start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=78 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=171 end-page=184 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=202404 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Relationships among Internalized Stigma, Sense of Coherence, and Personal Recovery of Persons with Schizophrenia Living in the Community en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We investigated (i) the relationships among internalized stigma (IS), sense of coherence (SOC), and the personal recovery (PR) of persons with schizophrenia living in the community, and (ii) how to improve the support for these individuals. A questionnaire survey on IS, SOC, and PR was sent by mail to 270 persons with schizophrenia living in the community who were using psychiatric daycare services, of whom 149 responded and 140 were included in the analysis. We established a hypothetical model in which IS influences PR, and SOC influences IS and PR, and we used structural equation modeling to examine the relationships among these concepts. The goodness of fit was acceptable. Our findings suggest that rather than directly promoting PR, SOC promotes PR by mitigating the impact of IS. It is important for nurses/supporters to support individuals with schizophrenia living in the community so that they have opportunities to reflect on their own experiences through their activities and to share their experiences with peers. Nurses/supporters themselves should also reflect on their own support needs. Our findings suggest that this will lead to a reduction of IS and the improvement of SOC, which will in turn promote personal recovery. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KuramotoAya en-aut-sei=Kuramoto en-aut-mei=Aya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaitoShinya en-aut-sei=Saito en-aut-mei=Shinya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeKumi en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Kumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University kn-affil= en-keyword=schizophrenia kn-keyword=schizophrenia en-keyword=internalized stigma kn-keyword=internalized stigma en-keyword=sense of coherence kn-keyword=sense of coherence en-keyword=personal recovery kn-keyword=personal recovery en-keyword=community kn-keyword=community END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=389 end-page=396 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=20240329 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Attitude towards Internet Use and Tendency of Internet Addiction among University Students: Focusing on the Timing of Starting Internet Use kn-title=大学生におけるインターネット使用態度とインターネット依存傾向 ―インターネット使用開始時期による検討― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=To examine attitude towards Internet use, tendency of internet addiction, and timing of starting Internet use among university students, the survey was conducted. The participants were divided into three groups based on when they started to use the Internet: elementary school group (n=18), junior high school group (n=44), and high school and above group (n=33). Attitude towards internet use and tendency of internet addiction at university were compared between groups. The results showed that elementary school group had higher tendency of internet addiction and was less likely to intervene in the inappropriate use by others. To answer practical questions about the appropriate age to start using the Internet, it is necessary to examine from multiple perspectives. kn-abstract=　大学生を対象に，インターネット使用態度，インターネット依存傾向，インターネット使用開始時期について質問紙調査を用いて検討した。インターネット使用開始時期により，調査参加者を小学校群（18名），中学校群（44名），高校以降群（33名）の３群に分類し，大学生時点でのインターネット使用態度とインターネット依存傾向を比較した結果，小学校群はインターネット依存傾向が高めであり，他者の不適切なインターネット使用に対し介入することは少ない傾向があった。小学校高学年から自分用の機器によるインターネット使用環境を入手していた者の大学生時点での使用状況には，より遅くから自分用のインターネット環境を入手した者に比べ懸念すべき部分がある可能性が示唆される。インターネットの使用開始年齢によるその後の影響について，実践的な問いに答えるためには，より多面的に使用実態の違いを検討していく必要があることが指摘された。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MIYAKEMotoko en-aut-sei=MIYAKE en-aut-mei=Motoko kn-aut-name=三宅幹子 kn-aut-sei=三宅 kn-aut-mei=幹子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Faculty of Education, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院教育学域 en-keyword=インターネット使用態度 (attitude towards Internet use) kn-keyword=インターネット使用態度 (attitude towards Internet use) en-keyword=インターネット依存 (tendency of Internet addiction) kn-keyword=インターネット依存 (tendency of Internet addiction) en-keyword=情報モラル教育 (information moral education) kn-keyword=情報モラル教育 (information moral education) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=100507 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=202312 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Treatment patterns and clinician stress related to care of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients with a do not attempt resuscitation order en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Objective: This research investigated treatment patterns for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients with Do Not Attempt Resuscitation orders in Japanese emergency departments and the associated clinician stress.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted at 9 hospitals in Okayama, Japan, targeting emergency department nurses and physicians. The questionnaire inquired about the last treated out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patient with a Do Not Attempt Resuscitation. We assessed emotional stress on a 0?10 scale and moral distress on a 1?5 scale among clinicians.
Results: Of 208 participants, 107 (51%) had treated an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patient with a Do Not Attempt Resuscitation order in the past 6 months. Of these, 65 (61%) clinicians used a “slow code” due to perceived futility in resuscitation (42/65 [65%]), unwillingness to terminate resuscitation upon arrival (38/65 [59%]), and absence of family at the time of patient’s arrival (35/65 [54%]). Female clinicians had higher emotional stress (5 vs. 3; P = 0.007) and moral distress (3 vs. 2; P = 0.002) than males. Nurses faced more moral distress than physicians (3 vs. 2; P < 0.001). Adjusted logistic regression revealed that having performed a “slow code” (adjusted odds ratio, 5.09 [95% CI, 1.68?17.87]) and having greater ethical concerns about “slow code” (adjusted odds ratio, 0.35 [95% CI, 0.19?0.58]) were associated with high stress levels.
Conclusions: The prevalent use of “slow code” for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients with Do Not Attempt Resuscitation orders underscores the challenges in managing these patients in clinical practice. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TanabeRyo en-aut-sei=Tanabe en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HongoTakashi en-aut-sei=Hongo en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ObaraTakafumi en-aut-sei=Obara en-aut-mei=Takafumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NojimaTsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Nojima en-aut-mei=Tsuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakaoAtsunori en-aut-sei=Nakao en-aut-mei=Atsunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ElmerJonathan en-aut-sei=Elmer en-aut-mei=Jonathan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaitoHiromichi en-aut-sei=Naito en-aut-mei=Hiromichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=YumotoTetsuya en-aut-sei=Yumoto en-aut-mei=Tetsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pittsburgh kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Do not attempt resuscitation kn-keyword=Do not attempt resuscitation en-keyword=Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest kn-keyword=Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest en-keyword=Emergency department kn-keyword=Emergency department en-keyword=Clinicians kn-keyword=Clinicians en-keyword=Slow code kn-keyword=Slow code en-keyword=Stress kn-keyword=Stress END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=77 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=595 end-page=605 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=202312 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Concomitant Use of Multiple Nephrotoxins including Renal Hypoperfusion Medications Causes Vancomycin-Associated Nephrotoxicity: Combined Retrospective Analyses of Two Real-World Databases en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=There is a growing concern about the relationship between vancomycin-associated nephrotoxicity (VAN) and concomitant use of nephrotoxins. We examined this relationship by combined retrospective analyses of two real-world databases. Initially, the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) was analyzed for the effects of concomitant use of one or more nephrotoxins on VAN and the types of combinations of nephrotoxins that exacerbate VAN. Next, electronic medical records (EMRs) of patients who received vancomycin (VCM) at Tokushima University Hospital between January 2006 and March 2019 were examined to confirm the FAERS analysis. An elevated reporting odds ratio (ROR) was observed with increases in the number of nephrotoxins administered (VCM + one nephrotoxin, adjusted ROR (95% confidence interval [CI]) 1.67 [1.51-1.85]; VCM + ?2 nephrotoxins, adjusted ROR [95% CI] 1.54 [1.37-1.73]) in FAERS. EMRs analysis showed that the number of nephrotoxins was associated with higher incidences of VAN [odds ratio: 1.99; 95% CI: 1.42-2.78]. Overall, concomitant use of nephrotoxins was associated with an increased incidence of VAN, especially when at least one of those nephrotoxins was a renal hypoperfusion medication (furosemide, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and vasopressors). The concomitant use of multiple nephrotoxins, especially including renal hypoperfusion medication, should be avoided to prevent VAN. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=BandoTakashi en-aut-sei=Bando en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ChumaMasayuki en-aut-sei=Chuma en-aut-mei=Masayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HamanoHirofumi en-aut-sei=Hamano en-aut-mei=Hirofumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NiimuraTakahiro en-aut-sei=Niimura en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkadaNaoto en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Naoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KondoMasateru en-aut-sei=Kondo en-aut-mei=Masateru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=IzumiYuki en-aut-sei=Izumi en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshidaShunsuke en-aut-sei=Ishida en-aut-mei=Shunsuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshiokaToshihiko en-aut-sei=Yoshioka en-aut-mei=Toshihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsadaMizuho en-aut-sei=Asada en-aut-mei=Mizuho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZamamiYoshito en-aut-sei=Zamami en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakechiKenshi en-aut-sei=Takechi en-aut-mei=Kenshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=GodaMitsuhiro en-aut-sei=Goda en-aut-mei=Mitsuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyataKoji en-aut-sei=Miyata en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=YagiKenta en-aut-sei=Yagi en-aut-mei=Kenta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=Izawa-IshizawaYuki en-aut-sei=Izawa-Ishizawa en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=AzumaMomoyo en-aut-sei=Azuma en-aut-mei=Momoyo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanagawaHiroaki en-aut-sei=Yanagawa en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=TasakiYoshikazu en-aut-sei=Tasaki en-aut-mei=Yoshikazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshizawaKeisuke en-aut-sei=Ishizawa en-aut-mei=Keisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Tokushima University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Clinical Research Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Tokushima University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Clinical Research Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Tokushima University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Tokushima University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Tokushima University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Tokushima University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Tokushima University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Tokushima University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Medical Molecular Informatics, Meiji Pharmaceutical University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Drug Information Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Tokushima University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Clinical Research Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Tokushima University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Pharmacology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Tokushima University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Tokushima Bunri University kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Department of Hospital Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Asahikawa Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Tokushima University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=vancomycin-associated nephrotoxicity kn-keyword=vancomycin-associated nephrotoxicity en-keyword=polypharmacy kn-keyword=polypharmacy en-keyword=nephrotoxin kn-keyword=nephrotoxin en-keyword=spontaneous adverse event reporting database kn-keyword=spontaneous adverse event reporting database en-keyword=electronic medical records kn-keyword=electronic medical records END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=20230925 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=看護師の道徳的苦悩、道徳的勇気、および、キャリア・アイデンティティ：横断的研究 kn-title=Moral distress, moral courage, and career identity among nurses: A cross-sectional study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=PENGMengyun en-aut-sei=PENG en-aut-mei=Mengyun kn-aut-name=彭梦云 kn-aut-sei=彭 kn-aut-mei=梦云 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院保健学研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=222 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=20230406 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Impoverishment Persistence in Hydropower Dam-Induced Resettled Communities: A Sociological Investigation on Livelihood and Food Security in Vietnam en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The widespread development of hydropower dams has led to involuntary displacement, which has become a significant global issue. In Vietnam, around 70,000 households were displaced in 2020, causing uncertainty and social disruption. The aim of this study is to analyze the effects of resettlement on the livelihood and food security of displaced households, explore the underlying challenges and causes of these effects, and recommend policy implications for sustainable livelihood development and poverty alleviation. This study conducted a decade-long sociological examination of three displaced communities in Thua Thien Hue province, Vietnam. Our research reveals that resettled households are unable to regain their former standard of living due to the loss of cultivated land and restricted access to public property, which exacerbates food insecurity. Unemployment, illiteracy, and low income further perpetuate poverty. These findings highlight the deficiencies in current policies and planning approaches and call for implementing socially responsible resettlement processes guided by principles of equity. Addressing the inequalities arising from displacement and enabling affected communities to participate in growth is economically justified and morally imperative. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TyPham Huu en-aut-sei=Ty en-aut-mei=Pham Huu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=LauraBaas en-aut-sei=Laura en-aut-mei=Baas kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=PhuongTran Thi en-aut-sei=Phuong en-aut-mei=Tran Thi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanNguyen Quang en-aut-sei=Tan en-aut-mei=Nguyen Quang kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Faculty of Land Resources and Agricultural Environment, University of Agriculture and Forestry, Hue University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=MAEX Platform, Mayor of Karnebeeklaan kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Faculty of Land Resources and Agricultural Environment, University of Agriculture and Forestry, Hue University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=food insecurity kn-keyword=food insecurity en-keyword=hydropower dams kn-keyword=hydropower dams en-keyword=impoverishment kn-keyword=impoverishment en-keyword=poverty kn-keyword=poverty en-keyword=livelihoods kn-keyword=livelihoods END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=76 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=429 end-page=437 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=202208 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Association between Preoperative Blood Pressure Elevations and Postoperative Adverse Outcomes after Non-cardiac Surgery: A Single-center Retrospective Observational Study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Blood pressure (BP) often rises before surgery. This study investigated whether BP elevation immediately before surgery was associated with adverse outcomes. Medical records of 11,732 patients (average age: 61 years; male: 47.4%) who underwent non-cardiac elective inpatient surgery under general anesthesia at Kagawa University Hospital between January 2011 and June 2019 were reviewed. Differences between the first BP values measured on the day before surgery and the first BP values in the operating room were defined as Δ systolic BP (ΔSBP) and Δ diastolic BP (ΔDBP). The relationships between ΔSBP/ΔDBP and 30-day mortality, 30-day readmission, and over-the-standard length of hospital stay (OSLOS) were assessed. OSLOS was defined as a hospital stay longer than mean+2 standard deviations and was calculated using the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination data. In univariate analysis, the differences in ΔSBP and ΔDBP between the OSLOS and standard LOS groups were both 2 mmHg. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, only ΔDBP was associated with OSLOS. The adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for the largest quartile was 1.31 (1.02-1.69) (p<0.05). ΔDBP was associated with OSLOS; however, there may be little need to worry about large ΔSBPs and ΔDBPs in clinical practice. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamadoriYusuke en-aut-sei=Yamadori en-aut-mei=Yusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiraoTomohiro en-aut-sei=Hirao en-aut-mei=Tomohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=Nlandu R. Ngatu en-aut-sei=Nlandu R. Ngatu en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KandaKanae en-aut-sei=Kanda en-aut-mei=Kanae kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=Syed Mahfuz Al Hasan en-aut-sei=Syed Mahfuz Al Hasan en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurakamiAkitsu en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Akitsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MashimaYukinori en-aut-sei=Mashima en-aut-mei=Yukinori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShirakamiGotaro en-aut-sei=Shirakami en-aut-mei=Gotaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=75 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=299 end-page=306 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=202106 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Interrelationships Between Serum Levels of Procalcitonin and Inflammatory Markers in Patients Who Visited a General Medicine Department en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Various laboratory markers of inflammation are utilized in general practice, but their clinical diagnostic significance is often ambiguous. In the present study, we determined the clinical significance of the examination of serum levels of procalcitonin (PCT) by comparing the PCT levels with the levels of other inflammatory markers, based on a retrospective review of 332 PCT-positive patients, including cases of bacterial infection (20.5%), non-specific inflammation (20.8%), neoplasm (9.9%), connective tissue diseases (8.4%), and non-bacterial infection (7.2%), were analyzed. The serum PCT level was highest in the bacterial infection group (1.94 ng/ml) followed by the non-specific inflammatory group (0.58 ng/ml) and neoplastic diseases group (0.34 ng/ml). The serum PCT level was positively correlated with serum levels of C-reactive protein (rho=0.62), soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R; rho=0.69), and ferritin, the plasma level of D-dimer, and white blood cell count, and negatively correlated with the serum albumin level (rho=?0.52), hemoglobin concentration, and platelet count. The serum PCT level showed a stronger positive correlation with the serum sIL-2R level than the other biomarkers. The results suggest that an increased PCT level may indicate not only an infectious state but also a non-bacterial inflammatory condition in the diagnostic process in general practice. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ArakiJo en-aut-sei=Araki en-aut-mei=Jo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkaKosuke en-aut-sei=Oka en-aut-mei=Kosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoKoichiro en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Koichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HanayamaYoshihisa en-aut-sei=Hanayama en-aut-mei=Yoshihisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TokumasuKazuki en-aut-sei=Tokumasu en-aut-mei=Kazuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=HagiyaHideharu en-aut-sei=Hagiya en-aut-mei=Hideharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=OgawaHiroko en-aut-sei=Ogawa en-aut-mei=Hiroko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=ItoshimaKoichi en-aut-sei=Itoshima en-aut-mei=Koichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaFumio en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Fumio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Laboratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=bacterial infection kn-keyword=bacterial infection en-keyword=inflammation kn-keyword=inflammation en-keyword=malignant lymphoma kn-keyword=malignant lymphoma en-keyword=procalcitonin kn-keyword=procalcitonin en-keyword=soluble interleukin-2 receptor kn-keyword=soluble interleukin-2 receptor END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=75 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=231 end-page=238 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=202104 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Long-term Survival with a Rare Advanced Primary Gastrointestinal Malignant Melanoma Treated with Laparoscopic Surgery/Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Targeted therapies for malignant melanoma have improved patients’ prognoses. A primary gastrointestinal malignant melanoma is very rare, with no standard treatment strategy. We treated a 78-year-old Japanese female with advanced primary gastrointestinal melanoma of the descending colon and gallbladder. We administered a multidisciplinary treatment: surgical resection of the descending colon and gallbladder tumors, resection of the metastatic lymph nodes behind the pancreas head, and immune checkpoint antibody-blockade therapy (nivolumab) for ~4 years. PET/CT demonstrated no recurrent lesion for > 3 years. Multidisciplinary therapies (e.g., surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, target therapy, and immune checkpoint antibody-blockade therapy) can successfully treat primary gastrointestinal malignant melanoma. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=EndoMotochika en-aut-sei=Endo en-aut-mei=Motochika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanoShuya en-aut-sei=Yano en-aut-mei=Shuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsanoHiroaki en-aut-sei=Asano en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakedaSho en-aut-sei=Takeda en-aut-mei=Sho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HamadaYuki en-aut-sei=Hamada en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KondoYoshitaka en-aut-sei=Kondo en-aut-mei=Yoshitaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KurodaShinji en-aut-sei=Kuroda en-aut-mei=Shinji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShigeyasuKunitoshi en-aut-sei=Shigeyasu en-aut-mei=Kunitoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=KikuchiSatoru en-aut-sei=Kikuchi en-aut-mei=Satoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaTakehiro en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Takehiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=TeraishiFuminori en-aut-sei=Teraishi en-aut-mei=Fuminori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishizakiMasahiko en-aut-sei=Nishizaki en-aut-mei=Masahiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=KagawaShunsuke en-aut-sei=Kagawa en-aut-mei=Shunsuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiwaraToshiyoshi en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Toshiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Mitoyo general Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Pathology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=primary gastrointestinal melanoma kn-keyword=primary gastrointestinal melanoma en-keyword=laparoscopic surgery kn-keyword=laparoscopic surgery en-keyword=immune checkpoint antibody-blockade inhibitor kn-keyword=immune checkpoint antibody-blockade inhibitor END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=307 end-page=317 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=20210322 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Relationship between Attitude towards Internet Use, Tendency of Internet Addiction and Internet Usage at the Time of First Use in university Students kn-title=大学生におけるインターネット使用態度，インターネット依存傾向とインターネット使用開始時の使用状況との関連 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=The relationship between attitude towards Internet use, tendency of Internet addiction and Internet usage at the time of first use was examined using a questionnaire for university students. Analysis was conducted 60 students who started using the Internet between 5th grade and 9th grade among the students who participated in the survey. As a result of the analysis, the following were mainly clarified. The more desirable the usage at the start of use, the safer it tends to be used even at the time of university students. In addition, the more desirable and managed autonomously the usage at the start of use, the lower risk of Internet addiction at the time of university students. From these facts, it was suggested that it is important to understand the usage not only from the viewpoint of the desirability but also from the viewpoint of autonomousness or heteronomy regarding the problem of children's Internet use. kn-abstract=大学生を対象として，インターネット使用態度，インターネット依存傾向と，インターネ ット使用開始時の使用状況との関連について，質問紙調査を用いて検討した。調査に参加した大学生 95 名のうち，インターネットの使用開始が小学５，６年生から中学３年生までの間であった 60 名を対象に分析を行った。分析の結果，主として以下のことが明らかとな った。使用開始時の使用実態が望ましいものであるほど大学生時点でも安全な使用ができている傾向があり，また，使用開始時の使用実態が望ましくかつ自律的に管理できているほど大学生時点においてインターネット依存に陥るリスクは低い可能性が示唆された。これらのことから，子どものインターネット使用をめぐる問題に関して，使用実態の望ましさだけでなく，自律的か他律的かという観点からも使用状況を捉えることの重要性が示唆された。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MIYAKEMotoko en-aut-sei=MIYAKE en-aut-mei=Motoko kn-aut-name=三宅幹子 kn-aut-sei=三宅 kn-aut-mei=幹子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Education, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科 en-keyword=情報モラル教育 (information moral education) kn-keyword=情報モラル教育 (information moral education) en-keyword=インターネット使用態度 (attitude towards Internet use) kn-keyword=インターネット使用態度 (attitude towards Internet use) en-keyword=インターネット依存 (tendency of Internet addiction) kn-keyword=インターネット依存 (tendency of Internet addiction) en-keyword=自律的使用 (autonomous use) kn-keyword=自律的使用 (autonomous use) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=15 end-page=29 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=20210322 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Consideration of educational principles required in the era of rapid change in the future ―From collective learning of problem-solving communicative action― kn-title=これからの変化の激しい時代に求められる教育原理の考察―課題解決コミュニケーション的行為の集団的学びから― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=In order to survive the rapidly changing times toward the challenges of teacher training in the 21st century, it is necessary to practice high-quality communicative action and build “learning the truth”. To this end, this paper considers the educational principles of communicative action centered on problem solving from a multifaceted perspective, based on the case of participatory education and learning for inheriting local traditional culture, and is a school for the future society. Clarified the educational principle of "genuine learning" in education and teacher training courses.
