To clarify to what extent topically administered drug molecules horizontally permeate into tissues surrounding the administration site, the intramuscular lateral concentration profile of acetaminophen was investigated in vivo using the microdialysis method in rats. When acetaminophen was intramuscularly administered for 6 hr in a pinpoint manner at a constant rate of 3 μg/min, it was clearly detected in the muscle surrounding the administration site, being 17.5 μg/ml when measured at a 2 mm distance from the administration site. The concentration in the muscle was decreased as the distance increased, and those measured at 5 mm and 40 mm were 0.35 μg/ml and 0.09 μg/ml, respectively. In addition, it was shown that the concentration in the muscle at 40 mm reflected the compound’s concentration in plasma, but not the compound’s horizontal permeation from the administration site. With these observations, the intramuscular distribution profile of acetaminophen was numerically characterized according to Fick’s law. As a result, it was revealed that horizontal permeation is the primary process accountable for the increased intramuscular concentration only in the area adjacent to the administration site, and the radius of the adjacent area was calculated to be 5.80 mm for acetaminophen.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KurosakiYuji en-aut-sei=Kurosaki en-aut-mei=Yuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TagawaMasahiro en-aut-sei=Tagawa en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OmotoAkiho en-aut-sei=Omoto en-aut-mei=Akiho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuitoHiroshi en-aut-sei=Suito en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KomoriYukiko en-aut-sei=Komori en-aut-mei=Yukiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawasakiHiromu en-aut-sei=Kawasaki en-aut-mei=Hiromu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=AibaTetsuya en-aut-sei=Aiba en-aut-mei=Tetsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Environmental Sciences, Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University en-keyword=Microdialysis kn-keyword=Microdialysis en-keyword=Intramuscular concentration profile kn-keyword=Intramuscular concentration profile en-keyword=Drug disposition kn-keyword=Drug disposition en-keyword=Acetaminophen kn-keyword=Acetaminophen en-keyword=Pharmacokinetics kn-keyword=Pharmacokinetics en-keyword=Drug delivery kn-keyword=Drug delivery END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=89 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2008 dt-pub=20080520 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Chronic coadministration of carbamazepine together with imipramine produces antidepressant-like effects in an ACTH-induced animal model of treatment–resistant depression: Involvement of 5-HT 2A receptors? en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The use of carbamazepine has been reported to be an effective treatment for severe depression. We have already shown that the antidepressant-like effects of tricyclic antidepressants in the rat forced swim test (FST) are blocked by chronic treatment with adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). In the present study, we examined the effect of the chronic administration of carbamazepine on the FST and the wet-dog shakes induced by (+/-)-1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2-aiminopropane (DOI), a 5-HT2A receptor agonist, in ACTH-treated rats. Chronic administration of carbamazepine did not affect the duration of immobility in saline-treated and ACTH-treated rats. The reduction of immobility, induced by chronic administration of imipramine, was blocked by treatment with ACTH. When carbamazepine was administered concurrently with imipramine, we observed a significant decrease in immobility in rats treated with ACTH. Chronic ACTH treatment increased the number of the wet-dog shakes induced by DOI. This effect of ACTH was significantly increased by the coadministration of carbamazepine and imipramine. These results suggest that the use of carbamazepine together with tricyclic antidepressants had the effect of reducing immobility time in the FST in a tricyclic antidepressant-treatment-resistant depressive model induced by chronic ACTH treatment.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KitamuraYoshihisa en-aut-sei=Kitamura en-aut-mei=Yoshihisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkiyamaKozue en-aut-sei=Akiyama en-aut-mei=Kozue kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitagawaKouhei en-aut-sei=Kitagawa en-aut-mei=Kouhei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShibataKazuhiko en-aut-sei=Shibata en-aut-mei=Kazuhiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawasakiHiromu en-aut-sei=Kawasaki en-aut-mei=Hiromu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuemaruKatsuya en-aut-sei=Suemaru en-aut-mei=Katsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=ArakiHiroaki en-aut-sei=Araki en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=SendoToshiaki en-aut-sei=Sendo en-aut-mei=Toshiaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=GomitaYutaka en-aut-sei=Gomita en-aut-mei=Yutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University Medical School affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University Medical School affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University Medical School affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Ehime University Medical School affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Ehime