start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=20240405 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Engineering Interconnected Open-Porous Particles via Microfluidics Using Bijel Droplets as Structural Templates en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Designing porous structures is key in materials science, particularly for separation, catalysis, and cell culture systems. Bicontinuous interfacially jammed emulsion gels represent a unique class of soft matter formed by kinetically arresting the separation of the spinodal decomposition phase, which is stabilized by colloidal particles with neutral wetting. This study introduces a microfluidic technique to create highly interconnected open-porous particles using bijel droplets stabilized with hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)-modified silica particles. Monodisperse droplets comprising a hydrophobic monomer, water, ethanol, silica particles, and CTAB were initially formed in the microfluidic device. The diffusion of ethanol from these droplets into the continuous cyclohexane phase triggered spinodal decomposition within the droplets. The phase-separated structure within the droplets was stabilized by the CTAB-modified silica particles, and subsequent photopolymerization yielded microparticles with highly interconnected, open pores. Moreover, the influence of the ratio of the CTAB and silica particles, fluid composition, and microchannel direction on the final structure of the microparticles was explored. Our findings indicated that the phase-separated structure of the particles transitioned from oil-in-water to water-in-oil as the CTAB/silica ratio was increased. At intermediate CTAB/silica ratios, microparticles with bicontinuous structures were formed. Regardless of the fluid composition, the pore size of the particles increased with time after phase separation. However, this coarsening was arrested 15 s after droplet formation in the CTAB-modified silica particles, accompanied by a change in the particle shape from spherical to ellipsoidal. In situ observations of the bijel droplet formation revealed that the particle shape deformation is caused by the rolling of elastic bijel droplets at the bottom of the microchannel. As such, the channel setup was altered from horizontal to vertical to prevent the deformation of bijel droplets, resulting in spherical particles with open pores. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MasaokaMina en-aut-sei=Masaoka en-aut-mei=Mina kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshidaHiroaki en-aut-sei=Ishida en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeTakaichi en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Takaichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OnoTsutomu en-aut-sei=Ono en-aut-mei=Tsutomu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=18 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=4993 end-page=5002 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=20240201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Spatially Uniform and Quantitative Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering under Modal Ultrastrong Coupling Beyond Nanostructure Homogeneity Limits en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We developed a substrate that enables highly sensitive and spatially uniform surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). This substrate comprises densely packed gold nanoparticles (d-AuNPs)/titanium dioxide/Au film (d-ATA). The d-ATA substrate demonstrates modal ultrastrong coupling between localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) of AuNPs and Fabry–Pérot nanocavities. d-ATA exhibits a significant enhancement of the near-field intensity, resulting in a 78-fold increase in the SERS signal for crystal violet (CV) compared to that of d-AuNP/TiO2 substrates. Importantly, high sensitivity and a spatially uniform signal intensity can be obtained without precise control of the shape and arrangement of the nanoscale AuNPs, enabling quantitative SERS measurements. Additionally, SERS measurements of rhodamine 6G (R6G) on this substrate under ultralow adsorption conditions (0.6 R6G molecules/AuNP) show a spatial variation in the signal intensity within 3%. These findings suggest that the SERS signal under modal ultrastrong coupling originates from multiple plasmonic particles with quantum coherence. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SuganamiYoshiki en-aut-sei=Suganami en-aut-mei=Yoshiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OshikiriTomoya en-aut-sei=Oshikiri en-aut-mei=Tomoya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitomoHideyuki en-aut-sei=Mitomo en-aut-mei=Hideyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SasakiKeiji en-aut-sei=Sasaki en-aut-mei=Keiji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=LiuYen-En en-aut-sei=Liu en-aut-mei=Yen-En kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShiXu en-aut-sei=Shi en-aut-mei=Xu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuoYasutaka en-aut-sei=Matsuo en-aut-mei=Yasutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=IjiroKuniharu en-aut-sei=Ijiro en-aut-mei=Kuniharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MisawaHiroaki en-aut-sei=Misawa en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Creative Research Institution, Hokkaido University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=localized surface plasmon resonance kn-keyword=localized surface plasmon resonance en-keyword=modalultrastrongcoupling kn-keyword=modalultrastrongcoupling en-keyword=surface-enhanced Raman scattering kn-keyword=surface-enhanced Raman scattering en-keyword=quantumcoherence kn-keyword=quantumcoherence en-keyword=self-assembly kn-keyword=self-assembly END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=64 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=532 end-page=542 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=20231229 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=pSPICA Force Field Extended for Proteins and Peptides en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Many coarse-grained (CG) molecular dynamics (MD) studies have been performed to investigate biological processes involving proteins and lipids. CG force fields (FFs) in these MD studies often use implicit or nonpolar water models to reduce computational costs. CG-MD using water models cannot properly describe electrostatic screening effects owing to the hydration of ionic segments and thus cannot appropriately describe molecular events involving water channels and pores through lipid membranes. To overcome this issue, we developed a protein model in the pSPICA FF, in which a polar CG water model showing the proper dielectric response was adopted. The developed CG model greatly improved the transfer free energy profiles of charged side chain analogues across the lipid membrane. Application studies on melittin-induced membrane pores and mechanosensitive channels in lipid membranes demonstrated that CG-MDs using the pSPICA FF correctly reproduced the structure and stability of the pores and channels. Furthermore, the adsorption behavior of the highly charged nona-arginine peptides on lipid membranes changed with salt concentration, indicating the pSPICA FF is also useful for simulating protein adsorption on membrane surfaces. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MiyazakiYusuke en-aut-sei=Miyazaki en-aut-mei=Yusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShinodaWataru en-aut-sei=Shinoda en-aut-mei=Wataru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=18 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=347 end-page=354 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=20231218 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Close-Packed Ices in Nanopores en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Water molecules in any of the ice polymorphs organize themselves into a perfect four-coordinated hydrogen-bond network at the expense of dense packing. Even at high pressures, there seems to be no way to reconcile the ice rules with the close packing. Here, we report several close-packed ice phases in carbon nanotubes obtained from molecular dynamics simulations of two different water models. Typically they are in plastic states at high temperatures and are transformed into the hydrogen-ordered ice, keeping their close-packed structures at lower temperatures. The close-packed structures of water molecules in carbon nanotubes are identified with those of spheres in a cylinder. We present design principles of hydrogen-ordered, close-packed structures of ice in nanotubes, which suggest many possible dense ice forms with or without nonzero polarization. In fact, some of the simulated ices are found to exhibit ferroelectric ordering upon cooling. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MochizukiKenji en-aut-sei=Mochizuki en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=AdachiYuji en-aut-sei=Adachi en-aut-mei=Yuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KogaKenichiro en-aut-sei=Koga en-aut-mei=Kenichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Close-packed ices kn-keyword=Close-packed ices en-keyword=Ice nanotubes kn-keyword=Ice nanotubes en-keyword=Carbon nanotubes kn-keyword=Carbon nanotubes en-keyword=Continuous freezing kn-keyword=Continuous freezing en-keyword=Ferroelectricices kn-keyword=Ferroelectricices END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=39 cd-vols= no-issue=44 article-no= start-page=15587 end-page=15596 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=20231023 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Analysis of Evaporation of Droplet Pairs by a Quasi-Steady-State Diffusion Model Coupled with the Evaporative Cooling Effect en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Multidroplet evaporation is a common phase-change phenomenon not only in nature but also in many industrial applications, including inkjet printing and spray cooling. The evaporation behavior of these droplets is strongly affected by the distance between neighboring droplets, and in particular, evaporation suppression occurs as the distance decreases. However, further quantitative information, such as the temperature and local evaporation flux, is limited because the analytical models of multidroplet evaporation only treat vapor diffusion, and the effect of the latent heat transfer through the liquid–vapor phase change is ignored. Here, we perform a numerical analysis of evaporating droplet pairs that linked vapor diffusion from the droplet surface and evaporative cooling. Heat transfer through the liquid and gas phases is also considered because the saturation pressure depends on the temperature. The results show an increase in the vapor concentration in the region between the two droplets. Consequently, the local evaporation flux in the proximate region significantly decreases with decreasing separation distance. This means that the latent heat transfer through the phase change is diminished, and an asymmetrical temperature distribution occurs in the liquid and gas phases. These numerical results provide quantitative information about the temperature and local evaporation flux of evaporating droplet pairs, and they will guide further investigation of multiple droplet evaporation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamadaYutaka en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=Yutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IsobeKazuma en-aut-sei=Isobe en-aut-mei=Kazuma kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HoribeAkihiko en-aut-sei=Horibe en-aut-mei=Akihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=19K14910 kn-keyword=19K14910 en-keyword=21K03898 kn-keyword=21K03898 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=65 cd-vols= no-issue=8 article-no= start-page=6039 end-page=6055 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=20220411 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Identification of a Vitamin-D Receptor Antagonist, MeTC7, which Inhibits the Growth of Xenograft and Transgenic Tumors In Vivo en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Vitamin-D receptor (VDR) mRNA is overexpressed in neuroblastoma and carcinomas of lung, pancreas, and ovaries and predicts poor prognoses. VDR antagonists may be able to inhibit tumors that overexpress VDR. However, the current antagonists are arduous to synthesize and are only partial antagonists, limiting their use. Here, we show that the VDR antagonist MeTC7 (5), which can be synthesized from 7-dehydrocholesterol (6) in two steps, inhibits VDR selectively, suppresses the viability of cancer cell-lines, and reduces the growth of the spontaneous transgenic TH-MYCN neuroblastoma and xenografts in vivo. The VDR selectivity of 5 against RXRα and PPAR-γ was confirmed, and docking studies using VDR-LBD indicated that 5 induces major changes in the binding motifs, which potentially result in VDR antagonistic effects. These data highlight the therapeutic benefits of targeting VDR for the treatment of malignancies and demonstrate the creation of selective VDR antagonists that are easy to synthesize. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KhazanNegar en-aut-sei=Khazan en-aut-mei=Negar kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimKyu Kwang en-aut-sei=Kim en-aut-mei=Kyu Kwang kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HansenJeanne N. en-aut-sei=Hansen en-aut-mei=Jeanne N. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SinghNiloy A. en-aut-sei=Singh en-aut-mei=Niloy A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MooreTaylor en-aut-sei=Moore en-aut-mei=Taylor kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SnyderCameron W. A. en-aut-sei=Snyder en-aut-mei=Cameron W. A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=PanditaRavina en-aut-sei=Pandita en-aut-mei=Ravina kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=StrawdermanMyla en-aut-sei=Strawderman en-aut-mei=Myla kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiharaMichiko en-aut-sei=Fujihara en-aut-mei=Michiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakamuraYuta en-aut-sei=Takamura en-aut-mei=Yuta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=JianYe en-aut-sei=Jian en-aut-mei=Ye kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=BattagliaNicholas en-aut-sei=Battaglia en-aut-mei=Nicholas kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanoNaohiro en-aut-sei=Yano en-aut-mei=Naohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=TeramotoYuki en-aut-sei=Teramoto en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=ArnoldLeggy A. en-aut-sei=Arnold en-aut-mei=Leggy A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=HopsonRussell en-aut-sei=Hopson en-aut-mei=Russell kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=KishorKeshav en-aut-sei=Kishor en-aut-mei=Keshav kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=NayakSneha en-aut-sei=Nayak en-aut-mei=Sneha kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=OjhaDebasmita en-aut-sei=Ojha en-aut-mei=Debasmita kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=SharonAshoke en-aut-sei=Sharon en-aut-mei=Ashoke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= en-aut-name=AshtonJohn M. en-aut-sei=Ashton en-aut-mei=John M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=21 ORCID= en-aut-name=WangJian en-aut-sei=Wang en-aut-mei=Jian kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=22 ORCID= en-aut-name=MilanoMichael T. en-aut-sei=Milano en-aut-mei=Michael T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=23 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyamotoHiroshi en-aut-sei=Miyamoto en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=24 ORCID= en-aut-name=LinehanDavid C. en-aut-sei=Linehan en-aut-mei=David C. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=25 ORCID= en-aut-name=GerberScott A. en-aut-sei=Gerber en-aut-mei=Scott A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=26 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawarNada en-aut-sei=Kawar en-aut-mei=Nada kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=27 ORCID= en-aut-name=SinghAjay P. en-aut-sei=Singh en-aut-mei=Ajay P. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=28 ORCID= en-aut-name=TabdanovErdem D. en-aut-sei=Tabdanov en-aut-mei=Erdem D. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=29 ORCID= en-aut-name=DokholyanNikolay V. en-aut-sei=Dokholyan en-aut-mei=Nikolay V. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=30 ORCID= en-aut-name=KakutaHiroki en-aut-sei=Kakuta en-aut-mei=Hiroki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=31 ORCID= en-aut-name=JurutkaPeter W. en-aut-sei=Jurutka en-aut-mei=Peter W. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=32 ORCID= en-aut-name=SchorNina F. en-aut-sei=Schor en-aut-mei=Nina F. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=33 ORCID= en-aut-name=Rowswell-TurnerRachael B. en-aut-sei=Rowswell-Turner en-aut-mei=Rachael B. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=34 ORCID= en-aut-name=SinghRakesh K. en-aut-sei=Singh en-aut-mei=Rakesh K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=35 ORCID= en-aut-name=MooreRichard G. en-aut-sei=Moore en-aut-mei=Richard G. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=36 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Wilmot Cancer Institute and Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Wilmot Cancer Institute and Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Wilmot Cancer Institute and Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Wilmot Cancer Institute and Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Wilmot Cancer Institute and Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Wilmot Cancer Institute and Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Division of Surgery and of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Division of Surgery and of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Research, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Brown University kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology kn-affil= affil-num=21 en-affil=Genomics Core Facility, Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=22 en-affil=Department of Pharmacology and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State University kn-affil= affil-num=23 en-affil=Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Rochester Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=24 en-affil=Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=25 en-affil=Division of Surgery and of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=26 en-affil=Division of Surgery and of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=27 en-affil=Center for Breast Health and Gynecologic Oncology, Mercy Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=28 en-affil=Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey kn-affil= affil-num=29 en-affil=CytoMechanobiology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University kn-affil= affil-num=30 en-affil=Department of Pharmacology and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State University kn-affil= affil-num=31 en-affil=Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=32 en-affil=School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, Arizona State University, Health Futures Center kn-affil= affil-num=33 en-affil=Departments of Pediatrics, Neurology, and Neuroscience, University of Rochester Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=34 en-affil=Wilmot Cancer Institute and Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=35 en-affil=Wilmot Cancer Institute and Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=36 en-affil=Wilmot Cancer Institute and Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester Medical Center kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=88 cd-vols= no-issue=14 article-no= start-page=9920 end-page=9926 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=20230711 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Oxytrofalcatin Puzzle: Total Synthesis and Structural Revision of Oxytrofalcatins B and C en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The previously reported structures of oxytrofalcatins B and C possess a benzoyl indole core. However, following synthesis and NMR comparison of both the proposed structure and the synthesized oxazole, we have revised the structure of oxytrofalcatins B and C as oxazoles. The synthetic route developed herein can further our understanding of the biosynthetic pathways that govern the production of natural 2,5-diaryloxazoles. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SugitateKazuma en-aut-sei=Sugitate en-aut-mei=Kazuma kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamashiroToshiki en-aut-sei=Yamashiro en-aut-mei=Toshiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahashiIbuki en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Ibuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamadaKoji en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=AbeTakumi en-aut-sei=Abe en-aut-mei=Takumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-tobetsu, Hokkaido 0610293, Japan kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=127 cd-vols= no-issue=28 article-no= start-page=13837 end-page=13845 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=20230707 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Lithium-Ion Dynamics in Sulfolane-Based Highly Concentrated Electrolytes en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Here, we report the use of molecular dynamics simulations with a polarizable force field to investigate Li-ion dynamics in sulfolane (SL)-based electrolytes. In SL-based highly concentrated electrolytes (HCEs) (e.g., SL/Li = 2:1), Li displays faster translational motion than other components, which should be related to the structural and dynamical properties of SL. In HCEs, a transient conduction network that penetrated the simulation system was always observed. Rapid (<1 ns) Li-ion hopping between adjacent coordination sites was observed throughout the network. Additionally, SLs rotated in the same timeframe without disrupting the conduction network. This rotation is believed to promote the hopping diffusion in the network. This was followed by a rotational relaxation of the SL dipole axis around the non-polar cyclohydrocarbon segment of SL (∼3.3 ns), which involves a reorganization of the network structure and an enhancement of the translational motion of the coordinating Li ions. The observed lifetime of Li–SL coordination was longer (>11 ns). Hence, it was concluded that the faster Li translational motion was obtained due to the faster rotational relaxation time of SL rather than the lifetime of Li–SL binding. The faster rotation of SL is related to its amphiphilic molecular structure with compact non-polar segments. Transport properties, such as the Onsager transport coefficients, ionic conductivity, and transference number under anion-blocking conditions, were also analyzed to characterize the features of the SL-based electrolyte. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IkedaShuhei en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Shuhei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsuzukiSeiji en-aut-sei=Tsuzuki en-aut-mei=Seiji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SudohTaku en-aut-sei=Sudoh en-aut-mei=Taku kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShigenobuKeisuke en-aut-sei=Shigenobu en-aut-mei=Keisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=UenoKazuhide en-aut-sei=Ueno en-aut-mei=Kazuhide kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=DokkoKaoru en-aut-sei=Dokko en-aut-mei=Kaoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeMasayoshi en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Masayoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShinodaWataru en-aut-sei=Shinoda en-aut-mei=Wataru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Materials Chemistry, Nagoya University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Advanced Chemical Energy Research Centre (ACERC), Institute of Advanced Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai,Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Yokohama National University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Advanced Chemical Energy Research Centre (ACERC), Institute of Advanced Sciences, Yokohama National University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Advanced Chemical Energy Research Centre (ACERC), Institute of Advanced Sciences, Yokohama National University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Advanced Chemical Energy Research Centre (ACERC), Institute of Advanced Sciences, Yokohama National University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University, kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=127 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=2223 end-page=2230 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=20230124 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Uniform Formation of a Characteristic Nanocomposite Structure of Biogenous Iron Oxide for High Rate Performance as the Anode of Lithium-Ion Batteries en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Recently, Fe2O3 has been considered as an alternative anode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) owing to its high theoretical capacity (approximately 1000 mA h g-1), low cost, and nontoxicity. However, its rate performance remains poor relative to that of the conventional graphite anode. In this study, Fe2O3-based anodes were prepared through the annealing of biogenous Fe2O3 (L-BIOX) samples produced by an aquatic Fe-oxidizing bacterium. The effect of the annealing temperature on the performance of the synthesized Fe2O3-based material as the anode of an LIB was investigated. Electrochemical measurements revealed that the annealed L-BIOX samples at 300-700 degrees C exhibited higher rate performances than the unannealed material. Particularly, the sample annealed at 700 degrees C exhibited the highest capacity among the synthesized materials and showed a higher performance than the previously reported Fe2O3-based anodes. It exhibited a capacity of 923 mA h g-1 even at a high current density of 2 A g-1. After annealing at 700 degrees C and discharging, the synthesized biogenous material had a uniform nanocomposite structure composed of alpha-Fe2O3 nanoparticles dispersed in an amorphous matrix of Li-Si-P oxide. To form this uniform nanostructure, the solid-state diffusion resistance of the Li+ ions in the active material was reduced, which consequently improved the rate performance of the electrode. Therefore, this study provides substantial insights into the development and improvement of the performance of novel Fe2O3-based nanomaterials as the anode of LIBs. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakahashiMasakuni en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Masakuni kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakumaRyo en-aut-sei=Sakuma en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HashimotoHideki en-aut-sei=Hashimoto en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiiTatsuo en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Tatsuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakadaJun en-aut-sei=Takada en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=42 article-no= start-page=7845 end-page=7849 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=20221020 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Total Synthesis of Scabrolide F en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The first total synthesis of scabrolide F, a norcembranolide isolated from the soft coral Sinularia scabra, is described. Hydroxycarboxylic acid, which is the key synthetic intermediate, was synthesized in a convergent manner by fragment coupling. The obtained hydroxycarboxylic acid was subjected to macrolactonization and subsequent transannular ring-closing metathesis (RCM) to furnish scabrolide F. The synthetic protocol can be extended to the total synthesis of other norcembranolides. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakamuraHiroyoshi en-aut-sei=Takamura en-aut-mei=Hiroyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugitaniYuki en-aut-sei=Sugitani en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorishitaRyohei en-aut-sei=Morishita en-aut-mei=Ryohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KadotaIsao en-aut-sei=Kadota en-aut-mei=Isao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=126 cd-vols= no-issue=38 article-no= start-page=7212 end-page=7228 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=20220915 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Roles of the Flexible Primary Coordination Sphere of the Mn4CaOx Cluster: What Are the Immediate Decay Products of the S-3 State? en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The primary coordination sphere of the multinuclear cofactor (Mn4CaOx) in the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) of photosystem II is absolutely conserved to maintain its structure and function. Recent time-resolved serial femtosecond crystallography identified large reorganization of the primary coordination sphere in the S-2 to S-3 transition, which elicits a cascade of events involving Mn oxidation and water molecule binding to a putative catalytic Mn site. We examined how the crystallographic fields, created by transient conformational states of the OEC at various time points, affect the thermodynamics of various isomers of the Mn cluster using DFT calculations, with an aim of comprehending the functional roles of the flexible primary coordination sphere in the S-2 to S-3 transition and in the recovery of the S-2 state. The results show that the relative movements of surrounding residues change the size and shape of the cavity of the cluster and thereby affect the thermodynamics of various catalytic intermediates as well as the ability to capture a new water molecule at a coordinatively unsaturated site. The implication of these findings is that the protein dynamics may serve to gate the catalytic reaction efficiently by controlling the sequence of Mn oxidation/reduction and water binding/release. This interpretation is consistent with EPR experiments; g similar to 5 and g similar to 3 signals obtained after near-infrared (NIR) excitation of the S-3 state at 4 K and a g similar to 5 only signal produced after prolonged incubation of the S-3 state at 77 K can be best explained as originating from water-bound S-2 clusters (S-total = 7/2) under a S-3 ligand field, i.e., the immediate one-electron reduction products of the oxyl-oxo (S-total = 6) and hydroxo-oxo (S-total = 3) species in the S-3 state. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IsobeHiroshi en-aut-sei=Isobe en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShojiMitsuo en-aut-sei=Shoji en-aut-mei=Mitsuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiTakayoshi en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Takayoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShenJian-Ren en-aut-sei=Shen en-aut-mei=Jian-Ren kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamaguchiKizashi en-aut-sei=Yamaguchi en-aut-mei=Kizashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Center for Computational Science, University of Tsukuba, kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Institute for NanoScience Design, Osaka University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=85 cd-vols= no-issue=8 article-no= start-page=2122 end-page=2125 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=20220817 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=First Total Synthesis of Reassigned Echinosulfonic Acid D en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Echinosulfonic acid D, a sponge metabolite whose structure was recently reassigned, was synthesized for the first time. The key step is the double indolization of dimethylbarbituric acid using the umpolung indole reagent, followed by a hydrolysis/decarboxylation/esterification sequence. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AbeTakumi en-aut-sei=Abe en-aut-mei=Takumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakajimaRen en-aut-sei=Nakajima en-aut-mei=Ren kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamashiroToshiki en-aut-sei=Yamashiro en-aut-mei=Toshiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SawadaDaisuke en-aut-sei=Sawada en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=36 cd-vols= no-issue=18 article-no= start-page=10667 end-page=10674 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=20220628 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Structure Selectivity of Mixed Gas Hydrates and Group 14 Clathrates en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The structure selectivity of mixed gas hydrates and group 14 clathrates is examined on the basis of statistical mechanical theories and the empirical rule on the topological constraint of the Frank-Kasper phases. The most stable structure is revealed by the generalized phase diagram, where the chemical potential differences in the three canonical forms of clathrates are independent variables. The most stable structure incorporating individual guest species is evaluated by the locus of the chemical potential differences on this generalized phase diagram. We show that the method developed here is simple but powerful to estimate roughly phase behaviors of clathrate compounds in a wide range of thermodynamic conditions, which is demonstrated by two applications: the generalized phase diagram of group 14 element clathrates and the phase behavior of mixed gas hydrates. The present theory leads to proposals of phase change agents, of which the addition sensitively influences the structure selectivity, encompassing even minor structures. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsumotoMasakazu en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Masakazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaHideki en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Toyota Physical and Chemical Research Institute kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=61 cd-vols= no-issue=7 article-no= start-page=545 end-page=553 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=20220311 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Conformation-Dependent Reversible Interaction of Ca2+/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Kinase with an Inhibitor, TIM-063 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase (CaMKK), a Ca2+/CaM-dependent enzyme that phosphorylates and activates multifunctional kinases, including CaMKI, CaMKIV, protein kinase B/Akt, and 5'AMP-activated protein kinase, is involved in various Ca2+-signaling pathways in cells. Recently, we developed an ATP competitive CaMKK inhibitor, TIM-063 (2-hydroxy-3-nitro-7H-benzo-[de]benzo[4,5]imidazo[2,1-a]isoquinolin-7-one, Ohtsuka et al. Biochemistry 2020, 59, 1701-1710). To gain mechanistic insights into the interaction of CaMKK with TIM-063, we prepared TIM-063-coupled sepharose (TIM-127-sepharose) for association/dissociation analysis of the enzyme/inhibitor complex. CaMKK alpha/beta in transfected COS-7 cells and in mouse brain extracts specifically bound to