In addition, based on the educational practice cases of inheriting local traditional culture and the contents of the report of the Education Staff Training Council (1999), the educational principles necessary for today's school education and teacher education are considered, and based on the theory of Colt Hachen et al. , Suggested an educational method for teacher training to cultivate human power today and collective learning of communication acts toward "genuine learning". kn-abstract=21 世紀の教員養成の課題に向け，変化の激しい時代を生き抜くため，質の高いコミュニ ケーション的行為の在り方を実践し，“真実の学び”を構築する必要がある。そのために本稿では，地域伝統文化継承への参加型教育学習の事例をもとに，課題解決を中心としたコミ ュニケーション的行為の教育原理を多面的な角度から考察し，未来社会に向けた学校教育及び，教員養成課程における「真正な学び」に関する教育原理を明らかとした。
また，地域伝統文化継承の教育実践事例と教育職員養成審議会答申(1999)の内容から，今日の学校教育，教師教育に必要な教育原理を考察し，コルト・ハーヘンらの理論をもとにし，今日の人間力を培うための教員養成と「真正な学び」に向けたコミュニケーション的行為の集団的学びに関する教育方法について示唆した。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SAKUDAKiyohiro en-aut-sei=SAKUDA en-aut-mei=Kiyohiro kn-aut-name=作田澄泰 kn-aut-sei=作田 kn-aut-mei=澄泰 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NAKAYAMAYoshikazu en-aut-sei=NAKAYAMA en-aut-mei=Yoshikazu kn-aut-name=中山芳一 kn-aut-sei=中山 kn-aut-mei=芳一 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Waseda University Research Institute for Teacher Education kn-affil=早稲田大学総合研究機構 教師教育研究所 affil-num=2 en-affil=Okayama University whole school education and student support organization Career Development Center kn-affil=岡山大学全学教育・学生支援機構 en-keyword=「タテ」「ヨコ」の?がり ("Vertical" and "horizontal" Independent) kn-keyword=「タテ」「ヨコ」の?がり ("Vertical" and "horizontal" Independent) en-keyword=課題発見と課題解決 (Problem discovery and problem solving) kn-keyword=課題発見と課題解決 (Problem discovery and problem solving) en-keyword=自己実現 (Self-actualization) kn-keyword=自己実現 (Self-actualization) en-keyword=郷土愛に関する道徳性 (Morality about hometown love) kn-keyword=郷土愛に関する道徳性 (Morality about hometown love) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=75 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=39 end-page=44 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=202102 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Influence of and Risk Factors for Axillary Web Syndrome Following Surgery for Breast Cancer en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this study, we examined whether axillary web syndrome (AWS) in patients with breast cancer following axil-lary lymph node dissection affects range of motion (ROM), upper extremity function, and quality of life (QOL). The risk factors for AWS were also evaluated in a total of 238 consecutive breast cancer patients follow-ing axillary lymph node dissection. At 1, 2, and 3 months after surgery, there were no significant differences between the AWS group and the non-AWS group in upper-limb function or QOL. At 2 months after surgery, shoulder flexion and abduction ROM were significantly higher in the AWS group than in the non-AWS group (p < 0.05). Self-training time at home was not significantly different between the groups at 1, 2, or 3 months. Only age was a significant predictor of AWS at 1 month after surgery (p < 0.05). The AWS group in the present study did not have worse results for shoulder joint ROM, upper-limb function, and QOL than the non-AWS group. Younger age should be useful for predicting the development of AWS in the early postoperative period. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AkezakiYoshiteru en-aut-sei=Akezaki en-aut-mei=Yoshiteru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakataEiji en-aut-sei=Nakata en-aut-mei=Eiji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KikuuchiMasato en-aut-sei=Kikuuchi en-aut-mei=Masato kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TominagaRitsuko en-aut-sei=Tominaga en-aut-mei=Ritsuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KurokawaHideaki en-aut-sei=Kurokawa en-aut-mei=Hideaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=HamadaMakiko en-aut-sei=Hamada en-aut-mei=Makiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=AogiKenjiro en-aut-sei=Aogi en-aut-mei=Kenjiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhsumiShozo en-aut-sei=Ohsumi en-aut-mei=Shozo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugiharaShinsuke en-aut-sei=Sugihara en-aut-mei=Shinsuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Division of Physical Therapy, Kochi Professional University of Rehabilitation kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Breast Oncology, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Breast Oncology, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center kn-affil= en-keyword=breast cancer kn-keyword=breast cancer en-keyword=axillary web syndrome kn-keyword=axillary web syndrome en-keyword=age kn-keyword=age en-keyword=upper limb function kn-keyword=upper limb function en-keyword=quality of life kn-keyword=quality of life END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=75 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=8 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=202102 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Clinical Characteristics of Low Androgen Status in Males with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=To determine the clinical characteristics of low androgen status in adult males with diabetes, we retrospectively analyzed the medical records of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in whom serum free testosterone (FT) levels were examined for 1 year. Among the 46 patients (56 ± 1.5 years old), decreases in serum FT levels to < 8.5 pg/ml (indicating the occurrence of late-onset hypogonadism [LOH]) were detected in 18 (39%). The per-centages of patients with low FT levels were high in the ? 50 years age group (83%), the HbA1c < 7% group (67%), and the 25 ? BMI < 30 kg/m2 group (56%). The serum FT levels tended to decrease age-dependently. The level of HbA1c was significantly correlated with the Heinemann Aging Male Symptoms (AMS) score (R = 0.47). The low-FT group had decreased levels of hemoglobin. Of note, the serum FSH level (R = ?0.32) was negatively correlated with the serum FT level, whereas the serum TSH level (R = 0.36) was positively correlated with the serum FT level. Collectively, these results revealed that many diabetic males may have low FT levels and that the AMS score is related to the HbA1c level. A slightly anemic condition, thyroid dysfunction, and obesity (class 1) might be involved in LOH in middle-aged diabetic males. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HamaharaJun en-aut-sei=Hamahara en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HondaHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Honda en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoKoichiro en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Koichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TokumasuKazuki en-aut-sei=Tokumasu en-aut-mei=Kazuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HanayamaYoshihisa en-aut-sei=Hanayama en-aut-mei=Yoshihisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=HagiyaHideharu en-aut-sei=Hagiya en-aut-mei=Hideharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=ObikaMikako en-aut-sei=Obika en-aut-mei=Mikako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=UedaKeigo en-aut-sei=Ueda en-aut-mei=Keigo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=KishidaMasayuki en-aut-sei=Kishida en-aut-mei=Masayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaFumio en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Fumio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=androgen kn-keyword=androgen en-keyword=diabetes mellitus kn-keyword=diabetes mellitus en-keyword=late-onset hypogonadism kn-keyword=late-onset hypogonadism en-keyword=testosterone kn-keyword=testosterone en-keyword=thyroid function kn-keyword=thyroid function END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=174 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1 end-page=8 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2020 dt-pub=20200727 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=An Ethical Consideration of the Concept of Sustainability in ESD: The Arguments of Derek Parfit and Hitoshi Nagai en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The study critically examines the concept of sustainability by focusing on the arguments of Derek Parfit and Hitoshi Nagai. The concept of sustainability is based on that of intergenerational ethics, which asserts the rights of future generations. Parfit's thought experiment "Depletion" shows that we cannot make assumptions about the characteristics of future generations in order to guarantee their rights because of the Non-Identity Problem. Nagai suggests that our ethics are derived from inverted moral and ethical values, and that intergenerational ethics underpinning the concept of Education for Sustainable Development is rooted in the present generational ethics as our inverted values. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HirataYoshitsugu en-aut-sei=Hirata en-aut-mei=Yoshitsugu kn-aut-name=平田仁胤 kn-aut-sei=平田 kn-aut-mei=仁胤 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Education, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科 en-keyword=Derek Parfit kn-keyword=Derek Parfit en-keyword=future generations kn-keyword=future generations en-keyword=Hitoshi Nagai kn-keyword=Hitoshi Nagai en-keyword=nonidentity problem kn-keyword=nonidentity problem en-keyword=sustainability kn-keyword=sustainability END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=74 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=215 end-page=220 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2020 dt-pub=202006 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Exploring the Issues of Advance Directives in Patients with Mild Dementia in Taiwan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Due to cultural traditions, most Taiwanese do not have an advance directive or healthcare proxy. We explored how patients with mild dementia in Taiwan may still make self-determined decisions concerning advance directives for their healthcare and end-of-life care choices as the disease progresses. We examined 260 respondents with mild dementia at a Taiwan medical center: 199 patients who agreed (and 61 patients who disagreed) with the concept of advance directives completed a structured questionnaire. Multiple logistic regression models to determine the between-group differences revealed that the following were positively associated with approval of end-of-life directives: maintaining one’s quality of life (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 2.44; 95% CI: 1.07-5.53), discussion with family members (AOR, 3.50; 95% CI: 1.49-8.26), and friend support networks (AOR, 3.36; 95% CI: 1.34-8.43). Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (AOR, 0.27; 95% CI: 0.09-0.79) was negatively associated with approval. There was also a positive association between the support of the legal validity of end-of-life directives (OR, 1.93; 95% CI: 1.07-3.48), without other confounding factors. In Taiwanese society, we remain mindful of cultural influences that may impact patients, including maintaining one’s quality of life, discussion with family members, and friend/support networks. These influences may help dementia patients complete their advance directives. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ChouHsi-Hsien en-aut-sei=Chou en-aut-mei=Hsi-Hsien kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=School of Medicine, Chung-Shan Medical University kn-affil= en-keyword=advance directive kn-keyword=advance directive en-keyword=dementia kn-keyword=dementia en-keyword=patient autonomy kn-keyword=patient autonomy en-keyword=quality of life kn-keyword=quality of life en-keyword=culture kn-keyword=culture END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=74 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=171 end-page=174 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2020 dt-pub=202004 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Incarcerated Amyand’s Hernia en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= A 76-year-old Japanese man was transferred to our hospital to undergo rehabilitation after traffic accident-related injuries. Seven days post-admission, he presented with abdominal pain and an 8-cm lump in the right inguinal region. He was diagnosed with an incarcerated inguinal hernia and underwent elective surgery the day after manual reduction. He had a normal vermiform appendix which was observed to have adhered to the right indirect hernia sac. An appendectomy and hernia repair using lightweight mesh were performed. We discuss the surgical management of this rare incarcerated Amyand’s hernia and the relevant literature. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkitaAtsushi en-aut-sei=Okita en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaOsamu en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurakamiMasakazu en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Masakazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Yakage Town National Health Insurance Hosptial kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Yakage Town National Health Insurance Hosptial kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Yakage Town National Health Insurance Hosptial kn-affil= en-keyword=Amyand’s hernia kn-keyword=Amyand’s hernia en-keyword=incarcerated inguinal hernia kn-keyword=incarcerated inguinal hernia en-keyword=appendectomy kn-keyword=appendectomy END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=259 end-page=271 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2020 dt-pub=20200320 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Fundamental Study to Create a Joint Modeling Bringing up a Skill to Build a Relationship in a Childcare Facility kn-title=保育施設における子どもの人間関係形成能力を育む共同造形制作のための基礎的研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= Due to recent social changes, we can see changes in how children play and it is required to have activities that they can really into by exercising independence or opportunities in which they can exercise creativity by communicating with friends. Accordingly, we can indicate that communication among children through playing will be an important issue to grow morality and sociality as well as growing skills to build a relationship. As one of activities to grow skills to build a relationship, we can consider a joint modeling. In this study, we consider that practices of activities to express modeling that build a relationship among children should be a big work that cannot be created alone therefore it is desirable to proceed such practices by setting a play to create a “message method” that require a lot of ideas. Creative play has many elements created by sharing images with friends for children and we consider that they can devise themes, colors, and shapes. kn-abstract= 近年の社会変化により，子どもの遊びには変化が見られ，主体性を発揮して夢中になれる活動や，友達とやりとりをしながら創造性を発揮する機会が，必要とされている。