start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=7 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1987 dt-pub=19870305 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Depth Dependency of Hardness Change of Ti-Mo Alloys en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We investigated the effects of resolved interstitial oxygen or nitrogen atoms and of quenched-in strain on the hardening of the single crystals grown from molten Ti-14 and 20wt pct Mo alloys. The aging treatment at 623K in atmosphere much more increased in the hardness of specimen surface than that in argon atmosphere. The quenched-in compressive stress enhanced age hardening due to omega formation. We surveyed in detail the hardness changes toward the center of plate-shaped single crystal. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TakemotoYoshito kn-aut-sei=Takemoto kn-aut-mei=Yoshito aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HidaMoritaka kn-aut-sei=Hida kn-aut-mei=Moritaka aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Science affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=9 end-page=19 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1987 dt-pub=19870305 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Influence of Sewage Treatment System on Water Quality in Kojima Lake en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This study dealt with the characteristics of hydrodynamics of Kojima Lake and the influence of a regional sewage treatment system in construction on the lake. Clockwise and anticlockwise circulations are caused by seasonal winds in summer and winter, respectively. The distribution of a conservative material continuously discharged off the shore of the sewage treatment plant is scarcely affected by seasonal winds and river discharges. The sewage treatment system improves the water quality of the lake except T-N. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KawaraOsami kn-aut-sei=Kawara kn-aut-mei=Osami aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=NasuKiyotaka kn-aut-sei=Nasu kn-aut-mei=Kiyotaka aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Tokyo Construction Consultants co.,Ltd. END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=21 end-page=30 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1987 dt-pub=19870305 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Car Ownership in Households en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Car ownership in households is analyzed by disaggregate behavioral modeling technique. Two models are built to analyze characteristic features of car ownership. The results are (1) The number of driver licenses in a household is, as a matter of course, most influencing on car ownership and multi-ownership. (2) Family size is the second most influencing. (3) Utilily obtainable by owning second or third car is higher in the household of primary industry than that of the other industry. (4) Inclination of household to be car owner is stronger in a sparsely inhabited zone than in a densely inhabited. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MyojinSho kn-aut-sei=Myojin kn-aut-mei=Sho aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KishinoKeiichi kn-aut-sei=Kishino kn-aut-mei=Keiichi aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=47 end-page=63 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1987 dt-pub=19870305 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Automatic Mesh Generator For 3-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The aim of this paper is to propose new automatic mesh generator for the finite element analysis of threedimensional structures consisted of plates and beams. The strategy of the proposed one is as followings; Firstly, subdivide the structure into two-dimensional and one-dimensional structural components. Secondly, generate mesh pattern for each of them, and finally combine them so that they reconstruct the original configuration. By using the proposed method the modeling of, for example, steel bridge structures for Finite Element Analysis is easily and also fastly completed. Some examples of the application of the proposed method are presented, and from the examination of the results further important informations for the design of better method are also given in this paper. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TaniguchiTakeo en-aut-sei=Taniguchi en-aut-mei=Takeo kn-aut-name=’JŒϋŒ’’j kn-aut-sei=’JŒϋ kn-aut-mei=Œ’’j aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TsurumiYasuo kn-aut-sei=Tsurumi kn-aut-mei=Yasuo aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=31 end-page=45 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1987 dt-pub=19870305 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Some Remarks on Finite Element Mesh Modeling of Crack-Tip Area en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The aim of this paper is to present some remarks on the arrangement of finte element mesh modeling of the area adjacent to the crack-tip which locates in two-dimensional area. Since the stress distribution near crack-tip is singular, the arrangement of mesh pattern and the selection of mesh type in the crack area govern the accuracy of the solution. This paper gives some informations on the arrangement of finite elements in the area which are obtained through numerous number of numerical experiments. And the effectivity of Zooming Technique for stress analysis is clarified through the experiments. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TaniguchiTakeo kn-aut-sei=Taniguchi kn-aut-mei=Takeo aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=SanadaKenji kn-aut-sei=Sanada kn-aut-mei=Kenji aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MatsumotoHajime kn-aut-sei=Matsumoto kn-aut-mei=Hajime aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MoriwakiKiyoaki kn-aut-sei=Moriwaki kn-aut-mei=Kiyoaki aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=81 end-page=91 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1986 dt-pub=19861115 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Dynamic Behavior of Sand Bed around Structure under Wave Motion en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Under the attack of storm waves, there are many destructions of coastal structures due to scouring, sinking and sliding. These types of destructions are considered to be in close relation to the dynamic behavior of sand bed around the structures. In this study the characteristics of pore water pressure and stresses in the sand bed around a breakwater under the attack of superposed waves are treated theoretically. The results show that during the crest or the trough being in front of the structure the strength of sand bed around the structure decreases notably and the unstable zone will occur. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=NagoHiroshi kn-aut-sei=Nago kn-aut-mei=Hiroshi aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MaenoShiro kn-aut-sei=Maeno kn-aut-mei=Shiro aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=31 end-page=43 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1986 dt-pub=19861115 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Surface Properties of Classical One-Component Plasma en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Surface properties of classical one-component plasma are investigated by numerical experiments on the system with periodicity in two directions perpendicular to the planar surface. The density profile, the electrostatic potential, the electric field, and the surface energy are obtained for intermediate values of the coupling parameter of bulk part r and compared with earlier experiments on spherical system. For r=10, the surface energy is almost the same as earlier result. For r =1, however, the surface energy is reduced about a factor of 2. The consistency of experimental values of the potential with the exact relation is checked and necessity of large system size is pointed out. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo kn-aut-sei=Totsuji kn-aut-mei=Hiroo aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electronics END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=17 end-page=30 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1986 dt-pub=19861115 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Computer Program of Assembly Line Balancing Considering the Performance Rate of Each Work Station en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Assembly line balancing is to assign work elements to serial work stations so as to make the work content at each station as close as possible to one limiting cycle time or pitch time, i.e., an upper time limit over every station. Until now, it is usually assumed that the performance rates of work stations are constant. But in practice the performance abilities of workers, machines or robots are varied by their own working conditions. Then the actual station times are different from standard ones, and consequently the line balance may diminish in many cases. Therefore in this paper, we propose an improved balancing method, in which work elements can be assigned to the work station having the upper time limit changed by its performance rate or ability. Further we develop the computer program of the proposed method and provide an illustrative problem and computational results. In an application of our method to the practical problems, it is shown that the actual efficiency of the production line becomes near that planned. