Es wurde am Kaninchenuterus durch Behandlung mit Yohimbin die erregende Wirkung des Adrenalons, Tyramins, Histamins, Phenylathylamins, Tetrahydro-β-naphthylamins, Pituitrins und Calciums analysiert. 1. Die erregende Wirkung des Adrenalons ist, ebenso wie die hemmende, sympathischer Natur. 2. An der Erregung durch Tetrahydro-β-naphthylamin scheint ausser der vorwiegenden Muskelwirkung auch eine sympathische Wirkung beteiligt zu sein, die letztere wurde aber weogen ihrer Verdeckung durch die erstere bisher an diesem Organe nicht nachgewiesen. 3. Phenylathylamin ubt manchmal auf den Kaninchenuterus eine hemmende Wirkung aus, die nach meiner Auffassung auf einer Erregung der hemmenden Sympathikusfasern beruht. 4. Die erregende Wirkung der 5 Gifte, Tyramin, Phenylathylamin, Pituitrin, Histamin und Kalzium, am Kaninchenuterus beruht auf derjenigen auf die Muskeln selbst. Da aber die hemmende Wirkung dieser Gifte, welche am Kaninchenuterus in gewissen Zustanden und auch beianderen Tieren nachogewiesen werden kann, als eine Wirkung sympathischer Natur anzusehen ist, so ist es sehr wahrscheinlich, dass diese Gifte auch den fordernden Sympathikus mitangreifen, wenn sich auch dres hier wegen starker Erregung des Muskels nicht nachweisen lasst. Nach den Resultaten scheint das Yohimbin in dieser Beziehung fast dieselben Dienste zu leisten wie das Atropin. Doch hat es den Vorteil. dass es in den Dosen, welche die neuromuskulare Verbindung der fordernden Sympathikusfasern lahmen keine Muskellahmung hervorruft, obwohl wir, gerade bei uns, ziemlich oft solche Praparate des Atropins antreffen, welche die glatten Muskeln sehr fruh lahmend angreifen.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamauchiMasashi en-aut-sei=Yamauchi en-aut-mei=Masashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=1 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=51 end-page=56 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1928 dt-pub=192812 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=On a new Trematode Podocotyle ayu n. sp. from the Intestine of Plecoglossus altivelis (T. and S.) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakahashiShozo en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Shozo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=1 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=57 end-page=96 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1928 dt-pub=192812 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Uber die Veranderung der Schmidt-Lantermannschen Einkerbungen beim Regenerations-und Degenerations-Prozess der Nerven en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IkedaT. en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=1 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=123 end-page=138 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1929 dt-pub=192906 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Uber die genetischen, zyklischen und Schwangerschafts-veranderungen des Golgischen Apparates in den Epithelzellen des Eileiters und Uterus beim Kaninchen en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1 . Der Golgische Apparat in den Epithelzellen des Eileiters. Bei jungen Kaninchen tritt der Golglsche Apparat in die Erscheinung als ein einfaches Geflecht, das nur aus einigen dunnen, leicht gewundenen Fadchen besteht. Der Apparat liegt dabei im oberen Abschnitt des Zellkoipers. In diesem Stadium geht aber seine Entwicklung sehr langsam vor sich. Sobald die Tiere die Pubertat erreichen, entwickelt sich der Apparat mehr oder weniger deutlich, ohne seine Lage zu andern. Andererseits treten in diesem Stadium auf der Zellbasis einige grobe, kugelformige Schollen auf, die mit der Uransilbermethode gut impragnierbar sind. Sie vermehren sich mit der Zeit mehr oder weniger und ballen sich teilweise nicht selten zu einer unregelmassigen Masse zusammen. Die Vermehrungsweise der Schollen ist wie folgt : In erster Linie entsteht in der Mitte jeder Scholle eine kugelfbrmige, schwer impragnierbare Masse, die sich langsam vergrossert. Der gut impragnierbare Abschnitt der Scholle wird durch die Vergrosserung der Masse Schritt fur Schritt starker gedruckt, um sich endlich in eine ringformige, dunne Schicht zu verwandeln. Schliesslich reisst die dtinne Schicht an einer Stelle, wobei sie die Form eines C zeigt,. Sie bildet dann einen langen Faden, der sich von dem abgeschnittenen Ende an allmahlich dehnt. Im weiteren Verlauf zerfallt jeder Faden in kurze Stabchen oder Korner. Diese Stabchen oder Korner vergrossern sich nach und nach, um endlich die Grosse der genannten Schollen zu erreichen. Wahrend der Brunstzeit entwickelt sich der Apparat besonders lebhaft, wobei er sich nach der Zelloberflache ausdehnt und ein grosses, dichtes Knauel bildet. Die oben erwahnten Schollen an der Zellbasis nehmen dabei an Zahl ziemlich stark zu. In der ersten Schwangerschaftswoche lasst der Apparat eine weitere Entwicklung erkennen. Am Ende dieses Stadiums findet man ihn gewohnlich direkt unter der Zelloberflache. Die Schollen im basalen Teil des Zelleibes vermehren sich noch mehr und verschieben sich teilweise in den oberen Abschnitt des Zellkorpers. In der zweiten Schwangerschaftswoche zerfallt der Apparat in Stabchen oder Kornchen, die allmahlich ihre Impragnierbarkeit einbtissen. Die Schollen, die schon von der Zellbasis in die obere Halfte des Zellkorpers ubergegangen sind, scheinen sich mit den Apparatelernenten zu vermischen und nach und nach sich in dieselben zu verwandeln. In der dritten Schwangerschaftswoc,he verschwinden die eigentlichen Apparatelemente fast ganzlich, und an ihre Stelle treten augenscheinlich Kornchen oder Stabchen, die den von der Zellbasis nach oben emporsteigenden Schollen entstammen. Die im basalen Teil der Zelle zurtickbleibenden Schollen pflegen am Ende der Schwangerschaft nach und nach abzunehmen, um endlich ganz zu verschwinclen. 2. Der Golgische Apparat in den Eplthelzellen des Uterus. a. Der Golgziche Apparal in den Epljhels;ellen des Uteruskorpers. Bei jungen Kaninchen ist der Golgische Apparat undeutlich und liegt in der Nahe der freien Zelloberflache. Er besteht nur aus einigen leicht gewundenen und zu einem kleinen Geflecht zusammengeballten Fadchen. Seine Entwicklung geht in diesem Stadium sehr schwach vor sich. Wahrend der Ptrbertat s pringt seine Entwicklung aber sehr deutlich in die Augen. Wenn die Tiere brunstig sind, so wird der Apparat besonders deutlich, d. h. seine Fadchen vermehren sich stark und verwickeln sich dicht miteinander. So entsteht ein relativ grosses und grobes Knauel. In der ersten Schwangerschaftswoche erleidet der Apparat noch keine nennenswerte Veranderung. In der zweiteti Woche dagegen wird seine Entwicklung viel deutlicher, und in der dritten zerfallt der ganze Apparat in Stabchen oder Kornchen. Eine geringe Anzahl von ihnen steigt dann in den basalen Plasmagtirtel des Zellkorpers ab. In der vierten Woche vermindern sich allmahlich die Apparatelemente mit der Zeit, um endlich ganz zu verschwinden. b. Der Golgische Apparatf in den Eplithelgellen der Uterusdrussen. Der Golgische Apparat zeigt im grossen und ganzen dasselbe Verhalten wie in den Epithelzellen des Uteruskorpers, nur dass die in Zerfall geratenen und direkt unter der Zell oberflache gebliebenen Apparatelemente nicht ganzlich verschwinden, u. z. selbst am Ende der Schwangerschaft. c. Der Golgische Apparat in den Epljhel:sellen der Zermkaldrtisen. Bei jungen Kaninchen liegt der Golgische Apparat dicht an dem Zellkern an, wobei er meistens eine kornige Struktur zeigt. Wahrend der Pubertat verschmelzen sich aber die Kornchen miteinander und bilden endlich am oberen Ende des Kerns ein wenn auch undeutliches Netz. Die Entwicklung des Appa rates geht nachher mehr oder weniger mit der Zeit vor sich, wobei seine Lage sich gegen die Zelloberflache verschiebt. In der zweiten Schwan gerschaftswoche bietet der Apparat eine dichte, aber unregelmassige Knauelfonn dar und liegt dicht unter der Zelloberflache. Dieser Befund lasst sich aber auch in der dritten und vierten Schwangerschaftswoche beobachten. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IkedaTamotu en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Tamotu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=1 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=246 end-page=276 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1929 dt-pub=192906 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Uber Isolierung des Bakterienprazipitins und des anaphylaktischen Antikorpers, sowie uber Identitat der Immunkorper en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HakuHisao en-aut-sei=Haku en-aut-mei=Hisao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=1 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=299 end-page=382 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1929 dt-pub=192906 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Pathologische Veranderungen des Gehororgans, bedingt durch galvanische Reizung en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Wenn man die oben erwahnten Versuchsresultate zusammenfasst, so sieht man gemeinsame klinische und histologische Befunde bei verschiedenen Tieren, obwohl es leichte Unterschiede zwischen den Tierarten gibt. Diese Resultate sind in nicht wenigen Punkten ganz anders als die in den bisherigen Mitteilungen. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OdaDaikichi en-aut-sei=Oda en-aut-mei=Daikichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=1 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=140 end-page=146 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1929 dt-pub=192906 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Uber die durch Kalium- und Kalziuminjektion beim Kaninchen bewirkte Veranderung der Gefasswand en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Aus der histologischen Untersuchung der antagonistischen Wir-kung von Kaliumchlorid und Kalziumchlorid auf die Gefasswand, ins-besonders auf ihre glatten Muskelzellen, ergibt sich folgendes : 1. Durch Kaliumchloridinjektion wird das Blutgefass stark diinn-wandig und abgeplattet, wobei sein Querschnitt bedeutend an Lange zunimlnt . 2. Dagegen wird das Gefass infolge der Kalziumchloridinjektion stark dickwandig und zei(gt einen kreisformigen Querschnitt, der ein offenes, wenn auch enges Lumen aufweist. 3. Die Muskelzellen werden durch beide Salze am starksten beein-flusst, im Gegensatz zu den elastischen und kollagenen Fasern, die beide fast unverandert bleiben. 4. Die Wirkung der beiden Salze auf die glatten Muskelzellen ist gerade entgegengesetzt ; durch Kaliumchlorid werden diese viel langer und schmaler, durch Kalziumchlorid dagegen bedeutend kurzer und breiter. 5. Die Ursache dieser Erscheinungen lasst sich m.E. wie folgt erklaren : Im Falle von Kaliumc,hlorid lockert sich die Plasmahaut auf, und viel Salz dringb in den Zelleib ein, was eine starke Veranderung seiner kolloidalen Struktur und daher die Lahmung der Zelle mit sich bringt. Durch Verlust der Kontraktibilitat verlangern sich die Muskel-zellen und werden schmaler und langer. Im Falle von Kalz.iumchlorid verhindert die Verdichtung der Plasma,haut das Eindringen des Salzes in den Zelleib, sodass die Muskelzellen ihre Kontraktionsfahigkeit behalten und auf den Reiz des Salzes sich verkurzend reagieren. 6. Die lrrterzellularraume werden durch Kaliunlchlorid weiter. dagegen durch enger. Im allgemeinen wirkt das erstere lockernd und das let,zbere verdichtend auf das Gewebe. 7. Die Gestalt der Muskelzellen Kerne wird durch Kaliumchlorid stabchenartig, dagegen durch Kalziumchlorid mehr rundlich, was aber hauptsachlich als Folgeerscheinung der Zellenumgestaltung zu deuten ist. Zum Schlusse erfulle ich hier mit die angenehme Pfiicht. Herm Prof. K. Kosnku fur seine fieundliche Auleitung meinen herzlichsten Dunk auszusprechen. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TanakaTatu en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Tatu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=1 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=190 end-page=196 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1929 dt-pub=192906 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Zur Kenntnis der Fuchsinkornchen in den ekkrinen Schweissdrusen (I. Mlitteilung) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1. Die Fuchsinkornchen in den Schweissdrusen konunen nur in den Epithelzellen der e-Drusen vor, nicht aber in den a-Drusen, und zwar weder im Ausfuhrungsgang noch im Drtisenlumen ; sie treten ferner in den e-Drusen in der Nahe der a-Drusen nicht auf. 2. Es scheint daher den e-Drusen an den Orten der a-Drtusen, z. B. in der Achselhohle, ein etwas anderesbiologisches Verhalten zueig-nen als den e-Drusen an den gewohnlichen Hautstellen. Dies legt die Vermutung nahe, dass noch eine andere Form von Schweissclrusen als die bisher allein angenommenen zwei Gattungen, d. h. die a- und e-Drusen, oder wenigstens eine Ubergangsform zwischen diesen zwei Drusenarten vorhanden ist. Zum Schluss mochte ich Herrn Prof. Dr. Minami ftur seine uberaus freund-liche Anleitung meinen ergebensten Dank aussprechen. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ArataIchiro en-aut-sei=Arata en-aut-mei=Ichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=1 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=147 end-page=157 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1929 dt-pub=192906 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Uber die Veranderung des Golgischen Apparates und der Mitochondrien bei den mit Cholesterin oder Lezithin behandelten Tieren en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IkedaTamotu en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Tamotu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=1 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=278 end-page=298 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1929 dt-pub=192906 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Uber den Einfluss des elektrischen Stromes und die Wirkung verschiedener Ionen auf die Nervenzellen, insbesondere auf ihre Nisslschen Schollen en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Uberall springt die Veranderung im Falle des Galvanisationsversuches in die Augen, wenn man sie mit der der Kontrolle vergleicht. Dies ist nicht bloss auf die Wirkung der Warme zurtickzuftihren, sondern die Annahme lieogt nahe, dass die Wirkung der Salze durch den elektrischen Strom gefordert wird, indem die kataphorisch bewegenden Ionen leicht in die Zelle eindringen konnen. Dabei macht sich ein physiko-chemischer Vorgang geltend, der eine Veranderung der kolloidalen Zellsubstanz zur Folge hat. Die alkalischen Kationen dringen mit Wasser zusammen in den Zelleib ein. Dies wird zum Anlass einer Aufquellung der Zellen wobei die Nisslschen Kornchen sich nicht zu grosseren Kornchen vereinigen konnen, sondern durch eine Wasserschicht getrennt als feine Granula zuruckbleiben. Diese Veranderung ist bei Anwendung von Kaliumsalzen am bedeutendsten, und zwar deshalb, weil K-Ion eine grossere Wanderungsgeschwindigkeit hat und infolgedessen leicht in die Zelle eindringen kann. Dasselbe gilt auch fur NH-Ion, welches ein sehr grosses Eindringungsvermogen hat und auf die. Zelle noch starker wirkt als K-Ion. Dagegen dringen die lonen der Erdalkalien im allgemeinen nur schwer in den Zelleib ein, bleiben vielmehr eine Zeit lang ausserhalb der Zelle, der sie Wasser entziehen. Die Folge davon ist, dass die Zellen zusammenschrumpfen uud in ihrer Umgebung eine Lucke entsteht. Die Nlsslschen Schollen werden durch Mangel an Wasser dichter, sodass die ganze Zelle in die Pyknose verfallt. Diese Veranderung ist im Falle von Ca" am starksten, wahrend sie im Falle von Mg" in den Hintergrund tritt, sodass die Wirkungsstarke sich folgendermassen reihen lasst : Ca">Sr">Ba">Mg". Die Kationen der Schwermetallsalze haben im allgemeinen die Eigenschaft, Kolloide koagulieren zu lassen und als Protoplasmagift zu wirken ; vor allenl zerstOren Cu" und Ni" die Zellmembrane. Die Anionen haben uberhaupt die Eigenschaft, die Plasmahaut zu lockern und das Kolloid des Zelleibes aufquellen zu lassen. Verschie dene strukt,uelle durch sie verursachte Veranderungen beruhen nur auf verschiedene Graden ihrer Wirkung, die bei den Haloiclen und Salzen der organischen Sauren am starksten ist. Die mehrwertigen Anionen, wie S04", vermbgen nur mit Schwierigkeiten in die Zelle hineinzugelangen. Daher wirken sie auf die Zelle wasserentziehend, was zur Folge hat, dass jede Zelle von einer Lticke umgeben ist. Fe(CN)6"", ein zusammengesetztes lon, hat ein grosses Gewicht und kann fast gar nicht in die Zelle eindringen, wobei die Zelle keine nennenswerte Veranderung erleiclet. Im Gegensatz zu den Anionen, dle auf die Zellen aufquellend wirken, haben die Kationen im allgemeinen die Eigenschaft, das Zellkolloid koagulieren zu lassen, weil ihre elektrische Ladung der des let,zberen geracle entgegesetz ist. Doch sind sie mehr oder weniger mit einer Wasserhtille versehen, welche die Zellen anschwellen lasst, und diese Folgeerscheinung macht, sich vor allenl im Falle von K und NH4 geltend. Was Vakuolen im Zelleib anbetrifft, so decken sich meine Befuncle mit denen von Izawa und Carrado nur wenig, indem die Vakuolen in meinen Fallen in den Hintergrund treten, was wahrscheinlich darauf zuruckzufuhren ist, dass ich bei meinen Versuchen einen viel schwacheren elektrischen Strom anwendete. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AkiyamaSeiroku en-aut-sei=Akiyama en-aut-mei=Seiroku kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=1 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=158 end-page=165 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1929 dt-pub=192906 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=On the Blood-Picture (especially Blood-Platelets and reticulated red Cells) and Blood Sedimentation of an ankylostomiasic Patient en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1. In the cases of ten healthy men, the number of blood-platelets amounted to 260,000 at the smallest and to 300,000 at the largest as it was determined by Fonios method. 2. The number of blood-platelets in the ankylostomiasic case is equal to the upper limit of the number of blood-platelets of a healthy man or even exceeds it. It amounts to an average of three hundred and sixty-one thousand, not running parallel with the intensity of anemia, and seems to return to its normal value before the convalescence of anemia which follows the extermination of worms. 3. Corcerning the other blood-pictures, hemoglobin and red blood corpuscles, nothing noteworthy was found within the field of prede-cessors' works, and the reticulated red cells were normal or increased slightly in number. 4. The velocity of blood sedimentation increases, generally coinciding with the intensity of anemia. At the conclusion. I wish to express my cordial thanks to Prof. K. Kukinuma, for his unfaubiling guidbauce aud revision of my results. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TsunashimaYoshito en-aut-sei=Tsunashima en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=1 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=173 end-page=182 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1929 dt-pub=192906 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Uber den Ort der Bilirubinbildung und seine klinische Bedeutung en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Wenn irh die Ergebnisse misse meiner Unersuc hungen kurz zusammen-fasse, so ergibt sich das folgende : 1. Das retikuloendotheliale System im ganzen Korper und auch das der Milz und Leber sowie Kupferschen Sternzellen bilden gleicher Weise nur das indirekt reagierende Bilirubin. 2. Die Leberparenchymzellen bilden kein Bilirubin. 3. Die Leberparenchymzellen wandeln die indirekte Reaktion des von dem allgemeinen Relikuloendothelsystem und den Sternzellen stammenden Bilirubins in die direkte um . 4. Die Bllirubinbildung an der Milz von haemolytischem lkterus ist bei den DurchstrOmungsversuchen starker als die bei normalen und anderen pathologischen Menschennrilzen. 5. Es gibt zwei Gruppen von haemolytischem lkterus, namlich lokalen und allgemeinen. Das Wesen des lokalen, haemolytischen lk-terus ist die Funktionsveranderung irgendeines begreuzten Retikuloen-dothels, z. B. der Milz ; und wenn sein Wesen nur in der Milz begrenzt ist, wird die Bilirubinbildung staker als bei den normalen und patho-logischen Milzen und bei dem allgemeinen haemolytischen lkterus bei den Durchstromungsversuchen an den exstirpierten Milzen. 6. Der lokale haemolytische lkterus ist leicht heilbar, wenn sein Wesen nur in der Milz begrenzt ist, aber der allgemeine haemolytische lkterus schwer heilbar durch die Milzexstirpation. Am Schlusse dieser Arbeit ist es mir eine angenehme Pflicht. Herrn Prof. Dr. Izunn meinem hcchverehrten Lehrer und Chef, fur die Anregung zu dieser Arbeit und seine vielfach geliehene Untersttitzung meinen herzlichen Dunk auuszus prechen . en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakakibaraToru en-aut-sei=Sakakibara en-aut-mei=Toru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=1 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=197 end-page=216 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1929 dt-pub=192906 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Uber die epitheloiden Histiozyten nach Hamazaki. I. Abteilung. Studien uber die epitheloiden Histiozyten des Brustfells. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Obige Resultate konnen folgendermassen zusammengefasst werden : Die epitheloiden Zellen sind meist die von der Brusthhohle in die Milchflecke einwandernden Histiozyten, welche einmal in die Brust-hohle eingewandert sind und ihre Pflicht erfiillt haben, und zum Teil sind sie die beina,he in die Brusthohle auswanderenden Histiozyten. Solche Vorgange dilrften physiologisch stet,s stattfinden und sollen fur den Abwehrprozess der Brusthohle eine grosse Rolle spielen. Es ist merkudrdig, dass die epitheloiden Histiozyten bei der intra-verleosen Lithionkarmininjektion wegen ihrer spezifischen Lokalisation fur die Karminspeicherung schwach positiv oder negativ sind. Es ist interessant, dass die in die Brusthohle zuruckkehrenden Wanderhistio-zyten sich nur in den Milchflecken ansarnmeln. Aber wir haben keinen Anhalt fur die Beantwortung der Frage, warum die Wanderhistiozyten sich mit Vorliebe in den Milchflecken arsammeln. Vor kurzer Zeit erforschten Hamazaki und Watanale die Verteilung der intravenos einge-fuhrten Karminzellen in den verschiedenen Organen und Geweben. Sie kamen zu dem SGhlusse, dass die Verieilung der Karminzellen bei-nahe mit derjenigen histiozytarer Zellen bei normalen Zustanden (Reti-kulo-Endothelien im weiteren Sinne) ubereinstimme. Diese Feststellung ist sehr reizvoll, besonders im Hinblick auf die Tatsache, dass sich in den Milchflecken physiologisch zahllose histiozytare Zellen finden. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HayakawaMasatoshi en-aut-sei=Hayakawa en-aut-mei=Masatoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=1 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=217 end-page=245 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1929 dt-pub=192906 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Uber die epitheloiden Histiozyten nach Hamazaki. II. Abteillung. Studien uber die wandstandigen epitheloiden Zellen der Lungenalveolen. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Wenn man die obigen Versuche uberblickt, kann man die kern haltigen wandstandigen Zellen der. Alveolen in 2 Arten klassifizieren. Die ein.e Art ist die eigentliche Alveolarepithelzelle, die andere ist die epitheloid geformte besondbre Zelle. Bei der Impragnation versehen sich beide mit Kittlinien, aber zwischen ihnen sind deutliche morpholo gische Unterschiede vorhanden. Der Kern der Epithelzelle ist rundlich oder oval und hat ieichlich Chromatinsubstanz. Jedoch sind Chroma tinnet,z und Chrornatinknoten undeutlich. Der Kern liegt stets in der Mitte des Zelleibes. Der Kern der epitheloiden Zelle dagegen ist oval oder nierenformig, und wenn er auch ovar ist, hat er meist irgendwo eine unbedeutende Einkerbung. Der Chromatingehalt ist verhaltniss massig gering, dessenungeachtet sind Chromatinnetz und Chromatinknoten deutlich. Der Kern liegt meist in der Peripherie des Zelleibes. Das Protoplasma der Epithelzelle und der epitheloiden Zelle sind reich lich, aber jenes ist mit Farbungslbsung fast gar nicht gefarbt und ist durchsichtig, dieses dagegen ist amphophil oder basophil. Die Epi thelzelle ist kubisch, die epit,heloide Zelle kubisch cder polygcnal geformt. Die epitheloide Zelle hat zum Silber eine starkere Affnitat als die Epithelzelle und sieht demgemgemss bei der Silberimpragnation dunkler braunlich aus. Diese epitheloide Zelle liegt mit Vorliebe an der Stelle, wo 2 - 3 Alveolarwande sich vereinigen. Bei den intratrachealen Einftihrungsversuchen von Lithionkarmin losung wandert die Majoritat der epitheloiden Zellen in die Alveolarlumen aus und speichert das Karmin deutlich, aber kurze Zeit nach der Injektion bleiben nur noch einige der karmingespeicherten epit heloiden Zellen wandsta,ndib"" haftend. Die Epithelzellen dagegen speichern das Karmin nicht. Diese karmingespeicherten Zellen phagozytieren meist gleichzeitig eine geringe Menge von Staubchen. Mit Ritcksicht auf diese Tatsachen ist es fast zweifellos, dass diese alveolarwandstandibien epitheloiden Zellen zu den Histiozyten gehoren. Aber diese epitheloiden Zellen sind bei der intravenosen Vitalfarbung nach den bisherigen Angaben fur Farbstoffspeicherung nega tiv, nur fur die lokale Vitalfarbung stark positiv. Eine Schule von Autoren (Aschoff, Westhues. Seemann, Seewell etc.) betrachtet diese wand standigen epitheloiden Zellen als Epithelzellen, weil solche bei intravenoser Vitalfarbung negative Zellen nicht als Histiozyten angesehen werden konnen ; weiter behauptet diese Schule, dass ihre morphologische und funktionelle. Umwandlung in eine den Makrophagen ahn liche Gestalt durch eine gewisse Aktivierurng zum Vorschein kommt,. Demgegenuber behaupten Klyono, mashima, Sakamto, Ukazea etc., dass diese epithelbiden Zellen histiozytarer Natur sind. Als Ursache dafur, dass diese Zellen bei der intravenosen Vitalfarbulung fur Farbstoffspei cheruneg negativ sind, geben Sakamoto und Mashima an, dass die Endothelien der Lunlgengefasse bis zu einem gewissen Grade das Heraus stromen eines bestimmten Blutbestandteiles verhindern, um die Alveolarlumen normalerweise leer zu halten, und dass sie demgemass auch das Heraustreten des Farbstoffes verhindern, weshalb die epitheloiden Zellen das Karmin nicht speichern konnen. Wenn man die impragnierte Lunge der Katze, welche vorher mit der intravenos injizierten Lithionkarminlosung vital gefarbt wurde, untersucht, so findet man auch bei nicht so stark vital gefa,rbten Fallen die karmingespeicherten Zellen, welche an der Alveolarwand wand stadig liegen und sich mit den Kittlinien versehen, welche mit denjenigen der benachbarten Epithelzellen in Verbindung stehen. Auch im Alveolarseptum unter den Deckepit,helien finden sich zahlreiche Brust,fells (S. I.. Abteilung.) bei der intravenosen Vitalfarbung fur Farbstoffspeicherung schwach positiv sind, zum Vergleich mit den oben erwahnten Resultaten heranzieht, so ist leicht zu verstehen, dass die wandstandigen epitheloiden Histiozyten der Alveolen durch ihre spezi fische Lage fur Farbstoffspeicherung schwach positiv sind. Aus den obigen Resultaten konnen wir ruhig schliessen, dass die Hlstiozyben im normalen Zustande zwischen den Alveolarepithelien wandstandig vorhanden sind, und dass sie auf den Reiz reagierend in die Alveolarlumen auswandern, um die Fremdkorper oder den Farbstoff zu phagozytieren. Deshalb miissen diese epitheloiden Histiozyten eine wichtige Einrichtung darstellen fhr die Abwehrprozesse der Alveolarlumen, welche mit der Aussenwelt direkt in Verbindung stehen und haben ihren Ursprung in den histiozytaren Zellen des Alveolarseptums. Diese Tatsache kann auch gleichzeitig die lrrigkeit der bisjetzt gelten den Ansicht aufzeigen als ob die, wandstandigen Zellen der Alveolen bei der intravenosen Vitalfarbung niemals den Farbstoff speicherten. Im Hinblick auf diese Tatsache muss die histiozytare Theorie von dem Vorwurf eines Widerspruches befreit werden und die epitheliale Theorie den Grund, auf dem sie sich autbaut, verlieren. Weiter injizlerte ich die karmingespeicherten Zellen intratracheal in die Lunge, um das Schicksal dieser in die Alveolarlumen eingefuhrten Zellen zu erforschen. Schon 24 Stunden nach der Injektion findet man fast keine karmingespeicherten Zellen mehr in den Alveblarlumen. Die Majoritat dieser karmingespeicherten Zellen liegt wandstandig an hafbend an den Alveolarwanden, einige von ihnen strecken ihre mit Karmingranula gefdllten zyboplasmatischen Fortsatze in die interzel lularen Lticken hinaus, die anderen sind schon ins .Alveolarseptum eingedrungen. Diese karmingespeicherten Zellen phagozytieren oft gleichzeitig Staubchen. Die Majoritat der alveolarwandstandigen Karminzellen sit,zt mit Vorliebe zwischen den Epithelien an der Stelle, wo sich 2 -.3 Alveolarwande vereinigen. Solche Einwanderungsvorgange der Wanderhistiozyten des Alveolarlumens mtissen auch im normalen Zustande stattfinden. Betreffs eines Wetges der Resorption der feinen Korperchen im Alveolarlumen gab ich einen sicheren Beweis dafur, dass die feinen Korperchen zum Teil von den Wanderhistiozyten ins Lungengewebe transportiert werden. Es ist eine auffallend interessante Tatsache, dass die in die Alveolarlumen eingeftihrten Karminzellen sich mit Vorliebe an der Stelle ansammeln, wo sich 2 - 3 Alveolarwande vereinigen also da, wo sich auch die epitheloiden Histiozyten im normalen Zustande ansammeln. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HayakawaMasatoshi en-aut-sei=Hayakawa en-aut-mei=Masatoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=1 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=166 end-page=172 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1929 dt-pub=192906 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Vergleichende Studien uber den feinen Bau der Pfortader und Lebervenen en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MiyakeMasao en-aut-sei=Miyake en-aut-mei=Masao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=1 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=183 end-page=189 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1929 dt-pub=192906 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Uber den Einfluss der Gallensaure auf den Phlorizindiabetes en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1. Die durch Zufuhr von Phlorizin bewirkte Hypoglyanue bleit durch Grallensaure (Cholsure)-Zufuhr fast unbeeinflusst. 2. Die experimentelle, durch Injektion von Phlorizin erzeugte Glykosurie wird durch Zufuhr von Gallensaure stark herabgesetzt. 3. Die Zufuhr von Gallensaure ftihrt ohne Ausnahme zur Ver-mehrung des Glykogens in der Leber und im Muskel des mit Phlorizin ver gifteten Kaninchens. 4. Aus dem oben Erwahnten geht hervor, dass die Gallensaure gegen das Phlorizin antagonistisch wirkt. Diese antagonistische Wir-kung scheint mir dadurch zustande zu kommen, dass die Gallensaure die durch das Phlorizin nicht gestorte synｔhetische Wirkung der Leber und des Muskels in einem Sinne der Phosphatese fordert. Ferner ergibt sich, dass die Herabsetzung der Phlorizinglykosurie bei Gallensaurezufuhr durch die vermehrte Glykogenbildung irn Orga-nismus bedingt ist. Zum Schlusse danke ich dem Unterrichtsministerium ergebenst fur dns ge-wahrte Stipendium. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SekitoTadao en-aut-sei=Sekito en-aut-mei=Tadao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=77 end-page=83 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1952 dt-pub=195201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on Complement Fixation Test in a Mouse Immuni?zed with Japanese B Encephalitis Virus. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1) I designed a new micro-method for complement fixation test by means of a capillary pipette. 2) By this method, the complement-fixing antibodies in an individual mouse could be tested without taking its life. 3} The complement fixation titers in mice immunized with Japanese B encephalitis had a considerable individuality. 4) An adjuvant containing anhydrous lanoline and paraffin-oil, when mixed with Japanese B encephalitis vaccine, was effective to potent complement-fixing antibody productions in mice to this antigen.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HiokaT. en-aut-sei=Hioka en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=84 end-page=98 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1952 dt-pub=195201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on the Me?chanism of Bile Pigment Formation in Vivo. Part Ⅰ. On the Cor?relation between the Production of Bile Pigments and Functions of the Parenchymal Cells of the Liver. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1. In normal adults and in patients of non-hepatic diseases a transient hyperbilirubinemia occurs after peroral administration of hemolysed blood. 2. In cases of severe anchylostomiasis the serum bilirubin displays a remarkable decrease, and on imposition of hemolysed blood, no hyperbilirubinemia occurs but a relative one may be seen. 3. In patients with highly impaired functions of the parenchymal cells of the liver, neither absolute nor relative hyperbilirubinemia occurs on similar imposition of hemolysed blood. 4. Imposed blood or hemoglobin seems primarily to be phagocytosed by the reticulo-endothelial system. 5. A similar transient hyperbilirubinemia is also seen in rabbits after peroral imposition of hemohsed blood. 6. When the functions of the reticulo-endothelial system are accelerated by administration of "Koha", even incases of nonimposition of blood a hyperbilirubinemia occurs, but when hemolysed blood is imposed an additional transient increase in the hyperbilirubinemia may be detected. 7. In cases of blockage of the reticulo- endothelial system, this degree in the occurrence of hyperbilirubinemia is somewhat lower. 8. In cases of impaired liver cells by carbon tetrachloride, this decline is especially remarkable, and only a tendency of occurence can be dected. Since it is very difficult to explain this fact only by the co-existing impairment in the reticulo-endothelial system, the decline in the functions of the parenchymal cells of the liver must be placed under consideration. 9. By absorption tests of the intestines and by serological procedures, it is apparent that the perorally administerred hemoglobin may be readily absorbed from the jejunum, under any of these conditions. 10. Consequently, as for the cause of the hyperbilirubinemia occurring after peroral administration of hemolysed blood, most naturaly the reticulo-endothelial system participates, but it is impossible to neglect the part payed by the parenchymal cells of the liver.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamaokaKenji en-aut-sei=Yamaoka en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KosakaKiyowo en-aut-sei=Kosaka en-aut-mei=Kiyowo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ArijiShigeru en-aut-sei=Ariji en-aut-mei=Shigeru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=98 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1952 dt-pub=195201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on the Helminth Fauna of Japan. Part 49. Cestodes of Fishes, II. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Caryophyllaeidae Claus, 1879 1. Glaridacris limnodrili Yamaguti, 1934 Bothriocephalidae Blanchard, 1849 2. Bothriocephalus fluviatilis n. sp. 3. B. lateolabracis n. sp. 4. B. branchiostegi n. sp. 5. B. acheilognathi Yamaguti, 1934 6. B. brotulae n. sp. 7. B. apogonis n. sp. 8. Oncodiscus sauridae Yamaguti, 1934 9. Glossobothrium nipponicum n. g., n. sp. Amphicotylidae Ariola, 1899 10. Amphicotyle quinquarii n. sp. 11. Eubothrioides lamellatus n. g., n. sp. Phyllobothriidae Braun, 1900 12. Phyllobothrium triacis n. sp. 13. P. filiforme n. sp. 14. P. serratum n. sp. 15. P. laciniatum (Linton, 1889) 16. P. loculatum n. sp. 17. P. squali n. sp. 18. P. lactuca van Beneden, 1850 19. Anthobothrium rajae n. sp. 20. A. pteroplateae n. sp. 21. A. bifidum n. sp. 22. A. parvum Stossich, 1895 23. Orygmatobothrium musteli (van Beneden, 1850) 24. O. versatile Die3ing, 1854 25. Monorygma megacotyla n. sp. 26. Pithophorus vulpeculae n. sp. 27. Echeneibothrium bifidum n. sp. 28. E. tobijei Yamaguti, 1934 29. Marsupiobothrium alopias n. g ., n. sp. 30. Dinobothrium spinulosum n. sp. 31. Gastrolecithus planus (Linton, 1922) n. g. Onchobothriidae Braun, 1900 32. Acanthobothrium triads n. sp. 33. A. micracantha n. sp. 34. A. latum n. sp. 35. A. gracile n. sp. 36. A. dasybati Yamaguti, 1934 37. A. ijimai Yoshida, 1917 38. A. grandiceps n. sp. 39. Calliobothrium verticillatum (Rud., 1819) van Bened., 1850 40. Platybothrium auriculatum n. sp. 41. P. musteli n. sp. Aberrant Tetraphyllidea 42. Pelichnibothrium speciosum Montic., 1889 43. Discobothrium japonicum Yamaguti, 1934 Tentaculariidae Poche, 1926 44. Nyelinia manazo n. sp. 45. N. sphyrnae n. sp. Floricipitidae Dollfus, 1929 46. Floriceps uncinatus (Linton, 1924) Tetrarhynchidean larvae 47. Pintneriella musculicola Yamaguti. 1934 48. Microbothriorhynchus coelorhynchi n. g., n. sp. 49. Oncomegas wageneri (Linton, 1890) 50. Pterobothrium chaeturichthydis n. sp. 51. P. hira n. sp. 52. Callotetrarhynchus speciosus (Linton, 1897) 53. Symbothriorhynchus uranoscopi n. g., n. sp. 54. Nybelinia anguillae n. sp. 55. N. nipponica n. sp. 56. Otobothrium dipsacum Linton, 1897
