients with sleep disturbance who also complained of general fatigue, headache, concentration loss, anxiety, low-grade fever, and brain fog symptoms were higher than the percentages of patients without sleep disturbance who had the same complaints. Among the types of sleep disturbance, the percentage of patients who complained of loss of sleep induction (75%) was much higher than the percentage of patients with early-awakening sleep disturbance (6.7%), and many of the patients with mid-awakening types of insomnia had brain fog symptoms. Endocrine examinations revealed that long COVID patients with sleep disturbance had significantly higher levels of plasma adrenocorticotropin and lower levels of serum growth hormone, suggesting the presence of hypothalamic-pituitary stress. Conclusion: The prevalence of sleep disturbance has been increasing in long COVID patients infected in the Omicron phase with a certain clinical and endocrine trend. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SunadaNaruhiko en-aut-sei=Sunada en-aut-mei=Naruhiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakanoYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Nakano en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaYuki en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TokumasuKazuki en-aut-sei=Tokumasu en-aut-mei=Kazuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HondaHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Honda en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakuradaYasue en-aut-sei=Sakurada en-aut-mei=Yasue kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsudaYui en-aut-sei=Matsuda en-aut-mei=Yui kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=HasegawaToru en-aut-sei=Hasegawa en-aut-mei=Toru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=OmuraDaisuke en-aut-sei=Omura en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=OchiKanako en-aut-sei=Ochi en-aut-mei=Kanako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=HagiyaHideharu en-aut-sei=Hagiya en-aut-mei=Hideharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=UedaKeigo en-aut-sei=Ueda en-aut-mei=Keigo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=KataokaHitomi en-aut-sei=Kataoka en-aut-mei=Hitomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaFumio en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Fumio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Center for Education in Medicine and Health Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=insomnia kn-keyword=insomnia en-keyword=myalgic encephalomyelitis kn-keyword=myalgic encephalomyelitis en-keyword=chronic fatigue kn-keyword=chronic fatigue en-keyword=long COVID kn-keyword=long COVID en-keyword=Omicron variant kn-keyword=Omicron variant en-keyword=post COVID-19 condition kn-keyword=post COVID-19 condition END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=76 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=723 end-page=730 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=202212 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Serum miR-377 Can Be Used as a Diagnostic Marker for Acute Coronary Syndrome and Can Regulate Proinflammatory Factors and Endothelial Injury Markers en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The diagnostic value of microRNA-377 (miR-377) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and explored miR-377’s potential mechanisms. We performed an qRT-PCR to assess serum miR-377 levels in ACS patients and coronary artery ligation rat models. The diagnostic value of miR-377 was evaluated by determining the ROC curve. An ELISA assay was conducted to detect the model rat endothelial damage markers von Willebrand factor (vWF) and heart-type fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP), and proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β. The serum miR-377 level was elevated in the ACS patients and significantly increased in the ACS rats. MiR-377 has a high diagnostic value in ACS patients, with a 0.844 ROC, 76.47% specificity, and 87.10% sensitivity. MiR-377 was positively correlated with the expressions of vWF, H-FABP, cTnI, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β. In ACS rats, reducing the expression of miR-377 significantly inhibited the increases in vWF, H-FABP, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β. An elevated miR-377 level can be used as a diagnostic marker in patients with ACS. A reduction of miR-377 may alleviate ACS by improving myocardial damage such as endothelial injury and the inflammatory response. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ZhangQuan en-aut-sei=Zhang en-aut-mei=Quan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YangLixia en-aut-sei=Yang en-aut-mei=Lixia kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=WanGuozhen en-aut-sei=Wan en-aut-mei=Guozhen kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhangXiaoqiang en-aut-sei=Zhang en-aut-mei=Xiaoqiang kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=WangYing en-aut-sei=Wang en-aut-mei=Ying kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhaoGuannan en-aut-sei=Zhao en-aut-mei=Guannan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Gansu Medical College kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Gansu Medical College kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Gansu Medical College kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Gansu Medical College kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Gansu Medical College kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Dermatological, Pingliang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=microRNA-377 kn-keyword=microRNA-377 en-keyword=acute coronary syndrome kn-keyword=acute coronary syndrome en-keyword=diagnosis kn-keyword=diagnosis en-keyword=endothelial injury kn-keyword=endothelial injury en-keyword=inflammatory kn-keyword=inflammatory END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=76 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=617 end-page=624 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=202212 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Artificial Intelligence-based Detection of Epileptic Discharges from Pediatric Scalp Electroencephalograms: A Pilot Study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We developed an artificial intelligence (AI) technique to identify epileptic discharges (spikes) in pediatric scalp electroencephalograms (EEGs). We built a convolutional neural network (CNN) model to automatically classify steep potential images into spikes and background activity. For the CNN model’ training and validation, we examined 100 children with spikes in EEGs and another 100 without spikes. A different group of 20 children with spikes and 20 without spikes were the actual test subjects. All subjects were ≥ 3 to < 18 years old. The accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the analysis were >0.97 when referential and combination EEG montages were used, and < 0.97 with a bipolar montage. The correct classification of background activity in individual patients was significantly better with a referential montage than with a bipolar montage (p=0.0107). Receiver operating characteristic curves yielded an area under the curve > 0.99, indicating high performance of the classification method. EEG patterns that interfered with correct classification included vertex sharp transients, sleep spindles, alpha rhythm, and low-amplitude ill-formed spikes in a run. Our results demonstrate that AI is a promising tool for automatically interpreting pediatric EEGs. Some avenues for improving the technique were also indicated by our findings. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KobayashiKatsuhiro en-aut-sei=Kobayashi en-aut-mei=Katsuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShibataTakashi en-aut-sei=Shibata en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsuchiyaHiroki en-aut-sei=Tsuchiya en-aut-mei=Hiroki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkiyamaTomoyuki en-aut-sei=Akiyama en-aut-mei=Tomoyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Child Neurology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Child Neurology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Child Neurology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Child Neurology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=neural network kn-keyword=neural network en-keyword=deep learning kn-keyword=deep learning en-keyword=electroencephalogram kn-keyword=electroencephalogram en-keyword=children kn-keyword=children en-keyword=spike kn-keyword=spike END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=101 cd-vols= no-issue=39 article-no= start-page=e30802 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=20220930 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Factors influencing caregiver burden in chronic pain patients: A retrospective study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Chronic pain coexists with disability, anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbances, which are factors of pain chronicity in the fear-avoidance model. Self-efficacy for managing pain plays a protective role against pain chronicity. For chronic pain sufferers, social support from caregivers is important. However, such caregivers face enormous physical and mental burdens. This study aimed to assess how self-efficacy and factors related to the fear-avoidance model affect caregiver burden. Participants were 135 chronic pain patients and their caregivers who visited our outpatient pain special clinic. In clinical assessments, numeric rating scale (NRS), pain catastrophizing scale (PCS), hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS), Athens insomnia scale (AIS), pain disability assessment scale (PDAS), pain self-efficacy questionnaire (PSEQ) for the patients and Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) for their caregivers were evaluated. Participants were divided into 2 groups (L group ZBI < 24 points and H group ZBI >= 24 points) and compared. Regression analyses were conducted to identify factors correlated with the ZBI scores. Compared to L group, H group showed significantly higher NRS and HADs depression scores, and lower PSEQ scores. In univariate regression analysis, ZBI scores were significantly correlated with NRS, PCS, HADS anxiety, HADS depression, PDAS and PSEQ. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that ZBI scores were significantly correlated with PSEQ. The caregivers who perceived high caregiver burden had significantly higher patients' pain intensity, depression, and lower self-efficacy than those who perceived low caregiver burden. Caregiver burden correlated with the pain intensity, pain catastrophizing, anxiety, depression, disability, and self-efficacy of chronic pain patients. Among these factors, self-efficacy was the most negatively correlated with caregiver burden. Treatments focused on increasing self-efficacy for managing pain have the potential to reduce caregiver burden. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TsujiHironori en-aut-sei=Tsuji en-aut-mei=Hironori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TetsunagaTomoko en-aut-sei=Tetsunaga en-aut-mei=Tomoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TetsunagaTomonori en-aut-sei=Tetsunaga en-aut-mei=Tomonori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MisawaHaruo en-aut-sei=Misawa en-aut-mei=Haruo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OdaYoshiaki en-aut-sei=Oda en-aut-mei=Yoshiaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakaoShinichiro en-aut-sei=Takao en-aut-mei=Shinichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishidaKeiichiro en-aut-sei=Nishida en-aut-mei=Keiichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=OzakiToshifumi en-aut-sei=Ozaki en-aut-mei=Toshifumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama Red Cross Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=caregiver burden kn-keyword=caregiver burden en-keyword=chronic pain kn-keyword=chronic pain en-keyword=fear-avoidance model kn-keyword=fear-avoidance model en-keyword=self-efficacy kn-keyword=self-efficacy en-keyword=Zarit Burden Interview kn-keyword=Zarit Burden Interview END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=23 cd-vols= no-issue=17 article-no= start-page=9782 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=20220829 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Mutual Effects of Orexin and Bone Morphogenetic Proteins on Gonadotropin Expression by Mouse Gonadotrope Cells en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Orexin plays a key role in the regulation of sleep and wakefulness and in feeding behavior in the central nervous system, but its receptors are expressed in various peripheral tissues including endocrine tissues. In the present study, we elucidated the effects of orexin on pituitary gonadotropin regulation by focusing on the functional involvement of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and clock genes using mouse gonadotrope L beta T2 cells that express orexin type 1 (OX1R) and type 2 (OX2R) receptors. Treatments with orexin A enhanced LH beta and FSH beta mRNA expression in a dose-dependent manner in the absence of GnRH, whereas orexin A in turn suppressed GnRH-induced gonadotropin expression in L beta T2 cells. Orexin A downregulated GnRH receptor expression, while GnRH enhanced OX1R and OX2R mRNA expression. Treatments with orexin A as well as GnRH increased the mRNA levels of Bmal1 and Clock, which are oscillational regulators for gonadotropin expression. Of note, treatments with BMP-6 and -15 enhanced OX1R and OX2R mRNA expression with upregulation of clock gene expression. On the other hand, orexin A enhanced BMP receptor signaling of Smad1/5/9 phosphorylation through upregulation of ALK-2/BMPRII among the BMP receptors expressed in L beta T2 cells. Collectively, the results indicate that orexin regulates gonadotropin expression via clock gene expression by mutually interacting with GnRH action and the pituitary BMP system in gonadotrope cells. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SoejimaYoshiaki en-aut-sei=Soejima en-aut-mei=Yoshiaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwataNahoko en-aut-sei=Iwata en-aut-mei=Nahoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakayamaNanako en-aut-sei=Nakayama en-aut-mei=Nanako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirataShinichi en-aut-sei=Hirata en-aut-mei=Shinichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakanoYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Nakano en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoKoichiro en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Koichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuyamaAtsuhito en-aut-sei=Suyama en-aut-mei=Atsuhito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=OguniKohei en-aut-sei=Oguni en-aut-mei=Kohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=NadaTakahiro en-aut-sei=Nada en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujisawaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Fujisawa en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaFumio en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Fumio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) kn-keyword=bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) en-keyword=clock kn-keyword=clock en-keyword=gonadotropin kn-keyword=gonadotropin en-keyword=orexin kn-keyword=orexin en-keyword=pituitary kn-keyword=pituitary END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=58 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=124 end-page=136 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=202211 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Managements of sleep bruxism in adult: A systematic review en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This systematic review aimed to update the management of sleep bruxism (SB) in adults, as diagnosed using polysomnography (PSG) and/or electromyography (EMG). Management methods covered were oral appliance therapy (OAT) with stabilization splints, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), biofeedback therapy (BFT), and pharmacological therapy. A comprehensive search was conducted on MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science up to October 1st, 2021. Reference list searches and hand searches were also performed by an external organization. Two reviewers for each therapy independently performed article selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment. The reviewers resolved any disagreements concerning the assortment of the articles by discussion. Finally, 11, 3, 14, and 22 articles were selected for each therapy. The results suggested that OAT tended to reduce the number of SB events, although there was no significant difference compared to other types of splints, that the potential benefits of CBT were not well supported, and that BFT, rabeprazole, clonazepam, clonidine, and botulinum toxin type A injection showed significant reductions in specific SB parameters, although several side effects were reported. It can be concluded that more methodologically rigorous randomized large-sample long-term follow-up clinical trials are needed to clarify the efficacy and safety of management for SB. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MinakuchiHajime en-aut-sei=Minakuchi en-aut-mei=Hajime kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujisawaMasanori en-aut-sei=Fujisawa en-aut-mei=Masanori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=AbeYuka en-aut-sei=Abe en-aut-mei=Yuka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=IidaTakashi en-aut-sei=Iida en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkiKyosuke en-aut-sei=Oki en-aut-mei=Kyosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkuraKazuo en-aut-sei=Okura en-aut-mei=Kazuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanabeNorimasa en-aut-sei=Tanabe en-aut-mei=Norimasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiyamaAkira en-aut-sei=Nishiyama en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Division of Fixed Prosthodontics, Department of Restorative & Biomaterials Sciences, Meikai University School of Dentistry kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Oral Function and Fixed Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Section of Fixed Prosthodontics, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Stomatognathic Function and Occlusal Reconstruction, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Prosthodontics and Oral Implantology, School of Dentistry, Iwate Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=General Dentistry, Comprehensive Patient Care, Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University kn-affil= en-keyword=Sleep bruxism kn-keyword=Sleep bruxism en-keyword=Management kn-keyword=Management en-keyword=Systematic review kn-keyword=Systematic review en-keyword=Oral appliances kn-keyword=Oral appliances en-keyword=Biofeedback therapy kn-keyword=Biofeedback therapy en-keyword=Cognitive-behavioral therapy kn-keyword=Cognitive-behavioral therapy en-keyword=Pharmacological therapy kn-keyword=Pharmacological therapy END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=20220325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=覚醒時および睡眠時における咬筋筋活動が歯の咬耗に及ぼす影響 kn-title=Effect of masseter muscle activity during wakefulness and sleep on tooth wear en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KitagawaKeisuke en-aut-sei=Kitagawa en-aut-mei=Keisuke kn-aut-name=北川佳祐 kn-aut-sei=北川 kn-aut-mei=佳祐 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=76 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=195 end-page=202 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=202204 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Safety and Effectiveness of Perospirone in Comparison to Risperidone for Treatment of Delirium in Patients with Advanced Cancer: A Multicenter Prospective Observational Study in Real-World Psycho-Oncology Settings en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The clinical benefit of perospirone for treatment of delirium in patients with advanced cancer is not sufficiently clear. The objective of this study was to compare the safety and effectiveness of perospirone to those of risperidone for the treatment of delirium in patients with advanced cancer. This is a secondary analysis of a multicenter prospective observational study in nine psycho-oncology consultation services in Japan. The study used the Delirium Rating Scale (DRS) Revised-98 to measure effectiveness and the CTCAE (Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events) version 4 to assess safety. Data from 16 patients who received perospirone and 53 patients who received risperidone were analyzed. The mean age was 70 years in the perospirone group and 73 years in the risperidone group. Both groups showed a significant decrease in the total score of DRS-R-98 after three days of treatment (perospirone: 11.7 (7.9-15.4) to 7.0 (3.3-10.7), difference −4.7, effect size=0.72, p=0.003; risperidone: 15.5 (13.6-17.4) to 12.2 (10.1-14.2), difference −3.3, effect size=0.55, p=0.00). The risperidone group showed significant improvements in sleep-wake cycle disturbance, orientation, attention, and visuospatial ability. In the perospirone group, there was a significant improvement of sleep-wake cycle disturbance. The median daily dose of perospirone was 4 mg/day. There were fewer episodes of somnolence as an adverse event in the perospirone group. Low-dose perospirone was thus found to be effective for the treatment of delirium in patients with advanced cancer and may be associated with fewer episodes of over-sedation as an adverse event. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=InoueShinichiro en-aut-sei=Inoue en-aut-mei=Shinichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaedaIsseki en-aut-sei=Maeda en-aut-mei=Isseki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OgawaAsao en-aut-sei=Ogawa en-aut-mei=Asao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshiuchiKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Yoshiuchi en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TeradaSeishi en-aut-sei=Terada en-aut-mei=Seishi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamadaNorihito en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=Norihito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Neuropsychiatry, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Palliative Care, Senri-Chuo Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Psycho-Oncology Service, National Cancer Center Hospital East kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Stress Sciences and Psychosomatic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=delirium kn-keyword=delirium en-keyword=cancer kn-keyword=cancer en-keyword=perospirone kn-keyword=perospirone en-keyword=risperidone kn-keyword=risperidone END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=141 cd-vols= no-issue=10 article-no= start-page=1155 end-page=1160 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=2021101 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Biophysical and Biochemical Research of Animal Rhodopsins kn-title=光受容タンパク質・ロドプシンの生物物理化学研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Opsins (also called animal rhodopsins) are universal photoreceptive proteins that provide the molecular basis of visual and nonvisual photoreception in animals, including humans. Opsins consist of seven helical a-transmembrane domains and use retinal, a derivative of vitamin A, as a chromophore. In many opsins, light absorption triggers photoisomerization from 11-cis retinal to all-trans retinal, resulting in activation via dynamic structural changes in the protein moiety. Activated opsins stimulate cognate trimeric G proteins to induce signal transduction cascades in cells. Recently, molecular and physiological analyses of diverse opsins have progressively advanced. This review introduces the molecular basis and physiological unctions of opsins. Based on the functions of opsins, I will discuss the potential of opsins as target molecules to treat and prevent visual and nonvisual diseases such as sleep disorder and depression. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KojimaKeiichi en-aut-sei=Kojima en-aut-mei=Keiichi kn-aut-name=小島慧一 kn-aut-sei=小島 kn-aut-mei=慧一 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院医歯薬学域 en-keyword=rhodopsin kn-keyword=rhodopsin en-keyword=opsin kn-keyword=opsin en-keyword=retinal kn-keyword=retinal en-keyword=G protein coupled receptor kn-keyword=G protein coupled receptor en-keyword=vision kn-keyword=vision END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=18 cd-vols= no-issue=18 article-no= start-page=9512 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=20210909 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Short or Irregular Sleep Duration in Early Childhood Increases Risk of Injury for Primary School-Age Children: A Nationwide Longitudinal Birth Cohort in Japan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The aim of this study was to investigate the longitudinal relationship between shorter or irregular sleep duration (SD) in early childhood and increased risk of injury at primary school age using data from a nationwide survey in Japan. We categorized SD into seven groups: 6 h, 7 h, 8 h, 9 hrs, 10 or 11 h, >12 h, and irregular, based on questionnaire responses collected at 5.5 years old. The relationship between SD and incidence of injury at 5.5-nine years of age is shown. In addition, we completed a stratified analysis on children with or without problematic behavior at eight years old. We included 32,044 children, of which 6369 were classified as having an injury and 25,675 as not having an injury. Logistic regression model showed that shorter or irregular SD categories were associated with an increased adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for injuries (6 h: aOR 1.40, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.19-1.66, 7 h: aOR 1.10, 95% CI, 0.98-1.23, 8 h: aOR 1.13, 95% CI, 1.02-1.26, irregular: aOR 1.26, 95% CI 1.10-1.43). The same tendency was observed with shorter or irregular SD in subgroups with or without behavioral problems. Shorter or irregular sleep habits during early childhood are associated with injury during primary school age. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ObaraTakafumi en-aut-sei=Obara en-aut-mei=Takafumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaitoHiromichi en-aut-sei=Naito en-aut-mei=Hiromichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsukaharaKohei en-aut-sei=Tsukahara en-aut-mei=Kohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoNaomi en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Naomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoHirotsugu en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Hirotsugu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YorifujiTakashi en-aut-sei=Yorifuji en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakaoAtsunori en-aut-sei=Nakao en-aut-mei=Atsunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=sleep habits kn-keyword=sleep habits en-keyword=trauma kn-keyword=trauma en-keyword=problematic behavior kn-keyword=problematic behavior en-keyword=longitudinal study kn-keyword=longitudinal study END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=696882 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=20210615 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Exclusion of the Possibility of "False Ripples" From Ripple Band High-Frequency Oscillations Recorded From Scalp Electroencephalogram in Children With Epilepsy en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Aim Ripple-band epileptic high-frequency oscillations (HFOs) can be recorded by scalp electroencephalography (EEG), and tend to be associated with epileptic spikes. However, there is a concern that the filtration of steep waveforms such as spikes may cause spurious oscillations or "false ripples." We excluded such possibility from at least some ripples by EEG differentiation, which, in theory, enhances high-frequency signals and does not generate spurious oscillations or ringing. Methods The subjects were 50 pediatric patients, and ten consecutive spikes during sleep were selected for each patient. Five hundred spike data segments were initially reviewed by two experienced electroencephalographers using consensus to identify the presence or absence of ripples in the ordinary filtered EEG and an associated spectral blob in time-frequency analysis (Session A). These EEG data were subjected to numerical differentiation (the second derivative was denoted as EEG ''). The EEG '' trace of each spike data segment was shown to two other electroencephalographers who judged independently whether there were clear ripple oscillations or uncertain ripple oscillations or an absence of oscillations (Session B). Results In Session A, ripples were identified in 57 spike data segments (Group A-R), but not in the other 443 data segments (Group A-N). In Session B, both reviewers identified clear ripples (strict criterion) in 11 spike data segments, all of which were in Group A-R (p < 0.0001 by Fisher's exact test). When the extended criterion that included clear and/or uncertain ripples was used in Session B, both reviewers identified 25 spike data segments that fulfilled the criterion: 24 of these were in Group A-R (p < 0.0001). Discussion We have demonstrated that real ripples over scalp spikes exist in a certain proportion of patients. Ripples that were visualized consistently using both ordinary filters and the EEG '' method should be true, but failure to clarify ripples using the EEG '' method does not mean that true ripples are absent. Conclusion The numerical differentiation of EEG data provides convincing evidence that HFOs were detected in terms of the presence of such unusually fast oscillations over the scalp and the importance of this electrophysiological phenomenon. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KobayashiKatsuhiro en-aut-sei=Kobayashi en-aut-mei=Katsuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShibataTakashi en-aut-sei=Shibata en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsuchiyaHiroki en-aut-sei=Tsuchiya en-aut-mei=Hiroki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkiyamaTomoyuki en-aut-sei=Akiyama en-aut-mei=Tomoyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Child Neurology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Child Neurology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Child Neurology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Child Neurology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=epilepsy kn-keyword=epilepsy en-keyword=child kn-keyword=child en-keyword=scalp EEG kn-keyword=scalp EEG en-keyword=false ripple kn-keyword=false ripple en-keyword=high-frequency oscillation (HFO) kn-keyword=high-frequency oscillation (HFO) en-keyword=fast oscillation (FO) kn-keyword=fast oscillation (FO) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=75 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=255 end-page=259 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=202104 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=An Unusual Case of Drunk Driving in Japan: Alcohol-Related Sleepwalking en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Alcohol has been identified as a potential precipitating factor for parasomnia, particularly sleepwalking (SW). We report an unusual case of a Japanese drunk driver who may have experienced alcohol-related SW, based on the statements of the suspect, pharmacokinetic analyses of the suspect’s breath alcohol concentration, testimonies of witnesses, driving recorder data, and medical records. The existence of sleep-related criminal acts performed while a suspect experiences memory loss under the influence of alcohol has not been sufficiently recognized, and awareness of such acts should be raised among the police, public prosecutors, and the general public in Japan. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= Himemiya-HakuchoAyako en-aut-sei= Himemiya-Hakucho en-aut-mei=Ayako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujimiyaTatsuya en-aut-sei=Fujimiya en-aut-mei=Tatsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Legal Medicine, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Medical Education, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= en-keyword=drunk driving kn-keyword=drunk driving en-keyword=sleepwalking kn-keyword=sleepwalking en-keyword=parasomnia kn-keyword=parasomnia en-keyword=amnesia kn-keyword=amnesia en-keyword=blood alcohol concentration kn-keyword=blood alcohol concentration END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=75 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=205 end-page=212 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=202104 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Camouflage Treatment for Skeletal Maxillary Protrusion and Lateral Deviation with Classic-Type Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We herein report the case of a 19-year-old female with a transverse discrepancy, skeletal Class II malocclusion, severe crowding with concerns of classic-type Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS), aesthetics problems and functional problems. The main characteristics of classic EDS are loose-jointedness and fragile, easily bruised skin that heals with peculiar “cigarette-paper” scars. The anteroposterior and transverse skeletal discrepancies can generally be resolved by maxilla repositioning and mandibular advancement surgery following pre-surgical orthodontic treatment. However, this patient was treated with orthodontic camouflage but not orthognathic surgery because of the risks of skin bruising, poor healing and a temporomandibular disorder. A satisfactory dental appearance and occlusion were achieved after camouflage treatment with orthodontic anchor screws and the use of Class II elastics, including the preservation of the stomatognathic functions. Acceptable occlusion and dentition were maintained after a two-year retention period. This treatment strategy of orthodontic camouflage using temporary anchorage, such as anchor screws and Class II elastics, may be a viable treatment option for skeletal malocclusion patients with EDS. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HoshijimaMitsuhiro en-aut-sei=Hoshijima en-aut-mei=Mitsuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawanabeNoriaki en-aut-sei=Kawanabe en-aut-mei=Noriaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IidaSeiji en-aut-sei=Iida en-aut-mei=Seiji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamashiroTakashi en-aut-sei=Yamashiro en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KamiokaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Kamioka en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Orthodontics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Orthodontics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstructive Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Orthodontics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=asymmetry kn-keyword=asymmetry en-keyword=Class II kn-keyword=Class II en-keyword=camouflage kn-keyword=camouflage en-keyword=orthodontic anchor screw kn-keyword=orthodontic anchor screw en-keyword=Ehlers-Danlos syndrome kn-keyword=Ehlers-Danlos syndrome END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=9 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=100107 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=20210430 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Trends in sleep problems and patterns among Japanese adolescents: 2004 to 2017 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background
Sleep problems in adolescence, such as insomnia and short sleep duration, are associated with physical and mental health problems. However, little is known about the recent trends in sleep problems among adolescents. Therefore, this study examined trends in sleep problems among Japanese adolescents.
