start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=94 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=7 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=20050201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Genetic Analysis, Expression in Eschericia coli of Aconitase from Chemolithotrophic Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans kn-title=化学合成独立栄養細菌 Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans 由来アコニターゼの遺伝子解析と大腸菌での発現 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=An aconitase from Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans was purified and characterized, and its gene was cloned. The cloned aconitase gene (acn) was expressed in Escherichia coli JM 109; aconitase activity was found in the cell extarct. The acn gene encodes a 646-amino acid polypeptide and is located upstream of the isocitrate dehydrogenase gene (icd). A. thiooxidans aconitase showes high sequence similar to pig heart aconitase and E.coli aconitase B. Twenty-five of twenty-seven active site residues assigned in pig heart aconitase are conserved in A. thiooxidans aconitase. The enzyme was purified by DEAE-Toyopearl 650M column chromatogrophy. The purified enzyme had an optimum pH of 7.5 and an optimum temperature of 60 C. Thermal inactivation studies of the purified enzyme revealed the enzyme activity to be uninfluenced after one hour incubation at 40 c. Enzyme activity was retained 100% after incubation of the enzyme at pH 6.0-9.0 for 60min. The A. thiooxidans aconitase was composed of a single polypeptide chain with a molecular mass of 66 kDa. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KanaharaYohei en-aut-sei=Kanahara en-aut-mei=Yohei kn-aut-name=金原陽平 kn-aut-sei=金原 kn-aut-mei=陽平 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TamuraTakashi en-aut-sei=Tamura en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name=田村隆 kn-aut-sei=田村 kn-aut-mei=隆 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TokudaChizuka en-aut-sei=Tokuda en-aut-mei=Chizuka kn-aut-name=徳田千束 kn-aut-sei=徳田 kn-aut-mei=千束 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraAtsuo en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Atsuo kn-aut-name=中村淳雄 kn-aut-sei=中村 kn-aut-mei=淳雄 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsukawaHirokazu en-aut-sei=Matsukawa en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=松川寛和 kn-aut-sei=松川 kn-aut-mei=寛和 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=InagakiKenji en-aut-sei=Inagaki en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=稲垣賢二 kn-aut-sei=稲垣 kn-aut-mei=賢二 aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=オリエンタル酵母工業(株) affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=オリエンタル酵母工業(株) affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=オリエンタル酵母工業(株) affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=Aconitase kn-keyword=Aconitase en-keyword=Acidithiobacillus kn-keyword=Acidithiobacillus en-keyword=Isocitrate dehydrogenase kn-keyword=Isocitrate dehydrogenase END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=94 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=9 end-page=13 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=20050201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=岡山県新庄村で収穫されたサルナシ（Actinidia Arguta）果実の成分特性 kn-title=Juice Constituents in Actinidia arguta Fruits Produced in Shinjo, Okayama en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=岡山県新庄村で栽培されているサルナシ果実の健康食品としての評価を行うために，同地区のサルナシ園で生産された３品種（光香，峰香，在来種）の果実，及び近隣の山地で収穫された野生サルナシ果実の成分分析を行った．参考として，岡山市内のマーケットで購入された輸入のキウイフルーツ（ヘイワード），レモン（品種不明），及び国産のリンゴ（ふじ）の成分も調査した．サルナシ栽培品種では，収穫適期でも硬熟状態のものと軟熟状態のものが混在し，さらに普通の果実の半分程度の小果実（すべて軟熟）も混在した．果汁のビタミンＣ含量は，峰香の硬熟果と光香の小果で220〜260r/100mLと非常に高い値を示した．市販のキウイフルーツのビタミンＣ含量は約100r，レモンで50r，リンゴは４r/100mL程度であった．サルナシ果汁の全ポリフェノール含量とラジカル消去能はキウイフルーツと大差がなかったが，リンゴに比べれば有意に高かった．サルナシはキナ酸含量が最も高く，無機成分のN,Ca,Mg,Mn含量が高かったが，糖含量は低かった．本分析結果から，サルナシ果実はビタミンとポリフェノールが豊富で，現代人の食事で不足しがちなミネラルも多いことから，健康食品として評価されうる。 kn-abstract=Actinidia arguta fruits were collected from cultivated and wild vines in Shinjo Village, Okayama Prefecture, in order to evaluate their compositional characteristics, especially as a possible "healthy fruit". Imported kiwifruit (cv.Hayward) and lemon (cultivar unknown), and domestic apple (cv.Fuji) were purchased at a market in Okayama and analyzed for the reference. Hard-mature and soft-ripe fruits of normal size were harvested from each vine as well as soft-ripe small-sized fruit. Juice vitamin C contents were as high as 220mg/100mL in hard-mature Mine-ko fruit with a normal size and 260mg/100mL in soft-ripe small Mitsu-ko fruit. Vitamin C contents in kiwifruit, lemon, and apple were about 100mg/100ml, 50mg/100ml, respectively. Juice total polyphenol content and DPPH radical scavenging activity in A. arguta fruit but the total sugar content was the lowest. Flesh Ca, Mg, Mn contents were higher in A. arguta fruit than in kiwifruit and apple. From these results, A.arguta fruit produced in Shinjo can be evaluated as vitamin C-rich fruit with abundant polyphenol substances, and several useful minerals such as Ca, Mg, and Mn. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkamotoGoro en-aut-sei=Okamoto en-aut-mei=Goro kn-aut-name=岡本五郎 kn-aut-sei=岡本 kn-aut-mei=五郎 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=GotoShintaro en-aut-sei=Goto en-aut-mei=Shintaro kn-aut-name=後藤新太郎 kn-aut-sei=後藤 kn-aut-mei=新太郎 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=Actinidia arguta kn-keyword=Actinidia arguta en-keyword=fruit composition kn-keyword=fruit composition en-keyword=vitamin C kn-keyword=vitamin C en-keyword=polyphenol kn-keyword=polyphenol en-keyword=minerals kn-keyword=minerals END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=94 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=15 end-page=18 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=20050201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Effect of Medium and Planting Data on the Occurrence of Leaf-yellow-spot in Chrysanthemum 'Seikounomakoto' kn-title=培地および定植期がキク‘精興の誠’の黄斑発生に及ぼす影響 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Effects of medium and planting data on the occurrence of leaf-yellow-spot in chrysanthemum 'Seikounomakoto' Dendranthema grandiflora Kitamura were investigated. Long duration was required until occurrence of leaf yellow-spot. Moreover, advance of leaf-yellow-spot was slow. The occurrence of leaf-yellow-spot was remarkably increased by sandy loam soil, but decreased by peatmoss and sand medium. Regardless of medium, pattern of occurrence of leaf-yellow-spot was similar. The occurrence of leaf-yellow-spot was attected by planting date, and was remarkably increased by high temperature and irradiation, but decreased by low temperature affected the occurence of leaf-yellow-spot en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=GotoTanjuro en-aut-sei=Goto en-aut-mei=Tanjuro kn-aut-name=後藤丹十郎 kn-aut-sei=後藤 kn-aut-mei=丹十郎 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkiAkinori en-aut-sei=Oki en-aut-mei=Akinori kn-aut-name=沖章紀 kn-aut-sei=沖 kn-aut-mei=章紀 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KageyamaYoshihiro en-aut-sei=Kageyama en-aut-mei=Yoshihiro kn-aut-name=景山詳弘 kn-aut-sei=景山 kn-aut-mei=詳弘 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=environmental factors kn-keyword=environmental factors en-keyword=irradiation kn-keyword=irradiation en-keyword=leaf-yellow-spot kn-keyword=leaf-yellow-spot en-keyword=medium kn-keyword=medium en-keyword=temperature kn-keyword=temperature END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=94 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=19 end-page=24 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=20050201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=A Novel Fertigation Technology developed for Spray Chrysanthemums in Bench Culture Based on Apparent Nutrient Uptake Concentration kn-title=スプレーギクのベンチ栽培における見かけの養分吸収濃度に基づいた灌水同時施肥栽培法の開発 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=To develop a simple and rational fertigation technology of spray chrysanthemum in bench culture, the effects of fertigation method by apparent nutrient uptake concentration (ANUC) on growth and cut flower quality were investigated. Twenty-five percentage of the total nitrogen application amount (267mg/shoot) was fertilized as basal fertilizer before planting. The ohter was fertilized by the following four methods after pinching. The other elemental nutrients were applied in proportion to nitrogen. 1) Fixed quantity: an equal amount of nitrogen was fertilized every week. Moreover, water was applied so as not to leach through the bench when pF value is more than 1.8. 2) Fixed time: liquid fertilizer by ANUC was applied everyday at 8 a.m. The applied quantities on every growth stage were calculated based on former water consumption. 3) pF: liquid fertilizer by ANUC was applied so as not leach through the bench when pF value is more than 1.8. 4) Fixed time and pF: liquid fertilizer by twice ANUC was applied everyday at 8 a.m. Moreover, water was applied so as not to leach through the bench when pF value was more than 1.8. Incontract, 5) Manual: liquid fertilizer by the fertigation manual for field was applied. Total nitrogen application was 357 mgN per plant. The growth and cut flower quality were good regardless of fertigation method. Total nitrogen application amount was approximately 267mg per plant in Fixed quality, Fixed time, pF plots and Fixed Time and pF plot. However, 19 mg and 100 mgN per plant in order to leaching run off through the bench on Fixed time plot and Manual plot, respectively. Usually pF value changed between 1.5 and 2.0 during growing period in Fixed quantity, pF plots and Fixed time and pF plot. On the other hand pF value during late growth reached more than 2.0 in Fixed time and Manual plot, and strong water stress occured. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShimaKohji en-aut-sei=Shima en-aut-mei=Kohji kn-aut-name=島浩二 kn-aut-sei=島 kn-aut-mei=浩二 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=GotoTanjuro en-aut-sei=Goto en-aut-mei=Tanjuro kn-aut-name=後藤丹十郎 kn-aut-sei=後藤 kn-aut-mei=丹十郎 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KageyamaYoshihiro en-aut-sei=Kageyama en-aut-mei=Yoshihiro kn-aut-name=景山詳弘 kn-aut-sei=景山 kn-aut-mei=詳弘 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=和歌山県農林水産総合技術センター農業試験場 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=apparent nutrient uptake concentration kn-keyword=apparent nutrient uptake concentration en-keyword=bench culture fertigation technology kn-keyword=bench culture fertigation technology en-keyword=spray chrysanthemum kn-keyword=spray chrysanthemum END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=94 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=25 end-page=29 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=20050201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Growth Characters and Genetic Inheritance in Tomato cv. 'First' Musant with Short Internodes Induced by Seed Irradiation with Ion Beam kn-title=トマト‘ファースト’種子へのイオンビーム照射によって誘発された短節茎突然変異体の生育肥大特性と遺伝様式 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Tomato(Lycopersicon esculentum L.) cv. 'First' mutants with short internodes grew vigorously. The number of leaves slightly increased and the shape of the leaves was similar to wild type. In inflorescence morphology, the number of flowers increased and the length of peduncle and pedicel were shorter. In fruit characteristics, weight per fruit, total yield, sugar and acid contents were similar to wild type. But a lot of malformed fruit set was observed in the mutant line, due to the number of locules and short length of the peduncle and pedisel. The segregation ratio of the short internodes character fitted 3:1 of normal:short ,hence it was considered to be contralled by a single pair of recessive genes. Allelism with alresdy known dwart gene was examined by crossing with 'Alisa Craig', which had a symbolized dwart gene, br or bu. Thereby, it was revealed that bu and short internodes gene ware in the same gene locus. This mutant line has no negative effect on plant growth and fruit yield, but was unsuitable for use as fresh fruit by reason of malformed fruits. These results indicated the possibility of breeding of a new cultivar with bu gene derived from 'First'. Since the mutant with short internodes is derived from 'First', which is already a commercial variety with excellent characteristics, raising a new commercial variety with short internodes trait may not take a long time. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MasudaMasaharu en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Masaharu kn-aut-name=桝田正治 kn-aut-sei=桝田 kn-aut-mei=正治 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YuasaToshihiko en-aut-sei=Yuasa en-aut-mei=Toshihiko kn-aut-name=湯浅寿彦 kn-aut-sei=湯浅 kn-aut-mei=寿彦 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurakamiKenji en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=村上賢治 kn-aut-sei=村上 kn-aut-mei=賢治 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=bu gene kn-keyword=bu gene en-keyword=ion beam kn-keyword=ion beam en-keyword=mutant kn-keyword=mutant en-keyword=short internodes kn-keyword=short internodes en-keyword=tomato kn-keyword=tomato END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=94 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=31 end-page=37 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=20050201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=生産者部会における協同と協働の展望 kn-title=A View of Co-operation and Collaboration in Sectional Meetings en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=今日の農協運営は，役職員主導の傾向が強い．それは，所有者・利用者・運営者の三位一体的性格に無自覚な組合員を多数生み出している．その中，農協内の分権的事業運営組織として，高い結集力を保ってきたのが部会である．ただ，部会員の異質化が進み，その自主性，主体性は低下している．そこで本論では，北信州みゆき農業協同組合管内のリンゴ部会を事例にとりあげ，生産者部会を具体的な場とする，部会員間の協同と，部会員と職員の協働の展望について，ソーシャル・キャピタル論に基づき考察した．事例農協管内には，職員主導型と部会役員主導型の二つのリンゴ部会があり，後者の結集力が高かった．その相違を踏まえて，協同の再構築には，特定の分野に焦点を当てた活動や近接性から部会員間のネットワークを創出し，さらに役員の献身性を駆動力として，部会員が相互に協力を促すポジティブフィードバックを導くべきことを指摘した．また，協働の構築には，職員が市場と部会員の連結を遂行し，協同活動の発展と農業経営の発展が一致するよう絶えず努力すべきことを指摘した．横のネットワークとしての協同，縦のネットワークとしての協働を構築し，それらネットワークにおいて，相互支援の考え方を貫けるならば，部会員のソーシャル・キャピタルは豊富なものとなり，部会は安定的に発展することとなろう． kn-abstract=Today's agricultural cooperatives management is tending to be led by executives and employees. It has produced many unconsous members in the organic whole system of an owner, a user, and a management person. In such a situation, the sectional meeting has maintained members' high concentration power as a business management organization decentralized within agricultural cooperatives. However, while the heterogeneity inside members is deepened, independence and autonomy in sectional meetings tend to fall. This paper takes up the apple sectional meeting in Kita Shishu Miyuki Agricultural Cooperative, and co-operation among members and collaboration betwween members and employees are considered, based on social capital theory. There were two apple sectional meetings, the initiative type of employees and the initiative type of sectional meeting officers, in a case agriculturral cooperative, and the concentration power of the latter was high. Based on the difference, we pointed out as following. In order to reconstruct co-operation among members, it is necessary to create a network from the activity which focused on the specific field, or nearness and to lead to positive feedback which encourages mutual co-oepration by making selfsacrifice of an officer into driving force. Moreover, in order to build collaboration between a sectional meeting member and an employee, the latter as the connecting person between the market and the members has to try hard continuously so that development of co-operation activity can match development of farm management. The co-operation as a horizontal network and the collaboration as a vertical network are built, and the soul of mutual support must be penetrated in these networks. Then, the member' social capital as resources will become abundant, and sectional meetings will develop stably. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NishiiKengo en-aut-sei=Nishii en-aut-mei=Kengo kn-aut-name=西井賢悟 kn-aut-sei=西井 kn-aut-mei=賢悟 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KomatsuYasunobu en-aut-sei=Komatsu en-aut-mei=Yasunobu kn-aut-name=小松泰信 kn-aut-sei=小松 kn-aut-mei=泰信 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YokomizoIsao en-aut-sei=Yokomizo en-aut-mei=Isao kn-aut-name=横溝功 kn-aut-sei=横溝 kn-aut-mei=功 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=co-operation kn-keyword=co-operation en-keyword=collaboration kn-keyword=collaboration en-keyword=sectional meeting kn-keyword=sectional meeting en-keyword=agricultural cooperatives kn-keyword=agricultural cooperatives en-keyword=social capital kn-keyword=social capital END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=94 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=39 end-page=45 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=20050201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=ATP-citrate Lyase: The key enzyme of the reductive TCA cycle kn-title=還元的 ＴＣＡ 回路の鍵酵素 ATP-citrate lyase について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Almost all organic compounds which construct life are derived from carbon dioxide (CO2) assimilated by autotrrophic organisms.The reductive tricarboxylic acid (RTCA) cycle functions as a carbon dioxide fixation pathway, distinct from Calvin cycle, in a green sulfur bacterium Chlorobium limicola. ATP-citrate lyase (ACL) is one of the key enzymes of this cycle. The enzyme of C. limicola (Cl-ACL) was encoded in two adjacent open reading frames, aclB(1197bp) and aclA(1827bp), whose products showed signficant similarity to the N- and C-terminal regions of the human enzyme, respectively. Heterologous expression of these genes in Escherichia coli proved that both gene products were essential for ACL activity. Kinetic examination of the enzyme revealed that the enzyme displayed typical Michaelis-Monten kinetics toward ATP with an apparent Km value of 0.19mM. However, strong negative cooperativity was observed with respect to citrate binding. ADP was a competitive inhibitor of ATP with a Kj value of 0.036mM. Together with the feature that the enzyme catalyzed the reaction only in the direction of citrate cleavage, these kinetic properties indicated that Cl-ACL can regulate both the direction and carbon flux of the RTCA cycle in C. limicola. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KanaoTadayoshi en-aut-sei=Kanao en-aut-mei=Tadayoshi kn-aut-name=金尾忠芳 kn-aut-sei=金尾 kn-aut-mei=忠芳 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=CO2 fixation kn-keyword=CO2 fixation en-keyword=Reductive TCA cycle kn-keyword=Reductive TCA cycle en-keyword=ATP-citrate lyase kn-keyword=ATP-citrate lyase END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=94 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=47 end-page=55 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=20050201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Effects of Heading-time Genes on Pre-flowering Developmental Phases in Rice kn-title=イネ出穂期遺伝子の開花前生育相に及ぼす効果の解析 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Sixteen heading-time tester lines in rice (Oryza Sativa L.) for the six loci were subjected to transfer treatments from short (10-h) to long photoperiod(24-h) and vice versa at various times. Using an analytical model, we estimated seven parameters for the three pre-flowering developmental phases of each line: the basic vegetative phase (BVP), the subsequent photoperiod-sensitive phase (PSP), and the post photoperiod-sensitive phase until heading (PPP). The Sel locus was found to have an extrremely strong effect on PSP; Ef1, a slight effect on BVP and a considerable effect on PPP; and E1, a considerable effect on PSP, although their effects were modified by nonallelic interactions at these three loci. The effects of three other loci were almost negligible. Subsequently, two late-heading mutant lines HS169 and HS276 with an extremely long basic vegetative growth (BVG; days to heading under short photoperiod) period conferred by a recessive mutant gene ef1-h and a novel gene ef2, were subjected to photoperiodic transfer treatments. Both mutant genes were found to increase BVP and PPP markedly by themselves, whereas ef1 required nonallelic interaction with the Se1 locus. Based on the results, causal genetic pathways to flowering in rice and the significance of ef1-h and ef2 in recent rice breeding in the low latitudes were discussed. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NishidaHidetaka en-aut-sei=Nishida en-aut-mei=Hidetaka kn-aut-name=西田英隆 kn-aut-sei=西田 kn-aut-mei=英隆 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=rice kn-keyword=rice en-keyword=pre-flowering kn-keyword=pre-flowering en-keyword=developmental phase kn-keyword=developmental phase en-keyword=BVP kn-keyword=BVP en-keyword=PSP kn-keyword=PSP en-keyword=PPP kn-keyword=PPP END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=94 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=57 end-page=62 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=20050201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Developing a Fertilization Method Using Nitrogen Application Curve for Ornamental Crops kn-title=窒素施肥曲線を用いた花卉類の栄養管理法の開発 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A serious ploblem has recently come to light, that excessive fertilization in horticultural production is often associated with salt accumulation in soil and pollution of the hydrosphere around the culture field. Optimum fertilization with value and timing should be a balance between crop nutient absorption values, and fertilization. In previous studies for cut flower production, I found that the rate of plant growth closely paralleled the amount of nitrogen absorption. When nitrogen supply was unrestricted, increased nitrogen uptake frequently led to excessive plant growth and decreased cut flower quality. To produce economically marketable cut flowers, down-regulated nitrogen application curves(NAC) of standard type chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum), spray chrysantthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum), prairie gentian (Eustoma grandiflorum) and marguerite (Chrysanthemum frutescens) were developed. These fertilization methods are economical adn do not raise environmental contamination from fertilizer residue. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KageyamaYoshihiro en-aut-sei=Kageyama en-aut-mei=Yoshihiro kn-aut-name=景山詳弘 kn-aut-sei=景山 kn-aut-mei=詳弘 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=cut flower quality kn-keyword=cut flower quality en-keyword=nitrogen application curve kn-keyword=nitrogen application curve en-keyword=restrictive fertilization kn-keyword=restrictive fertilization END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=94 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=63 end-page=71 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=20050201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=ウシ卵巣における血管系の役割　−卵胞、黄体における血流およびホルモン分泌の変化− kn-title=In Vivo Studies on the Vascular Function in the Bovine Ovary: Determination of Blood Flow and Hormonal Secretion in the Follicle and Corpus Luteum en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=カラードップラー超音波断層診断装置は，直腸を介して卵巣内の構造変化および血流変化を評価することができ，排卵，黄体形成，黄体退行などの卵巣生理現象の観察に有効である．私は，ウシにおいてカラードップラー超音波断層診断装置を用いて卵胞壁および黄体内の血流変化について検討するとともに，微透析システム（MDS；microdialysis system）を卵胞壁および黄体内に装着し，局所的な血管作動性物質，ステロイドホルモンおよびプロスタグランディン類の分泌を調べた．また，卵巣静脈および頚静脈より血液を経時的に採取し，血管機能を調節する因子の経時的変化についても検討した．これらの成果から，ウシの卵巣生理現象（特に，排卵，黄体形成，および黄体退行）において，卵巣内の血管内皮細胞とステロイド産生細胞（卵胞内膜細胞，顆粒層細胞および黄体細胞）間にクロストーク（相互調節作用）の存在することが示唆された． kn-abstract=A transpectal color Doppler ultrasonography was used to assess changes in the ovarian structures and to determine blood flow that tale place in the follicle wall and within the corpus luteum (CL) dring specific physiological events such as ovulation, CL development, and CL regression in cows. To investigate the local release of vasoactive peptides, steroid hormones, and prostaglandins (PGs) in each ovarian structure, the capillary membranes (0.2mm diameter and 5-10mm length) of a microdialysis system (MDS) were implanted surgically implanted into the follicle wall or within the CL along with ovarian venous and jugular catheters to collect simultaneous, real-time information on the ovarian and systemic change in the secretion of factors regulating vascular function. Based on the results obtained from in vivo experiments, it was proposed that a physiological relevant "cross-talk" between the vascular components (endothelial cells) and steroidogenic cells occur in the bovine ovary particularly during ovulation, CL formation and regression. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AcostaT. J. en-aut-sei=Acosta en-aut-mei=T. J. kn-aut-name=アコスタアヤラ トーマス kn-aut-sei=アコスタ kn-aut-mei=アヤラ トーマス aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=Bovine kn-keyword=Bovine en-keyword=Ovary kn-keyword=Ovary en-keyword=Follicle kn-keyword=Follicle en-keyword=Corpus luteum kn-keyword=Corpus luteum en-keyword=Blood flow kn-keyword=Blood flow END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=94 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=73 end-page=79 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=20050201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Mating System and Facultative Parthenogenesis in the Termite Reticulitermes speratus kn-title=ヤマトシロアリの配偶システムと条件的単為生殖 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=ヤマトシロアリの配偶システムと単為生殖に関する最新の研究結果をレビューした．まず，シロアリの生活史について述べ，特に群飛から異性探索，そしてコロニー創設に至るまでの行動特性に関する新たな知見について述べた．ヤマトシロアリの雌の有翅虫は，群飛後に雄と配偶できなかった場合，単独，または二雌の共同でコロニーを創設し，単為生殖により繁殖することが明らかになった．単為生殖で産まれた子は，わずかな卵期間の延長を除けば，有性生殖の子と同様に正常発育する．染色体観察およびマイクロサテライト遺伝子解析により，ヤマトシロアリの単為生殖では末端融合型のオートミクシスにより二倍体に核相回復することが示された．さらに，単為生殖の進化に必要な条件，単為生殖の伴う遺伝的・発生的制約に加え，生態学的制約について考察した． kn-abstract=Both Social Hymenoptera (ants, bees and wasps) and Isoptera (termites) have independently evolved eusociality based on similar colony structures. In social Hymenoptera, queens found their colonies either solitarity or together with other newly mated queens. Males never contribute to colony foundation and social labor. In contrast to social hymenopterans, termite colony foundation usully involves both sexes. However, pairing efficiency tends to be low in the termite Reticulitermes speratus because of a limited mate-searching range, the female-biased sex ratio and a relatively low calling ability. Recently, facultative parthenogenesis was revealed to have important adaptive significance in R. speratus. Female alates that fail to pair with males found colonies cooperatively with partner females or even alone and reproduce by parthenogenesis in this species. Even female-female coopertion promotes colony foundation success if pairing with males is not possible. Facultative parthenogenesis is advantageous, even if ultimayely it may be inferior to sexual reproduction in terms of long term fitness. It enables female to reproduce in the event that a mating partner cannot be found. Diploid female progency that reproduced by thelytokous parthenogenesis showed normal development. Chromosome observation and genetic analysis using microsatellites showed that the restoration of ploidy is accomplished terminal fusion. In this paper, I discuss asexual colony foundation, mechanism of terminate parthenogenesis, selection factors for the evolution of parthenogenesis and the costs of asexual reproduction. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsuuraKenji en-aut-sei=Matsuura en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=松浦健二 kn-aut-sei=松浦 kn-aut-mei=健二 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=facultative parthenogenesis kn-keyword=facultative parthenogenesis en-keyword=sex ratio kn-keyword=sex ratio en-keyword=Reticulitermes kn-keyword=Reticulitermes en-keyword=terminal fusion kn-keyword=terminal fusion END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=1 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=15 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1952 dt-pub=1952 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=On the culture due to the low temperature treatment of the gladiolus corms. kn-title=グラジオラス球の低温処理による栽培 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=(1)グラジオラスの冬季開花を目標として15品種を用い,制御法(12品種)と促成法(3品種)とにより,球根の低温処理による栽培試験を行つた. (2)抑制法に於ては前年産の中球を用い,定植(9月14日及15日)迄10℃の冷蔵状態において,フレーム栽培を行ない11月中旬より電熱に依て保温したが,開花を終つたものは12月中旬迄に3品種,一部開花したものは5品種で,残りの4品種は全く開花しない(2月24日現在).この原因は冬季の最低温度7℃以下となつたためと思われる. (3)促成法に於てはその年収穫した球を用い,9月中旬より約1ケ月5℃の冷蔵庫に入れ,続いて次の1ケ月は25℃の定温器に約1ケ月入れ,11月15日に定植した所,2月24日現在ラッフルドビューチー種が30個の中22個花茎を抽出し,3個体が開花した.ペリグリナでは50球の中2ケが花茎を抽出し,ヘクターは未だそのままである. (4)促成塗で定植の際,処理映を発根させたものと未発根のまま植えたものでは,未発根のものの方が枯死する事が少く,葉数や草丈は初め小さくても後には発根球を凌駕するようである.但し,開花は発根球の方が早く,無処理区のものは成育が最もおそい. (5)促成法のフレームてば冬季の最低10℃内外で,この程度がグラジオラス冬季栽培の限度ではないかと思われる. (6)薬が定数(7〜9枚)に達していても低温の場合は花茎が容易に抽出せず,抽出しても開花期迄に永い日数を必要とする.更に花が咲いても花穂が短く,1花茎当の花数が少くなる. (7)冬季開花は加温の温度が適当であれば,球根の低温処理により実現が可能であるが,市場の要求程度から見ると,現在では12〜1月よりもむしろ2月以後に開花せしめる方が合理的であるようである.一般に開花容易なものには良品種少く,反対に優良なものは促成や抑制が困難のようである。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YasudaIsao en-aut-sei=Yasuda en-aut-mei=Isao kn-aut-name=安田勲 kn-aut-sei=安田 kn-aut-mei=勲 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YokoyamaJiro en-aut-sei=Yokoyama en-aut-mei=Jiro kn-aut-name=横山二郎 kn-aut-sei=横山 kn-aut-mei=二郎 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=グラジオラス球 kn-keyword=グラジオラス球 en-keyword=低温処理 kn-keyword=低温処理 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=1 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=16 end-page=25 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1952 dt-pub=1952 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Effect of Calcium on Chestnut. : I. On the Telerance for Calcium in Water Culture. (1) kn-title=栗に及ぼす石灰の影響 I.水耕栽培に於ける石灰抵抗性に就て(第1報) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=(1)栗の石灰抵抗性を検する為にN,P,K,Mg及Fe各々を35,23,29,20及5ppmを含む培養液にCaOl2にてCaを0,25,100,400,800,1600ppm礫耕のみを加へたものを用ひて礫耕及水耕栽培を行つた.(2)主として花崗岩よりなる礫を用ひた礫耕に於てI区(pH4.0-5.0),II区(pH5.5-6.0)III区(pH6.8-7.0)の各々につき石灰濃度1-5区(即ち0,25,100,400,1600ppm)とを組合せた15の区を設けて栗を栽培したところ次の傾向を認めた.(a)栗の生育はI>II>III区の順に良好である.(b)石灰の高濃度に堪へる程度もI>II>III区の順に大である.(C)82日間の栽培にて培養液中にCa0ppmにても正常な生育を認めた.(3)水耕栽増にて栗,桃及梨の実生を72日間,又少し後れて夏橙及柿を夫々81日及51日間栽培した.是等の試験にては培養液のpH値は5.5とし,Ca濃度はI,II,III,IV区各々25, 100,400,800ppmとした.栗の生育はI,II両区の間に統計的に差が認められなかつたが,IV区及III区の栗は実験開始後各々5及7週間後殆ど枯死した.CaCl2を用ひた培養液に於ける石灰抵抗性は栗<桃<夏橙<梨<柿の順に大である. (4)CaCl2を用ひたCa400ppmを含む培養液中にはCl 708ppmが附随する.この為に栗の葉にClによる被害を生じたことを確認した.夏橙及桃もClに対して抵抗性が小であることを推定出来る.(5)栗な極めて軽度の所謂石灰嫌忌性を有するものと思はれる.栗の石灰嫌忌性に就て二三考察するところがあつた。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HondaN. en-aut-sei=Honda en-aut-mei=N. kn-aut-name=本多昇 kn-aut-sei=本多 kn-aut-mei=昇 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayashiK. en-aut-sei=Hayashi en-aut-mei=K. kn-aut-name=林清史 kn-aut-sei=林 kn-aut-mei=清史 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkazakiM. en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=M. kn-aut-name=岡崎光良 kn-aut-sei=岡崎 kn-aut-mei=光良 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshiharaS. en-aut-sei=Ishihara en-aut-mei=S. kn-aut-name=石原三郎 kn-aut-sei=石原 kn-aut-mei=三郎 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=1 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=26 end-page=33 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1952 dt-pub=1952 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The Effects of Water Management at the Ripening Period on Melon(Cucumis melon L.) I kn-title=メロン熟期に於ける水分操作の効果に就て(第1報) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=(1)本実験はメロンの合理的灌水量を求めるために行つた.(2)成熟期の灌水の少量は多量に比べて全糖量及芳香の点で優れた果実を生産する.然し重量,肉の厚さ,含水量及び種子重に於て劣る.(3)灌水量の或る程度以上の減量は生理上より見て望ましくない。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MasudaTadao en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Tadao kn-aut-name=益田忠雄 kn-aut-sei=益田 kn-aut-mei=忠雄 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoderaMasashi en-aut-sei=Kodera en-aut-mei=Masashi kn-aut-name=小寺正史 kn-aut-sei=小寺 kn-aut-mei=正史 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkitaShiro en-aut-sei=Akita en-aut-mei=Shiro kn-aut-name=秋田史郎 kn-aut-sei=秋田 kn-aut-mei=史郎 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=メロン熟期 kn-keyword=メロン熟期 en-keyword=水分操作 kn-keyword=水分操作 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=1 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=33 end-page=45 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1952 dt-pub=1952 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Effect of Calcium on Chestnut. : I. On the Telerance for Calcium in Water Culture. (1) kn-title=水稻の塩害について 第3報 異なる塩分濃度に於ける幼植物体の吸水,含塩量及害徴について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=(1)水稲幼植物を用い異なる塩分濃度に於ける吸水,含塩量及害徴について調べた. (2)吸水の量及草丈の伸長は,ほぼ同様な傾向を示した.即ち0%〜0.1%区は吸水量最も多く,従つて草丈の伸長も正常であつた.1.0%〜2.0%区は水分の吸収は極めて僅かで伸長も又殆んどみられなかつた.0.3%〜0.7%区は両者の中間とみられる. (3)塩分による葉身部の害徴も上記と相似た傾向を示し,0%〜0.1%区は塩害表はれず1.0%〜2.0%区は最も甚だしく全葉枯死するに至つた. (4)各試験区の培養液中の減塩量と葉身部の含塩量はほぼ同じであつた.即実験期間中に吸收した塩分はその大半が葉の部分に集積される事がうかがわれる. (5)幼植物が塩分を吸收する状態は試験区塩分濃度の低いものに就てその割合は大きく高濃度になるに従い小さくなる.例へば0.1%区では111%で1.0%区では18.1%であつた.但し吸收した塩分の絶対量に於ては当然高濃度の大なるもの程多くなつている。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IwakiShikajuro en-aut-sei=Iwaki en-aut-mei=Shikajuro kn-aut-name=岩城鹿十郎 kn-aut-sei=岩城 kn-aut-mei=鹿十郎 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtaKatsukazu en-aut-sei=Ota en-aut-mei=Katsukazu kn-aut-name=太田勝一 kn-aut-sei=太田 kn-aut-mei=勝一 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OgoTatsuo en-aut-sei=Ogo en-aut-mei=Tatsuo kn-aut-name=小合龍夫 kn-aut-sei=小合 kn-aut-mei=龍夫 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=水稲幼植物 kn-keyword=水稲幼植物 en-keyword=塩害 kn-keyword=塩害 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=1 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=46 end-page=53 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1952 dt-pub=1952 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Genetical studies on the length of the rice-grain and the gene's effects to the panicle-length. kn-title=玄米粒長の遺傳と之に関與する遺傳子の穂長に及ぼす影響 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1.本研究は水稲,穀良都×大粒稲のF3-F5に就て,粒長及び穂長の遺伝様式を論じたものである. 2.両品種間には1遺伝子(Gr)差がある.この遺伝子は粒長及び穂長に増勢的に作用する多発性の不完全優勢遺伝子で,その両形質に対する支配価は第5表に示す如くである. 3.Grの如き収量を決定する要因となる諸形質に,多発的に作用する遺伝子の存在する事は重要な事項であつて,赤藤(194S-a, 1949, 1950)も指摘する如く,かかる遺伝子の各形質に対する作用力を明確にすることは育種学上極めて必要な事柄である。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IkedaNagamori en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Nagamori kn-aut-name=池田長守 kn-aut-sei=池田 kn-aut-mei=長守 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=2 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=7 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1953 dt-pub=1953 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=A Study on Polder Soils in Japan : I. A note on Polder Soils-Forming Process of the Halogenetic Polder Soils. kn-title=千拓地土壤に関する研究 第1報 塩成干拓地土壤の生成過程に関する一考察 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=本邦の海岸線に沿つて分布する干拓地土壌は海水に由来するアルカリ塩類及びマグネシウム塩類の影響の下に発達せる土壌であるとの見地から之を塩成土壌に類別することができる.かかる土壌の干拓後の年次の経過に件う動的変化を究明する目的で,先づ之が生成諭的研究を行い次の結果を得た. 1干拓初期の土壌は含塩量多く,且つ置換性Na及びMgの含有比率も極めて高く,含塩アルカリ土型の土壌である. 2干拓後の雨水及び灌概水の脱塩化作用によつて先づ表土の含塩量は稍々滅少するが置換性Na+Kの当量比率が12%以上を占める溶脱アルカリ土型の土壌に転化する. 3洗脱作用の高度の進行に件つて表土中よりアルカリ塩類は略々洗除され,置換性Na,K及びMgイオンの含有比率も略々正常土の夫に近似した組成を示すに至るが,他方置換性Hの含有比率は次第に増大して終には退化アルカリ土型の土壌を結果する. 4退化作用の過程を経た土壌が地盤沈下,堤防の破損其他の原因によつて再び海水の侵入を蒙る場含には茲に再生アルカリ土型の土壌を結果する。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YonedaShigeo en-aut-sei=Yoneda en-aut-mei=Shigeo kn-aut-name=米田茂男 kn-aut-sei=米田 kn-aut-mei=茂男 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawadaNoboru en-aut-sei=Kawada en-aut-mei=Noboru kn-aut-name=川田登 kn-aut-sei=川田 kn-aut-mei=登 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=千拓地 kn-keyword=千拓地 en-keyword=土壤 kn-keyword=土壤 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=2 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=8 end-page=18 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1953 dt-pub=1953 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=A Study on Polder Soils in Japan : II. On the Classification of the Halogenetic Polder Soils kn-title=干拓地土壤に関する研究 第2報 塩成干拓地土壤の分類について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=干拓後の年次の経過に伴う各層位の含塩量,反応,置換性塩基及び塩基飽和度の変化を基礎として干拓初期の未墾地を始め干拓後の年次の古い畑地,水田の各土嬢に共通した一の分類基準を定めた.尚分類の基礎理念に関してはDE' SIGNOND及び内山氏の夫に準拠した.塩成干拓地土壌を未溶脱群,溶脱群及び再生群の3種に大別し,更に之を次に示す如く8種の土壌型に細別した.未溶脱群土壌 (1)天然型塩成干拓地土壌Cl:全層位0.1%以上,pH:全層位6.5〜7.5.塩基飽和度は95%以上,置換性Na+Kの当量パーセントは12%以上,置換性Mgの含有比率は著るしく大である. (2)酸性天然型塩成干拓地土壌Cl:全暦位0.1%以上,pH:5以下の層位を伴う.塩基飽和度は著るしく小,硫化物集積す.溶脱群土壌 (3)徴溶脱塩成干拓地土壌Cl:表土0 1〜0.04%,.pH:表土6〜7,下層土7以上.置換性Na+Kの当量パーセントは12%以上,塩基飽和度は表土は稍々低下するが下層土は大,下層土の含塩量は多い. (4)弱溶脱塩成干拓地土壌Cl:表土0 04%以下,pH:表土5〜6,下層土7以上.表土の置換性Na+Kの当量パーセントは12%以下,下層土の夫は12%以上,表土の塩基飽和度は可たり低下する,下層土の含塩量は稍々多い. (5)強溶脱塩成干拓地土壌Cl:全層位0.04%以下,pH:表土4.5〜5,下層土7以下.塩基飽和度は著るしく小,置換性塩基の形態は正常土に類する.再生群土壌土壌の含塩量は多く,未溶脱群に類するが反応,置換性塩基及び塩墓飽和度は溶脱群の組成特徴を呈する土壌. (6)再生微溶脱塩成干拓地土壌Cl:全層位0.1%以上,pH:表土6〜7,下層土7以上. (7)再生弱溶脱塩成干拓地土壌Cl:全層位0.1%以上,pH:表土5〜6,下層土7以上. (8)再生強溶脱塩成干拓地土壌Cl:全層位0.1%以上,pH:表土4.5〜5,下層土7以下.本研究は農林省岡山農地事務局の地盤沈下調査及び岡山県委託研究の一部である.関係当局に謝意を表する次第である。