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamagutiSatyu en-aut-sei=Yamaguti en-aut-mei=Satyu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=99 end-page=109 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1952 dt-pub=195201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on the Cytochrome C Oxidase Activities and Analysis of the Glycolysis and High Energy Phosphorus Compounds in the Normal Bacteria and those Fast to the Antibacterial Com?pounds. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The following results were obtained through the experiments on the cytochrome c oxidase activities and the analysis of the glycolysis and high energy phosphorus compounds in the normal bacteria and those fast to penicillin, sulfathiazol, 2.4-dimethylthiazdl, and macramin. 1. In the normal bacteria, the cytochrome c oxidase activities, glycolysis and high energy phosphorylated cycles increase accordto the order of S.57 s-type<S.57 r-type<staphylococcus aureus F. D. A. strain <staphylococcus aureus Terazima strain. 2. In the bacteria fast to penicillin originated these normal bacterial strain, the cytochrome c oxidase activities, glycolysis and high energy phosphorylated cycles increase, especially glycolysis. 3. In the bacteria fast to sulfathiazol, there are shown the same results as in the case of penicillin. 4. In the bacteria fast to 2.4-dimethylthiazol, the cytochrome c oxidase activities decrease, glycolysis increases markedly and high energy phosphorylated cycle decreases. 5. In the bacteria fast to macramin, these activities and cycles show no specific changes.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KanehisaTeiki en-aut-sei=Kanehisa en-aut-mei=Teiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=135 end-page=145 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1952 dt-pub=195206 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=On the Effects of X-Rays upon Enzyme Acti?vity. II. On the Effect of X-Rays upon the Proteolytic Action of Papayotin. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1. The proteolytic action of papayotin is activated by X-ray irradiation with 60 r and 1000 r, and inhibited with 200 r and 400 r. 2. The influences of X-rays upon papayotin are direct and remain unchanged for definite periods of time. 3. The proteolytic action of papayotin show wavy phenomena which correspond to the time and dose of the X-ray irradiation. 4. The proteolytic action of papayotin is considered to be inhibited by the decomposition products (polypeptides) of substrate only in the presence of some other factors.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KagawaKunikichi en-aut-sei=Kagawa en-aut-mei=Kunikichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=199 end-page=202 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1952 dt-pub=195206 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Pathological Studies on an Atomic-Bomb Radiation Case en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The cause of the death due to the atomic-bomb radiation is yet unknown definitely and the same can be said of shock brought about by the atomic-bomb. It cannot be said with certainity that infection of pathogenic bacteria concerns in the mortality, for even minor injuries did not often escape bacterial invasion from any part of the whole body. In this case the progress was same to a symptom of agranulocytosis, namely collapse, chill, fever, red throat or ulcerative stomatitis and from the reason of the heavily infected tonsils, although cultures were not made, there are reasons to consider it as agranulocytosis angina. The interpretation of the histologic changes observed in this patient, is rendered difficult not only by the factor of infection, but by the possible influence of one damaged organ upon another. From the histological changes there were the destruction of the epithelium of the gastro-intestinal organs, the atrophy of the testis and the necrosis of the tonsils, but the most noteworthy was the changes in the bone-marrow. The hyperplasia of the reticulum cells, the disappearance of the hematopoetic foci, and the great quantity of mitotic figures in the myeloid cells observecl in this case are found in many of the atomic-bomb victims died approximately one month after the exposure. This is a case of the death caused by aplastic anemia with infective complication or in orther words symptomatic agranulocytosis caused by the atomic-bomb radiation with sepsis.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HamazakiY. en-aut-sei=Hamazaki en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShiraishiM. en-aut-sei=Shiraishi en-aut-mei=M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=146 end-page=204 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1952 dt-pub=195206 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Parasitic Worms mainly from Celebes. Part 1. New Digenetic Trematodes of Fishes. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=While I was on duty with the Naval Institute of Tropical Hygiene at Macassar, Celebes, during World War Ⅱ, I had the opportunity to examine various wild and domestic animals for parasites, these animals being taken mainly from Celebes. Since the parasitic worms of this island had not yet been worked out at any length, an opportunity for collecting in this part of the world yielded much interesting material. I collected a fairly large amount of material from monkeys, buffaloes, birds, lizards, snakes and fishes, the latter being examined very carefully from the stand-point of prevention of parasitic infections transmitted from fish to man. Domestic fowl and small wild birds were also examined for intestinal parasites during my study on avian malaria carried out at the institute. Unfortunately I managed to bring back to Japan by air only a part of the collection before the termination of the war. The greater part of the collection shipped to me subsequently by air mail suffered serious damage in transit, and for this reason description and illustrations are based almost exclusively on mounted slides.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamagutiSatyu en-aut-sei=Yamaguti en-aut-mei=Satyu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=114 end-page=119 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1952 dt-pub=195206 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on the Mechanism of Bile Pigment Formation in Vivo. II. On the Process of Intrahepatical Production of Bilirubin. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1. When hemolysed blood is administered orally to rabbits, in cases of healthy and those with blocked reticulo-endothelial systems, a transient increase in the verdohemoglobin (M. Engel) is seen in circulating blood, while in that of rabbits with impaired parenchymal liver cells, no such increase occurs. 2. On irrigation of hemolysed blood through rabbit livers, in healthy rabbits production of indirect bilirubin may be demonstrated while in that with blockage of the reticulo-endothelial system or with impaired liver parenchymal cells, this may not be seen. Moreover, in this case of blockade of the reticulo-endothelial system. production of verdohemoglobin may be demonstrated. while none whatsoever may be demonstrated in cases of impaired liver parenchmal. On the other hand on irrigation of verdohemoglobin and biliverdin solutions, in healthy and in impaired liver parenchymal cell cases, production of bilirubin may be observed while absolutely none was detected in cases of blocked reticulo-endothelial systems, 3. Concluding from the results stated above and those of clinical experiments stated elsewhere, the following process is assumed: when blood is imposed on the organism it is primarily phagocytosed by the reticulo-endothelial system, next dissolved to verdohemoglobin {M. Engel) in the parenchymal cells of the liver, and then dissolved into globin, iron, and biliverdin in the reticulo-endothelial system, of which biliverdin is further reduced to bilirubin. A portion of this remains in the circulating blood as indirect bilirubin, while the majority of it is esterized in the parenchymal cells of the liver, and proceeds to the bile ducts as direct bilirubin.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamaokaKenji en-aut-sei=Yamaoka en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KosakaKiyowo en-aut-sei=Kosaka en-aut-mei=Kiyowo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimamuraTokuichi en-aut-sei=Shimamura en-aut-mei=Tokuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyakeTomoshi en-aut-sei=Miyake en-aut-mei=Tomoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=120 end-page=134 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1952 dt-pub=195206 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on the Mechanism of Bile Pigment Formation in Vivo. III. On the Transition of Biliverdin, and Bilirubin in the Bile of Rabbits. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1. In the bile of rabbits, the metabolisms of biliverdin and bilirubin are in a solucible state, and which have a ratio of 2: 1 in normal animals. 2. In the production of biliverdin, the liver, especially the parenchyma of the liver has a very important role, while that of the reticulo-endothelial system is rather minor. However, in the case of glucose administration, the reduction of bilirubin from biliverdin is performed in the reticulo-endothelial system, thus conferring an important part of this system. 3. The production of bilirubin is performed primarily extrahepatically, and the participation of the extrahepatical reticuloendothelial system is of a conservative nature, thus denying us any willingness to agree to the theory of bilirubin production in the reticulo-endothelial system. 4. On administration of hemolysed blood, bile pigments in bile demonstrate a remarkable increase, while as compared when injected into the auricle veins in cases of administration through the portal vein a decline in the functions of the liver reticulo-endothelial system is seen, causing a decrease in biliverdin amount. In the former modus of administration, an occasional stimulation of the liver reticulo- endothelial system is seen, causing reduction of biliverdin to bilirubin. 5. Concluding from these facts, biliverdin in rabbit bile occupies the role of an intermediate product in the production and metabolism of bilirubin.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamaokaKenji en-aut-sei=Yamaoka en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KosakaKiyowo en-aut-sei=Kosaka en-aut-mei=Kiyowo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoYoshio en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Yoshio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=296 end-page=318 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1953 dt-pub=195305 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Ein Neues Verfahren zur Messung der Bakteriziden F?higkeit des Vollblutes en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Das oben erwahnte Verfahren hat vor den anderen Methoden besonders die Vorzuge, 1) daβ man dadurch zu einem sicheren Resultat gelangen und gleichzeitig auch jedes Datum mit exakten Ziffern zum Ausdruck bringen kann, 2) daβ bei diesem Verfahren keineswegs erforderlich ist, eine bestimmte Anzahl von Keimen einschlieβende Bakterienaufschwemmung herzusteHen und auch Kontrollversuch anzustellen, 3) daβ es von den Fehlern des Mischverhaltnisses zwischen der Bakterienlosung und dem Blut nicht so erheblich beeinfluβt wird, und 4) daβ man durch dieses Verfahren gleichzeitig mehrere bakterientotende Faktoren untersuchen kann. Ferner hat dieses Verfahren auch den Vorzug, daβ es praktisch sehr einfach auszufuhren ist und nur 6 Stunden nach der Blutentnahme bereits das Ergebnis liefert. Es gestattet ferner, die bakterizide Kraft des Blutes gleichzeitig bei 6 - 8 Menschen zu untersuchen, was mich zur Uberzeugung fuhrt, daβ es in der Klinik hochgeschatzt werden wird. Auch das Verfahren und die ebenfalls vom mir aufgestellte Formel zur zusammenfassenden Beurteilung kann man nach meinem Erachten durch entsprechende Veranderungen einiger Faktoren ohne jede Schwierigkeiten auch fur andere Bakterienarten anwenden. Man wird wohl gegen eine einzige Lucke dieses Verfahrens, daβ die mikroskopische Untersuchung und die Berechnung allzu verwickelt zu sein scheint, Einwand erheben, eine Lucke, zu deren Schluβ jedoch nur eine kurzfristige Ubung erfordert wird, durch welche die mikroskopische Untersuchung innerhalb 30 Minuten, die Berechnung nur in 5 Minuten vollendet werden kann. (Zur Berechnung bedarf es einer Gauss'schen Logarithmentafel.) Obgleich das geschilderte Verfahren noch viele, genauere Prufungen erheischende Punkte in sich einschlieβt, muβ es hier, wenn auch in Grundzugen, jetzt schon angefuhrt werden,. da ich der festen Uberzeugung bin, daβ es im Vergleich zu den bisherigen Methoden ein dem wirklichen Wert der Bakterizidie des Vollblutes im lebenden Organismus viel naheres Resultat liefert.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=JinnaiDennosuke en-aut-sei=Jinnai en-aut-mei=Dennosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=319 end-page=328 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1953 dt-pub=195305 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Experimental Study on the Correlation between the Tubar Stenosis and the Professional Deafness en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=It has long been a clinically and experimentally well recognized fact that the hearing organs of man and animal would be impaired by the excessive sound stimuli. It has also been pointed out that the hearing organ of each man is not always impaired in the same degree by the same noise, and their impairments show the individual variation in a considerable range. It is indeed not too difficult to imagine, that, under the same acoustic condition, such individual variation of the acoustic impairment owes to the inherent disposition of each man. But at the same time, this individual variation may more or less owe to the patency of the ear tube; the normal tube having a physiological function to control the unnecessary acoustic stimuli, and on the contrary, the stenosed tube being devoid of this function, induces more impairment of the hearing organ. This latter suggestion, which occured to the author, led him to attempt the following experiment.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TanakaKeiichi en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Keiichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=203 end-page=265 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1953 dt-pub=195305 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Parasitic Worms mainly from Celebes. Part 2. Monogenetic trematodes of fishes en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=I. Dactylogyridae Bychowsky, 1933 1. Ancyrocephalus macrogaster n. sp. 2. Ancyrocephalus bilobatus n. sp. 3. Ancyrocephalus spinicirrus n. sp. 4. Ancyrocephalus platycephali n. sp. 5. Haliotrema alatum Yamaguti, 1942 6. Haliotrema lutiani n. sp. 7. Haliotrema caesionis n. sp. 8. Haliotrema upenei n. sp. 9. Metahaliotrema scatophagi n. g., n. sp. 10. Metahaliotrema arii n. sp. 11. Pseudohaliotrema (Pseudohaliotrema) sphincteroporus n. g., n. sp. 12. Pseudohaliotrema (Pseudohaliotrema) sigani n. sp. 13. Pseudohaliotrema (Pseudohaliotrematoides) fusiforme n. subg., n. sp. 14. Hamatopeduncularia arii n. g., n. sp. 15. Diplectanum serrani n. sp. 16. Pseudolamellodiscus sphyraenae n. g., n. sp. 17. Lamellodiscus flexuosus n. sp. 18. Lamellodiscus convolutus n. sp. 19. Lamellodiscus difficilis n. sp. 20. Lamellodiscus duplicostatus n. sp. 21. Diplectanocotyla gracilis n. g., n. sp. II. Capsalidae Baird, 1853 22. Benedenia synagris n. sp. III. Mazocraeidae Price, 1936 23. Kuhnia scombri (Kuhn, 1829) Sproston, 1945 24. Kuhnia otolithis n. sp. IV. Discocotylidae Price, 1936 25. Allodiscocotyla chorinemi n. g., n. sp. 26. Vallisia chorinemi n. sp. 27. Protomicrocotyle celebesensis n. sp. V. Microcotylidae Taschenberg, 1879 28. Metamicrocotyla bora n. g., n. sp. 29. Metamicrocotyla filiformis n. sp. 30. Heteromicrocotyla carangis n. g., n. sp. 31. Gotocotyla mesercei n. sp.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamagutiSatyu en-aut-sei=Yamaguti en-aut-mei=Satyu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=257 end-page=299 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1953 dt-pub=195305 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Parasitic Worms mainly from Celebes. Part 3. Digenetic Trematodes of Fishes, II. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Bucephalidae Poche, 1907 1. Prosorhynchus longicollis n. sp. 2. Rhipidocotyle khalili Nagaty, 1937 Allocreadiidae Stossich, 1904 3. Helicometra epinepheli Yamaguti, 1934 4. Opeehona scombri Yamaguti, 1938 5. Pseudopecoeloides tenuis Yamaguti, 1940 Schistorchiidae Yamaguti, 1942 6. Schistorchis sigani Yamaguti, 1942 7. Apocreadium synagris n. sp. Fellodistomidae Nicoll. 1913 8. Symmetrovesicula ehaetodontis Yamaguti, 1938 Monorchiidae Odhner, 1911 9. Lasiotocus lethrini n. sp. Heterophyidae Odhner, 1911 10. Paracryptogonimus aeanthostomus Yamaguti, 1934 Gyliauchenidae Ozaki, 1933 11. Gyliauchen nahaensis Ozaki, 1937 12. Gyliauehen papillatus (Goto et Matsudaira, 1918) Hemiuridae Luhe, 1901 13. Parahemiurus clupeae n. sp. 14. Aphanurus harengulae Yamaguti, 1938 15. Aphanurus dorosomatis n. sp. 16. Aponurus laguncula Looss, 1907 17. Aponurus synagris n. sp. 18. Lecithochirium priacanthi n. sp. 19. Lecithochirium longicaudatum n. sp. 20. Lecithocladium parviovum n. sp. 21. Lecithocladium megalaspis n. sp. 22. Lecithocladium angustiovum n. sp. 23. Lecithocladium scombri n. sp. 24. Tubulovesicula angusticauda (Nicoli, 1915) 25. Magnacetabulum leiognathi n. sp. 26. Hysterolecitha nahaensis Yamaguti, 1942 27. Hysterolecithoides epinepheli Yamaguti, 1934 28. Lecithaster stellatus Looss, 1907 Angiodictyidae Looss, 1902 29. Hexangium sigani Goto et Ozaki, 1929 Didymozoidae Poche, 1907 30. Didymozoon spirale Yamaguti, 1938 31. Didymozoon brevicolle Yamaguti, 1938 32. Unitubulotestis carangis n. g., n. sp.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamagutiSatyu en-aut-sei=Yamaguti en-aut-mei=Satyu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=423 end-page=450 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1954 dt-pub=195403 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on Allergic Genesis of Idiopathic Epi?lepsy en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In such animals not having any organic changes in their brains during the initial stage showed a descendence of convulsive threshold. abnormal findings in their electroencephalogram and ascending activity of ChE. But what is the cause of these functional changes? First, from the fact that though there was no organic changes, they were sensitized and reiniected by a known antigen, which is obviously an antigen-antibody reaction. Second, from the fact that we got a histological.change, which was acknowledged as C.L.A. changes by increasing the concentration of these solution and the number of injections, it could be thought that these functional changes were caused by what I called latent C.L.A.. That is, it seems it could be thought that it would give functionally a permanent hypersensitivity, which is called convulsive arrangement. Furthermore, a similar histological findings as seen in old epileptics were made experimentally after prolonged and repeated injections of very diluted antigens. I believe it can be said, also from this histological point that they are experimental epileptics. But I am not trying to say that idiopathic epilepsy is the same allergic disease as asthma. If it was so, it should offer clinically a problem of eosinophilia in the blood of epileptics. But actually there is no eosinophilia in epileptics. Also, in adult epileptics, convulsive attacks is not often seen soon after introduction of antigens. Consequently, my theory that epilepsy is allergic, does not mean that allergy is the direct cause of epileptic attacks. What I mean is, the causal genesis of idiopathic epilepsy is hypersensitivity of nerve cells in the brain. This hypersensitivity was attained as a tissue reaction by some allergic mechanism without any organic changes. This functional change gives the nerve cell a hypersensitive state, which becomes the base of the beginnihg of convulsion. Its inducement of attack could be water stagnation in the body, anemic state of the brain, alkalosis, or introduction of allergens. In short, the cause of attack does not always come from allergic reactions.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=JinnaiDennosuke en-aut-sei=Jinnai en-aut-mei=Dennosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=414 end-page=426 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1954 dt-pub=195403 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Two New Species of Aedes (Culicidae, Diptera) from Japan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In 1951 the junior author reported two unnamed species of the genus Aedes from Mt. Hakusan, Ishikawa Prefecture, suggesting the first species to be related to Aedes (Ochlerotatus) punctor. An examination made by the senior author on large numbers of additional specimens collected at the same locality in 1952 and 1953 has revealed that each of the two represents a new species, so that Aedes (Ochlerotatus) hakusanensis is proposed for the first species, and Aedes (Aedes) pseudoesoensis for the second species.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamagutiSatyu en-aut-sei=Yamaguti en-aut-mei=Satyu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TamabokoRyozo en-aut-sei=Tamaboko en-aut-mei=Ryozo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=375 end-page=386 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1954 dt-pub=195403 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Parasitic Worms mainly from Celebes. Part 7. Cestodes of Reptiles en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Anoplocephalidae Kholodk., 1902 1. Oochoristica celebesensis n. sp. Dilepididae Fuhrmann, 1907 2. Ophiovalipora micracantha n. sp. Proteocephalidae La Rue, 1911 3. Acanthotaenia shipleyi von Linstow, 1903
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamagutiSatyu en-aut-sei=Yamaguti en-aut-mei=Satyu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=341 end-page=353 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1954 dt-pub=195403 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Parasitic Worms mainly from Celebes. Part 5. Trematodes of Mammals en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Lecithodendriidae Odhner, 1910 1. Phaneropsolus simiae n. sp. Heterophyidae Odhner, 1914 2. Galactosomum canis n. sp. Paramphistomidae Fischoeder, 1901 3. Explanatum explanatum (Creplin, 1857) 4. Paramphistomum cervi (Schrank, 1790) 5. Calicophoron cauliorchis (Stiles et Goldberger, 1900) 6. Ceylonocotyle εcoliocoelium (Fischoeder, 1901) 7. Fischoederius elongatus (Poirier, 1883) Fasciolidae Railliet, 1895 8. Fasciola hepatica Linne, 1758
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamagutiSatyu en-aut-sei=Yamaguti en-aut-mei=Satyu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=393 end-page=408 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1954 dt-pub=195403 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Helminth fauna of Mt. Ontake. Part 2. Trematoda and Cestoda en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=I. Trematodes of mammals 1. Brachylaemus tokudai n. sp. 2. Acanthatrium ovatum Yamaguti, 1939 II. Cestodes of frogs 3. Baerietta montana n. sp. 4. Baerietta claviformis n. sp. III. Cestodes of? birds 5. Choanotaenia barbara Meggitt, 1926 IV. Cestodes of mammals 6. Hymenolepis apodemi n. sp.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamagutiSatyu en-aut-sei=Yamaguti en-aut-mei=Satyu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=329 end-page=341 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1954 dt-pub=195403 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Parasitic Worms mainly from Celebes. Part 4. Trematodes of reptiles and birds en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=I. Trematodes of reptiles 1. Cyathocotyle crocodili n. sp. 2. Pseudoneodiplostomum (Pseudoneodiplostomoides) crocodili n. subg. n. sp. 3. Acanthostomum crocodili n. sp. II. Trematodes of birds 4. Plagiorchis maculosus (Rud., 1ε02) 5. Echinochasmus bagulai Verma, 1935
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamagutiSatyu en-aut-sei=Yamaguti en-aut-mei=Satyu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=353 end-page=376 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1954 dt-pub=195403 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Parasitic Worms mainly from Celebes. Part 6. Cestodes of Fishes en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Onchobothriidae Braun, 1900 1. Balanobothrium tenax Hornell, 1912 2. Balanobothrium stegostomatis n. sp. 3. Phoreiobothrium sp. Hornelliellidae n. fam. 4. Hornelliella annandalei (Hornell, 1912) n. g. Austramphilinidae Johnston, 1931 5. Gyrometra albotaenia n. g., n. sp.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamagutiSatyu en-aut-sei=Yamaguti en-aut-mei=Satyu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=386 end-page=392 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1954 dt-pub=195403 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Helminth fauna of Mt. Ontake. Part 1. Nematoda and Acanthocephala en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=I. Nematodes of fishes 1. Rhabdochona amago Yamaguti, 1935 II. Nematodes of frogs 2. Cosmocerca japonica Yamaguti, 1938 3. Cosmocercoides pulcher Wilkie, 1930 4. Oswaldocruzia bialata (Molin, 1860) 5. Rhabdias montana n. sp. III. Nematodes of mammals 6. Protospirura muris (Gmelin, 1890) 7. Heterakis spumosa Schneider, 1866 8. Longistriata wolgaensis Schulz, 1926 IV. Acanthocephala of frogs 9. Acanthocephalus lucidus van Cleave, 1925
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamagutiSatyu en-aut-sei=Yamaguti en-aut-mei=Satyu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=406 end-page=414 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1954 dt-pub=195403 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Parasitic Worms from Celebes. Part 8. Acantho?cephala en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Echinorhynchidae Cobbold, 1879 1. Acanthocephalus bufonis (Shipley, 1903) Rhadinorhynchidae Travassos, 1923 2. Rhadinorhynchus celebesensis n. sp. 3. Filisoma indicum van Cleave, 1928 Quadrigyridae van Cleave, 1920 4. Pallisentis gaboes (MacCallum, 1918) van Cleave. 1928 Gigantorhynchidae Hamann, 1892 5. Empodius sp. Neoechinorhynchidae Hamann, 1892 6. Neoechinorhynchus longilemniscus n. sp.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamagutiSatyu en-aut-sei=Yamaguti en-aut-mei=Satyu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=9 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=81 end-page=104 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1954 dt-pub=195412 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Action of Antihistamines on the Lymph Formation and Its Effect on the Action of Some Lymphagogues en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Increase of capillary permeability is the chief symptomatic reaction of various pathologic states, especially that of localized inflammation, and this is the characteristic pharmacological properties of histamine at a far smaller concentration than that of any other chemical substances (Lewis, 1927; Crammer and Hele, 1944). There are numerous observations as to the diminishing effect of antihistamines on the flare and wheal caused by histamine and the inhibition by antihistamines of localized accumulation of intravenously injected dyes, such as trypan blue, referable to intradermal injection of histamine (for refs. cf. Loew, 1947; Fe?nberg et al., 1950). As for the inhibition of capillary permeability by antihistamines, some maintain that this action is limited to the case where such permeability has been increased by histamine (Wells, Morris and Dragstedt, 1946; Netter, 1947; Rigdon, 1949), but no single and decisive conclusion can yet be given.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamasakiHidemasa en-aut-sei=Yamasaki en-aut-mei=Hidemasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MayedaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Mayeda en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=9 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=122 end-page=135 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1954 dt-pub=195412 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Parasitic worms mainly from Celebes. Part 9. Nematodes of Fishes en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Camallanidae Railliet et Henry, 1915 1. Procamallanus annulatus n. sp. 2. Procamallanus spiralis Baylis, 1923 Cucullanidae Cobbold, 1879 3. Cucullanus sigani n. sp. 4. Cucullanus armatus n. sp. 5. Cucullanus exiguus n. sp. 6. Cucullanus arii n. sp. Heterocheilidae Railliet et Henry, 1915 7. Contracaecum arii n. sp. 8. Contracaecum sp. 9. Anisakis sp. 10. Porrocaecum sp. Larval Nematodes 11. Contracaecum larvae 12. Porrocaecum larvae 13. Raphidascaris larvae
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamagutiSatyu en-aut-sei=Yamaguti en-aut-mei=Satyu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=9 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=25 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1954 dt-pub=195412 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Experimental Studies on Adversive Movement en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Adversive movement was first reported in 1870 by Fritsch and Hitzig when they said that when gyrus Sylvii was stimulated electrically the eyes moved to the opposite side of the stimulation. Vogt and Foerster made a detailed report on adversive movement, which is a rotary motion of the head, trunk and both eyes. But in their report, they did not make it clear what tracts the stimulation took. Mitsueda, who iS under Hayashi, defined the cortical area of the eye balls and the eye lids. He reported that they were of the extrapyramidal kind. Russel reported that when the cerebellum was stimulated the eye balls moved to the side of the stimulation, but did not say anything about adveraive movements which concerned the movement of the head and the trunk. Therefore, to ascertain the center of adversive movement and its tract the following experiments were performed. For stimulation electrical ones and chemical ones using metrazol (cardiazol) were used. As Ishizuka, who is under Hayashi, has proved excitement is only seen when cardiazol is injected among the nerve cells at a certain concentration, and it is not seen when injected among the nerve fibres.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=JinnaiDennosuke en-aut-sei=Jinnai en-aut-mei=Dennosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OgawaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Ogawa en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=9 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=26 end-page=69 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1954 dt-pub=195412 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Experimental Studies on the March of Spasm During Epileptic Convulsion en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=March of spasm in epileptic convulsions was first observed by Tackson in 1863, when he said that in certain epileptic convulsions there is a phenomenon, where the convulsion starts from a certain muscle group and gradually spreads to other muscle groups. He called this, "march of spasm" and reported that it spreads according to the arrangement of motor representations in Rolando's area of the cerebral cortex. Since then, many important studies concerning the cerebral motor cortex were performed and reported. Recently, when Erickson had brought out a method in measuring electroencephalographic waves, Jackson's theory has been acknowledged. In Japan, Hayashi and his school has made an extensive study on epileptic convulsion. They used nicotine, cardiazol and others as chemical stimulations and decided the conduction tract of epileptic convulsion in dogs. The characteristic part of chemical stimulation is that, the nelve cells excite themselves when it is injected directly among them in certain concentrations and do not excite themselves when performed among nerve fibers. This was proved by Ishizuka. We used this method in dogs to see what was the mechanism of this phenomenon, "march" which is seen in epileptic convulsions and what tracts they took for conduction. And as its result, we found new facts that the presence of the motor cortex was needed for the march of spasm, and the conduction tract descending from the lenticular nucleus were quite different from Hayashi and his school had previously reported.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=JinnaiDennosuke en-aut-sei=Jinnai en-aut-mei=Dennosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaTakakazu en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Takakazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SoujiTerumichi en-aut-sei=Souji en-aut-mei=Terumichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KosakaFutami en-aut-sei=Kosaka en-aut-mei=Futami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=9 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=70 end-page=80 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1954 dt-pub=195412 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=On the Effects of X-rays upon Enzyme Activity. III. Several Experiments on Optimum Dose, Blind Point, Inter?relation to Effectors and etc en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Recently Kagawa found out that when the enzyme (papayo tin) substrate (gelatin) mixture had been previously irradiated with X-rays the amount of decomposition products varied in comparison with the unirradiated mixture. He thought that such a quantitative difference of fermentative products might be due to the influence of X-rays on the enzyme action. Therefore the author attempted, in the first place, to determine the optimum dose of X-rays in the proteolytic action of papayotin; in the second place, the relation between the effects of activator and inhibitor respectively and of X-rays; and finally the activity of papayotin after the papayotin substrate mixture as well as after the substrate in the mixture was irradiated.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ImamuraShizuo en-aut-sei=Imamura en-aut-mei=Shizuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=9 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=105 end-page=123 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1954 dt-pub=195412 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on the Helminth Fauna of Japan. Part 51. Mammalian Nematodes, V. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Strongylidae Baird. 1853 1. Trichonema goldi Boulenger. 1916 2. T. poculatum (Looss. 1900) 3. T. longibursatum (Yorke et Macfie. 1918) 4. T. bicoronatum (Looss. 1900) 5. Bourgelatia diducta RaiJJiet. Henry et Bauche. 1919 6. Gyalocephalus capitatus Looss, 1900 7. Oesophagostomum columbianum Curtice. 1890 8. Chabertia ovina (Gmelin. 1790) RailIiet et Henry. 1909 Trichostrongylidae Leiper. 1912 9. Trichostrongylus axei (Cobb., 1879) RaiJJiet et Henry. 1909 10. T. colubriformis (Giles. 1892) Ransom. 1911 11. Haemonchus contortus (Rud., 1803) 12. Ostertagia circumcincta (Stadelmann. 1894) Ransom. 1907 13. Cooperia curticei (Giles. 1892) Ransom. 1907 14. Heligmosomum costellatum (Duj., 1845) Railliet et Henry. 1909 15. Longistriata wolgaensis Schulz. 1926