Methods
Using data from the Lifestyle Survey of Adolescents collected in 2004 (n = 102,451), 2008 (n = 95,680), 2010 (n = 98,867), 2012 (n = 101,134), 2014 (n = 85,931), and 2017 (n = 64,417), we calculated the trends of insomnia, shorter sleep duration, late bedtimes, and poor sleep quality. Multivariable logistic regression analysis models were used to examine the association of each sleep problem and survey years.
Findings
We analyzed data from 545,285 Japanese adolescents. Results indicated that, since 2004, the odds ratio for insomnia have decreased (Adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 0•85, 95% CI 0•82–0•87), as have the odds ratio for poor sleep quality (AOR 0•92, 95% CI 0•88–0•95). However, the odds ratio for shorter sleep duration (AOR 1•13, 95% CI 1•10–1•17) and late bedtimes tended to increase (AOR 1•06, 95% CI 1•03–1•08) during this period.
Interpretation
The prevalence of insomnia symptoms and poor sleep quality among adolescents decreased from 2004 to 2017. However, there were increasing trends toward shorter sleep duration and late bedtimes. These changes are both relieving and concerning. Teachers, parents, and health professionals should consider educating adolescents regarding sleep hygiene, adjusting schedules of extracurricular activities, and enhancing time management to improve their sleep quantity. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OtsukaYuichiro en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Yuichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KaneitaYoshitaka en-aut-sei=Kaneita en-aut-mei=Yoshitaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SpiraAdam P. en-aut-sei=Spira en-aut-mei=Adam P. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MojtabaiRamin en-aut-sei=Mojtabai en-aut-mei=Ramin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ItaniOsamu en-aut-sei=Itani en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=JikeMaki en-aut-sei=Jike en-aut-mei=Maki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiguchiSusumu en-aut-sei=Higuchi en-aut-mei=Susumu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KandaHideyuki en-aut-sei=Kanda en-aut-mei=Hideyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuwabaraYuki en-aut-sei=Kuwabara en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=KinjoAya en-aut-sei=Kinjo en-aut-mei=Aya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiYoneatsu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Yoneatsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Division of Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Division of Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Mental Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Mental Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Division of Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Division of Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Public Health, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=National Hospital Organization Kurihama Medical and Addiction Center kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Division of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Division of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Division of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University kn-affil= en-keyword=Adolescence kn-keyword=Adolescence en-keyword=Sleep kn-keyword=Sleep en-keyword=Adolescent health kn-keyword=Adolescent health en-keyword=Trends kn-keyword=Trends en-keyword=Health surveys kn-keyword=Health surveys en-keyword=Insomnia kn-keyword=Insomnia END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=62 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=103080 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2020 dt-pub=202012 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A detection method for latent circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorder en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background
Individuals with typical circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders (CRSWDs) have a habitual sleep timing that is desynchronized from social time schedules. However, it is possible to willfully force synchronisation against circadian-driven sleepiness, which causes other sleep problems. This pathology is distinguishable from typical CRSWDs and is referred to here as latent CRSWD (LCRSWD). Conventional diagnostic methods for typical CRSWDs are insufficient for detecting LCRSWD because sufferers have an apparently normal habitual sleep timing.
Methods
We first evaluated the reliability of circadian phase estimation based on clock gene expression using hair follicles collected at three time points without sleep interruption. Next, to identify detection criteria for LCRSWD, we compared circadian and sleep parameters according to estimated circadian phases, at the group and individual level, between subjects with low and high Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores. To validate the reliability of identified detection criteria, we investigated whether the same subjects could be reproducibly identified at a later date and whether circadian amelioration resulted in sleep improvement.
Findings
We successfully validated the reliability of circadian phase estimation at three time points and identified potential detection criteria for individuals with LCRSWD attributed to delayed circadian-driven sleepiness. In particular, a criterion based on the interval between the times of the estimated circadian phase of clock gene expression and getting out of bed on work or school days was promising. We also successfully confirmed the reproducibility of candidate screening and sleep improvement by circadian amelioration, supporting the reliability of the detection criteria.
Interpretation
Although several limitations remain, our present study demonstrates a promising prototype of a detection method for LCRSWD attributed to delayed circadian-driven sleepiness. More extensive trials are needed to further validate this method. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AkashiMakoto en-aut-sei=Akashi en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SogawaReimi en-aut-sei=Sogawa en-aut-mei=Reimi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumuraRitsuko en-aut-sei=Matsumura en-aut-mei=Ritsuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishidaAtsuhiro en-aut-sei=Nishida en-aut-mei=Atsuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraRino en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Rino kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TokudaIsao T. en-aut-sei=Tokuda en-aut-mei=Isao T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=NodeKoichi en-aut-sei=Node en-aut-mei=Koichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=The Research Institute for Time Studies, Yamaguchi University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=The Research Institute for Time Studies, Yamaguchi University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=The Research Institute for Time Studies, Yamaguchi University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=The Research Institute for Time Studies, Yamaguchi University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ritsumeikan University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saga University kn-affil= en-keyword=Circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorder kn-keyword=Circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorder en-keyword=Circadian clock kn-keyword=Circadian clock en-keyword=Hair follicle kn-keyword=Hair follicle en-keyword=Clock gene kn-keyword=Clock gene en-keyword=Period3 kn-keyword=Period3 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=74 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=505 end-page=511 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2020 dt-pub=202012 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=New Vascular-Access Intervention Assistance Plate Provides Good Operability and Safety by Preventing Accidental Falls: First Experience of 1,872 Cases en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Vascular-access interventions are necessary for the continuation of hemodialysis, and they are performed under X-ray guidance. During interventions, patients’ accidental falls from the bed are a serious problem, and spe-cialized fixation systems for hemodialysis patients to prevent their falls from the bed have been lacking. We developed a new fixation plate made of polypropylene homopolymer and tested its ability to prevent such falls retrospectively. This plate, which we named the ‘vascular-access intervention assistance plate,’ offers functional features such as the concurrent fixation of the body and either arm and an arm space with serrations for fixing a forearm strap. We performed computer simulations to examine the strength of the plate, and we evaluated the efficacy of fall prevention by reviewing patients’ medical records. The results demonstrated that the functional design of the plate provides good operability via accurate concurrent fixations of the body and arm. The com-puter simulation analysis results indicated the plate’s sufficient strength. The medical records analysis revealed three accidental falls before the plate’s introduction (401 patients, 1,437 interventions), and none after plate introduction (683 patients, 1,872 interventions). Accidental falls were significantly prevented by use of the plate (p < 0.05). The dementia rate and type of procedure were not significantly different between the patients who fell and those who did not. This vascular-access intervention assisted plate provides good operability and safety by preventing accidental falls among hemodialysis patients. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OharaToshiaki en-aut-sei=Ohara en-aut-mei=Toshiaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakuramaKazufumi en-aut-sei=Sakurama en-aut-mei=Kazufumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiramatsuSatoshi en-aut-sei=Hiramatsu en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Pathology & Experimental Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Dialysis Access Center, Shigei Medical Research Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=hemodialysis kn-keyword=hemodialysis en-keyword=fall accident kn-keyword=fall accident en-keyword=incident kn-keyword=incident en-keyword=vascular access kn-keyword=vascular access END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=228 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=102712 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2020 dt-pub=202011 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Orexin A and B in the rat superior salivatory nucleus en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Orexin (OX), which regulates sleep and wakefulness and feeding behaviors has 2 isoforms, orexin-A and -B (OXA and OXB). In this study, the distribution of OXA and OXB was examined in the rat superior salivatory nucleus (SSN) using retrograde tracing and immunohistochemical and methods. OXA- and OXB-immunoreactive (-ir) nerve fibers were seen throughout the SSN. These nerve fibers surrounded SSN neurons retrogradely labeled with Fast blue (FB) from the corda-lingual nerve. FB-positive neurons had pericellular OXA- (47.5%) and OXB-ir (49.0%) nerve fibers. Immunohistochemistry for OX receptors also demonstrated the presence of OX1R and OX2R in FB-positive SSN neurons. The majority of FB-positive SSN neurons contained OX1R- (69.7%) or OX2R-immunoreactivity (57.8%). These neurons had small and medium-sized cell bodies. In addition, half of FB-positive SSN neurons which were immunoreactive for OX1R (47.0%) and OX2R (52.2%) had pericellular OXA- and OXB-ir nerve fibers, respectively. Co-expression of OX1R- and OX2R was common in FB-positive SSN neurons. The present study suggests a possibility that OXs regulate the activity of SSN neurons through OX receptors. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SatoTadasu en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Tadasu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YajimaTakehiro en-aut-sei=Yajima en-aut-mei=Takehiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujitaMasako en-aut-sei=Fujita en-aut-mei=Masako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KobashiMotoi en-aut-sei=Kobashi en-aut-mei=Motoi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=IchikawaHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Ichikawa en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaRyusuke en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Ryusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitohYoshihiro en-aut-sei=Mitoh en-aut-mei=Yoshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Division of Oral and Craniofacial Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Division of Oral and Craniofacial Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Oral Physiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Oral Physiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Division of Oral and Craniofacial Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Oral Physiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Oral Physiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=Orexin kn-keyword=Orexin en-keyword=Orexin receptor kn-keyword=Orexin receptor en-keyword=Superior salivatory nucleus kn-keyword=Superior salivatory nucleus en-keyword=Preganglionic neuron kn-keyword=Preganglionic neuron en-keyword=Chorda-lingual nerve kn-keyword=Chorda-lingual nerve en-keyword=Immunohistochemistry kn-keyword=Immunohistochemistry END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=9 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2020 dt-pub=20200427 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Association between Sleep Quality and Duration and Periodontal Disease among University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the association between sleep quality and duration, and periodontal disease among a group of young Japanese university students. First-year students (n = 1934) at Okayama University who voluntarily underwent oral health examinations were included in the analysis. Sleep quality and duration were assessed by the Japanese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Dentists examined Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified (OHI-S), probing pocket depth (PPD), and percentage of sites with bleeding on probing (BOP). Periodontal disease was defined as presence of PPD >= 4 mm and BOP >= 30%. Overall, 283 (14.6%) students had periodontal disease. Poor sleep quality was observed among 372 (19.2%) students. Mean (+/- standard deviation) sleep duration was 7.1 +/- 1.1 (hours/night). In the logistic regression analysis, periodontal disease was significantly associated with OHI-S (odds ratio [OR]: 2.30, 95% confident interval [CI]: 1.83-2.90; p < 0.001), but not sleep quality (OR: 1.09, 95% CI: 0.79-1.53; p = 0.577) or sleep duration (OR: 0.98, CI: 0.87-1.10; p = 0.717). In conclusion, sleep quality and duration were not associated with periodontal disease among this group of young Japanese university students. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IslamMd Monirul en-aut-sei=Islam en-aut-mei=Md Monirul kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=EkuniDaisuke en-aut-sei=Ekuni en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyamaNaoki en-aut-sei=Toyama en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=Taniguchi-TabataAyano en-aut-sei=Taniguchi-Tabata en-aut-mei=Ayano kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KataokaKota en-aut-sei=Kataoka en-aut-mei=Kota kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=Uchida-FukuharaYoko en-aut-sei=Uchida-Fukuhara en-aut-mei=Yoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukuharaDaiki en-aut-sei=Fukuhara en-aut-mei=Daiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=SahoHikari en-aut-sei=Saho en-aut-mei=Hikari kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=SawadaNanami en-aut-sei=Sawada en-aut-mei=Nanami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakashimaYukiho en-aut-sei=Nakashima en-aut-mei=Yukiho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwasakiYoshiaki en-aut-sei=Iwasaki en-aut-mei=Yoshiaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoritaManabu en-aut-sei=Morita en-aut-mei=Manabu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Health Service Center, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=sleep quality kn-keyword=sleep quality en-keyword=sleep duration kn-keyword=sleep duration en-keyword=periodontal disease kn-keyword=periodontal disease en-keyword=university students kn-keyword=university students END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2020 dt-pub=20200325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=若年者における睡眠時ブラキシズム、睡眠の質、および受動喫煙の関連：横断研究 kn-title=Associations between sleep bruxism, sleep quality, and exposure to secondhand smoke in Japanese young adults: a cross-sectional study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ToyamaNaoki en-aut-sei=Toyama en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name=外山直樹 kn-aut-sei=外山 kn-aut-mei=直樹 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=47 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=281 end-page=288 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=20191119 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Association of masticatory muscle activity with sleep arousal and other concomitant movements during sleep en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=OBJECTIVE:
This study aims to verify the associations among sleep bruxism (SB), sleep arousal (SA) and concurrent body movements.
MATERIAL AND METHODS:
Subjects underwent a standard overnight polysomnography test and audio-video recordings. Sleep quality was evaluated according to the Rechtschaffen and Kales criteria, while SA was determined as per the American Sleep Disorders Association criteria. Analyses were performed by an external institution after masking of the subjects' information. SB was assessed based on the presence/absence of rhythmic masticatory muscle activity (RMMA) episodes, which were identified by using electromyography of the masseter muscle. The observed simultaneous movements included lower leg movement (LLM), swallowing, face scratching, head movement, body movement, eye blinking, coughing, licking, sighing, body scratching, lip sucking, somniloquy and yawning. The LLM was determined visually, as well as through an increase in the tibialis electromyogram signal. Other movements were visually assessed using audio-video recordings. The incidences of all the simultaneous movements were compared between RMMA with intercurrent SA (SAwRMMA; RMMA episode derived from a masseter electromyogram showing more than 10% of maximum voluntary contraction) and SA without RMMA (SAw/oRMMA).
RESULTS:
Fourteen subjects were included in this study (females/males: 4/10, mean age: 31.5 ± 5.7 years). Among these, LLM, swallowing, body movement, licking, body scratching and lip sucking were frequently observed in SAwRMMA episodes than in SAw/oRMMA episodes, significantly. However, the non-specific simultaneous movements were higher observed in SAw/oRMMA episodes than that in SAwRMMA.