つまり，遊びを通した子ども同士の関わりは，道徳性・社会性を育み，人間関係形成能力を育むための重要な課題であると指摘できる。人間関係形成能力を育むための活動の１つとして，共同造形制作が考えられる。本論では，子ども同士の関わりを作る造形表現活動の実践は，１人では作ることができない大きな作品で，アイデアを多く必要とする「寄せがき方式」の制作遊びを設定して行うことが望ましいと考えられる。創造的な遊びには，子どもにとって友達とイメージを共有して作る要素が多く，テーマや色や形を工夫していくことができると考える。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YAMAGUCHIMinori en-aut-sei=YAMAGUCHI en-aut-mei=Minori kn-aut-name=山口実梨 kn-aut-sei=山口 kn-aut-mei=実梨 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TAKAHASHIKei en-aut-sei=TAKAHASHI en-aut-mei=Kei kn-aut-name=橋慧 kn-aut-sei=橋 kn-aut-mei=慧 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=BABANoriko en-aut-sei=BABA en-aut-mei=Noriko kn-aut-name=馬場訓子 kn-aut-sei=馬場 kn-aut-mei=訓子 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=WATANABEYuzo en-aut-sei=WATANABE en-aut-mei=Yuzo kn-aut-name=渡邊祐三 kn-aut-sei=渡邊 kn-aut-mei=祐三 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TAKAHASHIToshiyuki en-aut-sei=TAKAHASHI en-aut-mei=Toshiyuki kn-aut-name=橋敏之 kn-aut-sei=橋 kn-aut-mei=敏之 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=御南まんまるこども園 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=作陽音楽短期大学音楽学科 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=くらしき作陽大学子ども教育学部子ども教育学科 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=兵庫教育大学大学院連合学校教育学研究科 affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科 en-keyword=保育施設 (Childcare facility) kn-keyword=保育施設 (Childcare facility) en-keyword=子ども (Child (Children)) kn-keyword=子ども (Child (Children)) en-keyword=人間関係形成能力 (Skill to build a relationship) kn-keyword=人間関係形成能力 (Skill to build a relationship) en-keyword=共同造形制作 (Joint modeling) kn-keyword=共同造形制作 (Joint modeling) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=215 end-page=229 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2020 dt-pub=20200320 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Improving Moral Courses in the Use of Care-Thinking Aiming for Children to Explore Together kn-title=ケア的思考の活用による道徳科の授業改善 : 共同的に探求する子供をめざして en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= Moral Courses in elementary and junior high school have been changed and requires a qualitative shift in teaching with thinking and discussing. The curriculum guidelines specifically show what moral lessons are aiming for, and the on-site teachers' awareness of improving the quality of classes has increased. Therefore, in order to provide a class in which children can explore their own way of life better, the emphasis on care thinking, which is one of the pluralistic thinking approaches advocated by Matthew Lipman, has been emphasized. We applied to class and worked on class improvement. I want to explore the effects of incorporating care thinking into moral education lessons in comparison with the past practice in which the author has gradually adopted creative thinking and critical thinking. kn-abstract= 「特別の教科 道徳」となり，「考え，議論する道徳」への授業の質的転換が求められている。学習指導要領には，道徳科として目指す学びが具体的に示されており，現場の教員にも授業の質を改善するという意識が高まってきた。そこで，子供が共同的に自己のよりよい生き方を探求していくことができる授業となるよう，マシュー・リップマンの提唱する多元的思考アプローチの一つであるケア的思考を重視して道徳科の授業に応用し，授業改善に取り組んだ。筆者が創造的思考，批判的思考を段階的に取り入れてきたこれまでの実践と比較しながら実践を進め，道徳科の授業に，ケア的思考を意識的に取り入れることにより，創造的思考や批判的思考が活性化され，さらには三つの思考が作用し合うことが明らかになった。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OzakiMasami en-aut-sei=Ozaki en-aut-mei=Masami kn-aut-name=尾崎正美 kn-aut-sei=尾崎 kn-aut-mei=正美 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科 en-keyword=ケア的思考 (Care-Thinking) kn-keyword=ケア的思考 (Care-Thinking) en-keyword=探求の共同体 (Community of Inquiry) kn-keyword=探求の共同体 (Community of Inquiry) en-keyword=道徳科授業 (Moral Courses) kn-keyword=道徳科授業 (Moral Courses) en-keyword=多元的思考アプローチ (Plural Thinking approach) kn-keyword=多元的思考アプローチ (Plural Thinking approach) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1 end-page=16 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2020 dt-pub=20200320 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Consideration of educational principles rooted in multifaceted and multifaceted thinking : From an educational method based on Jena Plan education case kn-title=多面的・多角的な思考に根差した教育原理の考察 : イエナプラン教育事例をもとにした教育方法から en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= Today, school education that emphasizes thinking, judgment, and expression is required, and there is a need for an educational principle based on the creation of a proactive group based on a multifaceted view of things. In particular, build up moral sentiment, build sublime morality rooted in moral judgment, and foster thinking, judgment, and expression through multifaceted thinking by enhancing educational methods for direct communication through dialogue. Will be the basis for higher education and important educational principles for working peop le in the future. Considering the above points, considering the principles of education in Jena Plan education in the Netherlands and different age education in Japan in order to build human relations that are the foundation of group building, and by enhancing communication activities such as dialogue and active learning, He suggested that self-affirmation, self-efficacy, morality, etc. were cultivated and that an educational principle for the pursuit of ideal happiness was es tablished. kn-abstract= 思考力・判断力・表現力を重視した学校教育が求められる今日、物事に対する多面的な見方考え方に即した主体的な集団づくりに基づく教育原理の在り方が必要とされる。特に、対話による直接コミュニケ−ション的行為に関する教育方法の充実による、道徳的心情、道徳的判断力に根差した崇高な道徳性の構築、多面的な見方考え方による思考力・判断力・表現力の育成については、子どもたちが将来にわたり、高等教育及び、社会人に向けた重要な教育原理の基礎となる。
上記の点について、集団づくりの根底にある人間関係づくりの構築に向け、オランダにおけるイ エナプラン教育、我が国日本の異年齢教育における教育原理を考察し、対話、アクティブラーニング等のコミュニケーション的行為の充実により、自己肯定感、自己効力感、道徳性等が培われ、理想とする幸福追求に向けた教育原理が構築される旨を示唆した。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SAKUDAKiyohiro en-aut-sei=SAKUDA en-aut-mei=Kiyohiro kn-aut-name=作田澄泰 kn-aut-sei=作田 kn-aut-mei=澄泰 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NAKAYAMAYoshikazu en-aut-sei=NAKAYAMA en-aut-mei=Yoshikazu kn-aut-name=中山芳一 kn-aut-sei=中山 kn-aut-mei=芳一 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=早稲田大学総合研究機構 教師教育研究所 affil-num=2 en-affil=Institute for Education and Student Services, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学 全学教育・学生支援機構 en-keyword=主体的対話的で深い学び (Independent, interactive and deep learning) kn-keyword=主体的対話的で深い学び (Independent, interactive and deep learning) en-keyword=多面的な見方考え方 (Multifaceted perspective) kn-keyword=多面的な見方考え方 (Multifaceted perspective) en-keyword=自己肯定感 (self-affirmation) kn-keyword=自己肯定感 (self-affirmation) en-keyword=幸福追求 (happiness pursuit) kn-keyword=幸福追求 (happiness pursuit) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=73 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=479 end-page=486 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=201912 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Correlations between Depressive Condition and Gastroesophageal Reflux Symptoms in Patients Visiting a Department of General Medicine en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= To clarify the potential relevance of patients’ chief complaints at a general medicine department to their self-rating depression scale (SDS) and frequency scale for symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) (FSSG) scores, we analyzed data of 478 patients who visited our general medicine department. The chief complaints (553 symptoms of 447 patients) were categorized into major symptom-based groups: respiratory (31%), circulatory (3%), gastrointestinal (GI) tract (26%), neurology (8%), orthopedic and skin (10%), and systemic (22%) symptoms. The SDS score tended to be higher in females and younger patients. The FSSG score did not differ by gender but was higher in younger patients. The patients receiving social welfare had higher SDS and FSSG scores. A close inter-relationship between the FSSG (including both degrees of reflux and dysmotility) and SDS was observed in all patients. Although the averages of the SDS and FSSG scores were not significantly different among the symptom-based categories, we observed significantly positive correlations between the FSSG and SDS in each category, suggesting that depressive status may be closely related to GERD-related symptoms regardless of the patients’ chief complaints. An initial checkup of patients’ psychological condition and/or GERD-like symptoms could help screen for latent disorders in outpatients with uncertain complaints. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SuganamiYu en-aut-sei=Suganami en-aut-mei=Yu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkaKosuke en-aut-sei=Oka en-aut-mei=Kosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HanayamaYoshihisa en-aut-sei=Hanayama en-aut-mei=Yoshihisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HondaHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Honda en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HamaharaJun en-aut-sei=Hamahara en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ObikaMikako en-aut-sei=Obika en-aut-mei=Mikako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KariyamaKazuya en-aut-sei=Kariyama en-aut-mei=Kazuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KishidaMasayuki en-aut-sei=Kishida en-aut-mei=Masayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaFumio en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Fumio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=chief complaints kn-keyword=chief complaints en-keyword=frequency scale for the symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (FSSG) kn-keyword=frequency scale for the symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (FSSG) en-keyword=self-rating depression scale (SDS) kn-keyword=self-rating depression scale (SDS) en-keyword=welfare kn-keyword=welfare END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=171 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=13 end-page=22 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=20190726 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Arguments over the Educational Role of Teachers in Moral Classes in the 1950-70’s kn-title=「道徳の時間」の授業論にみる教師の指導性 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=　「道徳の時間」成立後に提唱された授業論において，教師と子ども（たち）の関係がどのように語られてきたかを整理し，次第に教師の指導性が前景化する様相を描き出した。1958 年ならびに1969・70 年の学習指導要領および指導書では「道徳の時間」特設前から重視された「子どもに寄り添う」教師像に加えて「子どもとともに学ぶ」「子どもたちの関係をつくる」教師像が提示された。これらの教師像を前提としつつ，道徳授業論においては「子どもたちの学習の道筋をつくる」という教師の役割が強調されたことが明らかになった。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KOBAYASHIMariko en-aut-sei=KOBAYASHI en-aut-mei=Mariko kn-aut-name=小林万里子 kn-aut-sei=小林 kn-aut-mei=万里子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Education, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科 en-keyword=道徳の時間 kn-keyword=道徳の時間 en-keyword=道徳授業論 kn-keyword=道徳授業論 en-keyword=教師の主体性 kn-keyword=教師の主体性 en-keyword=子どもの主体性 kn-keyword=子どもの主体性 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=68 cd-vols= no-issue=3-4 article-no= start-page=688 end-page=635 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=20190319 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Le pr?judice moral r?sultant de l’atteinte ? la propri?t? kn-title=所有権侵害の場合の精神的損害の賠償 (中富公一教授 高橋正徳准教授 吉岡伸一教授 退職記念号) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MurataK. en-aut-sei=Murata en-aut-mei=K. kn-aut-name=村田健介 kn-aut-sei=村田 kn-aut-mei=健介 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院社会文化科学研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=9 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=125 end-page=133 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=20190320 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The Effects of Creative Learning Spiral Model on Making Videos to Creativity and Information Morals kn-title=クリエイティブ・ラーニング・スパイラルに基づいた紹介動画の制作が子どもの創造性と情報モラルに与える効果 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= クリエイティブ・ラーニング・スパイラルに基づいたワークショップが子どもの創造性・情報モラルに与える効果について検討した。ワークショップに参加する群 (介入群) とゲームで遊ぶ群(統制群) の2群間で比較した結果，アイデアの産出数と情報モラルに関する記述数の差は有意ではなかった。また，クリエイティブ・ラーニング・スパイラルの各段階の行動に対する自己効力感を調べた結果，介入群の自己効力感は有意に上昇していた。さらに，クリエイティブ・ラーニング・スパイラルに基づいた創造性を育む方法について考察し，子ども間の自由な関わり合いが必要であることを示唆した。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkazakiYoshihiro en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Yoshihiro kn-aut-name=岡崎善弘 kn-aut-sei=岡崎 kn-aut-mei=善弘 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyakeMotoko en-aut-sei=Miyake en-aut-mei=Motoko kn-aut-name=三宅幹子 kn-aut-sei=三宅 kn-aut-mei=幹子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科 en-keyword=クリエイティブ・ラーニング・スパイラル kn-keyword=クリエイティブ・ラーニング・スパイラル en-keyword=創造性 kn-keyword=創造性 en-keyword=情報モラル kn-keyword=情報モラル END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=9 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=85 end-page=98 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=20190320 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Consideration of morality concerning "communication of the heart" : Effects of Presentation Software in Teacher Training Course Effects of Morality on Conversation Students' Conversation Form kn-title=「心のコミュニケーション」に関する道徳性の考察 : 教員養成課程におけるプレゼンテーションソフト活用会話形態が大学生に及ぼす道徳性の効果 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= 今日の教員への課題を取り上げ、意思疎通のあるコミュニケーションを導入した教員養成課程の必要性を検討した。なお、大学3年生(男性：10名、女性：15名)を対象として4種類の会話形態を行い、最も意思の疎通を感じ取ることのできるコミュニケーションが推認された。さらに、教職を目指す大学生を対象にして、プレゼンテーションソフトを活用した異コミュニケーションを行い、将来自分たちのえがいている教師像を目標として実施することにより、教員を志としての道徳観を抱くことが明確化された。そして、本研究における結果からこの会話形態により、道徳教育をはじめとする授業等を含めた学校教育活動全体に関わり、意思疎通による道徳性を高める効果が予測された。また、これからの倫理観と道徳観を培うための教員養成課程の在り方について明らかとした。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakamotoKiyomi en-aut-sei=Sakamoto en-aut-mei=Kiyomi kn-aut-name=坂本清美 kn-aut-sei=坂本 kn-aut-mei=清美 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakudaKiyokazu en-aut-sei=Sakuda en-aut-mei=Kiyokazu kn-aut-name=作田澄泰 kn-aut-sei=作田 kn-aut-mei=澄泰 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakayamaYoshikazu en-aut-sei=Nakayama en-aut-mei=Yoshikazu kn-aut-name=中山芳一 kn-aut-sei=中山 kn-aut-mei=芳一 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=元岡山大学大学院教育学研究科技術補佐員 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=早稲田大学教師教育研究所 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学全学教育・学生支援機構 en-keyword=目指す教師像 kn-keyword=目指す教師像 en-keyword=コミュニケーション kn-keyword=コミュニケーション en-keyword=道徳性を深める会話形態 kn-keyword=道徳性を深める会話形態 en-keyword=意思の疎通 kn-keyword=意思の疎通 en-keyword=倫理観と道徳観 kn-keyword=倫理観と道徳観 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=168 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=39 end-page=48 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2018 dt-pub=20180727 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Arguments over Educational Relationship in Moral Class around 1950-60’s kn-title=「道徳の時間」成立期における教育的関係をめぐる論議 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= 本稿では，教育的関係をめぐる言説について，道徳教育に携わる教師のあり方に言及した1950 〜 60 年代の論考を取り上げて検討した。