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamagutiSatyu en-aut-sei=Yamaguti en-aut-mei=Satyu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=9 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=134 end-page=152 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1954 dt-pub=195412 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Parasitic worms mainly from Celebes. Part 10. Nematodes of Birds and Mammals en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Acuariidae Seurat, 1913 1. Cheilospirura hamulosa (Dies., 1851) Spiruridae Oerley, 1885 2. Arduenna strongylina (Rud., 1819) Railliei et Henry, 1911 Physalopteridae Leiper, 1908 3. Physaloptera tumefaciens macaci n. subsp. Strongylidae Baird, 1853 4. Oesophagostomum maurum Hung, 1926 5. Oesophagostomum dentatum (Rud , 1803) 6. Ternidens simiae n. sp. 7. Globocephalus simiae n. sp. 8. Bourgelatia didueta Railliet, Henry et Bauche, 1928 9. Stephanurus dentatus Diesing, 1839 Trichostrongylidae Leiper, 1912 10. Mecistocirrus digitatus (v. Linstow, 1906) Railliet et Henry, 1912 Filariidae Claus, 1885 11. Setaria labiatopapillosa (Aless., 1838) 12. Setaria Bernardi Railliet et Henry, 1911 Trichuridae Railliet, 1915 13. Trichuris trichiura (Linne, 1771) Stiles, 1901
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamagutiSatyu en-aut-sei=Yamaguti en-aut-mei=Satyu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=5 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1956 dt-pub=195601 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Diacetyl as Acetyl Donor en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Diacetyl can serve as an acetyl donor for the forlnation of citrate and the acetylation of sulfanilamide in the dog heart homogenate. Diphosphothiamine and coenzyme A are essential for these reactions.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShinagawaToshiro en-aut-sei=Shinagawa en-aut-mei=Toshiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiiTakao en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Takao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OoishiTetsuya en-aut-sei=Ooishi en-aut-mei=Tetsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=11 end-page=29 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1956 dt-pub=195601 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on Bile Pigments I. Separation of Natural Indirect Bilirubins en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Descriptions are carried on the method how to separate the indirect bilirubin from the chloroform extracts of the dried dog's gallbeadder bile by adsorption chromatography. 1. The optimal concentrations of the bilirubin content were 2 to 4 mg/100 ml when 1 ml of the sample was adsorbed on the Tswett tube of about 10 mm diameter. 2. Though several zones of the indirect bilirubin were separated on the column of silica gel when developed with various solvents, these zones were proved to be mingled with some oxidized or other intermediate products and the separation like this was thought to owe to the activity of the adsorbents. 3. The chromatogram of the crystalline bilirubin resembled to the one formed by the indirect bilirubin in the chloroform extracts. 4. The chromatogram of the chromatographically separated indirect bilirubin was similar to the former. 5. The absorption maxima of a chloroform solution of the natural indirect bilirubin existed at 450 mμ in the visible range, and it was the same as the maxima of the crystalline bilirubins.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakamotoTakeshi en-aut-sei=Sakamoto en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=30 end-page=46 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1956 dt-pub=195601 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on Bile Pigments II. Seperation of Natural Direct Bilirubins en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Separation of both forms of the direct bilirubin were carried out from the dog's gallbladder bile, and further isolations of them were also done. 1. The natural salt-form bilirubin was isolated after separation on the column of aluminium oxide with a n-propanolic aqueous solution. 2. The natural salt-form bilirubin was obtained in amorphous yellow powders which were strongly hygroscopic and easily soluble in water and methanol but not in chloroform or carbon tetrachloride. An aqueous solution of these powders showed both the direct diazo and Gmelin reaction, but neither Ehrlich's aldehyde nor Schlesinger reaction. The salt-form bilirubin was transferred into chloroform only when some quantities of hydrochloric acid were added to a mixture of chloroform and an aqueous solution of it. 3. The absorption maxima of the natural salt-form bilirubin existed at 420 to 430 mμ in a methanolic solution and at 425 or 435mμ in 50% or 10% n-propanol. 4. The natural ester-form bilirubin was isolated after separating on the column of silica gel with a chloroformethanolic mixture. 5. The natural ester-form bilirubin was obtained in amorphous greenish yellow powders. It was further hygroscopic and easily soluble in water and methanol but not in chloroform or carbon tetrachloride. An aqueous solution of it showed the direct diazo and Gmelin reaction, but neither Ehrlich's aldehyde nor Schlesinger's reaction. No pigment was transferred into chloroform even if some quantities of hydrochloric acid were added to a mixture of chloroform and an aqueous solution of it, but did by saponification with 5% methanolic potash. 6. The absorption maxima of the natural ester-form bilirubin existed at 415 mμ in both methanolic and aqueous solutions.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakamotoTakeshi en-aut-sei=Sakamoto en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=47 end-page=55 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1956 dt-pub=195601 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on Bile Pigments III. Biliverdins Derived From Natural Bilirubins en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1. Absorption maxima of hydrochloric biliverdins derived from the natural indirect bilirubin existed at 680 mμ and 375 mμ, but the maxima of biliverdins purified on the column of silica gel existed at 640 mμ and 390 mμ. 2. The natural salt-form bilirubin was oxidized by hydrochloric acid to biliverdin, of which absorption maxima existed at 685 mμ and 370 mμ in a methanolic solution as well as in 5% hydrochloric methanol, but the purified biliverdin in chloroform solution showed the maxima at 640 mμ and 390 mμ. 3. The natural ester-form bilirubin could be transformed into biliverdin by oxidation of its alcoholic solution in the presence of hydrochloric acid. The crude biliverdin had absorption maxima at 645 to 655 mμ, 600 mμ and 320 mμ, and the crude hydrochloric biliverdin had the maxima at 665 to 675 mμ, 620 mμ and in the near ultra-violet range, while the purified biliverdin in chloroform solution had the maxima at 640 mμ and 380 mμ. 4. The biliverdins derived from the indirect, salt-form and ester-form bilirubin had quite similar absorption maxima after purifications by adsorption chromatography.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakamotoTakeshi en-aut-sei=Sakamoto en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=6 end-page=10 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1956 dt-pub=195601 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effects of Radioactive P32 Upon Japanese B Encephalitis in Mice en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=<P>The effect of P³² in the experimental Japanese B Encephalitis infection was investigated. A remarkable delay of infection was observed, when a therapeutic dose of P³² was administered intraperitoneally to the mouse which had been inoculated intracerebrally with the virus suspension at the concentration of about LD50. Almost equal results were obtained by intraperitoneal administrations to the mice when they had deen inoculated intravenously or intraperitoneally.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OsadaTakahisa en-aut-sei=Osada en-aut-mei=Takahisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=82 end-page=88 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1956 dt-pub=195604 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on the Inhibitory Action of Sugar and Polyatomic Alcohol for the Heat-inactivation of Com?plement en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1) When guinea pig serum was warmed at about 65C, part of its protein became denatured resulting in the formation of a colloidal component C, which has approximately the same electrophoretic mobility as that of α-globulin. 2) The electrophoretic examination shows that the serum heated at 65C after adding the glucose is devoid of colloidal component C. 3) The inhibitory action of sugar and polyatomic alcohol on the heat inactivation of complement is galactose> saccharose > glucose> sorbit > mannit > glycocoll> glycerin in descending order. The inhibitory action of sugar and poly atomic alcohol on molecular aggregation by heating is of the same order as complement activity.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OgataMasana en-aut-sei=Ogata en-aut-mei=Masana kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MochizukiYoshio en-aut-sei=Mochizuki en-aut-mei=Yoshio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=89 end-page=98 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1956 dt-pub=195604 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Simplified Hot-Plate Apparatus for Evaluation of Analgesic Effect en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1. A. simple hot-plate apparatus, with comparatively good accuracy in the control of temperature, chiefly composed of a circular lead plate embedded with nicrome-wire heater was devised in order to improve the complications and inconveniences of the hot-plate apparatus used to date in algesimetric determination with mice. 2. The reaction times measured with this hot-plate maintained at 55C with 500 normal mice showed an average of 9.96 ± 1.58 seconds and about 90% of the total mice exhibited reaction time of 7-13 seconds. With animals showing reaction time within this range, the daily mean reaction time did not vary with measurement once a day for consecutive days and the effect of drugs with comparatively weak analgesic effect was well reproduced with small number examples, such as 12 mice to a group.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SanukiKazumasa en-aut-sei=Sanuki en-aut-mei=Kazumasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhnoHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Ohno en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=82 end-page=88 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1956 dt-pub=195604 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Fate in Guinea-Pigs of Intraven-ously Injected I131-γ-Globulin en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1) The fate and rate of degradation of I131 labelled rabbit γ-globulin, which retained its native antigenicity and antibody specificity was studied in the guinea-pigs. 2) Blood elimination rate of heterologous γ-globulin is higher than that of homologous γ-globulin. 3) Denatured and digested γ-globulin departs from the blood more rapidly than the native one, and urinary excretion rates of denaturated and digested γ-globulin are higher than that of the native one. It is inferred, therefore, that the denatured and digested γ-globnlin is more liable to be resolved and decomposed in the reticulo-endothelial organs than the native one. And the value obtained from the urinary excretion reflects the rate of protein break down in some cellular compartments. 4) Following the plasmaphresis the increase in antigen elimination was lessened and delayed as compared with control animals. 5) The organ distribution of heterologous I131-γ-globulin is to the lymphnode> the spleen> the liver> the lung> the kidney> the intestine in descending order. Heterologous I 131 -γ- globulin is deposited in greater quantity in the reticulo-enclotherial organ than other single organ. 6) Following the intravenous injection of I131 labelled antigens, the ratio of the specific activity of mitochondria and microsom to that of whole liver homogenate was determined over a period from 15 minutes to 3 hours in guinea-pigs, and following results were obtained. a) Organ and intracellular distribution of Il3l labelled homologous γ-globulin shows no great difference compared to that of heterologous one. b) The intracellular distribution of heterologous γ-globulin is in mitochondrial> microsomal> nuclear fraction in descending order. c) The heterologous γ-globulin quantity of mitochondrial fraction or microsomal fraction in the spleen is higher than that of the liver. 7) The antibody distribution of intracellular glanules measured in terms of radioactivity with a Geiger-Muller counter, after the reaction of I131 labelled antigen. The quantity of distribution of intracellular glanules decreases in mitochondrial fraction> microsomal fraction> nuclear fraction in descending order.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OgataMasana en-aut-sei=Ogata en-aut-mei=Masana kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MochizukiYoshio en-aut-sei=Mochizuki en-aut-mei=Yoshio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=62 end-page=69 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1956 dt-pub=195604 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=On the Inoculation of the HST (Hamazaki) Virus Isolated From Yoshida Tumor on Emb-ryonated Eggs en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=HST virus which was isolated in 1950 from the roshida ascites tumor by Hamazaki and his associates is a pantropic virus which creates a unique inflammatory granulation in mice. When virus of an acute infections disease was inoculated on embryonated eggs, not only the egg membrane but also the chick embryo were infected more or less, and when the number of virus increased the chick embryo died, terminating the development of the egg. However, the tumor inducing virus which represents the Rous virus does not cause heavy disturbances in the embryo and it is well known that chick hatched from this egg can long maintain health unless it is subjected to a provocative factor. HST virus is no exception to this example and though it is inoculated on an embryonated egg it does not cause any serious disturbance on the embryo. The tissue changes of the chorio allantois infected by the "Virus were the focal proliferation and necrosis of ectodermal epithelium, the proliferation of the mesenchymal cells of the mesodermal layer adjacent to these foci, accompaning infiltration of lymphoid cells and leukocytes with edema, especially eosinophilic leukocytes. By these tissue changes a terrace-shaped thickening of the membrane was the result. In the viscera of the chick embryo a special change in the liver was seen, i. e., along the edge of the liver greyish white nodules submacroscopic to miliary in size appeared. The principal pathologic change of the foci is the coagulation necrosis of the liver parenchyma and only a slight infiltration about the periphery of the foci was observed. Moreover, proliferation of mesenchymal cells occurred next to the walls of the large blood vessels of the liver (principally, the portal veins) and with the added infiltration of a small number of lymphoid cells and leukocytes sharply defined nodular foci were formed. Though this was a rare instnace, similar pathologic changes were seen also in the walls of the blood vessels of the cerebrum stem of the embryo and along the periphery local gliosis was observed.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HamazakiYukio en-aut-sei=Hamazaki en-aut-mei=Yukio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshiiShusaku en-aut-sei=Ishii en-aut-mei=Shusaku kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KajiyamaYutaka en-aut-sei=Kajiyama en-aut-mei=Yutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=57 end-page=61 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1956 dt-pub=195604 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=On the func?tion of the Megakaryocyte (Motility, Separation of the Platelet and Phagocytosis), Observations Both in Idiopathic Thrombo-cytopenic Purpura and in Normal Adult en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura was described by Werlhof as an independent disease first in 1738. Kaznelson reported the excellent effect of splenectomy for its chronic type in 1915. For the genesis of its thrombocytopenia, there have been many theories to be concluded into the followings, 1) the development of an auto-immune mechanism resulting in platelet destruction, 2) increased platelet destruction in the spleen, 3) the inhibition of platelet production from the marrow megakaryocytes by a humoral factor produced in the spleen, 4) both increased destruction and decreased production of the platelet. Among the above four theories, the third one is the most popular in the chronic type.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HirakiK. en-aut-sei=Hiraki en-aut-mei=K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OfujiT. en-aut-sei=Ofuji en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KobayashiT. en-aut-sei=Kobayashi en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SunamiH. en-aut-sei=Sunami en-aut-mei=H. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=AwaiK. en-aut-sei=Awai en-aut-mei=K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=110 end-page=129 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1956 dt-pub=195607 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Observations of various living blood cells by tissue culture of the bone marrow en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=(1) The movement of the blood cells in the bone marrow was classified into 9 types. (2) The characteristics of moving types are so distinct according to the kinds of blood cells, that the differential diagnosis of the cells by moving types is easily and certainly made. In this way, (by the kind of blood cells), we have classified leukemia, as is described in our other articles. (3) The phagocytosis and vital staining of the blood cells in the bone marrow is different in degree and mode, according to the kind of blood cells, and thus becomes valuable ground for the differential diagnosis of the cells.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HirakiKiyoshi en-aut-sei=Hiraki en-aut-mei=Kiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OfujiTadashi en-aut-sei=Ofuji en-aut-mei=Tadashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatariZenji en-aut-sei=Watari en-aut-mei=Zenji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=151 end-page=163 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1956 dt-pub=195607 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=On the excitation and inhibition of the inspiratory neuron in the respiratory centers en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In decerebrated cats the impulse discharges were detected by means of an unipolar microelectrode from a single inspiratory neuron in the respiratory centers, and the change in discharge produced by administration of stimulating, as well as depressant agents, was studied. The results were summarized as follows. 1) Inhalation of the air containing all. excess of carbon dioxide, as well as the air deficient of oxygen and the intravenous administration of a small dose of caffeine, aminocordine and lobeline produced a) a remarkable increase of frequency of impulses in the stage of constant frequency of the volley, b) a rapid increase of frequency of impulses in the stage of crescent frequency of the volley and c) a shortening of the duration of the volleys, as well as of silent periods. 2) In narcosis by a moderate dose of morphine, as well as in the recovery stage from apnea produced by over-ventilation, there were observed the phenomena which were exactly opposite to those described in 1). 3) It was concluded that a most essential sign by which one can discern whether the activity of the respiratory Genters is raised or depressed, is the changes of the frequency of impulses produced from an inspiratory neuron. The expense of this research was defrayed from the grant in aid of the Ministry of Education.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HukuharaTakesi en-aut-sei=Hukuhara en-aut-mei=Takesi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkadaHiromasa en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Hiromasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=99 end-page=109 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1956 dt-pub=195607 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The method of tissue culture (mainly of the bone marrow) and a simple method of observ?ing living tissue en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Our methods of tissue culture of the bone marrow, lymphnodes, and peripheral blood were described. Furthermore, for the purpose of promoting wide clinical application of bone marrow tissue culture, our simple vital inspection method was also stated.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HirakiKiyoshi en-aut-sei=Hiraki en-aut-mei=Kiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OfujiTadashi en-aut-sei=Ofuji en-aut-mei=Tadashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SunamiHiroshi en-aut-sei=Sunami en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=130 end-page=150 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1956 dt-pub=195607 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Diagnosis of leukemia and aplastic anemia by the bone marrow culture en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1) As the boundary of the outgrowth zone of the bone marrow culture is sharply defined from the surrounding area and the cellular density becomes very high in leukemia, diagnosis can be made with ease and certainty. 2) The differential diagnosis between aleukemic leukemia and aplastic anemia becomes easy by application of the tissue cuIture method. 3) The vital observation of blood cells were used in classification of leukemia by cellular systems, and it was discovered that there were a lot of patients with monocytic leukemia and relatively many with acute lymphatic leukemia. 4) Because the cellular growth in the bone marrow culture of aplastic anemia declines extremely and abundant fat cells are observed, the diagnosis of this disease is easily made by employment of this method.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HirakiKiyoshi en-aut-sei=Hiraki en-aut-mei=Kiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OfujiTadashi en-aut-sei=Ofuji en-aut-mei=Tadashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HattoriYoshiyuki en-aut-sei=Hattori en-aut-mei=Yoshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=164 end-page=172 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1956 dt-pub=195607 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The effect of an antihistamine agent on the gastric secretion induced by sinomenine and irgapyrin en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1. Sinomenine and Irgapyrin, the two antirheumatics known to be capable of releasing histamine, caused a marked gastric secretion in the unanesthetized dog. 2. The facial edema and itching associated with histamine release by sinomenine was almost completely eliminated by NeoAntergan, but the gastric secretion was not suppressed, or rather increased - an observation also reported by Paton and Schachter with Compound 48/80. This indicates that the histamine release cannot be markedly prevented by antihistamine agents in this animal. 3. The gastric secretion induced by Irgapyrin was not suppressed by Neo-Antergan but Irgapyrin originally never caused other symptoms associated with histamine release. This is probably due to the antihistamine action inherent in this compound itself. 4. No such histamine-releasing activity, as determined by gastric secretion, could be observed in aminopyrine or butazolidine sodium, the components of Irgapyrin. 5. Sinomenine, differing from Irgapyrin and Compound 48/80, was ineffective by intramuscular injection.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NishiyamaRyosaku en-aut-sei=Nishiyama en-aut-mei=Ryosaku kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=215 end-page=226 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1956 dt-pub=195609 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A study on schizophrenia : On the erythroeytes en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Blood cells of schizophrenics differ in many points from those of normal subjects. First of all the shape of them is flat and thin. This tendency is more marked in old group than in new group; the volume is small; flat corpuscles are more numerous in them in the normal; and the blood resistance against diluted saline solution is stronger than that of the normal. It has long since been known that the rate of corpuscle sedimentation is being accelerated in schizophrenics. A simple physical cause that blood corpuscles are flat and numerous can explain this phenomenon. It is said that there is an antisphering substance among the factors controlling the thickness and roundness of blood corpuscles. Yet it has not been determined whether this substance on the surface of the blood of schizophrenics is large or small. Blood corpuscles are said to lose their peculiar disc-shape and to be completely destroyed at the pH of 9.2 when the antisphering substance is removed from the surface of blood corpuscles. The lower the pH is the better is the absorption of this substance on the surface of blood corpuscles; and it seems that the more this substance attaches itself to blood corpuscles the greater is the degree of flatness and in this connection it is interesting to note that the pH of schizophrenic blood is low in low in general. On the other hand, however, sphericity is increased at the time when the acidity of blood is increased due to a sudden movement of acidic substances immediately after ECT. Again in the case of coma of insulin treatment, blood tends to be alkaline and even then an increase in the sphericity of corpuscles is indicated. Consequently it seems tnat the roundness of blood corpuscles is not solely dependent upon antisphering substance and pH.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KosakaMutsutoshi en-aut-sei=Kosaka en-aut-mei=Mutsutoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=227 end-page=252 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1956 dt-pub=195609 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on bile pigments IV. Direct bilirubin in canine bile en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Two forms of the direct bilirubin separated from the dried canine cholecystic bile were subjected to paper chromatography and emission or infra-red spectroscopy, and the following results were obtained: 1. The two forms of the direct bilirubin contain plenty of bile acid or its salt, and benzidine- and ninhydrine-positive substances together with various inorganic elements were also detected. 2. The ester-form bilirubin had carboxyl radical by infrared spectroscopy. But it will not be easily concluded that an existence of carboxyl radical will owe to free carboxyl radical of the dibasic acid bilirubin by the reason why an existence of plenty of bile acid in the sample may inhibit the characteristic absorption of ester. 3. It may be suggested that the two forms of the direct bilirubin combine with bile acid or its salt, and that the affinity between them is stronger in the salt-form bilirubin. 4. It seems probable that properties of the salt-form and ester-form bilirubins are not influenced by an existence of bile acid or its salt, and further by acornbination with it.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakamotoTakeshi en-aut-sei=Sakamoto en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=253 end-page=260 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1956 dt-pub=195609 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on bile pigments V. A method to isolate indirect bilirubin en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=For the purpose of obtaining the dibasic acid indirect bilirubin in a pure state from the dried canine cholecystic bile, an optimal developing solvent was selected by paper partition chromatography as a preliminary experiment, and it was isolated on cellulose column as an applied experiment. 1. The dibasic acid indirect bilirubin was separable at the starting point in a pure state by paper chromatography under development with the top layer of a n-butanol, acetic acid, water mixture (4:1:5). 2. The dibasic acid indirect bilirubin formed a fixed band at the upper starting place on cellulose column under development with the top layer of a n-butanol, acetic acid, water mixture (4:1:5), and no other substance could be detected there. 3. The dibasic acid indirect bilirubin existing in the fixed band could be eluted out into chloroform with a 1% acetic acid solution. An orange yellow powder was obtained from the eluate by evaporating the solvent in vacuo. 4. Thus separated orange yellow powder agreed well with the crystalline bilirubin in the solubility into organic or inorganic solvents and in the spectrochemical characteristics as well as in the chemical properties.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakamotoTakeshi en-aut-sei=Sakamoto en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=175 end-page=213 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1956 dt-pub=195609 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Pathology of "landry-guillain-barr? syndrome" in children, prevailing in the regions surrounding the Inland Sea of Japan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Histopathological investigations were carried out on five fatal cases of a type of polyneuritis of unknown etiology diagnosed as Landry-Guillain-Barre syndrome, which endemically occurred in children in the regions surrounding the Inland Sea of Japan. The most characteristic pathologic feature in the nervous system was pronounced patchy degenerative changes with slight or moderate degree of inflammatory cell response of focal type in the peripheral and cranial nerves, predominantly in the nerve fibers of the spinal and cranial roots. In the spinal cord, medulla, pons, and in some portions of the cerebrum and cerebellum, engorgement of the small blood vessels as well as edema and the less predominant scattered degenerative changes of ganglioncells and nerve fibers with extremely slight degree of glial response and sparse perivascular cell collections were encountered. The cerebrospinal meninges displayed edema and congestion of the pial blood vessels with focal collections of a small number of lymphocytes and/or monocytes. No advanced involvement of the anterior horn of the spinal cord in a strict sense of anterior poliomyelitis was, however, recognized. These changes may lead the histopathologic diagnosis of the present disease to infectious encephalomyelo-polyradiculoneuritis or a type of infectious polyneuritis. The main histopathologic changes in the visceral organs were a moderate degree of engorgement of the small blood vessels, degeneration of parencymatous organs such as the liver and kidney, hyperplasia or follicular atrophy of the lymphatic tissues, interalveolar pneumonia, focal myositis, and slight degree of round cell infiltrations in the interstitial tissues of the other viscera, such as the liver, heart, and gastrointestinal canal. Based upon the observations on the histopathological changes as well as clinical manifestations, discussions were made on the pathogenesis and etiologic factor of the present endemic disease with critique on the literatures.