TIM-127-sepharose and dissociated following the addition of TIM-063 in a manner similar to that of recombinant GST-CaMKK alpha/beta, which could bind to TIM-127sepharose in a Ca2+/CaM-dependent fashion and dissociate from the sepharose following the addition of TIM-063 in a dose dependent manner. In contrast to GST-CaMKK alpha, GST-CaMKK beta was able to weakly bind to TIM-127-sepharose in the presence of EGTA, probably due to the partially active conformation of recombinant GST-CaMKK beta without Ca2+/CaM-binding. These results suggested that the regulatory domain of CaMKK alpha prevented the inhibitor from interacting with the catalytic domain as the GST-CaMKK alpha mutant (residues 126-434) lacking the regulatory domain (residues 438-463) interacted with TIM-127-sepharose regardless of the presence or absence of Ca2+/CaM. Furthermore, CaMKK alpha bound to TIM-127-sepharose in the presence of Ca2+/ CaM completely dissociated from TIM-127-sepharose following the addition of excess EGTA. These results indicated that TIM-063 interacted with and inhibited CaMKK in its active state but not in its autoinhibited state and that this interaction is likely reversible, depending on the concentration of intracellular Ca2+. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OhtsukaSatomi en-aut-sei=Ohtsuka en-aut-mei=Satomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkumuraTaisei en-aut-sei=Okumura en-aut-mei=Taisei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ΤabuchiYuna en-aut-sei=Τabuchi en-aut-mei=Yuna kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyagawaTomoyuki en-aut-sei=Miyagawa en-aut-mei=Tomoyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanayamaNaoki en-aut-sei=Kanayama en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MagariMasaki en-aut-sei=Magari en-aut-mei=Masaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HatanoNaoya en-aut-sei=Hatano en-aut-mei=Naoya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakagamiHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Sakagami en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuizuFutoshi en-aut-sei=Suizu en-aut-mei=Futoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshikawaTeruhiko en-aut-sei=Ishikawa en-aut-mei=Teruhiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=TokumitsuHiroshi en-aut-sei=Tokumitsu en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Applied Cell Biology, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science & Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Science Education, Graduate School of Education, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Science Education, Graduate School of Education, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Science Education, Graduate School of Education, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Applied Cell Biology, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science & Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Applied Cell Biology, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science & Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Applied Cell Biology, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science & Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Anatomy, Kitasato University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Division of Cancer Biology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Science Education, Graduate School of Education, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Applied Cell Biology, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science & Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=125 cd-vols= no-issue=46 article-no= start-page=12820 end-page=12831 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=20211110 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Theory of Gas Solubility and Hydrophobic Interaction in Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Ion-specific effects on the solubility of nonpolar solutes and on the solute–solute hydrophobic interaction in aqueous electrolyte solutions are studied on the basis of a continuum theory that incorporates the excluded volume of the molecules using the four-component (water, cations, anions, and solutes) Boublı́k–Mansoori–Carnahan–Starling–Leland model and ion hydration (electrostriction) using the Born model. We examine how the ordering of ions in the salt effect on the solubility as measured by the Sechenov coefficient KS changes with varying sizes of ions and solutes. Our calculation reproduces the general trend of experimentally measured KS and also provides insight into the irregular behavior of KS for lithium ion. The correlation between KS and the salt effect on the hydrophobic interaction that has been pointed out earlier is accounted for by an explicit connection between KS and the salt-enhanced-association coefficient CI in the expansion of the second osmotic virial coefficient B(ns) = B(0) – CIns + ··· in powers of the salt density ns at fixed pressure and temperature. The quadratic relation is derived for ions and solutes that are not very large. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkamotoRyuichi en-aut-sei=Okamoto en-aut-mei=Ryuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KogaKenichiro en-aut-sei=Koga en-aut-mei=Kenichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=2 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=250 end-page=259 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=20220126 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Microfluidic Production of Monodisperse Biopolymer Microcapsules for Latent Heat Storage en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Microencapsulation of phase change materials in a polymer shell is a promising technology to prevent them from leakage and to use them as a handleable powder state. However, the microencapsulation process is a time-consuming process because the typical shell-forming step requires polymerization or evaporation of the solvent. In this study, we report a simple and rapid flow process to prepare monodisperse biocompatible cellulose acetate (CA) microcapsules encapsulating n-hexadecane (HD) for latent heat storage applications. The microcapsules were prepared by combining microfluidic droplet formation and subsequent rapid solvent removal from the droplets by solvent diffusion. The diameter and shell thickness of the microcapsules could be controlled by adjusting the flow rate and the HD-to-CA weight ratio in the dispersed phase. We found that 1-hexadecanol added to the microcapsules played the role of a nucleation agent and mitigated the supercooling phenomenon during crystallization. Furthermore, cross-linking of the CA shell with poly(propylene glycol), tolylene 2,4-diisocyanate terminated, resulted in the formation of a thin and dense shell. The microcapsules exhibited a 66 wt % encapsulation efficiency and a 176 J g–1 latent heat storage capacity, with negligible supercooling. We believe that this microflow process can contribute to the preparation of environmentally friendly microcapsules for heat storage applications. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WatanabeTakaichi en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Takaichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakaiYuko en-aut-sei=Sakai en-aut-mei=Yuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugimoriNaomi en-aut-sei=Sugimori en-aut-mei=Naomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkedaToshinori en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Toshinori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MonzenMasayuki en-aut-sei=Monzen en-aut-mei=Masayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OnoTsutomu en-aut-sei=Ono en-aut-mei=Tsutomu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Chusei Oil Co., Ltd. kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Chusei Oil Co., Ltd. kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Chusei Oil Co., Ltd. kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=microfluidics kn-keyword=microfluidics en-keyword=phase separation kn-keyword=phase separation en-keyword=core−shell kn-keyword=core−shell en-keyword=cellulose acetate kn-keyword=cellulose acetate en-keyword=latent heat storage kn-keyword=latent heat storage END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=4 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=348 end-page=356 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=20211222 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Multilayer Poly(ionic liquid) Microcapsules Prepared by Sequential Phase Separation and Subsequent Photopolymerization in Ternary Emulsion Droplets en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We report a simple microfluidic process to prepare multilayer poly(ionic liquid)s (PILs) microcapsules via sequential liquid-liquid phase separation within ternary emulsion droplets followed by the photopolymerization of ionic liquid (IL) monomerrich phases. The emulsion droplets, consisting of a hydrophobic IL monomer, water, and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) are first formed in a microfluidic device, and the droplets are then carried by a continuous aqueous phase. Subsequently, DMF diffuses from the droplets into the continuous aqueous phase, resulting in the sequential internal phase separation of the IL-rich and water-rich phases, generating multilayer emulsion droplets comprising alternating IL-rich and water-rich phases. The number of droplet layers was controlled from one to five by varying the initial composition of the dispersed phase. Furthermore, in the conditions where higher-order emulsion droplets were formed, the time scale between the onset of phase separation and the formation of each layer became shorter. Additionally, the IL-rich phases in the multilayer emulsion droplets were easily solidified via photopolymerization, resulting in PILs microcapsules with multilayer structures. Anion exchange of the obtained PILs microcapsules effectuated their transition from a hydrophobic to a hydrophilic nature, resulting in PILs microcapsules with diverse swelling properties and PILs layers permeability across various solvents. We believe that the sequential phase separation system observed in the ternary emulsion droplets can pave the way for the design of PILs-based colloidal materials with thermodynamically non-equilibrium structures, thereby extending their application in functional materials. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WatanabeTakaichi en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Takaichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YasuharaYuka en-aut-sei=Yasuhara en-aut-mei=Yuka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OnoTsutomu en-aut-sei=Ono en-aut-mei=Tsutomu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1, Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1, Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1, Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan kn-affil= en-keyword=Microfluidics kn-keyword=Microfluidics en-keyword=Multiple emulsion kn-keyword=Multiple emulsion en-keyword=Poly(ionic liquid) kn-keyword=Poly(ionic liquid) en-keyword=Phase separation kn-keyword=Phase separation en-keyword=Non-equilibrium structure kn-keyword=Non-equilibrium structure END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=86 cd-vols= no-issue=14 article-no= start-page=9802 end-page=9810 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=202177 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Toward the Synthesis of Paspaline-Type Indole-Terpenes: Stereoselective Construction of Core Scaffold with Contiguous Asymmetric Quaternary Carbon Centers en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The core scaffold of paspaline-type indole-terpenes was synthesized by using the House–Meinwald rearrangement as a key step. Rearrangement of the epoxide methyl group in the precursor with MABR (methylaluminum bis(4-bromo-2,6-di-tert-butylphenoxide)) as a Lewis acid proceeded smoothly to construct contiguous asymmetric quaternary carbon centers by a 1,2-chirality transfer. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HayakawaIchiro en-aut-sei=Hayakawa en-aut-mei=Ichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumaruNaochika en-aut-sei=Matsumaru en-aut-mei=Naochika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakakuraAkira en-aut-sei=Sakakura en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Integrated Basic Sciences, Nihon University, 3-25-40 Sakurajosui, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8550, Japan kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=29 article-no= start-page=35079 end-page=35085 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=2021714 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Wettability Difference Induced Out-of-Plane Unidirectional Droplet Transport for Efficient Fog Harvesting en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Securing freshwater resources is a global issue for ensuring sustainable development. Fog harvesting is attracting great attention as a method to collect water without any energy input. Previous reports that were inspired by insects and plants have given insights such as the effectiveness of in-plane wettability and structural differences for droplet transport, which might enhance artificial water harvesting efficiency. However, further efforts to transfer droplets while maintaining performance are needed because droplet motion owing to these effects is limited to the in-plane direction. In this study, we report droplet transport between three-dimensional copper wire structures with nanostructured hydrophobic and superhydrophilic features. This mechanism enhanced the fog harvesting capability by more than 20% compared with the cumulative value of individual wires. In addition, the relationship between the droplet height and spacing of wires affected the performance. Our results show the importance of out-of-plane directional droplet transport from the wire surface assisted by differences in wire wettability, which minimizes limiting factors of fog harvesting including clogging and droplet shedding. Furthermore, the proposed arrangement reduces the overall system width compared with that of a two-dimensional arrangement while maintaining the amount of harvested water. These results provide a promising approach to designing large-scale and highly efficient fog harvesters. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamadaYutaka en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=Yutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakataEiji en-aut-sei=Sakata en-aut-mei=Eiji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IsobeKazuma en-aut-sei=Isobe en-aut-mei=Kazuma kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HoribeAkihiko en-aut-sei=Horibe en-aut-mei=Akihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=fog harvesting kn-keyword=fog harvesting en-keyword=wettability difference kn-keyword=wettability difference en-keyword=unidirectional droplet transport kn-keyword=unidirectional droplet transport en-keyword=projected area kn-keyword=projected area en-keyword=vertical copper wires kn-keyword=vertical copper wires END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=125 cd-vols= no-issue=23 article-no= start-page=6296 end-page=6305 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=202168 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Ion Size Dependences of the Salting-Out Effect: Reversed Order of Sodium and Lithium Ions en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A general trend of the salting-out effect on hydrophobic solutes in aqueous solution is that the smaller the size of a dissolved ion, the larger the effect of reducing the solubility of a hydrophobe. An exception is that Li+, the smallest in alkali metal ions, has a notably weaker effect than Na+. To understand the reversed order in the cation series, we performed molecular dynamics simulations of aqueous solutions of salt ions and calculated the Setschenow coefficient of methane with the ionic radius of either a cation or an anion varied in a wide range. It is confirmed that the Setschenow coefficient is correlated with the packing fraction of salt solution, as observed in earlier studies, and also correlated with the partial molar volume of an ion. Analyses of correlation function integrals, packing fractions of solvation spheres, and orientations of water molecules surrounding an ion reveal the key differences in microscopic properties between the cation and anion series, which give rise to the reversed order in the cation series of the partial molar volumes of ions and ultimately that of the Setschenow coefficients. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KatsutoHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Katsuto en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkamotoRyuichi en-aut-sei=Okamoto en-aut-mei=Ryuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SumiTomonari en-aut-sei=Sumi en-aut-mei=Tomonari kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KogaKenichiro en-aut-sei=Koga en-aut-mei=Kenichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=23 cd-vols= no-issue=8 article-no= start-page=3120 end-page=3124 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=20210405 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Electrosynthesis of Phosphacycles via Dehydrogenative C–P Bond Formation Using DABCO as a Mediator en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The first electrochemical synthesis of diarylphosphole oxides (DPOs) was achieved under mild conditions. The practical protocol employs commercially available and inexpensive DABCO as a hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) mediator, leading to various DPOs in moderate to good yields. This procedure can also be applied to the synthesis of six-membered phosphacycles, such as phenophosphazine derivatives. Mechanistic studies suggested that the reaction proceeds via an electro-generated phosphinyl radical. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KurimotoYuji en-aut-sei=Kurimoto en-aut-mei=Yuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamashitaJun en-aut-sei=Yamashita en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitsudoKoichi en-aut-sei=Mitsudo en-aut-mei=Koichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoEisuke en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Eisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugaSeiji en-aut-sei=Suga en-aut-mei=Seiji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=1303 end-page=1310 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=20210122 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Unveiling the Interaction Potential Surface between Drug-Entrapped Polymeric Micelles Clarifying the High Drug Nanocarrier Efficiency en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= Polymeric micelles are invaluable media as drug nanocarriers. Although knowledge of an interaction between the micelles is a key to understanding the mechanisms and developing the superior functions, the interaction potential surface between drug-incorporated polymeric micelles has not yet been quantitatively evaluated due to the extremely complex structure. Here, the interaction potential surface between drug-entrapped polymeric micelles was unveiled by combining a small-angle scattering experiment and a model-potential-free liquid-state theory. Triblock copolymer composed of poly(ethylene oxide) and poly(propylene oxide) was investigated over a wide concentration range (0.5–10.0 wt %). Effects of the entrapment of a water-insoluble hydrophobic drug, cyclosporin A, on the interaction were explored by comparing the interactions with and without the drug. The results directly clarified the high drug carrier efficiency in terms of the interaction between the micelles. In addition, an investigation based on density functional theory provided a deeper insight into the monomer contribution to the extremely stable dispersion of the nanocarrier. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MoritaTakeshi en-aut-sei=Morita en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MukaideSayaka en-aut-sei=Mukaide en-aut-mei=Sayaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ChenZiqiao en-aut-sei=Chen en-aut-mei=Ziqiao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HigashiKenjirou en-aut-sei=Higashi en-aut-mei=Kenjirou kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImamuraHiroshi en-aut-sei=Imamura en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoribeKunikazu en-aut-sei=Moribe en-aut-mei=Kunikazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SumiTomonari en-aut-sei=Sumi en-aut-mei=Tomonari kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, Chiba University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=polymeric micelle kn-keyword=polymeric micelle en-keyword=drug entrapment kn-keyword=drug entrapment en-keyword=nanocarrier kn-keyword=nanocarrier en-keyword=interaction potential surface kn-keyword=interaction potential surface en-keyword=small-angle X-ray scattering kn-keyword=small-angle X-ray scattering en-keyword=model-potential-free liquid-state theory kn-keyword=model-potential-free liquid-state theory END