start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=39
cd-vols=
no-issue=5
article-no=
start-page=459
end-page=467
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2022
dt-pub=20220704
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Constant Light, Pdp1, and Tim Exert Influence on Free-Running Period of Locomotor Rhythms in the Cricket Gryllus bimaculatus
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Most insects show circadian rhythms of which the free-running period changes in a light-dependent manner and is generally longer under constant light (LL) than under constant dark conditions in nocturnal animals. However, the mechanism underlying this LL-dependent period change remains unclear. Here, using the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus, we examined the effects of long-term LL exposure on the free-running period of locomotor rhythms. Initially, the free-running period was considerably longer than 24 h but it gradually became shorter during long-term exposure to LL. The initiallengthening and ensuing gradual shortening under long-term LL exposure were observed evenafter unilateral removal of the optic lobe. Thus, these changes in the free-running period could be attributable to a single optic lobe clock. RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated silencing of the clock genes Par domain protein 1 (Pdp1) and timeless (tim) revealed that the treatments eliminated the initial period lengthening by LL without reducing circadian photoreceptor gene expression. However, they did not affect the period shortening during long-term LL exposure. The slopes of the regression line for the period change during long-term LL for Pdp1RNAi-treated and timRNAi-treated crickets were not different from that of the dsDsRed2-treated control. These results suggest that the initial period lengthening after transfer to LL requires tim and Pdp1, while the ensuing period shortening during long-term LL exposure is caused by a mechanism independent of tim and Pdp1. 
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MoriyamaYoshiyuki
en-aut-sei=Moriyama
en-aut-mei=Yoshiyuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TakeuchiKazuki
en-aut-sei=Takeuchi
en-aut-mei=Kazuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TomiokaKenji
en-aut-sei=Tomioka
en-aut-mei=Kenji
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Natural Sciences, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki 701-0192, Japan
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
kn-affil=
en-keyword=circadian rhythm
kn-keyword=circadian rhythm
en-keyword=cricket
kn-keyword=cricket
en-keyword=free-running period
kn-keyword=free-running period
en-keyword=constant light
kn-keyword=constant light
en-keyword=clock gene
kn-keyword=clock gene
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=6
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=12
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2020
dt-pub=20201111
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=The role of clockwork orange in the circadian clock of the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The circadian clock generates rhythms of approximately 24 h through periodic expression of the clock genes. In insects, the major clock genes period (per) and timeless (tim) are rhythmically expressed upon their transactivation by CLOCK/CYCLE, with peak levels in the early night. In Drosophila, clockwork orange (cwo) is known to inhibit the transcription of per and tim during the daytime to enhance the amplitude of the rhythm, but its function in other insects is largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the role of cwo in the clock mechanism of the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus. The results of quantitative RT-PCR showed that under a light/dark (LD) cycle, cwo is rhythmically expressed in the optic lobe (lamina-medulla complex) and peaks during the night. When cwo was knocked down via RNA interference (RNAi), some crickets lost their locomotor rhythm, while others maintained a rhythm but exhibited a longer free-running period under constant darkness (DD). In cwo(RNAi) crickets, all clock genes except for cryptochrome 2 (cry2) showed arrhythmic expression under DD; under LD, some of the clock genes showed higher mRNA levels, and tim showed rhythmic expression with a delayed phase. Based on these results, we propose that cwo plays an important role in the cricket circadian clock.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=TomiyamaYasuaki
en-aut-sei=Tomiyama
en-aut-mei=Yasuaki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ShinoharaTsugumichi
en-aut-sei=Shinohara
en-aut-mei=Tsugumichi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MatsukaMirai
en-aut-sei=Matsuka
en-aut-mei=Mirai
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=BandoTetsuya
en-aut-sei=Bando
en-aut-mei=Tetsuya
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MitoTaro
en-aut-sei=Mito
en-aut-mei=Taro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TomiokaKenji
en-aut-sei=Tomioka
en-aut-mei=Kenji
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Circadian clock
kn-keyword=Circadian clock
en-keyword=Clockwork orange
kn-keyword=Clockwork orange
en-keyword=Clock gene
kn-keyword=Clock gene
en-keyword=Cricket
kn-keyword=Cricket
en-keyword=cry2
kn-keyword=cry2
en-keyword=Molecular oscillation
kn-keyword=Molecular oscillation
en-keyword=Locomotor rhythm
kn-keyword=Locomotor rhythm
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=35
cd-vols=
no-issue=15
article-no=
start-page=6131
end-page=6141
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2015
dt-pub=20150415
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Cryptochrome-dependent and -independent circadian entrainment circuits in Drosophila.
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=　Entrainment to environmental light/dark (LD) cycles is a central function of circadian clocks. In Drosophila, entrainment is achieved by Cryptochrome (CRY) and input from the visual system. During activation by brief light pulses, CRY triggers the degradation of TIMELESS and subsequent shift in circadian phase. This is less important for LD entrainment, leading to questions regarding light input circuits and mechanisms from the visual system. Recent studies show that different subsets of brain pacemaker clock neurons, the morning (M) and evening (E) oscillators, have distinct functions in light entrainment. However, the role of CRY in M and E oscillators for entrainment to LD cycles is unknown. Here, we address this question by selectively expressing CRY in different subsets of clock neurons in a cry-null (cry0) mutant background. We were able to rescue the light entrainment deficits of cry0 mutants by expressing CRY in E oscillators but not in any other clock neurons. Par domain protein 1 molecular oscillations in the E, but not M, cells of cry0 mutants still responded to the LD phase delay. This residual light response was stemming from the visual system because it disappeared when all external photoreceptors were ablated genetically. We concluded that the E oscillators are the targets of light input via CRY and the visual system and are required for normal light entrainment.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=YoshiiTaishi
en-aut-sei=Yoshii
en-aut-mei=Taishi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=Hermann-LuiblChristiane
en-aut-sei=Hermann-Luibl
en-aut-mei=Christiane
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KistenpfennigChrista
en-aut-sei=Kistenpfennig
en-aut-mei=Christa
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SchmidBenjamin
en-aut-sei=Schmid
en-aut-mei=Benjamin
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TomiokaKenji
en-aut-sei=Tomioka
en-aut-mei=Kenji
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=Helfrich-F?rsterCharlotte
en-aut-sei=Helfrich-F?rster
en-aut-mei=Charlotte
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=Neurobiology and Genetics, Theodor-Boveri Institute, Biocenter, University of W?rzburg