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OdaTakuzo en-aut-sei=Oda en-aut-mei=Takuzo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkagiSeiji en-aut-sei=Akagi en-aut-mei=Seiji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=23 end-page=30 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1957 dt-pub=195704 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on the Etiology of Glaucoma Part I. Existence of the Autonomic Eye Pressure Adjustment Function en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The existence of autonomic adjustment functions of eye pressure was demonstrated in various ways, both clinically and experimentally. It is possible to consider that in normal condition, I.O.P. is controlled autonomically like cardiac or respiratory rate irrespective of the internal or external influences of the body. The auther calls such a phenomenon "autonomic eye pressure adjustment function". The mechanism of this physiological function will be reported on in articles to follow.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AkagiGoro en-aut-sei=Akagi en-aut-mei=Goro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=10 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1957 dt-pub=195704 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Observations on Nerve Cells and Fibres by Polarization Microscope en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=To reveal the relationship between the morphologic structure and the functioning of cells it is of great importance to know the molecular arrangement in cytoplasm. For this purpose the observation by polarization microscope is one of the most exellent methods. There are several excellent works on nerve fibre done using polarized lightl,2,3,4 but there is no report concerning the nerve cell itself. It is the purpose of this paper to show our data obtained on ganglion cells and nerve fibres with the deduced speculation on the structural arrangement of lipoprotein in the protoplasm of nerve cells and fibres.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SenoSatimaru en-aut-sei=Seno en-aut-mei=Satimaru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KandaSaburo en-aut-sei=Kanda en-aut-mei=Saburo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MakiTeruo en-aut-sei=Maki en-aut-mei=Teruo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=31 end-page=43 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1957 dt-pub=195704 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Causal Therapy of Alkylphosphate Poisoning en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We have designed to apply 2-pyridine aldoxime methiodide(PAM), considered to be a cholinesterase reactivator in vitro, both to the laboratory rabbits poisoned by parathion and to the patients of parathion poisoning, and obtained the following results: 1. With administration of PAM, a prompt and complete dispersion of symptoms of the poisoning can be realized. 2. Cholinesterase activity of red blood cell has instantly and completely recovered, and that of serum transiently. 3. The amount of serum mucoprotein and the activity of active protein-SH-radical of serum varied in direct proportion to the activity of serum cholinesterase. 4. Generally, an intravenous injection of 1g. PAM is sufficient even in the severe case and it may be increased when necessary. 5. The ill effect has not been encountered in the PAM administration. 6. PAM exerts no influence on the cholinesterase activity of normal blood. 7. PAM is expected to play an important role as a prophylactic agent of alkylphosphate poisoning. From these results it seems clear that PAM is a specific and effective antidote against alkylphosphate intoxication.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HirakiKiyoshi en-aut-sei=Hiraki en-aut-mei=Kiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NambaTatsuji en-aut-sei=Namba en-aut-mei=Tatsuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=18 end-page=22 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1957 dt-pub=195704 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Study on the Structure of Egg Shell of Enterobius Vermicularis (Linnaeus, 1758) Leach, 1853, with the Electron Microscope en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1. The shell of the ova of Enterobius vermicularis is composed of two chitinous layers, a compact outer layer and a looser inner layer. Both surfaces of the two layers have a dense border. 2. The outer layer has innumerable tubules about 0.2 micron in diameter, and only those tubules found in the thinner part of the layer open to the outside and inside. 3. The outer layer of mature eggs is about 0.45 micron and the inner layer about 2 to 6 microns, in thickness. 4. The chitinous microfibrils in both layers form a rcticular structure which contains very fine granules in the mesh.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=InatomiSeiiti en-aut-sei=Inatomi en-aut-mei=Seiiti kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=11 end-page=17 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1957 dt-pub=195704 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Mitochondria and Endoplasmic Reticulum in the Denucleated Red Cells, with Special Reference to the Reticulum of Reticu-locyte en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In 1955 SANO found mitochondria by the supravital stain with Janus green B in the basophilic stippled cells from the circulating blood of the lead intoxicated rabbitsl , and in 1956 by means of electronmicroscope VALLEJO-FREIRE, BRUNNER et al. found mitochondria in the reticulocytes2,3, and later at the end of 1956 BRAUNSTEINER et al. also succeeded in revealing mitochondria and the vesicular structure by electron microscope in the ultra thin section of young red cells4. We also have found the mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum in young red cells. It has been discussed long whether the reticulum of reticulocytes is a preexistent structure or an artifact. The fact that the mitochondria exist in the reticulocyte seems to support strongly the preexistence theory of the reticulum, substantia reticulo filamentosa. However, the fact that the reticulum has several characteristics different from the general mitochondria5,6 can not be ignored. In this paper we should like to demonstrate the photos of mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum in the denucleated red cells revealed by electron microscope comparing to the picture of reticuluocyte appeared by supravital stain.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SenoSatimaru en-aut-sei=Seno en-aut-mei=Satimaru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshizawaKoyo en-aut-sei=Yoshizawa en-aut-mei=Koyo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OdaTakuzo en-aut-sei=Oda en-aut-mei=Takuzo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawaiKazuo en-aut-sei=Kawai en-aut-mei=Kazuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OgoHiroshi en-aut-sei=Ogo en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=88 end-page=93 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1957 dt-pub=195706 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Biological and Chemical Observations on Multiseptate Digestion Tank Devised by Professor Yamaguti en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A sanitary mass-disposal of nightsoil constitutes one of the major public health problems in the majority of Japanese cities and towns. Under the present economic situations in Japan, however, a low construction and operation cost and a simple disposal plant easy to operate are most essential to meet the prevailing needs, not to speak of complete destruction of pathogenic bacterial and parasitic organisms contained in the excreta to be disposed of.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KimuraMitiya en-aut-sei=Kimura en-aut-mei=Mitiya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=94 end-page=102 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1957 dt-pub=195706 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=On the Behavior of the Respiratory Muscles During Vomiting en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In order to produce vomiting in the dogs decerebrated and unanesthetized, apomorphine or copper sulfate was administered. The behaviors of both the inspiratory and the expiratory muscles were studied through the course of the act of vomiting by the electromyographic technique. The results are summarized as follows: (1) The most significant signs of vomiting seems to be the recurrent vomiting volleys from the vomiting center each of which is produced abruptly and transiently. (2) The peculiarities of the vomitng volley consist in the simultaneous discharges of both the inspiratory and the expiratory muscles, resulting in the so-called retching movement. (3) The vomiting volleys, in their rhythm, seem to arise independent of the respiratory center, but the former are capable of affecting the respiratory centers at any respiratory phase. (4) The acceleration of the breathings observed prior to the retching seems to be due to the invigorated activity of the respiratory centers affected directly by the administration of the vomiting agents without an intermediate step by the vomiting centers. (5) The simultaneous contraction of the diaphragm and the abdominal muscles are merely a component of a peculiar type of the respiratory movements, namely, that of the retching. (6) The glottis muscles are, however, ruled out from the principle described in (2): the closer of the glottis muscles contracts during the retching, while the opener is completely inhibited.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HukuharaTakesi en-aut-sei=Hukuhara en-aut-mei=Takesi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkadaHiromasa en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Hiromasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamagamiMatuyosi en-aut-sei=Yamagami en-aut-mei=Matuyosi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=47 end-page=59 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1957 dt-pub=195706 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on the Etiology of Glaucoma Part 2. Relation?ship Between Diencephalon and Intraocular Pressure en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The author has carried out the investigations from various angles on the relationship between the function of diencephalon and the eye pressure, and has found that all the evidences in the investigations point to a quite important role being played by the diencephalon in regulation of the eye pressure. Today it is a common physio-anatomical knowledge that the functions such as respiration, pulsation, blood pressure, and digestive actions which are essential for the maintenance of life, all possessing autonomy, are performed and regulated by the centers existing in the diencephalon. Now, the eye pressure, having such an important relationship to the visual functions, can not possibly be a lone exception. From these, therefore, it may be concluded that at least an autonomic center of the eye pressure exists in the diencephalon.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AkagiGoro en-aut-sei=Akagi en-aut-mei=Goro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=60 end-page=73 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1957 dt-pub=195706 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on the Etiology of Glaucoma Part 3. Studies on the Efferent and Afferent Pathways of Autonomic Eye-Pressure Adjustment Reflex en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=From the results of various experiments in an attempt to investigate the relationship between the intraocular pressure and the ophthalmic nerve, the author has come to the conclusion that the ophathalmic nerve is one of the afferent pathways transmitting the various impulses caused by the changes in the intraocular pressure to the autonomic eye pressure center, and the impulses created by these stimuli in the eye pressure center are in turn transmitted to the eyeball by way of the autonomic nerves and thus the eye pressure is autonomically regulated by these reflexes.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AkagiGoro en-aut-sei=Akagi en-aut-mei=Goro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=74 end-page=80 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1957 dt-pub=195706 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on the Etiology of Glaucoma Part 4. On the Effector Organs in Eyeball en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=From these experimental results, the author has reached the following conclusion: The choroid possesses abundant blood vessels, and inasmuch as they carry a large amount of blood on account of their large tubular space, they also have such structural formation as to enable their distension or contraction greatly to influence the volume of intraocular contents. Moreover, as the autonomic nerves distributed in the eye are connected with the wall of vessels in a compact network of nerve fibers, the width of the choroidal vessel can be regulated by the autonomic center ; and thus the intraocular pressure seems to be regulated by an increase or a decrease in the amount of intraocular circulating blood. On the other hand, the ciliary body likewise seems to take a part in the adjustment of the eyepressure as the width of vessels, the permeability of blood vessel walls, and the aqueous production are all controlled by the autonomic nerve, and because the contraction of ciliary muscles, as already mentioned, also exerts a great influence on the intraocular pressure. Therefore, the author believes that a regional adjustment of eye pressure is being performed by these mechanisms, working as they are in conjunction with each other, and maintaining a harmonious relation among themselves under the control of the autonomic center.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AkagiGoro en-aut-sei=Akagi en-aut-mei=Goro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=103 end-page=108 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1957 dt-pub=195706 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Factor Condition?ing the Inhibitory Response of the Intestinal Motility to the Peripheral Stimulation of the Cervical Vagus Nerves en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Recording the motility of the stomach as well as the small intestine by the balloon method in the dogs decerebrated and unanesthetized, we found a factor conditioning the inhibitory effect of the intestinal motility to the stimulation of the perpheral cut-end of cervical vagus nerves. The results may be summarized as follows: (1) The stimulation of the peripheral cut-end of the cervical vagus nerve frequently produces the yarious patterns and degrees of inhibition of the intestinal motility of the stomach as well as of the small intestine. (2) The inhibitory effect still appears after the severing of the vagus nerves at the caudal end of the esophagus, but is obliterated and reversed to the augmentory when the splanchnic nerves are bilaterally severed. (3) The cause of the inhibition is attributable to the strong excitation of the intestinal inhibitory centers brought about by the central stimulating action of the anoxemia resulting from the stimulation of the cervical vagus nerves, and the reversal of the response is due to the peripheral stimulating action of the anoxemia upon the intestinal muscles, its central action being excluded from the action on the intestine by the severing of the splanchnic nerves.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HukuharaTakesi en-aut-sei=Hukuhara en-aut-mei=Takesi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkadaHiromasa en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Hiromasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamagamiMatuyosi en-aut-sei=Yamagami en-aut-mei=Matuyosi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=109 end-page=131 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1957 dt-pub=195706 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Anatomical Studies on Conduction Pathways of Advcrsive Movement en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1. The descending fi bers from the areas 8 and 6 aβ reaching the lateral and ventral nuclei of the homolateral thalamus are recognized. They are considered to be the conduction pathways of the adversive movements caused by the stimulations on the areas 8 and 6 aβ. 2. The descending fibers from the areas 5, 7, 19 and 22 reaching the head and the tail of the homolateral caudate nucleus are revealed. These fibers are considered to be the conduction pathways of the adversive movement caused by the stimulation on these areas. Moreover, the descending fibers from the areas 7, 19 and 22 reaching the homolateral superior colliculus are recognized. These fibers are also considered to participate in the adversive movement. 3. The fibers from the lateral and ventral nuclei of the thalamus reaching the homolateral superior colliculus, Cajal's interstitial nucleus and reticular formation of the mesencephalon are observed. These fibers are considered to be the conduction pathways of the adversive movement from the thalamus. 4. The caudate nucleus and the lenticular nucleus are connected closely by the numerous fiber bundles crossing the internal capsule. 5. The fibers from the lenticular nucleus which participate in the adversive movements descend through the lenticular fasciculus, Forel's field, the comb-fibers in the cerebral peduncle, substantia nigra and medial lemniscus, and then reach the stratum lemnisci et profundum of the homolateral superior colliculus, Cajal's interstitial nucleus, Darkschewitsch's nucleus, Westphal-Edinger's nucleus, oculomotor nucleus and trochlear nucleus. 6. The tectobulbar tracts from the superior colliculus joined with the both oculomotors, contralateral trochlear, abducens, facial and accessory nuclei, thus they are considered to take part in the adversive movement. 7. The ascending fibers from the dentate nucleus pass through the homolateral brachium conjunctivum and reach the contralateral trochlear and oculomotor nuclei, superior colliculus and the lateral and ventral nuclei of the contralateral thalamus. These ascending fibers are considered to be the conduction pathways of the adversive movement from the cerebellum.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=JinnaiDennosuke en-aut-sei=Jinnai en-aut-mei=Dennosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayashiMikiya en-aut-sei=Hayashi en-aut-mei=Mikiya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=81 end-page=87 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1957 dt-pub=195706 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on Bile Pigments VIII. A Form of Direct Reacting Bilirubins Appearing in Jaundiced Urine en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Separation of the urinary ester-form bilirubin was attempted, and the results obtained may be summarized as follows: 1. A brown pigment was obtained from jaundiced urine by the following procedures; namely, salting out, methanol extraction, chloroform flocculation, and separation on cellulose column. The pigment has been found to be easily soluble in water, displaying the absorption maximum at 420 - 410 mμ at pH 7.0, and it also gave a positive reaction both to GMELIN's and EHRLICH's diazo reagents within a minute without the addition of alcohol. These characteristics agree well with those of the socalled ester-form bilirubin. 2. On the basis of the results of paper chromatography and paper electrophoresis, the pigment has been determined to contain no amino acid, steroid, nor reducing substance. Moreover, no glucuronic acid could be detected whether examined in vitro or by paper chromatography together with paper electrophoresis, either.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakamotoTakeshi en-aut-sei=Sakamoto en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KomutaKiyoatsu en-aut-sei=Komuta en-aut-mei=Kiyoatsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KondoTadasuke en-aut-sei=Kondo en-aut-mei=Tadasuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiranoHiroshi en-aut-sei=Hirano en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MonobeTaisei en-aut-sei=Monobe en-aut-mei=Taisei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanedaKohtaro en-aut-sei=Kaneda en-aut-mei=Kohtaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=192 end-page=217 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1957 dt-pub=195709 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on the Basal Metabolism in the Patients after the Operation of Cervical Carcinoma, Especially on the Effects of Autotransplantation of the Ovary and Castration en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The evaluations of the basal metabolism before the operation, at the completion, and at the follow-up examinations, have been conducted on the patients with cervical carcinoma, all under the age of 50 years, and operated on in the Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Medical School and the following results are obtained: 1. The basal metabolism of the patients with cervical carcinoma of either stage I or stage II as compared with that of the normal women is more accelerated; while the basal metabolism of the cervical carcinoma of stage II. is more augmented than that of the cervical carcinoma stage I. 2. The basal metabolism at the completion of operation is markedly lower than that before the operation. 3. In those who received the autotransplantation of the ovary concomitantly with operation, the basal metabolism once increases at the 4th month after the operation and after that it maintains a low stable state. 4. The basal metabolism of those who received the operative castration continues increasing up to the 8th month after the operation and thereafter it returns to a rather balanced state. 5. From the aspects of the fluctuations of the basal metabolism, it has been recognized that the autotransplantation as compared with the castration exerts less influences on the somatic system and for a shorter period of time, and also the endocrine system of the former returns to the balanced condition earlier.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HigashiSusumu en-aut-sei=Higashi en-aut-mei=Susumu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=179 end-page=191 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1957 dt-pub=195709 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on the Etiology of Glaucoma, Part 5. On the Autonomic Adjustment Functions of Eye Pressure in the Pa?tients Suffering from Glaucoma en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=From the results of the various tests thus far mentioned, it may be said that of the patients with primary glaucoma, be it. inflammatory or simple, the majority point to the functional disturbances and unbalanced conditions of the diencephalo-hypophyseal system as well as of the autonomic system, and that their autonomic adjustment functions of the eye pressure as compared with those of the normal are considerably disturbed and are in unbalanced state.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AkagiGoro en-aut-sei=Akagi en-aut-mei=Goro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=133 end-page=144 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1957 dt-pub=195709 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Sites of Action of some Histamin-Releasing Substances in the Dog en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1. The rates of histamine release from the liver, skin and muscle by four kinds of histamine-releasing substances, sinomenine, compound 48/80, tween 20 and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), were compared by intravenous injection in dogs, each in a dosage to cause a fall of approximately 80 per cent in the arterial blood pressure. 2. By compound 48/80, the rates were especially marked from the liver and muscle and only slight from the skin, while those by sinomenine, tween 20 and PVP were largest from the skin, followed by those from the liver and muscle, in that order. The rate of histamine release from the skin by PVP was characteristic in that it was far larger than that by other releasers. 3. On direct application of the drug solutions to the excised tissues of the liver and skin the rates of release of histamine differed only slightly by the tissue in any of these releasers 4. Some considerations were given on the reason for the different ratios by the organ of in vivo histamine release though as yet no definite conclusion could be drawn.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NishiyamaRyosaku en-aut-sei=Nishiyama en-aut-mei=Ryosaku kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TasakaKenji en-aut-sei=Tasaka en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IrinoShozo en-aut-sei=Irino en-aut-mei=Shozo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=253 end-page=264 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1957 dt-pub=195709 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=On the Adversive Movement of Area 4C of the Motor Cortex en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1. Adversive movements were induced by electrical stimulation and metrazol injection on area 4c of the cerebral cortex. 2. The adversive movement from area 4c does not pass through the thalamus, nucleus caudatus, nucleus lenticularis or superior collicuIus, but through direct efferent pathways in the internal capsule. 3. The adversive movement from area 4c passes through the pyramidal tract.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=JinnaiDennosuke en-aut-sei=Jinnai en-aut-mei=Dennosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KosakaFutami en-aut-sei=Kosaka en-aut-mei=Futami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=157 end-page=178 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1957 dt-pub=195709 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Histochemical Studies on the Nervous and Humoral Regulation of Lipids and Carbohydrate Metabolism en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The purpose of the present study is to reveal the precise mechanism of nervous and humoral regulations of lipid and carbohydrate metabolisms in the adipose tissues. Histochemical and biochemical observations were made on the innervated and denervated interscapular brown adipose tissues and partly on the liver and adrenal cortex of male mice during starvation with or without carbohydrate introduction with special consideration to the changes of the lipid and glycogen contents and to the activities of several important enzymes as well as to pH values in the tissues. In a state of absolute starvation, the animals died in a few days showing a gradual discharge of stored lipids from the innervated brown adipose tissues, while in the denervated tissues the stored lipids increased gradually even in a state of slight or moderate starvation as well as in the cases of normally fed animals. The increase of lipids continued before the stage of severe starvation and the stored lipids being rapidly discharged became nil at the terminal stage of life. Introduction of glucose into starved animals caused also a more marked deposition of glycogen in the denervated than in the innervated tissues in proportion to the degree of starvation, although it did not cause the deposition in both tissues at the terminal stage of life. These facts represent that the nervous regulation is essential for the mobilization of lipids and carbohydrates from this tissue. Adrenalectomy also caused the death of animals within a few days with a gradual decrease of depot lipids. In this case denervation likewise caused a marked depositon of lipids in the brown adipose tissues, showing a sudden escape of lipids at the end of life. Experiments on transplanted adipose tissues taken from the animals at the terminal stage of starvation, proved that the tissue cells retain the ability to deposit lipids until the end of life. Chemical estimation elucidated that the serum glucose and lipids fall markedly at the terminal stage of life. The innervated tissues showed increased activities of succinic dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, ATPase and lipase during starvation with a gradual discharge of lipids. Glucose injection increased the degree of the activities of all these enzymes, though in the terminal stage of starvation the ATPase activity declined again. The activity of total cholinesterase declined slightly in severe starvation. The pH value fell gradually with the progress of starvation. On the other hand, in the denervated tissues the activity of succinic dehydrogenase fell with an increased deposition of lipids, though in the final stage of starvation the activity rose with the discharge of lipids; while the activities of phosphatase, ATPase and lipase rose during starvation and total, unspecific and specific cholinesterase activities declined slightly. The pH value in the denervated tissues rose slightly during mild starvation and fell markedly in severe starvation. Observations proved that the activities Df these enzymes and pH, which are under the control of the autonomic nervous system, have close relationships to the deposition and the discharge of lipids and glycogen from the adipose tissues, and that the rapid discharge of lipids from the denervated tissue at the terminal stage of life is an expression of the onesided progress of oxidative process which may mean a complete loss of regulation of metabolism.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OdaTakuzo en-aut-sei=Oda en-aut-mei=Takuzo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhtaniKyoichiro en-aut-sei=Ohtani en-aut-mei=Kyoichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=AwaiMichiyasu en-aut-sei=Awai en-aut-mei=Michiyasu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakaiAkira en-aut-sei=Sakai en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=218 end-page=247 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1957 dt-pub=195709 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Changes in the Blood Picture in Pregnancy, Deli?very, and Puerperium, Particulary Centering Around the Blood Loss During Delivery en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=For the periods ranging from the fifth gravid month to the sixth post partum week continuous examinations were conducted on the blood picture of 10 multiparas and 18 primipars who came to the Second Maternity Hospita, Okayama University Medical School, from December 1955 to December 1956, and all those who had no complications throughout pregnancy, delivery and puerperium. In addition observations were carried on the 245 subjects who had no complibation throught pregnancy, delivery and puerperium to see what influences the blood loss during delivery might exert on blood picture during puerperium, particularly the changes of hemoglobin concentration (Hb), and the author arrived at the following conclusions: 1) By the continuous examinations of pregnat women the existence has been recognized of physiological anemia which recovers close to the level of healthy non-pregnant women within one month after delivery. Namely, it has been found that already by the fifth month of pregnancy a considerable decrease both in erythrocyte counts and Hb values is recognized as compared with those of healthy non-pregnant women (the control), but starting around the eighth month the values of both keep on increasing month after month until reaching their maximum at delivery yet still a little below those of the control, and particularly Hb values as compared with those of the control show a significant fall. During puerperium erythrocyte counts and Hb values recover rapidly and by the sixth post partum week they reach close to the level of the control. 2) By the latter part of pregnancy both in multipara and primipara Hb values shew a marked decrease as compared with erythroyte count. Gradually presenting hypochromic-anemia picture, even in the sixth post partum week a delay in the recovery of Hb values can still be recognized, the delay being particularly striking in primipara. 3) It has been noticed that there is a greater tendency of delay in the recovery of Hb values along with increase in blood loss during delivery. Namely, though in the groups with blood loss of less than 10g./kg. at delivery the recovery of Hb values during puerperium is smooth and hematopoietic functions seem to be undisturbed. However, with increase in blood loss the recovery is proportionately delayed and in the groups with over 12.5 g./kg. loss a marked delay in the recovery of Hb has been recognized. 4) In primipara groups with under 7.5g./kg. blood loss and in multipara with under 12.5 g./kg. loss, the recovery of Hb values during puerperium is smooth; but in primipara with blood loss of over 10 g./kg. and in multipara with the loss of over 15 g./kg. the delay has been quite marked. In other words, in the groups with blood loss of over 7.5 g./kg. the rate of recovery in Hb values tends to be faster in multipara than in primipara. 5) Along with increase in the frequency of labor, the rates of increase have tended to increase by degrees.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FujimoriHiroshi en-aut-sei=Fujimori en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=145 end-page=156 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1957 dt-pub=195709 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Significance of the Adrenal Medullary Epinephrin in the Analgesic Effects of Morphine and a Few Other Drugs in Mice en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The analgesic effects of morphine and some related compounds, such as meperidine, observed by the conventional method, are supplemented by the release of epinephrine from the adrenal medulla. It is assumed that this action of epinephrine is not due to an additive synergy in the analgesic effect but to the face that the action of epinephrine on a definite higher center or centers effects synergistically in the reflex depressant action of these analgesic agants. This assumption is based on the following evidences. Prolongation of reaction time in mice by morphine and meperidine (but not by ohton), determined by the hot-plate method, was significantly reduced by adrenalectomy and this reduction was normalized by the concurrent use of epinephrine, in a small dose which in itself cannot prolong the reaction time. No such action was found in cortisone and DOCA. The effects of morphine and meperidine in prolonging the reaction time were reduced by priscol and dibenamine, as well as by tetraethylammonium salt. A large dose of pyrazolone derivatives causes, not the prolongation of reaction time but a jumping reflex response in the early stages, indicating central excitation, in part of the mice. The ratio of mice exhibiting such an early reflex increases with adrenalectomy or the administration of dibenamine, and is markedly decreased by epinephrine, insufficient to show any analgesic response by itself, and by cortisone. This action of cortisone indicates some difference in the natures of central excitation by pyrazolones and by morphine. Judging from the work of SCHAYER18, the distribution in the brain of epinephrine injected in the dose to normalize the reduced effect of morphine in the adrenalectomized mice, may also be anticipated by the epinephrine which might be released from the adrenal medulla by morphine in an amount much smaller than the "near?lethal doses9 ".