「道徳の時間」特設前後には，学級や学校の雰囲気づくり，共感的な子ども理解，教師の姿による感化，子どもへの愛情や教師としての使命感，教職の専門性などが主張されたことが明らかになった。道徳授業における「教師?児童生徒」関係への言及が少なかったのは，学校の教育活動全体を通じておこなう道徳教育を重視した全面・特設主義の影響によるものと考えられる。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KokayashiMariko en-aut-sei=Kokayashi en-aut-mei=Mariko kn-aut-name=小林万里子 kn-aut-sei=小林 kn-aut-mei=万里子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Education, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科 en-keyword=道徳の時間 kn-keyword=道徳の時間 en-keyword=教師像 kn-keyword=教師像 en-keyword=子ども理解 kn-keyword=子ども理解 en-keyword=全面・特設主義 kn-keyword=全面・特設主義 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1 end-page=14 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2018 dt-pub=20180320 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Ask for future morality : Pursuing new morality thought from the viewpoint of educational philosophy kn-title=これからの道徳性を問う : 教育哲学の視点から考える新たな道徳性への追求 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= Due to the marked decline of morality that spans inhuman tasks that progress with modernization after the war, today's day In books we come to review true morality. In this article, we will examine what kind of thing is "morality", based on a questionnaire survey by current university students, to explore the true meaning of university students who are going to achieve adulthood today and are new to society, And the way of moral education in school education. As a result, morality and future tasks in today's college students were found, suggesting that "respect for life", "normative consciousness", "trust relationship" etc. are important as future morality. In addition, we examined these morality based on the theory of historical thinkers (educational philosophers) and made clear the morality necessary for the future in the future. kn-abstract= 戦後の近代化と共に進む、非人道的な課題に及ぶ道徳性の著しい衰退により、今日の日本では、真の道徳性について見直す時にきている。本稿では、「道徳性」とはどのようなことなのか、現在の大学生によるアンケート調査をもとに、今日、成人を遂げ、新たに社会に巣立とうとしている大学生の真意を探ると共に、今後の課題と学校教育における道徳教育の在り方について検討した。 　その結果、今日の大学生における道徳性と今後の課題が見出され、「生命への尊重」「規範意識」「信頼関係」などが今後の道徳性として重要であることが示唆された。なお、これらの道徳性について、歴史上の思想家（教育哲学者）の理論をもとに検証し、今後の未来に必要な道徳性について明らかとした。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SkudaKiyohiro en-aut-sei=Skuda en-aut-mei=Kiyohiro kn-aut-name=作田澄泰 kn-aut-sei=作田 kn-aut-mei=澄泰 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakayamaYoshikazu en-aut-sei=Nakayama en-aut-mei=Yoshikazu kn-aut-name=中山芳一 kn-aut-sei=中山 kn-aut-mei=芳一 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Waseda University institute of teacher education kn-affil=早稲田大学教師教育研究所 affil-num=2 en-affil=Okayama University whole school education and student support organization kn-affil=岡山大学全学教育・学生支援機構 en-keyword=戦後の道徳性の意義 (Significance of postwar morality) kn-keyword=戦後の道徳性の意義 (Significance of postwar morality) en-keyword=生きることへの意味 (meaning to live) kn-keyword=生きることへの意味 (meaning to live) en-keyword=善の生き方 (how to live good) kn-keyword=善の生き方 (how to live good) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=44 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=39 end-page=54 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2017 dt-pub=20171127 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Boring Optimistic Human Views and Banal Morals : Is There a Hope for the Men in the Dark and 21st Century America? kn-title=しょうもない楽観的人間観と陳腐な道徳と : 闇の中の人々と21世紀アメリカに希望はあるか en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NakataniHitomi en-aut-sei=Nakatani en-aut-mei=Hitomi kn-aut-name=中谷ひとみ kn-aut-sei=中谷 kn-aut-mei=ひとみ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=The Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院社会文化科学研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=7 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=31 end-page=40 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2017 dt-pub=20170327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Consideration of morality class making considered from the angle of the welfare education in a teacher education course : From a morality analysis about handicapped person's teaching materials-ization kn-title=教員養成課程における福祉教育の視点から考える 道徳授業づくりの検討 : ハンディキャップのある人の教材化に関する道徳性分析から en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=　I made a college student of a schoolteaching candidate the subject by this research and considered morality class making which can put odds in koutane where I'll look at oneself from a life -style of handicapped person as well as hope in the future. It could come in sight and a guidance plan was made, and the angle of the welfare education was considered about class making which raises morality including a central situation and utilization of presentation software, etc. in the case when the class is considered. 　When it was studied, the moral value necessary to morality class making it was to interchange and to consider made morality class making from the angle of the welfare education and the central situation which is important when raising morality, etc. were respectively actually and became clear. kn-abstract=　本研究では，教職志願者の大学生を対象とし，ハンディキャップをもつ人の生き方から自己を見つめると共に，将来希望する校種における道徳授業づくりについて検討した。授業を検討する際に，福祉教育の観点を視野に入れ指導案を作成し，中心場面，プレゼンテーションソフトの活用等を含め，道徳性を高める授業づくりについて考察した。 　研究にあたり，実際に各自で作成した道徳授業づくりを交流することで，福祉教育の視点から考える道徳授業づくりに必要な道徳的価値，道徳性を高める上で重要である中心場面等が明らかとなった。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=坂本清美 kn-aut-sei=坂本 kn-aut-mei=清美 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=作田澄泰 kn-aut-sei=作田 kn-aut-mei=澄泰 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakayamaYoshikazu en-aut-sei=Nakayama en-aut-mei=Yoshikazu kn-aut-name=中山芳一 kn-aut-sei=中山 kn-aut-mei=芳一 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Former Okayama University graduate school pedagogy postgraduate course technological assistance one kn-affil=元岡山大学大学院教育学研究科技術補佐員 affil-num=2 en-affil=Waseda University institute of teacher education kn-affil=早稲田大学教師教育研究所 affil-num=3 en-affil=Okayama University whole school education and student support organization kn-affil=岡山大学全学教育・学生支援機構 en-keyword=ノーマライゼーション (Normalization) kn-keyword=ノーマライゼーション (Normalization) en-keyword=道徳的価値の変容 (Change in the moral value) kn-keyword=道徳的価値の変容 (Change in the moral value) en-keyword=福祉と道徳授業づくり (Welfare and morality class making) kn-keyword=福祉と道徳授業づくり (Welfare and morality class making) en-keyword=全人的道徳教育 (Complete man-like moral education) kn-keyword=全人的道徳教育 (Complete man-like moral education) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=7 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=11 end-page=20 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2017 dt-pub=20170327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=How Can We Practice Life-Education as Moral Education in Junior High School?（2） kn-title=中学校の道徳教育において〈いのち〉の教育を どのように実践するか（２） en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=　阪神・淡路大震災と東日本大震災では，大人だけでなく，多くの子どもたちが犠牲となった。改めて｢命の教育｣の重要性が指摘されている。また，青少年，特に中学生による殺傷事件やいじめによる自殺も後を絶たない現状にある。一方，2019（平成31）年度から中学校の「道徳の時間」は「特別の教科? 道徳」という名称の教科となる。その理由は様々であるが，教育再生実行会議の第一次提言によれば，同会議が教科化提言に踏み切った直接の要因は，いじめ問題への実効性のある道徳教育を求めることにあった。しかし，学校の道徳教育や「命の教育」は役に立たないという指摘もあり，教科となった道徳科における道徳教育は，これまでの諸課題を確実に見直し，確たる実践的基盤を打ち立てなければならない。本稿（２）では，前号の（１）で論じた〈いのち〉とその教育に関する独自の観点によりながら，「〈いのち〉の教育」に取り組む「道徳科の授業」の新しい展開を提案したい。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WatanabeMichiru en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Michiru kn-aut-name=渡邉満 kn-aut-sei=渡邉 kn-aut-mei=満 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KokayashiMariko en-aut-sei=Kokayashi en-aut-mei=Mariko kn-aut-name=小林万里子 kn-aut-sei=小林 kn-aut-mei=万里子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Hiroshima Bunka Gakuen University kn-affil=広島文化学園大学 affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Education, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科 en-keyword=ビオスとゾーエー (bios and zo?) kn-keyword=ビオスとゾーエー (bios and zo?) en-keyword=〈いのち〉の教育 (life-education) kn-keyword=〈いのち〉の教育 (life-education) en-keyword=発達段階 (development stages) kn-keyword=発達段階 (development stages) en-keyword=コミュニケーション的行為 (communicative action) kn-keyword=コミュニケーション的行為 (communicative action) en-keyword=討議 (Diskurs) kn-keyword=討議 (Diskurs) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=7 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1 end-page=10 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2017 dt-pub=20170327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Pursuit to the morality about "the connection of the life" which can be put in the present-day social education : Moral education of today's life is considered kn-title=現代の社会教育における「いのちのつながり」に関する 道徳性への追求 : 今日のいのちの道徳教育を考える en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=　The state of the moral education was also changed big in a postwar school education in Japan with operation of the Constitution of Japan and democratization. But there is no end to self-death of the students a parent-child relationship and the human relations make the cause and the miscellaneous problems which refuse to go to school and spite and are misconduct. The state of the moral education of today's social in general who has that in a background of postwar increase of miscellaneous problems was considered in a point to settle these. Rarefication to "An ancestor was respected." became clear from a questionnaire survey result in "morality" by a college student as a big factor of miscellaneous problems. Specifically, I found out that a decline of morality about the connection with the person such as an ancestor is an important problem. I received such problem, used an interview about a case about a parent-child relationship and traditional culture from a pioneer as a capital and considered about the connection of the life in the parent-child relationship, the family relation and the society as well as suggested it about the state of "true morality" and necessity in society in detail and a school education. kn-abstract=　日本国憲法の施行と民主化に伴い，戦後の日本における学校教育において道徳教育の在り方も大きく変容した。しかし，親子関係，人間関係が原因とする学生たちの自死，不登校，いじめ，非行等の諸問題が後を絶たない。これらを解決するため，戦後の諸問題増加の背景にある今日の社会全般の道徳教育の在り方について検討した。諸問題に関わる大きな要因としては，大学生による「道徳性」におけるアンケート調査結果から「祖先を敬う」ことへの希薄化が明らかとなった。具体的には，祖先をはじめとする人とのつながりに関する道徳性の衰退が重要な課題であることが分かった。こうした課題を受け，親子関係に関する事例，先人からの伝統文化に関するインタビューを元にし，親子関係，家族関係，社会における命のつながりについて考察するとともに，具体的な社会及び学校教育における「真の道徳性」の在り方と必要性について示唆した。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakudaKiyohiro en-aut-sei=Sakuda en-aut-mei=Kiyohiro kn-aut-name=作田澄泰 kn-aut-sei=作田 kn-aut-mei=澄泰 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaseHirofumi en-aut-sei=Hase en-aut-mei=Hirofumi kn-aut-name=長谷博文 kn-aut-sei=長谷 kn-aut-mei=博文 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakayamaYoshikazu en-aut-sei=Nakayama en-aut-mei=Yoshikazu kn-aut-name=中山芳一 kn-aut-sei=中山 kn-aut-mei=芳一 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Waseda University institute of teacher education kn-affil=早稲田大学教師教育研究所 affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of school education, Kushiro Campus, Hokkaido University of Education kn-affil=北海道教育大学釧路校臨床教育学研究室 affil-num=3 en-affil=Okayama University whole school education and student support organization kn-affil=岡山大学全学教育・学生支援機構 en-keyword=親子関係の不和 (A feud of a parent-child relationship) kn-keyword=親子関係の不和 (A feud of a parent-child relationship) en-keyword=道徳性の衰退 (Decline of morality) kn-keyword=道徳性の衰退 (Decline of morality) en-keyword=命のつながり (The connection of the life) kn-keyword=命のつながり (The connection of the life) en-keyword=真の道徳性 (True morality) kn-keyword=真の道徳性 (True morality) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=6 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=106 end-page=112 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2016 dt-pub=20160304 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=How Can We Practice Life-Education as Moral Education in Junior High School?（1） kn-title=中学校の道徳教育において 〈いのち〉の教育をどのように実践するか（１） en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=　阪神淡路大震災と東日本大震災では，多くの大人だけでなく，多くの子どもたちが犠牲となった。改めて｢命の教育｣の重要性が指摘されている。また，青少年，特に10代の若者による殺傷事件やいじめによる自殺も後を絶たない現状にある。一方，2019（平成31）年度から中学校の「道徳の時間」は「特別の教科　道徳」という名称の教科となる。その理由は様々であるが，教育再生実行会議の第一次提言によれば，同会議が教科化提言に踏み切った直接の要因は，いじめ問題への実効性のある道徳教育を求めることにあった。しかし，学校の道徳教育や「命の教育」は役に立たないという指摘もあり，教科となった道徳科における道徳教育は，これまでの諸課題を確実に見直し，確たる実践的基盤を打ち立てなければならない。本稿（1）では，理論と実践の両面から｢〈いのち〉の教育｣という独自の観点を設定して，「命の教育」の新しい在り方と「道徳科の道徳授業」の新しい展開を提案したい。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WatanabeMichiru en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Michiru kn-aut-name=渡邉満 kn-aut-sei=渡邉 kn-aut-mei=満 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科教職大学院 en-keyword=ビオスとゾーエー kn-keyword=ビオスとゾーエー en-keyword=「〈いのち〉の教育」 kn-keyword=「〈いのち〉の教育」 en-keyword=発達段階 kn-keyword=発達段階 en-keyword=コミュニケーション的行為 kn-keyword=コミュニケーション的行為 en-keyword=討議 kn-keyword=討議 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=6 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1 end-page=10 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2016 dt-pub=20160304 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Consideration about the State of Future's New Teacher Education and Scholastic One for Morality Subject-ization ―Inspection of the True Moral Education Considered from an Overall Unit-like Morality Class Curriculum― kn-title=道徳教科化に向けた今後の新しい教師教育と学校教育の在り方に関する考察 : 総合単元的な道徳授業カリキュラムから考える真の道徳教育の検証 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=　文部科学省が実施する道徳教科化に向け，今日の学校教育において，道徳教育が必要とされている理由と今後の在り方について検討した。その際に，これまでに実施されてきた総合単元的な道徳教育による「学校教育活動全体として」の視点が強化された学校教育の在り方に加え，さらなる地域，家庭等と連携した綿密な道徳教育の在り方を必要とする。 　本研究では，これらを踏まえた図式化をもとに，評価方法等の道徳教科化における効果と課題について考察分析した。その結果，道徳教科化により，道徳への意識が強調され，各個人への意識付けである道徳的価値意識が高まりやすくなることが示唆された。 また，学校教育における自然・空間・人間環境づくりの重要性と「善く生きる」ための道徳教育に向けた教師教育の在り方について明らかにした。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakudaKiyohiro en-aut-sei=Sakuda en-aut-mei=Kiyohiro kn-aut-name=作田澄泰 kn-aut-sei=作田 kn-aut-mei=澄泰 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakayamaYoshikazu en-aut-sei=Nakayama en-aut-mei=Yoshikazu kn-aut-name=中山芳一 kn-aut-sei=中山 kn-aut-mei=芳一 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=早稲田大学教師教育研究所 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学キャリア開発センター en-keyword=道徳の評価方法 kn-keyword=道徳の評価方法 en-keyword=道徳教科化による効果 kn-keyword=道徳教科化による効果 en-keyword=学校教育の環境設定 kn-keyword=学校教育の環境設定 en-keyword=総合単元的な道徳授業カリキュラム kn-keyword=総合単元的な道徳授業カリキュラム END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=160 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=11 end-page=18 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2015 dt-pub=20151127 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Provincial Schoolteachers’ Approaches to Moral Education in Japan in the early 1950s : a Case of Teachers at the Satoura Elementary School kn-title=1950年代初期日本における道徳教育の地域的展開 ：教育史演習授業使用史料の検討から en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=　昭和戦後期という現代日本への移行期において，道徳教育はどのような地域的展開をみたのか。