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University

affil-num=4
en-affil=
kn-affil=Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics

affil-num=5
en-affil=
kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University

affil-num=6
en-affil=
kn-affil=2Neurobiology and Genetics, Theodor-Boveri Institute, Biocenter, University of W?rzburg
en-keyword=circadian clock
kn-keyword=circadian clock
en-keyword=clock neurons
kn-keyword=clock neurons
en-keyword=Cryptochrome
kn-keyword=Cryptochrome
en-keyword=Drosophila melanogaster
kn-keyword=Drosophila melanogaster
en-keyword=light entrainment
kn-keyword=light entrainment
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=142
cd-vols=
no-issue=17
article-no=
start-page=2916
end-page=2927
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2015
dt-pub=201509
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Leg regeneration is epigenetically regulated by histone H3K27 methylation in the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Hemimetabolous insects such as the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus regenerate lost tissue parts using blastemal cells, a population of dedifferentiated proliferating cells. The expression of several factors that control epigenetic modification is upregulated in the blastema compared with differentiated tissue, suggesting that epigenetic changes in gene expression might control the differentiation status of blastema cells during regeneration. To clarify the molecular basis of epigenetic regulation during regeneration, we focused on the function of the Gryllus Enhancer of zeste [Gb'E(z)] and Ubiquitously transcribed tetratricopeptide repeat gene on the X chromosome (Gb'Utx) homologues, which regulate methylation and demethylation of histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27), respectively. Methylated histone H3K27 in the regenerating leg was diminished by Gb'E(z)RNAi and was increased by Gb'UtxRNAi. Regenerated Gb'E(z)RNAi cricket legs exhibited extra leg segment formation between the tibia and tarsus, and regenerated Gb'UtxRNAi cricket legs showed leg joint formation defects in the tarsus. In the Gb'E(z)RNAi regenerating leg, the Gb'dac expression domain expanded in the tarsus. By contrast, in the Gb'UtxRNAi regenerating leg, Gb'Egfr expression in the middle of the tarsus was diminished. These results suggest that regulation of the histone H3K27 methylation state is involved in the repatterning process during leg regeneration among cricket species via the epigenetic regulation of leg patterning gene expression.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=HamadaYoshimasa
en-aut-sei=Hamada
en-aut-mei=Yoshimasa
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=BandoTetsuya
en-aut-sei=Bando
en-aut-mei=Tetsuya
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NakamuraTaro
en-aut-sei=Nakamura
en-aut-mei=Taro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=IshimaruYoshiyasu
en-aut-sei=Ishimaru
en-aut-mei=Yoshiyasu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MitoTaro
en-aut-sei=Mito
en-aut-mei=Taro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NojiSumihare
en-aut-sei=Noji
en-aut-mei=Sumihare
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TomiokaKenji
en-aut-sei=Tomioka
en-aut-mei=Kenji
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OhuchiHideyo
en-aut-sei=Ohuchi
en-aut-mei=Hideyo
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Life Systems, Institute of Technology and Science, The University of Tokushima Graduate School