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SanukiKazumasa en-aut-sei=Sanuki en-aut-mei=Kazumasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=248 end-page=252 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1957 dt-pub=195709 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Clinical Applica?tion of Sialic Acid I. On Serum Sialic Acid Contents in Patients en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1) The contents of sialic acid in patients of various diseases sera were determined and increases of it were noticed in several diseases. 2) Sialic acid contents ranged between 50 and 100 mg./dl. in the normal serum. 3) But in the pathological serum, it ranged between 90 and 170 mg./dl. in cancer patients, between 80 and 110 mg./dl. in peptic ulcer, between 75 and 135 mg./dl. in arachnoiditis, and between 90 and 120 mg./dl. in epilepsy. 4) In other several diseases, sialic acid contents were determined.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YuiYutaka en-aut-sei=Yui en-aut-mei=Yutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OnodaOsamu en-aut-sei=Onoda en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriAkitane en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=Akitane kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugaMasaaki en-aut-sei=Suga en-aut-mei=Masaaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=265 end-page=282 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1957 dt-pub=195709 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=On the March of the Cerebellar Epi?leptic Convlsion in Dogs en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1) Cerebellar convulsion was identical with the cerebral cortical epileptic convulsion and the number of cases in which the march of spasm was observed were quite the same as that of cases in which convulsion occurred at the same time on the whole body. 2) No convulsion occurred by stimulation of the vermis cerebellaris and also convulsions occurred very rarely by that of the cerebellar nuclei. 3) In cases having the march of spasm caused by stimulation of the lobus lunatus anterior, spasm began in the fore limb, while by stimulation of the lobus lunatus inferior and lobus semilunaris spasm started mainly in the hind limb on the side of stimulation. 4) In the case of stimulation of cerebellum, the pathway of the impulse to the opposite side was considered to be the communication between both cerebellar hemispheres and both thalami and thus the march of spasm spread from one side of the body to the other side. 5) No march of cerebellar epileptic convulsion occurred without the cerebral motor cortex. 6) After the removal of both sides of the cerebral motor cortex no march occurred, but the general convulsion occurred. 7) No convulsion occurred by stimulation of the cerebellar hemisphere after the removal of both thalami or both nuclei lenticulares. 8) The march of convulsion occurs by close cooperation of the pyramidal and extrapyramidal tracts. It seems that for the impulse of the convulsion the extrapyramidal tract plays an important role, while for the start of the convulsion, that is, march of spasm pyramidal tract plays the main role.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=JinnaiDennosuke en-aut-sei=Jinnai en-aut-mei=Dennosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KosakaFutami en-aut-sei=Kosaka en-aut-mei=Futami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Osaka University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=338 end-page=346 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1957 dt-pub=195712 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Dysuria following hysterectomy en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In the observations of the pelvic nerves both in the reconstruction model of the pelvis of newborn and that of the extripated specimen after OKABAYASHI's hysterectomy as well as in the observations of pelvic nerves at autopsy, it has been verified that the vesical nerves are extensively extirpated and severed by the radical extensive hysterectomy for cancer of the uterus. Moreover, the micturitional functions after the disruption of communication with the center of micturition in the spinal cord seem to be undertaken by lower peripheral reflex arches located in the vesical wall and in the periurethral region. Therefore, for the recovery of postoperative urinary disturbances, systemic findings as well as findings on the vesical wall seem to be quite important.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SarataniKazuo en-aut-sei=Saratani en-aut-mei=Kazuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=311 end-page=325 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1957 dt-pub=195712 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A study on the dissolution of urinary calculi with polari?zation microscope en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=By prepariug over 100 thin slices from 77 cases of urinary calculi mainly consisted of vesical calculi and immersing them in various solvents, the solubility of these calculi has been examined by polarization microscopy from the standpoints of the composition and structure of urinary calculi. (1) MgNH4P04·6H20 (struvite) has been found to be most soluble and it is the best example in the dissolution of urinary calculi; and as for the solvents, Versene proved to be the best solvent. (2) The alkaline pH seems to have an intimate relationship with the dissolution of uric acid calculi. (3) Calcium oxalate proved to be insoluble in any solvent. In addition, no difference in its stability against solvents could be recognized in its monohydrate or dihydrate: (4) Cystine dissolved in the 10% Versene solution. (5) Amorphous-like substance apparently was dissolved slightly in 0.5% urease solution at 37C, however, it is not possible to dissolve this substance completely, From these results calcium oxalate and amorphous-like substance seem to be the most difficult substances to dissolve, and therefore, the bearing they have on the dissolution of urinary calculi seems to most significant. In the present stage where little is known of real etiologic factors concerning the formation of urinary calculi, in the clinical application of the dissolution of stones further studies need to be carried on, but from the very nature of construction of urinary calculi, the local dissolution methods seem to be rather difficult at present, and rather somatic dissolution in connection with prophylaxis against recurrent stones seems to be the direction in which future studies need to be carried out.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IseiKunisuke en-aut-sei=Isei en-aut-mei=Kunisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=285 end-page=289 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1957 dt-pub=195712 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Tyrosine metabolism of an acatalasemic patient and of the toxohor-mone treated mice en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Tyrosine metabolism of toxohormone-treated mice and acatalasemic patient was not disturbed. These facts do not concur with the report of Zannoni and Bert who stated that catalase was an essential factor for the oxidation of p-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkudaKyuichiro en-aut-sei=Okuda en-aut-mei=Kyuichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HoshijimaHideyuki en-aut-sei=Hoshijima en-aut-mei=Hideyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=DoiGenjiro en-aut-sei=Doi en-aut-mei=Genjiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwadoYoshiyuki en-aut-sei=Iwado en-aut-mei=Yoshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=347 end-page=364 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1957 dt-pub=195712 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A case of histoplasmosis Report 1. Cinical, mycological and pathological observations en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In our country it has been believed that there is no histoplasmosis here in Japan. However, from the above clinical signs, radiological characteristics, laboratory tests, pathological and mycological examinations, and experimental findings, we believe this is the first case of histoplasmosis in Japan.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamatoHitoshi en-aut-sei=Yamato en-aut-mei=Hitoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HitomiHiroshi en-aut-sei=Hitomi en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaekawaSeigen en-aut-sei=Maekawa en-aut-mei=Seigen kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MimuraKoji en-aut-sei=Mimura en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OgawaKatsuo en-aut-sei=Ogawa en-aut-mei=Katsuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=UejimaAkira en-aut-sei=Uejima en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HamazakiYukio en-aut-sei=Hamazaki en-aut-mei=Yukio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Saiseikai Okayama Hospital affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Saiseikai Okayama Hospital affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Saiseikai Okayama Hospital affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Saiseikai Okayama Hospital affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=327 end-page=337 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1957 dt-pub=195712 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Some observations on the outbreak of encepalo-meningornyelitis encountered in Ehime Syuso area through tweenty-eight hospitalized patients (1956) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=An outbreak of encephalomeningomyelitis in Ehime?Syuso area from April to June 1956 was clinico-virologically investigated with the materials obtained from 28 hospitalized cases and their healthy visiting relatives. The major rise in polio type I antibody titer and the positive isolation of 4 strains of type I indicate the epidemy in this area to be the polio type 1. Three undeterminable cytopathogenic agents were concomitantly obtained in the HeLa cultures. The style of this episode was duly compared with the documents already reported.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KitamuraIsamu en-aut-sei=Kitamura en-aut-mei=Isamu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=290 end-page=299 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1957 dt-pub=195712 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Dual action of antihistamines on histamine release en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1. Quantitative examinations were made on the effect of benadryl and neoantergan on the histamine release in vitro from chopped skin of dogs and in vivo from rat skin. For estimation of the in vitro histamine release by biological method, a chemical procedure for separating the diffused-out histamine from mixed antihistamines was carried out. 2. Both antihistamines caused a fairly marked release of histamine from chopped skin tissues in comparatively higher concentrations. This action was synergistic with histamine-releasing effect of sinomenine and anaphylatoxin. 3. In lower concentrations, however, both antihistamines inhibited the in vitro histamine-releasing effect of sinomenine and anaphylatoxin. 4. Administration of a comparatively large amount of benadryl markedly depleted the skin histamine of a rat in vivo but smaller amount clearly suppressed the histamine depletion by subsequently administered sinomenine. 5. Based on the evidence of such dual action of antihistamines, some considerations were made on the site of action of these agents.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamasakiHidemasa en-aut-sei=Yamasaki en-aut-mei=Hidemasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TasakaKenji en-aut-sei=Tasaka en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=300 end-page=310 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1957 dt-pub=195712 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Cytochemical studies of the hemoglobin synthesis of erythroblasts en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The process of hemoglobin sythesis in erythroid cells have been traced mainly by observing cells under the light of 4,060 Å. To scrutinize the theory of hemoglobin synthesis in the nucleus of erythroblasts, several cytochemical and morphological observations were also carried out. The conclusions derived from them are as follows: 1 The absorption at 4,060 Å of the cell, which indicates the location of heme, appeared in the nucleus as early as in the develpmental stage of basophilic erythroblasts. The absorption of hcme in cytoplasm likewise appeared in this stage showing nearly the same intensity of the absorption. The absorption picture of heme in the nucleus, which is coincidental with that of interchromatin, increased along with the progess of maturation as well as in the cytoplasm. The absorption in the nucleus disappeared at the orthochromatic stage where the picture of interchromatin disappeared, while the intensity of absorption in the cytoplasm continued to increase till the stage of reticulocyte. 2 The pseudoperoxidase reaction of hemoglobin, the appearance of acidophlic protein and masked lipids detectable in the location of hemoglobin gave an exactly identical picture with that of the absorption of heme in the nucleus as well as in the cytoplasm. 3 Permeability test performed by supravital staining with Nile blue revealed that the nucleus of erythroblasts from the basophilic to the orthorchromatic stages has increased its permeability being stained selectively as in the case of dead cells. 4 The mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum proved to be retained well in the entire course of hemoglobin synthesis, even after the denucleation, the reticulocyte stage. From these observations the authors believe that the hemoglobin syntheis will take place in the cytoplasm throughout the life cycle of erythroid cells, pointing out that the absorption picturebf heme appearing in the nucleus will be in all likelihood due to the infusion of the hemoglobin from the cytoplasm.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SenoSatimaru en-aut-sei=Seno en-aut-mei=Satimaru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OdaTakuzo en-aut-sei=Oda en-aut-mei=Takuzo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsudaShoji en-aut-sei=Tsuda en-aut-mei=Shoji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshizawaKoyo en-aut-sei=Yoshizawa en-aut-mei=Koyo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakaiAkira en-aut-sei=Sakai en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkazakiHiroaki en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuboYutaka en-aut-sei=Kubo en-aut-mei=Yutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=71 end-page=83 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=195804 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on homogenous grafting of the human ovary Part 2. Homogenous grafting of the ovary to the patient with dysfunction of the ovary en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Homogenous grafting of the ovary to patients of ovarian dysfunction all proved to be effective, but the degree of the effectiveness and the time of appearance of effect of the grafting were not fixed. Moreover, there was no relationship between the effectiveness of grafting and the type of blood. If the various conditions at the time of grafting are taken into? consideration as above mentioned, this operation utilizing as it does the ovary usually discarded at operation may be expected to bring about quite a satisfactory therapeutic result.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SekibaKaoru en-aut-sei=Sekiba en-aut-mei=Kaoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=51 end-page=62 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=195804 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The therapeutic effects of ACTH on Japanese B encephalitis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1. In application of ACTH on seven cases, we obtained dramatic effects on all of them this summer (1957). 2. We believe that the mechamism of ACTH actions are responsible to the diminution of inflammatory reactions in the brain. 3. We are now conducting a series of experiments with the use of animals, the results of which will be reported later.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HirakiKiyoshi en-aut-sei=Hiraki en-aut-mei=Kiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=demiyaYoshikatsu en-aut-sei=demiya en-aut-mei=Yoshikatsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KageyamaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Kageyama en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=42 end-page=50 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=195804 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Two cases of acute basophilic leukemia, with a special reference to basophiloblasts en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The two rare cases with a high fever and anemia as the chief complaints were confirmed to be acute basophilic leukemia on the basis of the following findings, namely, 1) Numerous basophiloblasts and immature basophilocytes were found in the peripheral blood and bone marrow picture, but there were few neutrophils. 2) By the culture of bone marrow in cover-slips the growth type to acute leukemia, these basophilocytes appearing in the growth zone were clearly distinguishable from neutrophils, eosinophils or monocytes by the modus of their movement and cellular structure. 3) In vitro fluid medium culture revealed that blasts decreased in number along with lapse of time whereas immature and mature basophilocytes increased in inverse proportion. Having encountered these two rare cases of acute basophilic leukemia and being able to autopsy one of them, the authors report their case findings and confirm the distinction of basophiloblasts. Judging from these findings, the authors are of the opinion that some modification seems to be in the offering as regard the Naegeli's myeloblast theory.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HirakiKiyoshi en-aut-sei=Hiraki en-aut-mei=Kiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SibataTamotsu en-aut-sei=Sibata en-aut-mei=Tamotsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NabeshimaSaburo en-aut-sei=Nabeshima en-aut-mei=Saburo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=18 end-page=28 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=195804 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Allergic inflammation, its development mechanism and per?meability of cell membrane en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The ascitic monocytes and subcutaneous cells and tissues of sensitized animals have been observed after exposing to antigen for the purpose of revealing the disintegration processes of the cells related with inflammation and it has been proved that the permeability of the cell membrane increases markedly resulting in the swelling of the cells at the moment when the cells come in contact with antigen. The localization of the antigen in the Arthus' phenomenon will be the results of the gelatination of the inter-cellular tissues and the swelling of cells. And it is indicated that the cell death accompanied by an allergic inflammation is caused by the increased permeability of the cell membrane which will result in the activation of the intra-cellular enzymes followed by the acute disintegration of the molecular structure of the cell and release of the so-called inflammatory substances.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SenoSatimaru en-aut-sei=Seno en-aut-mei=Satimaru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuokaIwao en-aut-sei=Matsuoka en-aut-mei=Iwao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=UtsumiKozo en-aut-sei=Utsumi en-aut-mei=Kozo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayashiHiroshi en-aut-sei=Hayashi en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=AmanoIsao en-aut-sei=Amano en-aut-mei=Isao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=63 end-page=70 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=195804 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on homogenous grafting of the human ovary Part 1. Homogenous grafting of the ovary to castrated women en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The grafting itself can be successful only when the type of blood between the recipient and the donor of the ovary meets the requirements for blood transfusion. In the case of success in the grafting, a marked activity of the grafted ovary can be observed about two months afterward by the vaginal smear method, but no cyclic phenomenon can be recognized nor biphasic picture suggestive of the progesterone activity in the basal body temperature.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SekibaKaoru en-aut-sei=Sekiba en-aut-mei=Kaoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=29 end-page=41 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=195804 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=An electron-microscopic study on lipogenesis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=With the purpose to elucidate morphologically the site where fat synthesis takes place in the cell, electron-microscopic observation has been conducted on the interscapular brown fat tissue of mice at various periods of carbohydrate introduction after starvation. By starving mice, the depot lipids in the brown fat have been discharged almost completely, and the carbohydrate introduction has caused the biosynthesis of lipids from carbohydrtates in the same tissue. Observations on the tissues proved that the lipogenesis in the brown fat tissue cells takes place in the ground substance keeping the intimate correlation with the endoplasmic reticulum but not in the mitochondria.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OdaTakuzo en-aut-sei=Oda en-aut-mei=Takuzo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshizawaKoyo en-aut-sei=Yoshizawa en-aut-mei=Koyo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamotoTakashi en-aut-sei=Nakamoto en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuboYutaka en-aut-sei=Kubo en-aut-mei=Yutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkazakiHiroaki en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=84 end-page=91 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=195804 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on diagnosis of leukemia by tissue culture en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=By our method of bone marrow culture and peripheral leucocyte culture, the differentiation of leukemia from other diseases is simplified. By this method the acute form of leukemia can be differentiated from the chronic form, and the classification of leukemia by the leucocyte series becomes easy and exact. It is believed that this method is clinically quite useful.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HirakiKiyoshi en-aut-sei=Hiraki en-aut-mei=Kiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=17 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=195804 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Blood vessels and their construction in the cavities of pulmonary tuberculosis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=First of all, we investigated the origin, the construction and distribution of the bronchial arteries and veins in adult rabbits, and then observed various changes of the blood vessels in experimental cavities and caseous foci and also studied the effects of streptomycin and isoniazide on the blood vessels of the cavity wall. The summary findings of the present experiments are described in the following. 1) In ten out of the fifteen rabbits emloyed, the bronchial artery originates from the right supreme intercostal artery; in three cases, in addition to this origin, it originates also from the left supreme intercostal artery; and in another case from the intercostal thoracic artery; while in the remaining one from the arc of the aorta. 2) The bronchial veins are divided into the extra-pulmonary and the intra-pulmonary veins. The former arises from the submucous blood vessels located in the proximal part of the third bronchus, and running along with the bronchial artery, finally empties into the superior Vena cava; while the latter, originating from the submucous capillaries in the distal part of the third bronchus, and after anastomosing with one another in the capsule of the bronchus, is communicated with the pulmonary veins. 3) In the caseous foci, although blood vessels are obliterated, capillaries are newly formed around the main trunks of the pulmonary artery and vein as well as around their residual branches. 4) These caseous foci are supplied with arterial blood from the bronchial arteries, the blood vessels in the bronchial wall, and the newlyformed vessels of pulmonary arterial origin. 5) The capillaries in the cavity wall are classified into three types according to their origins; namely, Type I, those regenerating from fine branches of the pulmonary vessels; Type Ⅱ, those regenerating from the main trunk of the pulmonary vessels; and Type Ⅲ, those regenerating from the bronchial artery situated in the orifice of the drainage bronchus. 6) The tuberculous cavities only in the orifice of the drainage bronchus receive an abundant supply of arterial blood directly from the bronchial artery, but those in other regions receive a scanty blood supply indirectly from the anastomoses between the bronchial artery, its sister vessels and the pulmonary artery. 7) The regeneration of blood vessels in tuberculous foci has been confirmed to occur not only in the bronchial artery and its sister blood vessels but also in the pulmonary artery and vein as well. 8) The constructions of blood vessels in the cavities treated with streptomycin or isoniazide present no significant difference from those of the control. 9) The regeneration of blood vessels and hyperemia in the cavity wall of the cases treated with streptomycin present no significant difference from those observed in the control, but the cases treated with isoniazide show marked hyperemia, newly-formed vessels, and occasional bleedings.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HirakiKiyoshi en-aut-sei=Hiraki en-aut-mei=Kiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakataJun-nosuke en-aut-sei=Takata en-aut-mei=Jun-nosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=93 end-page=111 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=195807 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effect of histamine releasers and of anti-inflammatory drugs on the egg-white edema of rat's hind paws in relation to skin histamine en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1. A method was described for a fairly accurate judgement of the effect of drugs inhibiting the edema in hind paws of a rat caused by local injection of egg white. 2. The degree of inhibition of egg-white edema by single doses of sinomenine, compound 48/80, or dextran was in parallel with histamine reduction in skin and other tissues of the paws (and the skin of abdomen), although prevention of the edema by prolonged treatment with sinomenine was incomplete even when the releasable histamine of the skin was practically exhausted. 3. Sodium salicylate, aminopyrine, butazolidine sodium, cortisone, and guaiazulene were capable of inhibiting egg-white edema without modifying the content of skin histamine. These drugs and a small dose of phenergan potentiated the inhibition by dextran of egg-white edema and inhibited the release of histamine by dextran. These actions lasted for over 24 hours with the exception of guaiazulene. 4. Irgapyrin and a large dose of phenergan, which possess actions of histamine release and of histamine release inhibition and also antihistaminic action, caused a slight reduction of skin histamine and a comparatively marked inhibition of the edema. 5. In adrenalectomized or hypophysectomized rats, the edema-inhibiting effect of salicylate and aminopyrine decreased but that of cortisone increased. The effect of guaiazulene remained unchanged. 6. The observations that inhibition of egg-white edema is caused by (a) histamine releasers, (b) histamine-release inhibitor, and (c) drugs exerting both histamine release and inhibition of the release were discussed with the consideration to a relationship between egg-white edema and skin histamine.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IrinoShozo en-aut-sei=Irino en-aut-mei=Shozo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=157 end-page=173 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=195807 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Tendon transfers for claw hand en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We have recently operated on 56 cases of claw hand and described the method of tendon transfer in Hansen's disease which occupied the majority of the cases, and several problems have been discussed from our experiences.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TsugeKenya en-aut-sei=Tsuge en-aut-mei=Kenya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaniTasaburo en-aut-sei=Tani en-aut-mei=Tasaburo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaSenji en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Senji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NambaMasashi en-aut-sei=Namba en-aut-mei=Masashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=174 end-page=185 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=195807 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The tendon grafting in finger and our method en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In the foregoing our methods of the grafting of tendon in finger used recently are presented. Namely, the proximal ends of tendon to be grafted are at first sutured by the embedding method of BUNNELL, and then the distal ends are fixed with our method we get the benefits of giving just appropriate tension to the tendon and also of reliable fixation. Finally the findings before and after operation on the two cases treated by our method are pictorially presented in Figs. 12 and 13.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TsugeKenya en-aut-sei=Tsuge en-aut-mei=Kenya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkamatsuHideo en-aut-sei=Akamatsu en-aut-mei=Hideo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsushitaMasayoshi en-aut-sei=Matsushita en-aut-mei=Masayoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=112 end-page=125 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=195807 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Granuloma pouch and skin histamine of the rat en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Using the granuloma pouch technique of SELYE, effect of modification in local histamine on the inflammatory tissue reactions was examined in rats. The increase in the weight of pouch wall and histological inflammatory changes were distinctly inhibited in either case of histamine depletion by sinomenine and of desensitization to histamine by repeated injections of histamine. In rats injected with aminoguanidine, the skin and local histamine contents increased in similar degree as those in rats receiving histamine injection, but the inflammatory tissue reactions were severer than in the control. The total histamine of the pouch wall during inflammation reached the maximum four days after the injection of croton oil and decreased thereaftcr. The prcliferative processes indicating the recovery of injured tissues in later stages of the inflammation were the most vigorous in rats treated with histamine and this was in contrast to the extreme weakness of this tendency in animals in which the local histamine had been depleted. These observations not only suggests the fairly close relationship of histamine to carly reaction of inflammation but also indicates the role of histamine in its recovery processes.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IrinoShozo en-aut-sei=Irino en-aut-mei=Shozo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=151 end-page=156 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=195807 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Glanduitrine, dolantine et scopolamine entre nos procedures l'anesthetique en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=L'auteur fait connaitre ses pocedes d'affaiblissement des douleurs parturiaux avec Dolantine+Glanduitrine+Scopolamine, d'abord isolement, puis combines. Il remarque, que pendant les visitations il a controle plusieurs des fois l'activite de l'uterus, ainsi que la mecanisme d'effet des medicines, par la tocographie.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SzirmaiE. en-aut-sei=Szirmai en-aut-mei=E. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Laboratoire Physiologique de Coagulation et des Recherches Pratiques de la Musculature END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=139 end-page=150 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=195807 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Fundamental studies on the peripheral leucocyte culture and its clinical application en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=With an improved method of tissue culture of peripheral leucocytes of our own design, the authors carried out systematic observations on the peripheral leucocyte culture from the normal, various kinds of leukemias, leukemoid reactions, and hypoplastic anemia. As for the culture method we have devised a method of silicon oil coating on the blood containers, a method which will least affect the cell function as compared with the conventional culture method. As the results we have found that the tissue growth in the case of peripheral leucocyte culture of normal persons ceases after six-hour culture and also we have recognized a peculiar finding, a growth like a corona-shape, in which an empty space appears in the inner part of growth area along with the lapse of time. In every leukemic case, without presenting growth area like a corona, the cell density is high and the outer zone of growth area becomes sharply demarcated as in the case with bone-marrow culture and also the growth continues even after 12 hours. At this instance we have noticed many mitoses of immature cells. Moreover, the maturation of immature cells has been observed and it has also been possible to distinguish to what type these immature cells belonged. In the leukemoid reaction no growth pattern Characteristic to the leukemia can be recognized, and at a glance it can easily be differentiated from the leukemia. In the case of hypoplastic anemia although the growth area is like that of the normal presenting a corona-like shape, the cell density is lower and the function of leucccytes is lesser than the normal. From these results we believe that the peripheral leucocyte culture is clinically useful.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HirakiKiyoshi en-aut-sei=Hiraki en-aut-mei=Kiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SunamiHiroshi en-aut-sei=Sunami en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SogawaTamotsu en-aut-sei=Sogawa en-aut-mei=Tamotsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=127 end-page=138 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=195807 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Study on sideroblasts as a determi?nation method of the erythropoietic function of bone marrow en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=With the purpose to study sideroblasts as a means of diagnosing blood diseases and to pursue the metabolism of non-hemin iron in erythroblasts we investigated sideroblasts (erythroblasts containing iron granules stainable by Prussian blue) under various erythropoietic conditions in the human and rabbits, and obtained the following results: 1. In blood diseases the proportion of sideroblasts in the case of low erythropoietic condition is higher and in the case with accelerated erythropoietic condition and of iron deficiency it tends to be lower than that in normal persons. Further, obtaining sideroblastogram and sideroblast ratio (S. r.) from the classification of Types I, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ according to the iron granule content, it has been proven that abnormal conditions can be clearly distinguished from the normal, indicating that sideroblasts are closely associated with erythropoietic function. This is proven to be a far superior method for the diagnosis as well as for the prognosis of blood diseases than the determination of serum iron. 2. In experimental anemic rabbits the relationship of sideroblasts to the condition of erythropoietic function is still more clearly recognized, and it has been found that variations in the sideroblast count is dependent upon the condition of the equilibrium between the iron supply from serum iron and the iron utilization controlled by the erythropoietic function. 3. In addition, in the iron-treated rabbits under various erythropoietic conditions we have been able to confirm that there are a certain mechanism and a limitation to the iron intake by erythroblasts, and that erythroblasts take essentially three steps of metabolic processes, namely, intake, retention, and utilization of iron almost simultaneously, in the latter half of the maturation stage.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HirakiKiyoshi en-aut-sei=Hiraki en-aut-mei=Kiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimuraIkuro en-aut-sei=Kimura en-aut-mei=Ikuro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=261 end-page=280 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=195810 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The morphological study of blood vessels in cervical carcinoma (Three-dimensional study by reconstruction models) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=With a view to study the blood vessel construction in cervical cancer the author prepared the reconstruction models and the results to be described below were obtained by three-dimensional observations carried on the models. 1. The arteries in the surrounding tissues of cancer are markedly proliferated, and in the surrounding tissues they present the formation of blood-vessel bands. 2. The spiral formation or corkscrew-like formation presented by blood vessels in the bands in the surrounding tissues of cancer seems to be the characteristic of arteries. 3. As for the direction of flow of arteries in the tissues surrounding cancer, the arteries in the normal case generally run slanting towards the surface of the cervix in the direction of the periphery, but the arteries in the surrounding tissues of cancer run towards the cancer tissue. 4. Apart from mother blood vessels, the blood vessels in the cancer tissue all present an imperfect capillary?like construction and there is none that possesses the normal arterial or venous con struction. Some part is dilatated and other part is narrow, suggesting an imcomplete blood supply. The direction of the flow is also irregular. Mother blood vessels grow rapidly large once they are taken into the cancer tissue. 5. All blood vessels other than the mother vessels reveal an imperfect capillary-like coustruction in the cancer tissue, and in places the walls of these blood. vessels are indistinct; and consequently it is but natural that they bleed so easily.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SugiharaShotaro en-aut-sei=Sugihara en-aut-mei=Shotaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=233 end-page=240 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=195810 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A histochemical study of the red and white muscle fibers Part III. Activity of the diphosphopyridine nucleotide diaphorase and triphosphopyridine nucleotide diaphorase in muscle fibers en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=From the histochemical study of DPN and TPN diaphorase on the striated muscles of the cats, the following results were obtained. 1. M. gastrocnemius, which belongs to the white muscle by naked eye, consists of three types of muscle fibers distinguished by the DPN diaphorase staining: namely, the small muscle fibers, i. e., the red muscle fibers show a moderate activity, being stained pink, while the large muscle fibers, i. e., the white muscle fibers show a low activity, being stained faint pink. The. third type of muscle fibers: namely, the medium fibers are stained pale pink and show the enzymatic activity intermediate between the red and white muscle fibers. 2. M. soleus, belonging to the red muscle by naked eye, consists of three types of fibers distinguished by the DPN-diaphorase staining, i. e., the red muscle fibers are stained pink, medium fibers pale pink, and a few white muscle fibers faint pink. The diameters of these three types of muscle fibers in M. soleus are almost the same. 3. From the staining pattern of TPN-diaphorase in M. gastrocnemius and M. soleus, the three types of muscle fibers can be distinguished by TPN-diaphorase activity, namely, the red muscle fibers show a high TPN-diaphorase activity, being stained purple, while, the white muscle fibers a low activity, being stained pale pink. The medium fibers are stained pink and show a moderate enzymatic activity intermediate between the red and white muscle fibers. 4. The TPN-diaphorase activity is higher than the DPN-diaphorase activity in the striated muscle, but it is less active than the TPN-diapborase activity in the kidney. However, the activity of DPN-diaphorase in the striated muscle is quite lower than that of the kidney.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OgataTakuro en-aut-sei=Ogata en-aut-mei=Takuro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=205 end-page=515 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=195810 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Cytochemicar demonstra?tion of the sites of activity of the terminal electron transport system with the electron microscope en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In an attempt to pursue the relationship of the fine structure of a cell to the biochemical function, the author at first tried to demonstrate cytochemically the actual sites of activity of enzymes in the terminal electron transport system involved in energy production with the use of the electron microscope. Namely, cytochemical reactions were performed by using potassium tellurite, a heavy metal salt, and then the author succeeded in the electron microscopic detection of the enzymes by freezing-drying method and by means of formalin fixation, strong reducing agents and osmium tetroxide fixation. As the results the author has been able to verify that the reactions of the enzymes belonging to the terminal electron transport system are found localizing in the mitochondria being arranged fairly densely and continuously on the critae and partially on the membrane, although some differences in the grade of the activity are found in each mitochondria even in one cell and a marked difference between the mitocndria belonging to the different kinds of cells. Furthermore, it has been clarified that the activity of the endogenous dehydrogenase system (mainly DPNH- or TPNH-dehydrogenase and others) is chiefly strong in cristae, and that the succinoxidase system exists both in cristae and membrane.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OdaTakuzo en-aut-sei=Oda en-aut-mei=Takuzo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakaiAkira en-aut-sei=Sakai en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkazakiHiroaki en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=216 end-page=227 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=195810 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A histochemical study of the red and white muscle fibers Part I. Activity of the succinoxydase system in muscle fibers en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=From the histochemical studies of succinic dehydrogenase on the striated muscle of the fish, frog, bird and mammal, the following results were obtained. (1) The red muscle fiber shows a higher succinic dehydrogenase activity, while the white muscle fiber a lower activity. The third type of muscle fiber "medium fiber", which is intermediate in the succinic dehydrogenase activity between the red and white muscle fiber, is observed practically in all of the striated muscle of mammals. (2) There is a good parallelism between succinic dehydrogenase activity and stainability to Sudan black B among the three types of muscle fibers. (3) From the nature of the constituent fibers, muscles can be divided into three groups, i. e., gastrocnemius type, soleus type and diaphragma type. (4) Those belonging to the gastrocnemius type are composed of three types of fibers, i. e., those of large size, low in activity of succinic dehydrogenase reaction and low in sudanophilicity; those of small size, high in enzymatic activity and in sudanophilicity; and those of medium size, moderate in enzymaticactivity and in sudanophilicity. (5) Those belonging to the soleus type, are composed of fibers almost equal in size which can be divided into two by the enzymatic activity and sudanophilicity, excepting the few with low enzymatic activity. (6) Those belonging to diaphragma type, are composed of three kinds of fibers showing different enzymatic activity as in the case of gastrocnemius type, but there is no correlation between the size and the enzymatic activity and sudanophilicity differing from the latter. (7) The difference in succinic dehydrogenase reaction as demonstrated among three types of fibers is due to the difference in number or in activity of mitochondria. (8) The pigeon breast muscle is composed mostly of red muscle fibers, and a few white muscle fibers, while the sparrow breast muscle is composed only of red muscle fibers. (9) The bloody colored muscle of the fish corresponds to the red muscle of the mammals. The white muscle of the fish is composed of three types of fibers. (10) The frog muscle is cmposed of three types of fibers.