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YonedaShigeo en-aut-sei=Yoneda en-aut-mei=Shigeo kn-aut-name=米田茂男 kn-aut-sei=米田 kn-aut-mei=茂男 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawadaNoboru en-aut-sei=Kawada en-aut-mei=Noboru kn-aut-name=川田登 kn-aut-sei=川田 kn-aut-mei=登 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=2 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=19 end-page=27 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1953 dt-pub=1953 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=On the Soil Acidity and the Exchangeable-Calcium of the Chestnut Orchard and Chestnut Wood Soils. kn-title=栗園及び栗林土壤の酸度及び置換性石灰含量について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=(1)岡山縣及他の4府県下にて栗園9地点,栗林17地点に就き栗の生育良好地12地点(内クロボク地6地点)及生育不良地14地点(内クロボク地4地点)と判定した.而てそれら地点の土壌50点に就き土壌酸度及置換性石灰含量を調査した. (2)クロボク地帯の栗生良好地にてはpH(H2O)平均4.6,同様に大工原酸度29.8,加水酸度35.3,置換性石灰0.016%,石灰飽和度2.6%である.又生育不良地にては夫々5.0,24.8, 64.0,0.014%及2.2%である.故にこの地帯にては栗の生育良好地と不良地との間に土壌酸度及置換性石灰含量に大差はない. (3)非クロボク土壌地帯にては栗生育良好地にてはpH(H2O)平均4.6,同様に大工原酸度29.0が水酸度22.7,置換性石灰0.085%,石灰飽和度29.0%である.又生育不良地にては夫々4.2,61.6,25.7,0.039及12.8%である.故に生育良好地は酸度が余り強くなく且つ置換性石灰含量は稍大である. (4)然し栗は相当石灰含量の少い処にても生育が良好である.筆者等の他の研究によれば栗は相当多量の石灰に耐へるが,又相当酸性土壌を好み土壌反応が中性に近いことを忌む. (5)従つて栗は"挾義の"或は"所謂"石灰嫌忌植物ではない。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HondaNoboru en-aut-sei=Honda en-aut-mei=Noboru kn-aut-name=本多昇 kn-aut-sei=本多 kn-aut-mei=昇 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=2 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=28 end-page=37 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1953 dt-pub=1953 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Salt Injury on the Crop Plants : （5）The influences of NaCl solutions upon the germination in wheat kn-title=作物の塩害に関する研究 第5報 小麦種子に於ける塩類と発芽生理との関係 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=(1)小麦品種農林52号を用ひ,その発芽及び発芽直後の生育に及ぼす塩類の影響を調査した.(2)発芽率,発芽吸水率は,濃度の増大と共に,ほぼ直線的減少をたどり,塩と等張な糖液についても,大略同様な結果を示した.然し比較的高濃度では,その後の生育に於て,塩に比し,糖は僅に良好な結果を認めた.(3)海水利用は,食塩単用に比し,幼根の伸長は良好である.(4)Indigocarmine染色法に依ると,塩の比較的高濃度に於ては,活力の減退が著しかつた.(5)体内酵素活力,例へばAmylase,Peroxydaseも亦た,塩の濃度の増大と共に,直線的減少をたどつた.低濃度の塩溶液が,酵素の賦活作用をなす事については,本実験では特に認められなかつた。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OtaKatuiti en-aut-sei=Ota en-aut-mei=Katuiti kn-aut-name=太田勝一 kn-aut-sei=太田 kn-aut-mei=勝一 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OgoTatuo en-aut-sei=Ogo en-aut-mei=Tatuo kn-aut-name=小合龍夫 kn-aut-sei=小合 kn-aut-mei=龍夫 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OmoriNobuaki en-aut-sei=Omori en-aut-mei=Nobuaki kn-aut-name=大森信章 kn-aut-sei=大森 kn-aut-mei=信章 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=2 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=38 end-page=43 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1953 dt-pub=1953 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on cultivation of the Melon（Cumis Melo L.） : II. On the development of fruits kn-title=メロンの栽培に関する研究 II.果実の発育について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1)本実験はメロン果実の肥大状況を調査した. 2)果実の肥大,果重の増加,果肉の厚さの増加は開花後約30日間に最も著しく,30日頃には収穫時の果実に略々近くなつた.3)果実の還元糖は発育期間中大差が無いが,非還元糖は開花後約30日たつて生じ,収穫時迄急激に増加した。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MasudaTadao en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Tadao kn-aut-name=益田忠雄 kn-aut-sei=益田 kn-aut-mei=忠雄 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoderaMasashi en-aut-sei=Kodera en-aut-mei=Masashi kn-aut-name=小寺正史 kn-aut-sei=小寺 kn-aut-mei=正史 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=メロン kn-keyword=メロン en-keyword=肥大状況 kn-keyword=肥大状況 en-keyword=還元糖 kn-keyword=還元糖 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=2 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=44 end-page=56 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1953 dt-pub=1953 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Notes on the two Iris-mining Dizygomyza from Japan, with description of a new species. （Diptera, Agromyzidae). : Taxonomy and bionomics of Dipterous pests for farm and garden in Japan. II kn-title=Iris類のモグリバエ2種について 双翅目農園芸害虫の分類及び生活史の研究 第2報 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=わが国でIris類の葉に潜葉加害するモグリバエに関しては,さきに駒村氏(1933)がアヤメノハモグリバイAnthomyia sp.として簡単に形態及び習性を記し，松岡氏(1952)がこれを引用しているのが見られるが，其後これらに関して検討したものを見ない.筆者は昭和24年,山形県米沢市において同市内各所のIris類が2種のモグリバェ科(Agromyzidae)のものによつて潜葉加害されているのを観察し,これ等を調査したところ,その葉尖部に潜葉するものは本邦未記録のDizyomyza iraeos R.D.であり,他の根際部に潜葉するものは同じく Dizygomyza属の新しい種類であることが分つた.本報にはこれら2種の形態の記載及び加害習性の概要を報ずる.御指導並びに本文の閲読を賜つた春川忠吉教授及び寄生蜂類同定の労をとられた九州大学安松京三博士に厚く御礼申し述べる。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KoizumiKenji en-aut-sei=Koizumi en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=小泉憲治 kn-aut-sei=小泉 kn-aut-mei=憲治 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=2 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=57 end-page=91 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1953 dt-pub=1953 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=On the nursery effect of oil-paper and vinyl-cloth covering on the paddy rice seedling : I. On some physical qualities of oil-paper and vinyl-cloth for nursery use. II. The influence of quality of oil-paper and vinyl-cloth covering nursery bed on the growth of paddy rice seedling. kn-title=保温紙及びビニール布の育苗効果に関する研究 I.保温紙の物理的性質に関する研究(第1報) II.保温紙の品質が苗の成育に及ぼす影響について(第2報) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1.本試験は第1報に記載した水稻育苗促進に用いられる被覆用紙の物理的性質が発芽並に苗の素質に及ぼす影響に就いて調査したものである. 2.本実験に用いた保温紙は第1報所載のものと同一で,水稻品種は旭4号である. 3.調査は気温,水温,地温,草丈,葉数,根長,根数,葉色,生体重,風乾重及成苗歩合等に就いて比較した. 4.地温上昇並に保持効果は保温紙の物理的性質の差異に応じて現れ苗の生育に差異を生したが,塩化ヒニール布では時に生育に不適当な高温になつたこともあつた. 5.低温時には保温の効果が草丈の伸長に現はれ,高温時には根部の発達にも役立つた. 6.保温は苗の重量増加を増し乾物率は低温時より高温時の方が高い. 7.低温時の保温苗は裸地苗より軟弱となるが高温時は裸地苗よりも強剛となる. 8.塩化ビニール布は発芽歩合を高め,最も良苗を得たが,通気に考慮を払ひ被覆期間は長期に亘らぬことが大切である. 9.ビニール塗紙は保温性を欠き,苗の生育は梢遅れるが,除紙後の生育は良好である.但し紙質が不良であるから取扱ひに注意を要する. 10.メラミン樹脂加工紙は保温育苗の効果が低く,紙質も不良,苗の生育もよくないから一考を要する. 11.油紙類は発芽歩合が梢劣るが,保温性に富み苗の素質も良好である.併し,中には不良なものもあるからその選択には注意を要する。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShimoyamaTeiji en-aut-sei=Shimoyama en-aut-mei=Teiji kn-aut-name=志茂山貞二 kn-aut-sei=志茂山 kn-aut-mei=貞二 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakamiyaMinoru en-aut-sei=Takamiya en-aut-mei=Minoru kn-aut-name=高宮実 kn-aut-sei=高宮 kn-aut-mei=実 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=2 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=92 end-page=106 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1953 dt-pub=1953 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Spectrochemical studies of woods and trees. : (III.) On the qualitative analysis of the chemical elements in woods and trees by the emission spectroscopy. kn-title=木材並びに樹木の分光化学的研究 (第三報)発光スペクトルによる,木材並びに樹木中の化学元素の定性分析について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In the present paper the　results of the qualitative spectroscopic studies on the microchemical elements in raw woods, green trees and the forest soils using alternating current spark are reported. 1.) Spectrums of raw wood samples and various parts of a green tree were lighter than those of their ash. But the qualitative determination of 12 elements (Fe, B, Si, P, Mg, Mn, Al, Ca, Cu, Na, Ti, and K.) was possible. 2.) According to the results of the qualitative spectroscopic analysis of raw woods, there were rather little difference in the kinds and contents of inorganic chemical elements, which is due to the folllowing factors: a.) species. b.) specific gravity. c.) spring and summer woods. d.) heart and sap woods. e.) normal and compression woods. 3.) In the samples of green trees, the results of the qualitative spectroscopic analysis showed little differerence among the several parts of a tree. But the quantitive difference of following five elemnts was found, Si, Mn, Mg, Ca, and P: the leaf and bark were richer in these elements than in the other parts of a tree. 4.) The contents of inorganic elements of forest soils were found different according to the conditions of the collecting spots. It seems that the contents of inorganic elements in leaves of trees are intimately connected with those of the forest soils. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KuroyanagiShigeru en-aut-sei=Kuroyanagi en-aut-mei=Shigeru kn-aut-name=畔柳鎮 kn-aut-sei=畔柳 kn-aut-mei=鎮 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=3 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=7 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1953 dt-pub=1953 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The lambs tail wool in relation to wool type in the Corriedale sheep : 1. The wool fineness of the lamb's tail in relation to the wool fineness of the other body regions kn-title=コリデール種仔緬羊に於ける尾毛と羊毛タイプとの関係に就て 第1報 尾毛の繊度と他部位の羊毛繊度との関係に就て en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A study has been carried out, measuring the degree of the fibre fineness and its variability of the shoulder, thigh and tail wool, and analysing the correlations of the degree of the fiber fineness and its variability between the tail and shoulder and thigh wool in lamb's docking time of the Corriedale sheep, with the object of determining whether the degree of the fibre fineness and its variability over the fleece of the adult sheep can be predicted and so whether the sheep uniform in the degree of the fibre fineness over the fleece can be selected, by discrimirating macrcscopically the degree of the fiber finenes and its variability of the tail wool in the early age of lamb. A total of 12 Corriedale lambs was used in this study. A few staples on the threes body regions were cut from each lamb on the day of docking, and the wool samples to be examined were taken from these staples. The samples were washed by immersing them in bath of ether, and were then mounted with balsam, and microscopically examined. The diameters of the wool fibres were subsepuently measured with an ocular, micrometer and then the coefficients of variation of the degree of the fibre fineness were calculated. The results obtained are as follows; 1. In general, the mean diameter of the tail wool was greater than those of the shoulder and thigh wool in such early age as in dccking time of the Corriedale lamb. 2. In the early age of lamb, relatively high positive correlations of the degree of fibre finenss between the tail and shoulder and thigh wool were found and thus, it can be said that more the mean diameter of the tall wool greater, the more those of the shoulder and thigh wool greater. 3. Positive correlations of the variability of the degree of the fibre fineness were found between the tail and the shoulder and thigh wool, and especially between the tail and thigh wool, a high correlation of the variability of the degree of the fiber fineness was found. So it may be concluded that generally the more the variability of the degree of the fibre fineness of the tail wool greater, the more those of the shoulder and thigh wool greater, especially the variability of the degree of the fibre fineness of the thigh wool greater. 4. It seems that the degree of the fiber fineness and its variability of the adult fleece can be predicted, and a selection of the sheep uniform in the degree of the fibre fineness over the fleece can be made by discriminating macroscopically the degree of the fibre fineness and its variability in the early age of lamb of the corriedale sheep. The auther is grateful to the Tsuyama livestock farm of the Okayanma prefecture, for their help and for providing all the wool samples tested. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SugaiKazuo en-aut-sei=Sugai en-aut-mei=Kazuo kn-aut-name=菅井一男 kn-aut-sei=菅井 kn-aut-mei=一男 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=3 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=8 end-page=21 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1953 dt-pub=1953 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Root development of Chestnut trees in relation to edaphic conditions （III). : Observations made in Hirusen district （Ando-soil Zone), Okayama Prefecture. kn-title=地床状態が栗の根群の発達に及ぼす影響(第III報) 岡山県蒜山地方(クロボク地帯)に於ける調査成績 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=(1)蒜山地方は岡山県真庭郡八束,川上両村(総面積14,400町歩)を指すものであつて,ここは北に大山火山の支脈である蒜山山群(高度1000米)と南に旧中国背稜山脈である連山(高度800〜1000米)と,それらに囲まれた蒜山盆地から成りクロボクで被はれている地帯である. (2)筆者等は本地方を地質学及び地形学上から考察して次の4つの小地形区に区分したA.南部山麓地形区;-黒雲母花崗岩及び石英斑岩等に由来する崩積性土層が形成され易い.B.苗代-下部蒜山原(450-530米)地形区;-大山の崩壊による円礫士層又は砂質土の盤層が比較的薄い火山灰土層の下にある爲に材木の生育に大きく影響する. C.上部蒜山原地形区;-この地形区は幼年期地貌を示す蒜山山腹(530〜700米)で上記洪積土層の存在を認め難い. D.東茅部地形区;-旭川南岸の河岸段丘の一部をなし湿地が多い. (3)上の4地形区につき地質,母岩及び地形等に由来する土壌形態の特徴を研究し,その内3つの地形区にて梢代表的と思はれる地点で土壌形態と柴栗の根群の発達との関係について観察した. (4)調査地点蜂ケ巣山の崖錐地(A地形区)では多量の岩屑がクロボクと混じている崩積土層の為か或は地下流水の為か根群の発達は意外に浅いがその生育は可成り良好である.