start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=43 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=47 end-page=52 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1974 dt-pub=1974 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Chemical Composition and Quality of Silage : (XII) The Influence of Fermentative Quality on the Digestibility and Nitrogen Utilization of Silage kn-title=サイレージの化学成分と品質に関する研究 (第12報)サイレージの発酵的品質が消化率ならびに窒素の利用性におよぼす影響 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=出穂期のイタリアンライグラスを材料に用い,材料の細切度,埋蔵密度および重石の量を調節し,発酵的品質の異なる2区サイレージを調製した. ヒツジおよびin vitro法によって消化率を査定するとともにヒツジにより窒素出能を調査し,サイレージの発酵的品質と飼料価値との関係を検討した. 結果の要約は次のようである. (1)でき上がりサイレージのpH価は,A区4.39,B区4.79,評点は,A区60点,B区47点であった. (2)ヒツジによる消化試験の結果,サイレージの中期物の消化率はA区61.5％,B区58.8％であり,粗タンパク質の消化率は,A区48.4％,B区43.6％であった. そして,サイレージのDCP含量は,A区0.92％,B区0.75％,TDN含量は,A区14.62％,B区13.54％であった. (3)in vitro法による乾物の消化率は,A区64.6％,B区61.5％,同じくタンパク質の消化率は,A区56.0％,B区54.4％であった. (4)ヒツジの窒素蓄積率は劣質サイレージを給与した場合より,良質サイレージを給与した場合の方が高くなる傾向にあった。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UchidaSenji en-aut-sei=Uchida en-aut-mei=Senji kn-aut-name=内田仙二 kn-aut-sei=内田 kn-aut-mei=仙二 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SutohHiroshi en-aut-sei=Sutoh en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=須藤浩 kn-aut-sei=須藤 kn-aut-mei=浩 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakaguchiEi en-aut-sei=Sakaguchi en-aut-mei=Ei kn-aut-name=坂口英 kn-aut-sei=坂口 kn-aut-mei=英 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=99 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=13 end-page=20 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2010 dt-pub=20100201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=土壌改質材 FFC エースによるオオムギの生育と収量の促進効果 kn-title=Enhancement of Growth and Yield of Barley by the Soil Conditioner FFC-ace en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=本報は，潟Gフエフシー・ジャパンから販売されている土壌改質材FFCエースTMの作物の生長促進効果について，2006年11月から翌年６月，本学農学部内の実験圃場で実施された，オオムギの生育ならびに収量調査に関する試験結果をとりまとめたものである．実施圃場の砂土壌にFFCエースを所定量混和した区画を設け，オオムギの種子を播種した．なお，対照区は非導入土壌とした．定期的に行った生育調査の結果，FFCエースを導入した土壌では非導入の区画と比べて，生育初期における根の生育が良好となり，地上部における分けつ数の増加とともに穂の生長も旺盛となって，１穂当たりの収穫量（粒数）の著しい増加をもたらした．結果，FFCエース導入区における全収量は非導入区と比べて約1.7倍となった．また，それぞれから収穫したオオムギ粒に含まれる栄養価ならびに無機元素類の量には，FFCエースの導入，非導入によって大きな違いは認められず，導入の効果は収量に大きく反映された．事実，調査期間中に行った測定から，FFCエースを投入した土壌で生育するオオムギ葉は高いクロロフィル量を示しており，光合成が促進されているものと考えられた．実際，播種後４ヶ月目以降，光合成ならびに蒸散速度値を測定した結果，FFCエース導入区で生育したオオムギでは常に高い値を示した．また，FFCエースの導入によって強光条件下における水利用効率が促進された．本報告では，FFCエースの投与と空気中からの二酸化炭素の吸収量との関連について考察するとともに，併せて，FFCエースの土壌への導入によって作物の生育に必要な灌水量を大きく減らすことができる可能性についても言及したい． kn-abstract=The effects of a unique soil conditioner, FFC-ace, on photosynthesis, transpiration, growth and yield of barley were examined in a field experiment. FFC-ace well-mixed with sandy soil greatly enhanced root and shoot growth, tillering and the number of grains per stock. The total yield in the treated plot increased by about 172%. The plants grown in the FFC-ace plot were greener and contained a higher level of chlorophyll, compared with the control. Photosynthesis and transpiration, which are tightly linked to productivity were also significantly enhanced at the broad range of photon flux observed in our study. The quality of grain harvested from the FFC-ace plot was similar to the control plot in terms of nutritional and inorganic components. The increased photosynthesis in the FFC-ace treated barley reflects a higher absorption of CO(2) from the atmosphere. It was also noted that the efficiency of water utilization for photosynthesis was significantly greater under the high light intensity in the treated plot. The relationship between application of FFC-ace and absorption of atmospheric CO(2) is discussed. Our investigation provides data showing that application of FFC-ace to soil significantly reduces water requirements for plant growth and yield. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FujitaKeiko en-aut-sei=Fujita en-aut-mei=Keiko kn-aut-name=藤田景子 kn-aut-sei=藤田 kn-aut-mei=景子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiTomoko en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Tomoko kn-aut-name=鈴木智子 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=智子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HasegawaSachiko en-aut-sei=Hasegawa en-aut-mei=Sachiko kn-aut-name=長谷川幸子 kn-aut-sei=長谷川 kn-aut-mei=幸子 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MeguroAkane en-aut-sei=Meguro en-aut-mei=Akane kn-aut-name=目黒あかね kn-aut-sei=目黒 kn-aut-mei=あかね aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugiuraHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Sugiura en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name=杉浦裕幸 kn-aut-sei=杉浦 kn-aut-mei=裕幸 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyodaKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Toyoda en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name=豊田和弘 kn-aut-sei=豊田 kn-aut-mei=和弘 aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShiraishiTomonori en-aut-sei=Shiraishi en-aut-mei=Tomonori kn-aut-name=白石友紀 kn-aut-sei=白石 kn-aut-mei=友紀 aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakaguchiEi en-aut-sei=Sakaguchi en-aut-mei=Ei kn-aut-name=坂口英 kn-aut-sei=坂口 kn-aut-mei=英 aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishimuraTomio en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Tomio kn-aut-name=西村富生 kn-aut-sei=西村 kn-aut-mei=富生 aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=KunohHitoshi en-aut-sei=Kunoh en-aut-mei=Hitoshi kn-aut-name=久能均 kn-aut-sei=久能 kn-aut-mei=均 aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=叶ﾔ塚植物園・生物機能開発研究所 affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=9 en-affil= kn-affil=叶ﾔ塚植物園・生物機能開発研究所 affil-num=10 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) kn-keyword=barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) en-keyword=enhanced growth and yield kn-keyword=enhanced growth and yield en-keyword=FFC-ace (soil conditioner) kn-keyword=FFC-ace (soil conditioner) en-keyword=enhanced photosynthesis and transpiration kn-keyword=enhanced photosynthesis and transpiration en-keyword=chemical analysis of grains kn-keyword=chemical analysis of grains END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=104 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=23 end-page=34 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2015 dt-pub=20150201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Why do rabbits ingest their feces ? kn-title=ウサギはなぜ糞を食べる？ en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=　The utilization of dietary energy and protein must depend on microbial activity in the gut in every herbivore. For animals adopting the cecum as a microbial habitat, from the viewpoint of the protein utilization, the position of the cecum in the digestive tract is less advantageous than that of foregut fermenters. As a solution to this problem, cecum fermenters perform cecotrophy in order to utilize microbial protein proliferating in the cecum. Cecotrophy is supported by the mechanism that separates microbes from digesta in the colon, sends them back into the cecum and promotes microbial proliferation in the cecum. The colonic separation mechanism can be classified into two types. One is the mucus-trap type separation of bacteria with mucus from digesta in the proximal colon of rodents. The other is the wash-back type separation of particle phase of the colonic contents and liquid phase containing microbes in the colon of rabbits. For microbes guaranteed to inhabit the cecum under colonic separation mechanism, it is necessary for them to obtain sufficient nutrients for survival and proliferation. The source of nitrogen is easily obtained as urea transfered from the blood flow. On the other hand, the energy source is considered to be the limiting factor for bacterial proliferation due to the limited amount of easily usable energy source. In fact, cecal microbial proliferation of rabbits and guinea pigs increases when adding indigestible but fermentable sugars to the feed. As a result, the amount of cecotrophy increases, and the percentage of nitrogen accumulation in the body tends to increase. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakaguchiEi en-aut-sei=Sakaguchi en-aut-mei=Ei kn-aut-name=坂口英 kn-aut-sei=坂口 kn-aut-mei=英 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学農学部 en-keyword=Small herbivore kn-keyword=Small herbivore en-keyword=Cecum kn-keyword=Cecum en-keyword=Nitrogen metabolism kn-keyword=Nitrogen metabolism en-keyword=Cecotrophy kn-keyword=Cecotrophy END