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OgataTakuro en-aut-sei=Ogata en-aut-mei=Takuro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=254 end-page=260 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=195810 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Die messungsm?glichkeit der resultate der verschiedenen medikamenteneinwirkungen auf den Musculus masseter mit dem Szirmaischen myotonometer en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Die Autoren geben bekannt, daβ das SZIRMAI'sche Myotonometer nicht nur in der Diagnostik der Stomatologie auch von Bedeutung ist, sondern man ist imstande mit Hilfe des Apparates nicht nur auf dentalem Gebiet, sondern auch bei anderen verschiedentlichen Krankheiten die Einwirkung der Medikamente auf die Kaumuskel bzw. auch auf den Musculus Masseter aus zu werten. Somit konnen wir bei der zahnarztlichen Therapie die objektivste Behandlungsmethode erwahlen.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SzirmaiE. en-aut-sei=Szirmai en-aut-mei=E. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=Przedpelska-KoczocikJ. en-aut-sei=Przedpelska-Koczocik en-aut-mei=J. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=JuranyiR. en-aut-sei=Juranyi en-aut-mei=R. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaberlA. en-aut-sei=Haberl en-aut-mei=A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Aus dem gerinnungsphysiologischen affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Medizinischen Akademie in Poznan affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Aus dem gerinnungsphysiologischen affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Aus dem gerinnungsphysiologischen END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=187 end-page=192 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=195810 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on the megakaryocytes, platelets separation and degeneration en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=From these findings, we confirmed that the tongue-like process formations of the cells which are still believed as the platelets formation by many investigators, would be nothing but the presentation of the cell degeneration and platelets are separated only from the tips of tentacles.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HirakiKiyoshi en-aut-sei=Hiraki en-aut-mei=Kiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SunamiHiroshi en-aut-sei=Sunami en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OgawaraKenjiro en-aut-sei=Ogawara en-aut-mei=Kenjiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=241 end-page=253 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=195810 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Neues stomatologisches verfahren : Myologische bestimmung der funktion der kaumuskulatur bzw. des M. masseters mit dem Szirmaischen myotonometer en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Die Autoren haben festgestellt, daβ man mit Hilfe des Myotonometers auf Grund von Kau- bzw. Masseterfunktionsmessung auf verschiedene stomatologische Krankheiten, bzw. auf verschiedene Veranderungen schliessen kann. Man kann feststellen, ob die Muskeln atrophisch sind oder nicht, was fur eine Prothese bei einzelnen Individuen der Funktion der Muskeln entspricht, ob eine Prothese schlecht ist, welche Verfahren fur die Orthodontie bzw. Prognathie notwendig sind und welche Medikamente eine gute stomatologische Wirkung haben. Auch die verschiedenen orthopadischen Fragen sind erleichtert.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SzirmaiE. en-aut-sei=Szirmai en-aut-mei=E. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=Koczocik-PrzedpelskaJ. en-aut-sei=Koczocik-Przedpelska en-aut-mei=J. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Aus dem Laboratorium fur Gerinnugsphysiologie affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Institut der Med. Akademie, Poznan END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=193 end-page=204 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=195810 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=An analytical study on the reduction of neotetrazolium chloride by the terminal electron transport system en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In order to determine the steps with which the reaction of neotetrazolium chloride reduction conjugates in the terminal electron transport system, an analytical study on the neotetrazolium reduction by tissue homogenates was carried out using various substrates such as sodium succinate, p-phenylenediamine, sodium malate, sodium α-glutamate and DPN, and inhibitors such as sodium malonate, potassium cyanide and antimycin A, as the results the following conclusions were drawn. 1. The reaction of neotetrazolium reduction by tissue homogenate using sodium succinate as substrate is mainly the succinoxidase system reaction; and the reaction takes place conjugating about 50 per cent in the step of the succinic dehydrogenase system (succinic dehydrogease, cytochrome b and cytochrome C1), of these about 15 per cent conjugates in the step prior to the antimycin A sensitive step and 35 per cent in the step itself; and about 50 per cent in the step of cytochrome c oxidase. 2. In the case using p-phenylenediamine as substrate the reaction of neotetrazolium reduction is the reaction due to the activity of cytochrome c-cytochrome oxidase system; and when p-phenylenediamine is used with the sufficient amount of cytochrome c, the reaction appears to be dependent on cytochrome c oxidase activity. Neotetrazolium reduction in all these reactions takes place conjugating in the step of cytochrome c oxidase. 3. In the case where DPN and substrates taking DPN as a coenzyme are used, the reaction of neotetrazolium reduction is mainly the reaction conjugating at the step below antimycin A sensitive step in the DPNHcytochrome c reductase system (flavoprotein, cytochrome b and cytochrome c;), probably with the flavoprotein of DPNH-dehydrogenase. 4. Endogenous dehydrogenase reactions are the sum total reactions conjugating at the steps prior to the antimycin A sensitive step in the terminal electron transport system and with other various reduction systems which are not inhibited by antimycin A.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OdaTakuzo en-aut-sei=Oda en-aut-mei=Takuzo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkazakiHiroaki en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=281 end-page=283 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=195810 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A new method for counting the reticulocyte number en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The counting of reticulocyte number by the routine method on the dye fillms often leads to a poor result. This can be avoided by counting them on the collodion dye film on which the almost equal distribution of reticulocytes can be attained.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SenoSatimaru en-aut-sei=Seno en-aut-mei=Satimaru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=UtsumiKozo en-aut-sei=Utsumi en-aut-mei=Kozo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=AwaiMichiyasu en-aut-sei=Awai en-aut-mei=Michiyasu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SanadaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Sanada en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=228 end-page=232 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=195810 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A histochemical study of the red and white muscle fibers Part II. Activity of the cytochrome oxidase in muscle fibers en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=From the histochemical studies of cytocyrome oxidase on the striated muscles of the cats and mice, the following results have been obtained. The three types of muscle fibers are distinguishable by the activity of cytochrome oxidase from each other as by the succinic dehydrogenase activity, namely, the red muscle fibers show a high cytochrome oxidase activity, the medium fibers a moderate activity, and the white muscle fibers a low activity. And it is suggested that these three types of fibers are different in their respiration, metabolism and have the different functions.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OgataTakuro en-aut-sei=Ogata en-aut-mei=Takuro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=336 end-page=353 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=195812 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Pathophysiological studies on ferric iron. Part 4. Bio?logical observation of serum iron colloid en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The iron introduced into vein in the form of the serum iron colloid is rapidly incorporated into ferritin and hemoglobin in a markedly high level with the increase in their amounts, without showing any ill effects. Experiments also show that there is another course of iron metabolism for the incorporation into ferritin and hemoglobin than the physiologic course by the aid of metal combining protein. This is true, however, only in the case in which the normal function of RES is retained. The incorporation of iron into ferritin and hemoglobin is accelerated in anemic animals and delayed in those having RES whose function is disturbed. From these results the author would suggest that the anemic patients may be given a quantity of iron in the form of serum iron colloid directly into vein without causing any side effects.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AwaiMichiyasu en-aut-sei=Awai en-aut-mei=Michiyasu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=293 end-page=301 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=195812 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=New colorimetic methods for the estimation of cytochrome c oxidase and of cytochrome c-cyto-chrome oxidase system en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=New colorimetric methods for the estimation of the activities of cytochrome c oxidase and of cytochrome c-cytochrome oxidase system in tissue homogenates are described, using neotetrazolium chloride in the presence of p-phenylenediamine with or without additional cytochrome c. Optimal time of incubation, optimal concentration of the incubation medium and amounts of tissue, and simple method for the extraction of the reduced neotetrazolium chloride were determined. The reduction of neotetrazolium chloride was proportional to the amount of enzyme. Using this method, colorimetric estimations of cytochrome c-cytochrome oxidase system activity in the kidney, heart, liver, brains, and skeletal muscle were made. The procedures of these methods are very simple, and they are considered to be feasible in the combination with histochemical demonstrations of these enzyme activities.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OdaTakuzo en-aut-sei=Oda en-aut-mei=Takuzo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SekiShuji en-aut-sei=Seki en-aut-mei=Shuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkazakiHiroaki en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=328 end-page=335 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=195812 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Pathophysiological studies on ferric iron. Part 3. An electronmicroscopic studies on serum iron colloid and some iron preparates en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Electron microscopic observations revealed that the serum ferric chloride mixture prepared in the range of pH 5.4 and 8.2 is of colloidal solution whose particles are composed of electron-dense iron colloid nuclei surrounded by protein cortex formed by the absorption around the iron colloid particles. The elevation of pH over 9.0 or the lowering below pH 3 in media results in the loss of the protein cortex enhancing the growth of each molecule to longer ones and to coagulate with each other. Ferritrat proved to have almost the same cortex surrounding the iron colloid as that of serum ferric chloride mixture, but the colloid particles were larger than those of the latter. Both Ferrobalt and the gelatin ferric chloride mixture are of colloid solution but the colloid particles are heterogenous both in size and shape and have no cortex part. Glufericon will be true solution of organic iron complex.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AwaiMichiyasu en-aut-sei=Awai en-aut-mei=Michiyasu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=363 end-page=376 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=195812 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Relationship of chronic marginal periodontitis (alveolar pyorrhea) to histamine en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1. Considering an imaginable important role of histamine in inflammations or allergic reactions, some clinical and experimental studies were made for the purpose of findings the relationship of the pathological changes of A. P. to local histamine. 2. Gingivae in the case of A. P. showed a remarkable quantitative increase of histamine, compared with those in the case of normal healthy controls. It could be noticed that this increase had an increasing tendency in proportion to the degree of inflammatory pathologic changes in the gingiva. 3. In the gingivae of A. P. an increase of mast cells and their morphologic changes, particularly disintegration, were seen and the grade of changes was almost parallel to an increase of histamine. 4. When a histamine solution was repeatedly injected into the mucobuccal folds of animals, a remarkable increase of histamine and mast cells in the injected gingivae were recognized with inflammatory changes. An increase of gingival histamine could be hardly recognized by means of a simple mechanical stimulation or local anaphylaxis alone. However, in the combination of two, the increase of histamine was seen and relatively remarkable inflammatory changes suggestive of A. P. were macroscopically and microscopically noticed. 5. Topical applications of the ointment mixed with sinomenine, histamine-liberating substance, and benadryl, antihistamine substance, repeated every other day in the gingival pockets, showed favorable effects in slight or early cases of A. P. 6. These observations suggest the existence of both possible role of histamine in the development of local pathologic condition of A. P. and allergic processes in etiologic factors of the disease.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FujiokaYukio en-aut-sei=Fujioka en-aut-mei=Yukio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=310 end-page=319 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=195812 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Pathophysiological studies on ferric iron. Part I. Chemi?cal reaction between ferric iron and serum en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=By mixing ferric iron with serum protein, 20 cc of serum and 1 cc of ferric chloride or ferric ammonium sulfate (l0 mg ferric iron/cc in each), in the range of pH 5.4 to 8.2, a transparent brownish red colored solution can be obtained. Paperelectrochromatography proved the iron can mainly be detected in β-globulin fraction in bovine serum and in α-globulin and albumin fractions in human and rabbit sera. But the absorption spectrum proved that there is no formation of any new compound, giving almost the same absorption curve as in the serum protein itself. And by lowering the pH of media below 5.4, the solution gives immediately the positive reaction of ferric iron. From these rerults it is suggested that iron will be maintained in a colloidal state keeping the stability of this state in the presence of protein molecules. Freezing and drying are the procedures quite useful for keeping this material for a long period of time without changing the chemical characteristics.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AwaiMichiyasu en-aut-sei=Awai en-aut-mei=Michiyasu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=287 end-page=292 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=195812 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on thyroid func?tion Ⅱ. Effect of thyroidectomy and thyroid extract on the urinary amino acids of animals en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1. α-Aminoadipic acid and lysine are increased in the urine of thyroidectomized dog. 2. Pipecolic acid is increased in the urine of rat treated with thyroid extract. 3. Relation between thyroid function and lysine metabolism is discussed.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KurahashiKengo en-aut-sei=Kurahashi en-aut-mei=Kengo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwadoYoshiyuki en-aut-sei=Iwado en-aut-mei=Yoshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=DoiGenziro en-aut-sei=Doi en-aut-mei=Genziro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=377 end-page=381 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=195812 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Some investigations on glucose tolerance in epileptics and patients with psychoses en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=An abnormal glucose tolerance is often found in patients with psychiatric or neurologic diseases, and the problem is then, what does this abnormal glucose tolerance mean and what is the relation between this and the patient's psychic state.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=PlumClaus Munk en-aut-sei=Plum en-aut-mei=Claus Munk kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Kolonien Filadelfia END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=355 end-page=362 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=195812 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Die wahl der richti-gen therapie bei verschidenen Krankheitbildern durch Registrierung mittels des Szirmaischen Myographen und durch die Berechnung des Reaktions-indexes (R. I.) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Die Autoren haben mit Hilfe des Szirmaischen Myographen auf Grund der Messung vor und nach der Behandlung den Reaktions-Index aus den Myogrammen erhalten. Mit dieser Methode laβt sich in einer sehr kurzen Zeit bei verschiedenen Krankheiten die gunstigste Therapie auswahlen und deren Wirksamkeit in Prozenten auswerten.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SzirmaiE. en-aut-sei=Szirmai en-aut-mei=E. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=Koczocik-PrzedpelskaJ. en-aut-sei=Koczocik-Przedpelska en-aut-mei=J. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Aus der Forschungsstelle fur Gerinnungsphysiologie affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Institut der Medizinischen Akademi in Poznan END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=302 end-page=309 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=195812 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=New methods for the histochemical and cytochemical demonstrtion of cytochrome c oxidase and of cytochrome c- cytochrome oxidase system en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=New histochemical and cytochemical methods for the demonstration of cytochrome c oxidase and of cytochrome c-cytochrome oxidase system are described, using neotetrazolium chloride in the presence of p phenylenediamine with or without additional cytochrome c. These enable the cytochemical visualization of the sites of enzyme activity at the intracellular level in fresh cell suspensions and in fresh tissue blocks under aerobic conditions, and permit the histochemical visualization of the distribution of the enzyme activity in various tissues in frozen tissue sections. The colorimetric estimation of the enzyme activity is also possible in the combination of the methods previously described.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OdaTakuzo en-aut-sei=Oda en-aut-mei=Takuzo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkazakiHiroaki en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SekiShuji en-aut-sei=Seki en-aut-mei=Shuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=320 end-page=327 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=195812 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Pathophysiological studies on ferric iron. Part 2. Quan?titative observations on the reaction between ferric iron and the serum protein en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=According to the method presented in the first report the author mixed ferric iron solution and serum with the various proportions of serum and iron, limiting the pH level of the media wihin 5.4 to 8.3. It was found there was a certain level exceeding which the iron could no longer move with protein on the paperelectrochromatography. The maximum level was found to be81, 500γ% in the case of ferric chloride and 77, 200γ% in ferric ammonium sulfate, when the bovine serum was used as a protecting colloid. The iron added in excess of this level was found retarding at the starting line suggesting the formation of gross iron hydroxide colloid.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AwaiMichiyasu en-aut-sei=Awai en-aut-mei=Michiyasu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=31 end-page=44 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=195904 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Histo-chemical and cytochemical studies on the succinic dehydroge-nase system with three ditetrazolium salts, NT, Nitro-NT, and Nitro-Bt en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1. Histochemical and cytochemical studies with respect to the sites of reaction were made on the succinic dehydrogenase system activity of human and animal tissues using ditetrazolium salts, namely, neotetrazolium chloride, nitro-neotetrazolium chloride, and nitra-blue tetrazolium chloride. 2. The advantages and disadvantages of each ditetrazolium salt for histochemical and cytochemical purposes and the reaction taking place in frozen tissue sections and that in fresh tissue blocks were compared, and the method of procedure suitable for each condition was established with some modification. 3. Selecting conditions suitable for cytochemical purpose, it was shown that the reaction took place at the sites coinciding with mitochondria, and the distribution of the enzyme reaction was also examined. In addition, several new findings in the brains and other tissues cytochemically made clear were pointed out.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OdaTakuzo en-aut-sei=Oda en-aut-mei=Takuzo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuokaKenichi en-aut-sei=Matsuoka en-aut-mei=Kenichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkazakiHiroaki en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawasakiMasayoshi en-aut-sei=Kawasaki en-aut-mei=Masayoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=14 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=195904 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on prevention of infection (I) Antigenic capacity of enzymati-cally active fractions isolated from tubercle bacilli against tuberculosis of mouse en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=After grinding the tubercle bacilli cells, both human virulent strain, H37Rv, and avirulent strain, H37Ra, cultured in 5auton's medium, and obtaining three fractions of R1, S1 and R2 (R1, the first sediment; S1, the second supernatant; and R2, the second sediment) by the ultracentrifugation, the authors studied the enzymatic activities and the antigenic capacity against infection of these fractions; and obtained the following results: 1) Although the R1-fraction confers the defensive forte to mice in some degree, because of the presence of living bacilli in the fraction, it is difficult to decide definitely whether the defensive force owes its capability to this fraction or to living bacilli at the present stage of our experiment. 2) The S1-fraction possesses enzymatic activity on various substrates, but it does not confer animal any defensive force against infection. 3) The R2-fraction specifically oxidizes lactate and succinate" and it can markedly impart animal the defensive ability against infection.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MurakamiSakae en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Sakae kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkaYoshikazu en-aut-sei=Oka en-aut-mei=Yoshikazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuuraYoshiyuki en-aut-sei=Matsuura en-aut-mei=Yoshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshiokaTatsuji en-aut-sei=Yoshioka en-aut-mei=Tatsuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=27 end-page=30 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=195904 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Amino acid concentra?tion in different parts of the dog brain en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The present paper describes each pattern of the free amino acids in different parts of the dog brain determined by ion-exchange chromatography. The parts examined have been the cerebral cortex, cerebral white matter, cerebellar hemisphere, cerebellar vermis, caudate nucleus, thalamus, hypothalamus, and medulla oblongata. Gamma-aminobutyric acid concentration was the highest in the hypothalamus. Glutamic acid showed lower values in the white matter, hypothalamus, and medulla oblongata. Aspartic acid showed lower values in the white matter and caudate nucleus and higher values in the medulla oblongata. Glutathione and cystathionine showed higher values in the thalamus. N-Acetylaspartic acid showed lower values in the white matter and medulla oblongata. Glycine and alanine showed higher values in the medulla oblongata.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkumuraNikichi en-aut-sei=Okumura en-aut-mei=Nikichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukiSaburo en-aut-sei=Otsuki en-aut-mei=Saburo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukaiNobuhiro en-aut-sei=Fukai en-aut-mei=Nobuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=57 end-page=64 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=195904 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on eosinophils in bone-marrow tissue culture of the human sternum Part 1. Observations on the behaviors of eosinophils in bone-marrow tissue culture of the sternum in patients with various eosinophilia en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Of eosinophilias that we often encounter clinically, we selected two of the most representative ones, namely, hookworm diseae and bronchial astma, for our present sternal bone-marrow tissue culture, and studied the movement patterns and wandering capacity of eosinophils. As the results, even in those eosinophils that show no significant change other than the increase in number in ordinary stained-smear specimens of peripheral blood or bone marrow, it has been clarified that, when observed under living condition, they reveal a picture specific to individualistic behaviors according to diseases. Therefore, it can be assumed that in the pathologic condition what is known as eosinopilia not only eosinophils increase in number but also qualitative changes of eosinophlils specific to each disease are brought about, and consequently these specific changes are reflected on the movement patterns of the eosinophil.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HirakiKiyoshi en-aut-sei=Hiraki en-aut-mei=Kiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=InoueMasakatsu en-aut-sei=Inoue en-aut-mei=Masakatsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=15 end-page=26 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=195904 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on prevention of infection (II) The enzymologic traits and pro?tective ability of the fractions obtained from Sal. typhi by high speed centrifugation en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=By physically destroying typhoid bacilli and centrifuging at a high speed, an insoluble granular fraction (P1) and soluble fraction (S1) were obtained. Chemical and enzymologic properties of these substances as well as their influences on the protective ability against infection were studied; and the following results were attained: 1. P1 contains an extremely small amount of proteins when compared with S1. 2. The enzymologic activity of P1 is entirely different from that of S1. In P1 the respiratory enzyme system of only lactate and succinate is localized. 3. Although both P1 and S1 possess the antibody-producing ability in serum of rabbit to the same high degree, P1 imparts to mice a markedly high protective ability against infection. 4. By the heat-treatment of P1 its antigenicity is lost at the same time.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MurakamiSakae en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Sakae kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshiokaTatsuji en-aut-sei=Yoshioka en-aut-mei=Tatsuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkaYoshikazu en-aut-sei=Oka en-aut-mei=Yoshikazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuuraYoshiyuki en-aut-sei=Matsuura en-aut-mei=Yoshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=71 end-page=82 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=195904 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Eine neue gerinnungsphysiologische methode : die thrombelastographie en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Der Verfasser macht die HARTERT sche Thrombelastographie bekannt; das Verfahren ist noch nicht in Ungarn und vielen anderen Laendern im Gebrauch. Auf Grunde seine Untersuchungen geht er auf die detaillierte Auswertung des Thrombelastograme ein und referiert ueber die Anwendung und Brauchbarkeit der Thrombelastographes und gibt im Tabelle 1. den Angaben verschiedenen Patienten bekannt.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SzirmaiEndre en-aut-sei=Szirmai en-aut-mei=Endre kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Humboldt Universitaet END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=65 end-page=70 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=195904 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on esinophils in bone-marrow tissue culture of the human sternum Part 2. Study on the causative factor of eosinophilia in hookworm disease by means of bone-marrow tissue culture with a special reference to the relationship with allergic reaction en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=From these results it is but natural to assume that the antigen-antibody reaction is involved in the phenomenon, eosinophilia. The antigen in this instance is the filtrate of hookworm emulsion, and the serum of hookworm disease as well as the bone marrow can be thought to contain the antibody. In any case, so long as the medium contains the serum or bone marrow or both of them obtained from the patient of hookworm disease, eosinophilia and the acceleration in the motility of eosinophils are brought about in the growth zone by addition of the filtrate of hookworm emulsion. Therfore, as for the mechanism inducing hookworm eosinophilia, it may by interpreted that the patient of hookworm disese is repeatedly sensitized by the antigen arising all probability from the metabolic products of hookworms or from the dead bodies of the worms; and producing the antibody in tissues and blood, thus the antigen-antibody reaction is elicited in vivo as long as hookworms live in the human body so that the increase in the mitosis and the acceration in the motility of eosinophils in the bone marrow are brought about with the resultant continuous discharge of a large quantity of eosinophils from the bone marrow parenchma into the sinusoids, there by inducing eosinophilia in the peripheral blood.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HirakiKiyoshi en-aut-sei=Hiraki en-aut-mei=Kiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=InoueMasakatsu en-aut-sei=Inoue en-aut-mei=Masakatsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=45 end-page=56 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=195904 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Quantitative studies of nucleic acid in the cell by micro-spectrophotometry I. The critique and improvement of the microspectrophotometry en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Some critical experiments have been carried out on the microspectrophotometry using the lymphocytes of a mouse, stained with Feulgen reaction, revealing that most reliable value can be attained by illuminating the material with a small spot-light and integrating the area surrounded by the extinction curve drawn by tracing along the diameter of the smeared and fixed cell.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UtsumiKozo en-aut-sei=Utsumi en-aut-mei=Kozo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=83 end-page=92 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=195906 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The cytogenesis of ascitic pha?gocytes en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Judging from our vital observation conducted mainly by tissue culture, it was firmly demonstrated that ascitic phagocytes are not histiocytes but they are the cells closely related to monocytes and that the sites of the genesis are the milky spots of the greater omentum. The milky spots are most possibly the remnants of the mesenchymal hematopoiesis of the embryonic stage.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OfujiTadashi en-aut-sei=Ofuji en-aut-mei=Tadashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamachikaYukio en-aut-sei=Yamachika en-aut-mei=Yukio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukudaGenjiro en-aut-sei=Fukuda en-aut-mei=Genjiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KamuraJunta en-aut-sei=Kamura en-aut-mei=Junta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KotaniSaburo en-aut-sei=Kotani en-aut-mei=Saburo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtaZensuke en-aut-sei=Ota en-aut-mei=Zensuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitajimaKoichi en-aut-sei=Kitajima en-aut-mei=Koichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=112 end-page=136 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=195906 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Die registrierung der krankhaften bauchhohlen und anderen prozesse und der bauchschmerzempfindlichkeit mit szirmalschen myotonometer en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Der Verfasser schildert auf Grund eigener Untersuchungen, bzw. Erfahrungen die Verwertungsmoglichkeit seines Myotonometer genannten Apparates fur die Registrierung von Krankheitsprozessen der Bauchregionen und der Schmerzempfindung.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SzirmaiEndre en-aut-sei=Szirmai en-aut-mei=Endre kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Iustitut Stuttgart END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=113 end-page=121 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=195906 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=On the intestinal extrinsic reflexes elicited from the small in?testine en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Effects of stimulation of the small intestine upon the gastric, small intestinal and colonic motility have been studied in dogs. The results are summarized as follows. 1. The movements of the stomach, small intestine, and proximal colon are always inhibited by the distension or the contracture of the muscular coats of the small intestine but no responses are produced by a mechanical or chemical stimulation of the mucosa; and those of the distal colon are in most cases also inhibited, whereas in rare instances are they augmented. 2. The afferent impulses are transmitted through the great and small splanchnic nerves and the lumbar sympathetic nerves to the inhibitory as well as the excitatory (pelvic nuclei) centers of the intestinal movements located within the spinal cord, whereas the vagal nuclei remain unaffected. The efferent impulses are transmitted through the thoraco-lumbar sympathetic nerves as well as through the pelvic nerves. The latter are involved in the augmentative effect produced in the distal colon. 3. The threshold producing the extrinsic muscular reflex is higher than that eliciting the intrinsic muscular reflex.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HukuharaTakesi en-aut-sei=Hukuhara en-aut-mei=Takesi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakayamaSosogu en-aut-sei=Nakayama en-aut-mei=Sosogu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamagamiMatuyosi en-aut-sei=Yamagami en-aut-mei=Matuyosi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyakeTakao en-aut-sei=Miyake en-aut-mei=Takao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=137 end-page=168 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=195906 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Some clinical aspects of rheumatoid arthritis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In our department we have been placing a special emphasis on the treatment and study of rheumatoid arthritis, and during the last four years we have handled about 1,600 cases visiting our outpatient clinic and approximately 100 hospitalized cases. Our experiences with these patients are only what might be called an introductory phase in the study and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis when compared with those in Europe and America. In estimating the incidence of rheumatoid arthritis in Japan from various available data, although it would not reach the level of England and U.S.A., it will be about 100 cases per 100,000 population, matching more or less the incidence in the northern Europe. As regards sex and the predisposing age we find no great difference from those in Europe and America. One striking difference that we find is the fact that patients in our country have very little resistance against salicylic acid drug used in treatment. Therefore, it is unreasonable to expect a good anti-inflammatory action by administering a large dosage of 5-10g of such a drug as aspirin per day. It must be limited within a comparatively small dosage of 1.0 to 2.0 g or with concomitant administration of prednisolone and aspirin in the hope of utilizing its analgesic effect. Furthermore, it is not feasible to introduce the results of studies made in Europe and America on the salicylic drug and its prescription all of them showing the concentration in blood 35 mg%, which is on the borderline of intoxicating dosage. This is only one example, and with some more experiences we shall undoubtedly encounter many dissimilar points. Therefore, it is essential that rheumatology specific to Japan needs to be established.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KodamaToshio en-aut-sei=Kodama en-aut-mei=Toshio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=93 end-page=99 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=195906 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=T.P.T. staining of vaginal smears for diagnosis of carcinoma of the uterus en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Papanicolaou's smear test is a method based upon the morphological study of the cancer cells exfoliated from the epithelium, whereas T.P.T. is a method for examining the intracellular metabolism, the glycolysis, by a supravital staining of the cancer cells. The latter, therefore, can be called as a cytochemical diagnosis. Since, by the T.P.T. method, even a beginner can obtain the result of approximately 80% in correct and the skilled ones as high as 95%, the clinical diagnosis can be made all the more accurate by using Papanicolaou's test in combination with T.P.T. method. As for the entity of these granular cells, there remains a room for discussion, but Misonou feels that Cell Type A arises from necrobiosis of the carcinomatous tissues while Type B would be a certain wandering cell. This reaction, however, should not be employed to the cases in the puerperium, because the similar cells are exfoliated from the puerperal uterus. Thus, I can say that the T.P.T. is not a specific reaction to cancer. From this study, I wuld recommend T.P.T. as a method that is quite simple and is servicable for saving a great deal of effort and time on the part of clinicians, and I would like to encourage you to use it as one of tools for the diagnosis of carcinoma of the uterus, especially for an early diagnosis.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YagiHideo en-aut-sei=Yagi en-aut-mei=Hideo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=100 end-page=112 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=195906 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on the ocular hypotensive effect of Diamox en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In our studies on the hypotensive effect of Diamox by intravenous injection, we have arrived at the following conclusions. 1. Ocular tension falls and the flow of aqueous humor becomes sluggish. 2. Diamox inhibits the activity of carbonic anhydrase, and the concentrations of HCO3-, K+, Cl- and glucose are markedly altered. 3. Protein increases both in blood and aqueous humor, but no change in protein fraction can be observed in blood. 4. Diamox in no way affects the metabolism. 5. It seems that Diamox brings about the change in the specific gravity of blood, making the latter either more diluted or more concentrated. From these, we conclude that the mechanism of the loweing of ocular tension by Diamox seems to lie in the fact that it inhibits the activity of carbonic anhydrase, and that consequent alteration in the concentrations of HCO3- and other ions accompanied by the change in osmotic pressure as well as a slight decrease of water in tissue all bring about the fall in the ocular tension. However, Diamox seems to have nothing to do with aqueous humor in so far as active transport or permeability are concerned.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AkagiGoro en-aut-sei=Akagi en-aut-mei=Goro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoKakuji en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Kakuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FuruseAkira en-aut-sei=Furuse en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=WakiMasatoshi en-aut-sei=Waki en-aut-mei=Masatoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=244 end-page=258 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=195910 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Experimental studies on coronary perfusion with pump-oxygenator en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1. Methods of retrograde coronary perfusion and direct coronary artery perfusion in combination with a bubble oxygenator were investigated in dogs. 2. Ventricular fibrillation occurred more frequently during the operation in hypothermia than in the operation performed in combination with the extracorporeal circulation. 3. The optimal pressure of perfusion is considered to be 30 to 35 mm Hg in retroperfusion, whereas, 100 mm Hg in direct coronary artery perfusion. 4. Perfusion by the pressure bottle method is preferable to the gravity method because the fall of blood temperature in the irrigation tubing might cause ventricular fibrillation. 5. From the metabolic study of the methods is clear that there is a tendency to myocardial anoxia after 15 to 20 minutes of perfusion in both methods.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HayashiNaomi en-aut-sei=Hayashi en-aut-mei=Naomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=203 end-page=208 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=195910 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A follow-up study on 25 cases of larynx cancer treated by laryngofissure operation en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In Japan, laryngofissure technique applied for the larynx cancer made its debut comparatively late, as compared with that in Europe and America. Namely, the laryngofissure was first used in the treatment of larynx cancer in 1931 by Prof. F. Tanaka and that was the first time this technique had ever been used in Japan, as far as in author's knowledge. This author had a good fortune to witness that first operation as his assistant.