University Medical School affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University Medical School affil-num=9 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University Medical School en-keyword=Imipramine kn-keyword=Imipramine en-keyword=Carbamazepine kn-keyword=Carbamazepine en-keyword=ACTH kn-keyword=ACTH en-keyword=5-HT2A receptor kn-keyword=5-HT2A receptor en-keyword=Forced swim test kn-keyword=Forced swim test en-keyword=Wet-dog shakes kn-keyword=Wet-dog shakes en-keyword=Treatment–resistant kn-keyword=Treatment–resistant END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=150 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=730 end-page=741 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2008 dt-pub=20080528 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Angiotensin II type 2 receptors facilitate reinnervation of phenol-lesioned vascular calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-containing nerves in rat mesenteric arteries en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The present study was designed to investigate involvement of angiotensin (Ang) II type 2 receptors (AT2 receptors) in restoration of perivascular nerve innervation injured by topical phenol treatment. Male Wistar rats underwent in vivo topical application of 10% phenol around the superior mesenteric artery. After phenol treatment, animals were subjected to immunohistochemistry of the third branch of small arteries, Western blot analysis of AT2 receptor protein expression in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and studies of mesenteric neurogenic vasoresponsiveness. Ang II (750 ng/kg/day), nerve growth factor (NGF; 20 μg/kg/day) and PD123,319 (AT2 receptor antagonist; 10 mg/kg/day) were intraperitoneally administered for 7 days using osmotic mini-pumps immediately after topical phenol treatment. Losartan (AT1 receptor antagonist) was administered in drinking water (0.025%). Phenol treatment markedly reduced densities of both calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-like immunoreactivity (LI)- and neuropeptide Y (NPY)-LI-containing fibers. NGF restored densities of both nerve fibers to the Sham control level. Coadministration of Ang II and losartan significantly increased the density of CGRP-LI-fibers but not NPY-LI-fibers compared with saline control. The increase of the density of CGRP-LI-fibers by coadministration of Ang II and losartan was suppressed by adding PD123,319. Coadministration of Ang II and losartan ameliorated reduction of CGRP nerve-mediated vasodilation of perfused mesenteric arteries caused by phenol treatment. The AT2 receptor protein expression detected in DRG was markedly increased by NGF. These results suggest that selective stimulation of AT2 receptors by Ang II facilitates reinnervation of mesenteric perivascular CGRP-containing nerves injured by topical phenol application in the rat.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HobaraNarumi en-aut-sei=Hobara en-aut-mei=Narumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=GodaMitsuhiro en-aut-sei=Goda en-aut-mei=Mitsuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaNamika en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Namika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakatoriShingo en-aut-sei=Takatori en-aut-mei=Shingo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitamuraYoshihisa en-aut-sei=Kitamura en-aut-mei=Yoshihisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MioMitsunobu en-aut-sei=Mio en-aut-mei=Mitsunobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawasakiHiromu en-aut-sei=Kawasaki en-aut-mei=Hiromu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Shujitsu University School of Pharmacy affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Shujitsu University School of Pharmacy affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University en-keyword=Angiotensin II type 2 receptors kn-keyword=Angiotensin II type 2 receptors en-keyword=Phenol-induced perivascular nerve injury kn-keyword=Phenol-induced perivascular nerve injury en-keyword=Calcitonin gene-related peptide-containing nerves kn-keyword=Calcitonin gene-related peptide-containing nerves en-keyword=Neuropeptide Y-containing nerves kn-keyword=Neuropeptide Y-containing nerves en-keyword=Neurotrophic kn-keyword=Neurotrophic en-keyword=Rat mesenteric artery kn-keyword=Rat mesenteric artery END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=61 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=311 end-page=317 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2007 dt-pub=200712 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Influence of Hyperactivity of the Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal Axis and Hyperglycemia on the 5-HT2A Receptor-mediated Wet-dog Shake Responses in Rats en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis induces hyperglycemia and serotonin (5-HT)2A receptor supersensitivity. In the present study, to investigate the effect of hyperglycemia on the function of 5-HT2A receptors, we compared the 5-HT2A receptor-mediated wet-dog shake responses in rats treated with adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), dexamethasone and streptozotocin. ACTH (100 μg/rat per day, s.c.), dexamethasone (1 mg/kg per day, s.c.) and streptozotocin (60 mg/kg, i.p.) produced significant hyperglycemia at 14 days after the start of these treatments, and the hyperglycemia was most pronounced in the streptozotocin-treated rats. The wet-dog shake responses induced by (±)-1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2-aminopropane (DOI), a 5-HT2A receptor agonist, were significantly enhanced at 14 days after repeated treatment with ACTH and dexamethasone. However, streptozotocin-induced diabetes had no effect on the wet-dog shake responses. The results of the present study suggest that hyperglycemia is not strongly associated with the enhanced susceptibility of 5-HT2A receptors under the condition of hyperactivity of the HPA axis.