大森 (B点,D地形区)では排水性適度な沖積性土層が存在する爲栗の根群の発達は調査樹中最も深く又近くには極めて老令で且つ生育が旺盛な栗がある.然し同地形区内のC点では停帯水の為に栗の根の発達が浅い.西ノ平の丘上(D点,B地形区)では深さ100糎の透水速度(500cc.の水力が滲透するに要する時間)さへも1分20秒であつて過乾地であり而も浅根である為に栗が梢端から枯れ込む.之に反し正富の丘腹(F点,B地形区)では透水性過度芯火山灰土層の下にある極めて不透水性(100cc.の水が滲透するのに1時間を要する｡)の砂質土の盤層があつてこの地帯は柴栗の自生少く且つ概ね生育不良であることが一般に認められている. (5)クロボク地帯に於ても筆者等の提案する直根型が栗の根群の垂直的発達についての簡明な一指標であると思はれる. (6)栗の根はクロボク土層(A層)の下にある火山灰性ローム(B層)中に発達することが少い傾向が見られ,又栗ノ木坂(E点,B地形区)にてはコナラに反し栗の根は石礫土層中を貫通することが出来ない事が観察された. (7)同一地形区内にても微細地形の差により土壌型に著しい差のあることを指摘した.故に本地方に於ける栗栽培の各種の方式は地床状態と栗がそれに反応する様相を確認することを基礎として決定さるべきである。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HondaNoboru en-aut-sei=Honda en-aut-mei=Noboru kn-aut-name=本多昇 kn-aut-sei=本多 kn-aut-mei=昇 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkazakiMitsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Mitsuyoshi kn-aut-name=岡崎光良 kn-aut-sei=岡崎 kn-aut-mei=光良 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=3 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=22 end-page=30 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1953 dt-pub=1953 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Physiological and Chemical Studies on the Growth of Crops grew on the Polder Soils : I. Effects of the Fertilization to Rice Plants grew on the Halogentic Polder Soils kn-title=干拓地に於ける作物の生理化学的研究 第1報 塩成干拓地の水稻に対する施肥の効果に就いて en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=干拓年次の新しい児島湾干拓地圃場に於て,窒素肥料の種類,施肥量及び施肥法をかえて水稻栽培を行い,収穫物中二三の要素分析を行つた.得られた結果は次の如きものであつた. 1.土壌中に於ける塩素含有量は表土に於て約0.12%で,それに伴つて水稻体内に於ける含有率は極めて高く,茎葉中に於ては1%内外を示したが,生育には特別の支障は認められなかつた. 2.窒素施用による肥効は明らかに認められ,又収量,体内窒素含有率共に施用窒素量に比例して増加する傾向を示した. 3.慣行施肥区と分施区,及び硫安区と尿素区との間に優劣は認められなかつた. 4.穀実中と茎葉中に於ける窒素含有率の比が標準区に比して小なる事実より,体内に含有された高濃度塩分によつてその移行が妨げられたのではなからうかと推論した. 5.茎葉中及び穀実中に於ける全燐酸を分析した結果,特別の差異は認められなかつた. 6.以上の結果より干拓初期の塩成干拓地土壌に於ては水稲栽培に多重の窒素肥料を必要とすることを認めた。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShimoseNoboru en-aut-sei=Shimose en-aut-mei=Noboru kn-aut-name=下P昇 kn-aut-sei=下P kn-aut-mei=昇 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkemuneKatsusaburo en-aut-sei=Ikemune en-aut-mei=Katsusaburo kn-aut-name=池宗勝三郎 kn-aut-sei=池宗 kn-aut-mei=勝三郎 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=3 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=31 end-page=45 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1953 dt-pub=1953 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Damages to rice plant in the stages before and after heading caused by a severe wind or storm. kn-title=水稲の出穂期前後に於ける風雨害に就て(第1報) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=筆者等は水稲の出穂6日前,出穂始,開花期,開花後5日及び開花後10日の5時期に風害及び風雨害を与へて之が水稲の生育特に子実の発育に及ぼす影響を調査し,次の結果を得た. (1)実験は風速15〜17m/secの人口風洞内に於て行はれ,雨風処理の場合には更に80mm/hの雨量に相当する撒水を行つた. (2)処理開始直後株附近の気温は外気温より1.0〜1.2℃降下したがその後は余り変化しなかつた. (3)処理に依つて株はすべて倒伏し,葉先は細裂し,穂は擦傷を蒙つた.穂の擦傷部は1〜2日後褐変し,著しいものは黒褐色乃至灰白色に変じた. (4)黄色乃至黄褐色の籾には完全粒が高かつたが,黄褐色乃至褐色の籾は不完全粒となり褐色乃至黒褐色或は灰白色の籾はすべて粃であつた. (5)籾の擦傷は開花期に近いものほど大きく変色の程度も著しかつたが,雨を伴えばその被害は著しく軽減された. (6)穂重は処理時期別の差が顕著でなかつたが,開花期のものは明らかに軽かつた. (7)穂上粒着位置別に調査した結果に於ては不完全粒歩合は処理期の遅いものほど高く粃歩合は開花期処理のものが最高であつた.尚降雨は被害軽減に効果があつた. (8)開花期別の粒の調査によれば開花当日処理のものは被害が最大で5日以内のものも被害が大きかつた。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShimoyamaTeiji en-aut-sei=Shimoyama en-aut-mei=Teiji kn-aut-name=志茂山貞二 kn-aut-sei=志茂山 kn-aut-mei=貞二 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OgoTatsuo en-aut-sei=Ogo en-aut-mei=Tatsuo kn-aut-name=小合龍夫 kn-aut-sei=小合 kn-aut-mei=龍夫 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SasaiKazuo en-aut-sei=Sasai en-aut-mei=Kazuo kn-aut-name=笹井一男 kn-aut-sei=笹井 kn-aut-mei=一男 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=3 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=52 end-page=61 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1953 dt-pub=1953 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=A Study on Salpeter and Soda Produced in Saline and Alkali Soils in Northern Honan, China. kn-title=河南省アルカリ地帯に産する硝石及び曹達について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=河南省開封を中心として硝石の製造が,又旧黄河河床に沿うアルカリ地帯に於ては曹達の製造が広く行はれている.著者は硝石及び曹達の生成過程と関連して原料土,浸出液及び製品の分析を行い,次の結果を得た. 1 硝石の製造には主として都市,村落附近の含窒素有機物に富む表土を掻き集めたものを原料土に用い,曹達の製造には地中及び地下水中より毛管力によつて地表に集積された塩皮殻を採取して原料に供試している. 2 製硝原土は全窒素として0.5〜0.6%,硝酸態窒素として0.3〜0.4%を含有し,アンモニア態窒素は僅少にすぎない.全固形物量は約8%に達する. 3 製硝原液は約1.5%の硝酸態窒素駈含有し,全固形物量も28%を示し,硝酸塩の外塩化物・硫酸塩の多量を含有している. 4 硝石の組成産みるに粗硝石はKNO3として77%で可なりの不純物を含有しているが,精製硝石はKNO3として92〜95%を含有し,製品の純度は可なり高い. 5 曹達原料土の採取地の土壌を層位別に比較するに表土程アルカリ性が強く,且つ多量の可溶性炭酸塩を含有している. 6 曹達製造原料土の全固形物量は約8.5%,炭酸(CO3)として約0.8%にして,此外塩化物及び硫酸塩の多量を含有し,pH価10.1を示している。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YonedaShigeo en-aut-sei=Yoneda en-aut-mei=Shigeo kn-aut-name=米田茂男 kn-aut-sei=米田 kn-aut-mei=茂男 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=4 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=6 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1954 dt-pub=1954 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the salt injury on the crops (VII) : Relation between the metallic elements metabolism of wheat and the salt injury. kn-title=作物の塩害に関する研究(VII) 第7報 小麦の塩害と金属代謝 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=小麦の塩害と金属代謝との関係について実験を行い次の結果を得た.尚分析は発光分光分析に従い,その地上部のFe,B,Si,P,Mn,Mg,Ca,Cu,Na,K等の含量を求め,特にNaに於ては葉位別,茎の節位別及び穂の各部に於ける含量を測定し,その分布を観察した. 1)NaClの添加と共に,地上部Na量は著しく増大し,Kは僅かに増大し,他の元素はすべて減少の傾向が見られた. 2)作物体内のNa含量の分布は茎に最も多く,葉は之に次ぎ,穂は最も少かつた.然して茎の節位別の分布には差が認められなかつたが,葉では中位葉が上位葉,下位葉に比し僅かに少かつた. 3)本実験結果から推察すると,所謂塩害なる事実は全塩類の高濃度に於ける複合的作用と,之に起因する二次,三次的の影響が綜括せられたものであろう。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OtaKatsuichi en-aut-sei=Ota en-aut-mei=Katsuichi kn-aut-name=太田勝一 kn-aut-sei=太田 kn-aut-mei=勝一 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OgoTatsuo en-aut-sei=Ogo en-aut-mei=Tatsuo kn-aut-name=小合龍夫 kn-aut-sei=小合 kn-aut-mei=龍夫 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SasaiKazuo en-aut-sei=Sasai en-aut-mei=Kazuo kn-aut-name=笹井一男 kn-aut-sei=笹井 kn-aut-mei=一男 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岐阜大学農学部作物学研究室 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=4 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=7 end-page=11 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1954 dt-pub=1954 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The lamb's tail wool in relation to wool type in the Corriedale sheep. : (2) On the wool fineness of the lamb's tail. kn-title=コリデール種仔緬羊における尾毛と羊毛タイプとの関係について 第2報 仔緬羊の尾毛織度について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This study has been carried out to measure the degree of the wool fineness and its coefficient of variation on the tail and to investigate the correlation between the former and the latter on the docked tails of 50 Corriedale sheep lambs born in the spring of 1953. Samples which may be considered as offering the materials for predicting the wool fineness and its variation on the whole fleece of adult sheep, were collected from various districts of Okayama Prefecture. The comparison of the classifications of the wool fineness and its variation by the measured values with those made by observations with naked eyes was made; and these classifications were compared to see if they would agree with each other. The results obtained were as follows; 1. The difference in the value of the wool fineness in different individuals being great, varied from 20 to 32 μ, and the lambs which showed the mean value of the wool fineness from 23 to 25 μ, were most numerous, its number being 46 percent of the total lamb number tested. 2. The difference in the value of the coefficient of variation of the wool fineness in different individuals being also great, varied from 11 to 29 percent, and the lambs which showed the mean value of the coefficient of variation from 12 to 17 percent were most numerous, its number being 80 percent of the total lamb number examined. 3. No high positive correlation was found between the wool fineness and its coefficient of variation, but a positive low correlation was found. 4. When the classifications of the wool fineness and its variation on the tail made in accordance to the measured values were compared with those by naked eyes, it was found that the classifications almost agreed in regard to the wool fineness, but they differed considerably in regard to its variation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SugaiKazuo en-aut-sei=Sugai en-aut-mei=Kazuo kn-aut-name=菅井一男 kn-aut-sei=菅井 kn-aut-mei=一男 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=4 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=12 end-page=22 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1954 dt-pub=1954 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Effect of day length on growth and flowering of gladiolus. : 2. Effect of day length of 10 and 11 hours in summer. kn-title=日照時間の長短がGladiolusの成育､開花に及ぼす影響 (第2報) 夏に於ける10及び11時間日照時の影響 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1)グラジオラスの開花が日照時間を冬の最少日照時間と同じ即ち10〜11時間に制限した場合如何なる影響を受けるかについて試験をした.供試品種はヘクター,ストップライト,ラジアンスの3品種で,これらを使つて標準区と比較した. 2)10及び11日照時間区は標準区に比し,何れも幾分開花期が早くなるが,ブラインドの現われる率も高くなる. 3)10及び11日照時間区の草丈,葉数及び着花数は標準区より幾分減少するが,その差は僅かである. 4)グラジオラスの開花に必要な日照時間は夏季に於て9時間では不足で,少くとも10〜11時間を必要とする.但し,これは品種に依て差があるようである. 5)以上の結果から推して,グラジオラスの冬季開花には温度の他,日照時間以外の要素例えば日照の強さ,日射量などが関係しているように思われる.何故ならば,グラジオラスは日照時間の短い冬にはたとえ温度を高めてもブラインドの発生が極めて多いからである。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YasudaIsao en-aut-sei=Yasuda en-aut-mei=Isao kn-aut-name=安田勳 kn-aut-sei=安田 kn-aut-mei=勳 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YokoyamaJiro en-aut-sei=Yokoyama en-aut-mei=Jiro kn-aut-name=横山二郎 kn-aut-sei=横山 kn-aut-mei=二郎 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=4 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=23 end-page=31 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1954 dt-pub=1954 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on Gas-storage of Kaki Fruits (Diospyros Kaki Linn. f.) kn-title=富有柿のガス貯蔵に関する研究(第1報) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1)1952年11月1日に富有柿を12.8l容真空デシケーターに5.8kgつめた(III区A)果実の呼吸作用によつて12月1日に88.3%の炭酸ガスが容器内に集積したので12月6日サッカーにて容器内の炭酸ガスを半減して大気を導入し43.6%の炭酸ガス濃度とした(第1表参照)同様にI区及びII区は11月13日に容器内の炭酸ガス濃度を同様な方法にて20又は30%に下げ酸素を含まない空気を器内に導入した.又11月21日に再び容器内の炭酸ガス濃度を低下させたが,此の場合は大気を容器内に導入した. 2)12月15日開封直後における硬度(10mm検定針)はI区5.7 II区8.5及び III区9.2で,室内に10日間放置後の硬度はI区は2.4となつたがII区及びIII区は貯蔵前の硬度(8.5)と余り差はなかつた. 3)異なつた果樹園で生産された柿を8斗入貯米缶(54.5×59.0cm)に詰め,取出口(21.0×6.0cm及び10.5×3.5cm)を紙で張つて密封したが炭酸ガス濃度が35%又はそれ以下であつたので貯蔵に失敗した.果実の呼吸作用によつて集積される炭酸ガス濃度は約40%以上であり又70〜80%を越えない様にすれば貯蔵に成功するものと思はれる.又容器内のガス組成を変化せしめることは有害であるがこれは果実の呼吸作用に異常を与える為と思はれる. 4)開封後の果実の色相及糖度は貯蔵前と差がなかつた.適当に貯蔵された柿は酪酸の如き揮発性物質の臭気により風味を害せられることがない.開封後の果実の果皮直下(約1cm厚さ)の硬度はそれより内部の硬度よりも大で,大気中に室温に置いていても日持ちが良い. 5)唯一の貯蔵障害である頂部褐変現象(直径約2.0〜3.0cm深さ約1.0cmの円形褐色)は貯蔵開始後2〜4週間の間に現はれる.頂部褐変果発生率は所謂"遅延貯蔵"により僅に8%に低下した.頂部褐変果の市場価値は正常果のそれに比して僅かに低い程度である. 6)異つた果樹園で生産された柿の貯蔵力は非常な差が見られた.果実の呼吸作用に関連しての燐酸の重要性について若干の考察を加えた。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkazakiMitsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Mitsuyoshi kn-aut-name=岡崎光良 kn-aut-sei=岡崎 kn-aut-mei=光良 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YasuiKoichi en-aut-sei=Yasui en-aut-mei=Koichi kn-aut-name=安井公一 kn-aut-sei=安井 kn-aut-mei=公一 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=4 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=32 end-page=42 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1954 dt-pub=1954 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Experimental inactivation of bull semen hyaluronidase and preservation of its activity. kn-title=牡牛精液ヒヤルロニダーゼの実驗的不活性化及びその阻止 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=(1)牡牛精液のH-ase不活性化並にその阻止に対する実験を行い,酵素作用は粘度法によつて測つた. (2)蒸溜水で稀釈した場合,撹拌,通気,磨砕により精液中のH-aseは極く短時間に不活性化される.また振盪によりても緩除ながら不活性化される.これはH-ase活性基中の易酸化原子団の酸化によるものであろう. (3)卵黄"グルコチトラート"で稀釈して場合は上記処理により不活性化しない.これは卵黄の効果によるものである. (4)ゼラチンヒドロゾル1%,発情牛膣粘液,澱粉糊液(1%)もH-aseの活性保護の効果がある.卵黄やこれらの物質は保護膠質となり,酵素の酸化を防ぐものと思はれる. (5)過酸化水素水(32%)の酵素破壊作用は大であるが,ハイドロキノン水溶液(5%)は撹拌に対しH-ase安定剤としての効果は認められなかつた.ヒテルロン醗精製の御好意を賜つた東大医学部薬学科相沢登氏,精液を供与された岡山県岡山種畜場辛島場長並に技官岡秀氏さらに当教室の湯原正隆,田辺昭両君の御助力に深謝する。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WadaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=和田宏 kn-aut-sei=和田 kn-aut-mei=宏 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=4 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=43 end-page=49 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1954 dt-pub=1954 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies of Mint Breeding II : Karyological Consideration on the Phylogeny of the Genus Mentha L. kn-title=薄荷の育種学的研究 第2報 核学的考察に拠る薄荷属の系統学的研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=本研究に於いて,筆者等は薄荷属の11変種を含む6種の染色体数を決定し,既報の日本薄荷を加え,是等7種について系統学的考察を行つた. 