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakaharaShigeo en-aut-sei=Takahara en-aut-mei=Shigeo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=189 end-page=202 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=195910 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Influences of various hormones on the megakaryocyte in bone-marrow tissue culture en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In our study on the influences of various hormones and various endocrines on the megakaryocyte function by means of bone-marrow tissue culture, we obtained the following. 1. In the repeated administration of ACTH, cortisone, testosterone, progesterone, or thyroxin to guinea pigs, these hormones accelerated the megakaryocyte function, whereas estradiol on the contrary diminished the function. 2. The removal of such endocrines as the pituitary, adrenal, thyroid or testicles will diminish the megakaryocyte function, while removal of the ovaries accelerates it. 3. For the megakaryocytes in the hypophysectomized rats, ACTH acts most effectively to restore their function, followed by cortisone and pulverized thyroid, while testosterone has hardly any effect on the function. 4. ACTH, cortisone, prednisolone, testosterone, progesterone, and pulverized thyroid act directly on megakaryocytes so as to accelerate their function, while estradiol diminishes the megakaryocyte function. 5. For the megakaryocytes in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura ACTH is most effective in restoring the function; for the megakaryocytes in hypoplastic anemia cortisone is most effective; and for the megakaryocytes in Banti's disease prednisolone is most effective in restoring the megakaryocyte function.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HirakiKiyoshi en-aut-sei=Hiraki en-aut-mei=Kiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SunamiHiroshi en-aut-sei=Sunami en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishishitaHideo en-aut-sei=Nishishita en-aut-mei=Hideo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=220 end-page=226 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=195910 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Observation of experimental lathyrism in the rat en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The clinical manifestations, roentgenologic studies, and histopathologic findings of the central nervous system of rats with induced lathyrism were described. The question of whether the experimental lathyrism is due to a primary central nervous system involvement or is entirely secondary to bony abnormality is not conclusively answered by this study. However, the evidence of diffuse widespread vacuolization which is more marked in the cord, medulla, and cerebellum than in the hemisphere, strongly suggests the former etiology.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=LeeHUN Jae en-aut-sei=Lee en-aut-mei=HUN Jae kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Soo Do Medical College Seoul END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=259 end-page=268 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=195910 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Ex?perimental study and practice on the detection of vegetative planktons in the bone marrow of the drowned dead body en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Experiment on the animals proved that in the case of the death by drowning planktons always immigrate into the bone marrow and some kinds of them can be detected in the bone marrow even after a long period of time, suggesting that the detection of these planktons in the bone marrow of the dead person will give the important clue for the determination of the cause of death by drowning. Actually applying this method in a decayed corpse, we could successfully show the cause of death is due to drowning in which the cause of death was long argued in the court.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MikamiYoshio en-aut-sei=Mikami en-aut-mei=Yoshio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KandaMizuho en-aut-sei=Kanda en-aut-mei=Mizuho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KamimuraOsamu en-aut-sei=Kamimura en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkuyamaMasami en-aut-sei=Okuyama en-aut-mei=Masami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=175 end-page=188 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=195910 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Quantitative studies of nucleic acids in the cell with microspectrophotometer. II. Nucleic acid and hemoglobin contents in erythroid cells of frog and hen en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Using the erythroid cells of Rana nigromaculata the hemoglobin synthesis has been studied in the relation of DNA and RNA contents. Results showed that the hemoglobin synthesis starts in the early stage of erythroblast but becomes marked just before the complete maturation. RNA contents drops markedly in the later stage of maturation. Measurement of DNA contents by Feulgen reaction suggested the termination of the mitosis just before the prematuration. From these results the author concludes that the RNA which will act as the template for the globin synthesis, develops from the early stage of erythroblast but the templation is accelerated in the terminal stage of maturation and the marked acceleration in hemoglobin synthesis in this stage.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UtsumiKozo en-aut-sei=Utsumi en-aut-mei=Kozo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=227 end-page=243 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=195910 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Experimental study on coronary perfusion with selective brain cooling for direct aortic surgery en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1. Retrograde coronary perfusion in combination with selective brain cooling by irrigation was investigated in dogs, in comparison with direct coronary artery perfusion. 2. High incidence of ventricular fibrillation was seen in both methods in hypothermic state. Operation at the normal temperature using extracorporeal circulation is desirable, 3. In view of the above results optimal perfusion pressure appears 30 mm Hg. in retroperfusion, while 100 mm Hg. in direct coronary artery perfusion. 4. The right ventricle anoxia is an undesirable feature in retroperfusion, while the left ventricle showed a tendency to slight anoxia in both methods.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HayashiNaomi en-aut-sei=Hayashi en-aut-mei=Naomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=169 end-page=174 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=195910 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on the fructose metabolism in animal tissues en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=An improved chromatographic method for the analysis of sugar phosphates and nucleotides presented in the previous paper was applied on the analysis of the metabolites of fructose produced by the action of hexokinase in some tissues in vitro, and the excellency of this method was demonstrated. The results showed that by this method the metabolites of the sugar in its early stage of catabolism can be analysed very easy and exactly and estimated quantitatively as well, giving no inconsistency with the results presented by the routine method.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HaraYoshito en-aut-sei=Hara en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=209 end-page=219 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=195910 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Statistical study of aca-talasemia, a review of thirty-eight cases appearing in the literatures en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1. With a view to grasp more simply and clearly the characteristics of this disease and in order to find a clue for prompt discovery of cases when encountered in future, the authors undertook a statistical study of the cases already reported by various authors. 2. The cases reported so far amount to 17 familial groups which consisted of 38 acatalasemic cases. These groups were distributed widely throughout Japan. The disease seemed to be prevalent in the rural communities where adherence to the custom of consanguineous marriage occurs. As yet, we have not heard of the occurrence of this disease in other countries. 3. The disease has equal distribution in both sexes. About one half of patients showed a peculiar oral gangrene (Takahara's disease). The great majority of these were noted in those less than 10 years of age. 4. The great majority of them were children whose parents were united in consanguineous marriage and have siblings with acatalasemia. 5. As for the treatment of oral lesions in this disease, extraction of tooth at the site of the lesions, removal of the diseased tissues en masse by resection, and penicillin treatment given concomitantly are effective. The course and the length of time required in healing of the wound due to the operation are about the same as in the case of normal persons. 6. The authors wish to call special attention to the phenomenon peculiar to the acatalasemic blood. The blood of acatalasemic individuals changes to brownish-black color in the absence of foaming or bubble formation upon the application of hydrogen peroxide to blood.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakaharaShigeo en-aut-sei=Takahara en-aut-mei=Shigeo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OguraYoshio en-aut-sei=Ogura en-aut-mei=Yoshio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=DoiKatsusaburo en-aut-sei=Doi en-aut-mei=Katsusaburo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=276 end-page=299 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=195912 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Histological and hitochemical studies on human fetal membranes en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1. In the stage later than the middle stage of pregnancy, morphological differences appear between the amniotic epithelial cells of placenta and those of the free part and the majority of cases the amniotic epithelial cells of placenta present more marked columnar shape than those in the surrounding area of ruptured orifice or those in the vicinity of placenta. However, there still remains a question whether or not such a phenomena is directly related to the secretory function of the placenta amniotic epithelium. 2. It seems that amniotic epithelial cells divide and multiply themselves by mitosis at least in the early and middle stages when their functions are at height. 3. Even in the stage later than the middle stage generally the amniotic epithelium of placenta is consisted of a single layer of columnar epithelial cells, and therefore, the author cannot agree to Forssell's theory. 4. In glycogen and lipid stainings, the amniotic epithelial cell layer shows more striking changes with the progress of gestational month when compared with those cells in other layers. 5. Glycogen in the amniotic epithelial cell layer is abundant in the early and middle stages of pregnancy, and it rapidly decreases near the late stage. Lipid granules on the contrary are less in the early stage, and start to appear in the middle stage, increasing rapidly towards the late stage. In general, the regressive degeneration picture of the late stage is not distinct histologically, but assuming glycogen to represent the cell activity and the lipid deposit to mean just the reverse, the amniotic epithelium functionally seems to fall into regressive degeneration from the middle stage. Other layers of fetal membranes likewise undergo fatty degeneration as the pregnancy progresses from the middle stage to the late stage. 6. There still remain problems to be solved on the question what role this regressive degeneration of the amniotic epithelial cell layer plays in de Watteville's theory, "Labor originates from the fetal membranes". However, granular PAS-positive substances in the amniotic epithelium are glycogen, and it seems difficult to connect simply the existence or non-existence of PAS-positive granules or Sudan-positive granules directly with the continuation or interruption of pregnancy.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=GotoFumio en-aut-sei=Goto en-aut-mei=Fumio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=301 end-page=313 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=195912 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Excitatory and inhibibitory reflexogenic skin areas for the intercostal respiratory neurons in the dog en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1. Effects of various kinds of adequate stimuli such as touching, pinching, heating and cooling to various skin areas as well as repetitive electrical stimulations to a nerve branch innervating the skin areas upon the unitary discharges of the expiratory or the inspiratory muscle units of the intercostal muscles were studied on the spinal dogs. Effects of pinching upon the intercostal nerve action potentials elicited in reflex by single electrical shock to the adjacent intercostal nerve were also studied. 2. Excitatory skin area for the expiratory discharges roughly exhibits a triangle, one of whose vertex faces the sternum, the side against the vertex corresponds to the apical line of the spine and includes the spot from where the discharges of a muscle unit are led off. The triangular area is surrounded by a belt-shaped zone having no reflex response. All the other wide area is the inhibitory one. 3. Both the excitatory and the inhibitory skin areas for the discharges of the inspiratory muscle unit are exceedingly narrow in contrast to those for the expiratory discharge, having a tendency to be limited to the small localized area involving the spot from where the discharges are led off. In the other extensive area, however, any reflex effect is not provoked. 4. The more intense and noxious the adequate stimuli become, the more prominent the effect come to be. 5. When the repetitive electrical stimuli to the skin nerve innervating the excitatory area are weak in intensity or low in frequency, an increasing discharge of the respiratory muscle unit results, whereas when the stimuli are sufficiently raised in either of the two factors above described, a remarkable inhibition preceded by a momentary acceleration ensues. In the case of stimulation of the skin nerve innervating the inhibitory area, however, the inhibition alone is obtained throughout. 6. Reflex action potentials in the intercostal nerve elicited by single shock stimuli to the adjacent intercostal nerve show a shortening of latency and an increase in size by pinching the excitatory skin area, while the reverse effects to those above described are obtained by pinching the inhibitory one.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SumiTadaaki en-aut-sei=Sumi en-aut-mei=Tadaaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KotaniSatoru en-aut-sei=Kotani en-aut-mei=Satoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=314 end-page=318 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=195912 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Clinical application of sialic acid (II) Sialic acid contents in cerebro-spinal fluid of patients suffering from the disease of the central nervous system en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=It is well known that human serum contains some sialic acid and its contents increase markedly in the blood serum of the patients bearing malignant tumors. Recently YAMAKAWA2, BHOM3, SAITO4 and YUI5 observed the sialic acid contents in the blood sera from the patients of various diseases and clarified that its contents increase not only in the sera from the cases bearing malignant tumors but also in those of rheumatic or tuberculous diseases. BOHM6 et al. measured the sialic acid contents in the cerebrospinal fluid of several diseases and ascertained that its contents increase in the cerebrospinal fuid from the cases of inflammatory diseases. In connection with these works we have observed the sialic acid contents in the cerebrospinal fluid of the patients suffering from the diseases of central nervous system, prior to the surgical operation, and revealed the markedly increased contents in the sialic acid in the patients bearing tumors of the nervous system. In this paper the data are reported in detail.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KawakamiHiroshi en-aut-sei=Kawakami en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamaguchiMichiya en-aut-sei=Yamaguchi en-aut-mei=Michiya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaitoKunio en-aut-sei=Saito en-aut-mei=Kunio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanbayashiTsuneo en-aut-sei=Kanbayashi en-aut-mei=Tsuneo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=319 end-page=347 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=195912 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Cryptococcus, Pathological observations of five autopsy cases and one biopsy case en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Pathologic, anatomical, and histological findings of 5 autopsy cases and one biopsy case of cryptococcosis have been described. Macroscopically the foci of the lung are grayish white or yellowish white in color and range in size from the small acinous-nodular ones to the larger lobular-nodular ones. In the brain the meninx appears gelatinous and edematous showing many small spots with indistinct boundary and with grayish white color. Lymph nodes infected with fungi are swollen in various degrees. Histologically the foci are mainly consisted of granulomatous inflammation containing giant cells. Besides, there are small degenerative foci having no inflammatory response and the lesions of marked fibrosis; the former will be newly formed foci and the latter the old ones. The size of C. neoformans found in tissue ranges from 3 to 30 μ, and the majority of fungi possess thick gelatinous capsule, but some of them in granulative lesions often possess no capsule. From the staining properties the capsule of C. neoformans is believed to be a kind of acid mucopolysaccharide. As for the staining method including general fungi, GOMORI's methenamine silver method is best, especially for the detailed examination of fungus structures, and for the differential diagnosis mucicarmine stain is the most suitable one. In tracing the distribution of the foci in the various organs, it seems that the first attack of this fungus occurs in the lung. The authors have called general attention, through their own experiences, to the fact that the small granulomatous foci caused by Cryptococcus infection, especially in the lung, may often escape the detection at autopsy.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OgawaKatsuo en-aut-sei=Ogawa en-aut-mei=Katsuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=UejimaAkira en-aut-sei=Uejima en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=InoharaTsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Inohara en-aut-mei=Tsuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KurodaKiyoshi en-aut-sei=Kuroda en-aut-mei=Kiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MuraseJoji en-aut-sei=Murase en-aut-mei=Joji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanamotoAkihisa en-aut-sei=Kanamoto en-aut-mei=Akihisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=271 end-page=275 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=195912 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on thyroid function (III) Effect of thyroidec-tomy and thyroxine administration on the incorporation of lysine-2-C14 into tissue proteins en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1) The incorporation of DL-Iysine-2-C14 into the protein of the muscle tissues of rats was reduced by thyroidectomy, but that into liver was not significantly affected. 2) The incorporation of radioactive lysine into the proteins of muscle and liver was increased by L-thyroxine administration.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KurahasiKengo en-aut-sei=Kurahasi en-aut-mei=Kengo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=348 end-page=365 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=195912 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Beeinflussung verschiedener krankheitsbilder durch vitamin E im wege der verbesserung der peripheren zirkulation und die kontrolle seiner wirkung mit hilfe des szirmaischen neo-myographen und myotonometers en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Der Verfasser beschreibt sich auf seine vorherigen diesbezuglichen Erfahrungen stutzend und auch die bisherigen Literaturangaben beruhrendseine mit Vitamin E (Tokopharm-forte, Pharmasan, Halle) durchgefuhrten Untersuchungen. Er untersuchte mit den neuen, durch ihn 1950-52 konstruierten Apparaten, dem Neo-Myographen, wie auch dem Myotonometer den Effekt des Vitamin E auf Herz und Kreislauf. Er teilte seine Falle in 3 Gruppen ein: 1. Resultat mit Hilfe der Myoapparate registrierbar; 2. Behandlung erfolgreich, doch nicht registrierbar und 3. Behandlung ergebnislos. Er dosierte das Praparat nur fur kurze Zeit und erzielte verhaltnismaBig gute Resultate. Bei gesunden, in guter Kondition befindlichen, im Training stehenden Personen haben sich die Funktionen nach seinen Beobachtungen in minderem Grade verschlechtert. Er erklart dies damit, daB das Medikament hier die ohnedies ad optimum gute Funktion pathologisch steigerte, worauf dann die Reaktion (schnelle Ermudung und schlechtere Funktion) eintrat. Seiner Meinung nach entsteht die Wirkung des Vitamin E durch die Verbesserung der peripheren Zirkulation und durch die Verbesserung der Blutversorgung des Herzmuskels. Auf diese Weise, durch Verbesserung der Gewebsanoxamie bessert sich die Funktion eines jeden Organs und Gewebes und Schmerzen jeder Art, auch jene bei Geburten konnen gestillt werden; der Gewebs- bzw. Muskeltonus verringert sich (z. B. Rheuma musculorum). Es ist auf Grund seiner auf jedes Organ durch die Zirkulation erzielten Wirkung verstandlich, wieso die verschiedenen Verfasser bei einander gegensatzlich scheinenden Erkrankungen gute Wirkung beobachten konnten. In einzelnen Fallen kann eine sehr schnelle Wirkung eintreten, doch durfte hier zum Teil der psychische Effekt eine Rolle spielen. Es kann jedoch von Vitamin E keine systematisch schnelle Wirkung erwartet werden wie. z. B. bei Morphium und Coffein. Die gegensatzliche Auffassung der Autoren durfte sich in der Weise gebildet haben, daB einzelne bei solchen Erkrankungen abweichende Resultate sahen, bei denen entweder das Medikament auf die Zirkulation keine erfolgreiche Wirkung ausuben konnte. bzw. bei denen der Kranke auf das Medikament individuell nicht reagierte oder auch deshalb, weil einzelne Autoren die vielleicht etwas ubertriebenen, zu guten Resultatenanderer nicht entsprechend einzuschatzen vermochten. Ich danke der wissenschaftlichen Abteilung der PHARMASAN K. G., HALLE, fur die kostenlose Uberlassung von Tokopharm-Tabletten und fur die mir zur Verfugung gestellten wichtigen Literaturangaben.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SzirmaiE. en-aut-sei=Szirmai en-aut-mei=E. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Aus dem Gerinnungsphysiologischen END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=22 end-page=34 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1960 dt-pub=196004 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A study on the cytomorphologic structure of blood cells by vital staining I. Normal human blood cells in the bone marrow en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Vital observation on the cellular morphology of the normal human blood cells was conducted by means of bone marrow culture successfully in conjunction with vital staining with Janus green B and neutral red. A special attention was paid for the alterations of the cellular structures in the course of the culture. The findings are summarized as follows : 1) Intracellular particles with affinity to Janus green B or neutral red were classified into minute granules, granules, vacuoles, and mitochondria. Morphologic features of each type of the particles were studied in detail. 2) Two types of granules are present in neutrophilic and eosinophilic blood cells, whereas one type of granules is present in basophilic blood cells. Eosinophilic and basophilic granules show characteristic pole formation in them at the terminal stage of the staining. 3) The rosette formation in the mature monocyte and the aggregations of neutral red vacuoles in the mature neutrophil and the mature lymphocyte were characterized. 4) The cluster of neutral red vacuoles is characteristic of the erythroblast. 5) The mitochondria of the mature neutrophil and the mature monocyte participate in producing neutral red vacuoles.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OtaZensuke en-aut-sei=Ota en-aut-mei=Zensuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=14 end-page=21 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1960 dt-pub=196004 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Influence of thyroid secretion on the in?duction of leukemia in Dba mice by methylcholanthrene en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1) The influence of thyroid secretion upon the induction of leukemia in Dba/2 male mice by methylcholanthrene was investigated. Radiothyroidectomy significantly reduced the incidence of leukemia in these mice. This reduction in incidence did not occur if radiothyroidectomy was performed after the administration of the carcinogen. 2) Data indicated that hypothyroidism following radiothyroidectomy interfered with the initiation rather than the promotion of methylcholanthrene- induced-Ieukemogenesis. 3) No correlation between incidence of leukemia and body weights in the mice was noted.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OdaNobuo en-aut-sei=Oda en-aut-mei=Nobuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IdaNoriaki en-aut-sei=Ida en-aut-mei=Noriaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Anderson Hospital END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=68 end-page=76 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1960 dt-pub=196004 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Morphologic change and the DNA contents of the testicular cell of rabbits treated with the fatty acid ex?tracted from the irradiated animals en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1. The unsaturated fatty acid fraction (OX) from the liver of irradiated rabbits contains substance which has the same effects as X-ray irradiation on the testicular cells. 2. This substance introduced intravenously causes the degeneration of the germinal cells with the formation of giant cells or multi-nucleated cells and the mitotic abnormalities. 3. The DNA content of the cell also shows the changes exactly identical with that seen after X-ray irradiation. 4. From these results we conclude that the X-ray injury will be mainly due to the production of some toxic substance which is found in the unsaturated fatty acid fraction and severely affects the cells in mitosis and DNA metabolism.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamamotoMichio en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Michio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KojimaSumikazu en-aut-sei=Kojima en-aut-mei=Sumikazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanimotoJun-ichi en-aut-sei=Tanimoto en-aut-mei=Jun-ichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NobukiShigeo en-aut-sei=Nobuki en-aut-mei=Shigeo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HagitaniAkira en-aut-sei=Hagitani en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishishitaSoichi en-aut-sei=Nishishita en-aut-mei=Soichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShiwakiMidori en-aut-sei=Shiwaki en-aut-mei=Midori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=UtsumiKozo en-aut-sei=Utsumi en-aut-mei=Kozo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=35 end-page=44 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1960 dt-pub=196004 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A study on the cytomorphologic structure of blood cells by vital staining II. Leukemic cells in the bone marrow en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Leukemic cells were cytologically studied in the human bone marrow culture by the utilization of vital staining of Janus green B and neutral red. The minute cellular morphology of various types of leukemia was studied with special reference to their alterations in the course of the culture. The cytologic deviation of leukemic cells from the corresponding normal blood cells was clarified on monocytic leukemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia with the blastic crisis, chronic myelogenous leukemia, and acute and chronic lymphocytic leukemias.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OtaZensuke en-aut-sei=Ota en-aut-mei=Zensuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=13 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1960 dt-pub=196004 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Quantitative studies of nucleic acid in the cell by microspectrophotometry III. Nucleic acid contents in the cancer cells en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1. The DNA contents in mature lymphocytes of the mouse, rat and man are kept almost constant. 2. The variety in the DNA contents in tumor cells is attributed to the rapid DNA synthesis taking place at the interphase, though the degenerating cells and the cells in abnormal mitosis can not be discarded as the source of the variety in DNA content. 3. The RNA content in AH-130 (ascites hepatoma) is less than that in normal liver cells.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UtsumiKozo en-aut-sei=Utsumi en-aut-mei=Kozo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=55 end-page=67 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1960 dt-pub=196004 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Morphologic change of Yoshida sarcoma cells and coelothelioma cells after exposing to the cell toxin from X-ray-irradiated animal en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The unsaturated fatty acid fraction extracted from the liver of rabbit irradiated with X-rays exerts a strong cytotoxic effect on human coelothelioma cells and Yoshida sarcoma cells both in vitro and in vivo. The cell damage seems to initiate at the nucleus, finally leading to the complete cytolysis. The inhibiting effect of this substance on the mitosis of Yoshida sarcoma cells can be observed, especially marked from prophase up to metaphase giving almost the same results obtained after X-ray irradiation. From these results and the observations reported by several authors on the cell damage by X-ray irradiation, weshould call special attention to the fact that the essential mechanism of X-ray irradiation can be attributed to the cell toxin produced after the irradiation.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamamotoMichio en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Michio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanimotoJunichi en-aut-sei=Tanimoto en-aut-mei=Junichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KojimaSumikazu en-aut-sei=Kojima en-aut-mei=Sumikazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NobukiShigeo en-aut-sei=Nobuki en-aut-mei=Shigeo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HagitaniAkira en-aut-sei=Hagitani en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=IguchiYoshiko en-aut-sei=Iguchi en-aut-mei=Yoshiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkagiEiko en-aut-sei=Akagi en-aut-mei=Eiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=OfujiTadashi en-aut-sei=Ofuji en-aut-mei=Tadashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsakaTakakazu en-aut-sei=Asaka en-aut-mei=Takakazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=KamuraJunta en-aut-sei=Kamura en-aut-mei=Junta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShibataTsuneo en-aut-sei=Shibata en-aut-mei=Tsuneo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=9 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=10 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=11 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=46 end-page=54 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1960 dt-pub=196004 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Morphologic studies of bone marrow cells exposed to the phospholipid fraction from the liver of irradiated animal, an experiment in vitro en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=With the purpose of revealing the biological effects of the X-ray irradiation the authors extracted phospholipids from the liver of irradiated animals and proved that this substance has the action to inhibit the growth of the bone marrow cells, the motility of pseudo-eosinophilis and the erythropoiesis in tissue culture, suggesting that the injury will mainly be induced by the toxic substances produced by irradiation.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MotokuraKiyoshi en-aut-sei=Motokura en-aut-mei=Kiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaniKazuyoshi en-aut-sei=Tani en-aut-mei=Kazuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=UgakiMasaaki en-aut-sei=Ugaki en-aut-mei=Masaaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoShiro en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Shiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakataChoji en-aut-sei=Takata en-aut-mei=Choji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaitoTakakazu en-aut-sei=Naito en-aut-mei=Takakazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=NabeshimaSaburo en-aut-sei=Nabeshima en-aut-mei=Saburo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamasakiRyohei en-aut-sei=Yamasaki en-aut-mei=Ryohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoMichio en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Michio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishishitaSoichi en-aut-sei=Nishishita en-aut-mei=Soichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=NobukiShigeo en-aut-sei=Nobuki en-aut-mei=Shigeo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanimotoJunichi en-aut-sei=Tanimoto en-aut-mei=Junichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=KojimaSumikazu en-aut-sei=Kojima en-aut-mei=Sumikazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShiakuMidori en-aut-sei=Shiaku en-aut-mei=Midori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=IguchiYoshiko en-aut-sei=Iguchi en-aut-mei=Yoshiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=9 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=10 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=11 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=12 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=13 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=14 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=15 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=105 end-page=117 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1960 dt-pub=196006 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on the iron metabolism of erythroblasts in various blood diseases en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The serum iron contents and the number of sideroblasts from various patients and the radioactivity of erythroblasts from the same patients incubated with Fe55 have been observed. The results have proved that in the case with accelerated erythropoietic function like polycythemia vera and in the iron deficient state like idiopathic hypochromic anemia, the serum iron level and the number of sideroblast are lower than those in normal persons and higher in radioactivity in erythroblasts, whereas in the case with low erythropoietic function like hypoplastic anemia the former values are higher and lower in radioactivity of erythroblasts. There is an inverse correlation between the average number of stainable iron granules and the average rate of radioactive iron appearance in erythroblasts, and the observation on these factors will give an important clue for judging the utilization process of iron in each disease. The limitation of the iron uptake correlating with the hemoglobin synthesis have been discussed.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KimuraIkuro en-aut-sei=Kimura en-aut-mei=Ikuro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyakeTsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Miyake en-aut-mei=Tsuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KodaniRi-ichi en-aut-sei=Kodani en-aut-mei=Ri-ichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=118 end-page=138 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1960 dt-pub=196006 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Infeluences of adrenalin, cortisone and ACTH on eosinophils in bone marrow tissue culture (With some sug?gestions for examining the anterior pituitary function) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1. Adrenalin, when acting directly on eosinophils, brings about a diminution in the wandering velocity of eosinophils but it has no influence on the number of the cells. Judging from the movement patterns of eosinophils this drug acts as to impede the motive function. 2. Acting directly on eosinophils, cortisone markedly decreases the wandering velocity of these cells and also brings about the diminution in the number of the cells. Likewise from the movement patterns of eosinophils, this drug markedly impedes the motive function of the cells. 3. ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone), when acting directly on eosinophils, enhances the wandering velocity of eosinophils but it in no way affects the number of eosinophils. Judging from the eosinophil movement patterns, this drug markedly promotes the motive function. 4. Although adrenalin brings about a decrease in the number of peripheral eosinophils in hypophysectomized dogs, the rate of the decrease is less than that observable in the case of normal dogs. 5. Cortisone brings about no significant change in the number of peripheral eosinophils in hypophysectomized dogs, but is induces a decrease in peripheral eosinophils of normal dogs. 6. ACTH acts as to decrease the number of peripheral eosinophils to an equal. degree in both hypophysectomized and normal dogs. 7. When cortisone is administered simultaneously with Adrex, a marked decrease in peripheral eosinophils is brought about in hypophysectomized dogs. 8. By means of the bone-marrow tissue culture of hypophysectomized dogs it has been confirmed that the blood plasma of hypophysectomized dogs lacks an essential factor for cortisone to induce eosinopenia in perpheral blood. 9. The decrease in eosinophils of peripheral blood induced by cortisone has been proved to be dependent upon the presence or absence of the pituitary body. 10. Taking the decrease in peripheral eosinophils by cortisone administration as the criterion, the author has carried out clinical observations with this method and obtained anticipated results.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamamotoSinro en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Sinro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=77 end-page=103 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1960 dt-pub=196006 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Cellular response to the ribonuclease injection; a morphologic and cytochemical study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=By the repeated injection of RNase into mice the histological, cytochemical and electronmicroscope observations of several tissues and the quantitative estimation of DNA contents per cell in liver have been conducted. The observations proved that the most marked changes occur in basophilia, ER (endoplasmic reticulum) and Palade's granules; the dissociation of the granules from ER and their agglomeration, and the final disappearance of the granules and ER. The increase of the granules in number surrounding the nucleus seen in liver cells and the appearance of the ring form ER in the pancreatic exocrine cells and its development from the nuclear membrane have been traced morphologically and these are comprehended as the regenerating picture of ER and granules from the nuclear outer membrane. DNA contents in liver cell increase in the early stage and decrease to the normal level in the later stage. The former is attributed to the cessation of mitosis by the damage of cell center without interference on DNA synthesis and the latter to the disappearance of the cells of tetraproidy by degeneration.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KimotoTetsuo en-aut-sei=Kimoto en-aut-mei=Tetsuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=UtsumiKozo en-aut-sei=Utsumi en-aut-mei=Kozo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuokaIwao en-aut-sei=Matsuoka en-aut-mei=Iwao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SenoSatimaru en-aut-sei=Seno en-aut-mei=Satimaru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=159 end-page=169 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1960 dt-pub=196009 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Functional differentiation of skeletal muscles en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=According to BUCHTHAL the histogram of duration and voltage from the motor unit of biceps brachii muscles gives only one peak respectively as can be seen in Fig. 14 in his paper which reports the data covering the experiment on 1,268 motor units. However, his histogram seems to be made of the spikes led off from several motor units because the histogram shows no much fluctuations in voltage as 50μV to 1,000μV and in duration as 1 msec to 20 msec. Therefore, if observations are actually based on a single motor unit, two peaks may reasonably be expected on the histogram, because two kinds of the motor units, kinetic (phasic) and tonic, have respective individual characteristics of their own shikes The histological observation shows that many white and red muscle fibers are intermingled with each other even in one single fasciculus, and it is supposed that the fasciculus does not correspond to a single motor unit. Moreover, the shape of the spikes, which was formerly considered as a motor unit, is not a pure diphasic form, but irregular and polyphasic ones, and also electromyographically a single motor unit controls the area of more than 10mm in width (BUCHTHAL). From these facts, it is probable that the histogram by BUCHTHAL was made of the spikes composed of muscle fibers belonging to several different motor units. Our observations done by the above stated method showed clearly the pure diphasic spikes. Therefore, we are of the opinion that these spikes obtained by our method are led off from only one or from a few muscle fibers belonging to the same motor unit. These spikes are lower than 550μV in voltage and shorter than 5.5 msec in duration and every individual spikes show uniform diphasic pattern. There exist two kinds of spike groups, in the histogram one which is composed of high voltage with short duration (1.0-1.5 msec.), and the other of low voltage with long duration (2.0-4.0msec.). The former may be of kinetic (phasic) motor unit and the latter is of tonic motor unit, because the white muscle fibers with a larger diameter may have a higher voltage than the red and the white fibers that perform rapid contraction may show shorter duration in wave form. In the two cases having spinal cord tumors, two kinds of spikes with respective and individual characteristics were observed in the same EMG. These will be two different kinds, kinetic (phasic) and tonic motor units. In the case of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, two kinds of spikes appeared, but since both of them were of short duration, they might be considered to be of kinetic (phasic) motor unit (or its intermediate motor unit). Furthermore, since its histological findings revealed that the red muscle fibers were all atrophied and degenerated and showd only white muscle fibers to be normal, it is obvious that the kinetic (phasic) motor unit with a shorter duration is derived from white muscle fibers. Therefore, in our opinion the widely accepted concept that spikes including even irregular wave forms all belong to the motor unit seems not to be true, but these spikes seem to represent a combination of several pure spikes though not so many, and those muscle fibers belonging to the same motor unit appear to be intermingling themselves in a relatively wide area. The reason for this contention may be explained as follows. If the muscle fibers belonging to the same motor unit were agglomerated, clearcut diphasic spikes should appear even with a fairly big electrode, and if the accepted concept be true, these spikes can never be picked up at the distance so far apart as 2.0cm. or 2.5cm. (0.5-1.2cm. by BUCHTHAL) as has been possible in our experiments. Furthermore, the histogram composed only of these pure spikes reveals two peaks, and therefore, we believe it is reasonable to say that these two peaks indicate the existence of kinetic (phasic) and tonic motor units. As a small number of motor units located in between these two peaks can be recognized, these are believed to be the muscle fibers possessing an intermediate stainability as revealed in the histological examination. However, further studies are required before giving any definitive conclusion on this point.