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UmedaYuichi en-aut-sei=Umeda en-aut-mei=Yuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=AmanoManabu en-aut-sei=Amano en-aut-mei=Manabu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuemaruKatsuya en-aut-sei=Suemaru en-aut-mei=Katsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamaguchiTakumi en-aut-sei=Yamaguchi en-aut-mei=Takumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitamuraYoshihisa en-aut-sei=Kitamura en-aut-mei=Yoshihisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=GomitaYutaka en-aut-sei=Gomita en-aut-mei=Yutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawasakiHiromu en-aut-sei=Kawasaki en-aut-mei=Hiromu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=ArakiHiroaki en-aut-sei=Araki en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Ehime University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Ehime University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Ehime University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University Hospital affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University Hospital affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=Ehime University en-keyword=hyperglycemia kn-keyword=hyperglycemia en-keyword=ACTH kn-keyword=ACTH en-keyword=dexamethasone kn-keyword=dexamethasone en-keyword=streptozotocin kn-keyword=streptozotocin en-keyword=5-HT2A receptor kn-keyword=5-HT2A receptor END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=61 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=205 end-page=212 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2007 dt-pub=200708 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effects of Physical and Psychological Stress on 5-HT2A Receptor-mediated Wet-dog Shake Responses in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Several epidemiological and clinical studies have indicated that the prevalence of psychiatric disorders is higher in diabetic patients than in the general population. In the present studies, we examined the behavioral changes in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, and investigated the effects of physical and psychological stress on the hippocampal BDNF levels and on the serotonin 2A (5-HT2A) receptor-mediated wet-dog shake responses. The streptozotocin (60 mg/kg, i.p.)-induced diabetes had no significant effects on the immobility time in the forced swim test or on locomotor activity in the open-field test. Moreover, there was no significant difference in the wet-dog shake responses induced by DOI, a 5-HT2A receptor agonist, between nondiabetic and diabetic rats. Five-day exposure to physical (electric footshock) and psychological (non-footshock) stress had no signifi cant effect on the hippocampal BDNF level in diabetic or nondiabetic rats. The 2 types of stress had no significant effect on the DOI-induced wet-dog shake responses in nondiabetic rats. In diabetic rats, the repeated exposure to physical stress markedly increased the DOI-induced wet-dog shake responses, but the repeated exposure to psychological stress had no effect. These results suggest that exposure to physical stress augmented the susceptibility to the wet-dog shake responses to 5-HT2A receptor stimulation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AmanoManabu en-aut-sei=Amano en-aut-mei=Manabu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuemaruKatsuya en-aut-sei=Suemaru en-aut-mei=Katsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=CuiRanji en-aut-sei=Cui en-aut-mei=Ranji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=UmedaYuichi en-aut-sei=Umeda en-aut-mei=Yuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=LiBingjin en-aut-sei=Li en-aut-mei=Bingjin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=GomitaYutaka en-aut-sei=Gomita en-aut-mei=Yutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawasakiHiromu en-aut-sei=Kawasaki en-aut-mei=Hiromu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=ArakiHiroaki en-aut-sei=Araki en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Ehime University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Ehime University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Ehime University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Ehime University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=Ehime University en-keyword=streptozotocin kn-keyword=streptozotocin en-keyword=physical stress kn-keyword=physical stress en-keyword=psychological stress kn-keyword=psychological stress en-keyword=5-HT2A receptor kn-keyword=5-HT2A receptor en-keyword=wet-dog shake kn-keyword=wet-dog shake END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=54 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=45 end-page=48 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2000 dt-pub=200002 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Influence of exposure to new circumstances on pharmacokinetics of plasma drugs concentrations in rats. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The influences of emotional changes induced by being exposed to a new environment on the pharmacokinetics of plasma drug concentration were studied in male Wistar rats. Transfer from a familiar home cage to a new home cage was considered to induce psychological (non-physical) emotional changes. First, nicorandil and zonisamide, drugs that act on the peripheral system and central nervous systems, were used, respectively. Immediately after oral administration of nicorandil (10 mg/kg) or zonisamide (50 mg/kg), the animals were transferred to new home cages. Plasma nicorandil and zonisamide concentrations were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography at 1 and 4 h after administration. Plasma nicorandil concentration in the group transferred to new home cages was significantly decreased relative to levels in the non-transferred control group. However, zonisamide concentrations were unchanged. These findings suggest that the pharmacokinetics of nicorandil, but not those of zonisamide, tend to be influenced by non-physically induced emotional changes.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HashimotoYasuhiko en-aut-sei=Hashimoto en-aut-mei=Yasuhiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawasakiHiromu en-aut-sei=Kawasaki en-aut-mei=Hiromu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=GomitaYutaka en-aut-sei=Gomita en-aut-mei=Yutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=psychologically induced emotional changes kn-keyword=psychologically induced emotional changes en-keyword=drug plasma concentration kn-keyword=drug plasma concentration en-keyword=nicorandil kn-keyword=nicorandil en-keyword=zonisamide kn-keyword=zonisamide END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=55 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=277 end-page=282 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=200111 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Dopaminergic neurotransmission triggers ischemia-induced hyperactivity in Mongolian gerbils. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=It is recognized that sustained ischemia-induced hyperactivity is related to abnormalities in dopamine function. However, it is unclear that dopaminergic neurotransmission triggers such ischemia-induced hyperactivity. Therefore, the relationship between dopaminergic neurotransmission and ischemia-induced hyperactivity was investigated in an animal model using Mongolian gerbils. When haloperidol 2 mg/kg was administered i.p. 30 min after ischemia, the ischemia-induced hyperactivity at 24 h after ischemia was blocked. General behavior was similar to that of sham-operated animals. Haloperidol at doses of 0.1 and 0.2 mg/kg had no effect on locomotor activity in sham-operated animals and decreased ischemia-induced hyperactivity when the drug was administered 24 h after ischemia; these doses did not have any effect on ischemia-induced hyperactivity when the drug was administered 30 min after ischemia. On the other hand, when the animal was confined to a small, restrictive cage for the 24 h period immediately following ischemic injury, locomotor activity at 24 h after ischemia increased. Such behavior also increased in animals when they were returned to their original more permissive cages immediately after ischemia. It is conceivable that the decrease in the level of activity was not related to ischemia-induced hyperactivity. These data suggested that the inhibition of ischemia-induced hyperactivity can be induced by complete blockage of dopaminergic receptors immediately after ischemia.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamamotoTakahiro en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ArakiHiroaki en-aut-sei=Araki en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FutagamiKoujiro en-aut-sei=Futagami en-aut-mei=Koujiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawasakiHiromu en-aut-sei=Kawasaki en-aut-mei=Hiromu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=GomitaYutaka en-aut-sei=Gomita en-aut-mei=Yutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=ischemia kn-keyword=ischemia en-keyword=hyperativity kn-keyword=hyperativity en-keyword=dopamine kn-keyword=dopamine en-keyword=haloperidol kn-keyword=haloperidol en-keyword=Mongolian gerbils kn-keyword=Mongolian gerbils END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=63 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=273 end-page=280 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2009 dt-pub=200910 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effect of Brewer's Yeast-Induced Pyrexia on Aminophylline-Elicited Convulsions in Mice en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Theophylline-associated convulsions have been observed most frequently in children with fever, but the mechanism is not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the basic mechanism of aminophylline [theophylline-2-ethylenediamine]-induced convulsions and the effects of Brewer's yeast-induced pyrexia in mice. Diazepam (5-10mg/kg, i.p.), a benzodiazepine receptor agonist, significantly prolonged the onset and significantly decreased the incidence of convulsions induced by aminophylline (350mg/kg, i.p.). However, the gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA)A receptor agonist muscimol (1-4mg/kg, i.p.), the GABAB receptor agonist baclofen (2-4mg/kg, i.p.) and the N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor antagonist dizocilpine (0.1-0.3mg/kg, i.p.) failed to protect against the convulsions. 