CONCLUSION:
Our results suggest that SB is concurrently activated with LLM in relation to arousal. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MikiHaruna en-aut-sei=Miki en-aut-mei=Haruna kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MinakuchiHajime en-aut-sei=Minakuchi en-aut-mei=Hajime kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyagiMayu en-aut-sei=Miyagi en-aut-mei=Mayu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaraEmilio Satoshi en-aut-sei=Hara en-aut-mei=Emilio Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShigemotoShuji en-aut-sei=Shigemoto en-aut-mei=Shuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiYoshitaka en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Yoshitaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaekawaKenji en-aut-sei=Maekawa en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsukaYoshizo en-aut-sei=Matsuka en-aut-mei=Yoshizo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=ClarkGlenn T. en-aut-sei=Clark en-aut-mei=Glenn T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=KubokiTakuo en-aut-sei=Kuboki en-aut-mei=Takuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Stomatgnathic Function and Occlusal Reconstruction, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Clinical Dentistry, Tokushima University Graduate School kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Biomaterials, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Stomatgnathic Function and Occlusal Reconstruction, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Clinical Dentistry, Tokushima University Graduate School kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Stomatgnathic Function and Occlusal Reconstruction, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Clinical Dentistry, Tokushima University Graduate School kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Advanced Program in Orofacial Pain and Oral Medicine, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=concomitant movement kn-keyword=concomitant movement en-keyword=non-specific simultaneous movements kn-keyword=non-specific simultaneous movements en-keyword=polysomnography assessment kn-keyword=polysomnography assessment en-keyword=rhythmic masticatory muscle activity kn-keyword=rhythmic masticatory muscle activity en-keyword=sleep arousal kn-keyword=sleep arousal en-keyword=sleep bruxism kn-keyword=sleep bruxism END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=49 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=478 end-page=483 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=20190621 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Arousal from Tonic Immobility by Vibration Stimulus en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= Tonic immobility (TI) is an effective anti-predator strategy. However, long immobility status on the ground increases the risk of being eaten by predators, and thus insects must rouse themselves when appropriate stimulation is provided. Here, the strength of vibration causing arousal from the state of TI was examined in strains artificially selected for longer duration of TI (L-strains: long sleeper) in a beetle. We provided different strengths of vibration stimuli to the long sleepers in Tribolium castaneum. Although immobilized beetles were never awakened by the stimuli from 0.01 to 0.12 mm in amplitude, almost of the beetles were aroused from immobilized status by the stimulus at 0.21 mm. There was a difference in sensitivity of individuals when the stimuli of 0.14 mm and 0.18 mm were provided. F2 individuals were also bred by crossing experiments of the strains selected for shorter and longer duration of TI. The arousal sensitivity to vibration was well separated in the F2 individuals. A positive relationship was observed between the duration of TI and the vibration amplitude, suggesting that immobilized beetles are difficult to arouse from a deep sleep, while light sleepers are easily aroused by even small vibrations. The results indicate a genetic basis for sensitivity to arousal from TI. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MiyatakeTakahisa en-aut-sei=Miyatake en-aut-mei=Takahisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumuraKentarou en-aut-sei=Matsumura en-aut-mei=Kentarou kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitayamaRyota en-aut-sei=Kitayama en-aut-mei=Ryota kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukiKeiichi en-aut-sei=Otsuki en-aut-mei=Keiichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=JiYuhao en-aut-sei=Ji en-aut-mei=Yuhao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujisawaRyusuke en-aut-sei=Fujisawa en-aut-mei=Ryusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagayaNaohisa en-aut-sei=Nagaya en-aut-mei=Naohisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Graduate School of Environmental and Life ScienceOkayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Graduate School of Environmental and Life ScienceOkayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Graduate School of Environmental and Life ScienceOkayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering Kyoto Sangyo University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Graduate School of Environmental and Life ScienceOkayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=School of Computer Science and Systems EngineeringKyushu Institute of Technology kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering Kyoto Sangyo University kn-affil= en-keyword=Beetle kn-keyword=Beetle en-keyword=Crossing experiment kn-keyword=Crossing experiment en-keyword=Death feigning kn-keyword=Death feigning en-keyword=Selection experiment kn-keyword=Selection experiment en-keyword=Thanatosis kn-keyword=Thanatosis en-keyword=Tribolium kn-keyword=Tribolium END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=20190630 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=睡眠中の頭部冷却は女子大学生の黄体期における睡眠の質を改善する kn-title=Head cooling during sleep improves sleep quality in the luteal phase in female university students: A randomized crossover-controlled pilot study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HamanishiSeiji en-aut-sei=Hamanishi en-aut-mei=Seiji kn-aut-name=濵西誠司 kn-aut-sei=濵西 kn-aut-mei=誠司 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=73 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=117 end-page=125 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=201904 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Unintentional Injury Deaths among Children: A Descriptive Study Using Medico-legal Documents in Okayama Prefecture, Japan (2001−2015) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= According to the World Health Organization’s World Report, approx. 950,000 children and young people < 18 years old die from an injury each year, and unintentional injury deaths account for a large portion of these cases. Here we used medico-legal documents to epidemiologically analyze the cases of unintentional injury deaths among children < 5 years old in Okayama Prefecture, Japan from 2001 to 2015. Age, sex, manner/cause of death, and various circumstances of the incident were investigated. There were 73 unintentional injury deaths during the study period. Drowning (n=29), suffocation (n=24), and transport accidents (n=13) were the major categories of unintentional injury deaths. Twenty-two cases (30.1%) were autopsied. Differences in the characteristics of the unintentional injury deaths by age were observed. Information which cannot be obtained from Vital Statistics was available from medico-legal documents, and detailed characteristics of unintentional injury deaths among children < 5 years old were elucidated. Investigating medico-legal information is one of the meaningful measures for the prevention of unintentional injury deaths among children in Japan. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamasakiYukie en-aut-sei=Yamasaki en-aut-mei=Yukie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TamiyaNanako en-aut-sei=Tamiya en-aut-mei=Nanako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoHideki en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyaishiSatoru en-aut-sei=Miyaishi en-aut-mei=Satoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Legal Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Health Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Public Health, Teikyo University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Legal Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=child death kn-keyword=child death en-keyword=unintentional injury kn-keyword=unintentional injury en-keyword=prevention kn-keyword=prevention en-keyword=medico-legal document kn-keyword=medico-legal document END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=73 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=95 end-page=100 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=201904 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effect of Self-perceived Fatigue on Balance and Functional Mobility in Middle-Aged Obese Women en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= The aim of this study was to examine effect of fatigue levels on functional mobility and balance in middle-aged obese females. The study included 98 healthy females aged 40-60 years with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2. Self-perceived fatigue was evaluated with a self-administered questionnaire, the Checklist of Individual Strength in Turkish (CIS-T), on which 62.3% of the study subjects identified themselves as fatigued. The body weight and BMI values of fatigued subjects were found to be higher than those of the non-fatigue group (p<0.05). The reported exercise habits of the fatigue group were found to be significantly lower than their non-fatigued peers (p<0.05). The level of functional mobility (Timed Up and Go Test), static balance (One-Legged Stance Test with Eyes Open) and dynamic balance (Functional Reach Test and the 3-meter Timed Tandem Walk Test) were measured, and statistically significant differences were found between fatigue and non-fatigue groups on all of them (p<0.05). In addition, correlations were found between the sub-parameters of the CIS-T scale and the functional tests at en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ErcanSabriye en-aut-sei=Ercan en-aut-mei=Sabriye kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=Başkurt Ferdi en-aut-sei=Başkurt en-aut-mei= Ferdi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=BaşkurtZeliha en-aut-sei=Başkurt en-aut-mei=Zeliha kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ÇetinCem en-aut-sei=Çetin en-aut-mei=Cem kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Sports Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Medicine Faculty, Sports Medicine Department kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Suleyman Demirel University, Health Sciences Faculty kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Suleyman Demirel University, Health Sciences Faculty kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Sports Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Medicine Faculty kn-affil= en-keyword=fatigue kn-keyword=fatigue en-keyword=obesity kn-keyword=obesity en-keyword=mobility kn-keyword=mobility en-keyword=balance kn-keyword=balance en-keyword=woman kn-keyword=woman END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=73 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=15 end-page=20 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=201902 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=High-flow Nasal Cannula Versus Noninvasive ventilation for Postextubation Acute Respiratory Failure after Pediatric Cardiac Surgery en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= We compared the reintubation rate in children who received high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy to the rate in children who received noninvasive ventilation (NIV) therapy for acute respiratory failure (ARF) after cardiac surgery. This was a retrospective analysis of 35 children who received HFNC therapy for ARF after cardiac surgery in 2014-2015 (the HFNC group). We selected 35 children who had received NIV therapy for ARF after cardiac surgery in 2009-2012 as a control group. The matching parameters were body weight and risk adjustment for congenital heart surgery category 1. The reintubation rate within 48 h in the HFNC group tended to be lower than that in the NIV group (3% vs. 17%, p=0.06). The reintubation rate within 28 days was significantly lower in the HFNC group compared to the NIV group (3% vs. 26%, p=0.04). The HFNC group’s ICU stays were significantly shorter than those of the NIV group: 10 (IQR: 7-17) days vs. 17 (11-32) days, p=0.009. HFNC therapy might be associated with a reduced reintubation rate in children with ARF after cardiac surgery. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShiojiNaohiro en-aut-sei=Shioji en-aut-mei=Naohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanazawaTomoyuki en-aut-sei=Kanazawa en-aut-mei=Tomoyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwasakiTatsuo en-aut-sei=Iwasaki en-aut-mei=Tatsuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimizuKazuyoshi en-aut-sei=Shimizu en-aut-mei=Kazuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuemoriTomohiko en-aut-sei=Suemori en-aut-mei=Tomohiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuroeYasutoshi en-aut-sei=Kuroe en-aut-mei=Yasutoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorimatsuHiroshi en-aut-sei=Morimatsu en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=high-flow nasal cannula kn-keyword=high-flow nasal cannula en-keyword=noninvasive ventilation kn-keyword=noninvasive ventilation en-keyword=reintubation kn-keyword=reintubation en-keyword=congenital heart disease kn-keyword=congenital heart disease en-keyword=acute respiratory failure kn-keyword=acute respiratory failure END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=72 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=419 end-page=422 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2018 dt-pub=201808 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Microseizures Induced by Topiramate en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= A 22-year-old Japanese male with trisomy 21 was diagnosed with West syndrome at 4 months old. After the suppression of epileptic spasms using adrenocorticotropic hormone therapy, he had complex partial seizures and bilateral frontal epileptic discharges on EEG. Although the introduction of topiramate (TPM) decreased the seizures during wakefulness, frequent episodes of brief eye-opening appeared during sleep while the patient was taking TPM (400 mg/day). EEG showed fast activity at the times of eye-opening. The episodes of eye-opening during sleep and the fast activities disappeared upon TPM discontinuation. This is the first report of TPM-induced microseizures similar to benzodiazepine-induced microseizures. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MiyakeSusumu en-aut-sei=Miyake en-aut-mei=Susumu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugitaMakio en-aut-sei=Sugita en-aut-mei=Makio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=Okazaki Tomio en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei= Tomio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakenakaMieko en-aut-sei=Takenaka en-aut-mei=Mieko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuwabaraKentarou en-aut-sei=Kuwabara en-aut-mei=Kentarou kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OgawaKazunori en-aut-sei=Ogawa en-aut-mei=Kazunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Tokiwa-Kure Facilities for Persons with Severe Motor and Intellectual Disabilities kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Tokiwa-Kure Facilities for Persons with Severe Motor and Intellectual Disabilities kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Tokiwa-Kure Facilities for Persons with Severe Motor and Intellectual Disabilities kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Child Neurology, Hiroshima City Hiroshima Citizens Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Child Neurology, Hiroshima City Hiroshima Citizens Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Child Neurology, Hiroshima City Hiroshima Citizens Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=topiramate kn-keyword=topiramate en-keyword=microseizures kn-keyword=microseizures en-keyword=paroxysmal fast activity kn-keyword=paroxysmal fast activity en-keyword=side effects kn-keyword=side effects en-keyword=seizure aggravation kn-keyword=seizure aggravation END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=72 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=297 end-page=300 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2018 dt-pub=201806 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Ictal Cardiorespiratory Arrest Associated with Status Epilepticus in Panayiotopoulos Syndrome en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= A healthy 10-year-old boy vomited during sleep and later complained of abdominal pain; he became drowsy and uncommunicative. At the nearby hospital E.R., he deteriorated rapidly, and his respiratory movements were absent with cardiac arrest. He was immediately resuscitated. Brain MRI showed no abnormalities. EEG revealed an abnormal pattern with recurrent multifocal epileptiform activity over the bilateral occipital and frontal regions during sleep. Based on the clinical/radiological findings we diagnosed Panayiotopoulos syndrome (PS), a benign form of early-onset pediatric epilepsy characterized by autonomic symptoms. Lifethreating cardiopulmonary arrest is rare in PS, but long seizure duration of PS may associate with apnea and bradycardia. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamamotoHirotsugu en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Hirotsugu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaitoHiromichi en-aut-sei=Naito en-aut-mei=Hiromichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakoTakaaki en-aut-sei=Osako en-aut-mei=Takaaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsukaharaKohei en-aut-sei=Tsukahara en-aut-mei=Kohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamadaTaihei en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=Taihei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YumotoTetsuya en-aut-sei=Yumoto en-aut-mei=Tetsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=IidaAtsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Iida en-aut-mei=Atsuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KosakiYoshinori en-aut-sei=Kosaki en-aut-mei=Yoshinori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkaMakio en-aut-sei=Oka en-aut-mei=Makio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=EndoFumika en-aut-sei=Endo en-aut-mei=Fumika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=GochiAkira en-aut-sei=Gochi en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakaoAtsunori en-aut-sei=Nakao en-aut-mei=Atsunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Child Neurology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Child Neurology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Ibara City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=pediatric epilepsy kn-keyword=pediatric epilepsy en-keyword= autonomic symptom kn-keyword= autonomic symptom en-keyword=cardiac arrest kn-keyword=cardiac arrest en-keyword=afebrile seizure kn-keyword=afebrile seizure en-keyword=EEG kn-keyword=EEG END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2017 dt-pub=20170929 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=口腔顔面痛の既往の有無と昼夜咬筋筋活動の関係に関する研究 kn-title=Study on masseter muscle activity during awake and sleep in relation to history of orofacial pain en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Acing Habibie Mude en-aut-sei=Acing Habibie Mude en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=129 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=85 end-page=87 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2017 dt-pub=20170801 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The 2016 Incentive Award of the Okayama Medical Association in Neuroscience (2016 Niimi Prize) kn-title=平成28年度岡山医学会賞 脳神経研究奨励賞（新見賞） en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShibataTakashi en-aut-sei=Shibata en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name=柴田敬 kn-aut-sei=柴田 kn-aut-mei=敬 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Child Neurology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科　発達神経病態学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=66 cd-vols= no-issue=7 article-no= start-page=371 end-page=376 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2016 dt-pub=201607 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Efficacy and Safety of Salmeterol/fluticasone Combination Therapy in Infants and Preschool Children with Asthma Insufficiently Controlled by Inhaled Corticosteroids en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: Clinical evidences of inhaled salmeterol/fluticasone propionate combination (SFC) therapy are insufficient in early childhood asthma.
Objectives: To examine the effects of SFC50, a combination product of salmeterol xinafoate (50 μg/day) and fluticasone propionate (100 μg/day), in infants and preschool children with asthma.
Methods: The study was conducted at 31 sites in Japan. 35 patients (6 months to 5 years old) with asthma insufficiently controlled by inhaled corticosteroids (100 μg/day) were initiated to treat with SFC50 twice a day for 12 weeks with pressurized metered dose inhalers. The efficacy of SFC50 was assessed using nighttime sleep disorder score as the primary endpoint and the other efficacy measurements. The safety measurement included the incidences of adverse event (AE).
Results: Mean patient age was 3.1 years, and 94.2% had mild-to-moderate persistent asthma (atopic type: 65.7%). Nighttime sleep disorder scores, assessed by a nighttime sleep diary, significantly decreased after treatment with SFC50 throughout the study period (p<0.01). SFC50 also significantly improved other efficacy outcomes including asthma symptom score, frequency of short-acting beta-agonist treatment, frequency of unscheduled visits to clinic, frequency of exacerbation due to virus infection, asthma control score and patient QOL score (p<0.01). AEs of cold, upper respiratory inflammation and asthmatic attack occurred in each of the 3 patients (8.6%); however, these were not regarded as treatment-related AEs.
