start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=53 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=65 end-page=69 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=202501 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effectiveness of sensing gloves–applied virtual reality education system on hand hygiene practice: A randomized controlled trial en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: We developed a virtual reality (VR) education system and evaluated its clinical utility for promoting hand hygiene practices.
Methods: This prospective, 2-week, randomized controlled study conducted at Okayama University Hospital, Japan, from November 2023 to January 2024, involved 22 participants (18 medical students and 4 residents). A fully immersive 360° VR system (VIVE Pro Eye) using a head-mounted display and sensing gloves was used to develop 3 health care tasks in a virtual patient room—Environmental Cleaning, Gauze Exchange, and Urine Collection. After monitoring all participants' baseline usage data of portable hand-rubbing alcohol in the first week, we randomly assigned them into 1:1 groups (VR training and video lecture groups). The primary outcome was differences in hand-rubbed alcohol use before and after intervention.
Results: Before the intervention, alcohol use did not significantly differ between both groups. After the intervention, a significant increase in alcohol use was observed in the VR training group (median: 8.2 g vs 16.2 g; P = .019) but not in the video lecture group.
Conclusions: Our immersive 360° VR education system enhanced hand hygiene practices. Infection prevention and control practitioners and digital technology experts must collaborate to advance the development of superior educational devices and content. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IzumiMahiro en-aut-sei=Izumi en-aut-mei=Mahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HagiyaHideharu en-aut-sei=Hagiya en-aut-mei=Hideharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaYuki en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SoejimaYoshiaki en-aut-sei=Soejima en-aut-mei=Yoshiaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukushimaShinnosuke en-aut-sei=Fukushima en-aut-mei=Shinnosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShibataMitsunobu en-aut-sei=Shibata en-aut-mei=Mitsunobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirotaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Hirota en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoyamaToshihiro en-aut-sei=Koyama en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaFumio en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Fumio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=GofukuAkio en-aut-sei=Gofuku en-aut-mei=Akio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Quality Assurance Center, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Quality Assurance Center, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Quality Assurance Center, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Health Data Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Quality Assurance Center, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Infection prevention and control kn-keyword=Infection prevention and control en-keyword=Medical-engineering collaboration kn-keyword=Medical-engineering collaboration END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=19 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=e0299700 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=20240228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Changes in the place of death before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background
In the global aging, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may have affected the place of death (PoD) in Japan, where hospital deaths have dominated for decades. We analyzed the PoD trends before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan.
Methods
This nationwide observational study used vital statistics based on death certificates from Japan between 1951 and 2021. The proportion of PoD; deaths at home, hospitals, and nursing homes; and annual percentage change (APC) were estimated using joinpoint regression analysis. Analyses were stratified by age groups and causes of death.
Results
After 2019, home deaths exhibited upward trends, while hospital death turned into downward trends. By age, no significant trend change was seen in the 0-19 age group, while hospital deaths decreased in the 20-64 age group in 2019. The trend change in home death in the >= 65 age group significantly increased since 2019 with an APC of 12.3% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 9.0 to 15.7), while their hospital death trends decreased by -4.0% (95% CI: -4.9 to -3.1) in 2019-2021. By cause of death, home death due to cancer and the old age increased since 2019 with an APC of 29.3% (95% CI: 25.4 to 33.2) and 8.8% (95% CI: 5.5 to 12.2), respectively.
Conclusion
PoD has shifted from hospital to home during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. The majority of whom were older population with cancer or old age. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShibataMasashi en-aut-sei=Shibata en-aut-mei=Masashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaYuki en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HagiyaHideharu en-aut-sei=Hagiya en-aut-mei=Hideharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoyamaToshihiro en-aut-sei=Koyama en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KashiwagiHideyuki en-aut-sei=Kashiwagi en-aut-mei=Hideyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaFumio en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Fumio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Iizuka Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Transitional and Palliative Care, Iizuka Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=189 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=8 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=20240117 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Trends in the Incidence of Disseminated Cryptococcosis in Japan: A Nationwide Observational Study, 2015–2021 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background Cryptococcus species can cause severe disseminated infections in immunocompromised hosts. This study investigated the epidemiological features and trends in disseminated cryptococcosis in Japan.
Methods We used publicly available Infectious Diseases Weekly Reports to obtain data on the incidence of disseminated cryptococcosis in Japan from 2015 to 2021. Patient information, including age, sex, and regional and seasonal data, were extracted. The Joinpoint regression program was used to determine the age-adjusted incidence rate (AAR) per 100,000 population, annual percentage change (APC), and average APC (AAPC).
Results A total of 1047 cases of disseminated cryptococcosis were reported, of which those aged ≥ 70 years accounted for 68.8%. The AAR in men was significantly higher than that in women (median: 0.13 vs. 0.09: p = 0.0024). APC for the overall cases increased by 9.9% (95% confidence interval [95% CI] − 5.4–27.7) from 2015 to 2018 and then decreased by 3.3% (95% CI − 15.5–10.7) from 2018 to 2021. AAPC for the entire study period was 3.1% (95% CI − 1.5–8.0), indicating a possible increase in its number, although not statistically significant. In terms of regional distribution, the average AAR was highest in Shikoku District (0.17) and lowest in Hokkaido District (0.04). Northern Japan exhibited a significantly lower median AAR (median [interquartile range]: 0.06 [0.05, 0.08]) than the Eastern (0.12 [0.12, 0.13]), Western (0.11 [0.10, 0.13]), and Southern (0.14 [0.12, 0.15]) regions. No seasonal variation in incidence was observed.