20% Brewer's yeast (0.02ml/g, s.c.) increased body temperature by 1.03, and also significantly shortened the onset and significantly increased the incidence of convulsions induced by aminophylline. The anticonvulsant action of diazepam (2.5-10mg/kg, i.p.) on the convulsions induced by aminophylline was reduced by Brewer's yeast-induced pyrexia. The proconvulsant actions of the GABAA receptor antagonists picrotoxin (3-4mg/kg, i.p.) and pentylenetetrazol (40-60mg/kg, i.p.) were enhanced by Brewer's yeast. These results suggest that the anticonvulsant action of diazepam against aminophylline is reduced by Brewer's yeast-induced pyrexia, and that GABAA receptors are involved in the aggravation of the convulsions by Brewer's yeast in mice.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OchiRika en-aut-sei=Ochi en-aut-mei=Rika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuemaruKatsuya en-aut-sei=Suemaru en-aut-mei=Katsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawasakiHiromu en-aut-sei=Kawasaki en-aut-mei=Hiromu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ArakiHiroaki en-aut-sei=Araki en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences en-keyword=theophylline kn-keyword=theophylline en-keyword=seizures kn-keyword=seizures en-keyword=pyrexia kn-keyword=pyrexia en-keyword=Brewer's yeast kn-keyword=Brewer's yeast en-keyword=GABAA receptor kn-keyword=GABAA receptor END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=63 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=105 end-page=111 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2009 dt-pub=200904 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Beneficial effects of Vitis coignetiae Pulliat leaves on nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in a rat model en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Vitis coignetiae Pulliat (Yamabudo) is used as a health juice and wine based on the abundant polyphenols and anthocyanins in its fruit. However, it is not known whether the leaves of this plant confer similar benefits. This study investigated the hepatoprotective effects of aqueous extracts from Vitis coignetiae Pulliat leaves (VCPL) in an animal model of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Rats were fed a choline-deficient high-fat diet for four weeks to generate fatty livers. NASH was induced by oxidative stress loading. Ten weeks later, blood and liver samples were collected from anesthetized animals and assessed biochemically, histologically, and histochemically to determine the extent of oxidative stress injury and the overall effects of VCPL. Six-week VCPL extract supplementation reduced serum levels of liver enzymes, decreased CYP2E1 induction, increased plasma antioxidant activities and delayed the progression of liver fibrosis. The findings suggested that VCPL has strong radical-scavenging activity and may be beneficial in preventing NASH progression.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakayamaFusako en-aut-sei=Takayama en-aut-mei=Fusako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamotoKazuo en-aut-sei=Nakamoto en-aut-mei=Kazuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawasakiHiromu en-aut-sei=Kawasaki en-aut-mei=Hiromu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MankuraMitsumasa en-aut-sei=Mankura en-aut-mei=Mitsumasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=EgashiraToru en-aut-sei=Egashira en-aut-mei=Toru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=UekiKeiji en-aut-sei=Ueki en-aut-mei=Keiji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HasegawaAzusa en-aut-sei=Hasegawa en-aut-mei=Azusa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkadaShigeru en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Shigeru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriAkitane en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=Akitane kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Anti-Aging Food Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Anti-Aging Food Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Hiruzen Winery Co., Ltd. affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=Anti-Aging Food Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=9 en-affil= kn-affil=Anti-Aging Food Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences en-keyword=Yamabudo kn-keyword=Yamabudo en-keyword=nonalcoholic steatohepatitis kn-keyword=nonalcoholic steatohepatitis en-keyword=antioxidant kn-keyword=antioxidant en-keyword=hepatoprotection kn-keyword=hepatoprotection END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=52 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=169 end-page=171 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1998 dt-pub=199806 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Repeated Mazindol and Methamphetamine Administration Produces Cross-Sensitization to Stereotyped Behavior Induced by these Agents in Rats en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The cross-sensitization to stereotyped behavior between mazindol (MZD) and methamphetamine (MAP) was investigated in rats. MZD (5 and 10 mg/kg/day, p.o.), MAP (5 and 10 mg/kg/day, p.o.) and saline (1 ml/kg, p.o.) were administered once daily for a week. Challenge with MZD (10 mg/kg, p.o.) on the 8th day caused markedly stereotyped behavior in MAP-pretreated group compared with the saline-pretreated control group. MAP (10 mg/kg, p.o.)-induced stereotyped behavior on the 8th day was also greater in MZD-pretreated group rather than the saline-pretreated control group. These results suggest that repeated MZD and MAP administration cross-sensitizes to their stereotype-producing effects.