Flagellin, a component of the flagellar filament of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci 6605 (Pta), induces hypersensitive reaction in its non-host Arabidopsis thaliana. We identified the WRKY41 gene, which belongs to a multigene family encoding WRKY plant-specific transcription factors, as one of the flagellin-inducible genes in A. thaliana. Expression of WRKY41 is induced by inoculation with the incompatible pathogen P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (Pto) possessing AvrRpt2 and the non-host pathogens Pta within 6-h after inoculation, but not by inoculation with the compatible Pto. Expression of WRKY41 was also induced by inoculation of A. thaliana with an hrp-type three secretion system (T3SS)-defective mutant of Pto, indicating that effectors produced by T3SS in the Pto wild-type suppress the activation of WRKY41. Arabidopsis overexpressing WRKY41 showed enhanced resistance to the Pto wild-type but increased susceptibility to Erwinia carotovora EC1. WRKY41-overexpressing Arabidopsis constitutively expresses the PR5 gene, but suppresses the methyl jasmonate-induced PDF1.2 gene expression. These results demonstrate that WRKY41 may be a key regulator in the cross talk of salicylic acid and jasmonic acid pathways.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HigashiKuniaki en-aut-sei=Higashi en-aut-mei=Kuniaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshigaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Ishiga en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=InagakiYoshishige en-aut-sei=Inagaki en-aut-mei=Yoshishige kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyodaKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Toyoda en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShiraishiTomonori en-aut-sei=Shiraishi en-aut-mei=Tomonori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=IchinoseYuki en-aut-sei=Ichinose en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University en-keyword=flagellin kn-keyword=flagellin en-keyword=flg22 kn-keyword=flg22 en-keyword=FLS2 kn-keyword=FLS2 en-keyword=MAMP signaling pathway kn-keyword=MAMP signaling pathway en-keyword=WRKY41 kn-keyword=WRKY41 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=18 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=152 end-page=159 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2007 dt-pub=20070101 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Elicitin-responsive lectin-like receptor kinase genes in BY-2 cells en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The inhibition of elicitor-induced plant defense responses by the protein kinase inhibitors K252a and staurosporine indicates that defense responses require protein phosphorylation. We isolated a cDNA clone encoding Nicotiana tabacum lectin-like receptor protein kinase 1 ( NtlecRK1), an elicitor-responsive gene; in tobacco bright yellow ( BY-2) cells by a differential display method. NtlecRK forms a gene family with at least three members in tobacco. All three NtlecRK genes potentially encode the N-terminal legume lectin domain, transmembrane domain and C-terminal Ser/Thr-type protein kinase domain. Green fluorescent protein ( GFP) fusion showed that the NtlecRK1 protein was located on the plasma membrane. In addition, NtlecRK1 and 3 were responsive to INF1 elicitin and the bacterial elicitor harpin. These results indicate that NtlecRKs are membrane-located protein kinases that are induced during defense responses in BY-2 cells.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SasabeMichiko en-aut-sei=Sasabe en-aut-mei=Michiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaitoKana en-aut-sei=Naito en-aut-mei=Kana kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuenagaHiroko en-aut-sei=Suenaga en-aut-mei=Hiroko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkedaTakako en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Takako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyodaKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Toyoda en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=InagakiYoshishige en-aut-sei=Inagaki en-aut-mei=Yoshishige kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShiraishiTomonori en-aut-sei=Shiraishi en-aut-mei=Tomonori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=IchinoseYuki en-aut-sei=Ichinose en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Laboratory of Plant Pathology & Genetic Engineering, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Laboratory of Plant Pathology & Genetic Engineering, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Laboratory of Plant Pathology & Genetic Engineering, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Laboratory of Plant Pathology & Genetic Engineering, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Laboratory of Plant Pathology & Genetic Engineering, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Laboratory of Plant Pathology & Genetic Engineering, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Laboratory of Plant Pathology & Genetic Engineering, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=Laboratory of Plant Pathology & Genetic Engineering, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University en-keyword=defense response kn-keyword=defense response en-keyword=elicitin kn-keyword=elicitin en-keyword=lectin kn-keyword=lectin en-keyword=receptor-like kinase kn-keyword=receptor-like kinase en-keyword=tobacco BY-2 kn-keyword=tobacco BY-2 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=923 end-page=938 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2006 dt-pub=20066 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Identification of glycosylation genes and glycosylated amino acids of flagellin in Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A glycosylation island is a genetic region required for glycosylation. The glycosylation island of flagellin in Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci 6605 consists of three orfs: orf1, orf2 and orf3. Orf1 and orf2 encode putative glycosyltransferases, and their deletion mutants, Delta orf1 and Delta orf2, exhibit deficient flagellin glycosylation or produce partially glycosylated flagellin respectively. Digestion of glycosylated flagellin from wild-type bacteria and non-glycosylated flagellin from Delta orf1 mutant using aspartic N-peptidase and subsequent HPLC analysis revealed candidate glycosylated amino acids. By generation of site-directed Ser/Ala-substituted mutants, all glycosylated amino acid residues were identified at positions 143, 164, 176, 183, 193 and 201. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) analysis revealed that each glycan was about 540 Da. While all glycosylation-defective mutants retained swimming ability, swarming ability was reduced in the Delta orf1, Delta orf2 and Ser/Ala-substituted mutants. All glycosylation mutants were also found to be impaired in the ability to adhere to a polystyrene surface and in the ability to cause disease in tobacco. Based on the predicted tertiary structure of flagellin, S176 and S183 are expected to be located on most external surface of the flagellum. Thus the effect of Ala-substitution of these serines is stronger than that of other serines. These results suggest that glycosylation of flagellin in P. syringae pv. tabaci 6605 is required for bacterial virulence. It is also possible that glycosylation of flagellin may mask elicitor function of flagellin molecule. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TaguchiFumiko en-aut-sei=Taguchi en-aut-mei=Fumiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeuchiKasumi en-aut-sei=Takeuchi en-aut-mei=Kasumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatohEtsuko en-aut-sei=Katoh en-aut-mei=Etsuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurataKatsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Murata en-aut-mei=Katsuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiTomoko en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Tomoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MarutaniMizuri en-aut-sei=Marutani en-aut-mei=Mizuri kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawasakiTakayuki en-aut-sei=Kawasaki en-aut-mei=Takayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=EguchiMinako en-aut-sei=Eguchi en-aut-mei=Minako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatohShizue en-aut-sei=Katoh en-aut-mei=Shizue kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=kakuHanae en-aut-sei=kaku en-aut-mei=Hanae kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=YasudaChihiro en-aut-sei=Yasuda en-aut-mei=Chihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=InagakiYoshishige en-aut-sei=Inagaki en-aut-mei=Yoshishige kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyodaKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Toyoda en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShiraishiTomonori en-aut-sei=Shiraishi en-aut-mei=Tomonori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=IchinoseYuki en-aut-sei=Ichinose en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=9 en-affil= kn-affil=National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences affil-num=10 en-affil= kn-affil=National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences affil-num=11 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=12 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=13 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=14 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=15 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University en-keyword=Gram-Negative bacteria kn-keyword=Gram-Negative bacteria en-keyword=Posttranslational modification kn-keyword=Posttranslational modification en-keyword=Protein Glycosylation kn-keyword=Protein Glycosylation en-keyword=Perception kn-keyword=Perception en-keyword=Aeruginosa kn-keyword=Aeruginosa en-keyword=Cells kn-keyword=Cells en-keyword=Specificity kn-keyword=Specificity en-keyword=Expression kn-keyword=Expression en-keyword=Plasmids kn-keyword=Plasmids en-keyword=Pathways kn-keyword=Pathways END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=92 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=21 end-page=26 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2003 dt-pub=200302 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=エンドウのエリシター誘導性遺伝子発現におけるAAAGモチーフとPsDof1タンパク質の関与 kn-title=Possible Involvement of AAAG Motif and PsDof1 in Elicitor-Induced Gene Expression in Pea en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=エリシターを処理したエンドウ上胚軸由来のRNAから作成されたcDNAライブラリーからエリシター処理により発現が増高する遺伝子候補のcDNAとしてPsDof1が単離された．大腸菌で生産されたGST-PsDof１融合タンパク質はAAAG配列をコアとするDNAに結合することが明らかにされている．本論文ではGST-PsDof１がエリシター応答性遺伝子の一つ，PsCHS1のプロモーター上のAAAGまたはCTTT配列を有する断片に特異的に結合することを明らかにした．更にAAAG配列のエリシター応答性シスエレメントとしての機能を解析するため，AAAG配列を４回繰り返したユニットをCaMV35Ｓの最小プロモーターとCATレポーター遺伝子に連結したキメラ遺伝子を構築し，エンドウプロトプラストにエレクトロポレーション法により導入した．CAT活性を指にプロモーター活性を調べたところ，AAAG配列を有するプロモーターは，エリシター処理により活性化されることが明らかとなった．これらの結果はPsDof１がエリシター応答性防御遺伝子のプロモーター上のAAAG配列に結合し，転写を活性化させる可能性を示唆している． kn-abstract=Recently, we, isolated cDNA clone, PsDof1, from clicitor-treated pea cDNA library. The putative gene product, a PsDof1, encodes DNA binding protein that specifically binds the DNA fragment containing AAAG core sequence. In this paper we report that GST-PsDof1 fusion protein specifically binds to the promoter region containing AAAG core sequence(s) of PsCHS1, one of the elicitor-inducible genes encoding chalcone synthase (CHS). Furthermore the addition of DNA fragment containing AAAG motif to the 35S minimal promoter provided the elicitor-responsibility in transient transfection assay using pea protoplasts. These results suggest that PsDof1 might be involved in defense responses by acitivating the transcription by a binding to AAAG core sequence in the promoter of the defense-related genes in pea. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SekiHikaru en-aut-sei=Seki en-aut-mei=Hikaru kn-aut-name=關光 kn-aut-sei=關 kn-aut-mei=光 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MarutaniMizuri en-aut-sei=Marutani en-aut-mei=Mizuri kn-aut-name=丸谷瑞理 kn-aut-sei=丸谷 kn-aut-mei=瑞理 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=InagakiYoshishige en-aut-sei=Inagaki en-aut-mei=Yoshishige kn-aut-name=稲垣善茂 kn-aut-sei=稲垣 kn-aut-mei=善茂 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyodaKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Toyoda en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name=豊田和弘 kn-aut-sei=豊田 kn-aut-mei=和弘 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShiraishiTomonori en-aut-sei=Shiraishi en-aut-mei=Tomonori kn-aut-name=白石友紀 kn-aut-sei=白石 kn-aut-mei=友紀 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=IchinoseYuki en-aut-sei=Ichinose en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name=一瀬勇規 kn-aut-sei=一瀬 kn-aut-mei=勇規 aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=cis-element kn-keyword=cis-element en-keyword=DNA binding proteins kn-keyword=DNA binding proteins en-keyword=Dof protein kn-keyword=Dof protein en-keyword=Elicitor kn-keyword=Elicitor END