本稿は，教育史研究の一環として，鳴門市の小学校教師が試みた道徳教育の研究と実践に関する一事例を検討し，その時代的・地域的特色を考察するものである。学校所蔵史料 の調査と関係者への聞き取りにより，@教師による「教育即道徳教育」という理念の探求，A教師が「教育」を狭く学校や授業の範囲で捉えない新たな観点を獲得していく模索，Bそして自らの道徳教育の実践を地域や住民を含み込む活動へと開け広げていく到達，という教 師による試行と展開の過程が，1958 年の「道徳の時間」特設以前にあったことを明らかにした。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KajiiKazuaki en-aut-sei=Kajii en-aut-mei=Kazuaki kn-aut-name=梶井一暁 kn-aut-sei=梶井 kn-aut-mei=一暁 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科 en-keyword=昭和戦後期 kn-keyword=昭和戦後期 en-keyword=道徳教育 kn-keyword=道徳教育 en-keyword=学校教師 kn-keyword=学校教師 en-keyword=教育史研究 kn-keyword=教育史研究 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=158 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=11 end-page=22 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2015 dt-pub=20150225 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Tsuchida Kyoson’s Educational Thought and Critcism of Textbook for Moral Education (Shusin) (2) kn-title=土田杏村の教育観と修身教科書批判（２） ─『道徳改造論』を中心に ─ en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=　本研究は，西田幾多郎門下の哲学者で近代の可能性を追求した文明批評家，土田杏村の教 育観と教育目的論を考察し，それとの関連において主著の一つである『道徳改造論』を対象 に，昭和初期の修身教科書批判の内実とその特質を明らかにする事を課題とする。 　第一報では，「人格の自律」に焦点化された杏村の教育に関する議論が，道徳論の基底に あることを明らかにした。第二報の本稿では，『道徳改造論』を主な資料として，明治以来 の教育を国家の絶対的権力による強制的教育であると理解していた杏村が，昭和初期の小学 修身書をどのように批判し，いかなる改造の道筋を提示したのかを考察した。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamanakaYoshikazu en-aut-sei=Yamanaka en-aut-mei=Yoshikazu kn-aut-name=山中芳和 kn-aut-sei=山中 kn-aut-mei=芳和 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=昭和初期 kn-keyword=昭和初期 en-keyword=土田杏村 kn-keyword=土田杏村 en-keyword=人格の自律 kn-keyword=人格の自律 en-keyword=『道徳改造論』 kn-keyword=『道徳改造論』 en-keyword=修身教科書批判 kn-keyword=修身教科書批判 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=158 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1 end-page=10 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2015 dt-pub=20150225 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=A Study on Application for Moral Education of a Learning System to Promote Reconstitution on grounds of Thought and Judgment: “The 8 in 4 Problem-Solving System” incorporated “Matrix Method” kn-title=思考・判断の根拠の再構成を促す学習システムの道徳教育への適用に関する考察　「マトリクス・メソッド」を組み込んだ「８ in ４課題解決システム」 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=　今日の道徳の時間では，読み物資料の主人公の気持ちの読み取りを中心とした心情主義的 な授業の型が中心をなしている。しかし，この型においては，多角的・批判的に考えさせた り，多様な価値観を引き出し考えを深める学習の実現については限界がある。そこで本論で は，プラグマティズムに基づく道徳の問題解決的な学習過程を，４つの学習段階の中に８つ の学習活動を取り入れた「８in ４課題解決システム」として構成し，その中心に思考・判 断の根拠の再構成を促進するために開発したマトリクス・メソッドという思考ツールを組み 込んだ。このシステムは，課題となる事象や資料の多面的・多角的な分析，自らの考えの根 拠のさらなる裏付けとなる情報の収集，及び当初の判断の未来の結果に対する因果の洞察を 踏まえた上での討論等によって，学習者の道徳的な思考・判断の根拠の再構成を促進するも のである。この指導法の導入により，道徳教育の充実，及び今日の道徳教育における実践的 な課題改善への有効なアプローチが可能になると考えられる。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FujiedaShigeo en-aut-sei=Fujieda en-aut-mei=Shigeo kn-aut-name=藤枝茂雄 kn-aut-sei=藤枝 kn-aut-mei=茂雄 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学教育学研究科　教職実践専攻（教職大学院） en-keyword=道徳教育 kn-keyword=道徳教育 en-keyword=問題解決学習 kn-keyword=問題解決学習 en-keyword=マトリクス・メソッド kn-keyword=マトリクス・メソッド en-keyword=プラグマティズム kn-keyword=プラグマティズム END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=157 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1 end-page=7 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2014 dt-pub=20141127 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Tsuchida Kyoson’s Educational Thought and Critcism of Textbook for Moral Education (Shusin) kn-title=土田杏村の教育観と修身教科書批判（１） ─ 自由大学運動と教育目的論を中心に ─ en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=　本研究は，西田幾多郎門下の哲学者で近代の可能性を追求した文明批評家といわれる土田 杏村（1891 〜 1934）の教育観と教育の目的に関する議論を考察し，それとの関連において， 晩年の著作である『道徳改造論』を対象として，昭和初期の修身教科書批判の内実とその特 質を明らかにする事を課題としている。 　本稿はその第一報として，杏村の自由大学運動との関わりを考察する事を通して，彼の教 育に関する議論が「人格の自律」に焦点化されており，この考えが道徳論の基底になってい ることを明らかにした。続く第二報では『道徳改造論』を主たる資料として，杏村の修身教 科書批判を考察する予定である。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamanakaYoshikazu en-aut-sei=Yamanaka en-aut-mei=Yoshikazu kn-aut-name=山中芳和 kn-aut-sei=山中 kn-aut-mei=芳和 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科 en-keyword=昭和初期 kn-keyword=昭和初期 en-keyword=土田杏村 kn-keyword=土田杏村 en-keyword=自由大学運動 kn-keyword=自由大学運動 en-keyword=人格の自律 kn-keyword=人格の自律 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=155 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=57 end-page=66 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2014 dt-pub=20140225 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The Discourse of Darwinism in Felix Holt, the Radical kn-title=『急進主義者フィーリクス・ホルト』にみるダーウィニズムの言説 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The present paper focuses attention on an influence of Darwinism as seen in the discourse of Felix Holt, the Radical. True George Eliot’s early and middle-period novels show signs of a vision of Natural History with its emphasis on scientific observation of the natural world. But as the impact of The Origin of Species (1859) sent a shock wave among the intellectual circle across Europe, she became growingly aware of its farreaching implications. Inevitably Eliot’s novelistic discourse has become permeated with the evolutionary outlook and terminology. Felix Holt marks a turning point in the sense that it is structurally conceived by the method of experimental science, and is clothed in its phraseology. We see how the writer’s moral and religious vision finds itself subtly reconciled with scientific world view. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FukunagaShintetsu en-aut-sei=Fukunaga en-aut-mei=Shintetsu kn-aut-name=福永信哲 kn-aut-sei=福永 kn-aut-mei=信哲 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科 社会・言語教育学系　英語教育講座 en-keyword=進化 kn-keyword=進化 en-keyword=有機的生命 kn-keyword=有機的生命 en-keyword=ネメシス kn-keyword=ネメシス en-keyword=罪 kn-keyword=罪 en-keyword=仮説・検証 kn-keyword=仮説・検証 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=125 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=229 end-page=234 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2013 dt-pub=20131202 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Roles for a tissue morphogenetic factor, Fgf10 kn-title=組織形成因子Fgf10 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OhuchiHideyo en-aut-sei=Ohuchi en-aut-mei=Hideyo kn-aut-name=大内淑代 kn-aut-sei=大内 kn-aut-mei=淑代 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科　細胞組織学 en-keyword=Fgf10 kn-keyword=Fgf10 en-keyword=線維芽細胞増殖因子 kn-keyword=線維芽細胞増殖因子 en-keyword=上皮間葉相互作用 kn-keyword=上皮間葉相互作用 en-keyword=組織形成 kn-keyword=組織形成 en-keyword=シスエレメント kn-keyword=シスエレメント END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=60 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=230 end-page=222 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2010 dt-pub=20100825 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Une nouvelle personne morale ? but non lucratif dans le droit fran?ais : La cr?ation du fonds de dotation kn-title=フランスの新たな非営利法人制度― fonds de dotation （寄附基金法人）の創設 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=InoueT. en-aut-sei=Inoue en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name=井上武史 kn-aut-sei=井上 kn-aut-mei=武史 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院社会文化科学研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=2 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=14 end-page=23 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2012 dt-pub=20120319 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Research on the improvement in a feeling of self-affirmation by a communication act ―Lead the morality lesson practice seen from the viewpoint of career education.― kn-title=コミュニケーション行為による自己肯定感向上に関する研究 : キャリア教育の視点からみた道徳授業実践を通じて en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=長引く不況や絶え間なく変化する社会の中，子ども達にとって将来の夢に不安を隠せない現状がある。また，自分でどのように判断し，生き抜けばよいか分からなくなったり，自信をなくしたりして，将来を生きる希望すら見失うことも少なくない。こうした不安感から自分自身の心に自信と希望を目指していくことで，夢や目標を抱き，生きる喜びを感じられるようになる。そのためには，キャリア的視点からみた道徳性を育んでいくことが重要であると考える。本研究では，充実したコミュニケーション行為によるキャリア的視点からみた道徳授業を実践することにより，人の心の中にどのような心情がめばえ，将来への展望をもつことができるかについて検証した。また，よりよいコミュニケーション行為の確立によって，それぞれの道徳的価値がどのように変化し，自己肯定感の向上に結びつくかについて明らかにした。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakudaKiyohiro en-aut-sei=Sakuda en-aut-mei=Kiyohiro kn-aut-name=作田澄泰 kn-aut-sei=作田 kn-aut-mei=澄泰 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakayamaYoshikazu en-aut-sei=Nakayama en-aut-mei=Yoshikazu kn-aut-name=中山芳一 kn-aut-sei=中山 kn-aut-mei=芳一 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=広島県尾道市立三庄小学校 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学キャリア開発センター en-keyword=キャリア視点からみた道徳的価値 kn-keyword=キャリア視点からみた道徳的価値 en-keyword=自己肯定感向上からの自信 kn-keyword=自己肯定感向上からの自信 en-keyword=他者への共感 kn-keyword=他者への共感 en-keyword=よりよいコミュニケーション kn-keyword=よりよいコミュニケーション END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=149 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1 end-page=8 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2012 dt-pub=20120225 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=A Practical Study on Lesson Design for Spread of the Morality: Based on the Theory of Communicative Action kn-title=道徳性を拡張する道徳授業構成に関する実践研究 : コミュニケーション的行為論をふまえて en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=道徳授業を行っていく上で,最も重要な鍵となるのが,その授業時間に取り組む｢主題｣と目指す｢道徳的価値｣を設定することである。しかし,1時間の道徳授業の中で子どもたちが学び考えるのは, 1つの道徳的価値項目のみではなく,一人ひとりの子どもの経験,追徳的価値観,道徳的な思考の差異に応じて多様である。そこで,1つの方向のみから道徳授業を構成するのではなく,授業の中でコミュニケーション的行為にもとづく話し合いを組織することによって,学ばれる道徳的価値を拡張させ,多面的な角度から道徳的価値について考える授業を構成することができると考えた｡そして,1つの道徳的価値から段階的に価値を広げる道徳授業を実践したところ,多面的な角度から道徳的価値の思考を深めることができた｡そしてその際,子どもたちの相互主体的な討論を組織することが道徳性の拡張をもたらすことを明らかにした。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SuminoYoshihisa en-aut-sei=Sumino en-aut-mei=Yoshihisa kn-aut-name=住野好久 kn-aut-sei=住野 kn-aut-mei=好久 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakudaKiyohiro en-aut-sei=Sakuda en-aut-mei=Kiyohiro kn-aut-name=作田澄泰 kn-aut-sei=作田 kn-aut-mei=澄泰 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil= en-keyword=道徳性 kn-keyword=道徳性 en-keyword=道徳授業 kn-keyword=道徳授業 en-keyword=道徳的価値 kn-keyword=道徳的価値 en-keyword=コミュニケーション的行為 kn-keyword=コミュニケーション的行為 en-keyword=了解 kn-keyword=了解 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=148 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=109 end-page=118 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2011 dt-pub=20111025 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Reception and Skepticism of Science in George Eliot: In Focus of Lydgate's Portrait in Middlemarch (2) kn-title=ジョージ・エリオットにみる科学の受容と懐疑 : 『ミドルマーチ』医師リドゲートのテクストを読む(その2) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The purpose of the present paper is to keep track on the process of Lydgate's moral decline in Middlemarch. His idealism as a medical doctor is observed to be inadequate in rescuing himself from his ruined marriage. His bitter conflict with Rosamond, his wife, is seen to be partly due to her self-absorption, and partly due to his unquestioning reliance on his professional capability. Eliot's penetrating insight into the causes of their marital unhappiness is in focus upon relevant textual analyses. The author's artistic use of a family of metaphors is seen as carefully planned to be organically integrated into the fictional structure. This is, in our view, the secret of success in producing a rich echo of resonance in her style. Thus the story of the protagonist's pride, suffering, and incomplete redemption is traced from a stylistic viewpoint. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FukunagaShintetsu en-aut-sei=Fukunaga en-aut-mei=Shintetsu kn-aut-name=福永信哲 kn-aut-sei=福永 kn-aut-mei=信哲 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科社会･言語教育学系英語教育講座 en-keyword=仮説検証 kn-keyword=仮説検証 en-keyword=プロット kn-keyword=プロット en-keyword=聖書批評 kn-keyword=聖書批評 en-keyword=生理学 kn-keyword=生理学 en-keyword=心理学 kn-keyword=心理学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=123 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=221 end-page=225 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2011 dt-pub=20111201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Acute respiratory distress syndrome following infection of influenza A (H1N1) virus kn-title=新型インフルエンザウイルス（A/H1N1）感染後にARDSを来たした1例 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A 28-year-old man with a history of mental retardation was admitted to our hospital because of dyspnea, cough and high fever. His SpO(2) level at room-environmental conditions was in the eighties, and his chest radiograph showed diffuse infiltrates in both lungs. He was diagnosed as suffering from influenza A by a rapid influenza virus antigen test. The echocardiogram showed no evidence of left cardiac failure; therefore, his symptoms were consistent with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Oseltamivir was started, and antibiotics were also given because of the possibility of secondary bacterial infection. Due to respiratory failure and low blood pressure, which suggested septic shock, intensive treatments including mechanical ventilation were performed. Corticosteroid therapy was started for ARDS and sepsis, and these therapies improved his respiratory condition. Polymerase chain reaction of his pharyngeal swab revealed that he had influenza A (H1N1). This is the first case of ARDS following infection by influenza A (H1N1) virus in Japan. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TaniguchiAkihiko en-aut-sei=Taniguchi en-aut-mei=Akihiko kn-aut-name=谷口暁 kn-aut-sei=谷口 kn-aut-mei=暁 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyaharaNobuaki en-aut-sei=Miyahara en-aut-mei=Nobuaki kn-aut-name=宮原信明 kn-aut-sei=宮原 kn-aut-mei=信明 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakaharaAtsushi en-aut-sei=Nakahara en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name=中原淳 kn-aut-sei=中原 kn-aut-mei=淳 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakataSaburo en-aut-sei=Takata en-aut-mei=Saburo kn-aut-name=高田三郎 kn-aut-sei=高田 kn-aut-mei=三郎 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakugawaRyo en-aut-sei=Sakugawa en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name=佐久川亮 kn-aut-sei=佐久川 kn-aut-mei=亮 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaganoOsamu en-aut-sei=Nagano en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name=長野修 kn-aut-sei=長野 kn-aut-mei=修 aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanimotoYasushi en-aut-sei=Tanimoto en-aut-mei=Yasushi kn-aut-name=谷本安 kn-aut-sei=谷本 kn-aut-mei=安 aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanehiroArihiko en-aut-sei=Kanehiro en-aut-mei=Arihiko kn-aut-name=金廣有彦 kn-aut-sei=金廣 kn-aut-mei=有彦 aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=KiuraKatsuyuki en-aut-sei=Kiura en-aut-mei=Katsuyuki kn-aut-name=木浦勝行 kn-aut-sei=木浦 kn-aut-mei=勝行 aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=UjikeYoshito en-aut-sei=Ujike en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name=氏家良人 kn-aut-sei=氏家 kn-aut-mei=良人 aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanimotoMitsune en-aut-sei=Tanimoto en-aut-mei=Mitsune kn-aut-name=谷本光音 kn-aut-sei=谷本 kn-aut-mei=光音 aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学病院　呼吸器・アレルギー内科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学病院　呼吸器・アレルギー内科 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学病院　救急科 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学病院　呼吸器・アレルギー内科 affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山赤十字病院　呼吸器内科 affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学病院　救急科 affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学病院　呼吸器・アレルギー内科 affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学病院　呼吸器・アレルギー内科 affil-num=9 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学病院　呼吸器・アレルギー内科 affil-num=10 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学病院　救急科 affil-num=11 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学病院　呼吸器・アレルギー内科 en-keyword=インフルエンザ Ａ (influenza A) kn-keyword=インフルエンザ Ａ (influenza A) en-keyword=H1N1 kn-keyword=H1N1 en-keyword=急性呼吸促迫症候群 (acute respiratory distress syndrome) kn-keyword=急性呼吸促迫症候群 (acute respiratory distress syndrome) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=1 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=29 end-page=36 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2011 dt-pub=20110310 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=A study on cultivation of moral execution with extracurricular activities kn-title=特別活動との関連づけによる道徳的実践力の研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=It seems that children tend to weaken relationships between other people or friends at school. The number of children who lose their goals and confidence are increasing, because they can't construct desirable personal relationships, In order for them to be able to do it, they need to foster their morality through taking part in the society and others positively and seeking the better way of life as a human. Therefore, we try to create the moral education that children can have connection to others and the society through extracurricular activities such as class activities and school events. This education will develop the mentalities that care for others, value justice and equity, and cooperate with others. We insist that these effects encourage children to notice the importance of caring for the society and other's positions and construct the better personal relationships. This study provides some example projects about comprehensive unit moral education with extracurricular activities, and explores the effect of cultivation of moral execution. kn-abstract=社会の変動の激しい時代にあって，地域の大人とのつながり，学校での友だちとのつながりでさえ希薄になる傾向が進んでいる。望ましい人間関係がつくれなかったり，自分の目標を見失ったり，自分に自信を失ったりする子どもが増えている。こうした子ども達が望ましい人間関係を築くことができるようになるためには，日々の生活において他者，社会に積極的に関わり，人間としてのよりよい在り方を自覚し，よりよい生き方を求めていく中で，望ましい道徳性をはぐくむ必要がある。そこで，同年齢とふれあう学級活動や異年齢児童とふれあう学校行事などの特別活動を通じて，他者や社会に積極的に関わる道徳教育を行う。こうした体験的に自分の周りの人を思いやる心，正義や公正を重んじる心，協力し合う心をはぐくめば，社会性や相手の立場を思いやる心の大切さに気づき，望ましい人間関係を築き上げることができると考える。本研究では，特別活動との総合単元的道徳学習の実践事例をもとにして，子ども達の心の変革の要因を分析・考察し，道徳的実践力の育成の効果を検討する。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakutaKiyohiro en-aut-sei=Sakuta en-aut-mei=Kiyohiro kn-aut-name=作田澄泰 kn-aut-sei=作田 kn-aut-mei=澄泰 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KurosakiToyoo en-aut-sei=Kurosaki en-aut-mei=Toyoo kn-aut-name=黒ｱ東洋郎 kn-aut-sei=黒ｱ kn-aut-mei=東洋郎 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=広島県尾道市立三庄小学校 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科 en-keyword=学級経営 (classroom activities) kn-keyword=学級経営 (classroom activities) en-keyword=人間関係の充実 (human relations) kn-keyword=人間関係の充実 (human relations) en-keyword=感動体験 (emotional experience) kn-keyword=感動体験 (emotional experience) en-keyword=自己実現 (self-realization) kn-keyword=自己実現 (self-realization) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=29 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=25 end-page=60 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1997 dt-pub=19970905 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Chinese Society Observed through Popular Jingles in the Transitional Period from Deng Xiaoping to Jiang Zemin kn-title=流行り謡にみる政権移行期の中国社会 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In my previous works I tried to analyze the various phases of the Chinese society through six hundred popular jingles or "min-yao" under the regime of Deng Xiaoping, and also made it clear that the unprecedented boom of popular jingles was caused by the expantion of social contradictions and partial lifting of the prohibition ofjingles critical of the regime. Deng Xiaoping died in February 1997 after two and half years of his 'complete retirement' from the political world in September 1994. It is understood that this is the very period when Jiang Zemin carried out the succession of power from him. In the present study, I clarify social phenomena seen through forty-two jingles in this transitional period. They indicate that China has a deepening tendency of corruption not only among aristocratic communists but also in the whole society. The sensational suicide of Wang Baosen, an ex-deputy mayor of Beijing, shows us that corruption prevails among top leaders of the country as well. This study also reveals that morality on sex has deteriorated on the nationwide scale during these years. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkaMasumi en-aut-sei=Oka en-aut-mei=Masumi kn-aut-name=岡益巳 kn-aut-sei=岡 kn-aut-mei=益巳 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=30 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=183 end-page=196 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1999 dt-pub=19990310 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Equity and Efficiency in Adam Smith kn-title=アダム･スミスにおける公正と効率 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This paper examined whether Adam Smith thought equity and efficiency were compatible or incompatible in the civilized society. In terms of thi$ issue this paper considered the relationship between sympathy and utility in Theory of Moral Sentiments, that between inequality and opulence in Draft of Wealth of Nations, and that between liberty and wealth in Wealth of Nations. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NiimuraSatoshi en-aut-sei=Niimura en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name=新村聡 kn-aut-sei=新村 kn-aut-mei=聡 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=31 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=177 end-page=205 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2000 dt-pub=20000310 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The Chinese Society under Jiang Zemin's Regime Observed through Popular Jingles kn-title=流行り謡にみる江沢民政権下の中国社会 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In my previous works, I tried to analyze the various phases of the Chinese society through six hundred popular jingles or "minyao" under the regime of Deng Xiaoping, and also made it clear that the unprecedented boom of popular jingles was caused by the expansion of social contradictions and partial acquiescence of jingles critical of the regime. In this study, I refer to when and how often special articles on popular jingles appeared in the monthly magazines of Hong-Kong, and try to clarify the interrelation between the special articles and the changes in China's open policies. Then, I selected about thirty popular jingles which are interesting and impressive. They show some of the typical social phenomena in the latter half of 1990's. They indicate that the corruption among high government officials is prevailing and that the sexual morality of the whole society is also on the brink of a crisis. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkaMasumi en-aut-sei=Oka en-aut-mei=Masumi kn-aut-name=岡益巳 kn-aut-sei=岡 kn-aut-mei=益巳 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=27 end-page=35 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2003 dt-pub=20030910 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Keynesian Issues in Adam Smith : Aggregate Demand and Financial Instability kn-title=アダム・スミスにおけるケインズ的問題―総需要不足と金融不安定性をめぐって― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=Adam Smith is generally regarded as an economist totally opposed to J. M. Keynes. However, Smith stood quite near Keynes and Keynesians rather than modern neo?classical economists with regard to some issues such as lack of aggregate demand and financial instability. Smith did not insist that monetary and public?finance policies were necessary in order to increase demand. However, it does not mean that Smith did not make much of demand. Smith thought that after the abolition of mercantilist policy, effective distribution of capital and labor would increase labor demand and give rise to wages, and consequently increase people’s demand for consumer goods. Smith also thought that laissez?faire policy would expand foreign trade and increase foreign demand. In addition, when Smith was faced to the bankrupt of the Ayr Bank, he recognized the instability of capital market. He came to think that not only free competition of banks but also legal regulations and improvement of business morals were essential to stabilize the financial system. kn-abstract=一般にケインズの対極に位置すると考えられているアダム・スミスは，総需要不足と金融不安定性の問題をめぐって，現代の新古典派よりもむしろケインズやケインズ派に近い考え方をしていた。スミスはステュアートのように金融・財政政策を通じた総需要拡大を主張しなかったが，そのことはスミスが総需要の問題を考慮しなかったことを意味するわけではない。スミスは，重商主義政策の撤廃による自由で効率的な資本と労働の配分が，労働需要の増加と賃金の上昇を通じて大衆的消費需要を拡大し，さらに自由貿易政策による貿易の拡大も総需要を拡大すると考えていた。またスミスは，エア銀行の破綻処理の経験を通じて金融市場の不安定性を認識し，金融システムの安定化のためには銀行の自由競争だけでは不十分であって，政府による一定の法的規制と銀行の企業モラルの改革が必要であると考えるようになったのである。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NiimuraSatoshi en-aut-sei=Niimura en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name=新村聡 kn-aut-sei=新村 kn-aut-mei=聡 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=38 end-page=48 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19951220 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Road Litter Analysis and Necessity of Moral Education for Litterbug kn-title=道路に捨てられたゴミの分析とところかまわずゴミを捨てる人に対する教育の必要性 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Road litters were collected by the present author on the city road in Okayama University, which were analyzed by students in the lectures of "Science Education in Elementary School" and "Science Education in Secondary School" in 1988 and 1992. The total 1941 litters were collected and analyzed. Of these, ones of 1562(80.5%) were burnable litters, ones of 379(19.5%) were unburnable metal/tiles and plastic goods. In burnable litters, the first place was the tobacco and relevant goods of 58.8%. The second place was the paper chip/propaganda bill/printed matter of 17.4%. The third place was the candybag/paperbag of 9.9%. The fourth place was the chewing gum/its envelope of 6.3%. The fifth place was the sanitary/medical supplies of 4.9%. The sixth place was the paper cup/paper package of 2.6%. The rest was of 1.0%. In unburnable litters, the first place was the empty can/bottle of 45.6%. The second place was the package of 36.6%. The third place was the accessory on a candy of 7.4%. The fourth place was the iron/aluminum goods/tile of 5.5%. The fifth place was the stationery goods/sport goods of 3.4%. The rest was of 2.6%. We could arouse student's interest in not only road litters but also in environmental issues. Environmental ethic education should be carried out-no smoking/ not throwaway cigarette and paper/plastic goods. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TaraMasanobu en-aut-sei=Tara en-aut-mei=Masanobu kn-aut-name=田羅征伸 kn-aut-sei=田羅 kn-aut-mei=征伸 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学教育学部 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=29 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=(111) end-page=(130) dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2010 dt-pub=20100326 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Problem and Analysis of Moral Rights - In Reference to the Problem of the Nonuse Special Provision of Moral Rights and the Moral Rights Waiver - kn-title=著作者人格権に関する課題と検討 - 著作者人格権の不行使特約と放棄の問題を参考に - en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TanakaHirokazu en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=田中宏和 kn-aut-sei=田中 kn-aut-mei=宏和 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=29 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=(13) end-page=(25) dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2010 dt-pub=20100326 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Rejet de la morale rel?ch?e et critique du langage dans les Provillciales kn-title=『プロヴァンシァル』における道徳論争と言語批判 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=パスカルが『プロヴァンシアル』において駆使した論駁と説得の論理は､それに先立つ科学論争の経験から多くの成果を学び､取り入れていた。拙稿(2008)では､以上の事実を､初期『プロヴァンシアル』におけるアルノー弁護の手紙を中心に､「事実問題」における感覚の役割の重要性および定義論という2つの観点から検証した。これにより､初期の論争が何よりも「言葉をめぐる争い」､「言語使用のモラルを問う争い」という性格を強くもつことが明らかになった。論点がイエズス会の道徳批判に移ってからも､同じ性格は依然として顕著に認められる｡したがって､論争中期においても､パスカルが依拠する方法には､基本的に初期の立場を踏襲する点が多く見られるであろう｡本編ではこの点について検討してみる。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NagaseHaruo en-aut-sei=Nagase en-aut-mei=Haruo kn-aut-name=永瀬春男 kn-aut-sei=永瀬 kn-aut-mei=春男 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=6 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=35 end-page=40 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1996 dt-pub=19960229 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=A subjective well-being of the aged - psychological characteristics of elderly people of 90 or older - kn-title=高齢者の主観的幸福感に関する研究 ―90歳以上の特徴― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=The population of the aged is currently increasing with advanced medical science and technology. The aged have become to keep their lives long. In this paper, We especially focused on their psychological characteristics of elderly people of 90 and older to offer high quality of nursing care for them. We interviewed 50 patients of 80 years and older about a subjective well-being, using a questionaire based on Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale. And also we asked 50 nurses, who took care of them exclusively, a questinaire about their images of the aged. We report as follows : 1. The nurses estimated that their images of the second group (range : 90 years old ~) were better than the first group (range : 80~89 years old). 2. In subjective well-being which Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale showed, above-mentioned both groups were similar in total scores. However, each item was marked differently by them. 3. In both groups, their subjective well-being correlated with good images for them. kn-abstract=高齢化社会の到来に伴い一言で老人といっても幅広い年代が対象となり、一律に老人では説明できない。