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KawakamiYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Kawakami en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuemaruKatsuya en-aut-sei=Suemaru en-aut-mei=Katsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ArakiHiroaki en-aut-sei=Araki en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawasakiHiromu en-aut-sei=Kawasaki en-aut-mei=Hiromu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=GomitaYutaka en-aut-sei=Gomita en-aut-mei=Yutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanizakiYoshiro en-aut-sei=Tanizaki en-aut-mei=Yoshiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univeristy affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=mazindoi kn-keyword=mazindoi en-keyword=methamphetamine kn-keyword=methamphetamine en-keyword=cross-sensitization kn-keyword=cross-sensitization en-keyword=stereotyped behavior kn-keyword=stereotyped behavior END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=52 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=139 end-page=142 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1998 dt-pub=199806 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Steady-state serum concentrations of carbamazepine and valproic acid in obese and lean patients with epilepsy. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Steady-state serum concentrations of carbamazepine (CBZ) and valproic acid (VPA) were investigated in normal weight (body mass index; BMI 20 to 25), lean (smaller than 20 BMI) and moderately obese subjects (greater than 25 BMI) who received either 400 mg/day of CBZ or 800 mg/day of VPA. The CBZ serum concentration in lean subjects was significantly higher than that in normal weight subjects. However, no significant differences in VPA serum concentration were found between the three groups. The CBZ serum concentration decreased with increases in total body weight, and the VPA serum concentration decreased with increases in ideal body weight. However, both serum concentrations were not correlated with BMI. These results suggest that VPA doses should be calculated using ideal body weight and that degree of obesity may affect CBZ serum concentration rather than VPA serum concentration.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SuemaruKatsuya en-aut-sei=Suemaru en-aut-mei=Katsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawasakiHiromu en-aut-sei=Kawasaki en-aut-mei=Hiromu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YasuharaKanako en-aut-sei=Yasuhara en-aut-mei=Kanako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YaoKazuhisa en-aut-sei=Yao en-aut-mei=Kazuhisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=FurunoKatusushi en-aut-sei=Furuno en-aut-mei=Katusushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawakamiYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Kawakami en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=ArakiHiroaki en-aut-sei=Araki en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=GomitaYutaka en-aut-sei=Gomita en-aut-mei=Yutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkaEiji en-aut-sei=Oka en-aut-mei=Eiji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univeristy affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=9 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=carbamazepine kn-keyword=carbamazepine en-keyword=valproic acid kn-keyword=valproic acid en-keyword=serum concentration kn-keyword=serum concentration en-keyword=obesity kn-keyword=obesity en-keyword=lean kn-keyword=lean END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=62 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=319 end-page=325 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2008 dt-pub=200810 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Endothelium-derived Hyperpolarizing Factor (EDHF) Mediates Endothelium-dependent Vasodilator Effects of Aqueous Extracts from Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Leaves in Rat Mesenteric Resistance Arteries en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The vascular effects of an aqueous extract prepared from the leaves of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. (ELE), a medicinal herb commonly used in antihypertensive herbal prescriptions in China, were investigated in rat mesenteric resistance arteries. The mesenteric vascular bed was perfused with Krebs solution and the perfusion pressure was measured with a pressure transducer. In preparations with an intact endothelium and precontracted with 7μM methoxamine, perfusion of ELE (10－7－10－2mg/ml for 15min) caused a concentration-dependent vasodilatation, which was abolished by chemical removal of the endothelium. The ELE-induced vasodilatation was inhibited by neither indomethacin (INDO, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor) nor NG-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME, a nitric oxide inhibitor). The ELE-induced vasodilatation was significantly inhibited by tetraethylammonium (TEA, a K+ channel blocker) and 18α-glycyrrhetinic acid (18α-GA, a gap-junction inhibitor), and abolished by high K+ -containing Krebsʼ solution. Atropine (a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist) significantly inhibited the vasodilatation induced by ELE at high concentrations. These results suggest that the ELE-induced vasodilatation is endothelium-dependent but nitric oxide (NO)- and prostaglandin I2 (PGI2)-independent, and is mainly mediated by the endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF) in the mesenteric resistance arteries. Furthermore, the ELE-induced EDHF-mediated response involves the activation of K+-channels and gap junctions.