affil-num=4
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Life Systems, Institute of Technology and Science, The University of Tokushima Graduate School

affil-num=5
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Life Systems, Institute of Technology and Science, The University of Tokushima Graduate School

affil-num=6
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Life Systems, Institute of Technology and Science, The University of Tokushima Graduate School

affil-num=7
en-affil=
kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University

affil-num=8
en-affil=
kn-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
en-keyword=Regeneration
kn-keyword=Regeneration
en-keyword=Epigenetics
kn-keyword=Epigenetics
en-keyword=Histone H3K27
kn-keyword=Histone H3K27
en-keyword=Gryllus bimaculatus
kn-keyword=Gryllus bimaculatus
en-keyword=Polycomb
kn-keyword=Polycomb
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=9
cd-vols=
no-issue=12
article-no=
start-page=
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2014
dt-pub=20141211
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=The Nuclear Receptor Genes HR3 and E75 Are Required for the Circadian Rhythm in a Primitive Insect
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Insect circadian rhythms are generated by a circadian clock consisting of transcriptional/translational feedback loops, in which CYCLE and CLOCK are the key elements in activating the transcription of various clock genes such as timeless (tim) and period (per). Although the transcriptional regulation of Clock (Clk) has been profoundly studied, little is known about the regulation of cycle (cyc). Here, we identify the orphan nuclear receptor genes HR3 and E75, which are orthologs of mammalian clock genes, Rorα and Rev-erbα, respectively, as factors involved in the rhythmic expression of the cyc gene in a primitive insect, the firebrat Thermobia domestica. Our results show that HR3 and E75 are rhythmically expressed, and their normal, rhythmic expression is required for the persistence of locomotor rhythms. Their RNAi considerably altered the rhythmic transcription of not only cyc but also tim. Surprisingly, the RNAi of HR3 revealed the rhythmic expression of Clk, suggesting that this ancestral insect species possesses the mechanisms for rhythmic expression of both cyc and Clk genes. When either HR3 or E75 was knocked down, tim, cyc, and Clk or tim and cyc, respectively, oscillated in phase, suggesting that the two genes play an important role in the regulation of the phase relationship among the clock genes. Interestingly, HR3 and E75 were also found to be involved in the regulation of ecdysis, suggesting that they interconnect the circadian clock and developmental processes.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KamaeYuichi
en-aut-sei=Kamae
en-aut-mei=Yuichi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=UryuOuta
en-aut-sei=Uryu
en-aut-mei=Outa
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MikiTaiki
en-aut-sei=Miki
en-aut-mei=Taiki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TomiokaKenji
en-aut-sei=Tomioka
en-aut-mei=Kenji
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Okayama University