Conclusions: SFC50 improved nighttime sleep disorder score and other efficacy outcome measures with no safety concerns. The results suggest that SFC50 treatment is useful to control the mild-to-moderate asthma in infant and preschool-aged children. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YoshiharaS. en-aut-sei=Yoshihara en-aut-mei=S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukudaH. en-aut-sei=Fukuda en-aut-mei=H. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TamuraM. en-aut-sei=Tamura en-aut-mei=M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ArisakaO. en-aut-sei=Arisaka en-aut-mei=O. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkedaM. en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukudaN. en-aut-sei=Fukuda en-aut-mei=N. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsujiT. en-aut-sei=Tsuji en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=HasegawaS. en-aut-sei=Hasegawa en-aut-mei=S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=KannoN. en-aut-sei=Kanno en-aut-mei=N. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=TeraokaM. en-aut-sei=Teraoka en-aut-mei=M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=WakiguchiH. en-aut-sei=Wakiguchi en-aut-mei=H. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=AokiY. en-aut-sei=Aoki en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=TeradaA. en-aut-sei=Terada en-aut-mei=A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=HasegawaM. en-aut-sei=Hasegawa en-aut-mei=M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=MankiA. en-aut-sei=Manki en-aut-mei=A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=IgarashiH. en-aut-sei=Igarashi en-aut-mei=H. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Dokkyo Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Dokkyo Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Dokkyo Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Dokkyo Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Pediatric Acute Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Grimm Pediatrics and Allergy Clinic kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, JA Hiroshima General Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Nishikata Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Kurashiki Municipal Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Nagato General Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Terada Kid’s Allergy & Asthma Clinic kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Yamaguchi Grand Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Okayama City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Nogi Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=salmeterol/fluticasone combination kn-keyword=salmeterol/fluticasone combination en-keyword=asthma kn-keyword=asthma en-keyword=infant kn-keyword=infant en-keyword=preschool children kn-keyword=preschool children en-keyword=nighttime sleep disorder score kn-keyword=nighttime sleep disorder score en-keyword=long-acting beta-agonist kn-keyword=long-acting beta-agonist en-keyword= inhaled corticosteroid kn-keyword= inhaled corticosteroid END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=128 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=183 end-page=189 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2016 dt-pub=20161201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Electroencephalography：an old examination tool with a new meaning for childhood epilepsy kn-title=脳波：小児てんかんにおける古くて新しい検査 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KobayashiKatsuhiro en-aut-sei=Kobayashi en-aut-mei=Katsuhiro kn-aut-name=小林勝弘 kn-aut-sei=小林 kn-aut-mei=勝弘 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Child Neurology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科　発達神経病態学 en-keyword=頭皮脳波 kn-keyword=頭皮脳波 en-keyword=点頭てんかん kn-keyword=点頭てんかん en-keyword=てんかん外科 kn-keyword=てんかん外科 en-keyword=高周波振動 kn-keyword=高周波振動 en-keyword=時間・周波数分析 kn-keyword=時間・周波数分析 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=128 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=103 end-page=109 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2016 dt-pub=20160801 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Identification of the adipokine ‘vaspin’ and its significance in metabolic syndrome kn-title=アディポカイン「バスピン」の同定とメタボリックシンドロームにおける意義 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WadaJun en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name=和田淳 kn-aut-sei=和田 kn-aut-mei=淳 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科　腎・免疫・内分泌代謝内科学 en-keyword=metabolic syndrome kn-keyword=metabolic syndrome en-keyword=adipokine kn-keyword=adipokine en-keyword=atherosclerosis kn-keyword=atherosclerosis en-keyword=endothelial cells kn-keyword=endothelial cells en-keyword=apoptosis kn-keyword=apoptosis END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2016 dt-pub=20160325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=アーユルヴェーダのごま油シローダーラー（頭部滴油療法）による睡眠改善効果の検討：お湯シローダーラーと比較したランダム化一重盲検クロスオーバーデザインによるパイロット研究 kn-title=Effects of Ayurvedic Oil-Dripping Treatment with Sesame Oil vs. with Warm Water on Sleep: A Randomized Single-Blinded Crossover Pilot Study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TokinobuAkiko en-aut-sei=Tokinobu en-aut-mei=Akiko kn-aut-name=時信亜希子 kn-aut-sei=時信 kn-aut-mei=亜希子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=69 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=177 end-page=182 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2015 dt-pub=201506 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Maxillary Advancement for Unilateral Crossbite in a Patient with Sleep Apnea Syndrome en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This article reports the case of a 44-year-old male with skeletal Class III, Angle Class III malocclusion and unilateral crossbite with concerns about obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), esthetics and functional problems. To correct the skeletal deformities, the maxilla was anteriorly repositioned by employing LeFort I osteotomy following pre-surgical orthodontic treatment, because a mandibular setback might induce disordered breathing and cause OSAS. After active treatment for 13 months, satisfactory occlusion was achieved and an acceptable facial and oral profile was obtained. In addition, the apnea hypopnea index (AHI) decreased from 18.8 preoperatively to 10.6 postoperatively. Furthermore, after a follow-up period of 7 months, the AHI again significantly decreased from 10.6 to 6.2. In conclusion, surgical advancement of the maxilla using LeFort I osteotomy has proven to be useful in patients with this kind of skeletal malocclusion, while preventing a worsening of the OSAS. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HoshijimaMitsuhiro en-aut-sei=Hoshijima en-aut-mei=Mitsuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HonjoTadashi en-aut-sei=Honjo en-aut-mei=Tadashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoritaniNorifumi en-aut-sei=Moritani en-aut-mei=Norifumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=IidaSeiji en-aut-sei=Iida en-aut-mei=Seiji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamashiroTakashi en-aut-sei=Yamashiro en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KamiokaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Kamioka en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Departments of Orthodontics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Departments of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstructive Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Departments of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstructive Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Departments of Orthodontics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences en-keyword=LeFort I osteotomy kn-keyword=LeFort I osteotomy en-keyword=maxillary advancement kn-keyword=maxillary advancement en-keyword=unilateral crossbite kn-keyword=unilateral crossbite en-keyword=obstructive sleep apnea syndrome kn-keyword=obstructive sleep apnea syndrome END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=9 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2014 dt-pub=20140131 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Bright Side and Dark Side of Workplace Social Capital: Opposing Effects of Gender on Overweight among Japanese Employees en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: A growing number of studies have sought to examine the health associations of workplace social capital; however, evidence of associations with overweight is sparse. We examined the association between individual perceptions of workplace social capital and overweight among Japanese male and female employees. Methodology/Principal Findings: We conducted a cross-sectional survey among full-time employees at a company in Osaka prefecture in February 2012. We used an 8-item measure to assess overall and sub-dimensions of workplace social capital, divided into tertiles. Of 1050 employees, 849 responded, and 750 (624 men and 126 women) could be linked to annual health check-up data in the analysis. Binomial logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for overweight (body mass index: >= 25 kg/m(2), calculated from measured weight and height) separately for men and women. The prevalence of overweight was 24.5% among men and 14.3% among women. Among men, low levels of bonding and linking social capital in the workplace were associated with a nearly 2-fold risk of overweight compared to high corresponding dimensions of social capital when adjusted for age, sleep hours, physiological distress, and lifestyle. In contrast, among women we found lower overall and linking social capital to be associated with lower odds for overweight even after covariate adjustment. Subsequently, we used multinomial logistic regression analyses to assess the relationships between a 1 standard deviation (SD) decrease in mean social capital and odds of underweight/overweight relative to normal weight. Among men, a 1-SD decrease in overall, bonding, and linking social capital was significantly associated with higher odds of overweight, but not with underweight. Among women, no significant associations were found for either overweight or underweight. Conclusions/Significance: We found opposite gender relationships between perceived low linking workplace social capital and overweight among Japanese employees. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KobayashiTomoko en-aut-sei=Kobayashi en-aut-mei=Tomoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiEtsuji en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Etsuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OksanenTuula en-aut-sei=Oksanen en-aut-mei=Tuula kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawachiIchiro en-aut-sei=Kawachi en-aut-mei=Ichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakaoSoshi en-aut-sei=Takao en-aut-mei=Soshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Grad Sch Med Dent & Pharmaceut Sci affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Grad Sch Med Dent & Pharmaceut Sci affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Ctr Expertise Dev Work & Org affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Social & Behav Sci affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Grad Sch Med Dent & Pharmaceut Sci END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=30 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=35 end-page=38 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2014 dt-pub=201404 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Behavioral analysis of the effects of long-term treatment with L-ornithine in mice kn-title=マウス行動分析によるL-オルニチン長期投与の効果について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=L-ornithine has recently received considerable attention as an anxiolytic-like or antifatigue agent in both human and animal studies. However, most previous results were obtained from a single administration of L-ornithine. Accordingly, this study was designed to clarify the effects of long-term L-ornithine treatment on psychological stress and locomotor activity in mice using a variety of behavioral pharmacology methods. In a stress-induced hyperthermia test, 10 days of L-ornithine treatment induced hyperthermia elevation. Pentobarbital-induced sleep time was shortened by the treatment. However, no significant effects were detected in the elevated plus-maze, running wheel, or forced swim tests. These results suggest that long-term treatment with L-ornithine elevates stress sensitivity and arousal level in mice. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SogabeSaki en-aut-sei=Sogabe en-aut-mei=Saki kn-aut-name=曽我部咲 kn-aut-sei=曽我部 kn-aut-mei=咲 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiManami en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Manami kn-aut-name=鈴木真奈美 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=真奈美 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaikiAkiko en-aut-sei=Saiki en-aut-mei=Akiko kn-aut-name=佐伯綾希子 kn-aut-sei=佐伯 kn-aut-mei=綾希子 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=InoueRikako en-aut-sei=Inoue en-aut-mei=Rikako kn-aut-name=井上里加子 kn-aut-sei=井上 kn-aut-mei=里加子 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayashiYasushi en-aut-sei=Hayashi en-aut-mei=Yasushi kn-aut-name=林泰資 kn-aut-sei=林 kn-aut-mei=泰資 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=ノートルダム清心女子大学大学院人間生活学研究科食品栄養学専攻 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=ノートルダム清心女子大学大学院人間生活学研究科食品栄養学専攻 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=ノートルダム清心女子大学大学院人間生活学研究科食品栄養学専攻 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=ノートルダム清心女子大学大学院人間生活学研究科食品栄養学専攻 affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=ノートルダム清心女子大学大学院人間生活学研究科食品栄養学専攻 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=153 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=81 end-page=87 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2013 dt-pub=20130725 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Association Between Three-year Longitudinal Changes in Physical Strength in Children with Their Build, Health Habits, and Psychophysical Health Indexes. kn-title=３年間にわたる子どもの体力縦断的変化が形態,生活習慣,心身の健康指標におよぼす影響 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this study we examined the association between longitudinal changes in schoolchildren＇s physical strength with their build, health habits, and psychophysical health index scores. Students (n= 195) were followed for three years, from the fifth to the eighth grade. Setting as a baseline the students＇ results on the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology＇s new physical strength test, we extracted data on those students whose physical strength relatively improved (improved group: 28 boys, 53 girls) and on those whose strength relatively declined (declined group: 15 boys, 16 girls). Build, health habits, and psychophysical health index scores were compared between the two groups. It was found that, although there were no significant differences in eating habits or sleeping habits between the two groups, compared to the improved group, the declined group was more likely to be either obese or underweight, have short durations of intense exercise and total exercise, and longer duration of watching television or videos. The declined group also showed poorer psychological health status, such as lower self-efficacy and higher anxiety. 　These findings indicate that children with good exercise habits, such as consistently engaging in a adequate physical activities that include intense exercise, will have improved physical strength outcome over time, whereas those children with few regular exercise habits and whose strength will not improve over time, will show outcomes such as polarization of body weight (obesity and underweight tendencies) and poorer psychological health status. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AdachiMinoru en-aut-sei=Adachi en-aut-mei=Minoru kn-aut-name=足立稔 kn-aut-sei=足立 kn-aut-mei=稔 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakoHaruko en-aut-sei=Sako en-aut-mei=Haruko kn-aut-name=酒向治子 kn-aut-sei=酒向 kn-aut-mei=治子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SasayamaKensaku en-aut-sei=Sasayama en-aut-mei=Kensaku kn-aut-name=笹山健作 kn-aut-sei=笹山 kn-aut-mei=健作 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil= en-keyword=子ども kn-keyword=子ども en-keyword=体力 kn-keyword=体力 en-keyword=生活習慣 kn-keyword=生活習慣 en-keyword=縦断的研究 kn-keyword=縦断的研究 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=66 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=317 end-page=327 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2012 dt-pub=201208 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Water Extract of Vitis coignetiae Pulliat Leaves Attenuates Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Progressive NASH Rats en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of the water extract of leaves of Vitis coignetiae Pulliat (VCPL) on nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) with advanced fibrosis, as our previous study exhibited its preventive effect on NASH. The NASH animal model [PCT/JP2007/52477] was prepared by loading recurrent and intermittent hypoxemia stress to a rat with fatty liver, which resembled the condition occurring in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and fatty liver, who have a high incidence of NASH. Intermittent hypoxemia stress is regarded as a condition similar to warm ischemia followed by re-oxygenation, which induces oxidative stress (OS). The daily 100 or 300mg/kg VCPL administrations were performed for 3 weeks perorally beginning at the time of detection of advanced liver fibrosis. The therapeutic efficacy of VCPL on NASH was demonstrated by the reduction of the leakage of hepato-biliary enzymes and the amelioration of liver fibrosis. The OS elevation in NASH rats was measured based on the derivation of reactive oxygen species from liver mitochondrial energy metabolism and on the decrease in plasma SOD-like activity. The aggravation of inflammatory responses was demonstrated by the neutrophil infiltration (elevated myeloperoxidase activity) and the progression of fibrosis in the livers of NASH rats. In addition, the NASH rats without VCPL treatment also exhibited activation of nuclear factor-κB, a key factor in the link between oxidative stress and inflammation. All of these changes were reduced dose-dependently by the VCPL administration. These findings indicate that VCPL may improve hepatic fibrosis or at least suppress the progression of NASH, by breaking the crosstalk between OS and inflammation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=PakWing en-aut-sei=Pak en-aut-mei=Wing kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakayamaFusako en-aut-sei=Takayama en-aut-mei=Fusako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HasegawaAzusa en-aut-sei=Hasegawa en-aut-mei=Azusa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MankuraMitsumasa en-aut-sei=Mankura en-aut-mei=Mitsumasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=EgashiraToru en-aut-sei=Egashira en-aut-mei=Toru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=UekiKeiji en-aut-sei=Ueki en-aut-mei=Keiji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamotoKazuo en-aut-sei=Nakamoto en-aut-mei=Kazuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawasakiHiromu en-aut-sei=Kawasaki en-aut-mei=Hiromu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriAkitane en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=Akitane kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Anti-Aging Food Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Hiruzen Winery Co., Ltd affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=9 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Anti-Aging Food Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine en-keyword=non-alcoholic steatohepatitis kn-keyword=non-alcoholic steatohepatitis en-keyword=antioxidative kn-keyword=antioxidative en-keyword=oxidative stress kn-keyword=oxidative stress en-keyword=anti-inflammation kn-keyword=anti-inflammation en-keyword=Vitis coignetiae Pulliat kn-keyword=Vitis coignetiae Pulliat END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=66 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=93 end-page=99 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2012 dt-pub=201204 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Sleep Duration and Overweight among Elementary Schoolchildren:A Population-based Study in Japan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Although a number of studies have investigated the relationship of sleep duration to overweight and obesity, studies conducted among population-based elementary schoolchildren have been limited in Japan. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between sleep duration and overweight among elementary schoolchildren in Japan. The study subjects were all fourth-grade schoolchildren (9 or 10 years of age) in Ina-town, Saitama Prefecture, Japan from 1999 to 2008. Information concerning each subjectʼs sex, age, and lifestyle was obtained using a self-administered questionnaire, while measurements of his or her height and weight were carried out. Childhood overweight was determined according to the definition established by the International Obesity Task Force. Data from 3,433 children were analyzed. In logistic regression analysis, a statistically significant dose-response relationship was observed between sleep duration and overweight among boys (p for trend＝0.014) but not among girls (p for trend＝0.149). Short sleep duration was associated with childhood overweight, and the sex difference in the association was observed. These findings suggested that it is important to consider sleep duration as part of any program to prevent overweight among elementary schoolchildren, especially among boys. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OchiaiHirotaka en-aut-sei=Ochiai en-aut-mei=Hirotaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShirasawaTakako en-aut-sei=Shirasawa en-aut-mei=Takako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimadaNaoki en-aut-sei=Shimada en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhtsuTadahiro en-aut-sei=Ohtsu en-aut-mei=Tadahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishimuraRimei en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Rimei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorimotoAya en-aut-sei=Morimoto en-aut-mei=Aya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HoshinoHiromi en-aut-sei=Hoshino en-aut-mei=Hiromi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=TajimaNaoko en-aut-sei=Tajima en-aut-mei=Naoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=KokazeAkatsuki en-aut-sei=Kokaze en-aut-mei=Akatsuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Public Health, Showa University School of Medicine affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Public Health, Showa University School of Medicine affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Public Health, Showa University School of Medicine affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Public Health, Showa University School of Medicine affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Public Health, Showa University School of Medicine affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=Jikei University School of Medicine affil-num=9 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Public Health, Showa University School of Medicine en-keyword=sleep kn-keyword=sleep en-keyword=overweight kn-keyword=overweight en-keyword=schoolchildren kn-keyword=schoolchildren en-keyword=Japan kn-keyword=Japan END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=66 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=41 end-page=51 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2012 dt-pub=201202 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Preferable Forms of Relaxation for Health Promotion, and the Association between Recreational Activities and Self-perceived Health en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Little research has been done on the association between relaxation and health. In the present study, by conducting a nationwide cross-sectional survey, we aimed to obtain scientific data on the preferable forms of relaxation for health promotion, and to clarify the associations between specific recreational activities and self-perceived mental and physical health. We selected 4,000 households by stratified random sampling from across Japan in November 2009 and used the interview method to collect data (number of subjects:2,206). The questionnaire contained items on sleep, recreation status, recreational activities, and self-perceived mental and physical health status. We obtained responses from 1,224 adults (response rate:55.5%). Insufficient rest from sleep, short sleep duration (＜6h/day), ineffective use of free time, and less free time used for activities other than rest showed independent positive associations with poor mental and physical health. The results of the logistic regression analyses showed significantly low adjusted odds ratios with regard to the status of poor mental and physical health for outings/walking among men (0.33 [95% confidence interval;0.16-0.68] and 0.49 [0.26-0.90], respectively), and for community activities among women (0.19 [0.04-0.79] and 0.27 [0.09-0.77], respectively). Relaxation for the promotion of health should include both passive relaxation (rest) and active relaxation (recreation). In addition, ensuring sufficient sleep duration is important for passive relaxation, and engaging in outings/walking for men and community activities for women are important for active relaxation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OhtsuTadahiro en-aut-sei=Ohtsu en-aut-mei=Tadahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KaneitaYoshitaka en-aut-sei=Kaneita en-aut-mei=Yoshitaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshimuraYohei en-aut-sei=Ishimura en-aut-mei=Yohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=AritakeSayaka en-aut-sei=Aritake en-aut-mei=Sayaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MishimaKazuo en-aut-sei=Mishima en-aut-mei=Kazuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=UchiyamaMakoto en-aut-sei=Uchiyama en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkashibaTsuneto en-aut-sei=Akashiba en-aut-mei=Tsuneto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=UchimuraNaohisa en-aut-sei=Uchimura en-aut-mei=Naohisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakajiShigeyuki en-aut-sei=Nakaji en-aut-mei=Shigeyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=MunezawaTakeshi en-aut-sei=Munezawa en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimadaNaoki en-aut-sei=Shimada en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=KokazeAkatsuki en-aut-sei=Kokaze en-aut-mei=Akatsuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhidaTakashi en-aut-sei=Ohida en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Public Health, Showa University School of Medicine affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Neurology, Tokyo Medical University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Public Health, Nihon University School of Medicine affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Somnolgy, Tokyo Medical University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Psychophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Psychiatry, Nihon University School of Medicine affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Sleep and Respiratory Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kurume University School of Medicine affil-num=9 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Social Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine affil-num=10 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Neurology, Tokyo Medical University affil-num=11 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Public Health, Showa University School of Medicine affil-num=12 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Public Health, Showa University School of Medicine affil-num=13 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Neurology, Tokyo Medical University en-keyword=passive relaxation kn-keyword=passive relaxation en-keyword=active relaxation kn-keyword=active relaxation en-keyword=recreational activity kn-keyword=recreational activity en-keyword=self-perceived health kn-keyword=self-perceived health END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=65 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=193 end-page=197 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2011 dt-pub=201106 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Inhibitory Effect of 1α-Hydroxyvitamin D3 on N-nitrosobis (2-oxopropyl)Amine-induced Cholangiocarcinogenesis in Syrian Hamsters en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Sixty-three male 5-week-old Syrian hamsters received the carcinogen N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine (BOP) s.c. in 5 weekly injections (the first, 70mg/kg body, and the remaining, 20mg/kg each). The hamsters that received BOP were given intragastric administration of 0.2ml of medium chain triglyceride (MCT) with or without 0.04μg of 1α-hydroxyvitamin D3 [1α(OH)D3] through a feeding tube for 12 weeks. Thus, 3 groups were assigned:Group 1;BOP alone (n＝20), Group 2;BOP＋MCT (n＝18) and Group 3;BOP＋1α(OH)D3 (n＝25). The mean body weight of Group 3 was lower than those of Groups 1 and 2 at the end of the experiment (p＜0.001,Tukey-Kramer HSD test). At the end of week 12, all surviving hamsters were put to sleep. The incidences of liver tumors were 80%, 72% and 32% in Groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively. The incidence of tumors in Group 3 was significantly lower than in Group 1 and Group 2 (p＜0.05, χ2-test). All tumors were cholangiocarcinoma. These results indicated that BOP-induced cholangiocarcinogenesis was suppressed by the supplemental administration of 1α(OH)D3. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KawauraAkihiko en-aut-sei=Kawaura en-aut-mei=Akihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanidaNoritoshi en-aut-sei=Tanida en-aut-mei=Noritoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkiyamaJunichi en-aut-sei=Akiyama en-aut-mei=Junichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NonakaKouji en-aut-sei=Nonaka en-aut-mei=Kouji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MizutaniMasatoshi en-aut-sei=Mizutani en-aut-mei=Masatoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SawadaKenji en-aut-sei=Sawada en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakagawaKimie en-aut-sei=Nakagawa en-aut-mei=Kimie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsugawaNaoko en-aut-sei=Tsugawa en-aut-mei=Naoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=IzumiKeisuke en-aut-sei=Izumi en-aut-mei=Keisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=IiKunio en-aut-sei=Ii en-aut-mei=Kunio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkanoToshio en-aut-sei=Okano en-aut-mei=Toshio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakedaEiji en-aut-sei=Takeda en-aut-mei=Eiji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Care and Social Welfare, KIBI International University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Medical Humanities, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Care and Social Welfare, KIBI International University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Research Institute of Health and Welfare, KIBI International University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Care and Social Welfare, KIBI International University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Sawada Clinic affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Hygienic Sciences, Kobe Pharmaceutical University affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Hygienic Sciences, Kobe Pharmaceutical University affil-num=9 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Molecular and Environmental Pathology, The University of Tokushima Graduate School affil-num=10 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Health and Welfare, Tokushima Bunri University affil-num=11 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Hygienic Sciences, Kobe Pharmaceutical University affil-num=12 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School en-keyword=1α-hydroxyvitamin D3 kn-keyword=1α-hydroxyvitamin D3 en-keyword=N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine kn-keyword=N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine en-keyword=cholangiocarcinogenesis kn-keyword=cholangiocarcinogenesis en-keyword=Syrian hamsters kn-keyword=Syrian hamsters END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=65 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=21 end-page=25 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2011 dt-pub=201102 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Evaluation of Carotid Arterial Intima-Media Thickness (IMT) and Its Relation to Clinical Parameters in Japanese Children en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The aim of this study was to evaluate the carotid arterial intima-media thickness (IMT) and its relation to clinical parameters in Japanese children. Fifty-two healthy children (39 boys and 13 girls), aged 6-14 years, were enrolled in this cross-sectional investigation study. IMT of the common carotid artery was determined using ultrasonography. We also investigated anthropometric parameters, blood pressure (BP), lifestyles and blood examinations. The mean value of IMT was 0.4±0.1mm, which was lower than the normal value (1.0mm) in adults. IMT was positively correlated with age (r＝0.340) and height (r＝0.346) in boys, while it was positively correlated with body mass index (BMI) (r＝0.584) and diastolic BP (DBP) (r＝0.563) in girls. In addition, IMT was associated with sleeping hours and hours of watching television (TV) by using stepwise regression analysis. In conclusion, IMT increased with aging, and it was linked to some clinical parameters of atherosclerosis and lifestyles in children. Therefore, this reference data will be helpful for future assessment of age-related change in Japanese children in clinical practice, and IMT might be a good predictor of atherosclerosis in Japanese children. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TamuraHiroko en-aut-sei=Tamura en-aut-mei=Hiroko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzueTakeshi en-aut-sei=Suzue en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=JitsunariFumihiko en-aut-sei=Jitsunari en-aut-mei=Fumihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiraoTomohiro en-aut-sei=Hirao en-aut-mei=Tomohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Sanyo Gakuen University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University en-keyword=intima-media thickness (IMT) kn-keyword=intima-media thickness (IMT) en-keyword=lifestyle kn-keyword=lifestyle en-keyword=Japanese children kn-keyword=Japanese children en-keyword=proportional hazards models kn-keyword=proportional hazards models en-keyword=atherosclerosis kn-keyword=atherosclerosis END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=69 cd-vols= no-issue=12 article-no= start-page=3215 end-page=3218 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1957 dt-pub=19571231 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Barbital Concentration in Body and Sleep Part 3. The Concentration of Barbital in Blood and the Electroencephalography (E. E. G.) kn-title=バルビタールの体液中濃度と睡眠に関する研究 第3編 バルビタール血中濃度と脳波 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=As described in report 1, I obtained a vague idea about the relationship between the barbital concentration in blood and sleep in my previous experiments. In order to clarify this relationship still further, I used the δ-index of E. E. G. for the numerical representation of depth of sleep, and examined the possibility of a parallel relationship between this index and the barbital concentration in blood. The results revealed that ths two fluctuate in parallel up to one to two hours after oral administration of barbital but beyond two hours the δ-index decreased rather independently of the barbital concentration in blood. From this result, the brain seems to posess a resistant (a familiarized phenomenon) at this stage to barlital, and therefore, the beginning of a habitual tendency had apparently been created in the brain. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SaraiKeisuke en-aut-sei=Sarai en-aut-mei=Keisuke kn-aut-name=更井啓介 kn-aut-sei=更井 kn-aut-mei=啓介 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部神経精神医学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=69 cd-vols= no-issue=12 article-no= start-page=3211 end-page=3214 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1957 dt-pub=19571231 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Barbital Concentration in Body and Sleep Part 2. Barbital Concentrations in Blood and Cerebro-Spinal Fliud kn-title=バルビタールの体液中濃度と睡眠に関する研究 第2編 バルビタールの血中濃度と髓液濃度 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The pathway by which barbital reaches the brain is still unknown. Generally there are two possible pathways through which substances in blood enter into the brain, namely, one, directly through blood vessels and the other, by way of the choriomeningeal plexus. Barbital will possibly enter the brain by the former pathway but it may enter the brain by way of the cerebro-spinal fluid as in the case of P.(32) In order to verify this point, I have measured the barbital concentrations in the lumbar fluid and the ventricle fluid, each obtained at the time of lobotomy and at the pneumo-ventriclography, respectively. From these results, it has been found that barbital immigrated into the cerebro-spinal fluid faster than bromine so that there seems to be a possible pathway to the brain through this fluid. Moreover, in the measurements of the barbital concentration in the ventricle fluid after oral administration has been found higher than that in the lumbar fluid. For this reason, I believe that the choriomeningeal plexus plays the leading rôle in the production of the cerebro-spinal fluid as contended by other investigators. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SaraiKeisuke en-aut-sei=Sarai en-aut-mei=Keisuke kn-aut-name=更井啓介 kn-aut-sei=更井 kn-aut-mei=啓介 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部神経精神医学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=69 cd-vols= no-issue=12 article-no= start-page=3207 end-page=3209 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1957 dt-pub=19571231 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Barbital Concentration in Body and Sleep Part 1. The Concentration of Barbital in Blood kn-title=バルビタールの体液中濃度と睡眠に関する研究 第1編 バルビタールの血中濃度について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In the age when there are so many users of narcotic drugs as at the present, it is rather surprising that nothing definite is known about the concentration of barbital in blood after its administration; and this can be keenly realized if one takes into consideration the fact that barbital is one of the most frequently used narcotic drugs. This aroused my interest in intiating the study on the barbital concentration in body. I have examined human body repeatedly with the use of Goldschmidt's method and measured the barbital concentration in blood. As the results, it has been found that the barbital concentration in blood reaches its maximum about two hours after its administration, and although it gradually decreases thereafter, it still maintains a relatively high level after twenty-four hours. This point coincides well with that of drugs clinically used for inducing lasting sleep. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SaraiKeisuke en-aut-sei=Sarai en-aut-mei=Keisuke kn-aut-name=更井啓介 kn-aut-sei=更井 kn-aut-mei=啓介 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部神経精神医学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=71 cd-vols= no-issue=11-2 article-no= start-page=7535 end-page=7539 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=19591030 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=A Case Suggestive of Hereditary Tremor and its Electroencephalogram kn-title=遺伝性振顫症を思わせる一症例とその脳波に就いて en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=Male, 72 years old farmor, Family history: His aunt, mother's elder sister (91 years) had "Nein Tremor" of the head in here about 32 years old. At the age of about 50 years she had tendon tremor on both hands which she still has today and she presents "Ja Tremor" of head. When she tries to do some thing this tremor is increased. Patient's youngest brother had cerebical ankylosis from the age of about 20 years, and therefore, when he wanted to look back he had to turn his whole body. However, both of them have otherwise no great inconvenience in their daily routines. The patient had suffered from arthritis-like piercing pain and neurasthenia of both lower limbs for the period of ten years starting from about his fortieth year. However, from the time when these pains had disappeared spontaneously, "Nein Tremor" of the head and expiratory dyspnea appeared. The tremor, persisting up to the present, increases in severity when he tries to do anything, but dyspnea disappeared spontaneously about two years after its onset. From the time of the disappearnce of dyspnea whenever he lies down on left side or on back in the afternoon, especially at night, to sleep, a most inexplicable unpleasant feeling begins to attack him first from head to breast, followed by myoclonus-like convulsive fit of both lower limbs. Both before and after the convulsive fit a peculiar abnormal eloctroencephalogram appears. However, when he changes his posture, the fit ceases and at the same time electreoncephalogram returns to normal. kn-abstract=私は遺伝性振顫症と思われる一症例に遭遇した.本症例は,両下肢に,ミオクローヌス様痙攣を惹起し,その前後には特有なる脳波を示する.猶,家系には,遠隔地に居住する者が多く,詳細なる遺伝歴を調査することは出来なかつたが,検索し得られた症例をも附記して,ここに報告した. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NambaHidehiro en-aut-sei=Namba en-aut-mei=Hidehiro kn-aut-name=難波英弘 kn-aut-sei=難波 kn-aut-mei=英弘 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=国立岩国病院精神科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=71 cd-vols= no-issue=11-2 article-no= start-page=7531 end-page=7533 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=19591030 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=A Case Report on a Young Student Taken a Large Dose of Perphenazine in an attempt at Suicide kn-title=自殺の目的を以つてP, Z, C (Perphenazine) を大量に服用した一症例 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A male student, 22 years old: Family history: He has a sister with mental weakness. Symptoms: Schizophrenia of 2 years' duration. He was treated with electric and insulin shocks, and with chlorpromazine and reserpin without avail. The administraticn of perphenazine (PZC) at last alleviated his symptoms. However, he had relapse three months later, and became so despondent of life that he took 260 mg PZC in one dose with an intention to commit suicide. This induced a deep sleep, followed by trismus and with a slight salivation, but no danger to his life. Such a large dose of PZC had no favorable effect on his symptoms. Yet, this patient improved soon afterward by daily administration of 12 mg PZC continuously. In this one I have been able to recognize that PZC has a little side-effect and there is no great danger to life in its administration, as contented by many investigators. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NambaHidehiro en-aut-sei=Namba en-aut-mei=Hidehiro kn-aut-name=難波英弘 kn-aut-sei=難波 kn-aut-mei=英弘 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=国立岩国病院精神科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=71 cd-vols= no-issue=11-1 article-no= start-page=7527 end-page=7530 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=19591020 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=A case Report on Continual Partial Epilepsy (Koshewnikow) kn-title=Epilepsia partialis continua (Koshewnikow) の一例 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A 47-years old farmer, male: Afflicted with paratyphus C, at the age of 29 years, and followed by tertian malaria, attack occurring at the interval of three days. Thereafter he had continual and intermittent tic-like or tonic cramps. This cramps grow more frequent with lapse of time, and finally the cramps occured uninterruptedly during his waking hours. This does not change by emotional changes, what he wants to do or by his will, but it is absent during his sleeping hours. Concomitant with such clinical symptoms, multiple foci from the right hemisphere can always be observed in the electroencephalogram, and sometimes multiple foci from the left hemisphere can also be seen. In the physocephalic picture a slight atrophic picture can be recognized in a portion of the cerebrum, especially in the right hemisphere. Then in March when he was about 47 years old, he had occasional expiratory dyspnea, and thereafter there occurred transiently such symptoms as loss of memory, fatigue, and restlessness what might be construed as “epilepsy-replacement” phenomena. However, up today there occurred no great or small fit or loss of consciousness. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NambaHidehiro en-aut-sei=Namba en-aut-mei=Hidehiro kn-aut-name=難波英弘 kn-aut-sei=難波 kn-aut-mei=英弘 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=国立岩国病院精神科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=61 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=319 end-page=327 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2007 dt-pub=200712 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Differential Effects of Psychological and Physical Stress on the Sleep Pattern in Rats en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

In the present study, we investigated the acute effects of 2 different kinds of stress, namely physical stress (foot shock) and psychological stress (non-foot shock) induced by the communication box method, on the sleep patterns of rats. The sleep patterns were recorded for 6 h immediately after 1 h of stress. Physical and psychological stress had almost opposite effects on the sleep patterns: In the physical stress group, hourly total rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and total non-REM sleep were significantly inhibited, whereas psychological stress enhanced hourly total REM sleep but not total non-REM sleep. Further results showed that total REM sleep, total non-REM sleep, total sleep and the total number of REM sleep episodes in 5 h were reduced, and that sleep latency was prolonged compared to the control group. On the other hand, in the psychological stress group, the total REM sleep in 5 h was increased significantly due to the prolongation of the average duration of REM sleep episodes and reduced REM sleep latency. In addition, the plasma of corticosterone increased significantly after physical stress but not after psychological stress. These results suggested that the sleep patterns, particularly the patterns of REM sleep following physical and psychological stress, are probably regulated by 2 different pathways.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=CuiRanji en-aut-sei=Cui en-aut-mei=Ranji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=LiBingjin en-aut-sei=Li en-aut-mei=Bingjin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuemaruKatsuya en-aut-sei=Suemaru en-aut-mei=Katsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ArakiHiroaki en-aut-sei=Araki en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Ehime University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Ehime University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Ehime University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Ehime University en-keyword=psychological stress kn-keyword=psychological stress en-keyword=physical stress kn-keyword=physical stress en-keyword=REM sleep kn-keyword=REM sleep en-keyword=EEG kn-keyword=EEG END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=64 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=137 end-page=142 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2010 dt-pub=201004 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Is There Any Association between TV Viewing and Obesity in Preschool Children in Japan? en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

Obesity in children is a serious public health problem, and TV viewing is considered a potential risk factor. Since, however, no relevant association studies have been conducted in Japan, we evaluated the association between TV viewing and obesity using a population-based study conducted in a Japanese town. All 616 preschool children in the town were enrolled in February 2008, and a self-administered questionnaire to collect children's and parents' characteristics was sent to the parents. We dichotomized the time spent TV viewing and evaluated associations by logistic regression using a "less than 2h" category as a reference. The questionnaire was collected from 476 participants (77.3%), of whom 449 were available for the final analyses. Among them, 26.9% of preschool children reported 2 or more hours of TV viewing per day and 8.2% were defined as obese. In logistic regression analyses, there was no positive association in unadjusted (odds ratio [OR]1.11, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]:0.50-2.49) or adjusted models for exclusively breastfed status, sleep duration, or maternal factors (OR1.11, 95% CI:0.50-2.51). We also found no positive association between TV viewing and overweight status, possibly owing to the influence of social environment, low statistical power, or misclassification.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SasakiAyako en-aut-sei=Sasaki en-aut-mei=Ayako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YorifujiTakashi en-aut-sei=Yorifuji en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwaseToshihide en-aut-sei=Iwase en-aut-mei=Toshihide kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KomatsuHirokazu en-aut-sei=Komatsu en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakaoSoshi en-aut-sei=Takao en-aut-mei=Soshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=DoiHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Doi en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Community Care, Saku Central Hospital affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences en-keyword=TV viewing kn-keyword=TV viewing en-keyword=obesity kn-keyword=obesity en-keyword=preschool children kn-keyword=preschool children END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=58 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=45 end-page=49 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2004 dt-pub=200402 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effectiveness of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug for nocturia on patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a prospective non-randomized study of loxoprofen sodium 60 mg once daily before sleeping. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

We explored the effectiveness of loxoprofen sodium (loxoprofen), which is the most common non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) in Japan, for patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) complaining of nocturia. A total of 93 BPH patients aged 49-84 years were enrolled in the study. These patients had received standard drug therapy with alpha1-blocker for BPH, followed by anticholinergic drugs, hypnotics, tricyclic antidepressants, and/or antiduretic hormone, but they still complained about 2 or more episodes of nocturia. They each took a single 60-mg tablet of loxoprofen prior to sleeping at night for 14 days in addition to their BPH treatments. The effects were assessed by questionnaire before and after treatment as excellent (nocturia disappeared or decreased by 2 or more voids/night), improved (nocturia decreased by 1 void/night), unchanged, or worsened (nocturia increased). Nocturia improved or disappeared in 74.2% of patients: excellent, improved, unchanged, and worsened results were obtained in 37.6%, 36.6%, 21.5%, and 4.3% of patients, respectively. The effects were better in patients whose baseline nocturia was > 2 times than in those with a lesser frequency at enrollment (P = 0.04). Loxoprofen can be an effective and useful treatment option for patients with BPH complaining of refractory nocturia.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ArakiTohru en-aut-sei=Araki en-aut-mei=Tohru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YokoyamaTeruhiko en-aut-sei=Yokoyama en-aut-mei=Teruhiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KumonHiromi en-aut-sei=Kumon en-aut-mei=Hiromi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Araki Urological Clinic affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=nocturia kn-keyword=nocturia en-keyword=loxoprofen sodium kn-keyword=loxoprofen sodium en-keyword= non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) kn-keyword= non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=59 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=89 end-page=92 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=200506 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effects of valerian extract on the sleep-wake cycle in sleep-disturbed rats. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

The present study was performed to investigate the effects of valerian extract on the sleep-wake cycle using sleep-disturbed model rats. A significant shortening in sleep latency was observed with valerian extract at doses of 1000 and 3000 mg/kg. On the other hand, valerian extract had no significant effects on total times of wakefulness, non-rapid eye movement (non-REM) sleep, or REM sleep, even at a dose of 3000 mg/kg. Valerian extract at doses of 1000 and 3000 mg/kg showed a significant increase in the delta activity during non-REM sleep. In conclusion, valerian extract may be useful as an herbal medicine having not only sleep-inducing effects but also sleep quality-enhancement effects.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShinomiyaKazuaki en-aut-sei=Shinomiya en-aut-mei=Kazuaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujimuraKatsuyuki en-aut-sei=Fujimura en-aut-mei=Katsuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimYonsu en-aut-sei=Kim en-aut-mei=Yonsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KameiChiaki en-aut-sei=Kamei en-aut-mei=Chiaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Kobayashi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., R&D Company affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Kobayashi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=delta activity kn-keyword=delta activity en-keyword=insomnia kn-keyword=insomnia en-keyword=sleep latency kn-keyword=sleep latency en-keyword=sleep quality kn-keyword=sleep quality en-keyword=sleep-disturbed model kn-keyword=sleep-disturbed model en-keyword=valerian kn-keyword=valerian END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=51 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=173 end-page=178 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1997 dt-pub=199708 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Mental deterioration in childhood epilepsy en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

Mental retardation is detected in 20-30% of children with epilepsy at hospitals specializing in treatment of childhood epilepsy. However, the incidence of mental deterioration in childhood epilepsy is not high. In this study, mental deterioration was found in 52 (1.8%) of the 2,880 children with epilepsy at Okayama University Hospital. The patients showing mental deterioration mostly suffered from specific epileptic syndromes, such as West syndrome, Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy and epilepsy with continuous spike-waves during slow wave sleep. These types of epilepsy show generalized electroencephalographic (EEG) abnormalities. It is presumed that mental deterioration is caused by the total effects of prolonged diffuse EEG abnormalities and the age of the patients. Antiepileptic drugs exert a relatively minor effect on mental deterioration.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkaEiji en-aut-sei=Oka en-aut-mei=Eiji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SanadaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Sanada en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsanoTakashi en-aut-sei=Asano en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshidaTakashi en-aut-sei=Ishida en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=National Hospital of Fukuyama en-keyword=mental deterioration kn-keyword=mental deterioration en-keyword=mental retardation kn-keyword=mental retardation en-keyword=epilepsy kn-keyword=epilepsy en-keyword=EFG kn-keyword=EFG en-keyword=children kn-keyword=children END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=60 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=191 end-page=195 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2006 dt-pub=200606 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Continuous positive airway pressure ameliorated severe pulmonary hypertension associated with obstructive sleep apnea. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