実際看護をしていると90歳をすぎた老人はその年代迄にはない、穏やかさ、焦りのなさ、人生を達観しているような感じを受けることが多い。そこで90歳以上の老人にみられるイメージや心理面の特徴を明らかにし看護実践の一助としたいと考えた。方法は80歳以上の入院患者50名に身体、生活、家族面からみた現状、他者から見たイメージ、主観的幸福感を調査した。その結果、90歳以上は80歳代にくらべ看護者に肯定的イメージに受け取られる傾向にあった。主観的幸福感を示すモラール得点の総合点では差はなかったが得点する内容に差が見られ、80歳は積極的な生き方で得点しているものが多く90歳代は現状に満足している点で得点している者が多かった。看護者からみたイメージと本人の主観的幸福感は両年代とも肯定的イメージで相関した。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IkedaToshiko en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Toshiko kn-aut-name=池田敏子 kn-aut-sei=池田 kn-aut-mei=敏子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KondoMasuko en-aut-sei=Kondo en-aut-mei=Masuko kn-aut-name=近藤益子 kn-aut-sei=近藤 kn-aut-mei=益子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakuraiKeiko en-aut-sei=Sakurai en-aut-mei=Keiko kn-aut-name=桜井桂子 kn-aut-sei=桜井 kn-aut-mei=桂子 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=FutoyuYoshiko en-aut-sei=Futoyu en-aut-mei=Yoshiko kn-aut-name=太湯好子 kn-aut-sei=太湯 kn-aut-mei=好子 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=AshikiAkemi en-aut-sei=Ashiki en-aut-mei=Akemi kn-aut-name=阿式明美 kn-aut-sei=阿式 kn-aut-mei=明美 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SeitaReiko en-aut-sei=Seita en-aut-mei=Reiko kn-aut-name=清田玲子 kn-aut-sei=清田 kn-aut-mei=玲子 aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanimotoNobuko en-aut-sei=Tanimoto en-aut-mei=Nobuko kn-aut-name=谷本伸子 kn-aut-sei=谷本 kn-aut-mei=伸子 aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=AndoSakiko en-aut-sei=Ando en-aut-mei=Sakiko kn-aut-name=安藤佐記子 kn-aut-sei=安藤 kn-aut-mei=佐記子 aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医療技術短期大学部看護学科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医療技術短期大学部看護学科 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山県看護教育研究会(老人看護分科会) affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山県看護教育研究会(老人看護分科会) affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山県看護教育研究会(老人看護分科会) affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山県看護教育研究会(老人看護分科会) affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山県看護教育研究会(老人看護分科会) affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山県看護教育研究会(老人看護分科会) en-keyword=高齢者 (the aged people) kn-keyword=高齢者 (the aged people) en-keyword=イメージ (image of the aged) kn-keyword=イメージ (image of the aged) en-keyword=幸福感 (well-being) kn-keyword=幸福感 (well-being) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=31 end-page=41 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2006 dt-pub=20060315 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Socially Responsible Investment to Japanese Companies kn-title=社会的責任投資の視点から評価した日本企業の環境対策 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Recently, Socially Responsible Investment, which is a policy of investment regarding with companies' social, environmental and moral value, attracts attention of investors. However, there are little data to explain the effectiveness of the SIR in Japan. In this paper we report the relation between environmental management and stock price of Japanese companies. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IkedaYousuke en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Yousuke kn-aut-name=池田陽介 kn-aut-sei=池田 kn-aut-mei=陽介 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FuedaKaoru en-aut-sei=Fueda en-aut-mei=Kaoru kn-aut-name=笛田薫 kn-aut-sei=笛田 kn-aut-mei=薫 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=Socially Responsible Investment kn-keyword=Socially Responsible Investment en-keyword=Environmental rating kn-keyword=Environmental rating en-keyword=Eco fund kn-keyword=Eco fund END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=5 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=109 end-page=117 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=2005 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=An experiment on making "Belongingness to Classroom Group Scale" in high school. kn-title=高等学校における学級集団帰属意識尺度作成の試み en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=In this study, factors of "Belongingness to Classroom Group" among high school students of today were clarified and the correlations with "School Morale" and "Adaptation to School Life Scale" were also investigated under the structure of those factors. To begin with, items of factors of "Belongingness to Classroom Group" were collected from 145 students and 46 questionnaires were selected from concrete situations meeting their mental reality. After that, factor analysis was done on the scores and three factors "Acceptance from Class", "Class Unity" and "Obstacle to Belonging" were extracted. By doing the reliability analysis, it is understood that sufficient reliabilities have been confirmed on these three factors. Also, significant correlations were observed with all tests done in parallel and therefore we think that the construct validity has been supported. kn-abstract=本研究では、現代の高校生における学級集団への帰属意識の要因を明確にし、その学級集団への帰属意識の要因の構造をもとに、高等学校における学級集団への帰属意識とスクールモラールや、学校生活適応感尺度との関連性について考察した。まず、145名の高校生から学級集団への帰属意識の規定要因についての項目を収集し、高校生の心的リアリティーに添った具体的場面での46の質問項目を選定した。学級集団への帰属意識尺度の得点について因子分析を行ったところ、「学級からの受容」、「学級のまとまり」、「帰属阻害感」の3因子が抽出された。各因子尺度の信頼性分析により、信頼性が確認された。また、全ての並行検査との間に有意な相関がみられることから構成概念妥当性が支持されたと考える。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HondaKimiko en-aut-sei=Honda en-aut-mei=Kimiko kn-aut-name=本多公子 kn-aut-sei=本多 kn-aut-mei=公子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=InoueShoji en-aut-sei=Inoue en-aut-mei=Shoji kn-aut-name=井上祥治 kn-aut-sei=井上 kn-aut-mei=祥治 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=帰属意識 (Belongingness) kn-keyword=帰属意識 (Belongingness) en-keyword=高等学校 (High School) kn-keyword=高等学校 (High School) en-keyword=学級集団 (Classroom Group) kn-keyword=学級集団 (Classroom Group) en-keyword=心的リアリティー (Mental Reality) kn-keyword=心的リアリティー (Mental Reality) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=2 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=47 end-page=59 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2002 dt-pub=2002 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Caracter Education and Its Mnanagement in an Elementary School in Kansas City, U.S.A. kn-title=アメリカの小学校に見る品性徳目教育とその運用 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=This paper is to introduce the actual management of Education in one public elementary school in Kansas City, U.S.A., according to the teachers' management plans of this school, printed matters for students and some textbooks about character education for teachers. Additionally this paper shows the change of moral education in the U.S.A, the comparison of traditional moral education with character education and teachers' checklists to facilitate class descussion. Character education manages in school district units beyond class, grade and school. As a result, all elementary schools, middle schools and high schools of this district have the same target cahracters. They study eight-target characters for a school year. This discussion aims to develop not only the moral judgement ability but also the practical one. These charactres were used to estimate children's extracurricular and volunteer activities and to contact their parents about students' problem bahavior. They might believe that communities and families work everyday to instill the same kinds of character in children. Therefore character education functions schools, parents and communities work together to further their goals as they work to help build a kinder and more responsible. kn-abstract=本稿は、アメリカで近年取り組み始めた品性徳目教育について、著者の子どもたちをアメリカの小学校に通わせた体験、あるアメリカの小学校で実際に用いられている校内研修用資料、一般書店で販売されている教師用手引をもとに、品性徳目教育の内容と実際の学校での運用を具体的に紹介するものである。内容的には、アメリカの道徳教育の変遷、品性徳目教育と従来の道徳教育との比較や学校での実際の運用の仕方、クラス討論の仕方に関する資料を取り上げた。アメリカの学校で行われている品性徳目教育は、学校やクラスごとに定められたものではなく、学校区全体で定められ、幼稚園から高校まで共通となっている。小学校では、毎月一つずつ取り上げて討論し、道徳的思考力を高めるだけでなく、実際に行動できるように実行力を養うことに力が入れられている。係の仕事の評価、問題行動の更生のためにも品性徳目がベースとなっており、児童の問題行動について保護者とコミュニケーションを取る際にも役立っていた。未来の良き市民と育成することを目標に、親切でより温かみのある、責任感ある地域社会をつくるため、地域と学校が品性徳目を要として連携し、子どもを育んでいこうとする姿が窺えた。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AokiTazuko en-aut-sei=Aoki en-aut-mei=Tazuko kn-aut-name=青木多寿子 kn-aut-sei=青木 kn-aut-mei=多寿子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=品性徳目 (Character Education) kn-keyword=品性徳目 (Character Education) en-keyword=道徳教育 (Moral Education) kn-keyword=道徳教育 (Moral Education) en-keyword=クラス討論 (Class Discussion) kn-keyword=クラス討論 (Class Discussion) en-keyword=学校行事 (Management of School) kn-keyword=学校行事 (Management of School) en-keyword=生徒指導 (Behavior Program) kn-keyword=生徒指導 (Behavior Program) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=2 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=9 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2002 dt-pub=2002 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Bringing Up the Pupils Who Solve the Problems Subjectively: Creation of the Curriculum of "Hours of Integrated Studies" kn-title=主体的に問題を解決していく子どもの育成―「総合的な学習の時間」の教育課程の創造― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=Towards the full enforcement of the newly revised Course of Study from the year of 2002, newly designed "Hours of Integrated Studies" are tackled positively, although various kinds of teaching units have been titled, only these are many activities. There is no learning there, they say. Our school, from 1999, as a reserch developing school appointed by Ministry of Education, has been studying the curriculum to establish pupils' basic scholarship, researching the mutual relationships and their evaluations among the general subjects, moral hours and special activity hours with the "Hours of Integrated Studies". The followings are the resluts. kn-abstract=2002年度の学習指導要領完全実施に向けて、新しく創設された「総合的な学習の時間」の積極的な取り組みがなされている。しかし、単元の内容開発が多く、「活動あって、学びなし」の批判の声を耳にするようになった。本校は、1999年度から、文部科学省指定研究開発校として、「総合的な学習の時間」と「教科・道徳・特別活動」との関係や「総合的な学習の時間」の3つの内容の相互関係や評価を中心に、基礎的な学力の一層の定着を図る教育課程の研究開発を行ってきた。その開発した内容について述べることにする。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KobayasiMotoyuki en-aut-sei=Kobayasi en-aut-mei=Motoyuki kn-aut-name=小林元之 kn-aut-sei=小林 kn-aut-mei=元之 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=総合的な学習の時間 kn-keyword=総合的な学習の時間 en-keyword=教科・道徳・特別活動との関係 kn-keyword=教科・道徳・特別活動との関係 en-keyword=評価 kn-keyword=評価 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=131 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=141 end-page=153 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2006 dt-pub=20060315 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=集団効力感に関する理論的・実証的研究　―文献展望、学級集団的効力感、教師集団効力感作成の試み― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The purpose of this study was to develop an instrument to measure the group efficacy in classroom, and teachers' work group. After reviewing of research on group efficacy in educational settings, A new version of the Group Efficacy Inventory was developed. In the Study1, A new version of the Group Efficacy in Classroom and School Moral Test was conducted by 233 elementary school students in the 5 and 6 grades. Factor analysis of scales of the Group Efficacy in classroom for elementary school resulted in 3 factors (Active commitment to life of classroom, Autonomy, Out-school activity). In the Study2, A new version of the Group Efficacy Classroom and School Moral Test was conducted by 303 secondary shool students. Factors analysis of scales of the Group Efficacy in Classroom for secondary school resulted in 2 factors (Activity of classroom, School celemony). In the Study3, A new version of the Group Efficacy in teachers' work group and organizational commitment test was conducted by 202 school teacheers. Factor analysis of scales of Group Efficacy in teachers' work group resulted in 3 factors (Organizational behavior in the school, educational goal, Pupils' guidance). Teachers who gave high weight to scales of the Group Efficacy in tearchers' work group had more positive evaluation of organizational commitment. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FuchigamiKatsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Fuchigami en-aut-mei=Katsuyoshi kn-aut-name=淵上克義 kn-aut-sei=淵上 kn-aut-mei=克義 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImaiNao en-aut-sei=Imai en-aut-mei=Nao kn-aut-name=今井奈緒 kn-aut-sei=今井 kn-aut-mei=奈緒 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiyamaHisako en-aut-sei=Nishiyama en-aut-mei=Hisako kn-aut-name=西山久子 kn-aut-sei=西山 kn-aut-mei=久子 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KamadaMasafumi en-aut-sei=Kamada en-aut-mei=Masafumi kn-aut-name=鎌田雅史 kn-aut-sei=鎌田 kn-aut-mei=雅史 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=group efficacy in educational settings kn-keyword=group efficacy in educational settings en-keyword=teachers' work group kn-keyword=teachers' work group en-keyword=organizational commitment kn-keyword=organizational commitment en-keyword=classroom kn-keyword=classroom END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=43 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=11 end-page=17 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1974 dt-pub=1974 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Effect of Sun-Drying on the Morality of Immature Rice Weevils, Sitophilus zeamais MOTSCH.(Coleoptera, Curculionidae) kn-title=土用干しのコクゾウ駆除効果 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In Japan farmers follow the custom of exposing grain to the sun's heat after passing of the rainy season to destroy insect infestation and to preserve it afterwards. The effect of this practice on the mortality was investigated for the various developmental stages of the rice weevil in kernels of naked barley. The mortality index (D per cent) was calculated as follows : D= C / C-Cx x 100 In this expression C and Cx represented the numbers of adult emerging from the untreated and treated samples respectively. The relationship between calculated percentage mortality index (y) and amount of insolation (x) received during the period of exposing was found to be expressed in the equation, y = axb, where a and b were calculated constants. First to third instar larvae were relatively sensitive to insolation and showed measurable mortality by the shortest exposing of ten minutes, while fourth instar larvae and pupae had no, effect of that exposing. All developmental stages of insect were killed by about 100 cal. amount of insolation. The effect of exposing to sun's heat on germination of naked barley was also investigated. There were no significant differences in gemination among control and experiments including five hours exposing. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YoshidaToshiharu en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Toshiharu kn-aut-name=吉田敏治 kn-aut-sei=吉田 kn-aut-mei=敏治 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END