affil-num=4
en-affil=
kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=24
cd-vols=
no-issue=6
article-no=
start-page=604
end-page=610
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2007
dt-pub=200706
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Effects of Unilateral Compound-Eye Removal on the Photoperiodic Responses of Nymphal Development in the Cricket Modicogryllus siamensis
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The cricket, Modicogryllus siamensis, shows clear photoperiodic responses at 25 degrees C in nymphal development. Under long-day conditions (LD16:8), nymphs became adults about 50 days after hatching, while under short-day conditions (LD8:16) the duration of nymphal stage extended to more than 130 days. Under constant dark conditions, two developmental patterns were observed: about 60% of crickets became adults slightly slower than under the long-day conditions, and the rest at later than 100 days after hatching, like those under the short-day conditions. When the compound eye was unilaterally removed on the 2nd day of hatching, an increase of molting and an extension of the nymphal period were observed under the long-day conditions, while under the short-day conditions, some crickets developed faster and others slower than intact crickets. These results suggest that this cricket receives photoperiodic information through the compound eye, that a pair of the compound eyes is required for a complete photoperiodic response, and that interaction between bilateral circadian clocks may be also involved in the response.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=SakamotoTomoaki
en-aut-sei=Sakamoto
en-aut-mei=Tomoaki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TomiokaKenji
en-aut-sei=Tomioka
en-aut-mei=Kenji
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
en-keyword=cricket
kn-keyword=cricket
en-keyword=nymphal development
kn-keyword=nymphal development
en-keyword=photoperiodism
kn-keyword=photoperiodism
en-keyword=circadian clock
kn-keyword=circadian clock
en-keyword=compound eye
kn-keyword=compound eye
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=25
cd-vols=
no-issue=11
article-no=
start-page=1146
end-page=1155
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2008
dt-pub=200811
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Behavioral Dissection of the Drosophila Circadian Multioscillator System that Regulates Locomotor Rhythms
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, shows a bimodal circadian activity rhythm with peaks around light-on and before light-off. This rhythm is driven by seven groups of so-called clock neurons in the brain. To dissect the multioscillatory nature of the Drosophila clock system, the process of reentrainment to a reversed light cycle was examined by using wild-type flies and cry(b) mutant flies that carry a strong loss-of-function mutation in cryptochrome (cry) gene. The wild-type flies showed that the morning peak dissociated into two components, while a substantial fraction of cry(b) flies exhibited dissociation of the evening peak into two components that shifted in different directions. When the temperature cycle was given in constant darkness in such a manner that the thermophase corresponded to the previous night phase, the morning peak also split into two components in wild-type flies. These results suggest that both morning and evening peaks are driven by two separate oscillators that have different entrainability to light and temperature cycles. Examination of the process of reentrainment to a reversed LD in mutant flies that lack some of the four known circadian photoreceptors (compound eyes, ocelli, CRYPTOCHROME [CRY], and Hofbauer-Buchner [H-B] eyelets) revealed that these four photoreceptors play different roles in photic entrainment of the four putative oscillators.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=UmezakiYujiro
en-aut-sei=Umezaki
en-aut-mei=Yujiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TomiokaKenji
en-aut-sei=Tomioka
en-aut-mei=Kenji
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=Division of Bioscience, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=Division of Bioscience, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
en-keyword=circadian rhythm
kn-keyword=circadian rhythm
en-keyword=circadian oscillators
kn-keyword=circadian oscillators
en-keyword=Drosophila
kn-keyword=Drosophila
en-keyword=entrainment
kn-keyword=entrainment
en-keyword=light
kn-keyword=light
en-keyword=temperature
kn-keyword=temperature
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=20
cd-vols=
no-issue=11
article-no=
start-page=1347
end-page=1354
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2003
dt-pub=200311
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Phase Shifts of the Circadian Locomotor Rhythm Induced by Pigment-Dispersing Factor in the Cricket Gryllus bimaculatus
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Pigment-dispersing factors (PDFs) are octadeca-peptides widely distributed in insect optic lobes and brain. In this study, we have purified PDF and determined its amino acid sequence in the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus. Its primary structure was NSEIINSLLGLPKVLNDA-NH2, homologous to other PDH family members so far reported. When injected into the optic lobe of experimentally blinded adult male crickets, Gryllus-PDF induced phase shifts in their activity rhythms in a phase dependent and dose dependent manner. The resulted phase response curve (PRC) showed delays during the late subjective night to early subjective day and advances during the mid subjective day to mid subjective night. The PRC was different in shape from those for light, serotonin and temperature. These results suggest that PDF plays a role in phase regulation of the circadian clock through a separate pathway from those of other known phase regulating agents.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=SingaravelMuniyandi
en-aut-sei=Singaravel
en-aut-mei=Muniyandi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=FujisawaYuko
en-aut-sei=Fujisawa
en-aut-mei=Yuko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HisadaMiki
en-aut-sei=Hisada
en-aut-mei=Miki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SaifullahASM
en-aut-sei=Saifullah
en-aut-mei=ASM
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TomiokaKenji
en-aut-sei=Tomioka
en-aut-mei=Kenji
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Physics, Biology and Informatics, Faculty of Science, Research Institute of Time Studies, Yamaguchi University

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=Suntory Institute for Bioorganic Research