1.筆者等は薄荷属植物の基本染色体数を12と考える.而して上記7種間の染色体数には明瞭な倍数関係が認められる. 2.是等の7種の中で染色体数の最も少いrotundifoliaが本属のprototype又は之につながるものと考えられる. 3.染色体数の倍数関係は,種内の変種,系統の間にも見られる(第1表,gentilis, spicta). 4.体細胞染色体数36(triploid)及び72(hexaploid)の種或は変種は,すべて完全不稔であり,他の染色体数を有するものは部分不稔である.その原因の解明は今後の研究に待ちたい. 5.精油が広く利用せられる日本薄荷と西洋薄荷とは,属の中で最高次の倍数性を示す.尚,諸研究者は種及び変種の染色体数に関して,可なり異なる数を報告している(第1表).これは(1).種の中に倍数的変異が存在し,それぞれの研究者の観察がその一部のみにとどまる場合,(2)種又は変種の染色体数に異数的変異が存在する場合,(3).種又は変種の鑑定の誤り,(4).染色体数の誤読等が原図と考えられる。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IkedaNagamori en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Nagamori kn-aut-name=池田長守 kn-aut-sei=池田 kn-aut-mei=長守 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=UdoSeiroku en-aut-sei=Udo en-aut-mei=Seiroku kn-aut-name=宇渡清六 kn-aut-sei=宇渡 kn-aut-mei=清六 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=4 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=50 end-page=57 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1954 dt-pub=1954 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Spectrochemical studies of woods and trees. : (V) On the quantitative spectrographic analysis of wood, tree and soil samples by the internal standard method. kn-title=木材並びに樹木の分光化学的研究 (第V報) 内標準法による,木材,樹木並びに土壤試料の分光定量分析について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The concentration of the element in a sample may be measured by the determination of the spectral line intensity of the element, because the line intensity of the element is affected by the concentration of the element in the sample. The actual determination of line intensity can be made by a visual comparison or an electrical measurement of the persistent line of the unknown sample by means of a series of photographs of the persistent lines of the known concentrations of the element. To accomplish this determination, it is usual to use an internal standard line. In this study, Sn and C lines have been used as control or internal standard for quantitative analysis of the samples of woods, trees and soils to be examined. It seems that if the powdered samples are changed to solutions, C lines may better be used as the internal standard lines than Sn lines; still, it is necessary to improve the accuracy of the method taking the following factors into consideration: (1). The preparation of standard and unkown samples. (2). The loss of the samples from the spark. (3). The penetration of solution into the carbon electrode. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KuroyanagiShigeru en-aut-sei=Kuroyanagi en-aut-mei=Shigeru kn-aut-name=畔柳鎮 kn-aut-sei=畔柳 kn-aut-mei=鎮 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=5 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=9 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1954 dt-pub=1954 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies of Mint Breeding III : Induced Polyploid of Japanese Mint (Mentha arvensis L. var. piperascens MAL.) by the colchicine method. kn-title=薄荷の育種学的研究 第3報 日本薄荷の人為倍数体 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1.日本薄荷｢赤茎｣の幼苗の生長点をコルヒチン処理して人為倍数体植物を育成した.その処理個体の自殖による第2代植物3個体について形態並びに生理的形質の調査と核学的観察を試み,母本,日本薄荷のそれと比較した. 2.育成倍数体は細胞,組織,器官において巨大性を示したが,生育が遅れ,開花初は9月末乃至10月初で,母本,日本薄荷より約1ヶ月遅れた｡3.母本,日本薄荷は 2n=96,MIで48IIを示し,成熟分裂は正常,4分子の形成にも異常はなかつた.育成倍数体は2n=192,n=96でMIには2価染色体の他に8〜14個の4価染色体が認められ,そのmodeは10であつた.併し核分裂に異常なく,正常な4分子を形成した. 4.成熟分裂及び4分子形成が正常であるにかかわらず,完全に発育した葯中の稔性花粉の割合は,母本,育成倍数体共に50〜60%で大差なかつた.併し完全葯の出現頻度は,倍数体では母本に比べて非常に少かつた.受精率も母本に比べて低かつた. 5.育成倍数体の種子の発芽率は,母本,日本薄荷のそれと大差なかつたが,発芽には約3倍の日数を要した. 6.薄荷属は12を基本染色体数とする.日本薄荷は8倍体,而も種々の点から異質8倍体と推定する理由がある.従つて筆者等の育成した倍数体薄荷は16倍体と考えられる. 7.育成倍数体茎葉の精油含有率及び精油中の遊離メントール含有率は,これを直ちに利用出来る程の高い価を示さなかつた.併し此の方法による育種の可能性は十分に認められた。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IkedaNagamori en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Nagamori kn-aut-name=池田長守 kn-aut-sei=池田 kn-aut-mei=長守 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonishiTakeo en-aut-sei=Konishi en-aut-mei=Takeo kn-aut-name=小西猛朗 kn-aut-sei=小西 kn-aut-mei=猛朗 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=5 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=10 end-page=19 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1954 dt-pub=1954 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on hydrogen-ion concentration and buffer action of leaf-juices from fruit trees including the chestnut kn-title=栗その他果樹葉汁の水素イオン濃度及び緩衝能に就て en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1,栗を含む14種果樹の葉汁のPH及び緩衝能を測定し植物生理上二三の考察を行つた. 2, initial PHが5.2〜6.2の間にあつて最も普通の酸度を示すもの8種, PH6.54〜7.13のものは菓子胡桃,ペカン,無花果の3種,PH3.21〜3.69のものは欧州葡萄,間生葡萄,梅の3種である. 3,果樹は作物に比し緩衝能が極めて大である.PH4.6〜4.8とPH6.4〜6.6に於けるBuffer-indexと反応抵抗性との相関は認められない. 4, initial PHを中心として酸性側に於て日本栗が14種果樹中最も緩衝力が弱いが initial PHから0.2PH単位の巾の酸性側の Buffer-index(A)に対するアルカリ性側の同様なBuffer-index(B)の比較(B/A×100)は最も大である. 5,14種の果樹を Buffer-index curveにより酸性側の緩衝能の最も強い第Iグループ(L型カーブ)に属する夏橙,温州及び梅,第IIグループ(ほぼL型カーブ)に属する欧州葡萄,枇杷,桃,無花果,間生種萄葡及びオリーブと酸側緩衝能は最も弱いがアルカリ側の緩衝能が大で-U型カーブを示す第IIIグループに属する果樹即ちペカン,菓子胡桃,日本栗,柿,支那栗とに大別出来る. 6,日本栗と支那栗,間生種葡萄と欧州葡萄,温州と夏橙に於ける如くPH3.5〜4.0と3.0〜3.5に於けるカーブの型により各種間に大差が見られる. 7,アルカリ側に於ても日本栗と支那栗の Buffer-indexに大差がある.又日本栗がPH7.0〜7.5にて14種果樹中最大の緩衝能をもち,且つPH6.83及び7.46に於てTitration curve上特異な変曲点をもつ.8,以上の諸事実は種によるメタボリズムの特性を示唆するものである。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HondaNoboru en-aut-sei=Honda en-aut-mei=Noboru kn-aut-name=本多昇 kn-aut-sei=本多 kn-aut-mei=昇 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkazakiMitsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Mitsuyoshi kn-aut-name=岡崎光良 kn-aut-sei=岡崎 kn-aut-mei=光良 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=5 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=20 end-page=32 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1954 dt-pub=1954 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on wind or storm damages to rice plant in the stages before and after heading. : I On the influences of the wind intensity and precipitation on the development of the kernels. II Relation between the water uptake and wind damages. kn-title=水稻の出穂期前後に於ける風雨害に就て I 稔実に及ぼす風速,雨量の影響(第2報) II 風害後の吸水量に及ぼす影響(第3報) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=筆者等は水稲朝日に就て,風速別(8.81〜15.5m/sec)並に雨量別(3.9〜108.5mm/h)に風害処理を行い,之が水稲の生育特に子実の発育に及ぼす影響を調査し,次の結果を得た. (1)実験は人工風洞内で行われ,処理温度及湿度は風処理の場合は平均24℃,55%,風雨処理の場合は平均23℃,95%で外気より気温は3〜4℃低く,湿度は風処理で25〜28%減少した. (2)葉の裂傷は全葉長の約30%に及び,内約7.8%は切断した.但し風雨処理区は風のみの場合より軽微であつた. (3)籾の変色は開花当日処理のものに最大で,その前後日を経るに従つて減少した. (4)稔実歩合は風力の大となるに従つて低下し,雨は之を軽減した.稔実障害の最も顕著な時期は,風処理にあつては開花後6日を中心とし,10日以内のものに現われ,之に次いで穂孕期のものも大きく,開花当日のものは比較的軽微であつた.尚風雨処理は穂孕期のものに最大で開花後のものは被害が少かつた. (5)一穂当の粒容積及粒重の減少は風処理のものは風雨処理のものに比して著しく特に抽穗日前後4-5日間のものに被害が著しかつた. (6)風害最大となる時期及期間は風速に依つて異り,風処理では15.5m/secでは開花後8〜9日間, 12.9m/secでは2〜3日間で,10.5m/secでは開花当日のみであつた.之に対し風雨処理では12.9m/secでも開花当日のみに被害が見られたに過ぎなかつた. (7)籾の変色と稔実との間には同一条件の粒間には相関はあつても全般的には寧ろ逆の関係が認められた. 筆者等は水稲の風害に依る稔実障害機構に関し,その授精状態,受精後の粒の発育,気孔の開閉,吸水量の変化について調査し,次の結果を得た. (1)風は授粉を妨げず且つ粒の発育も正常に行われる. (2)処理前後の気孔開度の変化は明らかでなかつた. (3)風害直後吸水量を急に増すが間もなく減退して遂には処理前の状態に復しない.その推移は茎葉損傷の程度即ち風力に比例し,雨後の登熟を阻害するものと思われる。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShimoyamaTeiji en-aut-sei=Shimoyama en-aut-mei=Teiji kn-aut-name=志茂山貞二 kn-aut-sei=志茂山 kn-aut-mei=貞二 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OgoTatsuo en-aut-sei=Ogo en-aut-mei=Tatsuo kn-aut-name=小合龍夫 kn-aut-sei=小合 kn-aut-mei=龍夫 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SasaiKazuo en-aut-sei=Sasai en-aut-mei=Kazuo kn-aut-name=笹井一男 kn-aut-sei=笹井 kn-aut-mei=一男 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=5 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=33 end-page=39 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1954 dt-pub=1954 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The lamb's tail wool in relation to wool type in the Corriedale sheep. : (3) The wool length of the lamb's tail in relation to the wool length of the other body regions. kn-title=コリデール種仔緬羊における尾毛と羊毛タイプとの関係について 第3報 尾部の毛長と他部位の毛長との関係 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This study has been carried out, measuring the wool length and calculating its coefficient of variation of the shoulder, thigh and the tail in each of 14 lambs in docking time and in each of 3 sheeps of 12 months of age, and comparing the correlations between the wool length of the tail and that of the shoulder and also between the wool length of the tail and that of the thigh and the correlations between the variation of the wool length of the tail and the of the shoulder and also between the variation of the wool length of the tail and that of the thigh on both ages of the sheeps, with the object of determining whether the wool length and its variation in the fleece of adult sheep may be predicted by the observation of the wool length and its variation of the tail in the early age of the Corriedale sheep. The results obtained were as follows; 1. A tendency was found that the wool length of the tail was greater than those of the shoulder and the thigh in docking time of the Corriedale sheep. 2. Positive and high degree of correlations were found to exist between the wool length of the tail and that of the shoulder and also between the wool length of the tail and that of the thigh in lamb's dacking time and it was very likely that the similar correlations between the wool length of the tail and that of the shoulder and also between the wool length of the tail and that of the thigh in the sheeps of 12 months of age might exist. 3. Positive correlations were found to exist between the variation of the wool length of the tail and that of the shoulder and also between the variation of the wool length of the tail and that of the thigh in lamb's docking time, but it was found that the correlations were lower than those of the wool length. It was suggested that positive and low correlations might exist between the variation of the wool length of the tail and that of the shoulder and also between the variation of the wool length of the tail and that of the thigh in 12 months of age of sheep. 4. It is expected that the wool length and its variation in the fleece of adult sheep may be predicted. and a selection of the sheeps which may be greater in the wool length and may also show the least variations in the wool length, may be possible by the observation of the wool length and its vatiation in the early age of the Corriedale sheep. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SugaiKazuo en-aut-sei=Sugai en-aut-mei=Kazuo kn-aut-name=菅井一男 kn-aut-sei=菅井 kn-aut-mei=一男 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YuharaMasataka en-aut-sei=Yuhara en-aut-mei=Masataka kn-aut-name=湯原正高 kn-aut-sei=湯原 kn-aut-mei=正高 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=5 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=40 end-page=47 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1954 dt-pub=1954 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on hyaluronidase in the artificial insemination. : (2) Effects of added hyaluronidase on the motility of bull spermatozoa. kn-title=人工授精に於けるHyaluronidaseに関する研究 (2)添加Hyaluronidaseが牡牛精子の活力に及ぼす効果 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=ホルスタイン種4頭,和牛1頭から成る5頭の牡牛から28例の精液を得た.これらの精液を卵黄クエン酸ソーダ稀釈液で5倍,20倍又は50倍に薄め,之にH-ase製剤を添加し6℃に保存したが3例のみは38℃に保存した.H-aseとしては持田製薬株式会社の睾丸性H-aseであるスプラーゼを用いた(その単位は V.U.M.で示される).此の研究に於て,100V.U.M.から100,000V.U.M.にいたる種々の量のH-aseを稀釈精液1cc.に対し添加した.精子の活力は顕微鏡標本加温装置を用い37℃で懸滴標本につき,本邦で普通に用いられている方法により算定した. 5倍稀釈精液に対し種々の量のH-aseを加え6℃に保存したとき,50,000V.U.M.位の量のH-aseは精子の活力に対し推計学上対照区との間に有意の差を与えなかつた.併し乍ら,活動精子の百分率のt検定に於けるPの値からして略50,000V.U.M.以上になると精子の活力は衰える傾向がみられた.此の活力の減少は20倍又は50倍稀釈の場合はあらわれ難い様に思われる.精子の活力に於ける此の減少はH-aseそのものの毒性と云うよりも寧ろ大量のH-ase製剤添加によりて生ずるかも知れない滲透圧の変化か又は酵素製品に含まれている不純物の影響の何れかによるものの様に思われる. 38℃に保存した場合はH-ase添加区も対照区と同様,共に略10時間で精子は活力を失い両者の間に差はみられなかつた.以上簡単に要約すれば,稀釈した牡牛精液1cc.に対して50,000V.U.M.位までのH-aseの量は6℃の貯蔵に於いて精子の活動性に対し有意な影響を与えない.従つて,略これ位のH-aseの量を精液に添加しても人工授精に於いて精子に有害ではない.本実験を行なうにあたり,スプラーゼの提供を受けた持田製薬株式会社,並びに精液試料を戴いた岡山県岡山種蓄場に深謝すると共に石井彰君の御助力に感謝する。