start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=9 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2008 dt-pub=20080331 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Storm surge in the Seto Inland Sea accompanied by Typhoons in 2004 kn-title=2004年の台風による瀬戸内海の高潮について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In 2004, Seto Inland Sea coast suffered severe damages of storm surge. This area never experienced storm surge damage in recent half century and people were not ready for the storm surge. In two typhoons of T0416 and T0418, surge anomaly were more than 150cm in Bisan-Seto area. Storm surges appeared after the maximum approach of typhoon not only due to surface low pressure but also due to wind stress as westerly. Because of geographical complexity of Seto Inland Sea, the surge process have not been well understood. Therefore, it is necessary to study the effects of the wind and the surface pressure using a numerical model. Atmospheric model MM5 and ocean model POM were used as a numerical experiment, including the astronomical tide model NAO. Aｓ the results of numerical simulation of the storm surge, atmospheric conditions were well simulated but ocean model was rather complex. There are a lot of island in Seto Inland Sea and sea water movement in the model was very much influenced by the topography and wind stress effect appeared much smaller. In the no-island model, storm surge height was a little improved. However the simulated surge height was still less than the observed height. Further improvement of the ocean model application should be considered in future studies. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AsanumaTomomitsu en-aut-sei=Asanuma en-aut-mei=Tomomitsu kn-aut-name=淺沼友光 kn-aut-sei=淺沼 kn-aut-mei=友光 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsukamotoOsamu en-aut-sei=Tsukamoto en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name=塚本修 kn-aut-sei=塚本 kn-aut-mei=修 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OgawaKouji en-aut-sei=Ogawa en-aut-mei=Kouji kn-aut-name=小川貢司 kn-aut-sei=小川 kn-aut-mei=貢司 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山理科大学 en-keyword=Typhoon kn-keyword=Typhoon en-keyword=Storm Surge kn-keyword=Storm Surge en-keyword=Seto Inland Sea kn-keyword=Seto Inland Sea en-keyword=surface pressure kn-keyword=surface pressure en-keyword=wind stress kn-keyword=wind stress END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=13 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2006 dt-pub=20060331 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=バングラディシュの更新世台地の地形と地質 kn-title=A Review on the Quaternary Characteristics of Pleistocene Tracts of Bangladesh en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=With regards to the origin and evolution of the Pleistocene tracts (Lalmai, Madhupur and Barind tracts) of Bangladesh, two trends of thoughts are common. Most of the authors believed that the Madhupur, Barind and Lalmai tracts represent tectonically uplifted surface. Some researchers have different opinion and they believed that the Lalmai hills and the Madhupur locality represent tectonically uplifted blocks but the whole Barind tract and the major portion of the Madhuput tracts are not tectonically uplifted, rather these are originated by erossional-depositional processes. In order to solve the problems associated with origin and evolution of Pleistocene tracts of Bangladesh, further study is needed. Borehole data may be collected and fusion images can be prepared from aerial photographs and setellite images to detect netectonic imprins and geomorphological signatures of the areas. Elaborate laboratory analysis of sediment deposits, radiocarbon dating my indicate a new dimension about the origin and evolution of these tracts. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TowhidaRashid kn-aut-sei=Towhida kn-aut-mei=Rashid aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=Md. hossainMonsur kn-aut-sei=Md. hossain kn-aut-mei=Monsur aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiShigeyuki en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Shigeyuki kn-aut-name=鈴木茂之 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=茂之 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Tehonology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Geology, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Tehonology, Okayama University en-keyword=Bangladesh kn-keyword=Bangladesh en-keyword=Lalmai Hill kn-keyword=Lalmai Hill en-keyword=Barind Tract kn-keyword=Barind Tract en-keyword=Madhupur Tract kn-keyword=Madhupur Tract en-keyword=Neotectonices kn-keyword=Neotectonices en-keyword=Aerial photographs kn-keyword=Aerial photographs en-keyword=Satellite Image kn-keyword=Satellite Image en-keyword=Fusion Image kn-keyword=Fusion Image END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=15 end-page=18 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2006 dt-pub=20060331 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Geology of Holocene deposits in Mizushima Area, Okayama Prefecture, Japan kn-title=倉敷市水島地域の沖積地盤地質 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The study srea, Mizushima is occupied by polder and reclaimed land. The ground of this area is composed of the Holocene deposits below the surface. The deposits are mostly 10 to 20m in thickness and composed of 2 units, the B Unit and C&D Unit. The B Unit is composed of muddy sand with 2 to 3m in thickness. This unit is thought to be deposited in the mouth of paleoriver. The C&D Unit is composed of marine mud and sand with 10 to 15m in thickness. This unit is especially soft and will expand ground oscillations during an earthquake. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SuzukiShigeyuki en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Shigeyuki kn-aut-name=鈴木茂之 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=茂之 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Okayama University en-keyword=Holocene deposits kn-keyword=Holocene deposits en-keyword=Mizushima Area kn-keyword=Mizushima Area en-keyword=Ground oscillation kn-keyword=Ground oscillation END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=19 end-page=25 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2006 dt-pub=20060331 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Eastward extension of the Baiu Front on the surface weather maps in ralation to zonal scale of the area with strong low-level southerly wind toward the front kn-title=天気図上の梅雨前線出現域の変動と前線帯への下層南風域の東西スケールについて en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Eastward extension of the Baiu front in relation to zonal scale of the area with strong low-level southerly wind toward the front was examined based on the operational surface weather maps and the NCEP/NCAR re-analysis data mainly for the mature Baiu period (15 June to 31 July) from 1991 to 2000. During that period, the Baiu front on the surface weather maps appeared from the Changjiang River Basim to the east of the Japan Islands accompanied by the strong low-level southerly wind toward it in a wide zonal scala(～3500km), in many cases. However, the situations when the appesrance of the Baiu front was limited to the western part of the Japan Islands or limited to its eastern part are sometimes found with relatively narrow zonal acale of the strong low-level southerly wind toward the front, although the appearance frequency of such cases was not so high. As such the present results illustrate the importance of the zonal scale of the subtropical high for the spatial activity of the Baiu front. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NakayamaYuuki en-aut-sei=Nakayama en-aut-mei=Yuuki kn-aut-name=中山祐貴 kn-aut-sei=中山 kn-aut-mei=祐貴 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OwadaMichio en-aut-sei=Owada en-aut-mei=Michio kn-aut-name=大和田道雄 kn-aut-sei=大和田 kn-aut-mei=道雄 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=Ikedashoichiro en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=shoichiro kn-aut-name=池田祥一郎 kn-aut-sei=池田 kn-aut-mei=祥一郎 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoKuranoshin en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Kuranoshin kn-aut-name=加藤内藏進 kn-aut-sei=加藤 kn-aut-mei=内藏進 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Education, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Science, Aichi University of Education affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Education, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University en-keyword=variation of the Baiu front kn-keyword=variation of the Baiu front en-keyword=southerly wind in the subtropical high area kn-keyword=southerly wind in the subtropical high area en-keyword=zonal extension of the Baiu front kn-keyword=zonal extension of the Baiu front END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=5 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=20051231 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=沖縄トラフ第四与那国海丘海底熱水系チムニーの錫を含む黄銅鉱と白金を含む輝蒼鉛鉱 kn-title=Tin-bearing chalcopyrite and platinum-bearing bismuthinite in the active Tiger chimney, Yonaguni Knoll IV seafloor hydrothermal system, South Okinawa Trough, Japan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The active sulfide chimney ore sampled from the flank of the active Tiger chimney in the Yonaguni Knoll IV hydrothermal system, South Okinawa Trough, consists of anhydrite, pyrite, shalerite, galena, chalcopyrite and bismuthinite. Electron microprobe analyses indicated that the chalcopyrite and bismuthinite contain up to 2.4 wt. % Sn and 1.7 wt. % Pt, respectively. The high Sn-bearing chalcopyrite and Pt-bearing bismuthinite are the first occurrence of such minerals on the submarine hydrothermal systems so far reported. The results confirm that the Sn enters the chalcopyrite as a solid solution towards stannite by the coupled substitution of Sn 4+ Fe 2+ for Fe 3+ Fe 3+ while Pt enters the bismuthinite structure as a solid solution during rapid growth. The homogenization temperature of the fluid inclusions in anhydrite (220-310℃) and metasured end-member temperature of the vent fluids (325℃) indicate that the minerals are precipitated as metastable phases at temperature around 300℃. The Sn-bearing chalcopyrite and Pt-bearing bismuthinite expess the original composition of the minerals deposited from a hydrothermal fluid with temperatures of about 300℃. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=GenaKaul en-aut-sei=Gena en-aut-mei=Kaul kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ChibaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Chiba en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=千葉仁 kn-aut-sei=千葉 kn-aut-mei=仁 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KaseKatsuo en-aut-sei=Kase en-aut-mei=Katsuo kn-aut-name=加瀬克雄 kn-aut-sei=加瀬 kn-aut-mei=克雄 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-keyword=Sn-bearing chalcopyrite kn-keyword=Sn-bearing chalcopyrite en-keyword=Pt-bearing bismuthinite kn-keyword=Pt-bearing bismuthinite en-keyword=Active sulfide Chimmey kn-keyword=Active sulfide Chimmey en-keyword=Yonaguni Knoll IV kn-keyword=Yonaguni Knoll IV en-keyword=Okinawa Trough kn-keyword=Okinawa Trough en-keyword=seafloor hydrothermal system kn-keyword=seafloor hydrothermal system END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=7 end-page=14 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=20051231 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=ガーナ, ビルム・ダイヤモンド産地のアクァティア地域に分布する沖積層の重鉱物分析 kn-title=Heavy mineral analysis of alluvial aedinents from the Akwatia area of the Birim diamonndierous field, Ghana en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Heavy mineral analysis was carried out on Pliocene to Recent alluvial sediments from the Birim diamondiferous field od Ghana. The main objective of the study was to examine the mineral composition of heavy fractions in order to identify : (1) the heavy mineral assenblage that occur in the sediments, (2) particular diamond indicator minerals associated with the diamonds, and (3) the provenance of the alluvial sediments. The heavy minerals are essentially composed of staurolite, ilmenite and magnetite in varying proportions, with trace amounts of leucoxene, rutile, garnet and zircon. The heavy mineral assenblage and chemical composition of ilmenite and gamet suggest their derivation from phyllites and schists which reflect directly the composition of the basement rocks developed in the study area. The absence of diamond indicatior minerals such as apatite, pyrope garmet, chromian spinel, and picroilmenite in the heavy fraction is unlikely to be due to their destruction during intense weathering and/or diagenesis but rarher their non-occurrence in the area. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=SamuelDampare kn-aut-sei=Samuel kn-aut-mei=Dampare aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=DanielAsiedu kn-aut-sei=Daniel kn-aut-mei=Asiedu aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=BruceBanoeng-yakubo kn-aut-sei=Bruce kn-aut-mei=Banoeng-yakubo aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShibataTsugio en-aut-sei=Shibata en-aut-mei=Tsugio kn-aut-name=柴田次夫 kn-aut-sei=柴田 kn-aut-mei=次夫 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Geology, University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Geology, University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Okayama University en-keyword=Heavy minerals kn-keyword=Heavy minerals en-keyword=provenance kn-keyword=provenance en-keyword=sediments kn-keyword=sediments en-keyword=diamonds kn-keyword=diamonds en-keyword=Ghana kn-keyword=Ghana END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=15 end-page=30 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=20051231 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=ガーナ,南部アシャンティ帯の原生代プリンスタウン・グラニトイド岩体に関する主成分地球化学 kn-title=Major-element geochemistry of Proterozoic Prince's Town granitoid from the southern Ashanti volcanic belt, Ghana en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The Pateoproterozoic metavolcanic rocks of the southern Ashanti greenstone belt of Ghana are intruded by three major suites of granitoids, locally called Prince's Town, Dixcove and Ketan plutons. The Prince's Town pluton is the largest intrusive body in the Axim area, and tends to separate the Axim volcanic branch from the Cape Three Points branch. The Pluton consists of granitic to dioritic rocks, which are generally massive but occasionally display alignment of ferromagnesian minerals. The rocks contain mainly plagioclase, K-feldspar, quartz, amphibole, biotite and opaques. The feldspars are mostly sericitized and saussuritized, and alteration of amphibole and biotite to epidote and chlorite is common. Accessory minerals include apatite, sphene and zircon. The geochemical data indicate that the rocks are tonalitic to granodioritic in composoition, metaluminous (ASI<1) and have I-type characteristics. The granitoids have the SiO2 content of 63-70% ; total iron, as Fe2 O3 of 3.10-5.80% ; (Na2O+K2O) content of 5.01-6.96% and Na2O/K2O ratios from 1.34 to 2.70 ; and are characterized by Mg# ranging from 53 to 48. The Fe*(=FeOtot/FeOtot+MgO) and modified alkali-lime index (MALI) of the rocks indicate that the Prince's Town pluton is dominantly magnesian and calcic in nature. Higher values in molar CaO/(MgO+FeOtot) coupled with low molar AI2O3/(MgO+FeOtot) may suggest their derivation from partial melting of metabasaltic to metatonalitic sourcc, with a possible contribution from metagreywacke, but preclude any contribution from metapelitic sources. The Birimaian metavolcanic rocks are the likely source material candidate for the rocks. CIPW norm calculations yielded a crystallization temperature of～650-685℃ and a pressure of 4-7kb for the rocks, suggesting a lower crustal souree. The Prince's Town plutonic rocks also show characteristice of plutons emplaced in a volcanic are tectonic setting environment. This observation is largely consistent with previous studies conducted on granitoids from other parts of the southern Ashanti greenstone belt c and the belt-type granitoids of Ghana as a whole. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=SamuelDampare kn-aut-sei=Samuel kn-aut-mei=Dampare aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShibataTsugio en-aut-sei=Shibata en-aut-mei=Tsugio kn-aut-name=柴田次夫 kn-aut-sei=柴田 kn-aut-mei=次夫 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=DanielAsiedu kn-aut-sei=Daniel kn-aut-mei=Asiedu aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=ShilohOsae kn-aut-sei=Shiloh kn-aut-mei=Osae aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Geology, University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=National Nuclear Research Institute, Ghana Atomic Energy Commission en-keyword=Geochemistry kn-keyword=Geochemistry en-keyword=tectonic setting kn-keyword=tectonic setting en-keyword=granitoids kn-keyword=granitoids en-keyword=Birimian kn-keyword=Birimian en-keyword=Ghana kn-keyword=Ghana END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=31 end-page=37 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=20051231 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=中国淮河流域付近の入梅前の時期における大気場や陸面状態の季節進行 (1998年の事例解析) kn-title=Seasonal evolution of atmospheric and land surface conditions around the Huaihe River Basin in China in the pre-Meiyu stage of 1998 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=　Seasonal evolution of atmospheric and land surface conditions around the Huaihe River Basin in China in the pre-Meiyu stage of 1998 were examined, mainly based on the GAME re-analysis data. Around the Huaihe River Basin in China (just to the nront of the Changjiang River Basin), although the air temperature increased rapidly already in early June (the Meuyu front was located to the south of that region), the specific humidity did not increas so much at time. In addition, the latent heat supplied from the ground there decreased from late May to early June, compared to that before early May. The time mean southerly wind component across the low-level baroclinic Zone (although not so strong as in the mature stage of the Meiyu) invaded into Central Cjina during late April to early May. On the other hand, the relatively strong wind region once retreated southward in the middle of May associated with the onset of the Southeast Asian monsoon, and the calm wind region with frequent appearance of the surface high was seen around the Huaihe River Basin from late May to early June. Thus the present study shows that the Huaihe River Basin once experiences the rather drier stage just before the onset stage of the mature Meiyu there. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IkedaShoichiro en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Shoichiro kn-aut-name=池田祥一郎 kn-aut-sei=池田 kn-aut-mei=祥一郎 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoKuranoshin en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Kuranoshin kn-aut-name=加藤内藏進 kn-aut-sei=加藤 kn-aut-mei=内藏進 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsukamotoOsamu en-aut-sei=Tsukamoto en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name=塚本修 kn-aut-sei=塚本 kn-aut-mei=修 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Education, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University en-keyword=arid region in China and the Meiyu front kn-keyword=arid region in China and the Meiyu front en-keyword=seasonal evlution in East Asia kn-keyword=seasonal evlution in East Asia en-keyword=Land surface condition around the Meiyu front kn-keyword=Land surface condition around the Meiyu front END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=39 end-page=47 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=20051231 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Local wind storm (Hirodo-kaze) in northern Okayama caused by Typhoon 0421 & 0423 kn-title=2004年の台風による岡山県北部の暴風被害(広戸風)について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In 2004, ten typhoons had landed over Japan and a lot of damages were reported due to heavy rain, storm surge and wind storms. In the north eastern part of Okayama prefecture, local high wind "Hirodo-kaze" caused severe wind damages due to typhoon passage. During Typhoon 0421, high winds were recoreded in the south foot of Mt.Nagi as typical local wind atrom, " Hirodo-kaze". While, during Typhoon 0423, severe wind damages expanded west of the typical Hirodo-kaze srea as well as a new extreme. In the present report, a lot of surface meteorological data were coollected and compared the meteorological fields among two typhoons. 　 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KataokaFumie en-aut-sei=Kataoka en-aut-mei=Fumie kn-aut-name=片岡文恵 kn-aut-sei=片岡 kn-aut-mei=文恵 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsukamotoOsamu en-aut-sei=Tsukamoto en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name=塚本修 kn-aut-sei=塚本 kn-aut-mei=修 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University en-keyword=Wind Storm kn-keyword=Wind Storm en-keyword=Hirodo-kaze kn-keyword=Hirodo-kaze en-keyword=Typhoon kn-keyword=Typhoon en-keyword=Local high wind kn-keyword=Local high wind END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=49 end-page=58 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=20051231 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Drilling Research of a high-latiude coral reef in Mage Island, Stsunan Islands, Japan kn-title=薩南諸島・馬毛島における高緯度サンゴ礁の掘削調査 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Four drilling cores are observed from a high-latitude coral reef at the northwestern Mage Island (N30゜45' 40"). The thickness of the Holocene reef is around 2.5m in the reef edge and 4m in back reef. The Holocene thickness is relatively thin comparing to the modern reefs in the middle or the southern Ryukyu Islands. The reef structure Acropora facies, reworked coral rubble facies. This zonal structure conforms to the ecological coral-zonation corresponding to the wave-energy gradient. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KanHironobu en-aut-sei=Kan en-aut-mei=Hironobu kn-aut-name=菅浩伸 kn-aut-sei=菅 kn-aut-mei=浩伸 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakashimaYosuke en-aut-sei=Nakashima en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name=中島洋典 kn-aut-sei=中島 kn-aut-mei=洋典 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhashiTomoya en-aut-sei=Ohashi en-aut-mei=Tomoya kn-aut-name=大橋倫也 kn-aut-sei=大橋 kn-aut-mei=倫也 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HamanakaNozomu en-aut-sei=Hamanaka en-aut-mei=Nozomu kn-aut-name=濱中望 kn-aut-sei=濱中 kn-aut-mei=望 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkamotoTakehiro en-aut-sei=Okamoto en-aut-mei=Takehiro kn-aut-name=岡本健裕 kn-aut-sei=岡本 kn-aut-mei=健裕 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakaiTatsuo en-aut-sei=Nakai en-aut-mei=Tatsuo kn-aut-name=中井達郎 kn-aut-sei=中井 kn-aut-mei=達郎 aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HoriNobuyuki en-aut-sei=Hori en-aut-mei=Nobuyuki kn-aut-name=堀信行 kn-aut-sei=堀 kn-aut-mei=信行 aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Education, Okayama Univ. affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Ariake National College of Technology affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Education, Okayama Univ. affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Geaduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama Univ. affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Education, Okayama Univ. affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. Geogr., Kokushikan Univ. affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. Geogr., Tokyo Metropolitan Univ. en-keyword=Holocene kn-keyword=Holocene en-keyword=Coral Reef kn-keyword=Coral Reef en-keyword=Sedimentary Structure kn-keyword=Sedimentary Structure en-keyword=Drilling kn-keyword=Drilling en-keyword=Southwestem Japan kn-keyword=Southwestem Japan END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=5 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2004 dt-pub=20041231 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=重力異常データのカラムインバージョンから見積もったモホ不連続面の形状 kn-title=Topography of the Moho discontinuity estimated by column inversion of gravity anomaly data en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We present an inversion method, called "column inversion", to retrieve two-dimensional variation of the depth to the Moho discontinuity from Bouguer gravity anomaly data, assuming that a density jump between the lower crust and upper mantle is regionally invariant. The inversion method is applied to reveal the apatial undulation of the Moho discontinuity in the Chugoku and Shikoku districts, southwest Japan. The result shows that the Moho is deep in the land area and shallow in the sea area. The Moho is anomalously deep in the west regions of Shikoku and Chugoku districts, where the prominent negative gravity anomaly is observed. The two-dimensional variation of the Moho depth is quite similar to that determined by inversion of the first P-arrival time data. The column inversion of the Bouguer gravity anomaly data is proved to be useful for determining the fine structure of the Moho discontinuity undulation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FukunagaMariko en-aut-sei=Fukunaga en-aut-mei=Mariko kn-aut-name=福永真理子 kn-aut-sei=福永 kn-aut-mei=真理子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OdaHitoshi en-aut-sei=Oda en-aut-mei=Hitoshi kn-aut-name=小田仁 kn-aut-sei=小田 kn-aut-mei=仁 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShichiRyuichi en-aut-sei=Shichi en-aut-mei=Ryuichi kn-aut-name=志知竜一 kn-aut-sei=志知 kn-aut-mei=竜一 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Engineering, Chubu University en-keyword=Bouguer Gravity Anomaly kn-keyword=Bouguer Gravity Anomaly en-keyword=Column Inversion kn-keyword=Column Inversion en-keyword=Moho Discontinuity kn-keyword=Moho Discontinuity en-keyword=Chugoku and Shikoku Districts kn-keyword=Chugoku and Shikoku Districts END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=7 end-page=14 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2004 dt-pub=20041231 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=β-, γ-相(Mg,Fe)2SiO4の弾性率の温度変化 : 補遺 kn-title=Temperature dependence of elastic moduli of β-and γ-(Mg,Fe)2SiO4 : Supplements en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We measured the resonant frequencies for sphere specimens of the high pressure phases, β-and γ-(Mg0.91Fe0.09)2SiO4 from 298 to 470 K. The adibatic bulk modulus Ks and shear modulus μ at 298 K were determined to be Ks=165.72(6), μ=105.43(2) GPa for the β-phase, and Ks=185.1(2), μ=118.22(6) GPa for the γ-phase, respectively. The average slopes of the moduli at the measured temperature ranges were found to be ∂Ks/∂T=-0.175(3), ∂μ/∂T=-0.0159(1) GPaK-1 for the β-phase and ∂Ks/∂T=-0.193(6), ∂μ/∂T=-0.148(3) GPaK-1 for the γ-phase. The numerals in parentheses indicate probeble errors in the last place. In this technical report, we describe the observed frequencies and calcuation method to obtain elastic moduli, in details. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MayamaNorihito en-aut-sei=Mayama en-aut-mei=Norihito kn-aut-name=間山憲仁 kn-aut-sei=間山 kn-aut-mei=憲仁 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiIsao en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Isao kn-aut-name=鈴木功 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=功 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Okayama University en-keyword=Wadsleyite kn-keyword=Wadsleyite en-keyword=Ringwoodite kn-keyword=Ringwoodite en-keyword=Elastic moduli kn-keyword=Elastic moduli END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=15 end-page=22 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2004 dt-pub=20041231 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Increase Rate of fCO2 in the Eastern Equatorial Pacific Ocean kn-title=太平洋東部赤道海域における二酸化炭素分圧の増加速度 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In the Eastern Equatorial Pacific Ocean, increase rates of fCO2 in the air and the ocean were evaluated using the CDIAC data set. The fCO2 in the air was increasing about 1.28μatm/year during 1957-1995. This result is almost same as the rate at the Mauna Loa, Hawaii in Tropical Pacific Ocean. The increase rate of fCO2 in the seawater was estimated as 1.64μatm/year. In this study it is found that the increase rate of fCO2 in the seawater is the almost same as that of fCO2 in the air. This reault supports the result on the snapshot analysis of Takahashi et al. (1983) in thr North Atlantic Ocean during 1958-1982. It is smaller than the result including seasonal variation in the Eastern Subtropical Pacific Ocean. These reault indicated that the anthropogenic CO2 in the air has affected fCO2 in seawater through CO2 gas exchange between the atmosphere and the ocean. It is found that fCO2 in the seawater has increased in the Eastern Equatiorial Pacific Ocean in spite of the large CO2 source region. It suggested that CO2 source potential has not changed in this ocean durung 1957-1995. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KondoFumiyoshi en-aut-sei=Kondo en-aut-mei=Fumiyoshi kn-aut-name=近藤文義 kn-aut-sei=近藤 kn-aut-mei=文義 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsukamotoOsamu en-aut-sei=Tsukamoto en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name=塚本修 kn-aut-sei=塚本 kn-aut-mei=修 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeShuichi en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Shuichi kn-aut-name=渡邉修一 kn-aut-sei=渡邉 kn-aut-mei=修一 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部地球学科 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=海洋研究開発機構地球環境観測センター en-keyword=fCO2 kn-keyword=fCO2 en-keyword=Increase Rate kn-keyword=Increase Rate en-keyword=Eastern Equatorial Pacific Ocean kn-keyword=Eastern Equatorial Pacific Ocean en-keyword=E1 Nino kn-keyword=E1 Nino en-keyword=La Nina kn-keyword=La Nina END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=23 end-page=31 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2004 dt-pub=20041231 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Paleoceanography of the Eastern Asia from the Last Glacial Maximum to the early Holocene kn-title=東アジアにおける最終氷期最盛期から完新世初期の海洋古環境 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A series of marginal seas that are separated from the Pacific Ocean by island arcs developed in Eastern Asia. The environmental property of these marginal seas amplified under a sea-level lowstand during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). The Japan Sea was covered by low salinity water during the LGM. At the beginning of the post-glacial sea-level rise, the Oyashio Current firstly flowed into the Japan Sea throught the Tsugaru Strait. The influx of the Tsushima Current started around 10,000 yBP and become vigorously after 8,000 yBP. Meanwhile, the northward migration and influx of the Kuroshio Current into East China Sea started around 10,000 yBP and strengthened after 7,500 yBP. The route alternation of the Kuroshio Current might have contributed to the establishment of the Tsushima Current and acted as a trigger for the drastic environmental changes around the merginal seas in Eastern Asia at the time of the post-glacial sea-level rise. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KanHironobu en-aut-sei=Kan en-aut-mei=Hironobu kn-aut-name=菅浩伸 kn-aut-sei=菅 kn-aut-mei=浩伸 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Education, Okayama University en-keyword=Paleoceanography kn-keyword=Paleoceanography en-keyword=Last Glacial Maximum kn-keyword=Last Glacial Maximum END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=33 end-page=37 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2004 dt-pub=20041231 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Relative sea-level changes of the Okayama Plain Area during the Holocene, Southwest Japan kn-title=岡山平野における最終氷期最盛期以降の海水準変動 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Postglacial relative sea-level change of the Okayama Plain Area has been analyzed. Former sea-levels were recognized by using peat beds and marine organisms which are also available for 14C dating. Peat beds were rhought to be formed under a stable sea-level condition. 14C ages of the analyzed peat beds were seprated by 4 groups ; 30～18 ka BP, 11～8 ka BP, 6～4 ka BP and 3～2.5 ka BP, indicate 4 stable sea-level periods. 2 transgressive events (18～11 ka BP and 8～6 ka BP) and one regressive event (3.5?～3 ka BP) were also inferred. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SuzukiShigeyuki en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Shigeyuki kn-aut-name=鈴木茂之 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=茂之 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-keyword=sea-level change kn-keyword=sea-level change en-keyword=peat bed kn-keyword=peat bed en-keyword=Holocene kn-keyword=Holocene en-keyword=Okayama Plain kn-keyword=Okayama Plain END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=39 end-page=47 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2004 dt-pub=20041231 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Paleoenvironmental Analyses of the Buried Peat Deposit during the mid-Holocene at the Desaki Coast in Tamano City, Okayama Prefecture, Weatern Japan kn-title=岡山県玉野市出崎海岸に埋没する完新世中期の泥炭層の古環境解析 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The buried peat deposit was foud in the sand beach on the Desaki coast (Tamano City, Okayama Prefecture), the northeastern coast of Seto Inland Sea. In this study, we performed sulfur and diatom analyses of the deposit. The results were used along with 14C dates and the eruption age (7300 cal BP) of Kikai-Akahoya tephra (K-Ab) to derive sedimentary environments of the deposit. K-Ah was detected just below the peat deposit. At the culmination of the Jomon transgression, the peat deposit had been formed in brackish environments of salt marsh for about 300 years. In order to reconstruct local paleovegetation, we analyzed pollen, wood and plant fossils in the deposit. The results show vegetational transition from a deciduous broadleaved forest mainly of Ouercus subgen. Lepidobalanus to Pinus forest. In spite of the Holocene thermal optimum, the vegetation dominated by Ouercus subgen. Cyclobanopsis was not recognized at the Desaki site, as has been shown in many other regions of regions of western Japan. Ouercus sect. Prinus was replaced by Ouercus sect. Aegilops as the dominant section of Ouercus subgen. Lepidobalanus, suggesting early establishment of traditional rural vegetation of 'Satoyama' in Japan. However, no evidence for human agency has been obtained from the mid-Holocene archaeological sites around the Desaki site. Thus it is more likely that this vegetational transition resulted from the succession caused by natural forces such as ecological disturbance and climatic and/or endemic situations rather than by cultural deforestation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsushitaMariko en-aut-sei=Matsushita en-aut-mei=Mariko kn-aut-name=松下まり子 kn-aut-sei=松下 kn-aut-mei=まり子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoHiroshi en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=佐藤裕司 kn-aut-sei=佐藤 kn-aut-mei=裕司 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiShigeyuki en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Shigeyuki kn-aut-name=鈴木茂之 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=茂之 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YukumotoKoichi en-aut-sei=Yukumoto en-aut-mei=Koichi kn-aut-name=行基幸一 kn-aut-sei=行基 kn-aut-mei=幸一 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MomoharaArata en-aut-sei=Momohara en-aut-mei=Arata kn-aut-name=百原新 kn-aut-sei=百原 kn-aut-mei=新 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=UedaYayoi en-aut-sei=Ueda en-aut-mei=Yayoi kn-aut-name=植田弥生 kn-aut-sei=植田 kn-aut-mei=弥生 aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatohShigehiro en-aut-sei=Katoh en-aut-mei=Shigehiro kn-aut-name=加藤茂弘 kn-aut-sei=加藤 kn-aut-mei=茂弘 aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaedaYasuo en-aut-sei=Maeda en-aut-mei=Yasuo kn-aut-name=前田保夫 kn-aut-sei=前田 kn-aut-mei=保夫 aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Research Institute for Higher Education, Kobe University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Institute of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Hyogo affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Daiken Kogyo Co Ltd. affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Horiculture, Chiba University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Paleo Labo Co Ltd. affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Museum of Nature and Human Activities, Hyogo affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=Institute of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Hyogo en-keyword=Desaki coast kn-keyword=Desaki coast en-keyword=diatom remains kn-keyword=diatom remains en-keyword=Jomon transgression kn-keyword=Jomon transgression en-keyword=Kikai-Akahoya tephra kn-keyword=Kikai-Akahoya tephra en-keyword=mid-Holocene kn-keyword=mid-Holocene en-keyword=Paleoenvironment kn-keyword=Paleoenvironment en-keyword=peat deposit kn-keyword=peat deposit en-keyword=plant fossils kn-keyword=plant fossils END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=10 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2003 dt-pub=20031220 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Zinc Contents of Mafic Micerals in Granitic Rocks, with Special Reference to Ore Chemistry en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In order to know the reason why the Cu/Zn-Pb ratios of skarn-type deposits related with the ilmenite-series granitic rocks are markedly higher than those related with the magnetite-series, comparative mineralogical studies were carried out for the two types of granitic rocks in the Chugoku district. An attention was focused on the be-havior of Zn during the crystallization of granitic magma, because Zn contents of mafic minerals can be obtained by non-destructive electron microprobe analyses. Microscopic observation indicats that no sphalerite occurs in the magnetite-series granitic rocks, which im-plies that the magmas corresponding to the granitic rocks were undersaturated in respect to ZnS. Electron micro-probe analyses revealed that the Fe/(Fe+Mg) ratios of mafic minerals such as biotite and hornblende in the ilmen-ite-series granitic rocks are remarkably higher than those in the magnetite-series, and the Zn contents are posi-tively correlated with the Fe/(Fe+Mg) ratios in the ilmenite-series granitic rocks. Also the Zn/Fe rations seem to be slightly higher in the ilmenite-series granitic rocks. In contrast, the correlation between Zn contents and Fe/(Fe+Mg) ratios is ambiguous in magnetite-series granitic rocks. With a progress of crystallization differentiation, therefore, Zn may be removed more effectively in the il-menite-series granitic magma, and the contents may be growing scarce in the fractionated ilmenite-series granitic magma. On the other hand, magnetite-series granitic magma probably increases the Zn-contents in the advanced stage of the crystallization. The hydrothermal fluids genetically related to the fractionated magnetite-series grani-tic magma are likely to be enriched in Zn, being favorable for the formation of Zn-rich deposits. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TomiyaHisashi en-aut-sei=Tomiya en-aut-mei=Hisashi kn-aut-name=冨谷尚士 kn-aut-sei=冨谷 kn-aut-mei=尚士 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=InoueYoshinori en-aut-sei=Inoue en-aut-mei=Yoshinori kn-aut-name=井上佳紀 kn-aut-sei=井上 kn-aut-mei=佳紀 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KaseKatsuo en-aut-sei=Kase en-aut-mei=Katsuo kn-aut-name=加瀬克雄 kn-aut-sei=加瀬 kn-aut-mei=克雄 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Science, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-keyword=Magnetite-series kn-keyword=Magnetite-series en-keyword=Ilmentie-series kn-keyword=Ilmentie-series en-keyword=Granitic rocks kn-keyword=Granitic rocks en-keyword=Zn contents kn-keyword=Zn contents en-keyword=Mafic minerals kn-keyword=Mafic minerals en-keyword=Ore deposit kn-keyword=Ore deposit END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=11 end-page=14 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2003 dt-pub=20031220 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Elasticity of diopside CaMgSi(2)O(6) measured by means of the resonant sphere technique, RST en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Resonant frequencies for a single crystad diopside sphere are measured accurately and rhirteen elastic moduli are reluced by the least squares calculation, A set of mduli gives theoretical resonant frequencies close enough to the observed ones. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SuzukiIsao en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Isao kn-aut-name=鈴木功 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=功 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=InouyeYasushi en-aut-sei=Inouye en-aut-mei=Yasushi kn-aut-name=井上靖 kn-aut-sei=井上 kn-aut-mei=靖 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OdaHitoshi en-aut-sei=Oda en-aut-mei=Hitoshi kn-aut-name=小田仁 kn-aut-sei=小田 kn-aut-mei=仁 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriokaMasana en-aut-sei=Morioka en-aut-mei=Masana kn-aut-name=森岡正名 kn-aut-sei=森岡 kn-aut-mei=正名 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Science, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Science, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Science, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=The Isotope Center, University of Tokyo en-keyword=diopside kn-keyword=diopside en-keyword=single crystal kn-keyword=single crystal en-keyword=resonace kn-keyword=resonace en-keyword=sphere kn-keyword=sphere en-keyword=elasticity kn-keyword=elasticity END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=15 end-page=22 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2003 dt-pub=20031220 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Distributions and ages of the Paleogene deposits in the Kibi Plateau Area, and Paleogene paleogeography kn-title=吉備高原周辺の古第三系に関する最近の知見とその古地理学的意義 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The "Kibi Plateau" forms a unique geomorphic province with the gently-sloping and stable continental feature. Gravel deposites called the "Mountain Gravels", are distributed sporadically in the Kibi Plateau, and have been considered Pliocene deposits. However, recent fission-track ages of the tuff beds intercalated in the deposits have indicated that the ago of deposits are Paleogen in the age. So far, fission-track ages (using zircon) of 61 to 65, 55, 37, 34 to 35 and 27 Ma are obtained. Remaining the belt-like distributions of the Paleogene gravelly valley-full deposits suggest that the Kibe Plateau has been keeping as a stable block, and repeated periods of incision followed by sedimentation of valley-fill deposits are occurred in the area during Paleogene period. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TanakaHajime en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Hajime kn-aut-name=田中元 kn-aut-sei=田中 kn-aut-mei=元 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiShigeyuki en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Shigeyuki kn-aut-name=鈴木茂之 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=茂之 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HotaniShu en-aut-sei=Hotani en-aut-mei=Shu kn-aut-name=宝谷周 kn-aut-sei=宝谷 kn-aut-mei=周 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoYasuo en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Yasuo kn-aut-name=山本裕雄 kn-aut-sei=山本 kn-aut-mei=裕雄 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=DanharaTohru en-aut-sei=Danhara en-aut-mei=Tohru kn-aut-name=壇原徹 kn-aut-sei=壇原 kn-aut-mei=徹 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Fukken Co., Ltd. affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=INA Co., Ltd. affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=KANSO Co., Ltd. affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Kyoto Fission-Track Co., Ltd. en-keyword=Kibi Plateau kn-keyword=Kibi Plateau en-keyword=gravelly valley-fill deposites kn-keyword=gravelly valley-fill deposites en-keyword=fission-track ages kn-keyword=fission-track ages en-keyword=Paleogene palaeogeography kn-keyword=Paleogene palaeogeography END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=23 end-page=31 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2003 dt-pub=20031220 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Depositional environments of the Katsuta Group, eastern Tsuyama Basin, Southwest Japan kn-title=津山盆地東部に分布する中新統勝田層群の堆積環境 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The Miocene Katauta Group of the Syohoku-cho area is subdivides into 6 members ; The Uetsuki Conglomerate Member, Nara Sandy Mudstone Member, Tai Gravelly Sandstone Member, Takatori Conglomerate Member, Ayabe Mudstone Member and Maruyama Mutstone Member from bottom to top. The unconformity between Miocene deposits and basement rocks in this area was traced to obtain geometry of the Miocene basin. Contour maps of the bases of the Miocene Yoshino Formation and Takakura Formation indicate paleo-topography. The obtained topography demonstrates a valley, which flowed to north-west, and a few islands and bays. It indicates that these Miocene successuions were deposited in the topography which resemble to the present Seto Inland. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamasakiRyo en-aut-sei=Yamasaki en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name=山崎良 kn-aut-sei=山崎 kn-aut-mei=良 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiShigeyuki en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Shigeyuki kn-aut-name=鈴木茂之 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=茂之 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Kiso-jiban Consultants Co., Ltd. affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-keyword=Katsuta Group kn-keyword=Katsuta Group en-keyword=Tsuyama Basin kn-keyword=Tsuyama Basin en-keyword=Miocene kn-keyword=Miocene en-keyword=geometry of basin kn-keyword=geometry of basin en-keyword=paleoenvironmental chage kn-keyword=paleoenvironmental chage END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=33 end-page=37 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2003 dt-pub=20031220 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=A note on dental nomenclature in the Rhinocerotidae kn-title=サイの歯冠上の構造に対する用語について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The terminology for the molars of rhinoceorses is mainly derived from Osborn (1888). However, there is often confusion surrounding nomenclature of cheek teeth and the measuring point of the teeth. The nomenclature for the teeth of rhinoceroses and the controversy were reviewed. In this paper, I suggest the new nomenclatures that are composed of 24 elements for the upper cheek teeth and 12 ones for the lower ones and I also suggest the measuring points of teeth of the Rhinocerotidae. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FukuchiAkira en-aut-sei=Fukuchi en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=福地亮 kn-aut-sei=福地 kn-aut-mei=亮 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University en-keyword=teminology kn-keyword=teminology en-keyword=teeth kn-keyword=teeth en-keyword=rhinoceros kn-keyword=rhinoceros END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=9 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=8 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2002 dt-pub=20020920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Geology of high- to ultrahigh-temperature granulites from central Madurai block, southern India ; with emphasis on the evolution of Grt-Opx-Crd granulite en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The geology of Ganguvapatti area situated at the central Madurai block of southern India consisting of varous high-grade metamorphic rock types. This contribution briefly describes the geology, field occurrences and petrography of metamorphic rock from Ganguvarpatti area. Ganguvarpatti is known for its occurrence of sapphirine-bearing UHT granulites while the surrounding granulites are less studied. So in this contribution we have discussed the pressure-temperature stability and evolution of granulites surrounding UHT granulites. The pressure-temperature estimation of garnet-orthopyroxene-cordierite granulite resulted a near peak temperature condition of>950゜ C at a pressure between 9-10 kbar. These results are in good agreement with the stability field in the KFMASH petrogenetic frid. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=SaieevK kn-aut-sei=Saieev kn-aut-mei=K aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsanaiYasuhito en-aut-sei=Osanai en-aut-mei=Yasuhito kn-aut-name=小山内康人 kn-aut-sei=小山内 kn-aut-mei=康人 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate school of Natural science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学教育学部地学教室 en-keyword=Madurai block kn-keyword=Madurai block en-keyword=southrn India kn-keyword=southrn India en-keyword=UHT-granulites kn-keyword=UHT-granulites en-keyword=P-T estimation kn-keyword=P-T estimation en-keyword=multi-stage evolution kn-keyword=multi-stage evolution END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=9 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=9 end-page=18 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2002 dt-pub=20020920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Sedimentary environments of mangrove swamp in the Funaura Bay, Iriomote Island, Okinawa Prefecture, Southwest Japan kn-title=西表島船浦湾におけるマングローブ干潟の堆積環境　―堆積物と生物遺骸の保存状況について― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The distribution of conch shell contained in clastic sediments in the mangrove swamps in the Funaura Bay, Iriomote Island, Okinawa Prefecture was studied. The sediments in the mangrove swamp are mainly composed of up to 90% sands. The sand clasts are inferred to be derived from the sandstone of Miocene Yaeyama Group. The conch shells are richer in the muddy fraction than the sandy fraction. Many Terebralia palustris inhabit the mangrove swamp. However few dead shells were also observed in the sediments. Effect of selective transportation hermit crabs is considered to be the cause of this distribution. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AzumaHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Azuma en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name=東裕行 kn-aut-sei=東 kn-aut-mei=裕行 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaigusaMasayuki en-aut-sei=Saigusa en-aut-mei=Masayuki kn-aut-name=三枝誠行 kn-aut-sei=三枝 kn-aut-mei=誠行 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukudaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Fukuda en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=福田宏 kn-aut-sei=福田 kn-aut-mei=宏 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Biology, Faculity of Science, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculity of Agriculture, Okayama University en-keyword=conch shell kn-keyword=conch shell en-keyword=Mangrove swamp kn-keyword=Mangrove swamp en-keyword=Terebralia palustris kn-keyword=Terebralia palustris END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=9 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=19 end-page=24 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2002 dt-pub=20020920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Pyrite spots formed along slaty cleavage texture of pelitic rocks of the Tamba Belt, Ujitawara Town, Kyoto Prefecture, Southwest Japan. kn-title=京都府宇治田原町の丹波帯泥質岩のストレート劈開に沿って産出する黄鉄鉱スポットについて en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Pyrite spots were identified in pelitic rocks from the Ujitawara area, southernmost part of Tamba belt. XMA analysis shows that the spots are composed of pyrite. The spots occur along slaty cleavage plane and form spotted shape of diameter of about 5mm. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MikamiTeiji en-aut-sei=Mikami en-aut-mei=Teiji kn-aut-name=三上禎次 kn-aut-sei=三上 kn-aut-mei=禎次 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MusashinoMakoto en-aut-sei=Musashino en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name=武蔵野實 kn-aut-sei=武蔵 kn-aut-mei=野實 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=Suzukishigeyuki en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=shigeyuki kn-aut-name=鈴木茂之 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=茂之 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Graduate school of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Kyoto University of Education affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Graduate school of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University en-keyword=The Tamba Group kn-keyword=The Tamba Group en-keyword=Ujitawata kn-keyword=Ujitawata en-keyword=pelitic rocks kn-keyword=pelitic rocks en-keyword=pyrite spots kn-keyword=pyrite spots en-keyword=slaty cleavage kn-keyword=slaty cleavage END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=9 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=25 end-page=30 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2002 dt-pub=20020920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The slope map of the Kibi plateau kn-title=傾斜区分図と第三紀層の分布でみた吉備高原の地形発達史 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A peneplain is evident in Takahashi area from slope map presented in this paper. The map shows that older gentle valleys exist in the Kibi Plateau. Miocene marine deposits are colored on the slope map. The Miocene marine deposits mostly distribute along the older valleys. The distribution of the Paleogene gravel river deposits is not cintrolled by topography. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FujiwaraTakao en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Takao kn-aut-name=藤原貴生 kn-aut-sei=藤原 kn-aut-mei=貴生 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiShigeyuki en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Shigeyuki kn-aut-name=鈴木茂之 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=茂之 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Ryuten Astro Park affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculity of Science, Okayama University en-keyword=Kibi Plateau kn-keyword=Kibi Plateau en-keyword=slope map kn-keyword=slope map en-keyword=Miocene kn-keyword=Miocene END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=9 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=31 end-page=40 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2002 dt-pub=20020920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Meteorological and surface heat balance characteristice over different surface condidtions in arid northwest China (HEIFE area) kn-title=中国西北部乾燥地域(HEIFE領域)の様々な地表面における気象要素と熱収支特性 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Surface meteorological and heat balance were analyzed based on various surface conditions over arid region in northwest China (HEIFE area). The different surface conditions were clearly observed in summer rather than in winter. Summer data were selected from the HEIFE database. Significant evening peaks of vapor pressure were also observed in Linze oasis as well as Zhangye oasis. And the peak was accompanied by air temperature dip and relative humidity peak in the lower layer. However, the peak cannot be observed in high wind condition as the mechanical mixing reduces the vertical gradients of air temperature and humidity. The oasis can be characterized by low wind speed due to wind sheltering by plants. In winter, plant activities are reduced and surface conditions are almost similar for desert and oasis, leading to no peak of vapor pressure. Surface heat balances were also analyzed based on 4-component radiation measurement and sensible and latent heat flux measurements by eddy covariance method. Net radiation in the oasis area is about 50% larger than desert area due to the smaller upwelling radiation in oasis. Heat distribution into sensible heat and latent heat was different between oasis and desert. This unbalance of heat can lead to local circulation between oasis and desert as "desart-oasis interaction". en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YangQin en-aut-sei=Yang en-aut-mei=Qin kn-aut-name=楊勤 kn-aut-sei=楊 kn-aut-mei=勤 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsukamotoOsamu en-aut-sei=Tsukamoto en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name=塚本修 kn-aut-sei=塚本 kn-aut-mei=修 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculity of Science, Okayama University en-keyword=Vapor pressure kn-keyword=Vapor pressure en-keyword=Oasis kn-keyword=Oasis en-keyword=Desert kn-keyword=Desert en-keyword=HEIFE kn-keyword=HEIFE en-keyword=Surface heat balance kn-keyword=Surface heat balance END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=9 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=41 end-page=52 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2002 dt-pub=20020920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Fog observation in Tsuyama basin kn-title=津山盆地における霧の観測 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Tsuyama basin is the largest basin in the Chugoku District, and dense fog appears frequently in autumn/winter. The fog is considered as "radiation fog", mainly induced by radiation cooling and topographical effect as the basin, including "cold air lake". The mechanism of the fog was not studied based on field measurements. Some statistical analyses are found in the literature. So we made intensive observation of the radiation fog mainly focusing on space and time distribution for the fog appearance and disappearance. The field measurement included tethered sonde observation, mobile observation and multi-point visual observations in October, 1999 and November, 2000. According to the observation, the appearance of the fog was identified both feom visual observation and upper air sounding data. The top of the fog layer was clearly found as temperature/humidity singularities. Additionally, it is successfully confirmed the usefulness of the upward looking radiation thermometer in the fog detection. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=JokoMinoru en-aut-sei=Joko en-aut-mei=Minoru kn-aut-name=上甲実 kn-aut-sei=上甲 kn-aut-mei=実 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KiyoharaYasutomo en-aut-sei=Kiyohara en-aut-mei=Yasutomo kn-aut-name=清原康友 kn-aut-sei=清原 kn-aut-mei=康友 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsukamotoOsamu en-aut-sei=Tsukamoto en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name=塚本修 kn-aut-sei=塚本 kn-aut-mei=修 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kobe University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculity of Science, Okayama University en-keyword=Fog kn-keyword=Fog en-keyword=Radiation cooling kn-keyword=Radiation cooling en-keyword=Tsuyama Basin kn-keyword=Tsuyama Basin en-keyword=Tethered sonde obsrvation kn-keyword=Tethered sonde obsrvation END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=12 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=20010920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Miocene Ukan Formation, Ukan Area, Okayama Prefecture, Southwest Japan kn-title=有漢町に分布する中新統有漢累層 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this paper, we deal with the Miocene Ukan Formation, sporadically distributed in Ukan-cho, Okayama prefecture, from a viewpoint of analysis of lithology and molluscan assemblages. The Ukan Formation is lithostratigraphically divided into the Suzuoka Conglomerate, Yamagata Muddy Sandstone, Shimoyokomi Sandstone and Conglomerate, Azechi Sandstone and Conglomerate, Tsuneyama Siltstone Members in ascending order. The following 6 molluscan assemblages are recognized. The lower four members and the last member is correlative to the Lower Sandstone and Upper Shale Formation of the Bihoku Group, respectively judging from lithology and fauna. The temporal chages of the above mentioned molluscan assemblages represents that gradual deeping of sea during the depositional period from the Suzuoka Conglomerate and Yamagata Muddy Sandstone Members to the Azechi Sandstone and Conglomerate Member via the Shimoyokomi Sandstone and Conglomerate Member, and abrupt deeping of sea seems to have happened between the Azechi Sandstone and Conglomerate Member and the Tsuneyame Siltstone Member. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FujiwaraTakao en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Takao kn-aut-name=藤原貴生 kn-aut-sei=藤原 kn-aut-mei=貴生 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaguchiEiji en-aut-sei=Taguchi en-aut-mei=Eiji kn-aut-name=田口栄次 kn-aut-sei=田口 kn-aut-mei=栄次 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=Suzukishigeyuki en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=shigeyuki kn-aut-name=鈴木茂之 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=茂之 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Ryutenn Astro Park affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Reserach org. for Environmental Geology of Setouchi, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculity of Science, Okayama University en-keyword=Lithology kn-keyword=Lithology en-keyword=Molluscan assemblage kn-keyword=Molluscan assemblage en-keyword=Paleoenvironmental change kn-keyword=Paleoenvironmental change en-keyword=Ukan Miocene kn-keyword=Ukan Miocene END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=13 end-page=28 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=20010920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Trace of the Median Tectonic Line in Mima area, eastern Shikoku kn-title=四国東部, 美馬町地域の中央構造線 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Tracing outcrops of shear zone were used to describe the geometry and structure of the Median Tectonic Line in Mima area, eastrn Shikoku. A distinct new fault outcrop was discovered between the Mino and Ikuchi Faults at the northern slope of the Mt. Boso. These two faults are regarded as a single continuous fault. The analysis of surface fabrics of quartz in fault in fault gauge has been carried out to determine relative fault activity events. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MizuiYoshinobu en-aut-sei=Mizui en-aut-mei=Yoshinobu kn-aut-name=水井良暢 kn-aut-sei=水井 kn-aut-mei=良暢 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TachibanaToru en-aut-sei=Tachibana en-aut-mei=Toru kn-aut-name=橘徹 kn-aut-sei=橘 kn-aut-mei=徹 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=Suzukishigeyuki en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=shigeyuki kn-aut-name=鈴木茂之 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=茂之 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Nikken gijutu-sha Corp. affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Reserach Org. for Environmental Geology of Setouchi, c/o Suzuki Office, Graduate School of Natural Science, and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculity of Science, Okayama University en-keyword=surface fabrics kn-keyword=surface fabrics en-keyword=fault gauge kn-keyword=fault gauge en-keyword=Mino-Ikuchi Fault kn-keyword=Mino-Ikuchi Fault en-keyword=Median Tectonic Line kn-keyword=Median Tectonic Line END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=29 end-page=38 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=20010920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Relationship between the water quality of three main rivers and geology of Okayama Prafecture kn-title=岡山県の主要3河川の水質と地質の関係 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Concentrations of inorganic major components (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, ΣFe, AI3+, HCO3, SO4, CI-, NO3, F- and SiO2) were measured in 57 water samples from three main rivers, the Yoshii, Asahi and Takahashi Rivers and their tributaries. The water quality is discussed in relation to the geological environment in the drainage basin of three rivers. The following results were obtained from the investigation. The degree of influence of rocks on the water quality was limestone≫basic rocks>clastic rocks>andesite>rhyolite>gramite. The influence of geology is clear in the riverhead but it is obscure in the downstream. The concentration of each component increases generally from the upper stream to the lower stream but that of SiO2 only decreases in the lower stream. Kaolinite is a stable mineral as a weathering prodouct from the ion compositions of three rivers. In a rough estimation, Yoshii, Asahi and Takahashi Rivers weather 303,000t, 433,000t and 1,033,000t of the rocks respectively from their basins in a year. The syrface of their basins are scraoed off 0.06mm, 0.11mm and 0.15mm respectively in a year. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Kinoshitatakuya en-aut-sei=Kinoshita en-aut-mei=takuya kn-aut-name=木下卓也 kn-aut-sei=木下 kn-aut-mei=卓也 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsudaToshihiko en-aut-sei=Matsuda en-aut-mei=Toshihiko kn-aut-name=松田敏彦 kn-aut-sei=松田 kn-aut-mei=敏彦 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Ministry of Justice affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculity of Science, Okayama University en-keyword=Water quality kn-keyword=Water quality en-keyword=River water kn-keyword=River water en-keyword=Geology of basin kn-keyword=Geology of basin en-keyword=Yoshii River kn-keyword=Yoshii River en-keyword=Asahi River kn-keyword=Asahi River en-keyword=Takahashi River kn-keyword=Takahashi River en-keyword=Okayama Prefecture kn-keyword=Okayama Prefecture END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=39 end-page=44 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=20010920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Hydrogen and oxygen isotope rations of thermal waters of Izu Peninsula, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Hydrogen and oxygen isotope ratios of thermal waters from 42 hot springs in Izu Peninsula, Shizuoka Prefecture, range from -51.7 to -24.7% in δD and from -7.9 to -4.1% in δ18O, respectively. The isotope ratios suggest that most of the thermal waters in Izu Peninsula are essentially meteoric in origin. Significantly deviated from the normal meteoric waters are thermal waters from Yumigahama, Kumomi, and Shimogamo hot springs which may be mixtures of seawater and local meteoric waters, and thermal waters from Izusan and Imaihama whose oxygen isotope ratios may have become heavier by water-rock interaction.　 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KobyashiDaiju en-aut-sei=Kobyashi en-aut-mei=Daiju kn-aut-name=小林大樹 kn-aut-sei=小林 kn-aut-mei=大樹 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=YamamotoMasahiro kn-aut-sei=Yamamoto kn-aut-mei=Masahiro aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Okayama University en-keyword=Hydrogen isotope ratio kn-keyword=Hydrogen isotope ratio en-keyword=Oxygen isotope ratio kn-keyword=Oxygen isotope ratio en-keyword=Thermal water kn-keyword=Thermal water en-keyword=Hot spring kn-keyword=Hot spring en-keyword=Izu Peninsula kn-keyword=Izu Peninsula en-keyword=Shizuoka Prefecture kn-keyword=Shizuoka Prefecture END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=7 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=14 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2000 dt-pub=20000920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Automated observation of sea surface eddy flux on a cruising ship kn-title=船舶を用いた海面乱流フラックスの自動観測 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Sea surface eddy fluxes were evaluated with the eddy correlation method including ship motion correction for the wind vector components. Previous ship motion correction algorithm was revised as a simple scheme setting a motion sensor at the same place with the sonic anemometer. This revised eddy flux system was mounted as a routine continuous measurement system on the R/V 'Mirai' of Japan Marine Science and Technology Center. The first cruise was conducted at the tropical weatern Pacific in June 2000. Continuous sea surface fluxes were obtained and the data quality was checked with some parameters. This system is planned to be developed as a automated data processing system including ship motion correction and real-time flux evaluation system. These eddy fluxes can be integrated with the bulk fluxes and radiation fluxes to understand sea surface heat balance over the global ocean. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakahashiSatoshi en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name=高橋聡司 kn-aut-sei=高橋 kn-aut-mei=聡司 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsukamotoOsamu en-aut-sei=Tsukamoto en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name=塚本修 kn-aut-sei=塚本 kn-aut-mei=修 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshidaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Ishida en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=石田廣史 kn-aut-sei=石田 kn-aut-mei=廣史 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoneyamaKunio en-aut-sei=Yoneyama en-aut-mei=Kunio kn-aut-name=米山邦夫 kn-aut-sei=米山 kn-aut-mei=邦夫 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部地球科学科 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=神戸商船大学/地球観測フロンティア affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=海洋科学技術センター en-keyword=Sea surface fliux kn-keyword=Sea surface fliux en-keyword=Automated observation kn-keyword=Automated observation en-keyword=Eddy correlation method kn-keyword=Eddy correlation method END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=7 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=15 end-page=18 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2000 dt-pub=20000920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=S-wave velocity structure estimated from long-period coda waves en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Long-period coda waves were recorded on the vertical-component seismograms of aftershocks of the Hyogo-ken Nanbu earthquake, 1995. We identify the long-period coda waves as Rayleigh wave, because they appear after the S-arrival times and exhibit the normal dispersion that propagation velocity of the coda waves increases with an increase in period. By applying the moving window analysis to the coda waves from nine aftershocks, the group velocities are determined as a function of period within the range of 2 to 8 s. The group velocity dispersion data are inverted to investigate the S-wave velocity structure of the upper crust. The S-wave velocity structure is consistent with those obtained in previous studies using traval time analysis of bood waves. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OdaHitoshi en-aut-sei=Oda en-aut-mei=Hitoshi kn-aut-name=小田仁 kn-aut-sei=小田 kn-aut-mei=仁 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=ItoAki kn-aut-sei=Ito kn-aut-mei=Aki aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Observation Center for Prediction of Earthquakes and Volcanic Eruptions, Tohoku University en-keyword=surface wave dispersion kn-keyword=surface wave dispersion en-keyword=coda wave kn-keyword=coda wave en-keyword=S-wave velocity structure kn-keyword=S-wave velocity structure en-keyword=upper crust kn-keyword=upper crust en-keyword=Hyogo-ken kn-keyword=Hyogo-ken END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=7 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=19 end-page=20 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2000 dt-pub=20000920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Native gold from Mikawa mine, Niigata Prefecture, Japan kn-title=新潟県東蒲原郡三川村三川鉱山産の自然金 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Native gold was found at Mikawa mine, Niigata Prefecture, Japan. The mineral was associated with quartz in a druse within quartz-vein in propyrite. The crystals were formed in filiform, reticulated and dendritic shapes with about 1 mm length with 0.1 mm width and 0.05 mm thickness. Very malleable and ductile, opaque and yellow with metallic luster. Qualitative and semi-quantiative analyses were performed by the wavelength dispersive EPMA. Quantitatively, the crystals contained Au, Ag and Hg. Semi-quantitative analyses were executed with ZAF correction algorithm. The results showed that these specimens had a average chemical composition Au0.77 Ag0.11Hg0.12. This specimen was archived at our site with a collection number ESO-M01001. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamakawaJunji en-aut-sei=Yamakawa en-aut-mei=Junji kn-aut-name=山川純次 kn-aut-sei=山川 kn-aut-mei=純次 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanabeMitsuo en-aut-sei=Tanabe en-aut-mei=Mitsuo kn-aut-name=田邊満雄 kn-aut-sei=田邊 kn-aut-mei=満雄 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimadaKazumasa en-aut-sei=Shimada en-aut-mei=Kazumasa kn-aut-name=島田和昌 kn-aut-sei=島田 kn-aut-mei=和昌 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HenmiChiyoko en-aut-sei=Henmi en-aut-mei=Chiyoko kn-aut-name=逸見千代子 kn-aut-sei=逸見 kn-aut-mei=千代子 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Science, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Mineral and Fossi club affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Mineral and Fossi club affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Science, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-keyword=Native Gold kn-keyword=Native Gold en-keyword=Mikawa Mine kn-keyword=Mikawa Mine en-keyword=electrum kn-keyword=electrum en-keyword=ESO-M01001 kn-keyword=ESO-M01001 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=7 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=21 end-page=26 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2000 dt-pub=20000920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Water-soluble materials formed by the reaction between a volcanic rock and HCI and/or SO2 gases kn-title=火山岩とHCIおよびSO2ガスの反応により生成する水溶性物質 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Experiments on the reaction of a volcanic rock, dacite with HCI and /or SO2 gases have been carried out at room temperature to 800℃ for understanding of the condition of the formation of water-soluble materials on volcanic ash. HCI reacted with the dacite mainly at low temperatures (≤200℃), whereas SO2 did at high temperatures (≥400℃). It was also found that CI/SO4 ratios of water-soluble materials were very high at low temperatures, but decreased rapidly with increasing temperature. In the experiments using a mixture of HCI and SO2, the cation composition at 600℃ and 800℃ was revealed to be significantly different from that at lower temperatures, suggesting the change in the reaction process with temperature. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AkagiSeishi en-aut-sei=Akagi en-aut-mei=Seishi kn-aut-name=赤木誠司 kn-aut-sei=赤木 kn-aut-mei=誠司 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoMasahiro en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name=山本雅弘 kn-aut-sei=山本 kn-aut-mei=雅弘 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-keyword=Volcanic gas kn-keyword=Volcanic gas en-keyword=Volcanic ash kn-keyword=Volcanic ash en-keyword=Water-soluble material kn-keyword=Water-soluble material en-keyword=CI/SO4 ratio kn-keyword=CI/SO4 ratio END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=7 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=27 end-page=34 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2000 dt-pub=20000920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Chemical composition of clinopyroxenes associated with the gehlenite skarn from the Hirata outcrop, Kushiro, Tojo-Cho, Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The clinopyroxenes of the hybrid rocks from the Hirata outcrop, Kushiro, Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan are grouped into(1)diopside, (2)aegirine, and (3)zoned pyroxene. The diopside occurs as isolated crystals enclosed in feldspars. The aegirine occurs along with late hydrous minerals in pore spaces. The zoned pyroxenes occur as discrete cryatals with wide rims growing interstitially between feldspar laths and show a continuous composition-al trend from diopside through hedenbergite and aegirine-augite to aegirine or titanian aegirine. The pyroxenes enclosed in feldspars and the cores of the zoned crystals have nearly same chemical composition. The late stage pyroxenes are characterized by extreme enrichment of sodium and sometimes titanium. The titanian aegirines studied hera are characterized by the predominance of the Na(Fe2+, Mg)0.5Ti0.5Si2O6 component over other Ti-bearing pyroxene components. The compositional trend of clinopyroxenes from the Hirata hybrid rocks follows a typical trend of peralkalne rocks. The peralkaline neture of the Hirata samples is a result of compositional change of magma accompanied by the metasomatic skarn formation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HenmiChiyoko en-aut-sei=Henmi en-aut-mei=Chiyoko kn-aut-name=逸見千代子 kn-aut-sei=逸見 kn-aut-mei=千代子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KusachiIsao en-aut-sei=Kusachi en-aut-mei=Isao kn-aut-name=草地功 kn-aut-sei=草地 kn-aut-mei=功 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KagetamaTatsuya kn-aut-sei=Kagetama kn-aut-mei=Tatsuya aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, School of Education, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Shinagawa Refractories Co., Ltd. en-keyword=aegirine kn-keyword=aegirine en-keyword=aegirine-augite kn-keyword=aegirine-augite en-keyword=diopside kn-keyword=diopside en-keyword=pyroxene kn-keyword=pyroxene en-keyword=hybrid rock kn-keyword=hybrid rock en-keyword=skarn kn-keyword=skarn END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=7 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=35 end-page=40 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2000 dt-pub=20000920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Relashonships between "Mountation Gravels" and the Bizen and Tomihara Coal Measures, northern Okayama City, Southwest Japan kn-title=岡山市北部, 備前, 富原炭鉱の夾炭層と「山砂利層」との関係 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The Bizen and Tomihara Coalfields which were situated in northern Okayama City, had produced lignite during 1940s. Distribution of coal measures indicates that the coal measures are intercalated in the middle of the so-called "Mountain Gravels". The "Mountain Gravels" is subdivided into two formations ; the older, about 34～35Ma, and the younger, about 27Ma, of fission track ages. The older formation inculudes the Bizen Coal Measures. On the other hand, the Tomihara Coal Measures are intercalated in the younger formation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SuzukiShigeyuki en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Shigeyuki kn-aut-name=鈴木茂之 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=茂之 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakazawaKeiji en-aut-sei=Nakazawa en-aut-mei=Keiji kn-aut-name=中澤圭二 kn-aut-sei=中澤 kn-aut-mei=圭二 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaHajime en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Hajime kn-aut-name=田中元 kn-aut-sei=田中 kn-aut-mei=元 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Emeritus Prof. of Kyoto University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Fukken Co. en-keyword=Bizen Coal Measures kn-keyword=Bizen Coal Measures en-keyword=Tomihara Coal Measures kn-keyword=Tomihara Coal Measures en-keyword=Okayama City kn-keyword=Okayama City en-keyword=Paleogene kn-keyword=Paleogene END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=7 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=41 end-page=46 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2000 dt-pub=20000920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Tidal notch cut into the Namigata Limestone, 240m above sea level, Ibara City, Okayama Prefecture kn-title=岡山県井原市浪形の標高240mの石灰岩に残された海食地形 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The tidal notch and the sea caves which cut into the Namigata Limestone is stiuated in 240m above sea level, Ibara City. The notch assocciates the Namigata Terrace 200m to 240m high. These geomorphological features indicate an event of high sea level. However the age of the event has not been known. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FujiwaraTakao en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Takao kn-aut-name=藤原貴生 kn-aut-sei=藤原 kn-aut-mei=貴生 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiShigeyuki en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Shigeyuki kn-aut-name=鈴木茂之 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=茂之 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaedaYasuo en-aut-sei=Maeda en-aut-mei=Yasuo kn-aut-name=前田保夫 kn-aut-sei=前田 kn-aut-mei=保夫 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Ryuten Astro Park affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Institute of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Himeji Institute of Technology en-keyword=notch kn-keyword=notch en-keyword=sea cave kn-keyword=sea cave en-keyword=Namigata kn-keyword=Namigata en-keyword=Okayama Prefecture kn-keyword=Okayama Prefecture END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=7 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=47 end-page=50 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2000 dt-pub=20000920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A New Species of Lithostrotion (Siphonodendron)(Rugosa) from the Hina Limestone, Okayama Prefecture, Southwest Japan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A new rugose coral species, Lithostrotion (Siphonodendron) hinensis is described in this paper. It was collected from the Carboniferous Hina limestone in Okayama Prefecture, Southwest Japan. Judging from the paleontological data, the age indicates probably Late Viaean, Early Carboniferous. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=YamagiwaNobuo kn-aut-sei=Yamagiwa kn-aut-mei=Nobuo aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiShigeyuki en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Shigeyuki kn-aut-name=鈴木茂之 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=茂之 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=OkimuraYuji kn-aut-sei=Okimura kn-aut-mei=Yuji aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Emeritus Prof. of Osaka Kyoiku University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Emeritus Prof. of Hiroshima University en-keyword=Early Carboniferous kn-keyword=Early Carboniferous en-keyword=rugosa kn-keyword=rugosa en-keyword=Lithostrotion (Siphonodendron) kn-keyword=Lithostrotion (Siphonodendron) en-keyword=Hina Limestone kn-keyword=Hina Limestone en-keyword=Okayama kn-keyword=Okayama END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=6 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=12 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1999 dt-pub=19990920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Phlogopite and Hornblende in the Contact Metamorphosed Ultramafic Complex at Yanomine, Sangun Metamorphic Zone, Japan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Phlogopite and hornblende were found in amall amounts in the contact-metamorphosed dunite-harzburgite complex at Yanomine. Phlogopite occurs in interstices of silicate minerals in dunite and harzburgite located near the contact with granite. Some phlogopite grains also occur as inclusions in chromian spinel of chromitite bands. Hornblende is present associated with such metamorphic minerals as talc, olivine and orthopyroxene. Interstitial phlogopite is characterized by lower TiO2 and higher K/(K+Na) atomic ratio compared to that included in chromian spined. Hornblende in dunite chages its composition from edenite associated with olivine-talc through edenitic hornblende to Si-poorer magnesio-hastingsitic hornblende and magnesio-hastingsite with olivine or olivine-orhtopyroxene. The interstitial phlogopite is suggested to have been formed intimately connected with fluids generated in ralation to the intrusion of granite. On the other hand, included phlogopite is considered to have crystallized from the incompatible elements-enriched hydrous melt resulted from mantle-melt interaction. Hornblende should be a metamorphic mineral formed under high temperature conditions. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=InoueYoshinori en-aut-sei=Inoue en-aut-mei=Yoshinori kn-aut-name=井上佳紀 kn-aut-sei=井上 kn-aut-mei=佳紀 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KaseKatsuo en-aut-sei=Kase en-aut-mei=Katsuo kn-aut-name=加瀬克雄 kn-aut-sei=加瀬 kn-aut-mei=克雄 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-keyword=Phlogopite kn-keyword=Phlogopite en-keyword=Hornblende kn-keyword=Hornblende en-keyword=Ultramafic complex kn-keyword=Ultramafic complex en-keyword=Dunite kn-keyword=Dunite en-keyword=Harzburgite kn-keyword=Harzburgite en-keyword=Chromitite kn-keyword=Chromitite en-keyword=Contact metamor-phism kn-keyword=Contact metamor-phism en-keyword=Yanomine kn-keyword=Yanomine END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=6 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=13 end-page=22 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1999 dt-pub=19990920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Measurements of CO2 in air and sea over the Western Pacific-MR98-04 Cruise- kn-title=西太平洋における大気・海洋中二酸化炭素濃度の測定 ―MR98-04 次航海― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=It is well known that the ocean plays a very important role in the overall geochemical cycle of CO2. Over the ocean surface, CO2 is equilibrated between partial pressure of CO2 in the seawater (pCO2) and that in the atmosphere(PCO2). The objectives of the present observation are to evaluate the following : (1) Horizontal distribution of pCO2 and PCO2, (2) Sea surface CO2 flux and (3) Vertical distribution of pCO2. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KonoTakehiko en-aut-sei=Kono en-aut-mei=Takehiko kn-aut-name=河野雄彦 kn-aut-sei=河野 kn-aut-mei=雄彦 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamashitaEiji en-aut-sei=Yamashita en-aut-mei=Eiji kn-aut-name=山下栄次 kn-aut-sei=山下 kn-aut-mei=栄次 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NogamiTerumasa en-aut-sei=Nogami en-aut-mei=Terumasa kn-aut-name=野上晃正 kn-aut-sei=野上 kn-aut-mei=晃正 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsukamotoOsamu en-aut-sei=Tsukamoto en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name=塚本修 kn-aut-sei=塚本 kn-aut-mei=修 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山理科大学技術科学研究所環境工学部門 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山理科大学大学院工学研究科 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部地球科学科 en-keyword=Western Pacific kn-keyword=Western Pacific en-keyword=pCO2 kn-keyword=pCO2 en-keyword=PCO2 kn-keyword=PCO2 en-keyword=Horizontal distribution kn-keyword=Horizontal distribution en-keyword=CO2 flux kn-keyword=CO2 flux en-keyword=Vertical distribution kn-keyword=Vertical distribution END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=6 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=23 end-page=28 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1999 dt-pub=19990920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Peat bed of Jomon age in Desaki Beach, Tamano City, Okayama Prefecture kn-title=玉野市出崎海岸に露出した縄文時代の泥炭層 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Peat bed remains isolated in the shoreline of western beach of Desaki peninsula. Collected samples gave radiocarbon data of 5790±80 and 5810±60 years BP. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SuzukiShigeyuki en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Shigeyuki kn-aut-name=鈴木茂之 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=茂之 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YukimotoKoichi en-aut-sei=Yukimoto en-aut-mei=Koichi kn-aut-name=行基幸一 kn-aut-sei=行基 kn-aut-mei=幸一 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部地球科学科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=大建工業株式会社 en-keyword=Peat kn-keyword=Peat en-keyword=Holocene kn-keyword=Holocene en-keyword=Desaki Beach kn-keyword=Desaki Beach END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=6 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=29 end-page=38 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1999 dt-pub=19990920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Chemical and Rb-Sr isotopic features of the shock-melted chondrite Yamato-793533 kn-title=衝突溶融隕石Y-793533コンドライトの化学組成とRb-Sr系 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The Sr isotopic compositions and Rb and Sr abundances, as well as major element abundances in olivine, pyroxenes and glass, were determined for a chip and 21 fractions separated from a shock-melted chondrite Yamato-793533, a dark-colored, porous stone with glassy texture. Two lithologies were recognized for the 1.5g specimen studied (Yamato-793533, 67) ; L (Main portion) and L to LL (Dark portion) chondritic in terms of chemical compositions of olivine and pyroxenes. The chemical compositions of glass are relatively homogeneous (SiO2=67-77%) compared to those of other ordinary chondrites, suggesting a moderate cooling rate after shock-melting. The data points for fractions do not foem any isochron in a 87Rb/86Sr vs. 87Sr/86Sr diagram. However, it is noted that six out of nine points for the dark portion plot around a 1.2 Ga line, while most of points for the main portion plot around a 4.55 Ga chondrite isochron. The observed difference could be responsible for difference in melting degrees between the two portions. Similar Rb-Sr features have been found among shock-melted Yamato-79 LL-chondrites which are considered to be paired stones experienced the same shock-melting event at 1.2 Ga. Consequently, the Rb-Sr systematics as well as petrologic features strongly suggest that Yamato-793533 is a member of a series of the shock-melted Yamato-79 LL-chondrites. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkanoOsamu en-aut-sei=Okano en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name=岡野修 kn-aut-sei=岡野 kn-aut-mei=修 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatayamaHiroko en-aut-sei=Katayama en-aut-mei=Hiroko kn-aut-name=片山博子 kn-aut-sei=片山 kn-aut-mei=博子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraNoboru en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Noboru kn-aut-name=中村昇 kn-aut-sei=中村 kn-aut-mei=昇 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部地球科学科 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=神戸大学理学部地球惑星科学科 en-keyword=LL-chondrite kn-keyword=LL-chondrite en-keyword=Shock-melting kn-keyword=Shock-melting en-keyword=Sr isotope kn-keyword=Sr isotope END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=6 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=39 end-page=44 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1999 dt-pub=19990920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Hydrogen and oxygen isotope ratios of thermal waters of Okayama Prefecture, Japan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Hydrogen and oxygen isotope rations of thermal waters from 46 spas in Okayama Prefecture range from -62.6 to -29.2% in δD and from -10.0 to -4.4% in δ18O, respectively. The isotope rations indicate that all but one of the thermal water in Okayama prefecture are meteoric in origin. The Ofuku thermal water is the only exception, which is probably a mixture of seawater and meteoric water with the ratio of about 1. Sulfur isotope rations of dissolvel sulfate in the thermal waters range from -6.2 ti 59.3% in δ34S. The high δ34S values observed in some thermal waters may be due to bacterial reduction of sulfate. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=YamamotoMasahiro kn-aut-sei=Yamamoto kn-aut-mei=Masahiro aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=IchimotoHideo kn-aut-sei=Ichimoto kn-aut-mei=Hideo aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KomatsuShinji kn-aut-sei=Komatsu kn-aut-mei=Shinji aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=YamashitaRuka kn-aut-sei=Yamashita kn-aut-mei=Ruka aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Gakugeikan High School affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Gakugeikan High School affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Yamaguchi Branch, Oyo Corporation affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University en-keyword=Hydrogen isotope ratio kn-keyword=Hydrogen isotope ratio en-keyword=Oxygen isotope ratio kn-keyword=Oxygen isotope ratio en-keyword=Sulfur isotope ratio kn-keyword=Sulfur isotope ratio en-keyword=Thermal water kn-keyword=Thermal water en-keyword=Spa Okayama kn-keyword=Spa Okayama END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=5 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=12 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1998 dt-pub=19980920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Topography and deposits of terrace of Yokohama Town, Northeast Japan kn-title=横浜町に発達する段丘に地形と堆積物 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Higher, middle and Lower Terraces (Quaternary) have been distinguished in Yokohama Town, Aomori Prefecture. The Higher Terraces are subdivided into three terraces, H1,H2 and H3. They are distributed in hills. H1 and H2 deposites are composed of gravels of fan deposits. H3 deposits are composed of gravels, sands and mud of alluvial plain deposits. The Middle Terraces are subdivided into three terraces, M1, M1' and M2, and occupy almost all terraces in Yokohama Town. These deposits are composed of beach (sand with gravel) and fan (gravel) deposits. The Lower Terraces are subdivided into two terraces, L1 and L2. The L1 Terrace is distributed in limited area along coast and thought to be composed of beach deposits. The L2 Terrace is distributed in limited area along river and composed of braided stream deposits. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SuzukiShigeyuki en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Shigeyuki kn-aut-name=鈴木茂之 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=茂之 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyawakiAkiko en-aut-sei=Miyawaki en-aut-mei=Akiko kn-aut-name=宮脇明子 kn-aut-sei=宮脇 kn-aut-mei=明子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部地球科学科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil= en-keyword=terrace kn-keyword=terrace en-keyword=beach deposits kn-keyword=beach deposits en-keyword=fan deposits kn-keyword=fan deposits en-keyword=Quaternary kn-keyword=Quaternary END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=5 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=13 end-page=16 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1998 dt-pub=19980920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=(14)C ages of Quaternary deposits in Kojima Lake area, Tamano City, Okayama Prefecture kn-title=児島湾干拓地におけるボーリング試料から得られた(14)C年代測定値 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Two 14C ages are obtained from drilled core samples in Kojima Lake area. One is 7920±250 y.B.P. from peat which is just below silty clay of bay sediments (-14.30-14.61 m) The other is 24900+3450,-2450 y.B.P. from pale milky gray clay of fluvial sediments (-24.15-24.45 m). en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SasakiHajime en-aut-sei=Sasaki en-aut-mei=Hajime kn-aut-name=佐々木甫 kn-aut-sei=佐々木 kn-aut-mei=甫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiShigeyuki en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Shigeyuki kn-aut-name=鈴木茂之 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=茂之 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=㈱東建ジオテック　北関東支店 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部地球科学科 en-keyword=(14)C age kn-keyword=(14)C age en-keyword=Quaternary kn-keyword=Quaternary en-keyword=Kojima Lake area kn-keyword=Kojima Lake area END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=5 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=17 end-page=22 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1998 dt-pub=19980920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Sulfur isotope rations of sulfide minerals from the deposit of the Tsuchikura mine, Shiga Prafecture, Japan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Sulfur isotope rations of sulfide minerals in the ore specimens from the deposit of the Tsuchikura mine are distrib-uted in a range from -0.8 to 5.4%, mostly from +0.5 to 3.0%, close to the previous data (from +1 to +3%) by Miyake and Sasaki (1980). The distribution range is also similar to the major Besshi-type deposites of the Sambagawa terrain. Sulfur isotope fractionation between coexisting pyrite and chalcopyrite is not uniform. This may be largely due to spatial tearrangament of the initial orebodies to the present form. Sulfide minerals mostly pyrite from host rocks (siltsones, sandstones, basaltic rocks) exhibit remarkably low δ34S values ranging from -49.3 to -2.6%, dis-tinctly different from the δ34S values for sulfide minerals of ores. The low δ34S values may indicate the bacteriogenic origin of host rock sulfides, although it seems peculiar that basaltic rocks also have extremely low δ34S values. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamamotoMasahiro en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name=山本雅弘 kn-aut-sei=山本 kn-aut-mei=雅弘 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KaseKatsuo en-aut-sei=Kase en-aut-mei=Katsuo kn-aut-name=加瀬克雄 kn-aut-sei=加瀬 kn-aut-mei=克雄 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaradaKaori en-aut-sei=Harada en-aut-mei=Kaori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Okayama University en-keyword=Sulfur isotope ratio kn-keyword=Sulfur isotope ratio en-keyword=Besshi-type deposit kn-keyword=Besshi-type deposit en-keyword=Tsuchikura mine kn-keyword=Tsuchikura mine en-keyword=Pyrite kn-keyword=Pyrite en-keyword=Chalcopyrite kn-keyword=Chalcopyrite END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=4 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=20 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1997 dt-pub=19970920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Three-dimensional structure of P wave velocity in the crust and upper mantle beneath southwest Japan kn-title=西南日本の地殻及び上部マントルの三次元P波速度構造 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Trevel-time data of the P wave were inverted to study three-dimensional structure of the P wave velocity in the upper mantle and crust beneath the Shikoku and Chugoku districts, southwest Japan. Low-velocity and high-velocity regions were found in the upper crust of the eastrn and western regions in the Shikoku district, respectively. The activity of crustal earthquakes is high in the eastern region. Moreover a significant high-velocity region exists in the uppermost mantle, where the activity of small earthquakes is very high. A low-velocity region with velocity of 7.0km/s was found just above the descending Philippine Sea plate with high velocity of 8.0 km/s. This region is continued to oceanic crust in the vicinity of the Nankai trough and its velocity is nearly equal to the P wave velocity (6.7 km/s) of oceanic crust. Thus the low velocity is interpreted as the oceanic crust. A high-velocity region is found below the depth of 50km in the Shikoku district. This region suggests the Philippine sea plate lying horizontally from the Shikoku districts to the ocast of the Seto Inland Sea of the Chugoku district. A low-velocity zone suggesting the volcanic front is found around the depth of 50km at the coast of the Japan Sea of the Chugoku distrit. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TanakaTakashi en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name=田中猛士 kn-aut-sei=田中 kn-aut-mei=猛士 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OdaHitoshi en-aut-sei=Oda en-aut-mei=Hitoshi kn-aut-name=小田仁 kn-aut-sei=小田 kn-aut-mei=仁 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部地球学科 en-keyword=Three-dimenrsional structure kn-keyword=Three-dimenrsional structure en-keyword=P wave kn-keyword=P wave en-keyword=Crust kn-keyword=Crust en-keyword=Upper mantle kn-keyword=Upper mantle en-keyword=Philippine Sea plate kn-keyword=Philippine Sea plate END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=4 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=21 end-page=32 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1997 dt-pub=19970920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Landslide occurrence and geology of the Triassic Nariwa Group, Southwest Japan kn-title=三畳系成羽層群の地質と地すべり en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Geological and topographical study of landslides in the Triassic Nariwa Group has been carried out. Nariwa Group is mostly composed of non-marine deposites and is characterized by cycle of fining upward successions. Landslides abundantly occur in the non-marine successions. Slip surface occure in coaly mudstones that have conspicuously less strength than sandstones. Creeps immediately below slip surfaces contribute to the occurrence of landslides in the Nariwa Group. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HotaniShu en-aut-sei=Hotani en-aut-mei=Shu kn-aut-name=宝谷周 kn-aut-sei=宝谷 kn-aut-mei=周 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiShigeyuki en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Shigeyuki kn-aut-name=鈴木茂之 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=茂之 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaHajime en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Hajime kn-aut-name=田中元 kn-aut-sei=田中 kn-aut-mei=元 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamadaTakuya en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=Takuya kn-aut-name=山田琢哉 kn-aut-sei=山田 kn-aut-mei=琢哉 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院理学研究科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部地球科学科 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=複建調査設計㈱　岡山支社 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=複建調査設計㈱　岡山支社 en-keyword=Iandslide kn-keyword=Iandslide en-keyword=Nariwa Group kn-keyword=Nariwa Group en-keyword=coaly mudstone kn-keyword=coaly mudstone END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=4 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=33 end-page=40 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1997 dt-pub=19970920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Ferroglaucophane schist from the Ohsa-yama srea, Okayama Prefecture, Japan kn-title=岡山県大佐山地域に産するフェロ藍閃石片岩 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A ferroglaucophane schist occurs in fault contact with serpentinites at the Ohsa-yama area, Southwest Japan. It consists of albite, ferroglaucophane and actinolite with small amounts of stilpnomelane, sphene, apatite and K-feldspar. Petrological studies reveal that the schist was originally igneous rock of felsic or intermediate composition and has suffered two stages of metamorphism : ferroglaucophane has been formed at the first stage and actinolite at the second stage. In a basic schist from the same outcrop that the ferroglaucophane schist occurs, tremolitic amphibole instead of alkali amphibole has been formed along with chlorite, phengite and albite. Such a difference in mineral association between the schists is ascribed to a difference in whole rock composition, particu-larly in Fe/Mg ratio. Some of the schists from th Ohsa-yama area characteristically contain glaucophane or ferroglaucophane and have low Fe2O3/FeO ratios, forming a striking contrast to the crossite schists that commonly occur in the so-called "Sangun metamorphic terrane". These facts suggest that the alkali amphiboles of the Ohsa-yama schists were formed under higher P/T and more reducing conditions than those of the regional metamrphic rocks. On the other hand, development of the second-stage actinolite in the ferroglaucophane schist is consistent with the meta-morphic parageneses of greenschists from adjacent areas. Consequently the ferroglaucophane schist is considered one of the tectonic blocks that were captured by mobile serpentinites and have suffered the regional metamor-phism after the emplacement of the serpentinites into the present geologic position. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NozakaToshio en-aut-sei=Nozaka en-aut-mei=Toshio kn-aut-name=野坂俊夫 kn-aut-sei=野坂 kn-aut-mei=俊夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部地球科学科 en-keyword=ferroglaucophane kn-keyword=ferroglaucophane en-keyword=petrology kn-keyword=petrology en-keyword=tectonic block kn-keyword=tectonic block en-keyword=serpentinite kn-keyword=serpentinite en-keyword=high P/T metamorphism, kn-keyword=high P/T metamorphism, en-keyword=Ohsa-yama kn-keyword=Ohsa-yama en-keyword=Sangun metamorphic terrane kn-keyword=Sangun metamorphic terrane en-keyword=Southwest Japan kn-keyword=Southwest Japan END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=4 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=41 end-page=72 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1997 dt-pub=19970920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Structural Modification of KAISiO4 Minerals en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Kalsilite, a polymorph of KAISiO4 is an end member of nepheline-kalsilite series and the mineral was syn-thesized by hydorhermal methods. The synthetic kalsilite is hexagonal, P63, with a=5.151(5), c=8.690(8) A. The structure was refined by full-matrix least-squares methods to a R-value 0.084, using 373 observed reflections. The obtained structure agrees well with those of the natural and the alkali-exchanged specimens reported in the previous literatures. The oxygen atoms are disordered at two mirror-equivalent sites, constructing the domain structure. The average domain structure shows P63mc symmetry and the strctural relation between the two P63 structure corresponds to the twinning by merohedry. The domain structure was considered to be caused accompanied with the high-low inversion of the kalslite structure. Heating experiments of kalsilite reveal that the X-ray powder pattern changes at 865℃, and that cell dimensions vary discontinuously at this temperature. It was confirmed that kalsilite underwent a displacive transition like those observed in quartz or tridymite. The high-form is refered as 'high-kalsilite', and a possible simulate model is proposed. The structure of the high-kalsilite at 950℃ was refined byfull-matrix least-squares methods to a R-value 0.095, using 115 observed reflections. The high-kalsilite is also hexagonal, P63mc or P63/mmc, with a=5.288(1), c=8.628(5) A at 950℃. The structure almost prefectly coincides with that of the simulated model. Based on the interatomic distances, the distribution of silicon and aluminum atoms is found to be or-dered and the space group is determined to be P63mc. Kaliophilite and the related orthorhombic from, polymorphs of KAISiO4, were synthesized by dry method. The synthetic kaliophilite (kaliophilite-H2) is hexagonal with a=5.17(1), c=8.49(3) A, and the orthorhombic KAISiO4 (kaliophilite-O1) is orthormbic with a=9.01(1), b=15.60(2), c=8.53(4) A. Detailed examina-tion of the obtained powder patterns together with that of simulated model indicates that the kaliophilite-H2 has a disorderd structure of four types of the low-kalsilite. The structure was refined by the X-ray powder pattern-fitting method (Rietvelt method) to a R-value 0.121. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=OkamotoYasuhiko kn-aut-sei=Okamoto kn-aut-mei=Yasuhiko aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=The board of education of Okayama Prefecture en-keyword=kalsilite kn-keyword=kalsilite en-keyword=kaliophilite kn-keyword=kaliophilite en-keyword=faldspathoid kn-keyword=faldspathoid en-keyword=systheses kn-keyword=systheses en-keyword=crystal structre kn-keyword=crystal structre END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=4 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=73 end-page=78 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1997 dt-pub=19970920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=On the plasticity of Si-O framawork of alkali zinc silicates en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The configuration of the Si-O framework in alkali zinc silicates has been investigated on the basis of recently determined structures. The results have shown that there is a linear correlation between the ionic radii of alkali ions and the molar abundance of ZnO+SiO2 per one alkali ion in the structure. This indicates that in the case of zinc silicates, the configuration of the Si-O frameworks is largely influenced by the ionic radii of alkali ions in the structure. On the contrary, in the case of alumino-silicates, the configuration of the Si-O framework is independent of ionic radii of alkali ions. In the former, the Si-O framework is considered to be plastic, while in the latter, it could be called rigid. The latter extreme cases are those of zeolites. In this case, the configuration on frameworks is not entirely influenced by the ionic radii of alkali atoms present. These results are discussed in connection with the historical investigations of silicate structures. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KoharaShizuo en-aut-sei=Kohara en-aut-mei=Shizuo kn-aut-name=香原静雄 kn-aut-sei=香原 kn-aut-mei=静雄 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawaharaAkira en-aut-sei=Kawahara en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=河原昭 kn-aut-sei=河原 kn-aut-mei=昭 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-keyword=silicate kn-keyword=silicate en-keyword=zinc silicate kn-keyword=zinc silicate en-keyword=alumino-silicate kn-keyword=alumino-silicate en-keyword=framework kn-keyword=framework en-keyword=ionic radii kn-keyword=ionic radii en-keyword=framework configu-ration kn-keyword=framework configu-ration END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=4 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=79 end-page=96 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1997 dt-pub=19970920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Trial calculation of relating the equilibrium state of minerals to the descriptive mineralogy en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Statistical calculation have been carried out on the volumes of the asymmetric unit of minerals. This treatment is related to the origin of the symmetry and periodicity of the crystals, and to the equilibrium conditions of these crystals. From the view point of the cohesion energy, if the crystals were grown under the condition of nearly perfect equilibrium states, than all the volumes of the asymmetric unit of each crystal structure will be approximately equal, and if the volume of the asymmetric units of a certain mineral is larger than the average value, this mineral is considered to be grown in a metastable condition. The calculation of the cell dimensions of minerals have been carried out by the use of deta from previous investigations. The statistical consideration of the volumes of the asymmetric unit of minerals is considered to be an appropriate criterion to relate the stability of minerals to their descriptive mineralogy. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KawaharaAkira en-aut-sei=Kawahara en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=河原昭 kn-aut-sei=河原 kn-aut-mei=昭 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-keyword=geneses of symmetry kn-keyword=geneses of symmetry en-keyword=symmetry kn-keyword=symmetry en-keyword=periododicity kn-keyword=periododicity en-keyword=equilibrium kn-keyword=equilibrium END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=3 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=16 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1996 dt-pub=19960920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Provenance of Lower Cretaceous sediments in the Nariwa and Hokubo areas, Okayama Prefecture, deduced from detrital modes and geochemistry of sandstones en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Petrographic and geochemical study of sandstones from the Kenseki Formation have shown that the sandstones are compositionally immature. The immaturity is reflected geochemically by their low SiO2 contents (52-66 wt%) and petrographically by low modal percents of quartz and K-feldspar, and high modal percents of plagioclase and volcanic lithic fragmants. The Kensaki sandstones are, however, poor in Na2O (up to 2.1 wt%). Both petrography and geochemistry suggest a heterogeneous source lithologies of acidic and basic volcanics, sedimentary, and ultramafic rocks. Petrographic evidence is supplied by quartz and plagioclase of volcanic origin, acidic volcanic fragments, basic volcanic fragments, volcanic glass, serpentinite fragments and detrital spinel grains. Geochemical evidence is provided by high FeO* (total iron as FeO), MgO, TiO2, CaO and K2O contents. Petrographic and geochemical study of the Kenseki sandstones indicate calc-alkaline oceanic island are provenance. The sediments were locally derived, with Alpine-type ultramafic rocks exposed in the north and volcanic materials of the Akiyoshi Belt supplying the bulk of the detritus. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=Daniel K.Asiedu kn-aut-sei=Daniel K. kn-aut-mei=Asiedu aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiShigeyuki en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Shigeyuki kn-aut-name=鈴木茂之 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=茂之 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShibataTsugio en-aut-sei=Shibata en-aut-mei=Tsugio kn-aut-name=柴田次夫 kn-aut-sei=柴田 kn-aut-mei=次夫 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-keyword=Kenseki Formation kn-keyword=Kenseki Formation en-keyword=modal analyses kn-keyword=modal analyses en-keyword=provenance kn-keyword=provenance END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=3 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=17 end-page=24 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1996 dt-pub=19960920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Paleogene talus deposits, Okayama City, Southwest Japan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In eastern Chugoku area, Paleogene deposits have not been recognized until fission-track dating of so called "Mountain Gravels" was carried out (Suzuki et al. 1995). Two sedimentation events in Paleogene time (27Ma and 34-35Ma) are inferred by the F-T dating Major lithology of the Paleogene deposits in the study area is graved which is mainly composed of subrounded to rounded cobbles. The "Mountain Gravels" were previously thought to be lower Quaternary deposits. The "Mountain Gravels" is associsted with coal bearing mud, sand, gravel and breccia deposits. The breccia deposits is distributed sporadically between the "Mountain Gravels" and basement rocks. The deposits are mainly composed of poorly sorted breccia and associated granitic sands. It is inferred that the breccia deposits are talus deposits. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SuzukiShigeyuki en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Shigeyuki kn-aut-name=鈴木茂之 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=茂之 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-keyword=Paleogene kn-keyword=Paleogene en-keyword=breccia kn-keyword=breccia en-keyword=talus deposits kn-keyword=talus deposits en-keyword=fission-track dating kn-keyword=fission-track dating END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=3 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=25 end-page=32 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1996 dt-pub=19960920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Thermal Expansion of Forsterite, Mg2SiO4 : 1. Measurements en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Thermal expansion of forsterite, Mg2SiO4, is measured up to 1,600 K by the dilatometric method. The present results of volume thermal expansion Yv is 3.20 percent from 300 to 1,200 K and expansion coefficient αv is 40.5 × 10-6 K-1 at 1,200 K. They are close to those of a natural olivine (Suzuki, 1976), but are 4.4 and 11 percent smaller as compared with those reported in the former paper (Suzuki et al., 1984). The Yv and αv of forsterite are 5.00 percent and 46.7 × 10-6 K-1 respectively, at 1,600 K. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KajiyoshiKoji en-aut-sei=Kajiyoshi en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name=梶芳浩二 kn-aut-sei=梶芳 kn-aut-mei=浩二 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiIsao en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Isao kn-aut-name=鈴木功 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=功 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Okayama University en-keyword=forsterite kn-keyword=forsterite en-keyword=olivine kn-keyword=olivine en-keyword=thermal expansion kn-keyword=thermal expansion en-keyword=high temperature kn-keyword=high temperature END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=3 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=33 end-page=42 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1996 dt-pub=19960920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Inversion of normal mode frequencies for estimation of lateral heterogeneity of the earth's elasticity atructure: A numerical test kn-title=固有周波数のインバージョンによる地球内部構造の不均質性の推定 　―数値実験― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=An investigation was made on effect of lateral heterogenity of the earth's elasticity structure on the normal mode frequencies. The lateral heterogeneity is expressed by an expansion of spherical harmonic functions, Pιm(cosθ)sinmΦ and Pιm(cosθ)cosmΦ, up to the second order harmonics (ι≤2). Free oscillation freguencies of the heterogeneous earth were computed by the xyz algorithm. Further we derived an analytic expression of partial derivatives of eigenfrequency with respect to the expansion coefficients, and performed a numerical test to verify whether or not it is possible to estimate the heterogeneity of the earth's structure by the inversion of noemal mode frequencies. When the earth is assumed to be elastically isotropic spheroid with short polar and long equatorial radii, frequency spectra affected by longitudinal heterogeneity terms, Pιm(cosθ)(sinmΦ, cosmΦ) (m≠ 0), for given values of ι and m coincide with each other, because these two terms describe the same heterogeneity when the earth is rotated by π/2m around rotation axis. In such a case, we cannot determine accurately the expansion coefficients of tha two heterogeneity terms by inversion of normal mode frequencies, whereas the coefficients of the latitudinal heterogeneity Pι0(cosθ) can be precisely determined. Therefore it is difficult to estimate of lateral heterogeneity of the earth's elasticity structure by the inversion of normal mode frequencies. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OnishiSeiji en-aut-sei=Onishi en-aut-mei=Seiji kn-aut-name=大西星司 kn-aut-sei=大西 kn-aut-mei=星司 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OdaHitoshi en-aut-sei=Oda en-aut-mei=Hitoshi kn-aut-name=小田仁 kn-aut-sei=小田 kn-aut-mei=仁 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院理学研究科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部地球科学科 en-keyword=Normal Mode kn-keyword=Normal Mode en-keyword=Inversion kn-keyword=Inversion en-keyword=Earth's Structure kn-keyword=Earth's Structure en-keyword=Lateral Heterogeneity kn-keyword=Lateral Heterogeneity END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=3 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=43 end-page=46 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1996 dt-pub=19960920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Sulfur isotope ratios of some Roseki deposits in the Inner Zone of Southwest Japan kn-title=西南日本内帯のろう石鉱床の硫黄同位体比 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Sulfur isotope ratios of pyrite and alunite from 5 Roseki deposits in the Inner Zone of Southwest Japan were determined. The δ34S values of all pyrite samples were in the range from -13.2 to +2.3%, the variation range for each deposit being within 8%. In each deposit δ34S values of alunite were always higher than those of pyrite, which may be interpreted as that alunite was precipirated under more oxidizing conditions than pyrite. Sulfur isotope rations of the Roseki pyrite showed a distribution similar to that of ore sulfur from skarn and vein deposits in the same Zone. This suggests that the origin of sulfur of the Roseki deposits is also host igneous rocks. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamamotoMasahiro en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name=山本雅弘 kn-aut-sei=山本 kn-aut-mei=雅弘 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsudaToshihiko en-aut-sei=Matsuda en-aut-mei=Toshihiko kn-aut-name=松田敏彦 kn-aut-sei=松田 kn-aut-mei=敏彦 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakagawaRaiki en-aut-sei=Nakagawa en-aut-mei=Raiki kn-aut-name=中川頼記 kn-aut-sei=中川 kn-aut-mei=頼記 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部地球科学科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部地球科学科 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=株式会社ヨータイ en-keyword=sulfur isotope ratio kn-keyword=sulfur isotope ratio en-keyword=Roseki deposit kn-keyword=Roseki deposit en-keyword=pyrite kn-keyword=pyrite en-keyword=alunite kn-keyword=alunite END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=3 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=47 end-page=56 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1996 dt-pub=19960920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Ca-bearing Rectorite Mineral from Roseki Deposits, Japan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Several specimens of rectorite-type regularly interstratified mineral (including Ca-rich one of hydrother-mal origin) from roseki deposits together with a few rectorites were examined by chemical analysis, X-ray diffraction and IR spectroscopy. These specimens are rich in SiO2, AI2O3 and H2O in addition to considerable amounts of CaO, Na2O and K2O. The Ca content in mica-like layers ranges from a slight amount to exceeding 50% of the total interlayer population. For the Ca-bearing specimens, AI-for-Si substitution in the tetrahedral sheets of mica-like layers increases in proportion to the Ca contents. Characteristic absorption bands of 950-900 cm-1 and 700-670 cm-1 are observed in IR spectra. The bands are due to AI-for-Si substitution in the tetrahedral sheets. Judging from the chemical analysis and IR spectra, the component of mica-like layer rich in Ca is not that of mica but mainly that od margarite (brittle mica). Expansion characteristics of the Ca-rich mineral are similar to rectorite and expandable layer is close to beidellite. The mineral is somewhat less expandable than rectorite under the condition of RH70-80% (Na-saturation) and EG treatment (K-saturation). The rectorite-type Ca-rich mineral reported here is simlar to rectorite in its expansion characteristics, but the component of mica-like layers is different from that of rectorite. Mica-like layer of the mineral must be mainly composed of margarite-like layer. The mineral is mainly composed of a 1 : 1 regular interstratification of dioctahedral britlle mica (margarite) and smectite (beidellite). The mineral does not strictly correspond to rectorite, defined as a 1 : 1 interstratified mineral of dioctahedral mica and smectite. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsudaToshihiko en-aut-sei=Matsuda en-aut-mei=Toshihiko kn-aut-name=松田敏彦 kn-aut-sei=松田 kn-aut-mei=敏彦 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KurosakiMakoto en-aut-sei=Kurosaki en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name=黒崎誠 kn-aut-sei=黒崎 kn-aut-mei=誠 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=LABO Japanese Language Institute en-keyword=rectorite kn-keyword=rectorite en-keyword=brittle mica/smectite kn-keyword=brittle mica/smectite en-keyword=margarite kn-keyword=margarite en-keyword=regular interstrarification kn-keyword=regular interstrarification END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=3 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=57 end-page=64 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1996 dt-pub=19960920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Interpretation of the Crystad Structure of Synthetic Kaliophilite from the Domain Structure of Kalsilite en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The syntheses of kaliophilite have been carried out from the starting materials of near kalsilite compotions (KAISiO4), of which the AI2O3/SiO2 ratio is greater than 1/2. The X-ray powder deffraction pattern fit well to those of previous investigators. The crystal structure of synthetic kaliophilite was proposed by using the model consisting of four different types of kalsilite structure. The positions and intensities of the X-ray powder pattern were able to be explained on the basis of these four domains, belonging to thr twinning by merohedory. As a result of the conditions of the syntheses, it may be supposed that the violation of the AI-O-AI avoidanice rule can possibly exist along the domain boundaries. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=OkamotoYasuhiko kn-aut-sei=Okamoto kn-aut-mei=Yasuhiko aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawaharaAkira en-aut-sei=Kawahara en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=河原昭 kn-aut-sei=河原 kn-aut-mei=昭 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Prefectural Educational Center affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-keyword=kaliophilite kn-keyword=kaliophilite en-keyword=kalsilite kn-keyword=kalsilite en-keyword=synthese kn-keyword=synthese en-keyword=domain boundary kn-keyword=domain boundary END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=3 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=65 end-page=70 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1996 dt-pub=19960920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=A microcomputer-controlled gradual cooling system for hydrothermal reactors kn-title=マイコンを使用した水熱合成炉徐冷制御装置の作成 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A used 8 bit microcomputer is applied for an instrument of controlling the heating temperatures of hydrothermal reactor furnaces. The temperatures were changed into appropriate values of voltage by thermocouples and additional devices. The interface board, programmable peripheral interface LSI and some IC's for addres decording are assembled into a complte unti. The device is useful for the inexpensive way of the construction of the accurate temperature control system. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamakawaJunji en-aut-sei=Yamakawa en-aut-mei=Junji kn-aut-name=山川純次 kn-aut-sei=山川 kn-aut-mei=純次 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawaharaAkira en-aut-sei=Kawahara en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=河原昭 kn-aut-sei=河原 kn-aut-mei=昭 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部地球科学科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部地球科学科 en-keyword=hydrothermal synthesis kn-keyword=hydrothermal synthesis en-keyword=cooling system kn-keyword=cooling system en-keyword=personal computer kn-keyword=personal computer END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=2 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=12 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19950920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Mineral paragenesis in thermally metamorphosed serpentinites, Ohsa-yama, Okayama Prefecture en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The Ohsa-yama ultramafic body, which consists of several types of serpentinized peridotites, underwent contact metamorphism caused by a Cretaceous granite intrusion ; this metamorphism resulted in the formation of contact aureole, 1.5-2.0 km wide, around the granite intrusion, and produced progressive mineral changes in metaserpentinites toward the contact between the Ohsa-yama body and the granite intrusion. On the basis of analysis of mineral paragenetic relations, the Ohsa-yama ultramafic body can be divided into three zones with progressive changes in mineral assemblages as follows : Zone Ⅰ : serpentine ± chlorite ± brucite Zone Ⅱ : olivine + talc ± tremolite ± chlorite Zone Ⅲ : olivine + orthopyroxene ± tremolite ± spinel Zone Ⅰ corresponds to the parts unaffected by the thermal event, and Zones Ⅱ and Ⅲ correspond to the thermally metamorphosed parts of the Ohsa-yama body. The results obtained in this study are generally consistent with those of the previous studies on metamorphic peridotites from the Sangun and Muzuru zones. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NozakaToshio en-aut-sei=Nozaka en-aut-mei=Toshio kn-aut-name=野坂俊夫 kn-aut-sei=野坂 kn-aut-mei=俊夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShibataTsugio en-aut-sei=Shibata en-aut-mei=Tsugio kn-aut-name=柴田次夫 kn-aut-sei=柴田 kn-aut-mei=次夫 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science Okayama University en-keyword=peridotite kn-keyword=peridotite en-keyword=serpentinite kn-keyword=serpentinite en-keyword=thermal metamorphism kn-keyword=thermal metamorphism en-keyword=contact metamorphism kn-keyword=contact metamorphism END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=2 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=13 end-page=22 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19950920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Application of the remotely operated TV vehicle to make geological maps of the Seto Inland Sea kn-title=水中テレビロボットによる瀬戸内海での海底地質調査 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Submarine geological survey using the remotely operated TV vehicle (RV100), was carried out in 4 offshores of the Seto Inland Sea in Kagawa Prefecture. The study areas are west of Kosei Island of Sakaide City, south of Okado-bana of Nankai Town, west of Misaki of Takuma Town and north of Nou-Misaki of Sakaide City. TV vehicle transmite clear pictures of bottom of the sea to the monitor on board. The submarine geology of the study areas are composed of Cretaceous granitic basements and Quaternary sedimentary covers. By using these pictures Recent and Pleistocene deposits could be distinguished and lithology of sediments could also be identified. Lithology of sediments was however difficult to identify using the usual sonic prospecting method. Furthermore, pictures suggesting that ripples are just forming have been obtained. The TV vehicle is convenient in submarine survry, because it can travel much longeer and deeper than human diver. A new method of mapping submarine geology using TV vehicle was developed. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SuzukiShigeyuki en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Shigeyuki kn-aut-name=鈴木茂之 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=茂之 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=InadaTakashi en-aut-sei=Inada en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name=稲田孝司 kn-aut-sei=稲田 kn-aut-mei=孝司 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部地球科学科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学文学部史学科 en-keyword=Submarine geology kn-keyword=Submarine geology en-keyword=the Seto Inland Sea kn-keyword=the Seto Inland Sea en-keyword=remotely operated TV vehicle kn-keyword=remotely operated TV vehicle END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=2 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=23 end-page=54 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19950920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=A suggestion on the origin of biotite gneisses of the Ryoke belt in the Seto Inland Sea (Seto-nai-kai) region : Some biotite gneisses were derived from a different geologic unit to the Kuga froup kn-title=瀬戸内海地域領家帯の黒雲母片麻岩の起源に関する1つの提案 : 玖珂層群とは別の地質単元から由来した黒雲母片麻岩がある en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The Kuga group is a Jurassic accretional complex that has been believed by many workers to be a unique geologic unit transformed into the Ryoke gneisses in the Seto Inland Sea region. I will now suggest the presence of a different geologic unti in addition to the Kuga group. Most of the biotite gneisses found at the Iwakuni-Yanai area are probably derived from rocks of the Kuga group, but the rest biotite gneisses that occur in the Murotu Peninsula, the Yashiro-jima, the E-no-shima, and the other several islands in the Seto Inland Sea region were derived from a un-known and a different geologic unit to the Kuga froup. Some pieces of evidence proving the distinct origin of the latter biotite gneisses are: (1) the biotite gneisses commonly occur as small to large fusiform bodies generally enclosed in the older Ryoke granite or as large masses contacting only with the older Ryoke granite; (2) tight folds with parallel axial surfaces are very common, and dupli-cated fold systems are found in many localities; (3) microtextures of some minerals, e.g. garnet and K-feldspar, often suggest a plural metamorphic history of the gneisses (Nuraki et al., 1982a; Miyashita % Komatsu,1993); and (4) the sillimanite zone (Ikeda,1991 : Okudaira et al.,1993) is only a metamorphic zone that can be found. The sillimanite zone is interpreted to be excluded from the progressive metamorphism in the Iwakauni-Yanai area (Wallits et al.,1992). Biotite gneisses of the sillimanite zone are found here and there and show no zonal arrangement of distribu-tion in the Ryoke belt. The estimated metamorphic temperature and pressures for the biotite gneisses of the silliman-ite zone are 530-710℃ and 2-4kb respectively, both of which are lower than of the peak metamorphism, estimated as 550-820℃ and 5-6kb, at the Iwakuni- Yanai area. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NurekiTerukazu en-aut-sei=Nureki en-aut-mei=Terukazu kn-aut-name=濡木輝一 kn-aut-sei=濡木 kn-aut-mei=輝一 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=元岡山大学理学部地学教室 en-keyword=Kuga group kn-keyword=Kuga group en-keyword=Ryoke belt kn-keyword=Ryoke belt en-keyword=biotie gneisses kn-keyword=biotie gneisses en-keyword=Sillimanite Zone kn-keyword=Sillimanite Zone en-keyword=Iwakuni-Yanai area kn-keyword=Iwakuni-Yanai area END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=2 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=55 end-page=62 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19950920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Water-soluble materials on volcanic ash from the 1990-94 eruption of the Unzenn volcano kn-title=雲仙火山1990～94年の火山活動に伴う火山灰水溶性物質 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Water-soluble materials on volcanic ash from the Unzen volcano collected from February, 1991 to July, 1994 were chemically analyzed. They were similar in chemical characteristics to those obtained from other volcanoes. Chemical compositions varied even for materials from the same pyroclastic flow. C1 contens increased with increasing residence time of volcanic ash in air, but SO4 contents were almost fixed. It therefore seems that the reaction of volcanic ash with HC1 proceeds even at low temperatures, whereas the reaction with SO2 takes place only at high temperatutes. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AkagiSeishi en-aut-sei=Akagi en-aut-mei=Seishi kn-aut-name=赤木誠司 kn-aut-sei=赤木 kn-aut-mei=誠司 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoMasahiro en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name=山本雅弘 kn-aut-sei=山本 kn-aut-mei=雅弘 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部地球科学科 en-keyword=volcanic ash kn-keyword=volcanic ash en-keyword=volcanic gas kn-keyword=volcanic gas en-keyword=Unzen volcano kn-keyword=Unzen volcano en-keyword=C1/SO4 ratio kn-keyword=C1/SO4 ratio en-keyword=water-soluble kn-keyword=water-soluble en-keyword=material kn-keyword=material END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=2 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=63 end-page=70 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19950920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=solubility and polymerization of silica in salt solutions kn-title=塩溶液中の溶解性シリカの平衡濃度と重合速度について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The solubility of amorphous silica was determined in sodium chloride,potassium chloride, magnesium chloride and calium chloride solutions from 0.01 to 1moI/I and at temperatures of 21,36,50 and 65℃. The Setchenow equation was applied to the results, which enabled us to estimate the equilibrium concentration of "dissoloved silica" (molybdate-reactive silica) in the studied chloride solutions. Next, the effects of pH, supersaturation of silica and salt concentration on the polymerization rate of silica were investigated at 35℃. In the pH range from 6.4 to 7.9, the maximum polymerization rate increased with increasing pH. The maxima occurred when dissoloved silica decreased by 25% of the initial supersaturation concentrations irrespective of pH. The polymerization rate was found to be dependent on the supersaturation degree rather than on the supersaturation concentration of silica. The results in magnesium chloride solutions suggest that magnesium ions may act as nuclei in the formation of colloidal silica in geothermal waters. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SugitaHajime en-aut-sei=Sugita en-aut-mei=Hajime kn-aut-name=杉田創 kn-aut-sei=杉田 kn-aut-mei=創 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoMasahiro en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name=山本雅弘 kn-aut-sei=山本 kn-aut-mei=雅弘 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemical Engineering, Nagoya University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Okyamaa University en-keyword=amorphous silica kn-keyword=amorphous silica en-keyword=solubility kn-keyword=solubility en-keyword=polymerization kn-keyword=polymerization END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=2 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=71 end-page=80 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19950920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Occurrence and composition of manganese oxide minerals from the Nauta manganese deposit, Western Ghana en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=X-ray diffraction, ore microscopy, and electron microprobe studies have been done on ore samples obtained from the mine site at Nsuta, Ghana. Manganese ore minerals identified include nsutite, cryptomelane, pyrolusite, and lithiophorite. Except for pyrolusite, all these minerals are poorly crystalline. Chemical compositions of the minerals indicate little contamination by other elements. Quartz, muscovite, and clay minerals feature prominently as gangue in most samples. Textures are varied, and modes of occurrence are prinicipally by replacements, cavity or fracture fills, leaching and precipitaion. Mineral associations seem rather complex, as a result of which definitive paragenetic relations could not be established. Supergene formation of the manganese oxide ore is shown by the abundance of manganese minerals in solution channels such as fractures and cavities within silicate gangue. Much of the ore, howver, appears to have been enriched by leaching of gangue minerals and the later addution of manganese. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Frank kNyame en-aut-sei=Frank k en-aut-mei=Nyame kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KaseKatsuo en-aut-sei=Kase en-aut-mei=Katsuo kn-aut-name=加瀬克雄 kn-aut-sei=加瀬 kn-aut-mei=克雄 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoMasahiro en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name=山本雅弘 kn-aut-sei=山本 kn-aut-mei=雅弘 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science Okyamaa University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science Okyamaa University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science Okyamaa University en-keyword=Nsuta kn-keyword=Nsuta en-keyword=nsutite kn-keyword=nsutite en-keyword=cryptomelane kn-keyword=cryptomelane en-keyword=pyrolusite kn-keyword=pyrolusite en-keyword=lithiophorite kn-keyword=lithiophorite END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=2 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=81 end-page=90 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19950920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A geochemical study of the Ashanti gold deposit at Obuasi, Ghana en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The Ashanti gold deposit at Obuasi occurs in the Early Proterozoic Birimian formation. The orebodies consist of gold-sulphides disseminated in metasediments and metavolcanics, and gold-bearing quartz veins. Gold occurs mainly as native gold normally with arsenopyrite, pyrrhotite and pyrite in the metasediments and metavolcanics. In the quartz veins, however, it is associated with tetrahedrite and sphalerite. Microprobe analysis of gold grains gave an Ag content of about 8 wt.%. Textural relationships among the various mineral associations suggest that pyrrhotite, pyrite, arse-nopyrite and possibly gold may have been formed esrlier in the paragenetic sequence. The precipitation of some amounts of gold may have occurred during the later stages of the mineralisation sequence. Average arsenopyrite composition determined from electron microprobe study is: Fe: 33.6 ± 0.5 at.%, As: 29.3 ± 1.2 at.%, S: 37.1 ± 1.1 at.%, This suggests an average temperature of formation of less than 300℃ for the sulphides and possibly the gold assuming equilibrium was attained between pyrite, pyrrhotite and arsenpopyrite. The δ34S values for sulphide mineral separates are in the range between -4.1 and -10.8%. The values were, however, constrained between -4.1 and -7.0%. The narrow range and the depleted nature of the δ34S values may suggest a sedimentary sourcc of sulphur which may have undergone high temperature homegenisation before deposition. Sulphides from quartz vein samples had the most depleted δ34S values. This may indicate a different mineralisation history of the sulohides in the quartz veins from those dissemi-nated in metasediments and metavolcanics. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OsaeShiloh en-aut-sei=Osae en-aut-mei=Shiloh kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KaseKatsuo en-aut-sei=Kase en-aut-mei=Katsuo kn-aut-name=加瀬克雄 kn-aut-sei=加瀬 kn-aut-mei=克雄 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoMasahiro en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name=山本雅弘 kn-aut-sei=山本 kn-aut-mei=雅弘 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science Okyamaa University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science Okyamaa University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science Okyamaa University en-keyword=Birimian kn-keyword=Birimian en-keyword=Ashanti kn-keyword=Ashanti en-keyword=gold kn-keyword=gold en-keyword=arsenopyrite kn-keyword=arsenopyrite END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=2 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=91 end-page=102 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19950920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Rb-Sr age of K-rich LL-chondrite Yamato-74442 kn-title=Yamato-74442 LLコンドライトにおけるアルカリ分別年代 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Yamato-74442, a brecciated LL-group chondrite, consists of fragments with igeous texture, chondrules, mineral fragments, and host. The fragments involve K-rich fragments as well as normal ones. Typically, both fragments consist mainly of euhedral porphyritic olivines and a few orthopyroxenes in a glassy grundmass. EPMA analyses for these fragments indicate that olivines and orthoptroxenes have a range of Fe/(Fe+Mg) ratio of 27.19～31.33 and 20.10～26.91 mol%, respectively. There is no significant difference in these rations between K-rich (Na2O/K2O<1) and normal framents. The K2O contents of groundmass for K-rich fragments range from 0.51 to 4.89 wt% and that of the normal fragments is 0.38～090 wt%. K2O contents of groundmass vary from fragment to fragment but are rather homegeneous in a single fragment. Rb-Sr isotopic determination on eighteen K-rich fragments (1.5 to 9.5mg in weight) gave an internal isochron age of 4.514±0.022 (2σ) Ga (λ87Rb=1.42×10-11y-1) and initial 87Sr/86Sr ratio of 0.7016±0.0024. This age is somewhat old compared with a whole rock isochron age of LL chondrites (4.493±0.18 Ga; Minster and Allegre, 1981). From a comoarison of the present result with others so far reported, it is inferred that the alkali differentiation as observed in Yamato-74442 probably occurred prior to or during a process of accumulation from LL chondrite parent material in the early solar nebula.　 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NishiyaNanayo en-aut-sei=Nishiya en-aut-mei=Nanayo kn-aut-name=西谷七代 kn-aut-sei=西谷 kn-aut-mei=七代 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkanoOsamu en-aut-sei=Okano en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name=岡野修 kn-aut-sei=岡野 kn-aut-mei=修 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KagamiHiroo en-aut-sei=Kagami en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=加々美寛雄 kn-aut-sei=加々美 kn-aut-mei=寛雄 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraNoboru en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Noboru kn-aut-name=中村昇 kn-aut-sei=中村 kn-aut-mei=昇 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部地球科学科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学自然科学研究科 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学地球内部研究センター affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=神戸大学理学部地球科学科 en-keyword=LL-chondrite kn-keyword=LL-chondrite en-keyword=Rb-Sr age kn-keyword=Rb-Sr age en-keyword=Sr isotope kn-keyword=Sr isotope en-keyword=K-rich fragment kn-keyword=K-rich fragment END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=2 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=103 end-page=108 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19950920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=System for monitoring the vacuum of X-ray generators (Available use of 8 bit personal computer) 　 kn-title=X線発生装置真空度監視システムの試作 （8ビットパソコンの有効利用) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=An used 8 bit personal computer is utilized for an instrument for continuous monitoring of the vacuum valuses of X-ray genrators. The interface board, programmable peripheral interfacial LSI, 8255A and some IC's for address decoding are assembled into a completed unti. The concept of the construction of this interface unti is profitable for the inexpensive layout of experimental laboratories. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamakawaJunji en-aut-sei=Yamakawa en-aut-mei=Junji kn-aut-name=山川純次 kn-aut-sei=山川 kn-aut-mei=純次 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawaharaAkira en-aut-sei=Kawahara en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=河原昭 kn-aut-sei=河原 kn-aut-mei=昭 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部地球科学科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部地球科学科 en-keyword=X-ray generator kn-keyword=X-ray generator en-keyword=vacuum kn-keyword=vacuum en-keyword=monitoring kn-keyword=monitoring en-keyword=personal computer kn-keyword=personal computer END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=1 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=8 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1994 dt-pub=19940920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Petrography of primary peridotites from the Ohsa-yama area, Okayama Prefecture en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Ultramafic rocks exposed around Mt. Ohsa(= Ohsa-yama), Okayama prefecture, designated as "Ohsa-yama ultramafic body" all together, are one of the Alpine-type peridotites in the Sangun metamorphic belt. They are intensely serpentinized and locally suffered contact metamorphism by younger granitic intrusions. In a por-tion of the ohsa-yama body where it has been affected by the contact metamorphism, the constituent minerals, texture and structure of primary ultramafic rocks have been locally preserved. Petrographic studies revead that the primary ultramafic rocks of the ohsa-yama body consist domimantly of dunite and harzburgite possessing no obvious layering, and their constituent minerals are similar in composition to those of the Tari-Misaka and Ashidachi ultramafic bodies. These features indicate that unlike the Ochiai-Hokubo body, the Ohsa-yama ultra-mafic body belongs to the "massive group" of the Arai's (1980) classification. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NozakaToshio en-aut-sei=Nozaka en-aut-mei=Toshio kn-aut-name=野坂俊夫 kn-aut-sei=野坂 kn-aut-mei=俊夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShibataTsugio en-aut-sei=Shibata en-aut-mei=Tsugio kn-aut-name=柴田次夫 kn-aut-sei=柴田 kn-aut-mei=次夫 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sicences, Faculty of Science Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sicences, Faculty of Science Okayama University en-keyword=petrography kn-keyword=petrography en-keyword=dunite kn-keyword=dunite en-keyword=harzburgite kn-keyword=harzburgite en-keyword=massive ultramafic body kn-keyword=massive ultramafic body END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=1 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=9 end-page=18 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1994 dt-pub=19940920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Gradational development of slaty cleavage to schistosity -an example from the Iberian Pyrite Belt, Spain- en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The Iberian Pyrite Belt is an Upper Paleozoic succession which has been divided into the Phyllite-Quartzite Group, the Volcanic-Sliceous Complex and the Culm Group in ascending order from base to the top. The contacts among them are conformable. These Groups are tightly folded and metamorphosed un-der low-grade conditions during Hercynian times. The first stage folds of the Volcanic-Siliceous Complex and the Culm Group are associate with slaty cleavages (S1), while the Phyllite-Quartzite Group is asso-ciate with schistosities (S1). Fold analysis using cleavages and minoe folds has been utilized in the analysis of the stratigraphy. This led to systematic horizontal collection of specimens (pelitic rocks). S1 texture is defined by paralled alignment of secondary platy minerals which tend to grow larger and together, forming zonal domains toward the Phyllite-Quartzite Group. The clay matrices change to recrystallized quartz toward the Phyllite Quartzite Group. Textural modifications are evidenced by gradational changes from slaty cleavages to schistosities. This shows that recrystallization is the important deformation mecha-nism responsible for S1 development. It also reflects that the deformation was contemporaneous with metamorphism. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Suzukishigeyuki en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=shigeyuki kn-aut-name=鈴木茂之 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=茂之 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sicences, Faculty of Science Okayama University en-keyword=Slaty cleavage kn-keyword=Slaty cleavage en-keyword=Schistosity kn-keyword=Schistosity en-keyword=Recrystallization kn-keyword=Recrystallization END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=1 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=19 end-page=26 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1994 dt-pub=19940920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=ScSp Phase observed on the Coast of the Seto Inland Sea kn-title=瀬戸内海沿岸で観測されたScSp相について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Observation of ScSp phase, P wave converted from ScS phase, has been made at a seismological observatory (SBK) located on the coast of the Seto Inland Sea, southwest Japan. The ScSp phases were found on the seismograms of earthqukes with long epicentral distances, but not observed for those with short epicentral distances. Such dependence of appearance of the ScSp phase on epientral distance is interpreted as being due to the Philippine Sea plate horizontally lying beneath the Shikoku and Chugoku districts. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NishiMasaki en-aut-sei=Nishi en-aut-mei=Masaki kn-aut-name=西政樹 kn-aut-sei=西 kn-aut-mei=政樹 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OdaHitoshi en-aut-sei=Oda en-aut-mei=Hitoshi kn-aut-name=小田仁 kn-aut-sei=小田 kn-aut-mei=仁 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Tottori Meteorological Obseruvatory affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sicences, Okayama University en-keyword=ScS Phase kn-keyword=ScS Phase en-keyword=ScSp Phase kn-keyword=ScSp Phase en-keyword=Philippine Sea Plate kn-keyword=Philippine Sea Plate en-keyword=Southwest Japan kn-keyword=Southwest Japan END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=1 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=27 end-page=36 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1994 dt-pub=19940920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Determination of Rb-Sr age for separated chondrules from the Allegan chondrite en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Rb-Sr isotopic study as well as petrologic investigations have been done on sixteen individul chondrule samples separated from the Allegan (H5) chondrite. The Rb-Sr chondrule isochron does not define a very precise age (4.42±0.17 Ga) and 87Sr/86Sr initial ratio (0.6997±0.0014) due to the very small variation in Rb/Sr ratio for the chondrules, whereas the model ages give a much more speciffic value (4.42±0.02 Ga). These ages may probably be indicative of the time of primary process (es) (e.g. chondrule formation) rather than secondary (metamorphic reheating) or tertiary (shock heating) processes in and/or on the H-chodrite parent body (or bodies). Chemical compositions of oliveines (Fa=17.5mol%, mean deviation (MD)=1.3%) and orthopyoxenes (Fs=15.4mol%, MD=3.2%) are moderately homogenized among the chondrules, while certains chemically uneguilibrated features are also distinctly preserved in this chondrite. Homogeneity of the mineral compositions, therefore, could not have been caused by thermal metamorphism but were probably inherited from processes prior to aggregation of the components. The overall implications of the chondrule isochron and model ages in relation to the petrological features and in comparison with Rb-Sr data of other chondrites of different chemical groups and petrologic types are discussed. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkanoOsamu en-aut-sei=Okano en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name=岡野修 kn-aut-sei=岡野 kn-aut-mei=修 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiyaNanayo en-aut-sei=Nishiya en-aut-mei=Nanayo kn-aut-name=西谷七代 kn-aut-sei=西谷 kn-aut-mei=七代 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KagamiHiroo en-aut-sei=Kagami en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=加々美寛雄 kn-aut-sei=加々美 kn-aut-mei=寛雄 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Institute for study of Earth's Interior, Okayama University en-keyword=chondrule kn-keyword=chondrule en-keyword=age kn-keyword=age en-keyword=Rb-Sr isochron kn-keyword=Rb-Sr isochron en-keyword=Allegan kn-keyword=Allegan en-keyword=H- chondrite kn-keyword=H- chondrite en-keyword=meteorite kn-keyword=meteorite en-keyword=metamorphism kn-keyword=metamorphism en-keyword=olivine kn-keyword=olivine en-keyword=pyroxene kn-keyword=pyroxene END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=1 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=37 end-page=48 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1994 dt-pub=19940920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=CALCOMP to LIPS3 convert library kn-title=CALCOMPからLIPS3への変換ライブラリの作成 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=CALLIP, a CALCOMP compatible Fortran 77 library using the Canon LIPS3 page description lan-guage, has been written. As a result, the graphic output of programs with CALCOMP plotting routines used for crystal structure analyses, such as ORTEP2, Rietveld analyses and others can be used under the printer equipped with LIPS3 PDL. The details of the library was given with some graphic examples. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamakawaJunji en-aut-sei=Yamakawa en-aut-mei=Junji kn-aut-name=山川純次 kn-aut-sei=山川 kn-aut-mei=純次 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部地学科 en-keyword=CALLIP kn-keyword=CALLIP en-keyword=CALCOMP kn-keyword=CALCOMP en-keyword=LIPS3 kn-keyword=LIPS3 en-keyword=Fortran 77 kn-keyword=Fortran 77 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=1 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=49 end-page=52 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1994 dt-pub=19940920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=LISTHKL : List h, k, l, Fo and σFo tables kn-title=単結晶強度データーリスト作成プログラムLISTHKL en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=LISTHKL, a Fortran 77 program listing up the data for deposit is submission to Acta Crystallo-graphica has been written. The program requires a computer set with a printer utilizung the LIPS3 page description language. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamakawaJunji en-aut-sei=Yamakawa en-aut-mei=Junji kn-aut-name=山川純次 kn-aut-sei=山川 kn-aut-mei=純次 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawaharaAkira en-aut-sei=Kawahara en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=河原昭 kn-aut-sei=河原 kn-aut-mei=昭 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部地学科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部地学科 en-keyword=LISTHKL kn-keyword=LISTHKL en-keyword=Acta Crystallographica kn-keyword=Acta Crystallographica en-keyword=reflection data kn-keyword=reflection data END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=8 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2009 dt-pub=20090331 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Permian and Triassic molluscan fossils from the Maizuru Zone,Okayama City, Southwest Japan kn-title=岡山市北部の舞鶴帯から産出した二枚貝・巻貝化石 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Permian and Triassic molluscan fossils are found from Mitsu-area, Okayama City, Southwest Japan. Permian bivalve and gastropod fossils are collected from mudstones of the Upper Formation of the Maizuru Group. 4 species of bivalves (Nuculopsis? sp. ind., Leptodesma sp. ind., Streblopteria cf. eichwaldi, Posidonia sp. ind.) and 5 species of gastropods (Worthenia cf. corrugata, Callitomaria n. sp. cf. stanislavi, Apachella n. sp. ind., ??Eunemopsis like trochid, ??Yunnania sp.) are identified. Lower Triassic bivalve fossils are collected from sandstones of the Oono Formation. Neoschizodus cf. laevigatus and Bakevellia (Maizuria) kambei are identified. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NakazawaKeiji en-aut-sei=Nakazawa en-aut-mei=Keiji kn-aut-name=中澤圭二 kn-aut-sei=中澤 kn-aut-mei=圭二 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=Roger LymanBatten kn-aut-sei=Roger Lyman kn-aut-mei=Batten aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiShigeyuki en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Shigeyuki kn-aut-name=鈴木茂之 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=茂之 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=UwadaHideto en-aut-sei=Uwada en-aut-mei=Hideto kn-aut-name=宇和田英人 kn-aut-sei=宇和田 kn-aut-mei=英人 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=京都大学名誉教授 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=元アメリカ自然史博物館 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=インターナショナルペイント株式会社 en-keyword=Permian kn-keyword=Permian en-keyword=Triassic kn-keyword=Triassic en-keyword=bivalve and gastropod fossils kn-keyword=bivalve and gastropod fossils en-keyword=the Maizuru Zone kn-keyword=the Maizuru Zone en-keyword=Mitsu area kn-keyword=Mitsu area END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=9 end-page=32 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2009 dt-pub=20090331 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Microscopic observations of the recent soils: a step for understanding the paleosols kn-title=現世土壌の岩石学的記載　：　古土壌研究への応用の一例 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The microscopic observations of the recent soil horizons were conducted in Okayama, Japan (moderate climate). The several soil horizons, including two surface (epipedon) and three subsurface horizons, were recognized in the forest, poorly vegetated hill, and riverside around the Okayama University. The umbric epipedon can be segregated from the organic-rich subsurface horizons by the scattered organic materials in thin sections. The ochrich epipedon shows the sandy matrix without any cements and the illuviation of clay minerals. The subsurface horizons identified in the study area are as follows: albic, argillic, and cambic horizons. Each subsurface horizon shows the specific structures in thin sections. The albic horizon is characterized by the absence of the illuviation. The argillic horizon definitely shows the clayey matrix and the illuviation of clay minerals. The primary structures may be retained in the cambic horizon. The microscopic examination of the Miocene paleosols from the Ukan-cho, Okayama, was attempted. By comparing the recent soils, the cambic horizon and spodic horizon, which is characterized by the concentration of sesquioxides, are identified in the paleosols. This attempt suggests that the microscopic observations of the recent soils is a useful guide to understanding the paleosols en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=福地亮 kn-aut-sei=福地 kn-aut-mei=亮 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiShigeyuki en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Shigeyuki kn-aut-name=鈴木茂之 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=茂之 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=阪神コンサルタンツ affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=soil kn-keyword=soil en-keyword=paleosol kn-keyword=paleosol en-keyword=soil horizon kn-keyword=soil horizon en-keyword=soil structure kn-keyword=soil structure en-keyword=microscopic observation kn-keyword=microscopic observation END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=33 end-page=65 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2009 dt-pub=20090331 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Morphology and Anatomy of Holocene Raised Coral Reef Terraces in Kodakara Island, Tokara Islands, northwestern Pacific, Japan kn-title=吐喝喇列島・小宝島の完新世隆起サンゴ礁段丘地形と堆積構造 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Well-developed Holocene raised coral reef terraces are formed in Kodakara Island (29°13'N 129°19'E), Tokara Islands, northwestern Pacific, Japan. Detailed morphology and sedimentary structure of the raised reef terraces are observed by field survey through the terraces surface and core drillings. The Holocene raised reef in Kodakara Island are divided into three terraces (TI to III). The surface geo-biological facies and paleo-morphology such as spur and groove system or reef mounds are well preserved on these terraces. The raised coral reefs in Kodakara Island consist of reef flats and reef slopes. No lagoon formed in these terraces. On the raised reef surface, we observed five distinct reefal facies (S-f1-5). The platy and encrusting Acropora facies is the major constituent of the terrace surfaces. We obtained seven drilling cores (B1 to 7) from Terraces I and II along a transect in the southern part of the island. The thickness of the Holocene reef is more than 14m which is approximately equivalent to the Holocene reefs in the middle and southern Ryukyu Islands. Sedimentary structure consists of seven facies (C-f1-7: five reefal and two non-reefal facies). The drilling cores indicating the shallowing sequence at the upward of the cores which characterized by platy-encrusting Acropora facies overlying massive Porites, favid and/or encrusting-foliaceous coral facies. It may indicate the environmental change such as wave-energy gradients and turbidity during the reef development. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HamanakaNozomu en-aut-sei=Hamanaka en-aut-mei=Nozomu kn-aut-name=濱中望 kn-aut-sei=濱中 kn-aut-mei=望 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanHironobu en-aut-sei=Kan en-aut-mei=Hironobu kn-aut-name=菅浩伸 kn-aut-sei=菅 kn-aut-mei=浩伸 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakashimaYosuke en-aut-sei=Nakashima en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name=中島洋典 kn-aut-sei=中島 kn-aut-mei=洋典 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HoriNobuyuki en-aut-sei=Hori en-aut-mei=Nobuyuki kn-aut-name=堀信行 kn-aut-sei=堀 kn-aut-mei=信行 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkamotoTakehiro en-aut-sei=Okamoto en-aut-mei=Takehiro kn-aut-name=岡本健裕 kn-aut-sei=岡本 kn-aut-mei=健裕 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhashiTomoya en-aut-sei=Ohashi en-aut-mei=Tomoya kn-aut-name=大橋倫也 kn-aut-sei=大橋 kn-aut-mei=倫也 aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=AdachiHiroshi en-aut-sei=Adachi en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=安達寛 kn-aut-sei=安達 kn-aut-mei=寛 aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=有明工業高等専門学校 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=奈良大学 affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=(株)ジオアクト en-keyword=Holocene kn-keyword=Holocene en-keyword=coral reef terrace kn-keyword=coral reef terrace en-keyword=drilling kn-keyword=drilling en-keyword=sedimentary structure kn-keyword=sedimentary structure en-keyword=Tokara Islands kn-keyword=Tokara Islands en-keyword=northwestern Pacific kn-keyword=northwestern Pacific END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=67 end-page=77 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2009 dt-pub=20090331 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Climatological study on large-scale situation associated with the cool summer around the Northeastern Japan in 1990s (in comparison with that in 1970s) kn-title=1990年代における東北日本の冷夏に関わる大規模場について（1970年代との比較） en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=It is pointed out by the previous studies that the Baiu front tends to stagnate around the Japan Islands even in midsummer season in 1990s, although the global warming is going on. The present study examined the climatological features of the appearance of daily fronts on the surface weather maps and the large-scale factors associated with the activity of the polar frontal zone to the north of the Baiu frontal zone based on the observational data in the summer of 1971-2000. It was found that the midsummer when the Baiu front tends to stagnate around the Japan Islands appeared rather frequently in 1970s as in 1990s. However, the baroclinicity around the Eurasian polar frontal zone was stronger in 1970s than in 1990s. Thus while the fronts around the Japan Islands in midsummer were greatly due to the southward invasion of cold front associated with the disturbances on the polar frontal zone in 1970s, the Okhotsk High tends to stagnates to the northeast of the fronts around the Japan Islands in 1990s. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SenooYukari en-aut-sei=Senoo en-aut-mei=Yukari kn-aut-name=妹尾ゆかり kn-aut-sei=妹尾 kn-aut-mei=ゆかり aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoKuranoshin en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Kuranoshin kn-aut-name=加藤内藏進 kn-aut-sei=加藤 kn-aut-mei=内藏進 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=Abnormal weather in summer kn-keyword=Abnormal weather in summer en-keyword=Climate system in East Asia kn-keyword=Climate system in East Asia en-keyword=Cool summer kn-keyword=Cool summer en-keyword=Climate variation kn-keyword=Climate variation END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=79 end-page=86 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2009 dt-pub=20090331 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=中国寧夏地域における日照時間から日積算日射量の推定 kn-title=Estimation of daily solar radiation from sunshine durationin Ningxia region, China en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=For the estimation of daily solar radiation from sunshine duration, observation data of Yinchuan station in Ningxia, China was used. Using a linear relationship between solar radiation and extraterrestrial radiation including relative sunshine duration and daylength, we obtained local coefficients s a =0.18, s b =0.62 from past five years data(1981-1985). Using the same method, coefficients for Guyuan region were confirmed too as a representative of south part of Ningxia province. Applying the local coefficients and calculation formula of solar radiation, we validated daily solar radiation of two years(1986-1987) of Yinchuan station and four years(1991-1994) of Guyuan station. The results showed high correlation coefficients of R2=0.94 in Yinchuan and R2=0.85 in Guyuan. Error analysis was applied using mean bias error(MBE), mean absolute bias error(MABE), root mean square error(RMSE)，mean absolute percentage error(MAPE) on solar radiation of Yinchuan(1973-2006) and Guyuan(1986-2006) stations. Results showed that mean absolute bias error(MABE) was less than 13% and 17% in Yinchuan station and Guyuan station respectively. Then we have applied this method to the estimation of daily solar radiation at ‘Yongning’ station(near Yinchan) with the sunshine duration data at ‘Yongning’. The estimated values were compared with observed daily solar radiation at Yinchuan as past twelve years data(1989-2000). The results showed good linear relationship with high correlation coefficient of R2= 0.88. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YangQin en-aut-sei=Yang en-aut-mei=Qin kn-aut-name=楊勤 kn-aut-sei=楊 kn-aut-mei=勤 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsukamotoOsamu en-aut-sei=Tsukamoto en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name=塚本修 kn-aut-sei=塚本 kn-aut-mei=修 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Weather Station of Meteorological Bureau of Ningxia affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=Daily solar radiation kn-keyword=Daily solar radiation en-keyword=Extraterrestrial radiation kn-keyword=Extraterrestrial radiation en-keyword=Relative sunshine duration kn-keyword=Relative sunshine duration en-keyword=Local coefficient kn-keyword=Local coefficient END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2009 dt-pub=20091225 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=表紙・英文目次 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-sei=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2009 dt-pub=20091225 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Title Page en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-sei=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=7 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2009 dt-pub=20091225 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The first Japanese word "chishitsu-gaku" for the "geology" was proposed by Genpo Mitsukuri (1799-1863) kn-title=日本最初の用語「地質学」の成立: 箕作阮甫（1799-1863）の貢献 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The first Japanese word "chishitsu-gaku" for the "geology" was proposed by Genpo Mitsukuri, a scientific contributor in the Tokugawa regime in the 19th century, who was born in 1799 in Tsuyama in Western Honshu, Japan and had worked for scientific activities of the Tokugawa government from 1839 to 1863. His major works for the first making of the "chishitsu-gaku" for the "geology" have been presented in this paper, also showing his contribution to Japanese sciences. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkadaHakuyu en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Hakuyu kn-aut-name=岡田博有 kn-aut-sei=岡田 kn-aut-mei=博有 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiShigeyuki en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Shigeyuki kn-aut-name=鈴木茂之 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=茂之 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=Genpo Mitsukuri kn-keyword=Genpo Mitsukuri en-keyword="chishitsu-gaku" kn-keyword="chishitsu-gaku" en-keyword=19th century kn-keyword=19th century END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=9 end-page=28 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2009 dt-pub=20091225 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=ガーナ，アシャンティ火山帯南部に分布する古原生代変火山岩類のSr-Nd 同位体組成 kn-title=Sr–Nd isotopic compositions of Paleoproterozoic metavolcanic rocks from the southern Ashanti volcanic belt, Ghana en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Neodymium (Nd) and strontium (Sr) isotopic data are presented for Paleoproterozoic metavolcanic rocks in the southern part of the Ashanti volcanic belt of Ghana. The metavolcanic rocks are predominantly basalts/basaltic andesites and andesites with minor dacites. Two types of basalts/basaltic andesites (B/A), Type I and Type II, have been identified. The Type I B/A are stratigraphically overlain by the Type II B/A, followed by the andesites and the dacites. The analyzed volcanic rocks commonly have low initial (87)Sr/(86)Sr ratios consistent with previous studies on Paleoproterozoic rocks from the West African craton. The LREE-depleted, tholeiitic Type I B/A exhibit back-arc basin geochemical signatures and show high positive epsilon Nd (i.e., ε(Nd) (2.1 Ga) = +3.89 to +7.21), which suggest a long term depleted source and also indicate that they were produced in an entirely oceanic environment devoid of influence of continental crust. The isotope signatures are thus consistent with the previously published trace element data of the Type I basalts/basaltic andesites in suggesting that their parent magma was generated from a depleted mantle. The Type I B/A have Nd model ages (T(DM2)) of 1.83–2.09 Ga similar to their formation ages, suggesting that they were juvenile at their time of formation. The andesites and the Type II B/A andesites show LREE-enriched patterns and exhibit characteristics of subduction zone-related magmas, and show initial ε(Nd) (2.1Ga) values of –1.15 to + 1.35 and Nd model ages (T(DM2)) of 2.32–2.58 Ga. The LREE-enriched dacitic porphyry also exhibits characteristics of subduction zone-related magmas, and have initial ε(Nd) (2.1Ga) value of –2.24 and Nd model ages (T(DM2)) of 2.64 Ga. The Nd isotopic data confirms the juvenile character of the Birimian crust, but also suggests some contributions of a pre-Birimian crustal material (or Archean?) in the genesis of some of the metavolcanic rocks. Our isotopic result is consistent with the island arc complex model which views Paleoproteozoic terranes of West Africa in the context of subduction–accretion processes. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=DampareSamuel en-aut-sei=Dampare en-aut-mei=Samuel kn-aut-name=ダムパリサムエル kn-aut-sei=ダムパリ kn-aut-mei=サムエル aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShibataTsugio en-aut-sei=Shibata en-aut-mei=Tsugio kn-aut-name=柴田次夫 kn-aut-sei=柴田 kn-aut-mei=次夫 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsieduDaniel en-aut-sei=Asiedu en-aut-mei=Daniel kn-aut-name=アシードダニエル kn-aut-sei=アシード kn-aut-mei=ダニエル aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkanoOsamu en-aut-sei=Okano en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name=岡野修 kn-aut-sei=岡野 kn-aut-mei=修 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ManuJohnson en-aut-sei=Manu en-aut-mei=Johnson kn-aut-name=マーヌジョンソン kn-aut-sei=マーヌ kn-aut-mei=ジョンソン aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakyiPatrick en-aut-sei=Sakyi en-aut-mei=Patrick kn-aut-name=サチパトリック kn-aut-sei=サチ kn-aut-mei=パトリック aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Science, University of Ghana affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Science, University of Ghana affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Science, University of Ghana en-keyword=Sr–Nd isotopes kn-keyword=Sr–Nd isotopes en-keyword=petrogenesis kn-keyword=petrogenesis en-keyword=tectonic setting kn-keyword=tectonic setting en-keyword=Birimian metavolcanics kn-keyword=Birimian metavolcanics en-keyword=Ashanti volcanic belt kn-keyword=Ashanti volcanic belt END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=29 end-page=42 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2009 dt-pub=20091225 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=岡山県に分布する白亜紀前期羽山層砕屑物質の供給源：砕屑粒の鉱物化学組成とモード組成から導かれる制約 kn-title=Provenance of Early Cretaceous Hayama Formation, Okayama Prefecture, Inner Zone of Southwest Japan: constraints from modal mineralogy and mineral chemistry of derived detrital grains en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Petrographic and phase chemistry studies of detrital grains were carried out on sandstones from the Lower Cretaceous Hayama Formation, Inner Zone of Southwest Japan, to determine their provenance and the tectonic setting during the early Cretaceous. The results of the modal mineralogy suggest that the Hayama Formation has magmatic arc provenance and that deposition of the sediments took place in the back-arc areas with detritus mostly derived from the magmatic arc and rifted continental margins. The chemical compositions of chromian spinel, chlorite and sphene indicate that significant proportions of the detrital grains were derived from mafic and/or ultramafic sources. The source areas are the mafic and ophiolitic rocks in the Sangun-Renge and Akiyoshi terranes and the felsic volcanic rocks probably from either the Akiyoshi terrane or a source not presently exposed in southwest Japan. However, minor amounts of the detritus were derived from the basement rocks; i.e., carbonates and siliciclastic rocks of the Akiyoshi terrane and the metamorphosed mafic rocks of the Chizu terrane. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AsieduDaniel K. en-aut-sei=Asiedu en-aut-mei=Daniel K. kn-aut-name=アシードダニエル kn-aut-sei=アシード kn-aut-mei=ダニエル aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiShigeyuki en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Shigeyuki kn-aut-name=鈴木茂之 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=茂之 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShibataTsugio en-aut-sei=Shibata en-aut-mei=Tsugio kn-aut-name=柴田次夫 kn-aut-sei=柴田 kn-aut-mei=次夫 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Science, University of Ghana affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=modal analysis kn-keyword=modal analysis en-keyword=sandstone kn-keyword=sandstone en-keyword=mineral chemistry kn-keyword=mineral chemistry en-keyword=provenance kn-keyword=provenance en-keyword=Hayama Formation kn-keyword=Hayama Formation END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2009 dt-pub=20091225 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=投稿規定（約款）, 奥付 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-sei=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2009 dt-pub=20091225 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=裏表紙・目次 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-sei=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2010 dt-pub=20101224 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=表紙・英文目次 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-sei=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2010 dt-pub=20101224 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Title Page en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-sei=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=5 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2010 dt-pub=20101224 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=西南日本の熱変成超苦鉄質岩体中のかんらん石と輝石の組成変化に関する覚書 kn-title=A note on compositional variation of olivine and pyroxene in thermally metamorphosed ultramafic complexes from SW Japan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This short article presents some diagrams showing the compositional variations of primary and metamorphic olivine, orthopyroxene and clinopyroxene in peridotites and serpentinites from thermally metamorphosed ultramafic complexes in SW Japan. In contrast to olivine, which shows a gradual change of chemical composition corresponding with metamorphic grade, orthopyroxene and clinopyroxene show clear differences in composition between primary and metamorphic phases. Compared with primary pyroxenes, even though their compositions could be variable depending on original rock composition, metamorphic orthopyroxene and metamorphic clinopyroxene is clearly deficient in Cr(2)O(3) and CaO, and in Cr(2)O(3) and Al(2)O(3), respectively. These characteristics are useful for the discrimination between the pyroxenes of different origin. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NozakaToshio en-aut-sei=Nozaka en-aut-mei=Toshio kn-aut-name=野坂俊夫 kn-aut-sei=野坂 kn-aut-mei=俊夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-keyword=chemical composition kn-keyword=chemical composition en-keyword=olivine kn-keyword=olivine en-keyword=orthopyroxene kn-keyword=orthopyroxene en-keyword=clinopyroxene kn-keyword=clinopyroxene en-keyword=metaperidotite kn-keyword=metaperidotite END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=7 end-page=19 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2010 dt-pub=20101224 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Comparison of large-scale cloud distribution and atmospheric fields around the Akisame (autumn rainfall) front in East Asia among 1993, 1994 and 1995 kn-title=1993，1994，1995年における東アジアの秋雨前線帯付近の雲分布や大気場の総観的特徴の比較 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In order to examine year-to-year variability of the Akisame (autumn rainfall) frontal zone in East Asia, large-scale cloud distribution and atmospheric fields around the frontal zone were compared among 1993, 1994 and 1995, when their characteristics were rather different among each other. While the Akisame frontal zone extended zonally and the deep convective clouds tended to appear in that frontal zone near the southern coast of the Japan Islands in 1993, the frontal zone extends from southwest to northeast and the large amount of precipitation was brought mainly in the northern Japan. In 1995, although the surface front on the weather maps appeared frequently also around the southern coast of the Japan Islands, the rainfall amount there was not so large. The area with frequent appearance of the deep convective clouds in the Akisame frontal zone was seen only to the east of the Japan Islands. As such, it is noted that the active area of the Akisame frontal zone shows rather large year-to-year variability also in the zonal direction. It is also suggested that such great variability of the Akisame frontal zone in the zonal direction seems to correspond to the variations of the subtropical high and the ITCZ in the western Pacific region around September. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FukudaShigeko en-aut-sei=Fukuda en-aut-mei=Shigeko kn-aut-name=福田維子 kn-aut-sei=福田 kn-aut-mei=維子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoKuranoshin en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Kuranoshin kn-aut-name=加藤内藏進 kn-aut-sei=加藤 kn-aut-mei=内藏進 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学教育学部理科教室 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科自然教育学系理科教育講座 en-keyword=Akisame (autumn rainfall) front kn-keyword=Akisame (autumn rainfall) front en-keyword=STFZ in early autumn kn-keyword=STFZ in early autumn en-keyword=year-to-year difference of Akisame front kn-keyword=year-to-year difference of Akisame front END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=21 end-page=23 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2010 dt-pub=20101224 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=DGEM: Digital Geological Elevation Model kn-title=DGEM: 数値地質標高モデル en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=DGEM, a Digital Geological Elevation Model, was developed using the digital geological map and the JPGIS DEM data with some GIS application and the R-Language. In the model, the information of the geological map was combined with the DEM by their coordinates. The integration of those two digital map was performed by the R-Language, so the model can be used by some useful presentation library of the language, such as the RGL, or by some geographical calculation libraries. Moreover, the DGEM will be used by the spatial statistical libraries of the R-Language to investigate some geological spatial distributed specifications. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamakawaJunji en-aut-sei=Yamakawa en-aut-mei=Junji kn-aut-name=山川純次 kn-aut-sei=山川 kn-aut-mei=純次 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=EbiTakahiro en-aut-sei=Ebi en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name=海老貴宏 kn-aut-sei=海老 kn-aut-mei=貴宏 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoHirofumi en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Hirofumi kn-aut-name=松本宏文 kn-aut-sei=松本 kn-aut-mei=宏文 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部地球科学科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部地球科学科 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部地球科学科 en-keyword=Digital geological map kn-keyword=Digital geological map en-keyword=DEM kn-keyword=DEM en-keyword=JPGIS kn-keyword=JPGIS en-keyword=QuantumGIS kn-keyword=QuantumGIS en-keyword=R-Language kn-keyword=R-Language END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=25 end-page=26 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2010 dt-pub=20101224 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Representation of Earth scientific information by the Google(TM) Earth kn-title=Google(TM) Earthによる地球科学情報の表示 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The Google(TM) Earth is a GIS application provided by the Google, with versatile and high performance visualization and manipulation capability for geographic information. The Google Earth is also a multi-platform application, so the installation and running cost for research and education site is relatively low. The Earth scientific information also have a geographic information scheme, so the Google Earth has some potential to support the education and research field of the Earth science. In this report, some Earth scientific information were converted by the R-Language and its libraries for represent by the Google Earth. The 3-dimensional representation of the information will be able to support to understanding the specification of the data for the Earth scientific research and education field. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamakawaJunji en-aut-sei=Yamakawa en-aut-mei=Junji kn-aut-name=山川純次 kn-aut-sei=山川 kn-aut-mei=純次 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=EbiTakahiro en-aut-sei=Ebi en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name=海老貴宏 kn-aut-sei=海老 kn-aut-mei=貴宏 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoHirofumi en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Hirofumi kn-aut-name=松本宏文 kn-aut-sei=松本 kn-aut-mei=宏文 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部地球科学科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部地球科学科 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部地球科学科 en-keyword=Earth scientific information kn-keyword=Earth scientific information en-keyword=GIS kn-keyword=GIS en-keyword=Google Earth kn-keyword=Google Earth en-keyword=Kriging kn-keyword=Kriging en-keyword=R-Language kn-keyword=R-Language END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2010 dt-pub=20101224 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=岡山大学地球科学研究報告投稿規定（約款）・奥付 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-sei=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2010 dt-pub=20101224 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=裏表紙・目次 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-sei=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=18 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2011 dt-pub=20111226 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=表紙・英文目次 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-sei=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=18 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2011 dt-pub=20111226 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Title Page en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-sei=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=18 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=3 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2011 dt-pub=20111226 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=KED estimated distribution of Earth Scientific Information kn-title=KED法を用いた地球科学情報の分布推定 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=KED, the Kriging with External Drift, is one of the spatial statistical method for estimating some distribution from the discrete spatial sampled data set about the research field. The KED uses the kriging method (Matheron, 1973) with some auxiliary map to minimize the estimated error. The KED procedure was performed by the R-Language (Ihaka and Gentleman, 1996) using some geostatistical libraries. The auxiliary maps required by the KED were prepared by the authors with some GIS applications. The 3-dimensional geographic representations for the estimated distribution were performed by the Google Earth (Google, 2011). In this report, the KED was applied to some Earth scientific information to show the fundamental scheme of the method. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamakawaJunji en-aut-sei=Yamakawa en-aut-mei=Junji kn-aut-name=山川純次 kn-aut-sei=山川 kn-aut-mei=純次 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=EbiTakahiro en-aut-sei=Ebi en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name=海老貴宏 kn-aut-sei=海老 kn-aut-mei=貴宏 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoHirofumi en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Hirofumi kn-aut-name=松本宏文 kn-aut-sei=松本 kn-aut-mei=宏文 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部地球科学科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部地球科学科 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部地球科学科 en-keyword=KED kn-keyword=KED en-keyword=Universal kriging kn-keyword=Universal kriging en-keyword=Regression kriging kn-keyword=Regression kriging en-keyword=R-Language kn-keyword=R-Language en-keyword=Google Earth kn-keyword=Google Earth END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=18 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=5 end-page=10 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2011 dt-pub=20111226 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Newly proposed landform division in the Kibi Plateau area: Application for a hazard map of landslides kn-title=岡山市北部吉備高原地域における地形区分―斜面防災のための試み― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The Kibi Plateau is characterized by horizontal skylines and they are considered to be an uplifted peneplain. Landform of the plateaus in central part of Okayama Prefecture is divided into "Kibi plateau landform" and "Recent dissecting landform". The Kibi plateau landform is composed of low relief surface and relict mountain. The altitude of the low relief surface varies from 300 to 450m in Kayo area, and 200 to 350m in Kanayama area. The Recent dissecting landform is characterized by escarpment and cuts the Kibi plateau landform. Knick-point is formed at the boundary between two landforms and steep slope is distributed just below the knick-point. The steep slope of the recent dissecting landform is unstable and a potential of landslide is high. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SuzukiShigeyuki en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Shigeyuki kn-aut-name=鈴木茂之 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=茂之 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OmizoYuna en-aut-sei=Omizo en-aut-mei=Yuna kn-aut-name=大溝佑奈 kn-aut-sei=大溝 kn-aut-mei=佑奈 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirataMinoru en-aut-sei=Hirata en-aut-mei=Minoru kn-aut-name=平田稔 kn-aut-sei=平田 kn-aut-mei=稔 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishigakiMakoto en-aut-sei=Nishigaki en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name=西垣誠 kn-aut-sei=西垣 kn-aut-mei=誠 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院環境学研究科 en-keyword=Kibi Plateau kn-keyword=Kibi Plateau en-keyword=landslide kn-keyword=landslide en-keyword=knick-point kn-keyword=knick-point en-keyword=Okayama Prefecture kn-keyword=Okayama Prefecture END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=18 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=11 end-page=18 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2011 dt-pub=20111226 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Characteristics of typhoon tracks and large-scale atmospheric fields associated with the typhoon approach to the Japan Islands in early summer kn-title=初夏に日本列島付近へ北上する台風の進路や周辺場の特徴について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The number of typhoons approaching the Japan Islands is much smaller in May and June than in August to September. However, some typhoons abnormally approach to the Japan Islands in May or June as in 2004. The present study investigated the characteristics of the typhoon tracks and the large-scale fields in May and June associated with the approach of typhoons to the Japan Islands. Climatologically speaking, typhoons are generally formed in the lower latitude in May and early June, and tend to turn to ENE-ward before they reach ~ 20N in May by the upper- and middle-level westerly wind. In June, the upper-level easterly wind associated with the Tibetan high seems to prevent typhoons from approaching to the Japan Islands. However, when the cell-type subtropical high and the deep westerly trough in its western side are formed with the SW-ly from the lower to the middle latitude, a favorable situation for the northward invasion of the typhoon can be realized in May. On the other hand, the formation of the barotropic-like subtropical high to the southeast of the Japan Islands seems to enable a typhoon to approach to the Japan Islands by the S-ly wind around the subtropical high. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HamamotoNatsumi en-aut-sei=Hamamoto en-aut-mei=Natsumi kn-aut-name=濱本奈津美 kn-aut-sei=濱本 kn-aut-mei=奈津美 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoKuranoshin en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Kuranoshin kn-aut-name=加藤内藏進 kn-aut-sei=加藤 kn-aut-mei=内藏進 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakayamaYuuki en-aut-sei=Nakayama en-aut-mei=Yuuki kn-aut-name=中山祐貴 kn-aut-sei=中山 kn-aut-mei=祐貴 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsukamotoOsamu en-aut-sei=Tsukamoto en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name=塚本修 kn-aut-sei=塚本 kn-aut-mei=修 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科自然教育学系理科教育講座 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院環境学研究科 en-keyword=typhoon tracks in early summer kn-keyword=typhoon tracks in early summer en-keyword=large-scale atmospheric fields in early summer kn-keyword=large-scale atmospheric fields in early summer END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=18 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2011 dt-pub=20111226 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=岡山大学地球科学研究報告投稿規定（約款）・奥付 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-sei=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=18 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2011 dt-pub=20111226 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=裏表紙・目次 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-sei=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=19 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2012 dt-pub=20121226 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=表紙・英文目次 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-sei=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=19 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2012 dt-pub=20121226 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Title Page en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-sei=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=19 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=4 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2012 dt-pub=20121226 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Holocene environmental and sea-level changes of the Okayama Plain – evidence from peat beds – kn-title=岡山平野の泥炭層から推測される完新世の海水準変動と古環境変遷 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Quaternary peat beds from bore-hole samples deliver information to reconstruct paleoenvironment. Altitudes of dated non-marine peat beds and marine beds allow to be created a sea-level curve. 4 peat beds (A to D) are identified from the uppermost Pleistocene to Holocene deposits of the Okayama Plain. They thought to be deposited at stable events during sea-level change. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SuzukiShigeyuki en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Shigeyuki kn-aut-name=鈴木茂之 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=茂之 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部地球科学科 en-keyword=Holocene kn-keyword=Holocene en-keyword=peat beds kn-keyword=peat beds en-keyword=paleoenvironment kn-keyword=paleoenvironment en-keyword=sea-level change kn-keyword=sea-level change en-keyword=Okayama Plain kn-keyword=Okayama Plain END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=19 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=5 end-page=11 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2012 dt-pub=20121226 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Folded structure of the Carboniferous Ko-yama Limestone Group, Akiyoshi Belt, SW JAPAN kn-title=秋吉帯高山石灰岩層群の褶曲構造 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The fold structure of the Akiyoshi Belt was analyzed in Kawakami-cho, Okayama Prefecture, where the Lower Carboniferous to Middle Permian Ko-yama Limestone Group (Yokoyama et al., 1979), Permian Yoshii Group (Sano et al., 1987) and Triassic Nariwa Group (Teraoka, 1959) are distributed. The Nariwa Group unconformably covers the Paleozoic successions (Otoh, 1985). The Lower Carboniferous to Middle Permian Ko-yama Limestone Group, dated by foraminifers and fusulinids (Yokoyama et al., 1979), is mainly composed of massive limestone with basic volcanics, acidic tuff and chert. The Paleozoic successions of the Akiyoshi Belt were folded during the Middle to Late Permian (Suzuki et al., 1990). Strata of the Ko-yama Limestone Group generally strike E-W and dip to the north. The Hoya section about 300 m thick is composed of limestone, basic tuff, chert and acidic tuff, limestone, basic lava and tuff in ascending order. In this section, Ishida et al. (2012) recognized a nearly complete conodont faunal succession ranging from the upper Visean to the lower Moscovian. The faunal succession indicates younging southward, and the strata are overturned. A folded strucuture of tight overfold with north-dipping axial plane was reconstructed. Similar style of small scale overfolds of banded chert and turbidite were observed in the overlying Yoshii Group. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=InadaNoriyuki en-aut-sei=Inada en-aut-mei=Noriyuki kn-aut-name=稲田徳之 kn-aut-sei=稲田 kn-aut-mei=徳之 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiShigeyuki en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Shigeyuki kn-aut-name=鈴木茂之 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=茂之 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshidaKeisuke en-aut-sei=Ishida en-aut-mei=Keisuke kn-aut-name=石田啓祐 kn-aut-sei=石田 kn-aut-mei=啓祐 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部地球科学科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部地球科学科 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=徳島大学大学院ソシオ・アーツ・アンド・サイエンス研究部基礎科学部門自然科学分野 en-keyword=folded structure kn-keyword=folded structure en-keyword=Ko-yama Limestone Group kn-keyword=Ko-yama Limestone Group en-keyword=Carboniferous kn-keyword=Carboniferous en-keyword=Akiyoshi Belt kn-keyword=Akiyoshi Belt END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=19 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=13 end-page=17 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2012 dt-pub=20121226 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The temperature and pressure conditions of synthetic Sibirskite and Parasibirskite kn-title=シベリア石とパラシベリア石の安定温度圧力条件 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Sibirskite (CaHBO ) and parasibirskite ₃ are in the relation of polymorphism, these are regarded as the alteration products of takedaite (Ca₃B₂O₆), occurs at Fuka mine, Okayama Prefecture. The synthesis of parasibirskite was reported by the Schäfer (1968a, b) etc. and the synthesis of sibirskite was reported by the Sun et al. (2011). To determine the formation condition of sibirskite and parasibirskite in the natural, they were synthesized from the natural takedaite (Ca₃B₂O₆). As a result, both of sibirskite and parasibirskite were formed by the duration time of 7 days with 1000 kg/cm2 and 300 oC, on the other hand, only sibirskite was formed by the duration time of 14 days with the same condition. In addition, the mixtures of sibirskite and parasibirskite were examined under the various temperatures and pressures of hydrothermal conditions. As a result, the upper limit of the stable temperature and pressure conditions of sibirskite was estimated between 350 oC and 400 oC at 1500 kg/cm2, and between 400 oC and 450 oC at 500 kg/cm2 . In the higher temperature than the condition, sibirskite were changed into shimazakiite (Ca₂B₂O₅). en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KanoMasahiro en-aut-sei=Kano en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name=狩野正裕 kn-aut-sei=狩野 kn-aut-mei=正裕 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamakawaJunji en-aut-sei=Yamakawa en-aut-mei=Junji kn-aut-name=山川純次 kn-aut-sei=山川 kn-aut-mei=純次 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 en-keyword=Sibirskite kn-keyword=Sibirskite en-keyword=Parasibirskite kn-keyword=Parasibirskite en-keyword=Shimazakiite kn-keyword=Shimazakiite en-keyword=Fuka kn-keyword=Fuka en-keyword=Hydrothermal synthesis kn-keyword=Hydrothermal synthesis END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=19 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=19 end-page=24 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2012 dt-pub=20121226 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Estimation of SPM concentration distribution over the central Seto Inland Sea kn-title=瀬戸内海中部上空におけるSPM濃度分布の推定 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Ordinary Kriging, OK, and Regression Kriging, RK, are the spatial statistical methods that are possible to estimate a horizontal distribution in a study area from discrete data. OK is the method which takes account of only spatial auto-correlation structure of the data, while RK is the method which takes account of an interrelationship between spatial auto-correlation structure and some auxiliary variables to minimize the estimation error. Analytical processing for OK and RK methods was performed by the R-Language (R Core Team, 2012) and its some additional libraries. The auxiliary variables required to perform RK method were prepared by a GIS application, Quantum GIS (Quantum GIS Development Team, 2012). The 3-dimensional geographic representation of the estimation maps was performed by the Google Earth (Google, 2012). In this report, OK and RK methods were applied to one of the Earth scientific information, SPM (Supended Particulate Matter). Then, these methods were considered by comparing two estimation maps, and finally considered qualitatively by displaying these maps in the Google Earth. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=EbiTakahiro en-aut-sei=Ebi en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name=海老貴宏 kn-aut-sei=海老 kn-aut-mei=貴宏 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoHirofumi en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Hirofumi kn-aut-name=松本宏文 kn-aut-sei=松本 kn-aut-mei=宏文 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamakawaJunji en-aut-sei=Yamakawa en-aut-mei=Junji kn-aut-name=山川純次 kn-aut-sei=山川 kn-aut-mei=純次 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科地球科学専攻 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科地球科学専攻 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科地球科学専攻 en-keyword=Ordinary Kriging kn-keyword=Ordinary Kriging en-keyword=Regression Kriging kn-keyword=Regression Kriging en-keyword=Auxiliary variable kn-keyword=Auxiliary variable en-keyword=R-Language kn-keyword=R-Language en-keyword=Google Earth kn-keyword=Google Earth END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=19 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=25 end-page=37 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2012 dt-pub=20121226 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The oldest fossil forest in Japan discovered from the Upper Triassic Nariwa Group, Okayama Prefecture, SW Japan -Implication for reconstruction of depositional environment and paleovegetation- kn-title=上部三畳系成羽層群における 日本最古の化石林の発見 ―堆積環境復元および古植生復元における意義― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Erect fossil stumps were found from the outcrop of the Upper Triassic Hinabata Formation, the uppermost part of the Nariwa Group at Hinabata, Nariwa-cho,Takahashi City, Okayama Prefecture, SW Japan. They are evidence of the oldest fossil forest in Japan. The Upper Triassic Nariwa Group is mostly composed of non-marine deposits except the marine Jito Formation and characterized by the abundance in plant fossils. The marine Jito Formation is characterized by occurrence of Norian Monotis ochotica. On the basis of detailed observation of the occurrence of erect fossil stumps, as well as sedimentary facies of fossil-bearing unit, the fossil forest was interpreted to have grown on the top of the natural-levee units. One of the erect fossil stumps was identified as Xenoxylon sp. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YukawaHirokazu en-aut-sei=Yukawa en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=湯川弘一 kn-aut-sei=湯川 kn-aut-mei=弘一 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TeradaKazuo en-aut-sei=Terada en-aut-mei=Kazuo kn-aut-name=寺田和雄 kn-aut-sei=寺田 kn-aut-mei=和雄 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SunGe en-aut-sei=Sun en-aut-mei=Ge kn-aut-name=孫革 kn-aut-sei=孫 kn-aut-mei=革 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiShigeyuki en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Shigeyuki kn-aut-name=鈴木茂之 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=茂之 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=福井県立恐竜博物館 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=遼寧古生物博物館 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 en-keyword=erect fossil stump kn-keyword=erect fossil stump en-keyword=fossil forest kn-keyword=fossil forest en-keyword=Nariwa Group kn-keyword=Nariwa Group en-keyword=Upper Triassic kn-keyword=Upper Triassic en-keyword=Xenoxylon kn-keyword=Xenoxylon END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=19 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=39 end-page=50 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2012 dt-pub=20121226 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=A case study on persistent appearance of the ensemble of precipitation bands in the warm sector of the Baiu front in the western Japan around 19 June 2001 kn-title=地上梅雨前線の南方の九州における 線状降水帯の集団の維持について （2001年6月19日頃の事例解析） en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A case study on persistent appearance of the ensemble of precipitation bands in the warm sector of the Baiu front in Kyushu District, the western part of Japan around 19 June 2001 was performed based on the operational observational data. Around 00UTC (09JST) 19 June when the Baiu front on the surface weather map was still located about a few 100kms to the north of Kyushu, the number and the total area of the meso-β or γ-scale line-shaped precipitation bands increased around Kyushu rapidly. These precipitation bands had been sustained there and gradually gathered each other to change into the Baiu frontal precipitation zone extending from the northern Kyushu to Seto-Naikai (Seto Inland Sea) around 09UTC (18JST) 19 June (the intense rainfall zone was still located in the warm sector of the Baiu front). Until ~09UTC (18JST) 19 June, the moist air flow with the latently unstable stratification had been sustained around Kyushu corresponding to the low-level southerly wind toward the surface Baiu front to the north of Kyushu. This large-scale situation would contribute greatly to the maintenance of the ensemble of the line-shaped precipitation bands in the warm sector of the Baiu front. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=GodaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Goda en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name=合田泰弘 kn-aut-sei=合田 kn-aut-mei=泰弘 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoKuranoshin en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Kuranoshin kn-aut-name=加藤内藏進 kn-aut-sei=加藤 kn-aut-mei=内藏進 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsukamotoOsamu en-aut-sei=Tsukamoto en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name=塚本修 kn-aut-sei=塚本 kn-aut-mei=修 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科自然教育学系理科教育講座 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 en-keyword=ensemble of line-shaped precipitation bands kn-keyword=ensemble of line-shaped precipitation bands en-keyword=precipitation in the warm sector of the Baiu front kn-keyword=precipitation in the warm sector of the Baiu front en-keyword=Baiu fronal rainfall kn-keyword=Baiu fronal rainfall END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=19 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2012 dt-pub=20121226 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=岡山大学地球科学研究報告 投稿規定（約款） en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-sei=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=19 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2012 dt-pub=20121226 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=裏表紙・目次 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-sei=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2013 dt-pub=20131227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=表紙・英文目次 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-sei=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2013 dt-pub=20131227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Title Page en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-sei=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=6 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2013 dt-pub=20131227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Debris avalanche occurred in Kitamura area, Kurashiki City, Okayama Prefecture kn-title=岡山県倉敷市北村地域で発生した土石流災害の特徴と要因 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The debris avalanche occurred in Kitamura area, Kurashiki City, Okayama Prefecture caused by the hard rain of Typhoon 12 of September, 2011. Furthermore, 11 small landslides occurred in the study area. In this area, the altitude of mountainous are not so high (150m to 250m) and the amount of precipitation which producted the debris avalanche was not very serious quantity with 230mm. However the debris avalanche occurred. One private house collapsed, and the first floor part of the Kitamura Elementary School was buried due to the debris flow. The purpose of this study is to examine causes of the debris avalanche disaster occurred in Kitamura area using applied geological technique. The length of the debris avalanche scar is about 250m, and alluvial fan is formed as a debris slope. The ground is composed of weathered granite and the bottom of the valley was filled by soils derived from disintegrated granite. There are three small landslides as head scarps with steep slopes at approximately 30°-35°. The debris avalanche was inferred to have started as a shallow soil slip at the head by rainfall. 3 major causes are inferred which originated the debris avalanche in the study area; steep slope, ground composed of weathered granite, existence of sandy soil which occupied at the bottom of valley. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KimuraYuki en-aut-sei=Kimura en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name=木村裕貴 kn-aut-sei=木村 kn-aut-mei=裕貴 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiShigeyuki en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Shigeyuki kn-aut-name=鈴木茂之 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=茂之 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部地球科学科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部地球科学科 en-keyword=debris avalanche kn-keyword=debris avalanche en-keyword=steep slope kn-keyword=steep slope en-keyword=weathered granite kn-keyword=weathered granite END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=7 end-page=11 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2013 dt-pub=20131227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=On Periploma mitsuganoense Araki (Bivalvia: Mollusca) from the Miocene Bihoku Group in Niimi City, Okayama Prefecture, southwest Japan ―with special reference to it’s paleogeographic significance― kn-title=岡山県新見市の中新世備北層群からのPeriploma mitsuganoense Araki (Bivalvia: Mollusca)について　―特にその古地理学的意義― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this paper, we deal with re-description of Periploma mitsuganoense Araki and it’s morphological variation and significance of the molluscan fauna of it from the Miocene Bihoku Group in Niimi City, Okayama Prefecture, Southwest Japan. Moreover, the paleogeographic significance of this species is analyzed. The obtained results are summarized as follows: 1. The morphological variation of Periploma mitsuganoense Araki has a wide range on the basis of the analysis of the morphological outline. 2. The occurrence of P. mitsuganoense Araki from the Pectinid fauna is the first record in the West Setouchi Geological Province. 3. It is presumable that P. mitsuganoense Araki is an endemic species in the First Setouchi Geological Province from a view point of it’s spatial distribution. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TaguchciEiji en-aut-sei=Taguchci en-aut-mei=Eiji kn-aut-name=田口栄次 kn-aut-sei=田口 kn-aut-mei=栄次 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KishimotoShingo en-aut-sei=Kishimoto en-aut-mei=Shingo kn-aut-name=岸本眞五 kn-aut-sei=岸本 kn-aut-mei=眞五 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiShigeyuki en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Shigeyuki kn-aut-name=鈴木茂之 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=茂之 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部地球科学科 en-keyword=Periploma mitsuganoense Araki kn-keyword=Periploma mitsuganoense Araki en-keyword=Mollusca kn-keyword=Mollusca en-keyword=Miocene kn-keyword=Miocene en-keyword=Bihoku Group kn-keyword=Bihoku Group en-keyword=morphological variation kn-keyword=morphological variation en-keyword=paleogeographic significance kn-keyword=paleogeographic significance END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=13 end-page=24 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2013 dt-pub=20131227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=A case study on the rainfall distribution over the Japan Islands associated with the approach of Ty0423 in late October (Comparison with that for Ty0418) kn-title=2004年10月後半の台風23号に伴う日本列島での広域の降水（台風18号と比較して） en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Rainfall distribution in the Japan Islands associated with the approach of Typhoon No.23 around 20 October 2004 (referred to Ty0423, hereafter) showed considerably different features from those in late summer of this year. The present study examined the detailed rainfall features around the Japan Islands brought by Ty0423 and the atmospheric processes based on the operational observation data by the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA), comparing with those in association with Ty0418 around 7 September 2004. During the stage when Ty0423 was approaching or landing on the western part of the Japan Islands, the areal mean precipitation from Kyushu to Kanto District attained much larger than that for Ty0418, with wider extension of the area with the large amount of precipitation. It is interesting that, although the intense rainfall was observed only at the upstream side of the mountain range from Kyushu to Honshu District for Ty0418 except for the area near its center, strong rainfall with 10~30 mm/h persisted in wider regions from the western to the eastern part of the Japan Islands, resulting in the considerably large total rainfall for Ty0423. As for the case for Ty0423, the surface front with stable frontal surface was located just to the east of the Ty0423 center just before its landing at the Japan Islands. Thus, the huge moisture inflow mainly in the eastern region from the typhoon center seems to be redistributed widely over the Japan Islands area associated with the large-scale convergence around the stable frontal surface. In late October, the colder air associated with the high pressure system in the eastern Siberia can cover the northern part of the Japan Sea area as the seasonal march. Such basic field might be favorable for sustaining the synoptic-scale front just around the southern coast of the Japan Islands, even when the strong southerly wind invades associated with the typhoon approach there. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SatakeAi en-aut-sei=Satake en-aut-mei=Ai kn-aut-name=佐竹愛 kn-aut-sei=佐竹 kn-aut-mei=愛 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoKuranoshin en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Kuranoshin kn-aut-name=加藤内藏進 kn-aut-sei=加藤 kn-aut-mei=内藏進 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriYoshinori en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=Yoshinori kn-aut-name=盛宣誠 kn-aut-sei=盛 kn-aut-mei=宣誠 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=GodaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Goda en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name=合田泰弘 kn-aut-sei=合田 kn-aut-mei=泰弘 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkedaShoichiro en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Shoichiro kn-aut-name=池田祥一郎 kn-aut-sei=池田 kn-aut-mei=祥一郎 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsukamotoOsamu en-aut-sei=Tsukamoto en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name=塚本修 kn-aut-sei=塚本 kn-aut-mei=修 aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 en-keyword=Ty0423 kn-keyword=Ty0423 en-keyword=Ty0418 kn-keyword=Ty0418 en-keyword=rainfall in Japan associated with a typhoon in mid-autumn kn-keyword=rainfall in Japan associated with a typhoon in mid-autumn en-keyword=effects of a typhoon on the synoptic climatology in Japan in October kn-keyword=effects of a typhoon on the synoptic climatology in Japan in October END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=25 end-page=34 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2013 dt-pub=20131227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Preliminary analyses on the climatological features of precipitation characteristics and large-scale atmospheric fields on the heavy rainfall days in the eastern part of Japan during the mature stage of the Baiu season kn-title=梅雨最盛期における東日本の大雨日の降水特性や総観場に関する気候学的解析（序報） en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Rainfall characteristics and large-scale atmospheric fields on the “heavy rainfall days” (with more than 50 mm/day) in the mature stage of the Baiu season (16 June ~ 15 July) at Tokyo in the eastern part of the Japan Islands were examined, based on the daily and the hourly precipitation data from 1971 to 2010. Appearance frequency of the “heavy rainfall days” at Tokyo attained only about 1/3 of that at Nagasaki in the western Japan. Furthermore, it is noted that about half of the “heavy rainfall days” at Tokyo were related to the typhoon. In detail, about half of the typhoon cases were associated with the direct approach of a typhoon (referred to as Pattern A, hereafter), the other half corresponded to the situation when the Baiu front also stagnated around Kanto District with a typhoon to the southwest of Kanto (Pattern B). Although the contribution of the intense rainfall with more than 10 mm/h to the total precipitation was large in Pattern A, that with less than 10 mm/h was dominant in Patterns B and C (Pattern C: meso-α-scale cyclone on the Baiu front approaching to the Kanto District). It is noted that about half of the “heavy rainfall days” corresponded to these pattern. In other words, unlike the localized torrential rain in western Japan, the “heavy rainfall days” due to the duration of “not-so-intense-rain” appeared rather frequently in the eastern part of Japan even in the Baiu season. In both Patterns B and C, relatively strong low-level southerly wind associated with the disturbance (a typhoon or a meso-α-scale cyclone) invades into the baroclinic zone in the basic field sustained as the sowthwestern edge of the cool Okhotsk air mass. It is interesting that the “heavy rainfall days” there due to the contribution of the persistent “not-so-intense-rain” occur just in such situation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsumotoKengo en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Kengo kn-aut-name=松本健吾 kn-aut-sei=松本 kn-aut-mei=健吾 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoKuranoshin en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Kuranoshin kn-aut-name=加藤内藏進 kn-aut-sei=加藤 kn-aut-mei=内藏進 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtaniKazuo en-aut-sei=Otani en-aut-mei=Kazuo kn-aut-name=大谷和男 kn-aut-sei=大谷 kn-aut-mei=和男 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学教育学部（理科） affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然系科学研究科 en-keyword=rainfall characteristics in eastern Japan kn-keyword=rainfall characteristics in eastern Japan en-keyword=heavy rainfall in eastern Japan in Baiu season kn-keyword=heavy rainfall in eastern Japan in Baiu season en-keyword=rainfall climatology kn-keyword=rainfall climatology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2013 dt-pub=20131227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=岡山大学地球科学研究報告 投稿規定（約款） en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-sei=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2013 dt-pub=20131227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=裏表紙・目次 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-sei=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2014 dt-pub=20141227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=表紙・英文目次 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-sei=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2014 dt-pub=20141227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Title Page en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-sei=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=5 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2014 dt-pub=20141227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=A high precision and high resolution estimation of the spatial distribution of PM2.5 in the south area of Okayama prefecture, Japan kn-title=岡山県南部におけるPM2.5の高精度高解像度空間分布推定 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=　A relatively high precision and high resolution spatial distribution of the PM2.5 in the south part of the Okayama prefecture, Japan was estimated by the Universal Kriging method and the FOSS4G GIS softwares. The observation data of the PM2.5 were obtained from the Environmental data service site of the Okayama prefecture. The geospatial open data about the research field that used in the research were served by the government research institutes. The spatial analysis were executed by the R (R core team, 2014) and its spatial libraries, maptools (Bivand and Lewin-Koh, 2014), rgdal (Bivand, Keitt and Rowlingson, 2014) and gstat (Pebesma, 2014). The geospatial representation and qualitative analysis of the estimated distribution were performed by the QGIS (QGIS Development Team, 2014) and the Google earth (Google, 2014). The time variant of the PM2.5 concentration by the each observatories in the area were show some cross correlation factor to the SPM10 concentration data. The estimated PM2.5 distribution seems to show that the relatively tight relation to the geospatial factors in the research area. The estimation of a time variant change of the PM2.5 distribution will be required of the further research.. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OmoriAkiho en-aut-sei=Omori en-aut-mei=Akiho kn-aut-name=大森秋穂 kn-aut-sei=大森 kn-aut-mei=秋穂 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamakawaJunji en-aut-sei=Yamakawa en-aut-mei=Junji kn-aut-name=山川純次 kn-aut-sei=山川 kn-aut-mei=純次 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部地球科学科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部地球科学科 en-keyword=PM2.5 kn-keyword=PM2.5 en-keyword=Spatial statistics kn-keyword=Spatial statistics en-keyword=Kriging kn-keyword=Kriging en-keyword=R-language kn-keyword=R-language en-keyword=gstat kn-keyword=gstat en-keyword=FOSS4G kn-keyword=FOSS4G en-keyword=Google earth kn-keyword=Google earth END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=7 end-page=11 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2014 dt-pub=20141227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Paleoparadoxia from the middle Miocene of Obara, Misaki-cho, Okayama Prefecture, Japan kn-title=岡山県美咲町小原周辺に分布する中部中新統からのPaleoparadoxiaの産出報告 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=　The partially preserved left humerus of the Desmostylia (Mammalia) has been collected from the riverbed in Obara, Misaki-cho, Okayama Prefecture in the western Japan. This specimen can be classified to the genus Paleoparadoxia by the following features: the absence of the supratrochlear foramen; the curved disto-lateral border of the shaft in the antero-posterior view; the medio-laterally expanded flat trochlea of humerus. Moreover, this specimen can be referred to cf. P. media on the basis of its middle-sized dimensions. This is the second occurrence of Palaeoparadoxia from Okayama Prefecture. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FukuchiAkira en-aut-sei=Fukuchi en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=福地亮 kn-aut-sei=福地 kn-aut-mei=亮 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiShigeyuki en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Shigeyuki kn-aut-name=鈴木茂之 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=茂之 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=株式会社 阪神コンサルタンツ 川内調査事務所 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 en-keyword=Middle Miocene kn-keyword=Middle Miocene en-keyword=mammal kn-keyword=mammal en-keyword=Desmostylia kn-keyword=Desmostylia en-keyword=Paleoparadoxia kn-keyword=Paleoparadoxia END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=13 end-page=21 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2014 dt-pub=20141227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Aerosol observation at Okayama with Skyradiometer and LIDAR kn-title=スカイラジオメーターとライダーを用いた岡山上空のエアロゾル観測 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=　Aerosol is one of the controlling parameter for the global climate and also effects on local health hazards. The measurement of the aerosol was originally carried out as in-situ sampling and mass weight measurement including chemical analysis. Recently, remote sensing method is applied as satellite remote sensing and surface based remote sensing. Skyradiometer and LIDAR are surface based remote sensing system. Skyradiometer measures solar radiation as direct and scattered solar radiation affected by aerosols. LIDAR emit laser beam upward and it is backscattered by overlying aerosols. The backscattered light is received by a telescope and vertical distributions of the aerosols are obtained. These measurements require atmospheric radiation physics. 　A Skyradiometer and a LIDAR were operated continuously at Okayama University campus and aerosol parameters were obtained from both of the system. Seasonal variations of the AOT (Aerosol Optical Thickness) and Angstrom parameter (α) are evaluated. During some dust events (e.g. yellow sand and PM2.5), time variations of these parameters were identified from both of the measurement system. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NagamatsuSinpei en-aut-sei=Nagamatsu en-aut-mei=Sinpei kn-aut-name=永松慎平 kn-aut-sei=永松 kn-aut-mei=慎平 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=EgawaDaiki en-aut-sei=Egawa en-aut-mei=Daiki kn-aut-name=江川大貴 kn-aut-sei=江川 kn-aut-mei=大貴 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsukamotoOsamu en-aut-sei=Tsukamoto en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name=塚本修 kn-aut-sei=塚本 kn-aut-mei=修 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 en-keyword=Aerosol kn-keyword=Aerosol en-keyword=Skyradiometer kn-keyword=Skyradiometer en-keyword=LIDAR kn-keyword=LIDAR en-keyword=Aerosol Optical Thickness (AOT) kn-keyword=Aerosol Optical Thickness (AOT) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=23 end-page=32 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2014 dt-pub=20141227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=A preliminary study on the seasonal cycles of the cyclone activity and the large-scale fields in Europe at the viewpoint comparing with those in East Asia kn-title=東アジアとの比較の視点でみたヨーロッパにおける低気圧活動と広域場の季節サイクル（序報） en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=　Preliminary analyses on the seasonal cycles of the large-scale atmospheric mean fields and the cyclone activity in Europe were performed based mainly on the NCEP/NCAR re-analysis data, at the viewpoint comparing with those in East Asia. 　As for the climatological monthly mean fields (1981~2010), the meridional temperature gradient in East Asia presents striking seasonal change with the maximum in winter and the minimum in summer. It is interesting that such transition from winter to summer and that from summer to winter occur rather rapidly accompanied by the great temperature increase around April to June and the decrease around October to November, respectively, in a wide region of 40~70N. On the other hand, the temperature gradient in Europe is significantly smaller with slight seasonal change than that in East Asian winter. 　By the way, in spite of the above difference of the horizontal temperature gradient between Europe and East Asia, the cyclone activity does not seem to be so weak even around Europe. Thus, the seasonal cycles of the characteristics of the cyclones and their environmental fields around Europe were examined. At the first step, we analyzed the daily cyclone activity in Europe for January and July of 2000. Many low pressure centers at the surface level appeared in both January and July. Referring also to the daily maps of sea level pressure and geopotential height at 500 hPa level, we found that not only the cyclones corresponding to the baroclinic instability waves, but also to the cold vortices which amplitudes increased with height appeared frequently. Moreover, it is interesting that the large-scale cold vortex, which embeds the shortwave trough with the low center at the surface level, appeared in the northern Europe in July as in East Asian winter, when such multi-scale systems sometimes bring the persisting heavy snowfall events in the Japan Sea side of the Japan Islands. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakigawaYumi en-aut-sei=Takigawa en-aut-mei=Yumi kn-aut-name=瀧川優実 kn-aut-sei=瀧川 kn-aut-mei=優実 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HagaYuichi en-aut-sei=Haga en-aut-mei=Yuichi kn-aut-name=垪和優一 kn-aut-sei=垪和 kn-aut-mei=優一 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoKengo en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Kengo kn-aut-name=松本健吾 kn-aut-sei=松本 kn-aut-mei=健吾 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoKuranoshin en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Kuranoshin kn-aut-name=加藤内藏進 kn-aut-sei=加藤 kn-aut-mei=内藏進 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学教育学部（理科） affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科自然教育学系（理科） affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学教育学部（理科） affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科自然教育学系（理科） en-keyword=seasonal cycle kn-keyword=seasonal cycle en-keyword=cyclone activity kn-keyword=cyclone activity en-keyword=Europe and East Asia kn-keyword=Europe and East Asia END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=33 end-page=43 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2014 dt-pub=20141227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Precipitation characteristics and large-scale atmospheric fields on the heavy rainfall days in the eastern part of Japan (Climatological features in midsummer and the supplemental study for the Baiu season) kn-title=東日本の大雨日の降水特性や総観場の解析（盛夏期の気候学的特徴と梅雨最盛期に関する補遺） en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=　Rainfall characteristics and large-scale atmospheric fields on the “heavy rainfall days” (with more than 50mm/day) in midsummer, and so on, at Tokyo in the eastern Japan were examined for 1971 to 2010, succeeding to Matsumoto et al. (2013) 　The present study firstly examined the rainfall features and the atmospheric fields for the “heavy rainfall days” at Tokyo with rather lower appearance frequency than in the typhoon related patterns in Matsumoto et al. (2013) and so on. In these cases (three cases in total), although the synoptic situations were rather different among each other, they seem to occur under the systems with relatively small zonal scale associated with the great meander of the upper-level westerly wind. 　Next, the climatological analyses similar to Matsumoto et al. (2013) were performed for the "heavy rain days" at Tokyo in midsummer (1~31 August). The precipitation on the “heavy rainfall days” at Tokyo in midsummer was mainly brought by the intense rainfall with more than 10 mm/h, as in the western Japan in the mature stage of the Baiu season. The detailed examination of the rainfall features for the case on 10 August 2009, with use of the 10-minutes precipitation data and the Radar AMeDAS Composite Data by the JMA, revealed that the organized meso-β-scale convective rainfall systems as often appear in the western Japan in the mature stage of the Baiu season were just to the east of the typhoon, and brought the intense rainfall at Tokyo to result in the large daily precipitation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatusmotoKengo en-aut-sei=Matusmoto en-aut-mei=Kengo kn-aut-name=松本健吾 kn-aut-sei=松本 kn-aut-mei=健吾 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoKuranoshin en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Kuranoshin kn-aut-name=加藤内藏進 kn-aut-sei=加藤 kn-aut-mei=内藏進 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtaniKazuo en-aut-sei=Otani en-aut-mei=Kazuo kn-aut-name=大谷和男 kn-aut-sei=大谷 kn-aut-mei=和男 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学教育学部（理科） affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科自然教育学系（理科） affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 en-keyword=rainfall characteristics in eastern Japan kn-keyword=rainfall characteristics in eastern Japan en-keyword=heavy rainfall in eastern Japan in the Baiu and midsummer seasons kn-keyword=heavy rainfall in eastern Japan in the Baiu and midsummer seasons en-keyword=rainfall climatology kn-keyword=rainfall climatology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2014 dt-pub=20141227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=岡山大学地球科学研究報告 投稿規定（約款） en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-sei=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2014 dt-pub=20141227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=裏表紙・目次 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-sei=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=22 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2015 dt-pub=20151227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=表紙・英文目次 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-sei=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=22 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=7 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2015 dt-pub=20151227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The effect of the seismic attenuation on the S-wave polarization anisotropy kn-title=地震波の減衰がS 波偏向異方性に及ぼす影響 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We investigate the effect of the seismic attenuation on the shear-wave polarization anisotropy by numerical experiments. For the experiments, the P-wave receiver functions are synthesized by assuming that a plane P wave is incident on an anisotropic multi-layer structure with anelastic properties. The synthetic receiver function shows smooth Ps phase waveforms with small amplitudes due to the attenuation of high-frequency spectral components, compared to that calculated for a multi-layer structure with perfect elasticity. From the shear-wave splitting of the Ps converted phases in the synthetic receiver functions, the S-wave polarization anisotropies for the anisotropic layers are measured as a function of propagation direction of the incident P wave. Consequently, we conclude that the seismic attenuation has a minor influence on the measurements of the S-wave polarization anisotropy. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OdaHitoshi en-aut-sei=Oda en-aut-mei=Hitoshi kn-aut-name=小田仁 kn-aut-sei=小田 kn-aut-mei=仁 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部地球科学科 en-keyword=shear-wave polarization anisotropy kn-keyword=shear-wave polarization anisotropy en-keyword=shear-wave splitting kn-keyword=shear-wave splitting en-keyword=seismic attenuation kn-keyword=seismic attenuation en-keyword=Psconverted phase kn-keyword=Psconverted phase en-keyword=P-wave receiver function kn-keyword=P-wave receiver function END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=22 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=9 end-page=23 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2015 dt-pub=20151227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Application of simulated annealing to focal mechanism determination kn-title=焼きなまし法による初動発震機構解の決定 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Simulated annealing (SA) is known as one of the efficient methods for global optimization. It allows for getting an optimal solution by jumping out of local minimum. In this paper, we apply the simulated annealing to determination of focal mechanism solution. To investigate the feasibility of the application, we determine focal mechanism solution of the 14 March 2014 Iyo-Nada intermediatedepth earthquake. The computation of SA method is then 1278 times faster than that of the grid search method. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KomatsuMasanao en-aut-sei=Komatsu en-aut-mei=Masanao kn-aut-name=小松正直 kn-aut-sei=小松 kn-aut-mei=正直 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakenakaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Takenaka en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=竹中博士 kn-aut-sei=竹中 kn-aut-mei=博士 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 en-keyword=focal mechanism solution kn-keyword=focal mechanism solution END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=22 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=25 end-page=30 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2015 dt-pub=20151227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Petrography of foundation stones of the Bizen Kokubunji Temple, Okayama Prefecture, Japan ―an attempt to identify their collected site― kn-title=備前国分寺礎石の岩石特徴と産地の推定 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The Bizen Kokubunji Temple was constructed in the 8th century, in Maya, Akaiwa City, Okayama. Only foundation stones are preserved. Geological characteristics of the foundation stones suggest that they are collected from mountain area of Maya, about 300 to 800m west from the site. The similarity of the foundation stones and the rocks Maya are identified by the following characteristics. 1) Assemblage of rock types (high grade welded tuff breccia, tuff breccia, tuffaceous sandstone and conglomerate) are the same. 2) Lithology of the 3 rock type of the foundation stones and the rocks from Maya are the same. 3) Rheomorphic flow structures are developed in both high grade welded tuff breccia. 4)Mudstone fragments are contained in both high grade welded tuff breccia tuff breccia. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SuzukiShigeyuki en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Shigeyuki kn-aut-name=鈴木茂之 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=茂之 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishimuraNorihide en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Norihide kn-aut-name=西村仁秀 kn-aut-sei=西村 kn-aut-mei=仁秀 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ArigaYuji en-aut-sei=Ariga en-aut-mei=Yuji kn-aut-name=有賀祐史 kn-aut-sei=有賀 kn-aut-mei=祐史 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=応用地質株式会社 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山県赤磐市教育委員会 en-keyword=Bizen Kokubunji Temple kn-keyword=Bizen Kokubunji Temple en-keyword=foundation stone kn-keyword=foundation stone en-keyword=collected site kn-keyword=collected site en-keyword=Okayama kn-keyword=Okayama END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=22 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2015 dt-pub=20151227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Title Page en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-sei=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=22 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=31 end-page=39 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2015 dt-pub=20151227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Facies analysis of the Jito Formation ( Upper Triassic Nariwa Group ) in Jito Area, Kawakami, Okayama Pref., SWJapan. kn-title=岡山県川上町地頭地域における上部三畳系成羽層群地頭層の層相解析 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Facies analysis and analysis of stratigraphy together with folded structure of the Norian Jito Formation were studied in Jito Area, Kawakami, Okayama Pref., SW Japan. Results of regional mapping and measured sections reconstruct three-dimensionally distribution of the Jito Formation. The Jito Formation is sub-divided into the four new members; the Shimohira Muddy Sandstone Member, the Otofuji Coarse-grained Turbidite Member, the Misawa Fine-grained Turbidaite Member, and the Ide Conglomerate Sandstone Member in ascending order. The shimohira Muddy Sandstone Member is interpreted to be deposited in an inner-bay. The Otofuji Coarse-grained Turbidite Member and The Misawa Fine-grained Turbidite Member are considered to be deposited on a continental shelf. The Ide Conglomerate Sandstone Member is inferred to be a shallow marine deposit. As a result, the Jito Formation is regarded as one transgressive-regressive package. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MasaokaYuto en-aut-sei=Masaoka en-aut-mei=Yuto kn-aut-name=正岡祐人 kn-aut-sei=正岡 kn-aut-mei=祐人 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiShigeyuki en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Shigeyuki kn-aut-name=鈴木茂之 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=茂之 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究 en-keyword=Jito Formation kn-keyword=Jito Formation en-keyword=Nariwa Group kn-keyword=Nariwa Group en-keyword=Norian kn-keyword=Norian en-keyword=facies analysis kn-keyword=facies analysis en-keyword=turbidite kn-keyword=turbidite END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=22 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2015 dt-pub=20151227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=岡山大学地球科学研究報告 投稿規定（約款） en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-sei=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=22 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2015 dt-pub=20151227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=裏表紙・目次 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-sei=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=23 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2016 dt-pub=20161227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=表紙・英文目次 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-sei=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=23 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2016 dt-pub=20161227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Title Page en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-sei=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=23 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=7 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2016 dt-pub=20161227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Risk prediction of landslide and debris flow using slope gradation map obtained from airborne laser scanning kn-title=航空レーザ傾斜量図を用いた斜面・土石流危険箇所抽出の試み en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= The slope gradation map which is obtained from airborne laser scanning is very important tool to detect hazardous sites of landslide, debris flow and others. The features of the images (what the images are represented) in the map were confirmed by field survey. The study area, Tamagashi is situated in the Kibi Plateau area, Okayama City, Japan. The map helps to distinguish between artificial microrelief and natural microtopography very well. Small scarps (even 0.5m high), rocky cliffs and large blocks (larger than 2m) are identified in the map. The detail images of the microrelief suggest threatening sites. The merit of the map leads us to find the site in the field easily. We will not miss the threatening sites by using the map. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SuzukiShigeyuki en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Shigeyuki kn-aut-name=鈴木茂之 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=茂之 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyashitaMasashi en-aut-sei=Miyashita en-aut-mei=Masashi kn-aut-name=宮下征士 kn-aut-sei=宮下 kn-aut-mei=征士 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirakawaTakeshi en-aut-sei=Hirakawa en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name=平川武 kn-aut-sei=平川 kn-aut-mei=武 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiwaraMieko en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Mieko kn-aut-name=藤原身江子 kn-aut-sei=藤原 kn-aut-mei=身江子 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiyamaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Nishiyama en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name=西山哲 kn-aut-sei=西山 kn-aut-mei=哲 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 affil-num=2 en-affil=WESCO co. kn-affil=株式会社ウエスコ affil-num=3 en-affil=WESCO co. kn-affil=株式会社ウエスコ affil-num=4 en-affil=WESCO co. kn-affil=株式会社ウエスコ affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院環境生命科学研究科 en-keyword=Risk prediction kn-keyword=Risk prediction en-keyword=slope gradation map kn-keyword=slope gradation map en-keyword=airborne laser scanning kn-keyword=airborne laser scanning en-keyword= landslide kn-keyword= landslide en-keyword=debris flow kn-keyword=debris flow en-keyword=Okayama kn-keyword=Okayama END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=23 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=9 end-page=15 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2016 dt-pub=20161227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Prelithification shear structures of mélange unit in Shiofuki-iwa area, the upper Cretaceous Shimanto Belt, Wakayama Prefecture, Japan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= Analyzing of sedimentary facies and structure together with regional field mapping were studied in the mélange unit, upper Cretaceous Shimanto Belt, Wakayama Pref., SW Japan. The field survey was concentrated in the coast of Shiofuki-iwa, Miyama Complex, Hidakagawa Belt where soft deformations penetrate throughout the mélange unit. Brittle to ductile faults associated as later deformations are excluded. The mélange unit is subdivided into the Y-shear zone (YSZ) and P-foliation zone (PFZ). The YSZ is composed of thick lenticular sandstone (trends subparallel to the direction of the mélange), intense shear band (thin layer with concentrated prelithification shear deformation) and mudstone dominant mélange. The PFZ is composed of mudstone dominant mélange (associated with foliations which slightly oblique to the direction of the YSZ) and lenticular sandstone (slightly oblique to the direction of the YSZ). The intense shear band separates the YSZ and PFZ. Preserved radiolarian fossils free from deformation in the intense shear band is the evidence of the prelithification shear deformation in the mélange. A remarkable-fact is that the structures of mélange unit are formed under sinistral sense of shear. The mélange unit in the Shiofuki-iwa is ascribed to be formed by sinistral sense of shear during sediments were prelithified. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakesueNorito en-aut-sei=Takesue en-aut-mei=Norito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiShigeyuki en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Shigeyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=mélange kn-keyword=mélange en-keyword=Shimanto Belt kn-keyword=Shimanto Belt en-keyword=Y-shear zone kn-keyword=Y-shear zone en-keyword=P-foliation zone kn-keyword=P-foliation zone en-keyword=intense shear band kn-keyword=intense shear band en-keyword=prelithification structures kn-keyword=prelithification structures END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=23 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=17 end-page=32 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2016 dt-pub=20161227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Synoptic climatological analyses on the rainfall features in southern Kyushu and the atmospheric fields around April kn-title=九州南部における4月頃の大雨日の降水の特徴と 大気場に関する総観気候学的解析 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= Around April, total precipitation in southern Kyushu already attains rather large value due to the increase in contribution of the “heavy rainfall days” (with daily precipitation more the 50 mm/day, referred to as HRD). The present study examined the rainfall features and atmospheric conditions on the HRDs at Kagoshima in southern Kyushu, based on the operational observation data from 1990 to 2009. The HRDs there in April appeared mainly associated with the extratropical cyclone passage, together with tentative appearance of the stationary front. The mean daily precipitation on the HRDs was 82 mm and contribution of the intense rainfall more than 10 mm/h attained up to 38 mm, which accounted for 46 % of the daily total precipitation. In April, the high specific humidity area in the time mean field was still located far to the south of the Japan Islands and the stratification around the Japan Islands was very stable for deep moist convection. However, the zone with rather strong seasonal mean baroclinicity extended to rather southern area near 20°N. This would provide a favorable condition for the long-distance moistur en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KatoKuranoshin en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Kuranoshin kn-aut-name=加藤内藏進 kn-aut-sei=加藤 kn-aut-mei=内藏進 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorizukaNozomi en-aut-sei=Morizuka en-aut-mei=Nozomi kn-aut-name=森塚望 kn-aut-sei=森塚 kn-aut-mei=望 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=Matsumoto(Kengo en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=(Kengo kn-aut-name=松本健吾 kn-aut-sei=松本 kn-aut-mei=健吾 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtaniKazuo en-aut-sei=Otani en-aut-mei=Kazuo kn-aut-name=大谷和男 kn-aut-sei=大谷 kn-aut-mei=和男 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Education, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学院教育研究科自然系 （理科 ） affil-num=2 en-affil=Faculty of Education, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学教育部 （理科 ） affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Education, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学院教育研究科自然系 （理科 ） affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学院自然科学研究科 en-keyword=heavy rainfall around April in southern Kyushu kn-keyword=heavy rainfall around April in southern Kyushu en-keyword=rainfall associated with extratropical cyclones around the Japan Islands kn-keyword=rainfall associated with extratropical cyclones around the Japan Islands en-keyword=seasonal cycle around Japan kn-keyword=seasonal cycle around Japan END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=23 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=33 end-page=42 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2016 dt-pub=20161227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=A case study on the cyclone activity around Europe from winter to spring of 2000 kn-title=ヨーロッパの冬から春にかけての 低気圧活動に関する事例解析（2000年を例に） en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= Although the extratropical cyclone is one of the basic systems that characterize the weather and climate in mid-latitude regions with the large meridional temperature gradient, its activity and characteristics would be greatly influenced by the seasonal transition and regional differences of the mean atmospheric fields such as between Europe and East Asia. Furthermore, detailed knowledge of the daily cyclone activity would help to understand deeply the differences of regional climatology including seasonal cycles among various areas. In such interest, the present study performed a case study on the cyclone activity around Europe from winter to spring of 2000. In winter, intraseasonal variation of the Icelandic Low was dominant. In the stage when such intraseasonal-scale Icelandic Low approached to the northwestern Europe, the several lows passed eastward with a few days interval around the intraseasonal-scale low pressure area or its southern edge where the baroclinicity was relatively strong. It is also noted that their center pressure was rather low (below 980hPa). After April, when the seasonal mean Icelandic low had disappeared, different types of the intra-seasonal-scale cyclones and anticyclones were dominantly observed. In the lower SLP stage of the intraseasonal variation in Europe, the low to the southwest of England in the middle of April was of the equivalent barotropic structure and persisted for about ten days. On the other hand, high pressure area extending from England to the northern coast of Germany also persisted for about half month. The southern half of that high area was also of equivalent barotropic structure with warmer air there. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KuwanaYusuke en-aut-sei=Kuwana en-aut-mei=Yusuke kn-aut-name=桑名佑典 kn-aut-sei=桑名 kn-aut-mei=佑典 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoKuranoshin en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Kuranoshin kn-aut-name=加藤内藏進 kn-aut-sei=加藤 kn-aut-mei=内藏進 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakigawaYumi en-aut-sei=Takigawa en-aut-mei=Yumi kn-aut-name=瀧川優実 kn-aut-sei=瀧川 kn-aut-mei=優実 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KojimaYumi en-aut-sei=Kojima en-aut-mei=Yumi kn-aut-name=小嶋ゆう実 kn-aut-sei=小嶋 kn-aut-mei=ゆう実 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtaniKazuo en-aut-sei=Otani en-aut-mei=Kazuo kn-aut-name=大谷和男 kn-aut-sei=大谷 kn-aut-mei=和男 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Faculty of Education, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学教育部 （理科 ） affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Education, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学院教育研究科自然系 （理科 ） affil-num=3 en-affil=Faculty of Education, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学教育部 （理科 ） affil-num=4 en-affil=Faculty of Education, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学教育部 （理科 ） affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学院自然科学研究科 en-keyword=cyclone activity around Europe kn-keyword=cyclone activity around Europe en-keyword=comparative climatology between Europe and East Asia kn-keyword=comparative climatology between Europe and East Asia en-keyword=seasonal cycle kn-keyword=seasonal cycle en-keyword=dynamic climatology kn-keyword=dynamic climatology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=23 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2016 dt-pub=20161227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=岡山大学地球科学研究報告 投稿規定（約款） en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-sei=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=23 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2016 dt-pub=20161227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=裏表紙・目次 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-sei=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2017 dt-pub=20171227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=表紙・英文目次 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-sei=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2017 dt-pub=20171227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Title Page en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-sei=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=4 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2017 dt-pub=20171227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Rounded pebble of metamorphosed iron-formations from conglomerate of the Miocene deposits in Yatakayama, Kibi Plateau, Okayama Prefecture kn-title=岡山県吉備高原弥高山地域に分布する中新統礫岩から変成鉄鉱石礫の発見 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= The Kibi Plateau was a part of the Eurasian Continent and separated by the event of opening of Japan Sea. The rounded pebble which is considered to be continental origin was discovered. The pebble is siliceous and attracts magnets. Prepared thin-sections were observed under microscope. Selected minerals were analyzed by EPMA. The rock is composed of recrystallized quartz, magnetite, riebeckite, stilpnomelane and associated with very tiny minerals with very high relief and interference colors. The assemblage suggests that there is a possibility that the rock is a metamorphic rock of iron-formations and derived from continent. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SuzukiShigeyuki en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Shigeyuki kn-aut-name=鈴木茂之 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=茂之 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=小網晴男 en-aut-sei=小網 en-aut-mei=晴男 kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=臼井まゆみ en-aut-sei=臼井 en-aut-mei=まゆみ kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 affil-num=2 en-affil=Okayama Prefectural Okayama Asahi Senior High School kn-affil=岡山県立岡山朝日高等学校 affil-num=3 en-affil=Fujigakuin-Okayama kn-affil=富士学院 en-keyword=Continental origin kn-keyword=Continental origin en-keyword=Miocene conglomerate kn-keyword=Miocene conglomerate en-keyword=rounded pebble kn-keyword=rounded pebble en-keyword=iron-formations kn-keyword=iron-formations en-keyword=Kibi Plateau kn-keyword=Kibi Plateau END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=5 end-page=18 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2017 dt-pub=20171227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Interdisciplinary class for high school students on the climate environment around Japan and "seasonal feeling" expressed in the school songs with attention to the asymmetric seasonal march from autumn to the next spring kn-title=日本の気候環境と愛唱歌などにみる季節感に関する高校での学際的授業の開発（冬を挟む日本の季節進行の非対称性に注目して） en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= This study is a part of the activity to develop an interdisciplinary lesson plan for high school students on the climate environment around Japan and the "seasonal feeling". This time, we focused our attention to the asymmetric seasonal march from autumn to the next spring as proposed by Kato et al. (2013). Comparison of the climate between early winter and early spring was made in the class not only on that around the Japan but also on the relation to the larger-scale systems such as the Siberian air mass, including the brief data analysis. The students also compared the detailed "seasonal feeling" between the two seasons expressed in the school songs and the Japanese classic poems called "Wa-Ka". This paper reports the contents and results of this joint activity at the two high schools. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KatoKuranoshin en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Kuranoshin kn-aut-name=加藤内藏進 kn-aut-sei=加藤 kn-aut-mei=内藏進 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoHaruko en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Haruko kn-aut-name=加藤晴子 kn-aut-sei=加藤 kn-aut-mei=晴子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyakeShoji en-aut-sei=Miyake en-aut-mei=Shoji kn-aut-name=三宅昭二 kn-aut-sei=三宅 kn-aut-mei=昭二 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriTaizo en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=Taizo kn-aut-name=森泰三 kn-aut-sei=森 kn-aut-mei=泰三 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Education, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科（理科） affil-num=2 en-affil=Faculty of Education, Gufu Shotoku Gakuen University kn-affil=岐阜聖徳学園大学教育学部（音楽） affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Education, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科（理科） affil-num=4 en-affil=Okayama-Ichinomiya High School kn-affil=岡山県一宮高等学校（地理） en-keyword= Interdisciplinary activity on climate and cultural understanding education kn-keyword= Interdisciplinary activity on climate and cultural understanding education en-keyword= Climate environment around Japan kn-keyword= Climate environment around Japan en-keyword=Seasonal cycle and "seasonal feeling" kn-keyword=Seasonal cycle and "seasonal feeling" en-keyword=Asymmetric seasonal march from autumn to the next spring kn-keyword=Asymmetric seasonal march from autumn to the next spring en-keyword=ESD kn-keyword=ESD END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2017 dt-pub=20171227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=岡山大学地球科学研究報告 投稿規定（約款） en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-sei=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2017 dt-pub=20171227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=裏表紙・目次 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-sei=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2018 dt-pub=20181227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=表紙・英文目次 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2018 dt-pub=20181227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Title Page en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=5 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2018 dt-pub=20181227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Non-calcareous beachrock found in Akagurisaki, Ohi Town, Fukui Prefecture kn-title=福井県おおい町赤礁崎で見出された非石灰質ビーチロック en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= Beachrock which was formed about 0.5 meter higher than high tide is found in Akagurisaki, Ohi Town, Fukui Prefecture. The outcrops always get wet by spring water. The sediments are composed of well sorted rounded gravels and sands but calcareous shell is not found at all. Intergranular space is occupied by white amorphous cement. Magnesium and silicon rich composition of the cement is obtained by EPMA analysis. There is a conjecture that the magnesium rich cement was precipitated in spite of solution of calcareous shell under saturated state by spring water, because calcium has a higher tendency to ionize than magnesium. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SuzukiShigeyuki en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Shigeyuki kn-aut-name=鈴木茂之 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=茂之 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=AzumaYoichi en-aut-sei=Azuma en-aut-mei=Yoichi kn-aut-name=東洋一 kn-aut-sei=東 kn-aut-mei=洋一 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=DeyamaYasuyo en-aut-sei=Deyama en-aut-mei=Yasuyo kn-aut-name=出山康代 kn-aut-sei=出山 kn-aut-mei=康代 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YukawaHirokazu en-aut-sei=Yukawa en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=湯川弘一 kn-aut-sei=湯川 kn-aut-mei=弘一 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=UsuiMayumi en-aut-sei=Usui en-aut-mei=Mayumi kn-aut-name=臼井まゆみ kn-aut-sei=臼井 kn-aut-mei=まゆみ aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 affil-num=2 en-affil=平寺町松岡兼定島 4-1-1 ** kn-affil=福井県立大学恐竜学研究所 affil-num=3 en-affil=平寺町松岡兼定島 4-1-1 ** kn-affil=福井県立大学恐竜学研究所 affil-num=4 en-affil=Fukui Prefectural Dinosaur Museum kn-affil=福井県立恐竜博物館 affil-num=5 en-affil=Fujigakuin-Okayama kn-affil=富士学院 en-keyword=Beachrock kn-keyword=Beachrock en-keyword=Akagurisaki kn-keyword=Akagurisaki en-keyword=non-calcareous cement kn-keyword=non-calcareous cement en-keyword=ionization tendency kn-keyword=ionization tendency END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=7 end-page=17 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2018 dt-pub=20181227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Synoptic climatological analyses on the large day-to-day variation of air temperature around Germany in winter (Relating to the “seasonal feeling” in “Fasnacht”, the festival for driving the winter away) kn-title=ドイツ付近の冬における日々の大きな気温変動に関する総観気候学的解析（冬の追い出しの行事「ファスナハト」における季節感に関連して） en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= Synoptic climatological analyses associated with the large day-to-day variation of air temperature around Germany in winter were performed based mainly on the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data for 2000/2001 to 2010/2011 winters, with an interest in the relationship to the “seasonal feeling” in “Fasnacht”, the festival for driving the winter away. The intermittent appearance of the extremely cold days with rather large day-to-day variation in winter as pointed out by Kato et al. (2017) for around Germany was seen also to the north and to the east of Germany. According to a case study for the 2000/2001 winter, such large daily mean temperature fluctuation was closely related to the intraseasonal variation of the Icelandic low with about one month period, i.e., while the temperature around Germany was relatively higher at the eastward shift phase of the Icelandic low due to the strong warm air advection by the SW-ly wind, the temperature was extremely low there when the Icelandic low was weakened and retreated westward. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HamakiTatsuya en-aut-sei=Hamaki en-aut-mei=Tatsuya kn-aut-name=濱木達也 kn-aut-sei=濱木 kn-aut-mei=達也 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoKuranoshin en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Kuranoshin kn-aut-name=加藤内藏進 kn-aut-sei=加藤 kn-aut-mei=内藏進 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtaniKazuo en-aut-sei=Otani en-aut-mei=Kazuo kn-aut-name=大谷和男 kn-aut-sei=大谷 kn-aut-mei=和男 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoHaruko en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Haruko kn-aut-name=加藤晴子 kn-aut-sei=加藤 kn-aut-mei=晴子 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoKengo en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Kengo kn-aut-name=松本健吾 kn-aut-sei=松本 kn-aut-mei=健吾 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Education, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科 affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Education, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科 affil-num=3 en-affil=TV Setouchi Broadcasting Co., LTD. kn-affil=テレビせとうち(株) affil-num=4 en-affil=Faculty of Education, Gifu Shotoku Gakuen University kn-affil=岐阜聖徳学園大学教育学部 affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 en-keyword=Comparative climatology kn-keyword=Comparative climatology en-keyword=Climate around Europe kn-keyword=Climate around Europe en-keyword=Synoptic climatology on daily temperature variation in winter around Germany kn-keyword=Synoptic climatology on daily temperature variation in winter around Germany en-keyword=seasonal cycle and “seasonal feeling” kn-keyword=seasonal cycle and “seasonal feeling” END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=19 end-page=30 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2018 dt-pub=20181227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Development of an interdisciplinary study plan on the seasonal transition from autumn to winter around the Japan Islands (Through the lesson study at junior high school with attention to the shallow convective rainfall “Shi-gu-re” in the cold air outbreak situations in early winter) kn-title=日本の秋から冬への季節の変化を捉える学際的指導法の開発（初冬の時雨に注目した附属中学校での実践） en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= An interdisciplinary study plan on the seasonal transition from autumn to winter around the Japan Islands and the “seasonal feeling” associated with the shallow convective rainfall “Shi-gu-re” in that stage expressed in the Japanese classic poems called “Wa-ka” was developed, through a lesson study at junior high school. In that study plan, special attention was paid to the seasonal evolution of the larger-scale systems from autumn to winter, such as the Siberian air mass and the Siberian high, and the relation to the cold air intrusion into the Japan Sea and the Japan Islands. According to the analysis of the lesson practice results, students seem to understand that the winter-type weather pattern becomes dominant around November, together with the features of the intermittent rainfall in the winter-type pressure pattern called “Shi-gu-re” expressed in the “Wa-ka”. However, necessity of further improvement of the study plan was pointed out, so that the students can understand more exactly the role of the seasonal development of the Siberian high and Siberian air mass in the climate around the Japan Islands. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KatoKuranoshin en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Kuranoshin kn-aut-name=加藤内藏進 kn-aut-sei=加藤 kn-aut-mei=内藏進 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishikawaSari en-aut-sei=Nishikawa en-aut-mei=Sari kn-aut-name=西川紗里 kn-aut-sei=西川 kn-aut-mei=紗里 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakakuraToshimi en-aut-sei=Nakakura en-aut-mei=Toshimi kn-aut-name=中倉智美 kn-aut-sei=中倉 kn-aut-mei=智美 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Education, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Attached Junior High School of Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学教育学部附属中学校 en-keyword=Interdisciplinary collaboration between climate and cultural understanding education kn-keyword=Interdisciplinary collaboration between climate and cultural understanding education en-keyword=Climate environment around Japan kn-keyword=Climate environment around Japan en-keyword=Transition from autumn to winter around Japan kn-keyword=Transition from autumn to winter around Japan en-keyword=“Seasonal feeling” in early winter expressed in the Japanese classic literature kn-keyword=“Seasonal feeling” in early winter expressed in the Japanese classic literature en-keyword=ESD kn-keyword=ESD END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=31 end-page=38 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2018 dt-pub=20181227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A new method of terrace analysis to determine precise altitudes of former shoreline en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= The study area is situated in Japan Sea side margin of the Shakotan Peninsula, Hokkaido, Japan, where MIS5e Terrace is preserved along the cost. Numbers of tight drilling have done to establish new method for terrace analysis. Buried wave cut terrace and sea cliff (when the MIS5e Terrace was formed) are reconstructed by distribution of the terrace deposits and these bottom of unconformity planes. The precise site and altitude of former shoreline was also obtained. Altitudes of the former shoreline from the 7 sections are almost the same 22 to 27m in height. Previous data of the height of shoreline are obtained from the topographic MIS5e Terrace surface. The altitudes have variation from 30m to 60m. It suggests that the traditional method for the MIS5e terrace analysis had some errors in the study area. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AmanoHideki en-aut-sei=Amano en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiShigeyuki en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Shigeyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoMasaru en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Masaru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanagidaMakoto en-aut-sei=Yanagida en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Hanshin Consultants Co., Ltd., kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Hanshin Consultants Co., Ltd., kn-affil= en-keyword=MIS5e kn-keyword=MIS5e en-keyword=marine terrace kn-keyword=marine terrace en-keyword=terrace deposits kn-keyword=terrace deposits en-keyword=tight drilling kn-keyword=tight drilling en-keyword=shoreline kn-keyword=shoreline END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=39 end-page=48 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2018 dt-pub=20181227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=U-Pb single grain zircon ages for Sanbagawa Metamorphic Rocks in central Shikoku (Japan): the Sanbagawa Belt re-united en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= The high-P/low-T Sanbagawa Metamorphic Belt that traverses SW Japan, has been subdivided into two belts thought to have been metamorphosed at ca. 120 Ma and at ca. 65 Ma (‘Sanbagawa Metamorphic Rocks’ and ‘Shimanto Metamorphic Rocks’). The subdivision was based on the assumption that metamorphism occurred at ca. 116 Ma, largely based on an early Rb-Sr isotope study and zircon data obtained for the eclogite unit of the Sanbagawa Belt, whereas in some parts of the belt detrital zircons of late Cretaceous age (90-80 Ma) were discovered. Analysis of detrital zircons sampled from two sites within the area considered to expose the older ‘Sanbagawa Metamorphic Rocks’, including the area investigated by the Rb-Sr study, reveals the presence of zircons younger than 95 Ma in all samples and some grains as young as 80 ± 4 Ma. It is therefore concluded that the Sanbagawa Belt is one single tectonic entity that formed in the Late Cretaceous though it contains older components, including fossiliferous clasts, older basic meta-volcanics and eclogite units that may record earlier metamorphic events. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KnittelUlrich en-aut-sei=Knittel en-aut-mei=Ulrich kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=WaliaMonika en-aut-sei=Walia en-aut-mei=Monika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiShigeyuki en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Shigeyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=LeeYuan-Hsi en-aut-sei=Lee en-aut-mei=Yuan-Hsi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Clay and Interface Mineralogy, RWTH Aachen University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Geosciences, National Taiwan University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, National Chung-Cheng University kn-affil= en-keyword=U-Pb zircon dating kn-keyword=U-Pb zircon dating en-keyword=Sanbagawa Metamorphic Belt kn-keyword=Sanbagawa Metamorphic Belt en-keyword=Late Cretaceous kn-keyword=Late Cretaceous en-keyword=Asemi River kn-keyword=Asemi River END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2018 dt-pub=20181227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=岡山大学地球科学研究報告 投稿規定（約款） en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2018 dt-pub=20181227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=裏表紙・目次 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=20191227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=表紙・英文目次 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=20191227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Title Page en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=17 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=20191227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Computation of non-linear site response by the time-domain finite-difference method kn-title=時間領域差分法による表層地盤の非線形応答の計算 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= We have developed a time-domain staggered-grid finite-difference code for modeling non-linear response of a one-dimensionally inhomogeneous subsurface structure to a SH plane-wave incidence. It employs the velocity-stress formulation of elastodynamic equation for the linear part, and adopts a elastoplastic rheology model for the non-linear relation between the stress and strain. In this paper, we apply this code to four constitutive models from linear-elastic to nonlinear: (1) linear elastic model, (2) linear viscoelastic model, (3) elastoplastic model, and (4) viscoelastoplastic model, which simulate shallow sand and clay structures and are vibrated by a vertically incident SH plane-wave of Ricker wavelet, to compare the linear and the non-linear soil behaviors including low strains damping (viscoelastic effect) and/or hysteretic attenuation (non-linear effect). We also apply it to a local strong-motion record of the 2000 Western-Tottori earthquake (MW6.8). We then simulate characteristics of non-linear site response such as reduction of the spectral amplitude in the high frequency band and shift of the peak frequencies to lower frequencies. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TORIGOEYusuke en-aut-sei=TORIGOE en-aut-mei=Yusuke kn-aut-name=鳥越友輔 kn-aut-sei=鳥越 kn-aut-mei=友輔 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KOMATSUMasanao en-aut-sei=KOMATSU en-aut-mei=Masanao kn-aut-name=小松正直 kn-aut-sei=小松 kn-aut-mei=正直 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TAKENAKAHiroshi en-aut-sei=TAKENAKA en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=竹中博士 kn-aut-sei=竹中 kn-aut-mei=博士 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学理学部地球科学科 affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 en-keyword=finite-difference method kn-keyword=finite-difference method en-keyword=non-linear site response kn-keyword=non-linear site response en-keyword=strong motion kn-keyword=strong motion END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=19 end-page=24 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=20191227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Schistose fault related rocks from the Sangun Metamorphic Rocks, Kawakita area, Misaki Town, Okayama Prefecture, SW Japan kn-title=美咲町川北地域に分布する三郡変成岩から見出された片岩化した断層岩 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= The crystalline schist which is representatively exposed in the Innerside of Southwest Japan is called the Sangun Metamorphic Rocks (SMR). In Kawakita area, Misaki Town, Okayama Prefecture, schistose fault rocks which is newly described in below are intercalated in the SMR. The rocks are composed of lenticular fragments of pelitic, basic siliceous rocks and quartz vein with siliceous to pelitic matrix. The fine-grained muscovites which define schistosity penetrate the rocks. Major direction of layer which though to reflect slip plane is subparallel to the schistosity. The long axis of some fragments are slightly oblique to the schistosity. The combination of the two sets of planes is considered to be a composite planar fabric. These occurrences suggest that the rocks are fault rock before the Sangun Metamorphism and named as schistose fault rocks. Lenses of cataclasite and myronite are accompanied. Planar thin (about 10cm in thickness) brittle fault rock is also associated. These shear deformed rocks form units of layer (shear zone) of 10 to 100m in thickness, and are concordantly intercalated in the surrounded normal schists. Active periods of the shear zones had several times from before and after the event of the Sangun Metamorphism. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MATSUSHITAMirei en-aut-sei=MATSUSHITA en-aut-mei=Mirei kn-aut-name=松下実礼 kn-aut-sei=松下 kn-aut-mei=実礼 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SUZUKIShigeyuki en-aut-sei=SUZUKI en-aut-mei=Shigeyuki kn-aut-name=鈴木茂之 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=茂之 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 en-keyword=Sangun Metamorphic Rocks kn-keyword=Sangun Metamorphic Rocks en-keyword=regional metamorphism kn-keyword=regional metamorphism en-keyword=shear deformation kn-keyword=shear deformation en-keyword=schistose fault rock kn-keyword=schistose fault rock END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=25 end-page=36 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=20191227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Interdisciplinary ESD lesson study for the university students with attention to the difference of climate and seasonal feeling in “summer” among Germany, northern Europe and Japan kn-title=ドイツ・北欧と日本の「夏」の気候や季節感の違いに注目して音楽と連携した大学での学際的ESD授業開発 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= Climatological features and seasonal feeling in the season called by the same word such as “summer”would be rather different from region to region. Comparison of these features among the different regions, including the regions which are not so familiar to the students, would help to promote their fundamental ESD literacy, especially relating to the “Understanding of heterogeneous others”. Based on that concept, this paper will report an interdisciplinary lesson study for the university students on a theme how different the summertime climate and seasonal feeling among Germany, northern Europe and Japan are. In this study, the lesson practice was made in 2015 and 2018. In both classes, after the lecture on the summertime climate and seasonal feeling in these regions, the students created substitute songs with use of the melody of “Alles neu macht der Mai” (“The May makes all things new”, the same melody as a Japanese school song “Butterfly”) for the comparison between Germany and Japan. As for that between northern Europe, the melody of a Japanese school song “Furu-Sato” (“My country home”) was used for the creation of the substitute songs. It is noted that, not only the seasonal mean temperature or solar radiation condition, but also the features in association with the large day-to-day temperature variation was strongly reflected in the students’ works. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KATOKuranoshin en-aut-sei=KATO en-aut-mei=Kuranoshin kn-aut-name=加藤内藏進 kn-aut-sei=加藤 kn-aut-mei=内藏進 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KATOHaruko en-aut-sei=KATO en-aut-mei=Haruko kn-aut-name=加藤晴子 kn-aut-sei=加藤 kn-aut-mei=晴子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OTANIKazuo en-aut-sei=OTANI en-aut-mei=Kazuo kn-aut-name=大谷和男 kn-aut-sei=大谷 kn-aut-mei=和男 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MATSUMOTOKengo en-aut-sei=MATSUMOTO en-aut-mei=Kengo kn-aut-name=松本健吾 kn-aut-sei=松本 kn-aut-mei=健吾 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Education, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科 affil-num=2 en-affil=Faculty of Education, Gufu Shotoku Gakuen University kn-affil=岐阜聖徳学園大学教育学部 affil-num=3 en-affil=TV Setouchi Broadcasting Co., LTD. kn-affil=テレビせとうち(株) affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 en-keyword=Interdisciplinary collaboration between climate and cultural understanding education kn-keyword=Interdisciplinary collaboration between climate and cultural understanding education en-keyword=ESD kn-keyword=ESD en-keyword=Comparative climatology kn-keyword=Comparative climatology en-keyword=Regional difference of summer climate kn-keyword=Regional difference of summer climate END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=37 end-page=49 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=20191227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Synoptic climatological analyses of daily precipitation features and atmospheric fields in warm season relating to the precipitation difference between Kochi and Okayama characterizing the Seto Inland Sea Climate in Japan kn-title=高知・岡山間の降水量差形成に関わる暖候期の日々の降水や大気場の総観気候学的解析（瀬戸内式気候に関連して） en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= In order to re-examine the formation process of the climatological precipitation difference between Kochi (Pacific side of Shikoku District) and Okayama (Seto Inland Sea side) characterizing the Seto Island Sea Climate in warm season, synoptic climatological analyses of the daily precipitation features and atmospheric fields were performed for the warm season (April to September) of 1985 - 2015, based on the daily and hourly precipitation data and weather maps by the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA), and the NCEP/NCAR re-analysis data. The large climatological difference of precipitation at Kochi from that at Okayama throughout the warm season was greatly contributed to by the days with the precipitation difference between Kochi and Okayama (ΔPR) with greater equal to 30 mm/day. In addition, such large daily ΔPR was mainly due to the intense rainfall at Kochi with greater equal to 10mm/h throughout the warm season, except for a part of the cases in April when the “not so intense rain” with less than 10mm/h at Kochi contributed to the large ΔPR. However, it is noted that the features of the synoptic-scale atmospheric fields and possible roles of the mountain ranges in Shikoku District causing the large ΔPR were rather different among August (midsummer), September (Autumn rainfall season) and April (Spring) . en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KatoKuranoshin en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Kuranoshin kn-aut-name=加藤内藏進 kn-aut-sei=加藤 kn-aut-mei=内藏進 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SUGIMURAYuki en-aut-sei=SUGIMURA en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name=杉村裕貴 kn-aut-sei=杉村 kn-aut-mei=裕貴 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MATSUMOTOKengo en-aut-sei=MATSUMOTO en-aut-mei=Kengo kn-aut-name=松本健吾 kn-aut-sei=松本 kn-aut-mei=健吾 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Education, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科 affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Education, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科 affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 en-keyword=Daily precipitation climatology kn-keyword=Daily precipitation climatology en-keyword=Climate around Japan kn-keyword=Climate around Japan en-keyword=Seto Inland Sea Climate in Japan kn-keyword=Seto Inland Sea Climate in Japan en-keyword=Synoptic climatology kn-keyword=Synoptic climatology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=20191227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=岡山大学地球科学研究報告 投稿規定（約款） en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=20191227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=裏表紙・目次 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=20210331 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=表紙・英文目次 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=20210331 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Title Page en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=17 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=20210331 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=For development of an ESD-based teacher training program on climate change : overlooking geo-phenomena on various timescales kn-title=気候変動に関するESD教師教育開発へ向けて：様々な時間スケールの地学現象の俯瞰 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Since the recent climate change is an important topic in the context of SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals) and ESD (Education for Sustainable Development), teacher training course should produce educators with sufficient geo-literacy. In order to meet this requirement, the authors have designed a study plan that facilitates students’ better understanding of current climate change issues, which will be offered in a lecture at university by two speakers who have different specialties, paleoenvironmental science and meteorology. Summary of the lecture is as follows. At first, from the branch of paleoenvironmental science, a major cooling event at the Eocene/Oligocene boundary and the glacial-interglacial cycles in the Quaternary will be explained. We will then instruct the participants to compare these climatic events with recent global warming, in order to remind them of the extraordinary higher speed of the recent climate change than climatic events in the geological past. Followed by these global topics, climatological features in East Asia including Japan (e.g. regional/seasonal difference in climate and year-to-year variations) will be demonstrated in order to relate local issues to global ones. By these efforts, the lecture aims to cultivate students’ ability to grasp geophenomena from various aspects and understand the true nature of problems, which may contribute producing educators who can execute ESD programs. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KatoYuji en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Yuji kn-aut-name=加藤悠爾 kn-aut-sei=加藤 kn-aut-mei=悠爾 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoKuranoshin en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Kuranoshin kn-aut-name=加藤内藏進 kn-aut-sei=加藤 kn-aut-mei=内藏進 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Center for Advanced Marine Core Research, Kochi University kn-affil=高知大学 海洋コア総合研究センター affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Education, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科 en-keyword=time scales kn-keyword=time scales en-keyword=geologic events kn-keyword=geologic events en-keyword=paleoenvironmental science kn-keyword=paleoenvironmental science en-keyword=meteorology and climatology kn-keyword=meteorology and climatology en-keyword=global warming kn-keyword=global warming en-keyword=ESD kn-keyword=ESD en-keyword=SDGs kn-keyword=SDGs END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=19 end-page=27 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=20210331 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The Kibi Plateau Surface ― relationship with the Paleogene and Miocene deposits in middle western part of Okayama Prefecture, Japan ― kn-title=新・古第三系の分布に着目した岡山県中西部における 吉備高原地域の地形特性 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The Kibi Plateau Surface is associated with the Paleogene gravel river bed deposits of the Kibi Group and the Miocene marine deposits of the Katsuta Group and the Bihoku Group. These Paleogene and Miocene units are valley fill deposits. The Kibi Group is composed of formations which is deposited by more than 7 different depositional events during earliest to latest Paleogene Period. Repeated cycles of “erosion - formation of new valley system - deposition and fill up the valley” created the low relief topographic surface. The deposition of the Miocene deposits might complete the Kibi Plateau Surface. Detailed field works have done in middle western part of Okayama Prefecture. The Kibi Plateau Surface in study area is gently dipping from NW (about 600m high) to SE (about 100m high). The distributions of the Paleogene and Miocene deposits fit the surface. At the southern margin of the Kibi Plateau, the surface is a little inclined (from 400m high to 100m high) where the bottom of paleo-valleys of the Paleogene deposits are subparallel to the surface. It suggests that the gentle tilting of the Kibi Plateau is caused by an up-warping. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TanakaHajime en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Hajime kn-aut-name=田中元 kn-aut-sei=田中 kn-aut-mei=元 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiShigeyuki en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Shigeyuki kn-aut-name=鈴木茂之 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=茂之 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Fukken Co., Ltd., Okayama branch office kn-affil=復建調査設計株式会社岡山支社 affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 en-keyword=Kibi Plateau Surface kn-keyword=Kibi Plateau Surface en-keyword=Paleogene kn-keyword=Paleogene en-keyword=Neogene kn-keyword=Neogene en-keyword=Miocene kn-keyword=Miocene END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=29 end-page=38 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=20210331 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Synthetic nearfield seismograms at a subsurface position in a horizontally layered half-space kn-title=水平成層構造における地中の近地理論地震記象 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We extend the computational code of Takenaka and Sasatani (2000) for synthetic nearfield seismograms for horizontally layered elastic media, based on the reflection/transmission matrices and the discrete wavenumber summation method, to calculate seismic motion and its spatial derivatives at a subsurface position in the attenuative media. In this paper we describe the theory of this extension and show some numerical examples to verify the extended code. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakenakaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Takenaka en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=竹中博士 kn-aut-sei=竹中 kn-aut-mei=博士 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeTomotsugu en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Tomotsugu kn-aut-name=渡邉禎貢 kn-aut-sei=渡邉 kn-aut-mei=禎貢 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 en-keyword=synthetic seismogram kn-keyword=synthetic seismogram en-keyword=reflectivity method kn-keyword=reflectivity method en-keyword=layered half-space kn-keyword=layered half-space END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=39 end-page=50 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=20210331 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Estimation of displacement waveforms by baseline correction of near-fault acceleration records of the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake with median filter kn-title=メジアンフィルターを用いた2016年熊本地震の断層近傍における加速度記録の基線補正と変位波形の推定 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The 2016 Kumamoto earthquake sequence occurred on April 14 (MJMA 6.5) and April 16 (MJMA 7.3). Seismic intensity of 7 on the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) scale was observed in Mashiki Town, Kumamoto Prefecture for the both events and in Nishihara Village, Kumamoto Prefecture for the April-16 event. We estimate the displacement waveforms from these acceleration records. Since the acceleration seismograms include the long-period noise due to tilting of the ground and instrumental effects, the baseline corrections are required to derive the accurate velocity and displacement waveforms. We apply a median filter to the velocity waveforms to identify the linear trends on them due to the steplike noise on the acceleration records, and determine the time at which baseline shifts take place and the step value of each shift for the baseline correction through trial and error. Our baseline correction can successfully reconstruct the velocity and displacement waveforms from the acceleration records. The displacement waveforms show the static components consistent with the geodetic data. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WatanabeTomotsugu en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Tomotsugu kn-aut-name=渡邉禎貢 kn-aut-sei=渡邉 kn-aut-mei=禎貢 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KomatsuMasanao en-aut-sei=Komatsu en-aut-mei=Masanao kn-aut-name=小松正直 kn-aut-sei=小松 kn-aut-mei=正直 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakenakaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Takenaka en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=竹中博士 kn-aut-sei=竹中 kn-aut-mei=博士 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 en-keyword=2016 Kumamoto earthquake kn-keyword=2016 Kumamoto earthquake en-keyword=baseline correction kn-keyword=baseline correction en-keyword=median filter kn-keyword=median filter en-keyword=displacement kn-keyword=displacement END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=20210331 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=岡山大学地球科学研究報告 投稿規定（約款） en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=20210331 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=裏表紙・目次 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= END