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=JinnaiDennosuke en-aut-sei=Jinnai en-aut-mei=Dennosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=170 end-page=184 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1960 dt-pub=196009 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Allergic histological changes in the pregnant rabbit organs induced by injection of the globulin fractions from human placenta 1. Immuno-serological study on the glo?bulin fractions extracted from human placenta en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=From the immunological study of the soluble protein fractions extracted from the normal human placenta as well as from the placenta in pregnancy toxemia, the author has clearly shown the presence of specific antigenic protein in these protein fractions which can not be found in the serum proteins of non-pregnant woman, and that this specific protein is contained only in the globulin fractions of placenta but not in the albumin ractions.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OchiaiYoshiyuki en-aut-sei=Ochiai en-aut-mei=Yoshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=145 end-page=158 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1960 dt-pub=196009 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Biochemical studies on the epileptic cerebral cortex en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Within the range of our investigations the most important biochemical characteristics in the brain of idiopathic epileptic patients seem to be defect in the production of and the attendant decrease in free amino acids of the brain. On account of these phenomena there seem to occur the acceleration of the ChE activity and a poor utilization of glucose. Of the free amino acids in the brain the combined amount of glutamic acid, glutamine and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) will occupy the major portion of the total free amino acids found in brain, and thus diminution in the contents of glutamic acid and GABA in the brain of idopathic epileptic patients has quite an important meaning. At the present stage it is not yet possible to give any definitive answer to the question why such decrease occurs but it is believed that the most urgent problem facing us today is the amino acid metabolism that is associated with glutamic acid and the comparative studies of the amino acid metabolism in the epileptic brain to that in the non-epileptic brain are required. The fact that γ-amino-β-hydroxybutyric acid (GABOB), the substance that suppresses the central excitation, is decreased seems to indicate biochemically the existence of a defect in the processes of excitation in the brain of idiopathic epleptic patients.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=JinnaiDennosuke en-aut-sei=Jinnai en-aut-mei=Dennosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriAkitane en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=Akitane kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=185 end-page=213 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1960 dt-pub=196009 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Report of results of pleural biopsy (Needle biopsy and open biopsy) in 108 cases and 245 biopsies en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1. The results of 245 pleural biopsies perfomed in 108 patients including 219 pleural needle biopsies and 26 pleural open biopsies were reported. The method of pleural biopsy seems to be superior to any other currently available diagnostic procedures for the etiological diagnosis of pleurisy. 2. When the pleural needle biopsy is compared with the pleural open biopsy, the former method has definite advantages over the open biopsy. The pleural needle biopsy is simple, repeatable and has almost no complication. The method of pleural needle biopsy is the initial method of choice as Donohoe correctly stated and should be employed in every cases of the pleurisy to confirm the etiological diagnosis. The open biopsy should be reserved only for those cases in whom the needle biopsy had not proved satisfactory. 3. Utilizing the method of needle biopsy, the pathological diagnosis was made in 86 per cent of our cases at the initial biopsy. By repeated needle biopsies, the results have improved to 91-92 per cent. 4. Most of the failures of the pleural needle biopsy were noted at the early stage of the study due to the unfamiliarity of the biopsy technique and later due to the incooperation of the patients. 5. The presence of the free pleural fluid serves as a convenient guide for the performance of the needle biopsy but successful needle biopsy was easily done without presence of pleural fluid when there is adequate pleural thickening. 6. 63-75 per cent of our diagnosed cases were proved to have granulomatous pleuritis, 13-31 per cent non-specific pleuritis and 5.4-5.8 per cent eosinophilic pleuritis due to paragonomiasis. The distribution of this pathological diagnosis seems to reflect quite well the actual picture of incidences of pleurisy of various different etiology in young adults in Korea. 7. The relationship of the success in obtaining adequate tissue by needle biopsy and interval between onset of symptom and biopsy was discussed. It was found that the interval has no significant effect on the production of adequate tissue by needle biopsy if the time elapsed is 4 weeks or more from the onset of symptom. 8. The significance of the pathological findings of ranulomatous pleuritis at one biopsy and non-specific pleuritis at another biopsy in the same patient was discussed. It is concluded that the single finding of nonspecific pleuritis at one needle biopsy cannot rule out the presence of granulomatous pleuritis and it is recommended that pleural biopsy be repeated whenever necessary. 9. The diagnostic significance of the chemical analysis of the pleural fluid was discussed in correlation with the results of the pleural needle biopsies. It is concluded that the number of examinations are not quite sufficient to draw any definite conclusion at the present stage of our study. 10. The finding of sanguinous pleural fluid in the patient of granulomatous pleuritis is quite high (72.7 %) and it was found that the sanguinous pleural fluid was most frequently found in the patients with granulomatous pleuritis in non-cancerous age. 11. Two groups of pleurisy patients with or without parenchymal lung lesion on chest X-ray were discussed in correlation with the results of the needle biopsy. It was found that the incidence of the pathological evidence of granulomatous inflammation on the biopsy specimens in these two groups is almost the same regardless of the presence of the demonstrable parenchymal lung lesion. 12. Histopathological finding of granulomatous pleuritis was discussed in conjunction with the significance of two types of tubercles, the soft tubercles and hard tubercles. In all specimens diagnosed as granulomatous pleuritis granulomas were demonstrated ranging from large, conglomerate tubercles with central caseation or giant cells to small granulomas without central caseation or Langhans' giant cells. 13. Histopathological significance of the finding of non-specific pleuritis on the biopsy specimens was discussed and the existence of a specific entity of "non-specific pleuritis" which is equivalent to the non-specific inflammation of the pericardium. 14. Cases of pleurisy due to paragonomiasis were discussed and the need of specific attention for search of new cases was emphasized.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SohnIsaack en-aut-sei=Sohn en-aut-mei=Isaack kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=McLt. Col. en-aut-sei=Mc en-aut-mei=Lt. Col. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Korean Medical Associatio affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Korean Medical Association END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=261 end-page=264 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1960 dt-pub=196012 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Submicroscopic structure of the egg shell of helminth III. A study on Capillaria hepatica en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Electronmicroscope pictures of the thin sections of the shell of an ovum of Capillaria hepatica have been demonstrated. The shell is of two layers, an outer one with holes and an inner thick one. The inner layer is composed of several opaque sublapes 2 to 3 microns in width. The plug is 4 to 6 microns in diameter and has a granular zone near the outer surface.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=InatomiSeiiti en-aut-sei=Inatomi en-aut-mei=Seiiti kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=215 end-page=225 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1960 dt-pub=196012 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The terminal distribution of the hepatic artery en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The following conclusions were arrived at on the terminal distribution of the hepatic artery and its microscopical structures in the experiments conducted with the livers from human adult, fetus, dogs and toads, to which were given plastics, Indian ink and Indian-ink shock injections into their hepatic blood vessels. 1. There are arterial anastomotic networks of vasa vasorum in the portal wall. 2. The intralobular arterioles (Elias) and the extralobular arterioles (WEATHERFORD) often arise as direct branches without passing through the periductal arteriolar plexus. In the peripheral zone of the liver, this constitutes the main type of origin. 3. Besides the anastomoses between the intralobular arterioles of the adjacent lobules (Fig. 5), the periductal arteriolar plexus of the bile ducts to the neighboring lobules are interconnected by arterial branches surrounding the interlobular vein ("neighboring arteriolar anastomoses" by the author) (Figs. 2, 5). 4. The terminal arterioles reveal a curve and an isthmus (Figs. 1, 3, 5), where they are supposed to have epithelioid cells in the media. 5. The hepatic vein wall is supplied by the branches of the internal thoracic and phrenic arteries. These anastomose with the interlobular arteries in the interdigitation area of vessels. 6. In the toad the terminal distribution is of a simpler form, in which the arterial capillaries, with an S or a parabolic curve, being constricted by the marginal hepatic cells, join the sinusoid in capillary form. 7. In human fetus of the middle stage (Figs. 6, 7), most of the terminal arterial capillaries open directly to the interlobular hemopoietic tissue, and from there the blood flows into the sinusoid. The precapillaries have an S curve and an isthmus, where they have 3 or 4 primordial epithelioid cells. In other portion, the precapillaries form endothelial canals with little adventitia and open infundibularly to the hemopoietic tissue. These have been proved by the Indian-ink shock injection method. 8. In the fetus of the later stage (Figs. 8-11), with the reduction of interlobular hemopoietic tissue, its arterial branches become fewer, and many branches are connected directly to the hepatic sinusoid. They form a sharper S curve and an isthmus, where 4 or 5 epithelioid cells are differentiated. The arterial terminal branches are precapillaries of endothelial canals having little adventitia and no media muscle. 9. The subcapsular branches of the peripheral interlobular arteries anastomose with one another. Besides these, subcapsular branches come around the hilar region from the hepatic artery, furthermore some are derived from the biliary, inner thoracic, diaphragmatic, intercostal, subcostal, suprarenal and renal arteries. Anastomoses are found between all the subcapsular branches of different origins.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TajiriShigeru en-aut-sei=Tajiri en-aut-mei=Shigeru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=290 end-page=305 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1960 dt-pub=196012 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A study of vector electrocardiography. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The vector electrocardiographic method was applied on 126 healthy young Korean adults without any evidence of cardiac diseases. The range of the age of the subjects were between 19 and 34. The normal values of the magnitude and direction of the mean QRS, T, P vectors, ventricular gradient and QRS-T angle in frontal plane were presented and discussed in comparison with those previously reported in the literature. Considering the age of the subjects under study, our results were in general agreement with those previously reported by other authors.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SohnIsaack en-aut-sei=Sohn en-aut-mei=Isaack kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=LimSung-Yul en-aut-sei=Lim en-aut-mei=Sung-Yul kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Korean Medical Association affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Korean Medical Association END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=279 end-page=289 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1960 dt-pub=196012 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Allerglic histological changes in the pregnant rabbit organs induced by injection of the globulin fractions from human placenta,pt.2. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The soluble protein, whole soluble protein, globulin and albumin fraction from human placenta, both normal and toxemic, have been introduced repeatedly into normal and pregnant rabbits and histological changes in the liver were observed. The striking changes in the liver have been induced by treating the animals with the globulin fraction and histologic pictures suggest that the toxemic liver damage is of allergic nature.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OchiaiYoshiyuki en-aut-sei=Ochiai en-aut-mei=Yoshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=265 end-page=270 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1960 dt-pub=196012 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The action of atropine and acetylcholine on the pace maker ganglion cells of limulus heart en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=On the median nerve trunk-heart muscle preparation of Limulus the authors studied the effects of atropine and acetylcholine upon the pace maker ganglion cells. The results are summarized as follows: (1) Atropine exerts an excitatory action on the pace maker ganglion cells in a concentration of 1-2 per cent. resulting in an increase of the heart rate. No effect is recognized on the heart beats, where the drug is applied to the heart muscle. (2) Acetylcholine exerts an excitatory action in a lower concentration (0.001-0.10 %) and produces a transitory excitation followed by an inhibition in a higher concentration (1-5 %). No effect is perceptible on the heart beats, when the drug is applied to the heart muscle. (3) Where atropine has been previously applied to the median nerve trunk, acetylcholine applied to the same spot produces always an inhibition of the heart beats. Conversely, when the ganglion cells activated previously by acetylcholine, a subsequent administration of atropine suppresses the activity of the ganglion cells, resulting in an inhibition of the heart beats.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HukuharaTakesi en-aut-sei=Hukuhara en-aut-mei=Takesi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkadaHiromasa en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Hiromasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamagamiMatuyosi en-aut-sei=Yamagami en-aut-mei=Matuyosi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=227 end-page=255 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1960 dt-pub=196012 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Morphology of mitochondria and cell respiration,pt.1. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=To reveal the mechanism of liver damage by taking CCl4 the author observed the liver tissues from rats at 1.5, 5, 6, 10, 17, 20, and 22 hours after the CCl4 administration, both by light microscope and electron-microscope. 1. Light microscope observation revealed the swelling of liver cells in the carly stage, the appearance of centrolobular fatty degeneration, focal degeneration area and the appearance of balloon cells, with the circulatory disturbances in accompanying stages and hemorrhage in the later stage. 2. Electron-microscope observation revealed the swelling of mitochondria, appearance of the files of thin ER's in the early stage and the regeneration and degeneration of mitochondria with an increase of microbodies in number. Fat droplets are developed from small ones probably from some microbodies without correlation with mitochondria. 3. From these observations the author is of the opinion that CCl4 arrests the cells at first inducing the swelling of cells and their mitochondria, but later the degenerative changes will become severe being complicated by the anoxia which is induced by the circulatory disturbances caused by the compression of vessels with the swollen cells.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HabaKyoichi en-aut-sei=Haba en-aut-mei=Kyoichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=271 end-page=277 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1960 dt-pub=196012 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Automatic activies of the spinal cord concerned with the respiratory movements en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1. After spinal transection at the medulla-spinal junction the thoracic respiratory movements no longer appear in the adult animals, nevertheless the sporadic spike discharges can be recorded from the intercostal muscles. 2. Both in the acute and chronic experiments the spinal cord is transected at the two levels of Th7 and Thl1 respectively and all the dorsal rootlets coming into that part of the cord lying between the transections are severed. The sporadic spike discharges with irregular intervals varying about 0.5 to 3.0 sec. can be recorded from intercostal muscles in the 8th to 10th segments of the spinal cord isolated. There can never be found any reflex influence of the skin stimulation upon the discharges, which also disappear provided the intercostal nerves innervating the muscles are severed. 3. From these results it may be concluded that the spinal cord is endowed with an ability to initiate the impulses autochthonously to excite the intercostal muscles, even though it is only poorly developed in the adult animals.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HukuharaTakesi en-aut-sei=Hukuhara en-aut-mei=Takesi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SumiTadaaki en-aut-sei=Sumi en-aut-mei=Tadaaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=kotaniSatoru en-aut-sei=kotani en-aut-mei=Satoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=257 end-page=260 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1960 dt-pub=196012 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Submicroscopic structure of the egg shell of helminth II. A study on Trichuris vulpis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Electron microscopic structures of the egg shell and the plug of the ova of Trichuris vulpis have been demonstrated. The shell is of one thick membrane of about 4 microns in thickness and consisted of several opaque and less opaque layers arranged in parallel and alternatively. The plug is of transparent substance having opaque limiting membrance on the surface and being consisted of meshwork of microfibrils.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=InatomiSeiiti en-aut-sei=Inatomi en-aut-mei=Seiiti kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=59 end-page=76 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1961 dt-pub=196102 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on relationship between serum properdin and cancer III. Influence of anticancer agents on the serum properdin level en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1. When the various anticancer agents are injected intravenously to normal rabbits and intraperitoneally to normal mice, it seems that the serum properdin levels fall transitorily for some hours after administration with a small dose and then keep rising, but with a massive dose it continues to fall from the beginning. 2. The properdin level is decreased considerably by Thio-TEPA and Carzinophilin; moderately by Mitomycin C; and slightly by M. H. OX-substance hardly changes the level and 8-azaguanine rather has a tendency to raise the level. 3. The administration of most anticancer agents seems to suppress the properdin system. 4. The influence of these agents on human serum properdin is similar to that of rabbits. 5. The properdin levels keep at high titers in the group to which the agents act effectively on the cancer, but the levels fall down more rapidly and animals die earlier in the group to which the agents act ineffectively on the cancer as compared with the control group.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OritaKunzo en-aut-sei=Orita en-aut-mei=Kunzo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=8 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1961 dt-pub=196102 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on the organellae of liver of cancer bearing animals I. Distribution of mucopolysacoharides in the organellae of liver in cancer (Hepatoma AH 130) bearing animals en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=For the purpose to reveal whether or not the liver and the cell organellae are responsible for the abnormal metabolism of polysaccharides found in cancer bearing individuals, the author analyzed the liver and ascites with tumor cells of AH 130 hepatoma bearing rats biochemically with some histochemical observations. A quantitative increase in polysaccharides accompanied by the production of unusual polysaccharides is found in the supernatant of liver from cancer bearing rats, but not from mitochondrial or microsomal fractions. Tumor cells themselves and ascites fluid do not contain the abnormal polysaccharides found in the liver supernatant.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KimotoTetsuo en-aut-sei=Kimoto en-aut-mei=Tetsuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=77 end-page=90 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1961 dt-pub=196102 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Clinical and histological observations of chorioepithelioma and hydatidiform mole en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1. Clinical and histological evaluation of so-called chorioepithelioma malignum and hydatidiform mole has been made on the cases treated at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Hospital during the 20year period friom 1939 to 1958. 2. CC has been confirmed to be a poor risk in the treatment than CA and SE. 3. The two-year cure rate and the five-year cure rate yield an approximate value in each of CC, CA and SE, so that the two-year survival would be an ideal index for determination of the prognosis. 4. It may be pointed out that CC would indicate a tendency of a higher gonadotropin content suggestive of the poor prognosis, provided the disease contain a greater number of La-cells comparing to Sy-cells. 5. Metastasis of CA is not so infrequent as has been formerly believed, and there were two cases, which proved to be a typical SE and had metastasis to the vaginal wall. 6. Concerning the last labor preceding the chorioepithelioma, it has been clarified that the disease occurs more frequently following spontaneous abortion rather than after artificial abortion. 7. It is noted that the mole showing a marked proliferation of the trophoblasts entailed CC. However, in order to evaluate a correlation of the histological findings of the mole with chance occurrence of the subsquent CC, further study on the cases is required.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HashimotoKiyoshi en-aut-sei=Hashimoto en-aut-mei=Kiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhtaniKyoichiro en-aut-sei=Ohtani en-aut-mei=Kyoichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MotomoriYoshiharu en-aut-sei=Motomori en-aut-mei=Yoshiharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuboNobuo en-aut-sei=Kubo en-aut-mei=Nobuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=27 end-page=38 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1961 dt-pub=196102 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on relationship between serum properdin and cancer I. A modified method for the assay of serum properdin en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1. Properdin assay which is comparatively sensitive and reproducible has been described. The assay may be called a modified method of properdin assay by HUNTER?HILL and McNALL. 2. The properdin assay of serum is possible by using a very small amount of test serum (0.1 ml at the least). The necessary amount of zymosan is very little, the procedure of properdin assay is comparatively simple and it can safely be used clinically. 3. Serum properdin of guinea pig, rat, rabbit and mouse can easily be measured by means of Rp and Ra made from guinea-pig sera. 4. In the properdin assay of human serum, human Rp serum IS preferable to guinea-pig Rp serum. 5. Human Rp serum is always prepared easily from pooled sera of advanced cancer bearing patients. 6. Insulin has not such ability of making Rp and R3 as can replace zymosan. 7. Properdin assay is possible by means of goat's hemolytic system as well as sheep's hemolytic system.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OritaKunzo en-aut-sei=Orita en-aut-mei=Kunzo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=39 end-page=57 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1961 dt-pub=196102 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on relationship between serum properdin and cancer II. Studies on the serum properdin levels of tumor bearing animals and patients with malignant tumors en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1. The properdin levels in sera from mice bearing Ehrlich ascitic carcinoma and from rabbits with Brown-Pearce carcinoma decrease inversely with the increase of the ascites or the tumors. In the incipient period of tumor transplantation, the level rather rises. When the tumor is proliferating or large, the level keeps falling or is low. On the contrary, when the tumor is regressing or disappears, the level elevates or reverts to that before transplantation. Strong A and R III mice with spontaneous mammary cancer have markedly low serum properdin levels as compared with those of healthy mice. 2. The properdin levels are less than 2 units per milliliter of the serum in 44.4 per cent of patients with gastric cancer, in 18.2 per cent of ones with non-malignant tumor and in 18.2 per cent of ones with gastric or duodenal ulcer. The abnormal low level has been found in 33.3 per cent of patients without recurrence, who had undergone extended radical gastrectomy combined with radical lymphadenectomy for gastric cancer. 3. Some correlation can be seen between the serum properdin levels and the degree of progress of gastric cancer. 4. The cancer patients with low total serum protein have lower serum properdin levels than those having nomal protein. 5. As for influence of surgical operation on the serum properdin levels, there is observed a tendency that a minor operation causes the levels to increase and a major operation causes the levels to fall. 6. It has been inferred that the properdin system could be one of the host natural resistance against cancer.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OritaKunzo en-aut-sei=Orita en-aut-mei=Kunzo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=9 end-page=26 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1961 dt-pub=196102 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on the organellae of liver of cancer bearing animals II. Catalase activity in the liver of animals treated with cyto-plasmic organellae from hepatoma cell (AH 130) and liver cell of the hepatoma bearing animals en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The author studied the distribution of polysaccharides and the amino-acid composition of cytoplasmic organellae, the problems that have come to call a great interest in the field of studies on cancer bearing animals. And also biochemical and electron microscopic observations were carried out to study the influences of cytoplasmic organellae in the cancer cells (AH 130), the livers of cancer bearing animals, and normal liver on the catalase activity of the liver. The results obtained are as follows : Cytoplasmic organellae of various cells do not affect so markedly the hexose metabolism of the liver. As for the amino-acid pattern of cytoplasmic organellae of various cells studied by paperchromatography, it is interesting to note that the pattern of the liver of cancer bearing animals, shows lack in histidine, while in can~er tissue and in the liver of cancer bearing animals an increase in phenylalanine can be observed. The decrease in the liver catalase activity is caused by the primary factor of cancer cells, especially their microsomes, and also by the secondary factor of the liver mitochondria in cancer bearing animals. On the other hand, the mitochondria of cancer cells, instead of reducing the catalase activity in the liver, markedly increases the catalase activity. By the morphological changes observed with light microscope and electron microscope, liver cells revealed marked morphological differences, proving that the microsomes of hepatoma cell induce considerably marked changes in the liver, while the mitochondria of hepatoma cell, on the contrary, induce the hypertrophy of liver cells. Sirriilarly in the electron microscopic observations the mitochondria of mouse liver injected with cancer mitochondria are enlarged, but no destruction of cellular structures such as cristae can be recognized. Also microbodies and the growing process of mitochondria can be observed, but no marked changes in endoplasmic reticulum.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KimotoTetsuo en-aut-sei=Kimoto en-aut-mei=Tetsuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=95 end-page=108 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1961 dt-pub=196104 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Die Wirkung des Magen- und Duodenalsaftes auf die Fibrin-gerinnungszeit en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Die Verfasser untersuchten die Gerinnugszeit in der Reaktion: 0.4 ml des Zitratplasmas, 0.2 ml des Magen- oder Duodenalsalsaftesfiltrates und 0.4 ml 0,025 M CaCl2-Losung. Als Kontrolle diente ahnliche Reaktion, in welcher man anstatt 0,2 ml des Saftes die selbe Menge der phY,siologischen Kochsalziosung verwendete. Es wurde insgesamt 134 Fraktionen von den 30 Magensonden (Tab 1. und 3) untersucht und kein Einfluss der Fraktionenreihenfolge und anderer Faktoren, sondern solcher der Fraktionenreaktion, festestelIt. Die alkalische Fraktionen verkiizen (in 35/46 Bestimmungen), die azide verlangern (in 59/88 Uutersuchungen) die Rekalcifikationszeit. Die schwach alkalische oder sehr schwach (0∼20) und schwach (20∼40) azide Fraktionen verkiirzen oder leicht verlangern die Rekalcifikationszeit des Zitratplasmas. Desto hoher die Aciditat desto grosser die Gerinnungszeitverlangerung. Zwischen den Magensonden konnte man einige Type laut ihrem Einflusse auf die Gerinnung unterscheiden. In allen 20 Bestimmungen der Duodenalsaft verkiirzte deutlich die Rekalcifikationszeit (Tab. 2). Die Resultate von den Uutersuchungen erlauben die Behauptung dass der Duodenalsaft und der alkaliche Magensaft eine beschleunigende Wirkung aufdie Gerinnung des im Bereiche bes Magens oder Duodenums ausgossenem Blutes haben und dass der azide Magensaft eine hemmende Wirkung auf die Blutgerinnung ausiibt. Diese hemmende Wirkung ist desto mehr ausgepragt, desto hoher die Aziditat des Magenseftes. Die Resulate von Bestimmungen konnen auch manche therapie-trotzende und rezidivierende gefahrliche Mageblutungen in ihrer Atiopathogenese erkaren. Diese Resultate fiihren zur Behauptung, class alle Methoden, welche zur Erniedrigung cler Saftessekretion und -Aziditat beitragen, auch eine giinstige RolIe bei ber Prophylaxie und Therapie der drohenclen oder bereits vorkommenden durch Ulkuskrankheit und andere Erkrankungen verursachten Magen-und Darmblutungen spielen konnen.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=GaertnerHenrik en-aut-sei=Gaertner en-aut-mei=Henrik kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TutajLudowica en-aut-sei=Tutaj en-aut-mei=Ludowica kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SzirmaiEndre en-aut-sei=Szirmai en-aut-mei=Endre kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Marquette University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Akademie in Krakow affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Akademie in Krakow END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=141 end-page=152 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1961 dt-pub=196104 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on γ-amino-β-hydroxybutyric acid III. Metabolism of γ-amino-β-hydroxybutyric acid in perfusion through the liver and brain en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=For the purpose to reveal the metabolic pathway of GABOB the analyses were performed with the GABOB containing fluid perfused through the liver and the brain of rabbits, and the following results were obtained. Qualitative observations by paperchromatography on the fluid containing GABOB after perfusing the organs proved the presence of some amino acids. These were identified as glycine, glutamic acid and glutamine. The observation on the GABOBcontaining fluid perfused the organs showed a decrease in GABOB and an increase in these amino acids. Quantitative observation proved a considerable increase in glycive and a moderate increase in glutamic acid and glutamine with a marked decrease in the amount of GABOB injected. From these results it is believed that GABOB is decomposed into glycine and acetic acid probably passing the stage of γ-aminoacetoacetic acid in one way and into glutamic acid by the transamination of GABOB with α-ketoglutaric acid in the other.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YoshikawaTamotsu en-aut-sei=Yoshikawa en-aut-mei=Tamotsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=91 end-page=93 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1961 dt-pub=196104 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Die Auswirkung von Paprika und Pfeffer auf die Blutgerinnungsfaktoren in vitro. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Auf Grund von unserem bisherigen Untersuchungen konnen wir sagen, daB die Gewurze in villa und in vitro am meisten eine Gerinnungsfordemde Wirkung haben.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SzirmaiEndre en-aut-sei=Szirmai en-aut-mei=Endre kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Humboldt-Universitat END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=123 end-page=140 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1961 dt-pub=196104 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on γ-amino-β-hydroxybutyric acid II. Oxygen consumption of brain homogenate in the presence of γ-amino-β-hydroxybutyric acid en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=With the purpose to see if GABOB is in any way concerned with the mechanism of the epileptic attack observations were carried on the oxygen consumption of the brain homogenates of rabbits, normal and CLA, and of human, epileptic and non-epileptic. The experiment proved that the oxygen consumption is increased in the epileptic brain and in the brain of CLA rabbit. It was raised by adding ATP-Na salt or DPN, but GABOB itself showed only a slight effect. The results suggested that the oxygen consumption of brain is not so closely correlated with GABOB, but there is a possibility that the decrease in GABOB contents in epileptic brain by the accelerated decomposition with its elevated oxygen consumption may be correlated to the epileptic attack, though the final conclusion requires further observations.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YoshikawaTamotsu en-aut-sei=Yoshikawa en-aut-mei=Tamotsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=109 end-page=120 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1961 dt-pub=196104 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Der Einfluss von Ribonukleinase auf die Thrombin-inaktivation und auf die Antithrombinwirkung des Heparins im Serum in vitro. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Die Ribonukleinase allein ubt keinen charakteristischen oder wesentlichen Einfluss auf die Thrombininaktivation in Inkubationsmischung (0.4 ml Serums, 0.1 ml der Ribonukleinaselasung von den Konzentration 0. 025 mg/ml, 0.1 ml des destillierten Wassers und 0.4 ml der Thrombinlosung) aus. Heparin aber vergrossert die Thrombinaktivation in der ahnlichen Inkubationsmischung (0.4 ml von Serum, 0.1 ml Heparinlosung in der konzentration ungefahr 0.005 mg/ml, 0.1 ml des destillierten Wassers und 0.4 ml der Thrombinlosung. Wenn in der letzten Inkubationsmischung statt das dsatillierten Wasser die selbe Menge) 0.1 mg der (Ribonukleinaselasung) 0.025 mg/ml (gegeben wird, kann man feststellen, dass die Ribonukleinase die spezifische, Antithrombin-und Anti-koagulationswirkung des Heparins ausdriicklich vermindert. Die Thrombininaktivation wurde in Gegenwart des Bodens-des 7.5/200.0 wasserigen Trockenplasmalosung, untersucht. Man veretzte 0.1 ml des Bodens mit 0.1 ml der Inkubationsmischung. Die Thrombinlosung hatte bestimmte Aktivitat) 0.1 ml davon brachte in 10 Sek. 0.1 ml des Bodens in Gerinnung) Insgesamt wurden 34 dar Thrombinaktivatiosuntersuchungen gemacht, davon 7 Kontrollen, 7-mit Ribonukleinase, 10-mit Heparin und 10-mit Ribonukleinase+Heparin. Die Resultate (Tab. II, Abb. 1) zeugen, dass die Ribonukleinase in vitro die spezifische Antithrombin (II)-Wirkung des Heparins hemmt. Wahrscheinlich modifiziert sie auch weitere biologische Eigenschaften des Heparins. Die Resultate eigener Untersuchungen und die LiteraturangaPen liber den Heparineinfluss auf die Nukleinasen sprechen flir eine gegenseitige, charakteristische Reaktionen zwischen Nukleinasen und Heparin. Diese Interaktionen beider Gewebe- und Blutsubstanzen kann eine grosse Bedeutung fiulr vie1e Lebensvorgange haben.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=GaertnerHenrik en-aut-sei=Gaertner en-aut-mei=Henrik kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=LisiewiczTomas en-aut-sei=Lisiewicz en-aut-mei=Tomas kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SzirmaiEndre en-aut-sei=Szirmai en-aut-mei=Endre kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Marquette University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Akademie in Krakow affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Akademie in Krakow END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=121 end-page=131 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1961 dt-pub=196104 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Stubies on γ-amino-β-hydroxybutyric acid I. Influences of γ-amino-β-hydroxybutyric acid on the blood pressure, respiration and body temperature en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The biological specificity of GABOB on the blood pressure, respiration and body temperature was observed in dogs. The results show that GABOB has the similar action as GABA on the lowering of blood pressure as shown by subcutaneous, intravenous or intrathecal injection, but loses its action on the respiration. The specificity of GABOB action on the blood pressure is seen in the initiation of the effect at which the transient rise in pressure can be seen, the like of which can never be seen in the case of GABA injection. The lowering mechanism of GABOB on blood pressure should be the central one as the intrathecal injection is most effective comparing with those of intravenous and subcutaneous injection.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YoshikawaTamotsu en-aut-sei=Yoshikawa en-aut-mei=Tamotsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=153 end-page=164 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1961 dt-pub=196106 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Morphology of mitochondria and cell respiration,pt.2. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=With the purpose to elucidate the relation between the enzyme activity and the morphology of mitochondria the author carried out histochemical and biochemical investigations of cytochrome oxidase and succinic dehydrogenase activities of liver cells obtained at various intervals after the oral administration of CCl4, to male rats. And the data were compared with those reported in the first report. In the normal liver histochemically demonstrable cytochrome c oxidase activity and succinic dehydrogenase activity can be seen in parenchymal cells. In both cases the cells lying in the peripheral area show a more intense activities than those in the central part of liver lobules. The activity of cytochrome c oxidase falls markedly 5 to 6 hours after the CCl4, administration, while the activity of succinic dehydrogenase is retained almost at normal level for about 20 hours. Quantitative estimation of the succinic dehydrogenase activity of tissue homogenate revealed a transient rise in the activity 90 minutes after the CCl4, administration, and thereafter the values have been kept in almost normal level by 20 hours though a gradually fall has been seen in this period with a marked degree at 22nd hour. Taking the changes of minute structure occurring at each stage into consideration, which have been reported in the previous paper, the author concludes that the activity of succinic dehydrogenase is closely correlated with the maintenance of double membraneous structure of mitochondria, but the activity of cytochrome c oxidase is reduced by the swelling of mitochondria.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HabaKyoichi en-aut-sei=Haba en-aut-mei=Kyoichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=199 end-page=213 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1961 dt-pub=196106 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on respiratory humidity,pt.1. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A photo tube dew-point hygrometer is used for measuring humidity of respiratory gases, which are in varying conditions. It makes it possible to make an accurate, precise, continuous and automatic recording of the dew point of gas flows. The most notable features of this device are: (1) Simplicity of calculating absolute humidity, since the humidity is indicated with dew point. (2) Calibration is easy and reliable. (3) Performance is stable, and its operation and maintenance are simple. (4) Indication is correct and unaffected by temperature. (5) There is good response to any quick changes in humidity. (6) There is continuous and automatic recording of humidity, especially with simultaneous temperature measurements on the same paper. (7) Impurities such as the vapors of organic substances or volatile agents do not affect the performance. Simple wiping can eliminate the disturbance from mirror contamination. (8) The entire apparatus is on a cart and easily movable. This device provides a new method of studying the functional relationship between humidity and various respiratory states, and it is hoped it will contribute much to physiological and clinical investigations. The principle and structure of the "automatic D.P. hygrometer", the apparatus and method for practical hygrometry and obtained results are described and discussed.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SatoToru en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Toru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=165 end-page=180 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1961 dt-pub=196106 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=L'utilisation de mes appareils le myotonometre,la myograph et l'angio-myograph dans la physiologie et pathophysiologie. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=L'auteur donne la description de ses instruments le myotonometre et le myographe servant a mesurer dans des conditions physiologiques sur la base du changement de volume des muscle la capacite de fonctionnement des muscles stries de l'homme et l'animal ainsi qu'a constater l'etat du systeme nerveux des capillaires ou les douleurs abdominales. Le myotonometre enregistre egalsment le tonus (la consistance du tonus).
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SzirmaiEndre en-aut-sei=Szirmai en-aut-mei=Endre kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Institute pour l'etude de la physiologie de la coagulation sanguine END