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WadaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=和田宏 kn-aut-sei=和田 kn-aut-mei=宏 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeharaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Takehara en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=竹原宏 kn-aut-sei=竹原 kn-aut-mei=宏 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=6 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=11 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1955 dt-pub=1955 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies in Physical Properties of Polder Soils and Method of Reclamation : 1. Effects of Iron Sulfide on the Solubility of Calcium Carbonate and Composition of Exchangeable Bases of Polder Soils. kn-title=干拓地土壤の物理的性質と其の改良法に関する研究 第1報 炭酸カルシウムの溶解度及び置換性塩基の組成に及ぼす硫化鉄の影響について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The greater part of younger halogenetic polder soils in the 6 th and the 7 th section of Kojima Polder consist of heavy clay and have sticky, puddled structure and are quite impervious to water. It was found that the younger polder soils contain a large amount of the soluble salts, and of the exchangeable bases, the MgO and Na2O are more prominent. As is well known, the abnormal composition of exchangeable bases is considered to be the major factor of the poor physical condition of these polder soils. The experimental work reported in this paper deals with the problem of the effects of iron sulfide which has been formed in polder soils under an. anaerobic condition on the solubility of added calcium carbonate and the composition of exchangeable bases after drainage. Kojima heavy clay soil and Fukuda loamy soil were chosen for the test and calcium carbonate and starch were added to each soil sample. All of the soil samples were preliminarily incubated in water-logged condition for about one year and then incubated at 30℃ under the condition of the moisture content of field capacity for several weeks. Changes of pH and soluble salts by reduction and oxidation of samples were determined. (Table 1) The comparison of exchangeable bases between original. soils and incubated samples was made. (Table 2 & 3) The incubated samples were leached by carbonate water for five times. Successive and total losses of CaO, MgO and SO3 in every leachate were determined. (Table 6 & 7) The comparison of exchangeable bases between incubated samples and leached samples was made. (Table 2 & 3) The results obtained may be summarized as follows: (1) The reaction of water-logged standard samples is alkaline, pH ranging from 7.2 to 10.3. After incubation, iron sulfide oxidizes and most of these samples show strong acidities, ranging from pH 4.3 to 6.1, and water-soluble sulfates and calcium increased greatly. After leaching, the exchangeable bases are replaced by hydrogen and percentage base saturation is decreased to a maked extent in every soil. (2) The reaction of water-logged samples, to which calcium carbonate was added is more alkaline as compared with standard samples. The pH values of these samples decrease to some degree after incubation but they remain neutral to slightly alkaline, ranging from pH 7.0 to 8.0. In the incubated samples, there is a marked increase of water-soluble sulfates and calcium and exchange calcium, but exchange Mg, Na and K are decreased. It appears that during incubation most of the iron sulfide oxidizes; the H2SO4 formed reacts with the CaCO3 and CaSO4 is formed; the CaSO4 rapidly changes the sodium clay into calcium clay. During the leaching process, the solution of CaCO3 and the exchange of Ca for Na and Mg proceeds to a large extent; consequently a considerable part of exchange Na and Mg are replaced by Ca in the final situation. (3) The greater part of soluble calcium and magnesium are leached in the first leachate from the standard samples but considerable quantities are leached successively in every leachate from the samples to which CaCO3 is added. A far greater SO3 outgo occurs from the first leachate of standard samples than from the CaCO3 added samples. It appears that CaCO3 retards the oxidation of iron sulfide during incubation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YonedaShigeo en-aut-sei=Yoneda en-aut-mei=Shigeo kn-aut-name=米田茂男 kn-aut-sei=米田 kn-aut-mei=茂男 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KochiTomomichi en-aut-sei=Kochi en-aut-mei=Tomomichi kn-aut-name=河内知道 kn-aut-sei=河内 kn-aut-mei=知道 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=6 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=12 end-page=19 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1955 dt-pub=1955 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies of Mint Breeding IV : Cytogenetical studies on Mentha spicata L. var. crispa BENTH. and the F1 hybrids which involve M. spicata L. var. crispa BENTH. and M. arvensis L. var. piperascens MAL. kn-title=薄荷の育種学的研究第4報 オランダハツカ及びこれと日本薄荷とのF1の細胞遺伝学的研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1.オランダハツカと日本薄荷との相反交雑によつて得た種間雑種 F1の5系統は,何れも強健で生育旺盛であつたが,草丈,開花期,葉の大きさ,花の色,茎葉の花青素及び毛茸の量等所謂数量的形質に関して,相互間で相違を示した.これらの相違は,2系統の日本薄荷親を用いた事によるとも考えられるが,その変異の巾は日本薄荷内の変異の巾よりも広く,両親にヘテロに存在していたポリジーンの分離,再分配によるものと見るのが至当であろう.又葉及び花序の形態,繁殖茎の習性,茎葉中の精油の香気等,両親種間の本質的相違と考えられる形質は,何れを父とし又何れを母としても変りなく,且,F1でほぼ中間性を示した. 2.F1中〔92〕を除く他の4系統は葯が全く退化している.これら4系統は勿論,葯の退化していない〔92〕も,葯の中には稔性花粉を全く含んでいない.放任受精の場合も,両親に戻交雑した場合も,F1諸系統は殆んど種子を着けない.合計4100個の花を調査して12個の種子を得たに過ぎず,中10個は〔92〕の種子であつた. 3.前報に示した様に,日本薄荷の花粉母細胞減数分裂のM1において48IIが観察され,減数分裂の全経過は正常である.オランダハツカではPMCの成熟第1分裂から第2分裂中期迄は正常で,夫々24II及び24Iの染色体が観察された.然るにAIIにおいて染色体の不規則な分配が起るため,正常4分子は約49%しか見られない.之が本種の稔性を低める原因であると考える.そのPMCの成熟分裂の不規則性から,本種は種の分化過程において種間交雑を経,種形成後も日尚浅く,安定種に迄は達していないという結論に達した. 4.F1の体細胞染色体数は何れの系統においても72であつた.PMCの成熟分裂は〔92〕で調べたが,MIにおける2価染色体の出現頻度は3〜10,モード6,他は全部一価であつた.又4分子は全く退化していた.これらの点から日本薄荷とオランダハツカとは類縁関係が遠いと推定される。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IkedaNagamori en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Nagamori kn-aut-name=池田長守 kn-aut-sei=池田 kn-aut-mei=長守 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=UdoSeiroku en-aut-sei=Udo en-aut-mei=Seiroku kn-aut-name=宇渡清六 kn-aut-sei=宇渡 kn-aut-mei=清六 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=6 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=20 end-page=28 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1955 dt-pub=1955 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on Hyaluronidase in the Artificial Insemination.: (3) Distribution of Hyaluronidase in the Bull Semen and Absorption of Added Hyaluronidase preparation by Spermatozoa. kn-title=人工授精に於けるHyaluronidaseに関する研究 (3).牡牛精液に於けるHyaluronidaseの分布.及び添加Hyaluronidase製剤の精子による吸着 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=(1).精液中に於けるH-aseの分布及び添加H-ase製剤の精子により吸着される量を検討する為に此の研究を行つた.此の実験の為に3頭の牡牛(その中1頭は黒毛和種,他の2頭はホルスタイン種)から人工膣法により10例の精液を得た.H-aseの測定は前報に述べたと同様にMc Cleanの方法を僅かに修飾した粘度法によつた. (2).この目的の為に採取後5時間,室温に保つた同じ精液試料につき次の様な3種の測定を行つた,そしてそれに適する様に精液を調整した.精液H-aseの測定: 均質化や,その他の処理を加えない精液を蒸溜水で稀釈して H-ase量を測定した.此の酵素力価を精液H-aseによるものとした.精漿H-aseの測定: 精液の完全な遠心分離後,精漿を得て,その酵素力価を測定した.此の酵素は精子から精漿中に遊離したものと考えられるが,吾々は之を精漿H-aseと称した.精子H-aseの測定: 精液0.2cc.または0.5cc.に蒸溜水10cc.を加え遠心分離後上清を傾斜した.此の洗滌を4回反復した.最後に沈澱(精子塊)に10cc.の卵黄乳濁液(蒸溜水8.5cc.:新鮮卵黄1.5cc.を加え,それを1分間18,000回転のホモゲナイザーで均質化した.上記の如くしてつくられた均質物のH-aseを測定した.精子中に残つているH-aseが測定されたものでこれを精子H-aseと称した. (3).これらの測定成績を第1表に示し,それから計算された結果を第2表に示した.精子一億あたりの精子H-aseの量は精液H-aseと精漿H-aseの差よりも大きく,概して精液H-aseそのものよりも大きい.従つて精子H-aseの一部は精液H-aseの測定に於いてその酵素反応にあづかつていないことになる.吾々はこれを潜在的(または内在的)精子H-aseと称した.そして精子H-aseの中で酵素反応に参加する他の部分を活性(または表在性)精子H-aseと称した.一般的に射精後5時間の精液に於いて潜在的酵素の量は活性酵素の量の略1.5倍であつた. (4).H-ase製剤(持田製薬の睾丸性H-ase製剤であるSpraseを使用した)を精液1ccに対し60,000 v. r. n.または120,000 v. r. u.添加した.添加後5時間以後に於いて精子 H-aseの酵素力価を測定した.対照区と比較するとき前者の量の添加では精子H-aseの力価は殆んど増加しないが,後者の量では僅かに増加する.精子1億に対する用量の点からするならば高い用量では大きな吸收を結果する.精子による吸收がみられるH-ase製剤の用量は精子の運動性に対し無害の範囲を超えている様に思われる.精子の運動性を減んずることなしに精子H-aseの量を増すことは困難と思われる。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WadaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=和田宏 kn-aut-sei=和田 kn-aut-mei=宏 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YuharaMasataka en-aut-sei=Yuhara en-aut-mei=Masataka kn-aut-name=湯原正高 kn-aut-sei=湯原 kn-aut-mei=正高 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=6 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=29 end-page=42 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1955 dt-pub=1955 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on Hyaluronidase in the Artificial Insemination : (4) Effect of Hyaluronidase Prepalation on the Fertility of Bull Semen. kn-title=人工授精に於けるHyaluronidaseに関する研究 (4).牡牛精液の受精力に対するHyaluronidase製剤の効果 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=To study the practical value of hyaluronidase preparation in the artificial insemination of the cattle, the following four experiments were carried out, and according to the results of these and those reported in the previous reports, discussion was made on the effect of hyaluronidase preparation in the artificial insemination. For the hyaluronidase preparation "Sprase" was used. ( I ) Experiments are summarized as follows. Experiment I ; Fourty-seven services were made to 35 Holstein cows. In 34 services of them, Sprase of 2,000 v. r. u. or 5,000 v. r. u, dissolved in I cc, of normal saline was put into the cervix about 20 to 30 minutes before insemination. The rest 13 services were the control and in which Sprase was not injected. No appreciable effect of the preparation on the fertility was not obtained (table 1). Experiment II ; Sixty-one of Holstein cows that had the first calving were inseminated by the semen diluted I : 3 with fresh egg yolk. Of 39 cows which did not conceived from the first service though they bad normal reproductive organs and were free from any disturbances in their genital tracts, 26 cows were inseminated by the semen diluted as above mentioned with Sprase of 5,000 v. r. u. per one cc. added. The number of services that they received were 45. The rest 13 normal cows were the control, and received 22 services (table 2). Conception was determined by rectal palpation. Fertility was about 58% in both groups respectively. These insemination records were shown in table 3. Consequently, effect of adding hyaluronidase on the fertility of bull semen was not recognized. Naturally, there was no effect on the sex of the young. Experiment III ; The semen from 3 Holstein bulls was diluted with egg yolk-glucose-citrate diluter and 5.000 v. r. u. of Sprase was added to the semen diluted seven times, 10.000 v. r. u. of Sprase to the semen diluted fifty times, and 40.000 v. r, u. of Sprase to the semen diluted seventy times respectively. In the test, the cows were inseminated by the semen treated and the total number of services was 71. In the control, cows were inseminated by semen without Sprase and the total numder of services was 123. There was no effect of hyaluronidase preparation on the fertility in this experiment either (table 4). en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WadaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=和田宏 kn-aut-sei=和田 kn-aut-mei=宏 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeharaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Takehara en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=竹原宏 kn-aut-sei=竹原 kn-aut-mei=宏 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YuharaMasataka en-aut-sei=Yuhara en-aut-mei=Masataka kn-aut-name=湯原正高 kn-aut-sei=湯原 kn-aut-mei=正高 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山県立中国酪農講習所 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=6 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=43 end-page=50 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1955 dt-pub=1955 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Saline Injury on Crops. : I-2 The Effect on the Growth and on the Maturity of Wheat as produced by the Saline Water Irrigation at the Ear Formation Period. kn-title=作物の塩害に関す研究 第I報 その2 小麦の幼穗形成期に与えられた塩水がその後の生育並に稔実に及ぼす影響 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=小麦農林52号を供試し,生育時期を異にして各10日間づつ2.5%の塩水を与えた場合,特に幼穗形成期に於ける塩害経過後の生育並に稔実には次の如き2,3の特異現象があらわれた. 1.害微出現率では新葉にも未だ被害を認めるが,除塩後,葉位の進むに従つて葉位別の害徴増加率は他の時期の塩害区に比して著しく減少する. 2.塩水添加による害徴の増加量は全育相を通じて最大であるにも拘わらず,除塩後の増加が殆んどなく,塩害経過日数が極めて短い. 3.幼穗形成期及此の直前の時期に塩害を蒙つた場合には葉数が増す.4.1小穂平均粒数,1粒重,稔実指数は他の時期の塩害区に比して極めて良い。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OgoT. en-aut-sei=Ogo en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name=小合龍夫 kn-aut-sei=小合 kn-aut-mei=龍夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SasaiK. en-aut-sei=Sasai en-aut-mei=K. kn-aut-name=笹井一男 kn-aut-sei=笹井 kn-aut-mei=一男 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=7 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=7 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1955 dt-pub=1955 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies of Mint Breeding V : Cytogenetical studies on the F1 hybrids which involve M.arvensis L. var. piperascens MAL. and M. spicata L (pilose form) kn-title=薄荷の育種学的研究 第5報 日本薄荷とM. spicata L.