Conclusion The prevalence of disseminated cryptococcosis has not increased in Japan. Geographically, the incidence is lower in Northern Japan. Further investigations that incorporate detailed clinical data are required. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AkazawaHidemasa en-aut-sei=Akazawa en-aut-mei=Hidemasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HagiyaHideharu en-aut-sei=Hagiya en-aut-mei=Hideharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoyamaToshihiro en-aut-sei=Koyama en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaFumio en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Fumio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Health Data Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=Disseminated cryptococcosis kn-keyword=Disseminated cryptococcosis en-keyword=Cryptococcal infection kn-keyword=Cryptococcal infection en-keyword=Epidemiology kn-keyword=Epidemiology en-keyword=Trend analysis kn-keyword=Trend analysis en-keyword=Regionality kn-keyword=Regionality END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=e12636 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=20231229 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Trends in childhood obesity in Japan: A nationwide observational study from 2012 to 2021 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The persistent ascension of childhood obesity on a global scale constitutes a significant quandary. The prevalence of childhood obesity in Japan peaked in the early 2000s and has been reported to have declined since then, but recent data and its trend including the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic era are not available. Moreover, there is a dearth of studies examining the correlation between the trend in childhood obesity and exercise habits over the past decade. This study aims to examine the changes in the prevalence of obesity, physical fitness, and exercise habits over the past 10 years in Japanese children. We investigated the prevalence of childhood obesity in Japan, using the School Health Statistics Survey data from 2012 to 2021. The dataset has a sample size representative of children nationwide and includes variables for obesity, such as height, weight, and age. Data were classified into groups by sex and age (6–8, 9–11, and 12–14 years age). Children weighing 20% or more of the standard body weight are classified as obese. The annual percentage changes and average annual percentage changes were estimated using the joinpoint regression model. We also examined the trends in the physical fitness test score and exercise time. Average annual percentage changes of boys increased, especially in the 6- to 8-year age group (3.4%–4.6%). For girls, average annual percentage changes had increased in 6- to 8-year (2.5%–4.0%) and 9- to 11-year (0.9%–2.2%) age groups. Since the late 2010s, significantly increasing annual percentage changes were observed in 12- to 14-year age boys (6.7%–8.9%) and girls of many age groups (2.6%–8.6%). The physical fitness test score and exercise time showed decreasing trends since the late 2010s. Childhood obesity may have generally risen in Japan, in the last decade. Encouraging healthy eating and physical activity through school policies and curricula is necessary. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FujiwaraShintaro en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Shintaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaradaKo en-aut-sei=Harada en-aut-mei=Ko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HagiyaHideharu en-aut-sei=Hagiya en-aut-mei=Hideharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoyamaToshihiro en-aut-sei=Koyama en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HasegawaKosei en-aut-sei=Hasegawa en-aut-mei=Kosei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsukaharaHirokazu en-aut-sei=Tsukahara en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaFumio en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Fumio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, NHO Okayama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai Beth Israel kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=childhood obesity kn-keyword=childhood obesity en-keyword=epidemiology kn-keyword=epidemiology en-keyword=joinpoint regression analysis kn-keyword=joinpoint regression analysis en-keyword=paediatrics kn-keyword=paediatrics en-keyword=trend analysis kn-keyword=trend analysis END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=47 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=237 end-page=249 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=20231222 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=International Trends in Adverse Drug Event-Related Mortality from 2001 to 2019: An Analysis of the World Health Organization Mortality Database from 54 Countries en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background and Objective
Adverse drug events (ADEs) are becoming a significant public health issue. However, reports on ADE-related mortality are limited to national-level evaluations. Therefore, we aimed to reveal overall trends in ADE-related mortality across the 21st century on an international level.
Methods
This observational study analysed long-term trends in ADE-related mortality rates from 2001 to 2019 using the World Health Organization Mortality Database. The rates were analysed according to sex, age and region. North America, Latin America and the Caribbean, Western Europe, Eastern Europe and Western Pacific regions were assessed. Fifty-four countries were included with four-character International Statistical Classification of Disease and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision codes in the database, population data in the World Population Prospects 2019 report, mortality data in more than half of the study period, and high-quality or medium-quality death registration data. A locally weighted regression curve was used to show international trends in age-standardised rates.
Results
The global ADE-related mortality rate per 100,000 population increased from 2.05 (95% confidence interval 0.92–3.18) in 2001 to 6.86 (95% confidence interval 5.76–7.95) in 2019. Mortality rates were higher among men than among women, especially in those aged 20–50 years. The population aged ≥ 75 years had higher ADE-related mortality rates than the younger population. North America had the highest mortality rate among the five regions. The global ADE-related mortality rate increased by approximately 3.3-fold from 2001 to 2019.
Conclusions
The burden of ADEs has increased internationally with rising mortality rates. Establishing pharmacovigilance systems can facilitate efforts to reduce ADE-related mortality rates globally. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KoyamaToshihiro en-aut-sei=Koyama en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IinumaShunya en-aut-sei=Iinuma en-aut-mei=Shunya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoMichio en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Michio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NiimuraTakahiro en-aut-sei=Niimura en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiYuka en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Yuka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishimuraSayoko en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Sayoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaradaKo en-aut-sei=Harada en-aut-mei=Ko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZamamiYoshito en-aut-sei=Zamami en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=HagiyaHideharu en-aut-sei=Hagiya en-aut-mei=Hideharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Health Data Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Health Data Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Human Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Health Data Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Health Data Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai Beth Israel kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=478 cd-vols= no-issue=8 article-no= start-page=1779 end-page=1790 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=20221226 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Significance of UGT1A6, UGT1A9, and UGT2B7 genetic variants and their mRNA expression in the clinical outcome of renal cell carcinoma en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) metabolizes a number of endogenous and exogenous substrates. Renal cells express high amounts of UGT; however, the significance of UGT in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remains unknown. In this study, we profile the mRNA expression of UGT subtypes (UGT1A6, UGT1A9, and UGT2B7) and their genetic variants in the kidney tissue of 125 Japanese patients with RCC (Okayama University Hospital, Japan). In addition, we elucidate the association between the UGT variants and UGT mRNA expression levels and clinical outcomes in these patients. The three representative genetic variants, namely, UGT1A6 541A > G, UGT1A9 i399C > T, and UGT2B7-161C > T, were genotyped, and their mRNA expression levels in each tissue were determined. We found that the mRNA expression of the three UGTs (UGT1A6, UGT1A9, and UGT2B7) are significantly downregulated in RCC tissues. Moreover, in patients with RCC, the UGT2B7-161C > T variant and high UGT2B7 mRNA expression are significantly correlated with preferable cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS), respectively. As such, the UGT2B7-161C > T variant and UGT2B7 mRNA expression level were identified as significant independent prognostic factors of CSS and CSS/OS, respectively. Taken together, these findings indicate that UGT2B7 has a role in RCC progression and may, therefore, represent a potential prognostic biomarker for patients with RCC. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsumotoJun en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishimotoAnzu en-aut-sei=Nishimoto en-aut-mei=Anzu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatariShogo en-aut-sei=Watari en-aut-mei=Shogo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=UekiHideo en-aut-sei=Ueki en-aut-mei=Hideo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShiromizuShoya en-aut-sei=Shiromizu en-aut-mei=Shoya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwataNaohiro en-aut-sei=Iwata en-aut-mei=Naohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakedaTatsuaki en-aut-sei=Takeda en-aut-mei=Tatsuaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=UshioSoichiro en-aut-sei=Ushio en-aut-mei=Soichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=KajizonoMakoto en-aut-sei=Kajizono en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiyoshiMasachika en-aut-sei=Fujiyoshi en-aut-mei=Masachika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoyamaToshihiro en-aut-sei=Koyama en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=ArakiMotoo en-aut-sei=Araki en-aut-mei=Motoo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadaKoichiro en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Koichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZamamiYoshito en-aut-sei=Zamami en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=NasuYasutomo en-aut-sei=Nasu en-aut-mei=Yasutomo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=AriyoshiNoritaka en-aut-sei=Ariyoshi en-aut-mei=Noritaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Personalized Medicine and Preventive Healthcare Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Personalized Medicine and Preventive Healthcare Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Urology, National Hospital Organization Okayama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Tottori University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceuticals Biomedicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Personalized Medicine and Preventive Healthcare Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Genetic variant kn-keyword=Genetic variant en-keyword=Polymorphism kn-keyword=Polymorphism en-keyword=Renal cell carcinoma kn-keyword=Renal cell carcinoma en-keyword=Survival kn-keyword=Survival en-keyword=UDP-glucuronosyltransferase kn-keyword=UDP-glucuronosyltransferase END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=22 cd-vols= no-issue=12 article-no= start-page=1019 end-page=1024 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=20221101 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Trends in the incidence of syphilis in the middle‐aged and older adults in Japan: A nationwide observational study, 2009–2019 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Aim Sexually transmitted infections remain a neglected area of research in geriatrics. However, in the global aging societies, sexual health among the middle-aged and older adults is an emerging public concern. High-income countries are facing a resurgence of syphilis cases among young generations, but little is known about its prevalence in older populations. We aimed to investigate the national trend of syphilis cases in Japan. Methods This nationwide observational study used the publicly-available database (2009-2019) to calculate crude and age-adjusted incidence rates of syphilis per 100 000 population by age, sex and clinical stage. We collected data from patients aged >= 50 years and performed joinpoint regression analysis to estimate long-term trends and average annual percentage changes (AAPCs). Results The total number of patients with syphilis increased about 8-fold from 165 in 2009 to 1280 in 2019. AAPCs of crude incidence rates significantly increased in every age category; 33.2% in 50-59 years, 23.8% in 60-69 years and 20.9% in >= 70 years. Age-adjusted incidence rates have surged at AAPCs of 28.7% in men and 23.1% in women, reaching 4.09 in men and 0.71 in women in 2019. By clinical stage, marked increases were observed in primary (AAPCs, 42.3% in men and 41.6% in women) and secondary syphilis (AAPCs, 24.9% in men and 24.2% in women). Conclusions An up-toward trend of syphilis among people aged >= 50 years was observed. The importance of sexual health among older people should be highlighted in this aging Japanese society. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2022; center dot center dot: center dot center dot-center dot center dot. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakahashiMisa en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Misa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HagiyaHideharu en-aut-sei=Hagiya en-aut-mei=Hideharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoyamaToshihiro en-aut-sei=Koyama en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaFumio en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Fumio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of General Medicine Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of General Medicine Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of General Medicine Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=aging kn-keyword=aging en-keyword=sexual health kn-keyword=sexual health en-keyword=sexually transmitted infection kn-keyword=sexually transmitted infection en-keyword=spirochete kn-keyword=spirochete en-keyword=syphilis kn-keyword=syphilis END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=15391 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=20220913 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Impact of the cervical cancer awareness months on public interest in Japan: A Google Trends analysis, 2012-2021 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The immunization and screening rates for human papillomavirus in Japan are lower than those in other countries. We aimed to evaluate the impact of cervical cancer awareness months on public attention using Google Trends analysis. Between 2012 and 2021, we analyzed the trends in relative search volumes (RSVs) for "Shikyuu-keigan" (cervical cancer in English) in Japan, during the cervical cancer awareness month (CCAM) in January and cervical cancer prevention awareness enhancement month (CCPAEM) in November. We performed a joinpoint regression analysis to identify a statistically significant trend change point. Additionally, we compared the mean RSVs of each awareness month with the rest of the year. Significant trend change points were observed, but none were found in CCAM and CCPAEM periods. Comparison of mean RSVs among CCAM, CCPAEM, and the rest of the months did not suggest any significant increases in RSVs during these awareness periods. In conclusion, CAM and CCPAEM did not raise public interest in cervical cancer in Japan. Although the results are based on internet users, the findings might suggest a need to develop a more effective and attractive approach to achieve the 90-70-90 targets of cervical cancer prevention by 2030. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HagiyaHideharu en-aut-sei=Hagiya en-aut-mei=Hideharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoyamaToshihiro en-aut-sei=Koyama en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaFumio en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Fumio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Health Data Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=22 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1517 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=20220809 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Correlation between national surveillance and search engine query data on respiratory syncytial virus infections in Japan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background The respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) disease burden is significant, especially in infants and children with an underlying disease. Prophylaxis with palivizumab is recommended for these high-risk groups. Early recognition of a RSV epidemic is important for timely administration of palivizumab. We herein aimed to assess the correlation between national surveillance and Google Trends data pertaining to RSV infections in Japan. Methods The present, retrospective survey was performed between January 1, 2018 and November 14, 2021 and evaluated the correlation between national surveillance data and Google Trends data. Joinpoint regression was used to identify the points at which changes in trends occurred. Results A strong correlation was observed every study year (2018 [r = 0.87, p < 0.01], 2019 [r = 0.83, p < 0.01], 2020 [r = 0.83, p < 0.01], and 2021 [r = 0.96, p < 0.01]). The change-points in the Google Trends data indicating the start of the RSV epidemic were observed earlier than by sentinel surveillance in 2018 and 2021 and simultaneously with sentinel surveillance in 2019. No epidemic surge was observed in either the Google Trends or the surveillance data from 2020. Conclusions Our data suggested that Google Trends has the potential to enable the early identification of RSV epidemics. In countries without a national surveillance system, Google Trends may serve as an alternative early warning system. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UdaKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Uda en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HagiyaHideharu en-aut-sei=Hagiya en-aut-mei=Hideharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YorifujiTakashi en-aut-sei=Yorifuji en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoyamaToshihiro en-aut-sei=Koyama en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsugeMitsuru en-aut-sei=Tsuge en-aut-mei=Mitsuru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YashiroMasato en-aut-sei=Yashiro en-aut-mei=Masato kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsukaharaHirokazu en-aut-sei=Tsukahara en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Science kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Health Data Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics Acute Diseases, Okayama University Academic Field of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=RSV kn-keyword=RSV en-keyword=Surveillance kn-keyword=Surveillance en-keyword=Google Trends kn-keyword=Google Trends en-keyword=Epidemiology kn-keyword=Epidemiology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=22 cd-vols= no-issue=8 article-no= start-page=675 end-page=680 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=20220623 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Trends in places and causes of death among centenarians in Japan from 2006 to 2016 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Aim
Amid the global aging, an establishment of healthcare policies for the aged population is a common issue to be addressed. However, few studies on centenarians have reported place and cause of death (PoD and CoD, respectively) as indicators of end-of-life care quality. This study aimed to analyze trends in PoD and CoD among centenarians in Japan.