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=Suntory Institute for Bioorganic Research

affil-num=4
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Physics, Biology and Informatics, Faculty of Science, Research Institute of Time Studies, Yamaguchi University

affil-num=5
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Physics, Biology and Informatics, Faculty of Science, Research Institute of Time Studies, Yamaguchi University
en-keyword=pigment-dispersing factor
kn-keyword=pigment-dispersing factor
en-keyword=circadian rhythm
kn-keyword=circadian rhythm
en-keyword=crickets
kn-keyword=crickets
en-keyword=phase shifts
kn-keyword=phase shifts
en-keyword=phase response curve
kn-keyword=phase response curve
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=21
cd-vols=
no-issue=12
article-no=
start-page=1153
end-page=1162
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2004
dt-pub=200412
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Circadian Organization in Hemimetabolous Insects
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The circadian system of hemimetabolous insects is reviewed in respect to the locus of the circadian clock and multioscillatory organization. Because of relatively easy access to the nervous system, the neuronal organization of the clock system in hemimetabolous insects has been studied, yielding identification of the compound eye as the major photoreceptor for entrainment and the optic lobe for the circadian clock locus. The clock site within the optic lobe is inconsistent among reported species; in cockroaches the lobula was previously thought to be a most likely clock locus but accessory medulla is recently stressed to be a clock center, while more distal part of the optic lobe including the lamina and the outer medulla area for the cricket. Identification of the clock cells needs further critical studies. Although each optic lobe clock seems functionally identical, in respect to photic entrainment and generation of the rhythm, the bilaterally paired clocks form a functional unit. They interact to produce a stable time structure within individual insects by exchanging photic and temporal information through neural pathways, in which
serotonin and pigment-dispersing factor (PDF) are involved as chemical messengers. The mutual interaction also plays an important role in seasonal adaptation of the rhythm.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=TomiokaKenji
en-aut-sei=Tomioka
en-aut-mei=Kenji
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=AbdelsalamSalaheldin
en-aut-sei=Abdelsalam
en-aut-mei=Salaheldin
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Okayama University

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Okayama University
en-keyword=circadian system
kn-keyword=circadian system
en-keyword=clock tissue
kn-keyword=clock tissue
en-keyword=hemimetabolous insects
kn-keyword=hemimetabolous insects
en-keyword=optic lobe
kn-keyword=optic lobe
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=25
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=7
end-page=11
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2009
dt-pub=200903
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Analyses of the circadian clock using a cricket as an experimental animal: Functional analysis of the clock gene period in circadian rhythm generation
kn-title=コオロギを実験動物とした生物時計の解析: 時計遺伝子periodのリズム発現機構における機能解析
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=フタホシコオロギでは､分子生物学的手法が開発されつつある｡ここでは､最近われわれが試みているRNA干渉による､フタホシコオロギ(Gyyllus bimaculatus)の時計遺伝子perの機能解析を紹介した。幼虫頭部での解析により､per mRNAの発現量は､夜の始めにピークをもつリズムを示し､このリズムは恒暗･恒温条件下でも継続することが明らかとなり､perの時計機構への関与が示唆された。そこで､per dsRNAを用いたRNA干渉により､per遺伝子の役割を検討した。幼虫へのper dsRNAの投与により､per mRNAレベルは対照群の25%にまで減少し､かつほとんどの個体で活動リズムが消失することがわかった。これらの結果はコオロギでもperがリズムの発現に重要な役割を担うことを示唆している。さらに､終齢幼虫にper dsRNAを投与した場合も､羽化後の活動が恒暗条件下で無周期となることがわかった。これらの結果から､コオロギではperが時計機構に必須であることが示唆された。また同時に､RNA干渉が時計遺伝子の機能解析に極めて有効な手段であることが確認された。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=SakamotoTomoaki
en-aut-sei=Sakamoto
en-aut-mei=Tomoaki
kn-aut-name=坂本智昭
kn-aut-sei=坂本
kn-aut-mei=智昭
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MoriyamaYoshiyuki
en-aut-sei=Moriyama
en-aut-mei=Yoshiyuki
kn-aut-name=守山禎之
kn-aut-sei=守山
kn-aut-mei=禎之
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TomiokaKenji
en-aut-sei=Tomioka
en-aut-mei=Kenji
kn-aut-name=富岡憲治
kn-aut-sei=富岡
kn-aut-mei=憲治
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科バイオサイエンス専攻高次生物科学講座

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科バイオサイエンス専攻高次生物科学講座

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科バイオサイエンス専攻高次生物科学講座
END