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=AkagiFumio kn-aut-sei=Akagi kn-aut-mei=Fumio aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu kn-aut-sei=Osaki kn-aut-mei=Hirokazu aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Science affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=16 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1986 dt-pub=19861115 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Analysis of Brushless-dc Motor Drive System Taking Account of a Load en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In the power converter of ac drive system the switching behavior of semiconductors causes the distorted voltage and current waveforms, thus the drive characteristics are affected by them. It is, especially, an essential problem that the distorted current waveforms induce the torque ripple. It is assumed in the previous analysis that the input voltage of inverter is a ripple-free dc one. In industry, however, the input voltage of inverter is gained by rectifying the ac voltage. The torque ripple is caused by not only the behavior of inverter but also the behavior of converter. It is required to develop the analysis taking account of the both behaviors. In this paper, the analysis of brushless-dc motor drive system is proposed taking account of the ac supply, power converter, motor and load. This analytical method is the most suitable one for the analysis of practical system. The effects of factors, e.g. filter constants, inverter frequency, phase relation between ac supply and inverter cycle, load and inertia on the speed variation are revealed by this analysis. Further, the decision of filter constants is discussed from a view of speed variation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=FunabikiShigeyuki kn-aut-sei=Funabiki kn-aut-mei=Shigeyuki aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=ImanakaAkira kn-aut-sei=Imanaka kn-aut-mei=Akira aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HimeiToyoji kn-aut-sei=Himei kn-aut-mei=Toyoji aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Mitsubishi Electric Co. affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=45 end-page=55 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1986 dt-pub=19861115 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Charge Density Fluctuation in Ionic Mixtures en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The total charge fluctuation spectrum of ionic mixtures is analyzed on the basis of the solution of the hypernetted-chain equation for the binary ionic mixtures. A simple but sufficiently accurate scaling law in the domain of intermediate coupling is obtained and the result is applied to the calculation of the bremsstrahlung emission and absorption rates in high density plasmas composed of ions of many species. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo kn-aut-sei=Totsuji kn-aut-mei=Hiroo aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electronics END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=57 end-page=70 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1986 dt-pub=19861115 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Prediction of Shrinkage and Creep of Concrete en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=New prediction equations of shrinkage and creep of concrete are proposed, and the efficiency of the new equations are investigated through a number of experimental data. Furthermore,the characteristics and applications of the prediction equations presented in the codes of many countries are also discussed. The results showing that the new equations could estimate shrinkage and creep of concrete within a certain measure of accuracy were obtained. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=SakataKenji kn-aut-sei=Sakata kn-aut-mei=Kenji aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KohnoIichiro kn-aut-sei=Kohno kn-aut-mei=Iichiro aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=71 end-page=79 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1986 dt-pub=19861115 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Determination of Coefficients of Groundwater Flow in Multilayered Aquifers en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=It is difficult to determine the coefficients of groundwater flow from the data which were obtained from the drawdown test in a multiaquifer system. In this paper, new methods of analyzing drawdown-tests are developed and illustrated with the example to determine aquifer coefficients. In a double-layered aquifer, the analytical solution of drawdown test, in which water is discharged from both layers, is derived. And also the theoretical solution to determine the coefficient of storage by using an index of elasticity of a confined aquifer is derived. From these solutions, methods of determining the coefficient of transmissibility in a double-layered aquifer and the coefficinent of storage in a confined aquifer are got. The example analysis to determine aquifer coefficients is shown. As a result, the characteristics which were obtained by these methods are verified by the real drawdown test data. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TakeshitaYuji kn-aut-sei=Takeshita kn-aut-mei=Yuji aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=NishigakiMakoto kn-aut-sei=Nishigaki kn-aut-mei=Makoto aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KohnoIichiro kn-aut-sei=Kohno kn-aut-mei=Iichiro aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=20 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1986 dt-pub=19860228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Size of Bubbles and Gas Holdup in Bubble Columns en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Bubble columns are extensively used in the chemical industry. This paper evaluates the present state of the art on the size of bubbles from a sieve plate and gas holdup, mainly on the basis of the results of the authors, including previous ones. The size of bubbles formed from a sieve plate has an insignificant effect of chamber volume, and gas holdup shows some different behavior, depending on the hole diameter to liquid depth. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MiyaharaToshiro kn-aut-sei=Miyahara kn-aut-mei=Toshiro aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TakahashiTeruo kn-aut-sei=Takahashi kn-aut-mei=Teruo aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Chemistry affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Chemistry END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=21 end-page=33 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1986 dt-pub=19860228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=SAXS from the GP Zones in Al-4mass % Cu Alloy at Initial Stages of Ageing en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A series of small-angle X-ray scattering photographs with monochromated and point focussed copper Ka(1) radiation was taken of a single crystal of an Al-4mass % Cu alloy at the as-quenched state from 823K and at successive stages of ageing at 313K. The crystal was so oriented that the incident direction of the radiation was along [001] axis, and was cooled with liquid nitrogen during the exposure. The pattern of the as-quenched state was homogeneous, but each of the patterns of the aged states consisted of streaks along [100] and [010] directions and a quasi-ring around the trace of the incident beam on the film (even at the shortest ageing time. l6sec). The most intense regions were found in [100], [010] , [100] and [010] directions on the ring. With the progress of the ageing the streaks and the ring became more intense and narrower. The results can be interpreted from points of view of the formation of the GP zones parallel to {100} planes ab initio, the effect of the inter-particle interference on scattering of X-rays, and the growth of the GP zones with the ageing. Guinier radius of the GP zones at each stage can be obtained from intensity change along [110], and the values are reasonably consistent with those obtained from the cross section of the streak. The presence of multi-layer zones, besides the one-layer ones, is suggested from the humps found on several intensity curves along [100] at later stages. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamadaMasuo en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=Masuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhtaMutsuo en-aut-sei=Ohta en-aut-mei=Mutsuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakakibaraAkira en-aut-sei=Sakakibara en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=εŒ΄Έ kn-aut-sei=εŒ΄ kn-aut-mei=Έ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Science affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Science affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=55 end-page=66 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1986 dt-pub=19860228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Two-Dimensional Automatic Mesh Generator for Finite Element Analysis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this study a new automatic mesh generator for 2- dimensional finite element analysis is proposed, and its effectivity is surveyed through a number of test examples. Proposed one is for a micro-computer, and the program is written in BASIC. The user needs no preparation for making finite element model in advance. All of the neccessary informations are displayed on CRT display and its user may answer for questions. It is expected that the cost neccessary for preparing the input-data for finite element analysis is largely decreased. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TaniguchiTakeo kn-aut-sei=Taniguchi kn-aut-mei=Takeo aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MitsuokaKazuhiko kn-aut-sei=Mitsuoka kn-aut-mei=Kazuhiko aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KajitaniEiji kn-aut-sei=Kajitani kn-aut-mei=Eiji aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Former Student of Civil Engineering Department END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=47 end-page=53 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1986 dt-pub=19860228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Inflow Control on Expressway Considering Traffic Equilibria en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=When expressway and roads coexist, it is necessary to establish a reasonable traffic share between them. It may be practiced by the regulation of toll-rate of expressway. But at an occasional traffic congestion, the reasonable share is disturbed, so that some traffic control means should be taken. In this paper, we deal how to control inflows on expressway, from a viewpoint of the optimal share between expressway and roads. The minimization of total travel cost in a system is aimed under traffic equilibrium conditions. The problem is formed as a two-stage programming model, and a simple example solving the problem is showed. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=InouyeHiroshi kn-aut-sei=Inouye kn-aut-mei=Hiroshi aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=35 end-page=45 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1986 dt-pub=19860228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Dynamic Behavior of Sand Bed under Oscillating Water Pressure en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Under the attack of storm waves, there are many destructions of coastal structures in the forms of sinking and sliding. These types of destructions will be in close relation to the dynamic behavior of sand bed around the structures. From this point of view, in this paper, we investigate the characteristics of the pore water pressure and effective stresses in the highly saturated sand bed under oscillating water pressure theoretically. The results indicate that the oscillating water pressure induce the notable drop of strength of sand bed around the structure under certain condition. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=NagoHiroshi kn-aut-sei=Nago kn-aut-mei=Hiroshi aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MaenoShiro kn-aut-sei=Maeno kn-aut-mei=Shiro aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=21 end-page=33 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1985 dt-pub=19851108 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=On the Adsorptive Force in the Sucking Grasp as the Contact Surface was flat. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The sucking grasp, for example, the silicon or the rubber sucker has been used widely to handle the parts in various stages of the automated process. But in order to use the sucking grasp more widely, it is necessary to develop the other type of sucking unit. In this paper, we examined the distribution of the vacuum pressure in the contact surface and estimated the adsorptive force from the vacuum pressure, the area of the contact surface, the area or the number of sucking holes, and a gap or a roughness of surface under the contact condition that the flat surface of the sucking unit sucked up the flat surface of an object. The vacuum pressure in the contact surface decreased exponentially, as the distance from the edge of the sucking hole became long. And the adsorptive force was estimated from the equation Y=1.147.P.S.(S/M)(-0.6) in the case of one sucking hole. It is necessary to consider the interaction between two sucking holes which were only separated by a very close distance to estimate the adsorptive force in case of many sucking holes. The adsorptive force became weak, as the gap en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu kn-aut-sei=Osaki kn-aut-mei=Hirokazu aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=ManabeNobuo kn-aut-sei=Manabe kn-aut-mei=Nobuo aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HakodaYosinori kn-aut-sei=Hakoda kn-aut-mei=Yosinori aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KikuchiSusumu kn-aut-sei=Kikuchi kn-aut-mei=Susumu aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Science affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=SHARP Co. Ltd. affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Mitsubishi Electric Co. Ltd. affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=45 end-page=52 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1985 dt-pub=19851108 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Continuous Monitoring System for the Wastewaters Having Multiply, Randomly, and Small Effluent Characteristics -Approarch to Analysis of Chemical Oxygen Demand by Complete Flow Process- en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A simple system was developed for the fully automatic and continuous measurement of chemical oxygen demand (COD) in wastewater samples based on colorimetry of dichromate. A sample and a solution of sulfuric acid (1+1) containing 2mM potassium dichromate are continuously pumped with a double-reciprocating micro-pump at each flow rate of 0.3 ml/min. The wastewater sample is filtered at first with a 100-mesh stainless filter and then mixed with the dichromate solution in the mixing joint. The mixture is introduced into a reaction coil made of poly(tetrafluoroethylene) tubing (1 mm i.d., 3 mm o.d., and 20 m length), being placed in an oil bath (120Ž). After reaction, the mixture passes into a quartz tubular flow-through cell (10 mm path length, 18 ƒΚl volume) in a spectrophotometer, and the absorbance is measured at 445 nm. The COD value of the sample is automatically estimated from the amount of decreased absorbance. The system was successfully applied to COD measurement of some waters, and to continuous monitoring of COD in wastewater of university laboratories. The system was also evaluated by comparing with the flow injection analyzer system previously developed by the authors. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KorenagaTakashi kn-aut-sei=Korenaga kn-aut-mei=Takashi aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MoriwakeTosio kn-aut-sei=Moriwake kn-aut-mei=Tosio aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TakahashiTeruo kn-aut-sei=Takahashi kn-aut-mei=Teruo aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Center for Environmental Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Synthetic Chemistry affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Chemistry END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=35 end-page=43 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1985 dt-pub=19851108 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=SAXS Intensity Measurements by Photographic Methods en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Photographic method for measurement of small-angl X-ray scattering (SAXS) is improved. Intense pointfocussing incident beam is obtained by using doubly bent crystal monochromator made of aluminium single crystal. Microphotometry and the subsequent calculation to obtain profiles, Guinier and Porod radii, integrated intensities, and so on are facilitated by using microcomputer. Integrated SAXS intensities measured from an Al-Zn alloy which has been treated under the same heat treatment conditions are coincident with one another with probable errors less than }6 % . Ratio of the integrated intensities obtained from two Al-Zn alloys of different composition is reasonable compared with the quasi-equilibrium phase diagram. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamadaMasuo en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=Masuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakakibaraAkira en-aut-sei=Sakakibara en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=εŒ΄Έ kn-aut-sei=εŒ΄ kn-aut-mei=Έ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhtaMutsuo en-aut-sei=Ohta en-aut-mei=Mutsuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Science affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Science affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=19 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=49 end-page=61 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1985 dt-pub=19850225 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Galerkin Method to an Integral Equation in the Kinetic Theory en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A Galerkin method is applied to a singular integral equation of fredholm type originated in the problem of the rarefied gas flow over a plane wall. The solution is expanded in a series of the Abramowitz function. The numerical calculations were carried out up to ten-terms expansions. The results show a good convergence of the series.The comparison is made with the previous work obtained by the moment method. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=YamamotoKyoji kn-aut-sei=Yamamoto kn-aut-mei=Kyoji aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Engineering Mathematics END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=19 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=23 end-page=32 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1985 dt-pub=19850225 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Optimal Pricing in Urban Expressway en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A welfare economic approach is applied to investigate some implications of optimal pricing in urban expressway where two different groups of users are supposed to exist. On the assumption of a specified demand function, following implications are shown; (1) optimal prices must be such that the diversion ratios are the same and (2) the price rates must be set equal each other, where the price rate means the proportion of the price to the average user benefit. In connection with the results, the elasticity of the demand with respect to price is measured in Osaka area of Hanshin Expressway, where two different levels of price are flatly set for users according to the characteristics of their cars. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MyojinSho kn-aut-sei=Myojin kn-aut-mei=Sho aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KishinoKeiichi kn-aut-sei=Kishino kn-aut-mei=Keiichi aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=19 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=33 end-page=48 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1985 dt-pub=19850225 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Consideration on Convergence Condition of Explicit Finite Element Analysis for Heat Transfer Equation en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This paper treats the convergence condition of the explicit finite element method (i.e. the time and spatial axes are discretized by using the explicit finite difference method and the weighted residual method, respectively) which is applied for analyzing the heat problem in region with complex boundary configuration and also with several material properties. The main role of this study is the application of the Brauer's theorem. As the results we obtain that the usage of the Brauer's theorem is valid and that the application method of the theorem is presented in this paper. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TaniguchiTakeo kn-aut-sei=Taniguchi kn-aut-mei=Takeo aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MitsuokaKazuhiko kn-aut-sei=Mitsuoka kn-aut-mei=Kazuhiko aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TeradaTakashi kn-aut-sei=Terada kn-aut-mei=Takashi aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=19 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=13 end-page=22 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1985 dt-pub=19850225 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Quasi-random Scanning of a Digitally Controlled Spectrometry en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A quasi-random method for spectral scanning is proposed to reduce an alias response to a quick change in the source abundance. A direct application is made for an atmospheric methane monitoring with a current-tunable diode laser. Only barrel shift methods are examined being found further vulnerable to drifting etalon fringes. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KogaRyuji en-aut-sei=Koga en-aut-mei=Ryuji kn-aut-name=ŒΓ‰κ—²Ž‘ kn-aut-sei=ŒΓ‰κ kn-aut-mei=—²Ž‘ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KosakaMegumi en-aut-sei=Kosaka en-aut-mei=Megumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SanoHiroya en-aut-sei=Sano en-aut-mei=Hiroya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electronics affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electronics affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Engineering, Fukuyama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=19 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=11 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1985 dt-pub=19850225 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Order-Disorder Transition in Urea-Polyethylene Complex en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The phase transition of urea complexes whose guest components range from n-paraffin to polyethylene was investigated by DSC thermal analysis. The transition temperatures increased with increasing the chain length; the related heats did not change much with the chain length. An X-ray powder diffractometry for urea-polyethylene complex revealed that the complex undergoes the same kind of phase transition between orthorhombic and hexagonal as urea-n-paraffin complex. The transition is interpreted in terms of an order-disorder transition with respect to the orientation of the guest molecule. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=YokoyamaFumiyoshi kn-aut-sei=Yokoyama kn-aut-mei=Fumiyoshi aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MonobeKazuo kn-aut-sei=Monobe kn-aut-mei=Kazuo aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Chemistry affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Chemistry END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=19 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=53 end-page=62 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1984 dt-pub=19841126 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Evaluation of Three Flow Injection Analysis Methods for the Determination of Chemical Oxygen Demand en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Three methods for determining chemical oxygen demand (COD) by means of flow injection analysis (FIA) with potassium permanganate, potassium dichromate, or cerium(IV) sulfate as oxidant, developed in this laboratory, are described from the point of view of their operating properties. The permanganate method is the most sensitive and common, but forms manganese(IV) oxide precipitate which blocks the FIA lines and connectors. Addition of phosphoric acid in the reagent system is, however, effective to some extent in order to avoid blocking the flow system. The dichromate method is the most workable and stable, but produces toxic wastes containing chromium(VI). The cerium method is the most probable because cerium(IV) is the strongest oxidant of the three and less poisonous. The last method with cerium(IV) sulfate is therefore recommendable to apply to the continuous monitoring of COD in many situation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KorenagaTakashi kn-aut-sei=Korenaga kn-aut-mei=Takashi aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MoriwakeTosio kn-aut-sei=Moriwake kn-aut-mei=Tosio aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TakahashiTeruo kn-aut-sei=Takahashi kn-aut-mei=Teruo aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Center for Environmental Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Synthetic Chemistry affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Chemistry END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=19 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=13 end-page=32 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1984 dt-pub=19841126 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Pore Water Pressure in Sand Bed under Oscillating Water Pressure en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this paper the theoretical method to analyse the pore water pressures in the sand bed under the oscillating water pressure is developed. In the former researchs the validity of the theoretical treatment for the one-dimensional problem has been verified. However, the one-dimensional treatment is not sufficient to obtain the precise informations concerning the many practical problems. From this point of view, in this study, we derive the fundamental equations for the general three-dimensional sand layer under the oscillating water pressure. The validity of this theoretical method is verified by experiments for the twodimensional problems. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=NagoHiroshi kn-aut-sei=Nago kn-aut-mei=Hiroshi aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MaenoShiro kn-aut-sei=Maeno kn-aut-mei=Shiro aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=19 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=12 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1984 dt-pub=19841126 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=On the Bremsstranlung in High-Density Plasmas en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Emission and absorption coefficients of bremsstrahlung by high-temperature partially degenerate electrons are calculated for high-density plasmas where Coulomb coupling between ions is not weak. It is shown that the ion correlation substantially reduces these coefficients. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo kn-aut-sei=Totsuji kn-aut-mei=Hiroo aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electronics END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=19 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=33 end-page=44 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1984 dt-pub=19841126 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Error Analysis of Band Matrix Method en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Numerical error in the solution of the band matrix method based on the elimination method in single precision is investigated theoretically and experimentally, and the behaviour of the truncation error and the roundoff error is clarified. Some important suggestions for the useful application of the band solver are proposed by using the results of above error analysis. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TaniguchiTakeo kn-aut-sei=Taniguchi kn-aut-mei=Takeo aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=SogaAkira kn-aut-sei=Soga kn-aut-mei=Akira aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=19 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=45 end-page=51 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1984 dt-pub=19841126 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Preparation and Dielectric Properties of [Ba, Ca] TiO(3)-Al(2)O(3)-SiO(2) Glass-Ceramics en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Succeeding to 60(Ba,Sr)TiO(3)-10A1(2)O(3)-30SiO(2)glassceramics reported in our previous paper, another type of ferroelectric glass-ceramics was elaborated by the controlled growth of Ba(l-x)Ca(x)TiO(3) crystal particles in the glass system 60 (Ba(l-y)Ca(y)) TiO(3)-10Al(2)O(3)-30SiO(2) (0.01 holds not only for a magnetic field ƒΦ(c)ƒΡ>1 but for ƒΦ(c)ƒΡ<1 under ql>1 while the amplification constant for qR<1 does for ql…1 under@ƒΦ(c)ƒΡ>1; q is the wave number vector of sound, R the cyclotron radius, ƒΦ(c) the cyclotron frequency, 1 the mean free path and ƒΡ the relaxation time. A generalized attenuation (amplification) constant is presented through an energy conservation law, being applicable to the sounds propagating at any angle with respect to the particle drift so the off-axis as well as on-axis amplifications are surely involved. An application of the present theory to n-InSb reveals a threshold dependence for the acoustic amplification, which is semi-quantitative agreement with the experimental result of Arizumi et al.. The amplification constant by that nondegenerate particles is found to be almost equal to that by the degenerate ones, provided that the former carrier density should be replaced by its three times as much. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=IshiiTadao kn-aut-sei=Ishii kn-aut-mei=Tadao aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electronics, Electrophyslcs END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=7 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=25 end-page=29 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1972 dt-pub=19720601 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Response of Electromagnetic Deflection for CRT Display en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In the CRT display system of high-speed electromagnetic deflection, the tendency to amplifier saturation should not be neglected. We first show the limitation to the linear characteristics of input-output response and the response time under the saturation condition in this system. We try to improve the frequency-characteristics of the amplifier by making the load resistance constant and the feedback-paths partially positive, and reduce the L/R value of the load circuit by adopting the mutually-coupled yokecoils and the low-current amplifier. As the result, it is suggested that a low-power dissipation and highspeed response electromagnetic deflection system can be constructed. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=SanoHiroya kn-aut-sei=Sano kn-aut-mei=Hiroya aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TanadaYoshihiro kn-aut-sei=Tanada kn-aut-mei=Yoshihiro aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=6 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=21 end-page=25 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1971 dt-pub=19710901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effects of Pointed Splitter Position on Attached Jet Switching en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this report, the effects of splitter position on the attached jet were experimentally investigated for the purpose of discussing the applicability of a usual mathematical model without splitter. As results, the followings were confirmed, (l) For the splitter distance shorter than the critical distance, the pressure in the bubble lowers and the jet radius of curvature shortens. (2) At the ratio L(s)/D=4~5, the switching control flow rate becomes maximum. And bordering this value, the effects of splitter position on the switching are quite conversely. For the splitter distance longer than the above value, the switching control flow rate decreases, as increasing the distance. (3) For the splitter distance of 1.5~2 times critical distance, the switching is almost never affected by the splitter. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=WadaTsutomu kn-aut-sei=Wada kn-aut-mei=Tsutomu aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=ShimizuAkira kn-aut-sei=Shimizu kn-aut-mei=Akira aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Science affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=6 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=6 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1971 dt-pub=19710901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Yield Strength and Stacking Fault Energy on Fatigue Crack Propagation en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=It is very important to clarify the question whether fatigue crack propagation will be affected by mechanical propaties or other propaties of materials. In the present paper the authors studied in relation of yield strength and stacking fault energy to rate of fatigue crack propagation. ƒΏbrass were chosen for the investigation because they provided sufficient range in both quantities of interest that either could be varied independently of the other. Fatigue tests were carried out under full bending moment of flat specimens with V-shape notch. Chosen stress levels were 0.6 ƒΠy and 0.8 ƒΠy in which ƒΠy is yield strength, rate of fatigue crack propagation was evaluated from the second stage of the curve of fatigue crack propagation. The dependence of the rate on stacking fault energy ƒΑ was found to be dl/ dN=GEƒΑ(n). But dl/dN did not systematically to change in yield strength. Thus, ƒΑ is concluded to be the controlling variable. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HondaKazuo kn-aut-sei=Honda kn-aut-mei=Kazuo aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KonagaTetsuro kn-aut-sei=Konaga kn-aut-mei=Tetsuro aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department oj Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department oj Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=6 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=67 end-page=82 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1971 dt-pub=19710901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Analysis on Magnetic Characteristics of Three-Phase Core-Type Transformers (Part I: Fundamental Equations and Linear Solutions) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this paper, we report the procedure to analyse magnetic circuits and give the linear solutions on magnetic characteristics of the three-phase core-type transformer which is composed of the complicated magnetic paths. First, we explain the construction of cores investigated and normalize the sizes of a core. To analyse these magnetic circuits, we introduced the electrical eqcuivalent circuits and obtained the general fundamental equations for each core. Then, we drew the linear-numerical solutions using an electronic computer, and cleared the relationships between the sizes of a core and the amplitudes and phase angles of fluxes in magnetic paths. Related with the above facts, we investigate the influence of these sizes on the core loss using cores of various quality. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=NakataTakayoshi kn-aut-sei=Nakata kn-aut-mei=Takayoshi aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=IshiharaYoshiyuki kn-aut-sei=Ishihara kn-aut-mei=Yoshiyuki aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=6 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=13 end-page=19 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1971 dt-pub=19710901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=On the Trial Production of the Equipment Measuring ManySubjects' Critical Flicker Fusion Frequency at the Same Time en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The equipment measuring the critical flicker fusion frequency (CFF) is made in order to measure many subjects' CFF at the same time. This equipment is defined the multi-flicker. The equipment measuring CFF, used until now is defined the mono-flicker. It is analysed what factors influence CFF strongly. Then it is made clear that CFF value measured by the multi-f1icker can be used to show the brain weariness as well as that of the mono-flicker, and the vigual angle and the intensity of illumination in the room influence CFF value strongly. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu kn-aut-sei=Osaki kn-aut-mei=Hirokazu aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KikuchiSusumu kn-aut-sei=Kikuchi kn-aut-mei=Susumu aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Science affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=6 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=61 end-page=65 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1971 dt-pub=19710901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Analysis and Design of Parallel Inverter Circuit with Parallel Inductive Load en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this paper, the parallel inverter circuit with the load consisted of resistive load and constant reactive load in parallel, is analyzed taking into acourlt the d-c source reactance. The circuit has a good voltage regulation for the variation of resistive load current, except the vicinity of no load. The design method in using the results of analysis is also discussed. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=FujitsukaTakesi kn-aut-sei=Fujitsuka kn-aut-mei=Takesi aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HimeiToyoji kn-aut-sei=Himei kn-aut-mei=Toyoji aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=WakabayashiJiro kn-aut-sei=Wakabayashi kn-aut-mei=Jiro aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Engineering Research Institute, Kyoto University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=6 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=53 end-page=56 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1971 dt-pub=19710901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Polymorphism of Amylose V Complexes en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Lamellar crystals of amylose V complexes with the 6(1), 7(1) and 8(1) helical configurations can be prepared from aqueous solutions of amylose by using various complexing agents. It is noted that the crystal shape can be explained by the symmetry of the unit cell in the basal plane and the chain packing in the unit cell is cOncerned with the symmetry of helical chains. The existence of 6(1), 7(1) and 8(1) heliccs which occurs stepwisc with the number of glucopyranose an intger is discussed. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=YamashitaYuhiko kn-aut-sei=Yamashita kn-aut-mei=Yuhiko aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MonobeKazuo kn-aut-sei=Monobe kn-aut-mei=Kazuo aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Chemistry affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Chemistry END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=6 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=57 end-page=60 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1971 dt-pub=19710901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Thermal Study on Adducts of Urea with n-Alkanes and n-l-Alkanols en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Crystalline adducts of urea with n-alkanes (C(8)~C(20)) and n-l-alkanols (C(12)~C(18)) were prepared. From thermal analysis and X-ray diffraction study on the adducts, we found that the composition of adducts and the heat of decomposition can be obtained easily from the thermogram of adducts. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MonobeKazuo kn-aut-sei=Monobe kn-aut-mei=Kazuo aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MurakamiYushi kn-aut-sei=Murakami kn-aut-mei=Yushi aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=YokoyamaFumiyoshi kn-aut-sei=Yokoyama kn-aut-mei=Fumiyoshi aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Chemistry affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Chemistry affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Chemistry END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=6 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=7 end-page=12 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1971 dt-pub=19710901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=On the Friction Factor for the Turbulent Flow of Dilute Aqueous Polymer Solutions en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A series of turbulent pipe flow experiments with dilute aqueous C.M.C. solutions are described. The purpose of these experiments are to compare the anomalous viscous drag results from these experiments with the results using water (Newtonian viscous fluid). The additive concentrations of the present experiments are from 0.01% to 0.5% by weight of C.M.C., giving power-law indexes 1 to 0.75, respectively. All of the concentrations are found to give a reduction in turbulent friction factor, compared with Newtonian at the same Reynolds number. A maximum friction factor reduction of 64 % is obtained at a Reynolds number 2x10(3) for solutions having polymer concentration of 0.3% by weight. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HiroseKoji kn-aut-sei=Hirose kn-aut-mei=Koji aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=OkaTakuma kn-aut-sei=Oka kn-aut-mei=Takuma aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department oj Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department oj Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=6 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=47 end-page=52 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1971 dt-pub=19710901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Solubility of Sulphur in a Cadmium Borate Glass and SomeProperties of the Sulphur Containing Glasses en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The glass forming limit by substitution of CdS for CdO in a CdO-B(2)0(3) glass was determined by chemical analysis. When x CdS-(60-x)CdO-40B(2)0(3) nominal mixtures in weight ratio were heated at 1100‹C in flowing nitrogen gas for 1/2 hour, about 40~50% of mixed CdS and 10-15% of the mixed CdS were evaporated. The limit of nominal composition for glass forming was 10CdS-50CdO-40B(2)0(3) and the corresponding virtual composition after the above heat treatment was found to be 4.9CdS-46.4CdO-48.7B(2)O(3). Further addition of CdS made the melt devitrefied with CdS precipitation. D.C. conductivity measurements revealed that the current density was not linear with respect to the applied voltage, but the resistivity ranged around 10(12)ƒΆ₯cm for 4.1CdS-48.8CdO-47.1B(2)O(3) (virtual composition) glass and around 10(11.5)ƒΆ?cm for 4.9CdS-46.4CdO-48.7B(2)O(3) glass. These sulphur containing glasses did not show photoconduction, although CdS-precipitated materials showed slight photoconductivity when disposed in ultra violet radiation. Apparent dielectric constant and tan 8 were also measured as a function of frequency, revealing a moderate dispersion in the CdS-precipitated glasses. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TakahashiKatsuaki kn-aut-sei=Takahashi kn-aut-mei=Katsuaki aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=GotoYasumasa kn-aut-sei=Goto kn-aut-mei=Yasumasa aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Chemistry affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Chemistry END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=6 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=27 end-page=31 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1971 dt-pub=19710901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Deformation and Prefered Orientation of Precipitates in Cold Worked Al-Zn Alloys en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Fiber textures of drawn wires of Al-Zn alloys containing precipitates were studied mainly by X-ray methods. In supersaturated solid solution the wire texture was a double fiber texture with [100]and [111]. It was considered that a phase precipitates were rotated with matrix, while they were deformed. And then the matrix containing stable precipitates (Zn) had [100] and [111] textures. The intense spots, corresponding to [111] fiber texture of matrix, in the Debye rings of (002)p and (101)p planes of precipitates were clearly observed. But, on the other hand, spots, corresponding to [100] fiber texture of matrix, shown the prefered orientation of precipitates in (002)p Debye ring were very weak and brodening. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=OhtaMutsuo kn-aut-sei=Ohta kn-aut-mei=Mutsuo aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HashimotoFumio kn-aut-sei=Hashimoto kn-aut-mei=Fumio aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MaedaHironobu kn-aut-sei=Maeda kn-aut-mei=Hironobu aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Science affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electronics affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=5 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=27 end-page=30 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1970 dt-pub=19700901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Study of the Work Load in a Monotonous Task en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The work load given to workers by a monotonous task was investigated. Their load was obtained by measuring the flicker value and observing its fluctuation pattern. Each flicker fluctuation was classified into one of the three patterns. It was found that the mental load of the subject carrying out the task by himself tends to become lighter according as the speed increases, while the mental load of the subject doing the task with his companion does not show this tendency. On the other hand, the scores of the disposition tests were analyzed with regard to the flicker fluctuation pattern by using the discriminant function. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KikuchiSusumu kn-aut-sei=Kikuchi kn-aut-mei=Susumu aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu kn-aut-sei=Osaki kn-aut-mei=Hirokazu aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=OhgishiShinji kn-aut-sei=Ohgishi kn-aut-mei=Shinji aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Science affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Science affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=5 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=31 end-page=35 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1970 dt-pub=19700901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Analysis of Warren's Fluidic Counter en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Though the Warren's fluidic counter has a very simple construction, the matching problems of the main jet supply pressure with the input pulse may take place and so there may be some working conditions under which this counter cannot work. Up to now, these matching problem have been hardly investigated. In this study the following things were systematically investigated : the static and dynamic characteristics of the memory and the control flip-flops with different geometric parameters, the behavior of the counter which are constructed by two of them, and finally the fow in the counter. The obtained results are as follows : (1) Under some clear and accurate conditions, the Warren's counter works satisfactory without any au iliary circuit. (2) In the control part, the input pulse flow don't reattach on any side wall, but branches into both output ports. (3) The necessary condition under which the Warren's counter behaves successfully is as follows : (1-2ƒΏ)Q(i)>Q(ms), where ƒΏ is the distribution factor of the control part, is the input pulse flow rate and is the switching control flow rate of the memory part. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=WadaTsutomu kn-aut-sei=Wada kn-aut-mei=Tsutomu aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=ShimizuAkira kn-aut-sei=Shimizu kn-aut-mei=Akira aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Science affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=5 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=47 end-page=53 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1970 dt-pub=19700901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Diffusion Phenomena of Silver Ion in Molten Sodium Borate by Chronopotentiometry en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Diffusion phenomena of silver ion in the molten sodium diborate of low silver ion content were investigated at the temperature range from 880Ž to 625Ž by means of chronopotentiometry. From the results, it was shown that the silver ion was reduced reversibly to metallic state at the silver electrode used and silver ion was transported only by diffusion in case that transition time in a potential-time relation was within several seconds. Diffusion coefficients measured at various temperatures satisfied Arrhenius equation. The activation energy of diffusion and diffusion coefficient were respectively 32Kcal/mol and 6.5~10(-7) cm(2)/sec at the liquidous temperature. By comparing these values with those obtained in some molten salts, the difference of structure between the molten glass and molten salts was discussed. Moreover, the consideration for the size of borate anion existing in the molten glass was also tried from the viewpoint of rate process and from Stokes-Einstein's equation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TakahashiKatsuaki kn-aut-sei=Takahashi kn-aut-mei=Katsuaki aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MiuraYoshinari kn-aut-sei=Miura kn-aut-mei=Yoshinari aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Chemistry affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Chemistry END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=5 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=55 end-page=59 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1970 dt-pub=19700901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Biologically Active Compounds. IV. The Synthesis of ƒΏ-Arylamino-ƒΑ-aryl-‡™(ƒΏ,ƒΐ)- and ƒΏ-Arylidene-ƒΑ-aryl-‡™(ƒΐ,ƒΑ)-butenolides. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The importance of the presence of butenolide groupings in biologically active substances has been recognized increasingly. (1) In our search for new pesticides we have prepared 26 ƒΏ-arylamino-ƒΑ-aryl-‡™(ƒΏ,ƒΐ)-butenolides (1-26) and 9 ƒΏ-arylidene-ƒΑ-aryl-‡™(ƒΏ,ƒΐ)-butenolides (27-35) which seemed to us of interest as test materials for the screening. ƒΏ-Arylamino-ƒΑ-aryl-‡™(ƒΏ,ƒΐ)-butenolides were prepared by the reaction of sodium or potassium arylidenepyruvate with arylamines in the medium of glacial acetic acid as is reported by Meyer and Vaughan(2) (Scheme I, see also Experimental Section). ƒΏ-Arylidene-ƒΑ-aryl-‡™(ƒΐ,ƒΑ)-butenolides were prepared by the condensation of aromatic aldehydes with ƒΐ-aroylpropionic acids in the presence of anhydrous sodium acetate. The analogous procedure for this purpose has been reported by several authors(3) (Scheme II). The physical properties, yields, and analytical data of these compounds have been summarized in Table I (1-26) and Table II (27-35). en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TakedaAkira kn-aut-sei=Takeda kn-aut-mei=Akira aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=WadaSatosi kn-aut-sei=Wada kn-aut-mei=Satosi aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=UnoTakaaki kn-aut-sei=Uno kn-aut-mei=Takaaki aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=FujitaHaruki kn-aut-sei=Fujita kn-aut-mei=Haruki aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=OkamotoTuneyuki kn-aut-sei=Okamoto kn-aut-mei=Tuneyuki aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Synthetics Chemistry affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Synthetics Chemistry affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Synthetics Chemistry affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Mitsubisisekiyu Co., Kurasiki. affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Taiyogomu Co., Okayama. END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=5 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=61 end-page=66 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1970 dt-pub=19700901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=An Asynchronous Delay Line for PAM Signal en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=An asynchronous delay line for PAM signal having controlled delay capability is proposed. The delay line in a cascaded chain of identical memory cells. Each sample of the sequence of the input PAM signals passes or is shifted in particular cell depending on whether the succeeding cell is empty or not. A cell is composed of two memory capacitors with the peripheral control circuits. In this paper, especially, an example of the circuit for cell is shown and its several characteristics are discussed. At the end, some experimental results are given. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MisakiTakayoshi kn-aut-sei=Misaki kn-aut-mei=Takayoshi aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=OkamotoTakuji kn-aut-sei=Okamoto kn-aut-mei=Takuji aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=YamamotoHideki kn-aut-sei=Yamamoto kn-aut-mei=Hideki aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electronics affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electronics affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electronics END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=5 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=7 end-page=15 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1970 dt-pub=19700901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Dependency of Stress on the Diffraction Plane in thePolycrystalline Metals en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The loading and residual stresses measured by using X-ray stress measurment depend on diffraction plane. In order to make clear its cause, the several models on elastic and plastic deformations are developed and the theoretical values are compared with measured ones. It was found that the dependencies of measured stress on the diffraction plane can be explaned by accepting Reuss's model for elastic deformation and Taylor's model for plastic deformation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HosokawaNorio kn-aut-sei=Hosokawa kn-aut-mei=Norio aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=5 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=6 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1970 dt-pub=19700901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Further Considerations Concerning a Mechanism of Fatigue Crack Propagation en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=X-ray microbeam diffraction technique is a useful one to investigate the features of the crystal deformation in a localized area. That is, this method have been adopted to examine the density and array of dislocation, microscopic lattice strain and macroscopic residual stress. And so, the informations obtained from the tip of the crack during the fatigue process have been correlated with the behaviours of the initiation and propagation of the crack. The authors, in the present paper, investigated a relation between the distributions of the microscopic lattice strains which are calculated and measured by the technique, and suggested the sort of dislocation at the tip of the crack that relate to the fatigue crack propagation. The crack initiated at the notch root of the specimen which was composed of the coarse grain and propagated along the grain-boundary in the early stage under fatigue process of the alternating stress 4.1 kg/mm(2). Thereafter, it changed the propagating direction toward the inside of the grain. The distributions of the micro lattice strain in each reflecting plane which were measuerd at the plastically deformed zone in the vicinity of the grainboundary and at the crack tip agreed well with modes of the strain distribution due to a screw and a edge dislocations by the calculation, respectively. From these results, the authors concluded that the fatigue crack propagation would relate closely to the changing in the sort of the dislocation from the screw to the edge. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HondaKazuo kn-aut-sei=Honda kn-aut-mei=Kazuo aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KonagaTetsuro kn-aut-sei=Konaga kn-aut-mei=Tetsuro aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=5 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=17 end-page=26 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1970 dt-pub=19700901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=An Investigation on Low Frequency Combustion Oscillation en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This paper deals with a combustion stability of diffusion flame. A simplified linear differential equation of second order, which involves the parameters estimated from the states of steady combustion, has been suggested to discuss theoretically the nature of oscillatory combusion about a two-dimensional combustion chamber. Its validity has been testified by comparing calculated results with experimental ones. Results obtained have indicated that factors markedly affecting the low-frequency oscillatory combustion are primary volumetric air-fuel ratio, duct length of combustion side, shape of burner and inlet throttles. But outlet throttle gives little effect on the stability of combustion. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=ShimamotoYuzuru kn-aut-sei=Shimamoto kn-aut-mei=Yuzuru aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TanakaYutaka kn-aut-sei=Tanaka kn-aut-mei=Yutaka aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=4 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=31 end-page=34 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1969 dt-pub=19690901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=On a Relation between the Flicker value and the Working Condition en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The appropriate disposition of the worker improves the ability of the worker and the efficiency of the labor and further decreases the rate of inferior goods and the rate of accidents. In previous paper, the variation of the flicker value, the trend of the miss frequency and the relation between them under the condition which has one surveillance point and one back-ground condition are analyzed. In this paper, the surveillance point is increased to two points and the back ground condition also two in order to examine which condition influences strongly to the flicker value in the working time. It was found that the variation of the flicker value is strongly connected with the qualification, the number of the surveillance and its miss-frequency. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu kn-aut-sei=Osaki kn-aut-mei=Hirokazu aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KikuchiSusumu kn-aut-sei=Kikuchi kn-aut-mei=Susumu aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Science affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=4 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=8 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1969 dt-pub=19690901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=On the Development of X-Ray Stress Measurement TechniqueUsing X-Ray Diffraction by Crystal Oscillation Method. I, en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In the present paper, to provide information on the stress measurement in coarse grained materials by X-ray micro-beam diffraction technique using a crystal oscillation method, the authors first examined experimentaly and theoretically the relation between the sizes of X-ray beam and crystal to obtain the particular diffraction ring in the case of use of crystal oscillation method. The specimen attachment of X-ray camera used in this experiment can be oscillated automatically around a horizontal and vertical axes with high accuracy centering around an illuminated position on the specimen surface. Accordingly it is possible to increase the number of the diffraction spots without changing the area and position of the specimen illuminated. Experiments were carried out for three kinds of annealed low careon steel with grain sizes of about 15, 30 and 50ƒΚ in diameter, and with X-ray beam collimated by pinhole slits of 0.12, 0.30 and 1.00 mm in diameter, using CrKƒΏ characteristic X-rays. On the other hand, a theoretical analysis was carried out according to the X-ray diffraction theory which have been proposed by P. B. Hirsch et al. As the conclusion, it is found that the crystal oscillation method is extremely useful for X-ray stress measurement of coarse grained materials. Moreover, the conditions of the crystal oscillating operation were clarified theoretically for any pair of the sizes of X-ray beam and crystal. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HondaKazuo kn-aut-sei=Honda kn-aut-mei=Kazuo aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KonagaTetsuro kn-aut-sei=Konaga kn-aut-mei=Tetsuro aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=4 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=9 end-page=12 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1969 dt-pub=19690901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Friction Factors of Unsteady Pipe Flows en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this study, the friction factors of unsteady pipe flows have been experimentally investigated. The normal temperature water was used as working fluid and pulsating flow superposed on the steady turblent flow, having the variation of velocity approximately represented by sine curve, was used. In the result, the time mean friction factors of the unsteady flow agree with that of steady flow, and the momentary friction factors in the accelerating state are smaller and in the decelerating state larger than that in steady flow for each Reynolds numbers. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HiroseKoji kn-aut-sei=Hirose kn-aut-mei=Koji aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=OkaTakuma kn-aut-sei=Oka kn-aut-mei=Takuma aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=4 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=13 end-page=17 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1969 dt-pub=19690901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=On the Friction Coefficient for Turbulent Flow ThroughSectionally Roughened Square Ducts (Continued) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this study, friction coefficients for sectionally roughened square ducts were measured for transional and turbulent flow. The velocity fields in the cross section were mesured for turbulent flow, and the predicting equation in the previous report was corected. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HiroseKoji kn-aut-sei=Hirose kn-aut-mei=Koji aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=AsanoYoshihiro kn-aut-sei=Asano kn-aut-mei=Yoshihiro aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Tsuyama Technical Junior College END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=4 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=19 end-page=30 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1969 dt-pub=19690901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=On Conformal Mapping onto Circular-Radial Slit CoveringSurfaces of Annular and Circular Types en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In paper 7) we concerned ourselves with the conformal mapping onto circular-radial slit covering surfaces over the whole plane and its extremal property. In the present paper we shall concern ourselves with the conformal mapping onto circular-radial slit covering surfaces of annular and circular types and their extremal properties (Theorems 1.1 and 2.1). Especially the extremal property with respect to the radial slits is new. The results are stated only for the case of the planar domain of finite connectivity. The method suggests the possibility of an extension to the case of a domain of infinite connectivity or an open Riemann surface of finite genus. We shall concern ourselves with this problem in the subsequent paper. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MizumotoHisao kn-aut-sei=Mizumoto kn-aut-mei=Hisao aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=4 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=35 end-page=38 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1969 dt-pub=19690901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=On a Relation between the Flicker Value and the Vibration en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Insuring fast and precise human operation is one of the engineering requirements in the developing civilization. Some man-machine system, when any operator is exposed himself to some kind of vibration, he may not perform his operation in good conditions. Then one of the interferring factors, there is a fatigue caused by vibration. In this study, subjects sit on the chair which was set on the vibration table, and were shaken vertically for some given times, then were measured whether the fatigue occured or not by flicker friction tester. Flicker patterns were analyzed according to each vibration-condition, then the authors knew that the fatigue was occured by vibration. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KanedaYasuhiro kn-aut-sei=Kaneda kn-aut-mei=Yasuhiro aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu kn-aut-sei=Osaki kn-aut-mei=Hirokazu aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KikuchiSusumu kn-aut-sei=Kikuchi kn-aut-mei=Susumu aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Depertment of Industrial Science affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Depertment of Industrial Science affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Depertment of Industrial Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=4 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=51 end-page=56 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1969 dt-pub=19690901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Gas-phase Mass Transfer Resistance in Rotational-current Tray en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this report, the average holding time of gas in foaming layer and the number of transfer units based on gas-phase of the Rotational-current tray were considered experimentally. The average holding time was determined by water-air system. On the other hand, the number of transfer units was determined by water-ammonia-air system that gas-phase resistance controlled. The average holding time increases with gas and liquid velocities, and does not change with the tray dimensions clearly. From the experimental results of the number of transfer units, it was found that the tray can be operated at high efficiency up to larger gas and liquid flow rates than that of sieve trays. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TakahashiTeruo kn-aut-sei=Takahashi kn-aut-mei=Teruo aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=AkagiYasuharu kn-aut-sei=Akagi kn-aut-mei=Yasuharu aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Chemistry affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Okayama College of Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=4 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=57 end-page=64 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1969 dt-pub=19690901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effect of Nozzle Length on Breakup Length of Liquid Jet en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Although the stability of Newtonian liquid jet has been investigated experimentally and theoretically, many problems has remained unsolved. Especially, the stability of liquid jets in immiscible liquid systems has been little studied. Furthermore, one has to point out that the stability of jets may be influenced by the turbulence in the nozzle and the velocity profile. This work presents the experimental result about the effect of the nozzle length on the breakup length of liquid jets in the air and in the immiscible liquid, as the beginning of a systematic investigation of the influence by these factors on the breakup of jet. The dependence of the initial amplitude of surface disturbances on the nozzle geometry is presented for evaluating the effect of the nozzle length on the breakup length of laminar liquid jet in the air and in the immiscible liquid. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TakahashiTeruo kn-aut-sei=Takahashi kn-aut-mei=Teruo aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KitamuraYoshiro kn-aut-sei=Kitamura kn-aut-mei=Yoshiro aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Chemistry affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Chemistry END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=4 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=65 end-page=73 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1969 dt-pub=19690901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=On the Speed Control of a Three Phase Squirrel Cage Induction Motor Controlled by a Variable Frequency Three Phase Thyristor Inverter en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=As one of the wide application of thyristor circuits, the inverter has a promising future and has been investigated vigorously. On the speed control of a squirrel cage induction motor by using a variable frequency thyristor inverter, although few papers have been presented, there seems to be many problems to be solved imminently. In this paper, the stability of performance of a thyristor inverter on this theme has been confirmed and some particular points with relation to practical use also have been discussed. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HimeiToyoji kn-aut-sei=Himei kn-aut-mei=Toyoji aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=FujitsukaTakeshi kn-aut-sei=Fujitsuka kn-aut-mei=Takeshi aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=InoueJyunichi kn-aut-sei=Inoue kn-aut-mei=Jyunichi aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=3 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=13 end-page=16 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1968 dt-pub=19680901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=On the Friction Coefficient for Turbulent Flow ThroughSectionally Roughened Square Ducts en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The friction coefficient of sectionally rough pipes has not been studied yet. The friction coefficient for turbulent flow through sectionally roughened square ducts is experimentally studied. Four arrangements of rough surfaces are used to obtain the sectionally roughened square ducts. It is attempted to predict the friction coefficient for sectionally roughened square ducts from the friction coefficients for alloverly roughened and smooth square ducts. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HiroseKoji kn-aut-sei=Hirose kn-aut-mei=Koji aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=AsanoYoshihiro kn-aut-sei=Asano kn-aut-mei=Yoshihiro aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=3 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=11 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1968 dt-pub=19680901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Mechanism of Fatigue Fracture (On the Distribution of Plastic Strain around Fatigue Cracks) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Broadly speaking, there are three kinds of approaches to investigate the deformation and fracture of materials, that is, the microscopic (metallurgical), macroscopic(mechanical) and theoretical (mathematical) researches. It is necessary, however, to bridge the gap which persists among of them. Many investigations on the form of plastically deformed zone at a crack tip, the distribution of plastic strain in plastic zone and fracture criterion have been made for the purpose to clarify the mechanism on initiation and propagation of cracks. In this paper, the authors report the studies, from the standpoint of microscopic views, on the crystal deformation at the tip of crac's in notched specimen during fatigue process. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HondaKazuo kn-aut-sei=Honda kn-aut-mei=Kazuo aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KonagaTetsuro kn-aut-sei=Konaga kn-aut-mei=Tetsuro aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=3 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=31 end-page=37 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1968 dt-pub=19680901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Statical Characteristics of the Wall Reattachment Fluidic Devices en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This study is concerned with a developed method for obtaining the quantitative relations between the input or output characteristics and the geometric parameters of the wall reattachment fiuidic devices. In this report, it is shown analytically and experimentally that the characteristics can be represented by the functions, dependent on the geometric parameters only, with non dimensional quantities, if the Reynolds number at the main jet nozzle is sufficiently large. Accordingly, the quantitative relations of the geometric parameters may be analyzed more easily. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=WadaTsutomu kn-aut-sei=Wada kn-aut-mei=Tsutomu aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=ShimizuAkira kn-aut-sei=Shimizu kn-aut-mei=Akira aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Science affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=3 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=23 end-page=29 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1968 dt-pub=19680901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Optimal Design of Extraction Processes by Gradient Methods en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This paper deals with the optimization problem of extraction processes with recycle and immiscible solvent. Gradient methods using control variable iteration require a trial and error procedure to solve process and overall equations for this problem. A new formulation is presented to eliminate such a trial and error procedure. First order and second-order convergence gradient methods were applied to determine the optimum solvent distribution in cross-current extraction with recycle and immiscible solvent. The Fletcher-Powell method converged most rapidly in all cases. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=SayamaHayatoshi kn-aut-sei=Sayama kn-aut-mei=Hayatoshi aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=OiKo kn-aut-sei=Oi kn-aut-mei=Ko aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Science affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=3 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=101 end-page=105 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1968 dt-pub=19680901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Potential Sweep Voltammetry of Na(2)O-SiO(2) Glass Melt by Stationary Platinum Electrodes en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Potential sweep voltammetries of Na(2)O?SiO(2) and Na(2)O?2SiO(2) at 730-1200‹C were performed with the stationary platinum wire electrode and with the sweep rates of 40 and 120mV/sec. Although current-potential relation of Na(2)O . SiO(2) at 1200‹C gave stationary S-shape pattern, those of the rest were transient modes with hysteresis. From the voltammetric considerations, a reversible oxygen electrode process where diffuion of free oxygen anion or silicate anion may be a rate-determining stage was tentatively proposed. Approximate estimations of decomposition voltage supported that a sole reaction process such as the decomposition of Na(2)O or indirect decomposition of SiO(2) in the melt was most probable. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HiraiTaketsugu kn-aut-sei=Hirai kn-aut-mei=Taketsugu aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TakahashiKatsuaki kn-aut-sei=Takahashi kn-aut-mei=Katsuaki aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Synthetics Chemistry affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Chemistry, School of Engineering, Okayama University END