Methods
Data from death certificates from Japanese vital statistics were analyzed; 205 513 deaths occurred among centenarians (aged ≥100 years) in Japan during the period from 2006 to 2016. PoD prevalence was calculated for each CoD. Trends in PoD prevalence were analyzed using the Joinpoint regression model. Changing points, annual percentage changes, and average annual percentage changes (AAPCs) were calculated to examine trends.

Results
The number of deaths more than doubled from 10 340 in 2006 to 26 427 in 2016. PoDs were composed of hospitals (52.7%), nursing homes (31.4%), own homes (13.6%) and others (2.2%). Dementia and old age increased rapidly as CoD. Proportions of hospital and home deaths decreased, with AAPCs of −2.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], −2.6 to −1.9) and −2.3% (95% CI, −3.2 to −1.4), respectively. Conversely, the proportion of deaths in nursing homes rapidly increased, with an AAPC of 6.8% (95% CI, 6.0–7.7).

Conclusions
The results revealed changes in PoD among centenarians in Japan. Understanding these transitions is indispensable for health policy in aging societies. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KoyamaToshihiro en-aut-sei=Koyama en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HigashionnaTsukasa en-aut-sei=Higashionna en-aut-mei=Tsukasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaruoAkinori en-aut-sei=Maruo en-aut-mei=Akinori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=UshioSoichiro en-aut-sei=Ushio en-aut-mei=Soichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZamamiYoshito en-aut-sei=Zamami en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaradaKo en-aut-sei=Harada en-aut-mei=Ko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HagiyaHideharu en-aut-sei=Hagiya en-aut-mei=Hideharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Health Data Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=aging kn-keyword=aging en-keyword=centenarians kn-keyword=centenarians en-keyword=death kn-keyword=death en-keyword=nursing home kn-keyword=nursing home en-keyword=trend kn-keyword=trend END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=50 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=141 end-page=147 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=20220128 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Impact of the world hand hygiene and global handwashing days on public awareness between 2016 and 2020: Google trends analysis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: Scientific evidence suggest that hand hygiene as one of the most effective measures to control infection. To promote good hand hygiene practices, the World Health Organization introduced May 5 as World Hand Hygiene Day (WHHD), and international stakeholders established Global Handwashing Day (GHD) on October 15. However, its contributions to raising public awareness of hand hygiene is unclear. Methods: This study evaluates the impact of the WHHD and GHD on the public awareness of hand hygiene in Japan, the United Kingdom, the United States, and worldwide from 2016 to 2020, using the relative search volume of "Hand hygiene" in Google Trends as a surrogate. To identify a statistically significant timepoint of a trend change, we performed Joinpoint regression analysis. Results: Upticks of the relative search volumes as well as joinpoints were noted worldwide around the WHHD and GHD from 2016 to 2019, but no joinpoints were identified around the WHHD and GHD in 2020. No such changes were observed in Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States during these periods. Conclusions: While the WHHD was originally established to raise awareness of hand hygiene in healthcare facilities, our result suggests that the WHHD and GHD may not have effectively disseminated the importance of hand hygiene to the general public at a country level. Additional policy measures to advocate hand hygiene to the public are necessary to communicate its benefits. (c) 2021 Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NishimuraYoshito en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HagiyaHideharu en-aut-sei=Hagiya en-aut-mei=Hideharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KeitokuKoichi en-aut-sei=Keitoku en-aut-mei=Koichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoyamaToshihiro en-aut-sei=Koyama en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaFumio en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Fumio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Health Data Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=73 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=E321 end-page=E326 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=2021615 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Trends in the Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Disease Mortality Rate in Japan: A Nationwide Observational Study, 1997–2016 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background. The incidence of nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infections has been increasing worldwide, becoming a significant healthcare burden especially among elderly people. This study aimed to evaluate the trends in NTM-associated mortality in Japan.

Methods. This study used vital statistics data and data on all NTM-associated deaths (N = 18 814) among individuals aged >= 40 years in Japan from 1997 to 2016. We calculated the crude and age-adjusted mortality rates by age and sex and used joinpoint regression to analyze trends and estimate the average annual percentage change (AAPC). We compared crude NTM- and tuberculosis-associated mortality rates by sex.

Results. The overall crude annual mortality rate increased from 0.63/100 000/year in 1997 to 1.93/100 000/year in 2016 and was the highest among individuals aged 80-84 years. The AAPC of the crude mortality rates among men of all ages and women aged 40-59 years were stable but increased among women aged 60-79 years (3.5%; 95% confidence interval [CI ], 2.8-4.3) and >= 80 years (4.3%; 95% CI, 3.7-4.9). Among men, the age-adjusted mortality rates did not show a significant trend, while among women, the rates increased over the study period (AAPC, 4.6%; 95% CI, 2.7-6.6). In women, the crude NTM-associated mortality rate exceeded the tuberculosis mortality rate in 2014, 2015, and 2016.