A 52-year-old obese woman was admitted to our institution for evaluation of dyspnea and pulmonary hypertension (PH). Polysomnography revealed severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) with an apnea hypopnea index of 99.8. Treatment with nocturnal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) resulted in correction of daytime hypoxemia, hypercapnia, and near-normalization of pulmonary artery pressure. To our knowledge, this is the most severe case of OSA-associated PH (approximately70 mmHg) reported to date, and it was successfully treated with nocturnal CPAP. This case demonstrates that OSA should be considered and polysomnography performed in all patients with PH, irrespective of severity, and that nocturnal CPAP has therapeutic effects on both OSA and daytime PH.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OgawaAiko en-aut-sei=Ogawa en-aut-mei=Aiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=EmoriTetsuro en-aut-sei=Emori en-aut-mei=Tetsuro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SumitaWakako en-aut-sei=Sumita en-aut-mei=Wakako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeAtsuyuki en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Atsuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujioHideki en-aut-sei=Fujio en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyajiKatsumasa en-aut-sei=Miyaji en-aut-mei=Katsumasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=OheTohru en-aut-sei=Ohe en-aut-mei=Tohru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=continuous positive airway pressure kn-keyword=continuous positive airway pressure en-keyword=polysomnography kn-keyword=polysomnography en-keyword=secondary pulmonary hypertension kn-keyword=secondary pulmonary hypertension en-keyword=sleep apnea syndrome kn-keyword=sleep apnea syndrome END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=36 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=237 end-page=240 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1982 dt-pub=198206 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Spindle-like activity appearing during paradoxical sleep in rats with iron-induced cortical focus. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

Under barbiturate anesthesia, male Wistar rats weighing 250-300 g were injected with 2.5 microliters of 0.2 M FeCl3 solution into the left sensori-motor cortex to induce an epileptic focus with minimal abnormal activities. Polygraphy started 1 week after the surgery, showed a spindle-like hypersynchronous activity that appeared not only in the slow wave sleep period but also during paradoxical sleep (PS). This activity had a frequency of 8-14 Hz. The amplitude was more than 200 mu v in the right (non-injected side) cortex but very small in the left cortex (injected side). Isolated spike discharges were observed in an ECoG of slow wave sleep. Apart from this activity there was nothing resembling the usual sleep spindles.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UezuEiko en-aut-sei=Uezu en-aut-mei=Eiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HoriYasuo en-aut-sei=Hori en-aut-mei=Yasuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=iron-induced focus kn-keyword=iron-induced focus en-keyword=paradoxical sleep kn-keyword=paradoxical sleep en-keyword=spindle-like activity kn-keyword=spindle-like activity END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=53 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=9 end-page=11 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1983 dt-pub=19830325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Hypnotic effect of the peloid therapy applied on the right hypochondrium in reference to plasma L-tryptophan kn-title=右季肋部鉱泥湿布療法の催眠効果―血漿L-トリプトファンとの関連― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Based on the EEG-observation of falling asleep when patients are under peloid therapy applied on the right hypochondrium, following assumption is made to clarify the mechanism of inducing sleep. While patients are under the peloid therapy, some chemical substance will be produced in circulating blood; L-tryptophan, an essential amino acid and a precursor of serotonin, gets over a blood-brain barrier easily to induce sleep. Six healthy volunteers, each sex by threes, were selected to apply peloid pack on the right hypochondrium for 30 minutes following 12-hour fasting. Significant increase in plasma L-tryptophan level was obtained in the clinical experiment. It is speculated from the preliminary data that L-tryptophan increased by the peloid therapy may possibly act as a specific physiological hypnotics. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MorinagaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Morinaga en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=森永寛 kn-aut-sei=森永 kn-aut-mei=寛 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KomotoJunko en-aut-sei=Komoto en-aut-mei=Junko kn-aut-name=古元順子 kn-aut-sei=古元 kn-aut-mei=順子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KomotoYoshiaki en-aut-sei=Komoto en-aut-mei=Yoshiaki kn-aut-name=古元嘉昭 kn-aut-sei=古元 kn-aut-mei=嘉昭 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部附属病院三朝分院内科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部附属病院三朝分院内科 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部附属病院三朝分院リ-ビリテーション部 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=56 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=9 end-page=11 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1985 dt-pub=19850330 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=An application of the artificial CO(2) bath for enuresis kn-title=夜尿症に対する人工炭酸泉浴の試み en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The artificial CO(2) bath was prescribed for two enuretic boys with bladder-sensitive or parasympaticotonic type. A tablet of 50 g, made from sodium bicarbonate and succinic acid, was put in a bath-tub of 150-200 L at 40℃. Each patient was recommended to take a bath with his mother longer than ten minutes, and to mark the presence or the absence of enuresis every day. Outcome results of case 1 on CO(2) bath is shown in tabel 1 and results of case 2 on CO(2) bath is shown in table 3. Both two cases became free from enuresis 7-10 days after the initiation of the artificial CO(2) bathing. Etiological mechanisms of enuresis seem to be multi-factorious, with underlining networks of central- and autonomous nerve systems for the control of sleep and bladder. It is suspected that some improvement of peripheral circulation by CO(2)-bathing leading to keep the body warm may be one of the contributing factors which prolong the intervals of urination, resulting in autonomous normalization, at least, for the cases of bladder-sensitive enuresis, Further case studies are needed to support this assumption. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KomotoJunko en-aut-sei=Komoto en-aut-mei=Junko kn-aut-name=古元順子 kn-aut-sei=古元 kn-aut-mei=順子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KomotoYoshiaki en-aut-sei=Komoto en-aut-mei=Yoshiaki kn-aut-name=古元嘉昭 kn-aut-sei=古元 kn-aut-mei=嘉昭 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部附属三朝分院リハビリテーション部 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部附属三朝分院リハビリテーション部 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=71 cd-vols= no-issue=3-2 article-no= start-page=1293 end-page=1300 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=19590315 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Effect of Oxygen Inhalation Part 1. Observation on the Blood in the Oxygen Inhalation kn-title=酸素吸入に関する実験的研究 第1編 高濃度酸素吸入に依る血液有形成分の変化に就て en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The changes in the general condtions and blood have been observed in the rats receiving oxygen iehalation for 12 hours a day. In the first stage when the animals are laced in an oxygen chamber, they become less active and sooner or later they fall into a sleeping state with a reduced respiation frequency without taking food. After about 20 days' training even in the oxygen atmosphere they show a little movement with some activity and a little increase in appetite. After about 30 days in the oxygen chamber they begin to act almost as if they were outside the chamber with a slight loss in body weight. Hemoglobin content of blood decreases day by day during the first 20 days, reaching a new equilibrium, 20-30 per cent of the original value, which is kept up for the following 40 days without any change. Red cell number continues to fall reaching the minimum value after about 20 to 30 days, 90 per cent of the original number, and increase gradually reaching the original level about 2 months after the initiation. The reticulocyte number increases day by day reaching the maximum of 52.3 per cent after 10 days and keeps this level till the end of the experiment, i. e for two months. Leukocyte number is kept in a normal range throughout the experimental days. From the above experimental data the author concludes that the decrease in hemoglobin content seems to be due to the toxic action of oxygen itself but far from the adaptation syndrome, as only 2 per cent or less decrease in hemoglobin can be expected from the theoretical calculation in the oxygenation rat of hemoglobin. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NambaYukikazu en-aut-sei=Namba en-aut-mei=Yukikazu kn-aut-name=難波幸一 kn-aut-sei=難波 kn-aut-mei=幸一 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部病理学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=73 cd-vols= no-issue=10-12 article-no= start-page=811 end-page=820 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1961 dt-pub=19611230 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Electrophysiological Studies on Stereotaxic Surgery of Extrapyramidal Disorders Part 3. Some Problems of the Parkinsonian Tremor kn-title=不随意運動症に対する定位脳手術に関する電気生理学的研究 第3編 ParkinsonismのTremorに関する生理学的研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1) Electrical stimulation being applied on peripheral nerves of four extremities, tremor inducing test was carried out on parkinsonian patients. 2) Tremor can not be abolished by peripheral γ-block and can be induced in that state. 3) Tremor can be abolished by total peripheral nerve block and can not be induced in that state. 4) In general anaesthesia, tremor can neither be observed nor induced as in case of sleep. 5) Tremor does not have anything to do directly with γ-system. Tremor and rigidity are independent each other so far as their functional mechanisms are concerned. 6) The mechanism of tremor is based on spinal anterior horn cells activated by upper center. 7) Intermediate small discharge between grouping voltages of a muscle in tremor is simply a conducted field potential from the antagonist. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AdachiIwao en-aut-sei=Adachi en-aut-mei=Iwao kn-aut-name=芦立巌 kn-aut-sei=芦立 kn-aut-mei=巌 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第1外科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=70 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=1337 end-page=1340 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=19580430 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Nitrogen Metabolism of the Brain Part 9 Influences of Stimulants and Depressants on Ammonia and Amino Acids in the Rat Brain kn-title=脳の窒素代謝 第9編 興奮剤及び鎮静剤の大黒鼠脳髄アンモニア並びにアミノ酸に及ぼす影響について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In the determinations of the content of free ammonia in the rat brain by Conway's micro-diffusion method, and that of free amino acid by paper chromatography, the author obtained the following results. 1) During the marked excitement caused by 20% caffeina et sodii benzoas injections (0.5cc per dose), the content of ammonia increased while those of glutamic acid and glutamine decreased. 2) During the deep sleep caused by amobarbital injections (50mg/kg), the content of ammonia decreased, whereas those of glutamine and aspartic acid increased. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FujitaShoji en-aut-sei=Fujita en-aut-mei=Shoji kn-aut-name=藤田昭次 kn-aut-sei=藤田 kn-aut-mei=昭次 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部神経精神医学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=72 cd-vols= no-issue=11-12 article-no= start-page=1939 end-page=1947 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1960 dt-pub=19601231 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Gerontological Studies, Especially on Epidemiology of Hypertension 4. The Effects of Habits and Surroundings on Blood Pressure kn-title=成人病特に高血圧症の疫学的研究 第4篇 習慣及び環境と血圧との関係について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=By investigating the effect of habits and surroundings on the blood pressure (of hypertensives) in Okayama Prefecture, the following results were obtained: 1. There was a close relation between drinking of alcoholic beverage and blood pressure but this concerned with men who acquired the habit of drinking by the force of surroundings. Strong tea and coffee, too, had something to do with blood pressure but in this case the surroundings were out of question. 2. Blood pressure was apt to rise with men who took meals hastily but it bad nothing to do with women. 3. Those who were fond of excessively salty or fatty food often suffered from hypertension. 4. Those who were particular about their food were found in the greatest number among the group of extreme hypertension. 5. Hypertension was rarely found among those with constant poor appetite. 6. Hypertension seldom attacked those who had the following complaints: To fall ill occasionally, to be always out of order, to have severe mental fatigue, to feel fatigue every morning, etc. But hereditary weak constitution had nothing to do with hypertension. 7. The blood pressure rose when the time for sleeting was less than 4 hours. It also rose with those who were easily awakened from their sleep or could not enjoy a sound sleep. But it was difficult to find any immediate relations between the failure to sleep readily or to have regular hours for sleep and the blood pressure. 8. Many heavy smokers were found among hypertensives which shows that smoking is the cause of high blood pressure. 9. The blood pressure rose of women whose household operates less than 50 area of farms while in the household with over one hectares, men's pressure rose. This is because in the former case, the stress of labor falls on women while in the latter, men bear the burden. 10. The rate of grey hair and baldness was high with the group of hypertension irrespective of sex. The same was the case with the declining of memory. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=DateHiroko en-aut-sei=Date en-aut-mei=Hiroko kn-aut-name=伊達寛子 kn-aut-sei=伊達 kn-aut-mei=寛子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=72 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=943 end-page=949 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1960 dt-pub=19600228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=A CLINICAL STUDY OF THE INTRAVENOUS THIAMYLAL SODIUM ANESTHESTA FROM THE STANDPOINT OF THE BLOOD AND INTERSTITIAL FLUID PART II THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE ANESTHESIA DURATION AFTER ADMINISTRATION OF THIAMYLAL SODIUM AND BLOOD AND INTERSTITAL FLUID kn-title=体内水分電解質分布とThiamylal Sodium静脈麻酔との関係に関する臨床的研究 第2編 体内水分電解質のThiamylal Sodium静脈麻酔における麻酔時間に及ぼす影響について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Twenty-one patients were anesthetized by intravenous injection of thiamylal sodium and the relationships between the duration of anesthesia and the blood and interstitial fluid were studied. 1) A parallel correlation was seen between the anesthesia duration and the water content of plasma. 2) A reverse correlation was found between the sleeping time of anesthesia and quantity of the total plasma protein. 3) No interrelatiohships were found between the duration of anesthesia and hematerit, water content of blood, serum natrium, serum chloride, serum pottasium and plasma volume. 4) A reverse correlation was seen between the sleeping time of anesthesia and the interstitial fluid volume. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsudaSumizo en-aut-sei=Matsuda en-aut-mei=Sumizo kn-aut-name=松田住蔵 kn-aut-sei=松田 kn-aut-mei=住蔵 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第1（陣内）外科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=72 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=269 end-page=278 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=19591230 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on Heinz's Body Part 2 Heinz's Bodies in the Circulating Blood in Man kn-title=Heinz小体に関する研究 第2編 人の末梢流血中におけるHeinz小体について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=On counting the Heinz's Bodies in the circulating blood in healthy and various diseases, with considerations especially for abnormally increased cases, the following results were obtained. 1. A slight increase of Heinz's Bodies in the erythrocytes of healthy individuals was noted by such manipulations as lavation with saline and centrifugal precipitation. 2. Increased Heinz's Bodies were observed in the cases of severe acute hepatitis, subacute yellow liver atrophy and of severe acute nephritis. It was postulated that the increase resulted from toxic effects of the diseases and from depressed splenic functions. 3. Administrations of various sulfonamides cause increased Heinz's Bodies. 4. A marked increase of Heinz's Bodies was noted in the livercirrhosis case with gigantic splenomegalia. This was thought that the increase was due to losing diposition to Heinz's Bodies. 5. Also increased Heinz's Bodies were noted in the cases of acute intoxication of sleeping drugs, Grave's disease, angina pectoris and of myocardial damages. The mechanism of the increased Heinz's Bodies was not clear, but probably due to the drugs administered for their treatments. 6. There were increased Heinz's Bodies in the cases of essential hypochromic anemia, hypoplastic anemia and of thrombocytopenic purpura, probably due to regeneration of immature erythrocytes. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KanaharaMasashi en-aut-sei=Kanahara en-aut-mei=Masashi kn-aut-name=金原正士 kn-aut-sei=金原 kn-aut-mei=正士 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=74 cd-vols= no-issue=4-7 article-no= start-page=439 end-page=461 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1962 dt-pub=19620730 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Experimental Studies on Insulin-Hypoglycemia ......With a Special Reference to Electrophysiological Changes of Central Nervous System...... kn-title=インシュリン低血糖状態に関する実験的研究―主として中枢神経系の電気生理学的変化について― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=With the use of unrestrained and unanesthetized cats implanted with electrodes the author observed normal EEG as well as that of the cats under insulin-hypoglycemia. In addition, observations were carried on the influences of some drugs and electrical stimulation on hypoglycemic EEG. The results are as follows. 1. The low voltage fast waves observable in awaking state change to characteristic sleep spindle of abort 12 c/s as the cat falls into sleeping state, and in deeper sleeping state high voltage slow waves appear in the cortex and various nuclei of subcortex. 2. Hypoglycemic state was classified into lethargic, preconvulsive, convulsive and comatose stages on the basis of characteristic behavior, blood-sugar level and EEG. In the lethargic stage, normal EEG from awaking to deep sleeping state appeared in all leads. In the preconvulsive stage, disturbances of sympathetic nervous system and large slow wave burst were characteristic. In the convulsive stage, spikes and sharp waves were predominant, and furthermore, myoclonic jerk in all muscles and occasionally general convulsion broke out suddenly. In the comatose stage, cats were completely relaxed and 1 cycle/sec or less large slow waves appeared on EEG. In this instance when hypoglycemia was in progress, voltage diminished lower and lower. 3. Arousal effect of excitatory agents and amino acids on insulinhypoglycemia in comparison with that of glucose a) General convulsion Only when general convulsion was induced by electrical stimulation, metrazol and megimide, there could be observed hyperglycemia, awaking patterns on EEG and behavioral wakefulness. In comparison with glucose, however, arousal effect was transient and uncertain. b) Amino acids Sodium glutamate next to glucose had hyperglycemic and arousal action on hypoglycemic cats, but its action was not so fast and long as glucose. The greater the dosage of sodium glutamate administered, the more certain was the effect. Fast administration of large dose, however, is dangerous because it is apt to induce general convulsion. GABA (gamma-amino butyric acid) showed transient hyperglycemic action and arousal patterns on EEG, but no essential change took place in behavior. Although GABOB (gamma-amino beta-hydroxybutyric acid) was administered in the convulsive stage, no definite action was seen. 4. Administration of inhibitory agents to insulin-hypoglycemia a) Nembutal Nembutal administered intravenously in the convulsive stage caused spikes and sharp waves on EEG to disappear and then elicited spindle burst. While myoclonic seizures and convulsions were being suppressed, hypoglycemia continued to progress. In the comatose stage Nembutal was non-effective. b) Chlorpromazine (Cp) Although not so effective as Nembutal, an optimal dose of Cp allows hypoglycemia to proceed gradually. Precaution is necessary with this drug because, when a large dose of Cp is injected rapidly into vein in the convulsive state, it is apt to induce convulsion and then the animal cannot be aroused even by administration of glucose. kn-abstract=植え込み電極を施しに慢性猫を用いて,正常脳波,インシュリン低血糖状態およびそれに対する中枢神経刺戟, 2, 3のアミノ酸と中枢神経抑制物質の影響を観察した.その結果は次の如くである. 1) 覚醒時に認められる低振巾速波は,猫が眠りに傾くと特徴的な12c/s前後のsleep spindleに変り,更に深睡眠では皮質および皮質下諸核に高電位徐波が出現する. 2) インシュリン低血糖状態は一般状態,血糖値,脳波を基準として,嗜眠期,痙攣前期,痙攣期,昏睡期とに分け得た.嗜眠期には正常猫で認められた深睡眠に至るまでのあらゆる脳波が認められた.痙攣前期は自律神経系の嵐と大徐波のburstを特徴とし,痙攣期は棘・鋭波を盛んに認め,ミオクロヌス攣縮・全身痙攣が起る.昏睡期にはあらゆる刺戟に応ぜず,脳波では1c/s以下の大徐波を認め,更に低血糖状態を続けると電位を減ずる. 3) インシュリン昏睡に対する中枢神経賦活剤およびアミノ酸の覚醒効果を葡萄糖を基準として検討すると, i) 中枢神経刺戟 電気刺戟,メトラゾール,メジマイドを用いたが,全身てんかん様痙攣発作を起した時のみ血糖上昇と脳波および一般状態の覚醒を認めた.葡萄糖に較べその効果は一過性不確実であつた. ii) アミノ酸 グルタミン酸ソーダは葡萄糖に次いで血糖上昇作用と覚醒作用を持ち,脳波を完全に覚醒パターンに置換しうるが,糖ほど迅速,且持続時間が長くない.この効果はグルタミン酸の投与が多いほど確実であるが,あまり大量を急速に投与すると危険である(全身痙攣を誘発). GABAにも一過性の血糖上昇作用と脳波上の覚醒効果を認めたが,一般状態には変化がない. GABOBを痙攣期に用いたが,確かな抑制作用は認められなかつた. 4) 更にインシュリン低血糖状態に神経抑制物質を加重して検討すると, i) Nembutal 痙攣期にNembutalを静注すると,脳波上の棘波・鋭波を消失せしめ,特有な紡錘形の高振巾速波群を生ぜしめ,攣縮及び痙攣を完全に抑制したまま低血糖を進行させる. 深昏睡期にはNembutalの影響はない. ii) Chlorpromazine 痙攣前期以後に適当量のCpを適用すると, Nembutalほどではないが,低血糖を静かに進行せしめる.大量のCpを急激に痙攣期の猫に静注すると,痙攣を誘発し易く,その後に糖水を補給しても覚醒しにくい事があるので注意を要する. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShohmoriToshikiyo en-aut-sei=Shohmori en-aut-mei=Toshikiyo kn-aut-name=庄盛敏廉 kn-aut-sei=庄盛 kn-aut-mei=敏廉 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部神経科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=77 cd-vols= no-issue=5-6 article-no= start-page=773 end-page=794 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1965 dt-pub=19650630 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=A Case of Camplete Retrograde Amnesia kn-title=軽度の一酸化炭素中毒の既往歴を有し，脳器質性異常を基盤にして発生した全生活史健忘の興味ある一症例について―とくに意識障害との関連を中心とした全生活史健忘の文献的考察― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=A high school sophomore was brought to out-patient clinic shortly after she was found vagrant in a far-off city. She was admitted to our university hospital for complete psychiatric and neurological examinations. Her hospital course are briefed as follows. 1. The peychiatric exam disclosed the evidence that she had been anxiety stricken due to some mental conflicts for a long period of time. 2. A day prior to the onset of her amnestic episode she accidentally incurred carbon monoxide poisoning. 3. It was revealed later on a hospital day that when she happened to have been caught by a strange character on her way home in the evening she collapsed losing consciousness due to terror. 4. On a later day after the admission she spontaneously fell into a trance-like state and then began relating her lost memory retrogressively up to the point of the gas poising. When awoke, she was incidentally cured of the amnesia. 5. From then on she succumbed to serial headache attacks and fits resembling epleptic automatism, probably due to the fact that she became devoid of an important defense mechanism of "amnesia". However, these symptoms gradually simmmered down responding psychotherapeutic measures. The pathological findings on certain tests and examinations are described below. 1. Pneumoencephalogram revealed impressio digitatae, and some symmetrical enlargement of lateral and third ventricles. Spinal puncture showed pressure of 200mm H(2)O in the lateral recumbent position. 2. Electroencepharogram at rest showed the irregular basic activity consisting of 3-Sc/s slow wave bursts and sporadic sharp or spiky waves, which are dominant symmetrically in temporal, parietal and occipital regions, No activated patterns or evoked seizures were elicited by means of various sleep provacations. Neverthless, her emotional tension built up abnormal E. E. G. patterns; 6c/s positive spike waves were evoked intermittently. 