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=JinXin en-aut-sei=Jin en-aut-mei=Xin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=Otonashi-SatohYukiko en-aut-sei=Otonashi-Satoh en-aut-mei=Yukiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SunPengyuan en-aut-sei=Sun en-aut-mei=Pengyuan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawamuraNaomi en-aut-sei=Kawamura en-aut-mei=Naomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsuboiTakashi en-aut-sei=Tsuboi en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamaguchiYasuyo en-aut-sei=Yamaguchi en-aut-mei=Yasuyo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=UedaTaro en-aut-sei=Ueda en-aut-mei=Taro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawasakiHiromu en-aut-sei=Kawasaki en-aut-mei=Hiromu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=R&D Center, Kobayashi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=R&D Center, Kobayashi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=R&D Center, Kobayashi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=R&D Center, Kobayashi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences en-keyword=Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. leaf extract kn-keyword=Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. leaf extract en-keyword=endothelium-dependent vasodilation kn-keyword=endothelium-dependent vasodilation en-keyword=endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor kn-keyword=endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor en-keyword=mesenteric resistance artery kn-keyword=mesenteric resistance artery END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=50 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=219 end-page=222 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1996 dt-pub=199608 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Omeprazole Suspension Following Oral Administration in Rats: Effect of Neutralization of Gastric Acid en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In order to evaluate a clinical use of omeprazole suspension, we examined the pharmacokinetics of omeprazole after oral administration in rats. Although the administration of omeprazole suspension buffered by NaHCO3 solution did not produce a significant increase in the area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) value compared with non-buffered group, the administration of NaHCO3 buffer immediately after dosing of omeprazole suspension buffered by NaHCO3 caused a significant increase in the AUC value. These results suggest that the NaHCO3 treatment following the administration of omeprazole buffered suspension effectively decreased the degradation of the compound by gastric acid. Therefore, the successive administration of NaHCO3 solution after the omeprazole dosing seems to be a simple and useful method for the administration to patients who cannot receive tablets.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WatanabeKazuhide en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Kazuhide kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsukaNaoyuki en-aut-sei=Matsuka en-aut-mei=Naoyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FurunoKatushi en-aut-sei=Furuno en-aut-mei=Katushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=EtoKohei en-aut-sei=Eto en-aut-mei=Kohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawasakiHiromu en-aut-sei=Kawasaki en-aut-mei=Hiromu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=GomitaYutaka en-aut-sei=Gomita en-aut-mei=Yutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univeristy affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=omeprazole kn-keyword=omeprazole en-keyword=suspension kn-keyword=suspension en-keyword=pharmacokinetics kn-keyword=pharmacokinetics en-keyword=rats kn-keyword=rats END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=49 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=271 end-page=274 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=199510 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effect of cigarette smoke on lipid peroxidation and liver function tests in rats. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The effect of cigarette smoke on organ weights, lipid peroxidation and plasma biochemical parameters was investigated in male Wistar rats. Daily exposure (for 20 min twice a day) to cigarette smoke for 27 days caused a significant decrease in liver weight and a significant increase in lung weight. The smoke-exposure group showed increased lipid peroxidation in the liver, but not in the lung. In the smoke-exposure group, the GOT, gamma-GTP, total bilirubin and LDH values were significantly higher than those in the control group, while the plasma glucose value was significantly lower. These results suggest that cigarette smoking might induce liver injury by enhancing lipid peroxidation.