Conclusions. NTM mortality increased in Japan between 1997 and 2016, especially among the elderly female population. Given the increasing NTM-associated mortality and the susceptible aging population, public health authorities in Japan should pay greater attention to NTM infections. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HaradaKo en-aut-sei=Harada en-aut-mei=Ko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HagiyaHideharu en-aut-sei=Hagiya en-aut-mei=Hideharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FunahashiTomoko en-aut-sei=Funahashi en-aut-mei=Tomoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoyamaToshihiro en-aut-sei=Koyama en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanoMitsunobu R en-aut-sei=Kano en-aut-mei=Mitsunobu R kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaFumio en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Fumio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=nontuberculous mycobacteria kn-keyword=nontuberculous mycobacteria en-keyword=trend analysis kn-keyword=trend analysis END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=7246 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=20210331 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Trends in the incidence and mortality of legionellosis in Japan: a nationwide observational study, 1999-2017 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This study examined temporal trend, seasonality, and geographical variations of legionellosis incidence and mortality in Japan. This nationwide observational study used the Japanese Vital Statistics and Infectious Diseases Weekly Report (1999-2017) data to calculate legionellosis crude and age-adjusted incidence and mortality rates per 100,000 population by age and sex. Incidence was compared among the 4 seasons and regional incidence among 47 prefectures. Of 13,613 (11,194 men) people with legionellosis in Japan, 725 (569 men) were fatal. Increasing incidence trend occurred from 0.0004 (1999) to 1.37 (2017) per 100,000 population. People aged >= 70 years accounted for 43.1% overall; men's age-adjusted incidence rate was consistently approximately five times higher than for women. Significantly higher incidence occurred in summer than in winter (p=0.013). Geographically, highest incidence (>= 2.0 per 100,000 population) occurred in Hokuriku District, with increasing trends in Hokkaido and middle-part of Japan. Estimated fatality rates decreased consistently at 5.9% (95% confidence interval: - 8.1, - 3.5) annually, from 1999 to 2017, with no trend change point. Increasing legionellosis incidence occurred in Japan during 1999-2017, with declining estimated fatality rates. In this aging society and warming world, disease clinical burden may further deteriorate in future due to increasing incidence trends. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FukushimaShinnosuke en-aut-sei=Fukushima en-aut-mei=Shinnosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HagiyaHideharu en-aut-sei=Hagiya en-aut-mei=Hideharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaYuki en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoyamaToshihiro en-aut-sei=Koyama en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaFumio en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Fumio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=41 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=2511 end-page=2521 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=20215 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Relevance of CYP3A5 Expression on the Clinical Outcome of Patients With Renal Cell Carcinoma en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background/Aim: This study aimed to elucidate the detailed characteristics of CYP3A5 expression and the association between CYP3A5 expression and clinical outcomes in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Patients and Methods: This study retrospectively enrolled 124 Japanese patients with RCC treated at the Okayama University Hospital. The commonest CYP3A5 gene polymorphism, CYP3A5*3, and expression levels of CYP3A5 mRNA and protein in each tissue were examined. Results: Expression of CYP3A5 mRNA and protein in RCC tissues was significantly down-regulated compared to that in adjacent normal tissues. High level of CYP3A5 mRNA expression significantly extended cancer-specific survival (p=0.004) and overall survival (p=0.002). The CYP3A5 mRNA expression level was identified as a significant independent prognostic factor for both cancer-specific survival and overall survival. Conclusion: CYP3A5 could serve as a potential marker for prognostication and treatment planning for patients with RCC. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsumotoJun en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoteraYumi en-aut-sei=Kotera en-aut-mei=Yumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatariShogo en-aut-sei=Watari en-aut-mei=Shogo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeuchiKoichi en-aut-sei=Takeuchi en-aut-mei=Koichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=UekiHideo en-aut-sei=Ueki en-aut-mei=Hideo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoyamaToshihiro en-aut-sei=Koyama en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadaKoichiro en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Koichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiyoshiMasachika en-aut-sei=Fujiyoshi en-aut-mei=Masachika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=NasuYasutomo en-aut-sei=Nasu en-aut-mei=Yasutomo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=AriyoshiNoritaka en-aut-sei=Ariyoshi en-aut-mei=Noritaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Personalized Medicine and Preventive Healthcare Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Personalized Medicine and Preventive Healthcare Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Personalized Medicine and Preventive Healthcare Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceuticals Biomedicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Personalized Medicine and Preventive Healthcare Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Personalized Medicine and Preventive Healthcare Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=human kn-keyword=human en-keyword=cytochrome P450 CYP3A kn-keyword=cytochrome P450 CYP3A en-keyword=renal cell carcinoma treatment outcome kn-keyword=renal cell carcinoma treatment outcome END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=15509 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2020 dt-pub=20200923 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A nationwide trend analysis in the incidence and mortality of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in Japan between 2005 and 2014 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In the era of hyper-ageing, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) can become more prevalent as an important cause of dementia. This study aimed to evaluate the trends in crude and age-adjusted CJD-associated mortality and incidence rates in Japan using national vital statistics data on CJD-associated deaths among individuals aged over 50 years, as well as the government-funded nationwide CJD surveillance data (pertaining to the years 2005-2014) in Japan. The data were analysed using the Joinpoint Regression Program to estimate the long-term trends and average annual percentage changes (AAPCs). Overall, the AAPCs of age-adjusted CJD-associated mortality rates rose significantly over the study period (3.2%; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.4-5.1%). The AAPC of the age-adjusted incidence rates also increased (overall 6.4%; 95% CI 4.7-8.1%). The CJD-associated increases in the mortality and incidence rates were especially prominent among adults over the age of 70 years. Given this trend in aging of population, the disease burden of CJD will continue to increase in severity. Our findings thus recommend that policymakers be aware of the importance of CJD and focus on preparing to address the increasing prevalence of dementia. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NishimuraYoshito en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaradaKo en-aut-sei=Harada en-aut-mei=Ko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoyamaToshihiro en-aut-sei=Koyama en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HagiyaHideharu en-aut-sei=Hagiya en-aut-mei=Hideharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaFumio en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Fumio kn-aut-name=大塚文男 kn-aut-sei=大塚 kn-aut-mei=文男 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=Epidemiology kn-keyword=Epidemiology en-keyword=Health policy kn-keyword=Health policy en-keyword=Neurological disorders kn-keyword=Neurological disorders END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=9 cd-vols= no-issue=12 article-no= start-page=e033462 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=20191211 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Fall-related mortality trends in older Japanese adults aged >= 65 years: a nationwide observational study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=OBJECTIVES:
Fall-related mortality among older adults is a major public health issue, especially for ageing societies. This study aimed to investigate current trends in fall-related mortality in Japan using nationwide population-based data covering 1997-2016.
DESIGN:
We analysed fall-related deaths among older persons aged ≥65 years using the data provided by the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare.