3. Rorschach test indicated high score of anxiety, neurotic signs, signs of an epileptoid and severe loss of reality testing. The repeated Rorshach showed increased signs of epileptoid after the recovery of her amnesia. The clinical courses above stated and the survey of correlating literatures suggest tbat CO-poisoning worked just as a trigger to produse the amnesia on this case. Aside from the questions whether the fainting spell at the time of the assault was "epilepsy" itself or it merely triggered her off to an epileptic attack as a precipitating factor, it is surmised that the pathological neurological findings have an important relevance to her whole clinical course and prognosis. Organicity of the brain and resultant clouding of consciousness can ferment a dissociative reaction of complete retrograde amnesia. kn-abstract=16才女子高校生にみられた約2ヵ月間にわたる全生活史健忘例の発端および経過として,1.長期間に準備された不安・葛藤状態があり 2.健忘発端の一日前に偶発的な一酸化炭素中毒に罹患し 3.ついで驚愕体験にひき続く意識障碍より覚醒した時に全生活史健忘が始まり, 4.自発性催眠様状態で過去の生活を継時的に追体験し遂に一酸化炭素に罹る直前の状態で覚醒し健忘の回復をみたが, 5.健忘回復後もなお情緒の動揺に関連し,癲癇自動症を疑わせる発作および頭痛が頻発し,これらは精神療法により情緒の安定が得られるまで持続した.検査所見としては1.一酸化炭素中毒以前より存在したと思われる脳室拡大,頭蓋骨指圧痕,髄液圧亢進が認められ, 2.発端となつた意識障碍とも或程度の関係が推定され,その後の自動症と発作の相関は確実と思われる脳波異常として,後頭側頭部優位の同期性,間歇性のirregular slow wave burstおよび散発性のsharp waveないしはspiky waveが全径過を通じ安静時記録で認められたが睡眠誘発で賦活されず,情緒動揺の著明な時期に一致して上記所見が増強し,とくに右側々頭部で6c/s positive spikeが繰り返し出現するのが確められ, 3.ロールシャッハテストでも不安・神経症徴候および重篤な現実との接触喪失徴候とならんで,癲癇徴候がことに健忘回復後に増強するのが認められた.以上の経過,所見により,本例において健忘の発端となつた意識障碍に対する一酸化炭素および癲癇(とくに情動により誘発される癲癇)の関与如何につき,文献的に比較検討,綜合的に考察し,一酸化炭素の関与は完全には否定し難いが比較的に少く,ごく軽度の意識水準低下として発生準備状態の一要素を形成はていたと推定されるにとどまり,一方癲癇の関与は,発端の意識障宮が情動により誘発された癲癇それ自身であつたか,原始反応としての意識障害を惹起する準備状態の器質的主要因であつたかは別として,相当大きな比重をもつものと推定されることを述べ,併せて全生活史健忘というヒステリー反応が器質的意識障害の機構を利用しても起り得ることを推論した. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KomotoJunko en-aut-sei=Komoto en-aut-mei=Junko kn-aut-name=古元順子 kn-aut-sei=古元 kn-aut-mei=順子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部神経精神医学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=88 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=59 end-page=65 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1976 dt-pub=19760228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Report Ⅰ: A survey on polypropylene fancy-mat workers (in summer) kn-title=ポリプロピレン花莚織従業者についての2, 3の調査 第1報 （夏期における調査） en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Since about 1967, a polypropylene pipe that is 1.0mm in diameter has been used for weaving fancy mat in place of a rush. And the fancy-mat workers take extremely long working hours to weave it for the pursuit of profits. So, to clarify the relationship between the conditions of working and of their health, a survey was made on 118 workers (of whom, 52 males and 66 females) in 49 households in Seno-cho, Okayama Prefecture, in 1970. The results obtained were as follows: 1) As for the environment in the workshop, a noise level of weaving machines reached 80 phone. This value appeared to show the influence on the physical function of workers. 2) Admitted was want of sleeping hours among most of the workers because of irregular working hours, that is, over ten-hour labor a day (this contained 32.4% of the workers) and a working system of day-and-night shift. 3) Most of subjective fatigue complaints were the cases of chronic fatigue. The values of Donaggio's test of urine were high in 32.7% of the workers. 4) It was found mostly in the subjects of night-working type that values of Flicker descrimination varied more than 10% upward and found in the sujects of early-morning-working type that varied more than 10% downward. 5) As for the conditions of nutrition intake, it appeared that the side food was preferred to the staple food. This tendency is similar to an urban-type, though Seno-cho is located in a rural district. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkamotoTadashi en-aut-sei=Okamoto en-aut-mei=Tadashi kn-aut-name=岡本正 kn-aut-sei=岡本 kn-aut-mei=正 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=川崎医科大学公衆衛生学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=90 cd-vols= no-issue=9-10 article-no= start-page=1129 end-page=1138 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1978 dt-pub=19781030 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on pathophysiology and treatment in patients with active acromegaly Part Ⅱ. Studies on pharmacological treatment for active acromegalic patients kn-title=末端肥大症の病態並びに治療に関する研究 第二編 内科的治療に関する研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Four patients with active acromegaly were treated for 18 to 180 days with 2-Br-α-ergocryptine(CB-154), and the following results were obtained. 1). Two patients showed an improvement in glucose tolerance with short term treatment with CB-154, and other patients showed a change in their voice and a reduction in soft tissue thicking with long term treatment. 2). The effect of CB-154 on LH-RH induced hGH release was studied in 2 patients with active acromegaly. In a patient whose hGH levels were suppressed by administration of CB-154 (CB-154 responder), CB-154 completely blocked LH-RH induced hGH release, whereas in a CB-154 non-responder CB-154 did not block LH-RH induced hGH release. 3). Under CB-154 administration plasma hGH concentration fell remarkably during awake, but plasma hGH level during sleep was not suppressed in patients with active acromegaly. These results suggest that CB-154 is a potent drug for the treatment of acromegaly and act on both superior centers, the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HanafusaManabu en-aut-sei=Hanafusa en-aut-mei=Manabu kn-aut-name=花房学 kn-aut-sei=花房 kn-aut-mei=学 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第三内科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=89 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=195 end-page=217 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1977 dt-pub=19770228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Study on subjective symptoms of fatigue of senior high school students Report 2 of study on physical load of senior high school students kn-title=高校生の疲労自覚症状について(高校生の生体負担度の研究 第二報) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A survey was conducted on subjective symptoms of fatigue in senior high school students (including first grade of post-graduate course) before going to bed one day before, before lectures,after lectures and going to bed, on the classification by sex, grade and term, and inrelation to four factors of life time which are club activity, attending to school, study at home and sleep. The following results were obtained. 1) “Give a yamn" and “Become drowsy" showed higher frequency of complains before lectures, after lectures and before going to bed among 30 items of subjective symptoms of fatigue. 2) The frequency of complains in boys was higher than that in girls, where there were 31 cases in 33 cases of showing the significant difference between boys and girls among surveyed 99 cases on the classification by grade, time of survey and common component of symptoms. 3) The frequency of complains of the third grade-boy students was higher than those of other grade-boy students, where there were 7 cases in 8 cases of the significant difference among surveyed 72 cases on the classification by grade, time of survey and common component of symptoms. But,the frequency of complains of the third grade-girl students showed only a few cases of the significant difference in comparison with other grade-girl students. 4) Both of the frequency of complains belonging to symptoms of drowsiness and dullness of the second and third grade-girl students and that of difficulty in concentration of all grade-girl students were higher than that of the first grade-girl students of post-graduate course after lectures and before going to bed, where there were 10 cases of the significant difference among surveyed 24 cases in the former and 15 cases of the significant difference among surveyed 24 cases in the latter on the classification by grade, term, time of survey and common component of fatigue. 5) The coefficient of correlation between frequency of complains and four factors of life time were 0.45 at most, where club activity time showed 6 cases, sleeping time showed 7 cases and studying time showed 13 cases in 29 cases of showing p = 0 (p : coefficient of corre1ation of population) under 0.05 of risk rate among surveyed 726 cases on the classification by sex, grade, term, time of survey and common component of symptoms. 6) The multiple coefficient of correlation between four factors of life time and frequency of complains used by the multiple regression equation were tend to be higher than the each coefficient of correlation between them. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SuganamiShigeru en-aut-sei=Suganami en-aut-mei=Shigeru kn-aut-name=菅波茂 kn-aut-sei=菅波 kn-aut-mei=茂 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部公衆衛生学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=89 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=93 end-page=107 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1977 dt-pub=19770228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Activation of electroencephalogram by γ-hydroxybutyrate a short chain fatty acid. kn-title=低級脂酸Gamma Hydroxybutyrate(GHB)による臨床脳波賦活法 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=γ-Hydroxybutyrate (GHB) was examined for an application as an activating agent of clinical electroencephalogram (EEG). As the control group, 100 normal healthy subjects were administrated GHB by intravenous injection (20-25 mg/kg of body weight, rapidly infused, 1,000 mg/min approx.). Eighty five out of 100 subjects went to sleep within 6-18 minutes, 36 subjects showed natural sleep like pattern, 25 subjects showed a 'prehypnagogic theta bursts' and 24 subjects presented 'prehynagogic theta' at the stage of suppressed alpha waves. The patients with organic brain disorder (tumor, CVA or others) who did not show any difinitely abnormal waves under routine EEG examination were surveyed by GHB activation as the same manner as the control group. Fourteen out of 79 patients (17.8%) who were normal by routine EEG showed marked abnormality (focal or hemispheral slow activity), 22 patients (27.8%) who showed equivocal or borderline abnormality in routine EEG revealed remarkable abnormality and 21 patients (26.6%) who were minimal EEG abnormality showed exaggerated abnormality. As regards the correlation between the localization of brain lesions and activating effects, the hemisphere lesion showed the most activity, while deep or intratentorial lesion showed less activity. The patients with epileptic attacks were examined as the same way. Twenty one out of 108 patients (19.4%) who did not show epileptic abnormal pattern of routine EEG showed various kinds of epileptic descharges and 17 patients (15.7%) who showed a few epileptic abnormality under routine EEG revealedd remarkable epileptic abnormality by GHB activation. The most marked activating effect was induced in case of psychomotor epilepsy. Side effects of GHB administration were mild general lassitude, headache, nausea and some others. These symptoms were, however, disappeared completely within 10 to 20 minutes. No side effect was observed in 64.6 % of the all cases (124 cases out of 187). It was concluded that GHB is an ideal drug for activation of clinical EEG, especially for the diagnosis of brain organic disorders that showed normal or equivocal pattern under routine EEG examination. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HirataJun-ichiro en-aut-sei=Hirata en-aut-mei=Jun-ichiro kn-aut-name=平田潤一郎 kn-aut-sei=平田 kn-aut-mei=潤一郎 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部精神神経科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2009 dt-pub=20090325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=睡眠の質の改善を目的とするインターネットを用いた自助プログラムの有効性評価：日本の労働者における無作為化比較試験 kn-title=Evaluation of an Internet-Based Self-Help Program for Better Quality of Sleep among Japanese Workers: A Randomized Controlled Trial en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SuzukiEtsuji en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Etsuji kn-aut-name=鈴木越治 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=越治 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=97 cd-vols= no-issue=3-4 article-no= start-page=221 end-page=234 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1985 dt-pub=19850430 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Reliability of an ambulatory blood pressure recording device (Pressurometer®II) kn-title=携帯用24時間血圧測定装置(Pressurometer®II)の信頼性に関する臨床的検討 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In order to establish the performance reliability for the clinical use of the Pressurometer II (Del Mar Avionics, USA), I compared the blood pressure readings from the Pressurometer II with readings taken concurrently with a mercury sphygmomanometer in the supine, sitting, right lateral, left lateral and standing positions in 15 normotensive subjects. I also assessed the day to day reproducibility of the diurnal near-basal blood pressure in 9 normotensive subjects. Furthermore, diurnal variations of blood pressure and heart rate in 20 normotensive, hospitalized subjects were recorded in the absence of a physical activity limitation. Good correlations in systolic and diastolic blood pressure between the Pressurometer II and the mercury sphygmomanometer were obtained regardless of the position when taking on and off the Pressurometer II. Good reproducibility was demonstrated for whole-day blood pressure and heart rate measured with the Pressurometer II. Diastolic blood pressure in the right lateral position measured with the Pressurometer II was significantly but slightly higher than with the mercury sphygmomanometer. Second measurements indicated lower blood pressures at 9:00, 21:00 and 22:00 in comparison with the first measurements. A small diurnal variation in blood pressure with a lower level during sleep was observed in the subjects without physical activity limitation. These results indicate that the Pressurometer II is available for repeated evaluation of ambulatory blood pressure for periods of 24 hours. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MorichikaYutaka en-aut-sei=Morichika en-aut-mei=Yutaka kn-aut-name=森近豊 kn-aut-sei=森近 kn-aut-mei=豊 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科学教室 en-keyword=blood pressure monitoring kn-keyword=blood pressure monitoring en-keyword=postural change of blood pressure kn-keyword=postural change of blood pressure en-keyword=hourly variation of blood pressure kn-keyword=hourly variation of blood pressure en-keyword=day-to-day variation of blood pressure kn-keyword=day-to-day variation of blood pressure END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=23 end-page=29 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1997 dt-pub=19970910 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=A study on recording and analysis conditions of polysomnography for automated computer analysis of sleep stages. kn-title=睡眠ポリグラフ自動解析のための記録･解析条件の検討 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=Recording and analysis conditions of polysomnography were examined in 10 young adult female by using sleep analysis computer Medilog SAC 847 system (Oxford). The quantity and percentage of slow wave sleep were consistent with those of visual inspection when the minimum delta amplitude was adjusted at ± 25～31μV from the baseline. The gain amplitude of mandibular electromyogram dramatically affected recognition of REM stage by the computer. Percentage of REM sleep was almost same as that of visual inspection when the gain potentiometer was adjusted to read 50μV peak-to-peak calibration signal as 1.0V, while REM stage was not recognized when　the gain potentiometer was adjusted to 1.5V. In contrast, the gain amplitude of electropthalmogram　did not affect the recognition of REM stage. kn-abstract=自動解析装置を用いて終夜睡眠ポリグラフを解析する際の記録条件と解析条件を検討した。対象は若年成人女性10名で,解析には0xford社製睡眠ポリグラフ記録･解析装置Medilog SAC 847 Systemを用い,第3夜の記録を視察判定と比較した｡徐波睡眠の指標となるδ波の最小振幅基準を初期設定の基線から±31/μVと,これより低い±25/μVに設定すると,徐波睡眠量,徐波睡眠率とも視察による判定とほぼ同じ解析結果が得られた。眼球運動の入力感度はREM睡眠量,REM睡眠率に影響しなかったが,オトガイ筋電図の入力感度を初期設定の1.5VにするとREM睡眠がほとんどみれなくなる例が多く,1.0VではREM睡眠量がこれまでの報告より少ないものの,視察判定に近い結果が得られた｡以上の研究結果から,我々が用いた自動解析装置では,オトガイ筋電図の入力感度を1.0V,δ波の最小振幅基準を±25～31/μVに設定すれば,視察判定とほぼ同じ解析結果が得られると考えられた｡ en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkamotoMotoi en-aut-sei=Okamoto en-aut-mei=Motoi kn-aut-name=岡本基 kn-aut-sei=岡本 kn-aut-mei=基 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=InoueMakiko en-aut-sei=Inoue en-aut-mei=Makiko kn-aut-name=井上真紀子 kn-aut-sei=井上 kn-aut-mei=真紀子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakashimaMakiko en-aut-sei=Nakashima en-aut-mei=Makiko kn-aut-name=中島麻紀子 kn-aut-sei=中島 kn-aut-mei=麻紀子 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ItoSekiko en-aut-sei=Ito en-aut-mei=Sekiko kn-aut-name=伊藤昔子 kn-aut-sei=伊藤 kn-aut-mei=昔子 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医療技術短期大学部衛生技術学科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医療技術短期大学部衛生技術学科 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医療技術短期大学部衛生技術学科 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医療技術短期大学部衛生技術学科 en-keyword=睡眠 (sleep) kn-keyword=睡眠 (sleep) en-keyword=終夜ポリグラフ (polysomnography) kn-keyword=終夜ポリグラフ (polysomnography) en-keyword=自動解析 (automated computer analysis) kn-keyword=自動解析 (automated computer analysis) en-keyword=記録条件 (recording conditions) kn-keyword=記録条件 (recording conditions) en-keyword=解析条件 (analysis condition) kn-keyword=解析条件 (analysis condition) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=8 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2007 dt-pub=20070315 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=A Review of the Effects of Laughter on Physical and Mental Health kn-title=健康における笑いの効果の文献学的考察 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=Numerous studies have reported beneficial effect of laughter. The purpose of this study is to review physical and mental effects of laughter in previous studies in Japan. Several research of the physical advantages indicated immunological effects, easing pain, normalizing blood-sugar level and improvement of quality of sleeping. Moreover, mental effects of laughter have been reported for management of stress, establishment of human relations, and relaxation of tension. However, definitions of laughter vary in each study. Some studies suggest the unification of definition is necessary. The subjects of these studies were mostly healthy people. Study on laughter as effective of medical cure is needed in the future. kn-abstract=笑うことが人体に良い影響を及ぼしていることを証明する研究が,欧米を先駆けに,日本でも十数年前から実施されている｡本研究は,現在まで日本国内において報告されてきた笑いの効果を身体面,精神面の二方向から概観し,医療や看護の場で笑いを用いる有効性を提示することを目的とし,文献考察を行った｡身体面では,多くの研究において笑いの免疫系に関する効果が報告されていた｡その他,疼痛緩和,アレルギー患者の皮膚症状の改善,食後血糖値上昇抑制,リラクゼーション効果を明らかにするもの,笑いと睡眠の質に関する研究なども行われていた｡笑いの精神的効果として,ストレスコーピング,人間関係の確立,不安,緊張の緩和が挙げられていた｡しかし,笑いの定義は研究者により様々であり,笑いやユーモアの定義,分類,尺度化が必要であるとの指摘もなされている｡また,健康人を対象とした報告が多く,今後,医療の場でケアとしての笑いについての研究が期待される｡ en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MiyakeYu en-aut-sei=Miyake en-aut-mei=Yu kn-aut-name=三宅優 kn-aut-sei=三宅 kn-aut-mei=優 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YokoyamaYoshie en-aut-sei=Yokoyama en-aut-mei=Yoshie kn-aut-name=横山美江 kn-aut-sei=横山 kn-aut-mei=美江 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=財団法人 倉敷中央病院 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部保健学科看護学専攻 en-keyword=笑い (Laughter) kn-keyword=笑い (Laughter) en-keyword=ユーモア (Humor) kn-keyword=ユーモア (Humor) en-keyword=健康 (Health) kn-keyword=健康 (Health) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=104 cd-vols= no-issue=5-6 article-no= start-page=609 end-page=616 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1992 dt-pub=1992 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Expression of period (per) repeat sequence consisting in Drosophila clock gene in the rat brain kn-title=ショウジョウバエ時計遺伝子に存在する Period (per) repeat を持つ遺伝子のラット脳内発現 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The clock gene of Drosophila containing a hexamer repeat sequence (ACAGGC)n(period, per, repeat) is reported to be involved in the circadian rhythm. Young et al. (1985) cloned a mouse genomic DNA with the per repeat (cp202). In this study, temporal and spatial expres-sion of CP2.2F. and RB15 was examined in the adult rat branin by in situ hybridization. The former is a family of genes detected by using cp2.2 as a probe, and the latter is a gene corresponding to pRB15, one of the 11 rat brain cDNA recombinants homologous to cp2.2. Both genes were expressed in almost all neurons. Fluctuation of the genes under the light-dark cycle was apparently observed in the suprachiasmatic nucleus ; an intensive hybridization signal in the middle of the day and a weak in the middle of the night (p<0.01). However, the signal stayed relatively constant in other brain regions. Expression of both genes was detected in some glial and ependymal cells in the day but few at night. The present findings suggest that CP2.2F. and RB15 are involved in the circadian rhythm in the rat nervous system. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShibataNaoki en-aut-sei=Shibata en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name=柴田直樹 kn-aut-sei=柴田 kn-aut-mei=直樹 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部脳神経外科学教室 en-keyword=circadian rhythm kn-keyword=circadian rhythm en-keyword=period repeat sequence kn-keyword=period repeat sequence en-keyword=rat brain kn-keyword=rat brain en-keyword=suprachiasmatic nucleus kn-keyword=suprachiasmatic nucleus en-keyword=in situ hybridization kn-keyword=in situ hybridization END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=103 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=105 end-page=116 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1991 dt-pub=1991 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Alterations of neuropeptides in MPTP-treated mouse brain kn-title=1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)　を用いたパーキンソニズム・モデルマウスにおける脳内神経ペプチドに関する研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) has been shown to destroy the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system, inducing biochemical and histopathological changes resembling Parkinson's disease. Biochemical changes, especially changes of neuropeptides were determined 1,2 or 6 weeks after MPTP treatment in various regions of the mice brain. The dopamine (DA) concentration decreased to 22% of the control level in the striatum 1 week after MPTP treatment, but recovered to 50% of the control level 6 weeks after MPTP treatment. The decrease in the noradrenaline concentration was less than that of DA. Amine fluorescence histochemistry revealed, markedly decreased amine fluorescnece in the striatum 6 weeks after MPTP treatment, and this decrease in amine fluorescence was recovered after levodopa treatment. The results of a pole thst revealed the bradykinesia of MPTP-treated mice and it was attenuated b y levodopa and amantadine hydrochloride treatments. Among the neuropeptides tested, somatostatin (SOM) increased 1 week after MPTP treatment in the striatum and the thalamus＋midbrain but decreased 6 weeks after MPTP treatment in the striatum and the hippocampus. In the striatum the decreased SOM recovered with levodopa treatment. Thus, the SOM might be regulated by a dopaminergic system. On the other hand, in the cerebral cortex, while no changes appeared in the SOM concentration after MPTP treatment, the concentration decreased significantly with levodopa treatment. Other neuropeptides such as substance P, cholecystokinin-octapeptide and thyrotropin releasing hormone did not show any significant changes up to 6 weeks after MPTP treatment. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KawataMakio en-aut-sei=Kawata en-aut-mei=Makio kn-aut-name=河田牧男 kn-aut-sei=河田 kn-aut-mei=牧男 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部脳代謝研究施設機能生化学部門 en-keyword=MPTP kn-keyword=MPTP en-keyword=parkinsonism kn-keyword=parkinsonism en-keyword=neuropeptide kn-keyword=neuropeptide en-keyword=somatostatin kn-keyword=somatostatin en-keyword=levodopa kn-keyword=levodopa en-keyword=dementia kn-keyword=dementia END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=103 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=65 end-page=76 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1991 dt-pub=1991 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=An electroencephalographic study in enuresis kn-title=夜尿症の脳波学的研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=To clarify the pathophysiology of nocturnal enuresis and to establish its rational classification and treatment, clinical and electroencephalographic studies were made on 404 enuretic children, including an overnight polysomnographic investigation on 55 cases. EEG was normal in only 76 cases(18.8%). Background EEG abnormalities were observed in 226 cases(55.9%). This suggested the presence of brain immaturity or dysmaturity in enuretic children. Epileptic discharges were detected in 94 cases(23.3%), but not concomitant with the enuretic events. The epileptic mechanism may not play a primary role in the manifestation of enuresis. Specific EEG patterns of subcortical origin, i.e., 6 c/s wave-and-spike phantom, 14&6 c/s positive epikes, anterior theta burst, and mu rhythm, were detected in as many as 188 cases(46.5%). This indicates the importance of subcortical brain dysfunction in enuresis. During overnight polysomnographic recordings, 38 enuretic episodes were observed in 30 cases. Twenty eight episodes appeared in light sleep, 8 episodes in deep sleep, but only 2 episodes in REM sleep. According to the arousal response at the time of enuresis, enuretics were properly classified into arousal type(12 cases) and non-arousal type(18 cases). Prognosis was favourable in the cases whose enuresis appeared in light sleep and also in the arousal type enuretics. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=InoueHideo en-aut-sei=Inoue en-aut-mei=Hideo kn-aut-name=井上英雄 kn-aut-sei=井上 kn-aut-mei=英雄 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部小児科学教室 en-keyword=夜尿症 kn-keyword=夜尿症 en-keyword=脳波 kn-keyword=脳波 en-keyword=終夜脳波 kn-keyword=終夜脳波 en-keyword=睡眠ポリグラフ kn-keyword=睡眠ポリグラフ en-keyword=予後 kn-keyword=予後 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=103 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=19 end-page=29 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1991 dt-pub=1991 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Developmental change and physiological variation of blood flow velocity of the basilar artery kn-title=小児期における脳底動脈血流速度の発達的変化および生理的変動に関する研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Developmental change of blood flow velocity and pulsatility index (PI) of the basilar artery (BA) were studied, using transcranial Doppler sonography on 137 healthy subjects (68 males and 69 females) from 1 month to 30 years old. Blood flow velocity of the basilar artery increased with age during infancy and childhood, reached the maximum at the age of 5, and then gradually decreased. It ratio to blood flow velocity of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) i.e. MCA/BA showed a constant value irrespective of age. On the other hand, PI of the basilar artery showed a maximum value at infancy, and decreased during 1-2 years of age thereafter, it showed a constant value. Physiological variation of the blood flow velocity of MCA and BA during natural sleep and hyperventilation was also investigeted. There is a close correlation between the optimal pulsed signal depth for the measurement of blood flow velocity of the basilar artery and head circumference, or occipito-frontal diameter. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HoriuchiIsaac en-aut-sei=Horiuchi en-aut-mei=Isaac kn-aut-name=堀内伊作 kn-aut-sei=堀内 kn-aut-mei=伊作 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部脳代謝研究施設発達神経科学部門 en-keyword=脳循環 kn-keyword=脳循環 en-keyword=脳底動脈 kn-keyword=脳底動脈 en-keyword=Doppler 法 kn-keyword=Doppler 法 en-keyword=発達的変化 kn-keyword=発達的変化 en-keyword=睡眠 kn-keyword=睡眠 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=105 cd-vols= no-issue=7-8 article-no= start-page=751 end-page=758 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1993 dt-pub=199308 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Diagnostic studies of allergic gastroenteropathy Part 2. Diagnosis for allergic gastroenteropathy using phonoenterography analysis kn-title=アレルギー性胃腸症の診断に関する研究　第2編　腸音分析法を用いたアレルギー性胃腸症の診断に関する検討 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Oral challenge with specific allergens is generally used to diagnose allergic gastroenteropathy, but no evaluation criteria have yet been established. Therefore, we examined allergological tests (skin tests, IgE RAST score), oral challenge tests with causative allergens and oral administration tests using sorbitol as a nonspecific stimulator or distilled water as a control. Phonoenterograms were recorded intermittently for up to 5 hours after the tests and analyzed by a pulse density program. The results showed that it is possible to classify allergic gastroenteropathy into six subgroups by the allergological tests, symptoms and intestinal motility analyzed by phonoenterography. Increase of bowel sounds with or without positive allergological test and symptoms indicates a high suspicion of allergic gastroenteropathy. These data suggest that phonoenterography is useful in the diagnosis of this disease. It should also be possible to diagnose latent cases of allergic gastroenteropathy by non IgE-mediated allergic reactions. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MiyashitaKatuhiro en-aut-sei=Miyashita en-aut-mei=Katuhiro kn-aut-name=宮下雄博 kn-aut-sei=宮下 kn-aut-mei=雄博 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第二内科学教室 en-keyword=アレルギー性胃腸症 kn-keyword=アレルギー性胃腸症 en-keyword=腸音分析 kn-keyword=腸音分析 en-keyword=経口誘発試験 kn-keyword=経口誘発試験 en-keyword=ソルビトール kn-keyword=ソルビトール en-keyword=pulse density kn-keyword=pulse density END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=108 cd-vols= no-issue=9-10 article-no= start-page=303 end-page=310 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1996 dt-pub=19961031 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Dark and light neurons in the central nervous system Light and electron microscopic study of the mouse brain kn-title=暗調と明調神経細胞マウスの脳における光顕と電顕所見 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The cerebral cortex, cerebellar cortex and hippocampus of adult mice were studied by light and electron microscopy of tissue sections. Dark neurons were well stained with nuclear fast red, and clearly distinguishable from light neurons. The dark neurons were classified into active and resting types. Active types were characterized by their well developed Golgi's complexes. Resting types contained poorly developed Golgi's complexes. These findings indicate that active dark neurons are converted into the light neurons via resting dark neurons. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MurakamiTakuro en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Takuro kn-aut-name=村上宅郎 kn-aut-sei=村上 kn-aut-mei=宅郎 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhtsukaAiji en-aut-sei=Ohtsuka en-aut-mei=Aiji kn-aut-name=大塚愛二 kn-aut-sei=大塚 kn-aut-mei=愛二 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamanaSeizo en-aut-sei=Yamana en-aut-mei=Seizo kn-aut-name=山名征三 kn-aut-sei=山名 kn-aut-mei=征三 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第二解剖学教室 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第二解剖学教室 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=東広島記念病院（附）広島リウマチ・膠原病センター en-keyword=Dark neurons kn-keyword=Dark neurons en-keyword=light neurons kn-keyword=light neurons en-keyword=central nervous system kn-keyword=central nervous system en-keyword=mouse kn-keyword=mouse END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=107 cd-vols= no-issue=11-12 article-no= start-page=235 end-page=242 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1996 dt-pub=19960229 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Sleep restores the ratio of dark neurons to light neuros in the central nervous system kn-title=睡眠は中枢神経の暗調細胞を明調細胞に復する en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Blocks of the hippocampal subiculum, hippocampus, intracerebellar nuclei, cerebellar cortex and visual cortex were isolated from adult mice in the evening. at midnight or in the next morning. They were embedded in paraffin, cut into sections, stained with cationic iron colloid or aldehyde fuchsin and counter-stained with nuclear fast red or carbol-thionin. Specimens prepared at midnight contained a markedly increased number of dark neurons. In the cerebel-lar cortex, 50% or more of Punkinje cells were daek at midnight. The dark neurons, except for Purkinje cells, were usually provided with extracellular sulfated proteoglycans reactive to cationic iron colloid or aldehyde fuchsin. The specimens, including those of intracerebellar nuclei and cerebellar cortex, prepared in the next morning (or when the animals were sleeping) contained few dark neurons. These findings suggest that the dark neurons are exhausted or tired cells, which are restored to normal or light cells with sleep (resting of neurons), and that they are neither porly fixed nor degenerative cells. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MurakamiTakuro en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Takuro kn-aut-name=村上宅郎 kn-aut-sei=村上 kn-aut-mei=宅郎 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhtsukaAiji en-aut-sei=Ohtsuka en-aut-mei=Aiji kn-aut-name=大塚愛二 kn-aut-sei=大塚 kn-aut-mei=愛二 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第二解剖学教室 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第二解剖学教室 en-keyword=Central nervous system kn-keyword=Central nervous system en-keyword=dark neurons kn-keyword=dark neurons en-keyword=clear or light neurons kn-keyword=clear or light neurons en-keyword=sleep kn-keyword=sleep en-keyword=sukfated proteoglycans kn-keyword=sukfated proteoglycans END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=107 cd-vols= no-issue=7-8 article-no= start-page=121 end-page=129 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19950831 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Visual evoked potential of fronto-central derivations kn-title=前頭―中心部導出視覚誘発電位の関する研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=To elucidate the developmental changes in the visual evoked potentials of fronto-central derivation, 137 normal subjects between 0 month 37 years of age were examined. The latencies of early components (N60, P75) showed a gradual decrease up to 1 year of age. The N130 latency of late components showed a rapid decrease in 8 months, and afterwards, showed a gradual decrease until 10 years of age. The P190 latency showed a rapid decrease in 6 months, and afterwards, showed a gradual decrease until 15 years of age. All four components (N60, P75, N130 and P190) showed a tendency of low amplitudes, up to 8 months of age. During the sleep stages 1, 2 and REM, N130 and P190 latencies were prolonged, and amplitudes decreased, compared with those in the waking state. During sleep stages 3 and 4, these components disappeared. Late components of visual evoked potentials at fronto-central derivations showed signifi-cant developmental changes, and the results of this study can be considered useful in the objective evaluation of brain development. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MinakuchiEita en-aut-sei=Minakuchi en-aut-mei=Eita kn-aut-name=水口栄太 kn-aut-sei=水口 kn-aut-mei=栄太 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部小児神経学教室 en-keyword=視覚誘発電位 kn-keyword=視覚誘発電位 en-keyword=前頭―中心部導出 kn-keyword=前頭―中心部導出 en-keyword=発達 kn-keyword=発達 en-keyword=睡眠 kn-keyword=睡眠 en-keyword=後期成分 kn-keyword=後期成分 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=110 cd-vols= no-issue=1-6 article-no= start-page=39 end-page=51 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1998 dt-pub=19980625 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Analysis of ictal EEGs in West syndrome kn-title=West 症候群の発作時脳波に関する研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Although tonic spasms (TS) observed in West syndrome(WS) are regarded as generalized seizures, the mechanism of their occurrence has not yet been fully elucidated. We analyzed ictal EEGs of TS to determine the mechanism and to clarify the role of cortical pathology in the occurrence of TS. Of 53 infants with WS, we classified cryptogenic cases as Group Ⅰ. Symptomatic cases were classified into 2 groups : Group Ⅱ consisted of those without partial seizures during the period of WS and Group 3 consisted of those with partial seizures. We analyzed 7283 ictal EEGs of TS regarding the following 5 points : 1) patterns of ictal EEGs, 2) frequency of isolated TS, 3) asymmetry of ictal EEGs, 4) spasm-spasm intervals, and 5) duration of ictal EEGs of each TS. We concluded that the asymmetry of ictal EEGs and the "rhythmic slow activity" immediately following ictal EEGs of TS were related to cortical pathology. Since "rhythmic slow activities" were often observed in Group Ⅲ and appeared at the same regions as those in ictal EEGs of concomittant partial seizures, they were considered to be peculiar EEG patterns related to cortical pathologic lesions. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AsanoTakashi en-aut-sei=Asano en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name=浅野孝 kn-aut-sei=浅野 kn-aut-mei=孝 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部小児神経学講座 en-keyword=West 症候群 kn-keyword=West 症候群 en-keyword=発作時脳波 kn-keyword=発作時脳波 en-keyword=Tonic spasms kn-keyword=Tonic spasms en-keyword=部分発作 kn-keyword=部分発作 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=112 cd-vols= no-issue=9-12 article-no= start-page=183 end-page=189 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2000 dt-pub=20001225 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=An investigation into the factors of smoking cessation in male smokers kn-title=男性喫煙者の禁煙実行要因に関する研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This syudy was designed to clarify what factors influenced the ability to stop smoking in male smokers, from the viewpoint of life-style guidance and primary care. Of the people who attended abult health examinations between 1993 and 1998 in Okayama Ctiy, 987 male smokers were selected and categorized according to the number of cigarettes per day into three groups. The relation was analyzed statistically between the three groups and the life-style related factors : age, the degree of obesity, sleep, snacks, salt, exercise and alcohol. The results showed significant differences in age, the degree of obesity, sleep, salt, exercise. Second, the relation between threse three groups and the experience and duration of smoking cessation was analyzed. The results showed a significant differnce in the experience of smoking cessation, but no significant differnce in duration of smoking cessation. The conclusions are as follows : 1. Male smokers, who do not activedy try to improve of their life-style related factors, have fewer experiences of smoking cessation, 2. Male smokers who try to improve their life-style habits have a similar period od smoking cessation to those who do not. 3. Long term support for all male smokers to continue to be non-smoking is important. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KawadaYuichi en-aut-sei=Kawada en-aut-mei=Yuichi kn-aut-name=川田諭一 kn-aut-sei=川田 kn-aut-mei=諭一 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部衛生医学講座 en-keyword=喫煙本数 kn-keyword=喫煙本数 en-keyword=生活習慣 kn-keyword=生活習慣 en-keyword=健康意識 kn-keyword=健康意識 en-keyword=健康意欲 kn-keyword=健康意欲 en-keyword=禁煙経験 kn-keyword=禁煙経験 en-keyword=再喫煙 kn-keyword=再喫煙 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=113 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=133 end-page=139 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=20010831 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Analysis of pain-related somatosensory evoked magnetic fields using the MUSIC (multiple signal classification) algorithm for magnetoencephalography kn-title=痛覚認知機能の電気生理学的検討 ―MUSIC (multiple signal classification) 法による解析― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=To compute an electrical current source from electrophysiological date, the single equivalent current dipole has been widely used. However, the method is not suitable for analyzing multiple dipoles. We used MUltiple SIgnal Classification (MUSIC) algorithm for analyzing multiple dipole sources in pain-related somatosensory evoked magnetic fields (SEFs) that had been obtained by 148-channel whole head type magnetoencephalography. Both middle latency (contralateral SⅠ) and long latency (bilateral SⅡ and cingulate gyri) components were clearly identified in the maps superimpksed on MR images. Not only the MUSIC results were in very good agreement with the single dipole estimation results, but also gave the temporal profiles of each current dipole source in stacks of consecutive maps. Thse results suggested that MUSIC algorithm is an effective tool for the analysis of multiple dipole sources of pain-related SEFs. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NinomiyaYoutaro en-aut-sei=Ninomiya en-aut-mei=Youtaro kn-aut-name=二宮庸太郎 kn-aut-sei=二宮 kn-aut-mei=庸太郎 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Neuropsychiatry, Okayama University Medical School en-keyword=multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm kn-keyword=multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm en-keyword=pain-related somatosensory evoked magnetic fields kn-keyword=pain-related somatosensory evoked magnetic fields en-keyword=whole-head-type magnetoencephalography kn-keyword=whole-head-type magnetoencephalography END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=114 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=131 end-page=132 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2002 dt-pub=20020930 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=職業性ストレスの健康影響とその対策 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=川上憲人 kn-aut-sei=川上 kn-aut-mei=憲人 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯学総合研究所　衛生学・予防医学分野 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2008 dt-pub=20080325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=透析患者における中枢性無呼吸と閉塞性無呼吸の予見因子 kn-title=The predictors of central and obstructive sleep apnoea in haemodialysis patients en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TadaTakeshi en-aut-sei=Tada en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name=多田毅 kn-aut-sei=多田 kn-aut-mei=毅 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2008 dt-pub=20080325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=貼付型ブラキシズム測定装置により記録したブラキシズム頻度と顎関節症症状の関連 kn-title=Relationship between the frequency of sleep bruxism and the prevalence of signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders in an adolescentpopulation. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakaguchiChiyomi en-aut-sei=Sakaguchi en-aut-mei=Chiyomi kn-aut-name=坂口千代美 kn-aut-sei=坂口 kn-aut-mei=千代美 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=4 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=105 end-page=110 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1994 dt-pub=19940131 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Daily VMA (vanillyl mandelic acid) variation in urine in relation of fatigue sensation, stress and life stile of nurses on night shift. kn-title=看護婦の疲労感・ストレス・生活時間と尿中Vanillyl mandelic acid (VMA)の動態 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Daily VMA variation in urine in relation of fatigue sensation, stress and life stile of nurses on night shift. To evaluate exhaustion objectively in hospital nurses, daily variation of urinaly VMA (vanillyl mandelic acid) excretion was measured in hospital nurses working in daytime and nighttime and it's correlation with the data from Psychological Stress Response Scale (PSRS) test, the burn-out scale, quality and quantity of sleep and daily life stile recorded throughout 24 hours were studied. VMA level in urine showed circadian rhythmic movement, higher in daytime and lower in nighttime. During night shift, VMA in urine in nighttime showed slightly higher level than during day shift but in the subsequent daytime after night shift, VMA level was stillkeeping normal circadian rhythm, resuling flatness of daily fluctuation of VMA level. Dissatisfaction of sleep during daily fluctation of VMA level. Dissatisfaction of sleep during daytime was noticed. Correlation between VMA level in urine and sense of tiredness, stresses or burn-out scale were not carfied in this study because of shortage of samples but working conditions might affect biologicalresponse of exhaustion. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=InoshitaHikari en-aut-sei=Inoshita en-aut-mei=Hikari kn-aut-name=猪下光 kn-aut-sei=猪下 kn-aut-mei=光 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OuchiTakeshi en-aut-sei=Ouchi en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name=大内武 kn-aut-sei=大内 kn-aut-mei=武 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NinomiyaTsuneo en-aut-sei=Ninomiya en-aut-mei=Tsuneo kn-aut-name=二宮恒夫 kn-aut-sei=二宮 kn-aut-mei=恒夫 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医療技術短期大学部看護学科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=徳島大学医療技術短期大学部看護学科 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=徳島大学医療技術短期大学部看護学科 en-keyword=VMAの変動 kn-keyword=VMAの変動 en-keyword=三交替性疲労感 kn-keyword=三交替性疲労感 en-keyword=ストレス kn-keyword=ストレス en-keyword=生活時間 kn-keyword=生活時間 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=7 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=201 end-page=214 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1997 dt-pub=19970131 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Factors involved in the postoperative occurrence of mental disorders in patients with esophagus cancer kn-title=食道癌患者の術後精神症状出現にかかわる要因に関する研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=To identify factors involved in the postoperative occurrence of mental disorders in patients with esophagus cancer and their relationship, 91 items about life background, disease course, changes in organic functions, physical pain, psychological conditions, support system, and sleep conditions were examined in patients with esophagus cancer treated at the ICU after operation using their medical and nursing records. Comparisons of patients with and without postoperative mental disorders revealed the following 17 factors that had significant influences on the mental conditions of patients : the aim of operation, period of treatment in the ICU, period of intratracheal intubation, period of artificial respiration, period of indwelling of a drainage tube, changes in blood sugar after operation, individual nursing care plan in the ICU, observation during the night after operation, and treatment for sleeping after operation (these parameters, p<0.01), and the history of smoking, notification of disease conditions, reconstructed organs, changes in blood pressure after operation, changes in pH, PO(2), and PCO(2) after operation, and anxiety about disease conditions after operation (these parameters, P<0.05). Analyses of the relationship between factors revealed that changes in organic functions caused by operative invasion as well as physical and mental pain due to respiration control greatly affect the occurrence of mental disorders. kn-abstract=食道癌手術を受ける患者の術後精神症状の出現にかかわる要因とその関連性を明らかにする目的で、手術後ICUに入室した食道癌患者を対象に、生活背景、病状経過、生体機能変化、身体的苦痛、心理、サポートシステム、睡眠状況に関する91項目について診療記録および看護記録より調査を行った。術後精神症状出現群と非出現群との比較により、手術目的、ICU入室日数、気管内挿管日数、人工呼吸器装着日数、排液ドレーン留置日数、術後の血糖値の変化、ICUにおける個別の看護ケア計画、術後の夜間覚醒、術後の入眠処置（以上P＜0.01）、喫煙歴、病名告知、再建臓器、術後の血圧変動、術後のpH値･PO(2)値・PCO(2)値の変動、術後の病気に対する不安の訴え（以上P＜0.05）の有意な17要因が明らかになった。さらに要因間の関連分析により、精神症状の出現には手術侵襲による生体機能変化と術後の呼吸管理による身体的・精神的苦痛が大きな影響を及ぼしていることが明らかになった。出現予防のための看護は、術前・術後をとおしての患者の身体的・心理的状況の把握とICU環境からの早期離脱が重要であることが考えられる。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KanaoNaomi en-aut-sei=Kanao en-aut-mei=Naomi kn-aut-name=金尾直美 kn-aut-sei=金尾 kn-aut-mei=直美 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoReiko en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Reiko kn-aut-name=佐藤禮子 kn-aut-sei=佐藤 kn-aut-mei=禮子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医療技術短期大学部看護学科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=千葉大学看護学部 en-keyword=術後精神症状 (the postoperative occurrence of mental disorders) kn-keyword=術後精神症状 (the postoperative occurrence of mental disorders) en-keyword=手術侵襲 (operative invasion) kn-keyword=手術侵襲 (operative invasion) en-keyword=ICU入室期間 (period of treatment ICU) kn-keyword=ICU入室期間 (period of treatment ICU) en-keyword=呼吸管理 (respiration control) kn-keyword=呼吸管理 (respiration control) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2007 dt-pub=20070323 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=咬合接触に関与しない口蓋床の口蓋部形態が睡眠中の咬筋筋活動に与える影響 kn-title=The Design of Non-occlusal Intraoral Appliances on Hard Palate and Their Effect on Masseter Muscle Activity during Sleep en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This study aimed to reveal whether masseter muscle activity during sleep is affected by the difference in design of non-occlusal intraoral appliances on hard palate. Eight healthy Japanese participants were selected and wore each of the four types of appliances (horse shoe, thin, thick and medium thick) during sleep for one week with a one week interval without appliance during sleep. A masseter muscle electromyograph (EMG) was recorded during sleep. The EMG activities were analyzed by calculating the number of bursts per hour, episodes per hour, and bursts per episode. The EMG parameters with the thick type appliance were significantly lower than the baseline condition without appliance. In this study, it is suggested that a thick type appliance has an active effect on suppression of masseter muscle activity. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HasegawaKoichi en-aut-sei=Hasegawa en-aut-mei=Koichi kn-aut-name=長谷川浩一 kn-aut-sei=長谷川 kn-aut-mei=浩一 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=2 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=11 end-page=20 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2002 dt-pub=2002 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=International Understanding in School Music Education: from a Lullaby of Mother-culture to Lullabies in the World kn-title=国際理解と学校音楽教育―「郷土のこもりうた」から「世界のこもりうた」へ― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=The purpose of this study is to examine how school music can contribute to the issue of international understandings, which is, as it has been widely recognized, one of the most crucial topics in school education. In this discussion here, the focus falls upon the significance of students' comprehension of the so-called world musics, considering, recent studies of global education. Attention is paid especially upon the importance of obtaining global understanding of music within a global context, so that school children might conceiv the depth of learning music in their daily lives. Firstly, we have generally illustrated international understandings in the field of school music teaching in the attempt to point out several problems which, we believe, should be reconsidered to improve the present situations of school music practices. Secondly, we have considered, through a case-study, some examples of lullabies in order to emphasize the signifcance of music studies for global education. For the consideration the analyses are made to discuss the matter of difference in the point of music elements to comprehend several different cultural backgounds as for the genre of a lullaby, intending, at the same time, to show a clear relationship between music, words, and, sleeping-styles, etc.. In conclusion, it is suggested we should introduce a new idea of a 'two-step learning', that is, to stimulate children to understand music of mother-culture at the first step, and then, as the second step, to lead them into the further development of their understanding, comprehensions, appreciations of music through music experiences. kn-abstract=本研究は、学校教育の今日的課題の一つである国際理解を取り上げ、学校音楽教育が国際理解にどのように貢献しうるのかを検討するものである。音・歌・音楽は、グローバル教育の視点から捉えられることが必要であると考える。そのためには音楽を文化として体験し、生活における音楽の持つ意味を理解することが必要である。学習パラダイムとして、自文化の音楽を理解し、その上で異文化である諸民族の音楽を体験・理解するという段階が考えられる。そこで本研究では、①音楽科における国際理解についての認識と、これまでの教育実践について検討を行い、そこにみられる問題を指摘し、②世界のどの民族にも存在する「こもりうた」を取り上げ、文化的・音楽的特徴を明らかにした上で、それを適用した具体的な学習方法を提示した。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KatoHaruko en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Haruko kn-aut-name=加藤晴子 kn-aut-sei=加藤 kn-aut-mei=晴子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkuShinobu en-aut-sei=Oku en-aut-mei=Shinobu kn-aut-name=奥忍 kn-aut-sei=奥 kn-aut-mei=忍 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=兵庫教育大学大学院連合学校教育学研究科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=国際理解 (International Understanding) kn-keyword=国際理解 (International Understanding) en-keyword=グローバル教育 (Global Education) kn-keyword=グローバル教育 (Global Education) en-keyword=学校音楽教育 (School Music Education) kn-keyword=学校音楽教育 (School Music Education) en-keyword=こもりうた (Lullaby) kn-keyword=こもりうた (Lullaby) en-keyword=諸民族の音楽 (world Musics) kn-keyword=諸民族の音楽 (world Musics) END