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WatanabeKazuhide en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Kazuhide kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=EtoKoehi en-aut-sei=Eto en-aut-mei=Koehi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FurunoKatsushi en-aut-sei=Furuno en-aut-mei=Katsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriTakaaki en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=Takaaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawasakiHiromu en-aut-sei=Kawasaki en-aut-mei=Hiromu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=GomitaYutaka en-aut-sei=Gomita en-aut-mei=Yutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Kawatetsu Mizushima Hospital affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=cigarette smoking kn-keyword=cigarette smoking en-keyword=lipid peroxidation kn-keyword=lipid peroxidation en-keyword=liver function kn-keyword=liver function en-keyword=rats kn-keyword=rats END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=49 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=237 end-page=240 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=199510 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effect of pregnancy on plasma phenobarbital concentrations in rats. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We examined the pharmacokinetics of phenobarbital before and during pregnancy in rats. Animals were divided into four groups: (a) control, (b) pregnant, (c) phenobarbital-treated, and (d) phenobarbital-treated pregnant groups. The increase in body weight of nonpregnant or pregnant rats was not influenced by long-term phenobarbital treatment. Plasma phenobarbital concentrations during the period of long-term phenobarbital treatment with a fixed dosage by body weight were not significantly affected by pregnancy. Furthermore, pregnancy did not affect pharmacokinetic parameters of phenobarbital between 0.25 and 24h after administration. These results suggest that pregnancy does not influence on the pharmacokinetics of long-term phenobarbital treatment at a fixed dosage by body weight.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MoriyamaMasahiro en-aut-sei=Moriyama en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=DomotoHaruyo en-aut-sei=Domoto en-aut-mei=Haruyo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamashitaSyoichi en-aut-sei=Yamashita en-aut-mei=Syoichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=FurunoKatsushi en-aut-sei=Furuno en-aut-mei=Katsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OishiRyozo en-aut-sei=Oishi en-aut-mei=Ryozo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawasakiHiromu en-aut-sei=Kawasaki en-aut-mei=Hiromu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=GomitaYutaka en-aut-sei=Gomita en-aut-mei=Yutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Kyushu University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=phenobarbital kn-keyword=phenobarbital en-keyword=pharmacokinetics kn-keyword=pharmacokinetics en-keyword=pregnancy kn-keyword=pregnancy en-keyword=plasma concentrations kn-keyword=plasma concentrations END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=49 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=201 end-page=204 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=199508 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effects of exposure to cigarette smoke on intestinal propulsion in rats. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The effects of acute exposure to cigarette smoke and systemic administration of nicotine on intestinal propulsion were investigated in rats. The propulsive activity was measured as migration of charcoal powder in the intestine. This activity was suppressed by acute exposure (10 min) to cigarette smoke and by nicotine (0.5 mg/kg x 2, s.c.) administration. This intestinal suppression was more marked in the rats given nicotine than in those exposed to cigarette smoke, whereas the plasma concentrations of nicotine in both rats were similar. These results suggest that acute exposure to cigarette smoke and nicotine administration delay gastric emptying and/or suppress intestinal propulsion, and that some components other than nicotine contained in cigarette smoke may attenuate the suppression of intestinal propulsion induced by nicotine.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FurunoKatsushi en-aut-sei=Furuno en-aut-mei=Katsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkazakiMasatoshi en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Masatoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=EtoKohei en-aut-sei=Eto en-aut-mei=Kohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawasakiHiromu en-aut-sei=Kawasaki en-aut-mei=Hiromu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=GomitaYutaka en-aut-sei=Gomita en-aut-mei=Yutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univresity affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=cigarette smoke kn-keyword=cigarette smoke en-keyword=nicotine kn-keyword=nicotine en-keyword=intestinal propulsion kn-keyword=intestinal propulsion END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=23 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=33 end-page=35 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2006 dt-pub=200612 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The pithed rats in research of the cardiovascular pharmacology kn-title=脊髄穿刺ラットを用いた循環薬理学的研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakatoriShingo en-aut-sei=Takatori en-aut-mei=Shingo kn-aut-name=髙取真吾 kn-aut-sei=髙取 kn-aut-mei=真吾 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawasakiHiromu en-aut-sei=Kawasaki en-aut-mei=Hiromu kn-aut-name=川﨑博己 kn-aut-sei=川﨑 kn-aut-mei=博己 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MioMitsunobu en-aut-sei=Mio en-aut-mei=Mitsunobu kn-aut-name=見尾光庸 kn-aut-sei=見尾 kn-aut-mei=光庸 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=就実大学薬学部薬効解析学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科臨床薬学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=就実大学薬学部薬効解析学 END