RESULTS:
The crude and age-standardised mortality rates were calculated per 100 000 persons by stratifying by age (65-74, 75-84 and ≥85 years) and sex. To identify trend changes, a joinpoint regression model was applied by estimating change points and annual percentage change (APC). The total number of fall-related deaths in Japan increased from 5872 in 1997 to 8030 in 2016, of which 78.8% involved persons aged ≥65 years. The younger population (65-74 years) showed continuous and faster-decreasing trends for both men and women. Average APC among men aged ≥75 years did not decrease. Among middle-aged and older women (75-84 and ≥85 years) decreasing trends were observed. Furthermore, the age-adjusted mortality rate of men was approximately twice that of women, and it showed a faster decrease for women.
CONCLUSIONS:
Although Japanese healthcare has shown improvement in preventing fall-related deaths over the last two decades, the crude mortality for those aged over 85 years remains high, indicating difficulty in reducing fall-related deaths in the super-aged population. Further investigations to uncover causal factors for falls in older populations are required. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HagiyaHideharu en-aut-sei=Hagiya en-aut-mei=Hideharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoyamaToshihiro en-aut-sei=Koyama en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZamamiYoshito en-aut-sei=Zamami en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TatebeYasuhisa en-aut-sei=Tatebe en-aut-mei=Yasuhisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=FunahashiTomoko en-aut-sei=Funahashi en-aut-mei=Tomoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShinomiyaKazuaki en-aut-sei=Shinomiya en-aut-mei=Kazuaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitamuraYoshihisa en-aut-sei=Kitamura en-aut-mei=Yoshihisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=HinotsuShiro en-aut-sei=Hinotsu en-aut-mei=Shiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=SendoToshiaki en-aut-sei=Sendo en-aut-mei=Toshiaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=RakugiHiromi en-aut-sei=Rakugi en-aut-mei=Hiromi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanoMitsunobu R. en-aut-sei=Kano en-aut-mei=Mitsunobu R. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of General Internal Medicine, Osaka University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Tokushima University Graduate School kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tokushima Bunri University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Biostatistics, Sapporo Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of General Internal Medicine, Osaka University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=adult intensive & critical care kn-keyword=adult intensive & critical care en-keyword=epidemiology kn-keyword=epidemiology en-keyword=geriatric medicine kn-keyword=geriatric medicine en-keyword=health & safety kn-keyword=health & safety en-keyword=health policy kn-keyword=health policy en-keyword=public health kn-keyword=public health END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=9 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=20235 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=20191227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Place of death trends among patients with dementia in Japan: a population-based observational study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Dementia is a major public health concern in ageing societies. Although the population of Japan is among the most aged worldwide, long-term trends in the place of death (PoD) among patients with dementia is unknown. In this Japanese nationwide observational study, we analysed trends in PoD using the data of patients with dementia who were aged >= 65 years and died during 1999-2016. Trends in the crude death rates and PoD frequencies were analysed using the Joinpoint regression model. Changes in these trends were assessed using the Joinpoint regression analysis in which significant change points, the annual percentage change (APC) and average APCs (AAPC) in hospitals, homes, or nursing homes were estimated. During 1999-2016, the number of deaths among patients with dementia increased from 3,235 to 23,757 (total: 182,000). A trend analysis revealed increased mortality rates, with an AAPC of 8.2% among men and 9.3% among women. Most patients with dementia died in the hospital, although the prevalence of hospital deaths decreased (AAPC: -1.0%). Moreover, the prevalence of nursing home deaths increased (AAPC: 5.6%), whereas the prevalence of home deaths decreased (AAPC: -5.8%). These findings support a reconsideration of the end-of-life care provided to patients with dementia. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KoyamaToshihiro en-aut-sei=Koyama en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SasakiMisato en-aut-sei=Sasaki en-aut-mei=Misato kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HagiyaHideharu en-aut-sei=Hagiya en-aut-mei=Hideharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZamamiYoshito en-aut-sei=Zamami en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=FunahashiTomoko en-aut-sei=Funahashi en-aut-mei=Tomoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhshimaAyako en-aut-sei=Ohshima en-aut-mei=Ayako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=TatebeYasuhisa en-aut-sei=Tatebe en-aut-mei=Yasuhisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MikamiNaoko en-aut-sei=Mikami en-aut-mei=Naoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShinomiyaKazuaki en-aut-sei=Shinomiya en-aut-mei=Kazuaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitamuraYoshihisa en-aut-sei=Kitamura en-aut-mei=Yoshihisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=SendoToshiaki en-aut-sei=Sendo en-aut-mei=Toshiaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=HinotsuShiro en-aut-sei=Hinotsu en-aut-mei=Shiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanoMitsunobu R. en-aut-sei=Kano en-aut-mei=Mitsunobu R. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Tokushima University Graduate School kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Division of Pharmacy, Chiba University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Biostatistics, Sapporo Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=37 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=1258 end-page=1266 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2015 dt-pub=201512 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Exploring autistic-like traits relating to empathic attitude and psychological distress in hospital pharmacists en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=BACKGROUND: Pharmacists are expected to play a key role in modern cancer care. Research suggests that an empathic approach and attitude in medical staff improves the quality of patient care. An empathic attitude and psychological distress are thought to be associated with autistic-like traits, but little is known about such traits. OBJECTIVE: In this study, we aimed to clarify the associations among autistic-like traits, empathic attitude in a medical context, and psychological health in hospital pharmacists. SETTING: Eligibility criteria for inclusion were certified pharmacists working at hospitals for patient care who returned their questionnaires. METHOD: Eight hundred and twenty-three hospital pharmacists completed a number of self-administered questionnaires anonymously by mail. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Scores were obtained on the Autism-Spectrum Quotient, the Jefferson Scale of Empathy, the General Health Questionnaire-12, and subscales of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (Perspective Taking, IRI-Empathic Concern, IRIPersonal Distress). We performed correlation and mediation analyses to confirm that the empathy and general health questionnaires were associated with autism-spectrum quotient scores, and with each IRI subscale. RESULTS: Complete responses were obtained from 379 pharmacists comprising 151 males (39.8 %) with a mean age of 37.7 ± 10.8 years (missing data, n = 13) and a median of 11 years after qualification as a pharmacist. Autism-Spectrum Quotient scores were inversely correlated with empathy (r = -0.22, p < 0.001) and positively correlated with general health scores (r = 0.40, p < 0.001). In the models with mediation, the inverse correlation between autism-spectrum quotient and empathy scores was mediated indirectly by IRI-Perspective Taking and IRI-Empathic Concern, and the positive correlation between autism-spectrum quotient and general health was mediated indirectly by IRI-Personal Distress. There were also direct effects, with significant effects of autism-spectrum quotient on empathy and general health scores. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that autistic-like traits affect both empathic attitude in a medical context and the psychological health of pharmacists. We recommend that to improve empathy in those with high levels of autistic-like traits, we may need to develop specialized interventions, such as improving communication skills training. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HiguchiYuji en-aut-sei=Higuchi en-aut-mei=Yuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=UchitomiYosuke en-aut-sei=Uchitomi en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujimoriMaiko en-aut-sei=Fujimori en-aut-mei=Maiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoyamaToshihiro en-aut-sei=Koyama en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KataokaHitomi en-aut-sei=Kataoka en-aut-mei=Hitomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitamuraYoshihisa en-aut-sei=Kitamura en-aut-mei=Yoshihisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SendoToshiaki en-aut-sei=Sendo en-aut-mei=Toshiaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=InagakiMasatoshi en-aut-sei=Inagaki en-aut-mei=Masatoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of NeuropsychiatryOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Innovation Center for Supportive, Palliative and Psychosocial CareNational Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Center for Suicide Prevention, National Institute of Mental HealthNational Center for Neurology and Psychiatry kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Clinical PharmacyOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Primary Care and Medical EducationOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Clinical PharmacyOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Clinical PharmacyOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of NeuropsychiatryOkayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=Empathy kn-keyword=Empathy en-keyword= Hospital pharmacist kn-keyword= Hospital pharmacist en-keyword= Japan kn-keyword= Japan en-keyword= Pharmaceutical care kn-keyword= Pharmaceutical care END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=29 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=1027 end-page=1033 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2014 dt-pub=2014 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Utility of simple suspension method compared to loss of drug using crushing method on tube administration kn-title=粉砕法による経管投与における薬剤量損失に対する簡易懸濁法の有用性についての検討 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=Objective: In the past, a conventional crushing method was used for the administration of tablets or capsules by tube in patients with dysphagia. However, this method has several problems, such as a loss of the drug amount and tube clogging. Recently, tube administration by a simple suspension method was developed to solve these problems in the conventional crushing method. Methods: In the present study, we investigated to what extent the dosage amount is lost using the simple suspension method compared to crushing method, employing 5 drugs which are frequently administered by tube in Okayama University Hospital. Results: Drug weights of the 5 agents decreased by 70 ～ 90% in the grinding and packaging processes because of drug adhesion to the mortar, packaging machine, and drug package paper. The suspension of all drugs using the simple suspension method was uniform, while only the suspension of Warfarin® ground using the crushing method was shown to be showed inhomogeneous, which is expected to lead to a loss of drug. The drug content on assuming clinical a setting after tube passage was compared between the two methods. The recovery of warfarin®, characterized as unstable using the crushing method, was nearly 50%, but loss was prevented by 80% with the use of bags of medicine. For the simple suspension method, the recovery of warfarin® was almost 100%. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the simple suspension method is particularly effective for the tube administration of drugs characterized as unstable. kn-abstract=【目的】従来の薬剤経管投与法である粉砕法は薬効の減少につながる薬剤量の損失が指摘されている。そこで粉砕法による薬剤量損失に対する簡易懸濁法の有用性について検討した。 【方法】頻繁に粉砕指示がなされる5種類の薬剤を用いて粉砕・分包による薬物含量減少、薬剤調製時の懸濁性および実際の経管投与を想定した薬物含量について2つの方法を比較した。 【結果】薬剤を粉砕・分包するとそれぞれの薬物含量は減少した。またワーファリン®錠を粉砕して水に溶解すると完全には懸濁せず、小さな塊が生じたが、簡易懸濁法では均一に懸濁した。ワーファリン®錠の経管投与を想定した実験において粉砕法では薬物含量が大幅に減少したが、簡易懸濁法では、ほとんど損失が認められなかった。【結論】簡易懸濁法は粉砕法に比べて薬剤損失の面で有用性が高いことが示唆され、ワーファリン®錠のように安定性が悪い薬剤では特に適正な薬物投与に貢献出来ると考えられる。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ZamamiYoshito en-aut-sei=Zamami en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name=座間味義人 kn-aut-sei=座間味 kn-aut-mei=義人 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoyamaToshihiro en-aut-sei=Koyama en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name=小山敏広 kn-aut-sei=小山 kn-aut-mei=敏広 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=AibaTetsuya en-aut-sei=Aiba en-aut-mei=Tetsuya kn-aut-name=合葉哲也 kn-aut-sei=合葉 kn-aut-mei=哲也 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=AmanoManabu en-aut-sei=Amano en-aut-mei=Manabu kn-aut-name=天野学 kn-aut-sei=天野 kn-aut-mei=学 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=AndoTetsuaki en-aut-sei=Ando en-aut-mei=Tetsuaki kn-aut-name=安藤哲信 kn-aut-sei=安藤 kn-aut-mei=哲信 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KurataNaomi en-aut-sei=Kurata en-aut-mei=Naomi kn-aut-name=倉田なおみ kn-aut-sei=倉田 kn-aut-mei=なおみ aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=NawaHideki en-aut-sei=Nawa en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name=名和秀起 kn-aut-sei=名和 kn-aut-mei=秀起 aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakuraHironori en-aut-sei=Nakura en-aut-mei=Hironori kn-aut-name=名倉弘哲 kn-aut-sei=名倉 kn-aut-mei=弘哲 aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitamuraYoshihisa en-aut-sei=Kitamura en-aut-mei=Yoshihisa kn-aut-name=北村佳久 kn-aut-sei=北村 kn-aut-mei=佳久 aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=SendoToshiaki en-aut-sei=Sendo en-aut-mei=Toshiaki kn-aut-name=千堂年昭 kn-aut-sei=千堂 kn-aut-mei=年昭 aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院 医歯薬学総合研究科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院 医歯薬学総合研究科 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院 医歯薬学総合研究科 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=兵庫医療大学 薬学部 affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=吉備高原ルミエール病院 薬剤科 affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=昭和大学 薬学部 affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学病院 薬剤部 affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院 医歯薬学総合研究科 affil-num=9 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学病院 薬剤部 affil-num=10 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学病院 薬剤部 en-keyword=簡易懸濁法 (simple suspension method) kn-keyword=簡易懸濁法 (simple suspension method) en-keyword=経管投与 (tube administration) kn-keyword=経管投与 (tube administration) en-keyword=薬剤量の損失 (loss of drug amount) kn-keyword=薬剤量の損失 (loss of drug amount) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=31 cd-vols= no-issue=11 article-no= start-page=2103 end-page=2107 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2008 dt-pub=20081101 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Royal jelly ameliorates insulin resistance in fructose-drinking rats en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Royal jelly (RJ) is known to contain excellent nutrition and a variety of biological activities. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of RJ on insulin resistance (hyperinsulinemia) in fructose-drinking rats (FDR; insulin resistance animal model). Male Wistar rats (6 weeks old) received 15% fructose solution in drinking water for 8 weeks. FDR showed significant increases in plasma levels of insulin and triglyceride, Homeostasis Model Assessment ratio (HOMA-R, an index of insulin resistance), and systolic blood pressure, but not blood glucose levels, when compared with control rats. RJ (100, 300mg/kg, p.o.) treatment for 8 weeks significantly decreased the plasma levels of insulin and triglyceride, HOMA-R, without affecting blood glucose or total cholesterol levels and tended to lower systolic blood pressure. In isolated and perfused mesenteric vascular beds of FDR, RJ treatment resulted in a significant reduction in sympathetic nerve-mediated vasoconstrictor response to periarterial nerve stimulation (PNS) and tended to increase the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) nervemediated vasodilator response to PNS, compared with those in untreated FDR. However, RJ treatment did not significantly affect norepinephrine-induced vasoconstriction or CGRP-induced vasodilation. These results suggest that RJ could be an effective functional food to prevent insulin resistance associated with the development of hypertension. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ZamamiYoshito en-aut-sei=Zamami en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name=座間味義人 kn-aut-sei=座間味 kn-aut-mei=義人 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakatoriShingo en-aut-sei=Takatori en-aut-mei=Shingo kn-aut-name=高取真吾 kn-aut-sei=高取 kn-aut-mei=真吾 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=GodaMitsuhiro en-aut-sei=Goda en-aut-mei=Mitsuhiro kn-aut-name=合田光寛 kn-aut-sei=合田 kn-aut-mei=光寛 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoyamaToshihiro en-aut-sei=Koyama en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name=小山敏広 kn-aut-sei=小山 kn-aut-mei=敏広 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwataniYukiko en-aut-sei=Iwatani en-aut-mei=Yukiko kn-aut-name=岩谷有希子 kn-aut-sei=岩谷 kn-aut-mei=有希子 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=JinXin en-aut-sei=Jin en-aut-mei=Xin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=Takada-DoiShima en-aut-sei=Takada-Doi en-aut-mei=Shima kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawasakiHiromu en-aut-sei=Kawasaki en-aut-mei=Hiromu kn-aut-name=川﨑博己 kn-aut-sei=川﨑 kn-aut-mei=博己 aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科臨床薬学分野 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=日本新薬創薬研究所 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科臨床薬学分野 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科臨床薬学分野 affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科臨床薬学分野 affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科臨床薬学分野 affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=山田養蜂場本社研究開発部 affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科臨床薬学分野 en-keyword=royal jelly kn-keyword=royal jelly en-keyword=fructose-drinking rat kn-keyword=fructose-drinking rat en-keyword=insulin resistance kn-keyword=insulin resistance en-keyword=periarterial nerve function kn-keyword=periarterial nerve function END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=127 cd-vols= no-issue=12 article-no= start-page=2065 end-page=2073 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2007 dt-pub=20071201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Effect of propolis on insulin resistance in fructose-drinking rats kn-title=フルクトース負荷インスリン抵抗性モデル(ラット)におけるPropolisによるインスリン抵抗性改善作用 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Propolis, a honeybee product, contains a variety of biologically active substances. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of propolis on insulin resistance induced by fructose-drinking rats (FDR; type 2 diabetic animal model). Male Wistar rats (6 weeks old) received 15% fructose solution in drinking water for 8 weeks. FDR showed significant increases in plasma levels of insulin, Homeostasis Model Assessment ratio (HOMA-R, an index of insulin resistance), body weight, and systolic blood pressure but not blood glucose levels, when compared with control rats. Brazilian propolis extract (100 and 300mg/kg, p. o.) treatment for 8 weeks significantly decreased the plasma level of insulin, HOMA-R, and body weight, increased plasma triglyceride levels without affecting blood glucose and total cholesterol levels, and tended to decrease systolic blood pressure. In isolated and perfused mesenteric vascular beds of FDR, propolis treatment resulted in a significant reduction of sympathetic nerve-mediated vasoconstrictor response to periarterial nerve stimulation (PNS; 8Hz) and tended to increase the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) nerve-mediated vasodilator response to PNS, compared with those in untreated FDR. However, propolis treatment did not significantly affect norepinephrine-induced vasoconstriction and CGRP-induced vasodilation. These results suggest that propolis could be an effective functional food to prevent the development of insulin resistance. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ZamamiYoshito en-aut-sei=Zamami en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name=座間味義人 kn-aut-sei=座間味 kn-aut-mei=義人 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakatoriShingo en-aut-sei=Takatori en-aut-mei=Shingo kn-aut-name=高取真吾 kn-aut-sei=高取 kn-aut-mei=真吾 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoayamaToshihiro en-aut-sei=Koayama en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name=小山敏広 kn-aut-sei=小山 kn-aut-mei=敏広 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=GodaMitsuhiro en-aut-sei=Goda en-aut-mei=Mitsuhiro kn-aut-name=合田光寛 kn-aut-sei=合田 kn-aut-mei=光寛 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwataniYukiko en-aut-sei=Iwatani en-aut-mei=Yukiko kn-aut-name=岩谷有希子 kn-aut-sei=岩谷 kn-aut-mei=有希子 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=DoiShima en-aut-sei=Doi en-aut-mei=Shima kn-aut-name=土井志真 kn-aut-sei=土井 kn-aut-mei=志真 aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawasakiHiromu en-aut-sei=Kawasaki en-aut-mei=Hiromu kn-aut-name=川﨑博己 kn-aut-sei=川﨑 kn-aut-mei=博己 aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科臨床薬学分野 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=日本新薬創薬研究所 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科臨床薬学分野 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科臨床薬学分野 affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科臨床薬学分野 affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=山田養蜂場本社研究開発部 affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科臨床薬学分野 en-keyword=propolis kn-keyword=propolis en-keyword=fructose-drinking rat kn-keyword=fructose-drinking rat en-keyword=insulin resistance kn-keyword=insulin resistance en-keyword=periarterial nerve function kn-keyword=periarterial nerve function END