(pilose form)とのF1の細胞遺伝学的研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1.日本薄荷とM. spicata L.(pilose form)との交雑によつて得た種間雑種Ｆ1の6系統は何れも旺盛な発育をとげ,その形質は相互間で多少の相異を示したが,何れも略両親の中間であつた. 2.これらF1系統では葯は退化し,葯中には通常稔性花粉を含んでいない.併し放任受精で0乃至1.28%,平均0.5%の結実率を,又両親との戻交雑では,0乃至0.6%,平均0.29%の結実率を示した.且,得られた種子は可なりの発芽率を示した. 3.M. spicata (pilose form)ではPMCのMIにおいて,24IIが観察された.日本薄荷では第3報に示したように48IIが見られる.而してF1の体細胞染色体数は,供試6系統いずれも両親の PMCのMIに現われる2価染色件数の和72であつた. 4.F1のPMCのMIにおける2価染色体の出現頻度は12〜21,モードは16で,残りは1価染色体であつた.花粉4分子は多数の分胞子に分裂する傾向が見られた. 5.薄荷属の種は12を基本染色体数とする.而して日本薄荷は8倍体で,生殖細胞は4組のゲノムを,又M. spicataは4倍体で生殖細胞は2組のゲノムを夫夫保有する.且,両親種は何れも異質倍数体と推定する理由がある.従つてF1の減数分裂の際,染色体の同親接合は考え難く,そのMIに現われる2価染色体は,何れも異親染色体の結合と考えなければならぬ.よつて筆者等は,前記F1の細胞学的観察から,両親のゲノム中,1組は両親間で完全相同であり,他の1組は12本中9本まで部分相同の染色体を含む部分相同ゲノムであると推定する。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IkedaNagamori en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Nagamori kn-aut-name=池田長守 kn-aut-sei=池田 kn-aut-mei=長守 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=UdoSeiroku en-aut-sei=Udo en-aut-mei=Seiroku kn-aut-name=宇渡清六 kn-aut-sei=宇渡 kn-aut-mei=清六 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=7 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=8 end-page=12 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1955 dt-pub=1955 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Physical and Chemical Studies on the Growth of Crops grown on the Polder Soils : II. Effects of Phosphate on Wheat Plants grown on the Halogenetic Polder Soils kn-title=干拓地における作物の生理化学的研究 第2報 小麦に対する燐酸施肥の影響 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=干拓年次の新しい児島湾干拓地圃場において燐酸施与量をかえて小麦の栽培を行い,収穫物について二三の要素分析を行つた.得られた結果は次の如きものであつた. 1.燐酸施与による効果は明らかに認められたが,燐酸過剰による減收も現われ,本試験設計では反当P2O5として1貫施与区に最高收量が得られた. 2.窒素の形態の差異即ち硫安と尿素とによる収量えの影響は認められなかつた. 3.一部は半量燐酸追肥を行つたが,追肥効果は現われなかつた. 4.燐酸吸收量はその施与量が多い程増加することが認められた. 5.体内塩素含量は燐酸施与量の大なる程少なく,燐酸の大量施与によつて塩素の吸收を抑制し得ることが明らかとなつた. 6.体内窒素含量はP2 O5 2貫区が最高で,特に穂における含量が多く,燐酸多量区では反つて減少する傾向を認めた。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShimoseNoboru en-aut-sei=Shimose en-aut-mei=Noboru kn-aut-name=下瀬昇 kn-aut-sei=下瀬 kn-aut-mei=昇 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=7 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=13 end-page=21 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1955 dt-pub=1955 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Relaxin in Ruminants. : (2) Relaxin content of the blood serum of pregnant and postpartum cows of the Japanese Black breed of cattle. kn-title=反芻家畜のRelaxinに関する研究 (2)妊娠及び分娩後の和牛の血清中に於けるRelaxinの含量 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=(1)和牛の妊娠及び分娩後の各時期の血清34例につき,そのリラキシンを検定した. (2)リラキシンの検定はAbramowitz et al.(1944)の方法を僅かに修飾した方法(前処理に於けるEstradiol benzoateの日量を0.8γにした)によつて行い,リラキシンの単位をGPUで示した.リラキシンの単位の計算を容易にする為にAbramowitz et al.の描いた標準曲線を方眼紙上に拡大複写し,反応率と用量の関係を一つのStandard tableにした.而してこれに試験動物の反応率をあてはめればリラキシンの単位を読みとることが出来る. (3)これらの試験の成績は第3表に示し,また曲線として第1図に示した.被検血清は妊娠の略1ヶ月過ぎから0.8GPU程度のリラキシンを含んでいた.リラキシン含量は6〜7月頃までは比較的急激に増加し,而して最高値(略3.6GPU)に達し極く僅かに増加しながら妊娠の残余の期間,維持せられる. (4)分娩後,血液中に於けるリラキシンの濃度は急に低下し,そして減少を続けた.分娩後1週間すると,その濃度は痕跡程度又は検知し得ざる量にまで減少する. (5)此の血清中に於けるリラキシンの曲線の型は筆者等が前報で報じた乳牛のそれと一致しており,また大川(1953)が報じた和牛の妊娠及び分娩後の骨盤の弛緩及び復旧の状態とよく符合している. (6)これらのことから妊娠後期及び分娩時に於ける骨盤の靱帯の弛緩や,その離開には,リラキシンが少くともその原因の或る部分を担つているものと思われる. (7)血清リラキシンを多量注射されたものは,一般的に反応率も大きいが,骨盤弛緩の持続時間も長かつた.(8)血清リラキシンの含量と産次や産積の性との間には関係がなかつた。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WadaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=和田宏 kn-aut-sei=和田 kn-aut-mei=宏 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YuharaMasataka en-aut-sei=Yuhara en-aut-mei=Masataka kn-aut-name=湯原正高 kn-aut-sei=湯原 kn-aut-mei=正高 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=7 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=22 end-page=30 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1955 dt-pub=1955 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Relaxin in Ruminants : (3) Relaxin content and concentration of arginine in the blood serum of cow. kn-title=反芻家畜のRelaxinに関する研究 (3)牛の血清中に於けるRelaxin含量とArginineの濃度 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=(1)Arginine中のGuanidyl基がリラキシンの生物学的活性に対し,必須要素であることが知られているので,牛の血清中のリラキシンとArginineの量の間の関係をみる為に此の研究を行つた. (2)Arginineの定量としては,坂口反応を行い,その呈色の吸光度を光電光度計により測定した. (3)塩酸Arginineを蒸溜水に溶解し,それについて坂口反応を行い,充分な呈色のための最適の諸条件を決めた.これらの条件によつてArginineの吸光系数を求め,標準曲線を描いた. (4)妊娠の各時期に於ける牛の血清を生理的食塩水で稀釈し,それについて坂口反応を行い波長500mμ,5mmのCuvetteで吸光度を測定した.次式によつて得られる価を血清中のArginine濃度と考えた.これによつて得られた牛の血清Arginineの濃度は1cc.当り1.475〜1.895mg,平均1.705mgであつた. mg Arginine/cc.=吸光係数×吸光度×稀釈率但し吸光係数:0.02236 l:5 mm (5)Abramowitz et al.のBioassay methodで検定した牛の妊娠血清中のRelaxin濃度とArginine濃度は全く無関係であつた. (6)これはArginineが血清中に恒常的成分としてかなり多量に存在しているのに対し,血清中の微量のリラキシンの一成分であるArginineは血清中のArginineの極く僅かな一部である.従つてリラキシンの量に於ける僅かな変化は血清の坂口反応に影響しない。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WadaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=和田宏 kn-aut-sei=和田 kn-aut-mei=宏 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YuharaMasataka en-aut-sei=Yuhara en-aut-mei=Masataka kn-aut-name=湯原正高 kn-aut-sei=湯原 kn-aut-mei=正高 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=7 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=31 end-page=35 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1955 dt-pub=1955 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=On the Germination Tests of Some Flower Seeds kn-title=二,三観賞花卉種子の発芽試驗について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1.実験に供した材料はミモザ(Mimosa sp.),アカシヤ(Acacia dealbata)及びアスター(Aster=Callistephus)の種子で,ミモザは輸入種子,アカシヤ及びアスター種子の一部は自家採種の新種子である. 2.発芽試験の方法はシャーレに濾紙を敷き,ミモザとアカシヤはそのまま,アスターは800倍のウスプルン溶液に約20分浸漬した後,実験に供した. 3.ミモザ及びアカシヤの種子はそのまま播いた場合は発芽率頗る低く始んど実用にならぬが,種子の先端を切るとか,種皮に傷を付けると100%近く発芽する.然し,ホウセンカ(Impatiens Balamina)の如く腐葉土に播いても殆んど発芽せぬ所から考えて不発芽の原因は種皮の硬さにあるようである.種子の剛度は殆んどイネの玄米に等しい. 4.ミモザの種子を硫酸(98%)や濃い苛性ソーダ液に浸した場合,割合効果のあつたのは30分浸漬区で,これより浸漬時間が短くとも,1時間に延しても効果は現われなかつた. 5.アスターを秋播して開花した株の種子を採播するとよく発芽(70〜88%)する所から見て,アスターの採播は可能である。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YasudaIsao en-aut-sei=Yasuda en-aut-mei=Isao kn-aut-name=安田勳 kn-aut-sei=安田 kn-aut-mei=勳 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=7 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=36 end-page=45 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1955 dt-pub=1955 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Effect of Constant Temperature upon the Development of the Potato Tuber Moth, Gnorimoschema operculella (ZELLER). kn-title=ジャガイモガGnorimoschema operculella(ZELLER).の発育に及ぼす恒温の影響 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1. 1954年5月広島県川尻町にジャガイモガが侵入土着せるを確認し,わが国に土着した個体群について,その生態を明らかにするため,まず各種恒温の各ステージに及ぼす影響を調査した. 2. 各ステージとも,実験した恒温の10〜40℃の範囲にわたり発育がおこる.そして発育日数は10〜35℃の間に於いて温度の上昇につれて減少した.発育限界温度は明らかにし得なかつたが発育率及び健全虫率よりみて,各ステージ共,低温限界は10℃以下に,高温限界は40℃付近にあるものと考えられる.10℃に於いても各ステージ共50%の割合で発育出来,小部分ではあるが成虫は正常に交尾,産卵すること, 40℃では孵化はおこらぬが胚子発育は完全におこること,他のステージでは正常な発育が出来ない点等は注目に価する. 3.発育速度曲線,発育の正常さ,蕃殖力等よりみて,適温範囲は各ステージ共,15〜33℃にあると考えられる.しかし発育速度の最も速いのは各ステージ共に35℃である. 4. 35°,38℃のような高温に前蛹期,蛹期を経過した雄は不妊となるが,雌は同様の条件で不妊になることはない. 5. 幼虫期は雄が雌に比し短かく,蛹期は逆に長い.前蛹期は両者で殆んど同一である. 6. 各ステージの全発育期間中にしめる割合は各温度を通じて殆んど等しいが,低温に向つて卵期のしめる割合が増大し,逆に幼虫期のしいる割合が減少し,他のステージでは変化がないという傾向がみれる。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KoizumiKenji en-aut-sei=Koizumi en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=小泉憲治 kn-aut-sei=小泉 kn-aut-mei=憲治 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=7 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1956 dt-pub=1956 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Examination of PRADHAN'S Theory relating to the Relation of Temperature to the Development of Insects. kn-title=温度と昆虫の発育とに関するPRADHAN学説の吟味 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=PRADHAN'S theory relating to the relationship between temperature and the velocity of insect development has been examined using the data published by previous workers. It has been found that the formula proposed by PRADHAN may be applicable to the data obtained with Gnorimoschema operculella and Chilo simplex, of the data examined by the writer. In the case of the other insects, PRADHAN'S formula can not be applied; because in these cases the velocity curves are found to possess a straight line portion in a fairly wide range of the medial temperatures. The examples of such cases are: Lepidoptera Bmbyx mori; Coleoptera Callosobruchus chinensis, Acanthoscelides obtectus; Hymenoptera Eutomostethus juncioorus, Neocatolaccus mamezopha gus; Diptera Chactodacus cucurbitae. Another point of interst is that PRADHAN's formula does not seem to fit the experimental data accurately when temperatures of rearing are beyond the temperature of the maximum rate of development. This seems to be due to the fact that tile velocity curve of insect development is in most cases not symmetrical on the right and left sides, the central point being the temperature of the maximum development. This point, however, seems to be worth further investigation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HarukawaChukichi en-aut-sei=Harukawa en-aut-mei=Chukichi kn-aut-name=春川忠吉 kn-aut-sei=春川 kn-aut-mei=忠吉 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=8 end-page=20 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1956 dt-pub=1956 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the wind or the storm-damages to rice plant in the stages before and after heading. : IV. The influences of salt concentration in bring-wind upon the growth and the development of kernels. kn-title=水稲の出穂期前後に於ける風雨害に就て 第4報 潮風中の塩分濃度が水稲の生育竝に稔実に及ぼす影響 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=筆者等は水稲朝日に就いて穂孕期のものに潮風処理を行い,その塩分濃度が水稲の生育,特に子実の発育に及ぼす影響を調査し,更にその被害を軽減する方法に就いて次の結果を得た. (1)試験区は人工風洞内で風速15.5m/sで1時間処理した後,夫々0.3,1.4,及び2.5% (NaCl)の塩水を各種300cc宛撒布した潮風処理区と風処理を行わないで塩水撒布のみを行つた塩水処理区及び潮風処理後24時間目に2.0%の尿素水溶液又は水道水を各株200cc撒布して葉面を洗滌したもの(尿素撒布区及び撒水区)に区分した. (2)潮風処理に依る葉枯れの発生は塩分,濃度と共に増し,風害及び塩害の徴候が累加して現われ,風又は塩分単一処理のものと比較し著しく増大した.特にその害徴は下位葉に著しく現われた.潮風処理後,尿素又は水を撒布したものは被害の軽減に役立つが,2.0%の尿素は多少薬害が現われた. (3)抽穗後の籾の変色程度は,高濃度の潮風処理を行つたものに著しく,塩水撒布区,風のみ処理区の順に少くなつた.変色籾は2次枝梗,又は下位枝梗に多く発生したが,潮風処理後尿素水又は水を撒布したものは之を軽減した. (4)稔実歩合は潮風処理したものが最も不良で,不完全粒,及び粃を増し,特に濃度の高いものほど,又2次枝梗及び下位枝梗ほどその傾向が著しかつた.塩水撒布区も塩水濃度に比例した稔実障害を起すがその被害の程度は潮風処理と略々比例するから,風が塩害を更に加速度的に激化せしめるとは考えられない.又尿素又は水の撒布に依つて下位枝梗の稔実を良好ならしめた. (5)粒の厚さは略々完全粒歩合と同様な傾向が認められたが,特に尿素の葉面撒布は粒の肥大に有効であつた。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShimoyamaTeiji en-aut-sei=Shimoyama en-aut-mei=Teiji kn-aut-name=志茂山貞二 kn-aut-sei=志茂山 kn-aut-mei=貞二 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiMasuo en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Masuo kn-aut-name=鈴木増夫 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=増夫 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=21 end-page=29 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1956 dt-pub=1956 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=作物の塩害に関する研究 第3報 小麦の根部に於ける通気と塩害発現との関係 kn-title=Studies on the saline injury on crops(III) : On the relations between the air supply to the root zones on wheat and the appearance and the development of the saline injury. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The author has investigated the relation between the air supply to the root zones and the appearance and the development of the toxicity symptoms resulting from salinization on wheat, the variety used being a local variety "Norin No. 52 ". The results obtained can be summarized as follows : In the experiment for about two weeks, the degree of the development of the toxicity symptoms resulting a from salinization was significantly greater in the plants under the anaerobic condition than under the aerobic condition at the critical level of concentration for growth but at higher concentration than above, the difference was not significant. This relationship was equally shown in the reduction of top and root growth, hydration ratio and number of leaves. It was shown strikingly that sodium accumulation in leaf blades was lower under the aerobic condition than under the anaerobic condition. The accumulation of the other elements decreased in the plants treated by saline solution under the aerobic condition, but under anaerobic condition this relationship was not clear. In regard to the growth and maturity on the polder fields, it was found that the yield of wheat as backcrops on the paddy field was extremely poor than that of either upland wheat or of wheat at the field cultivated for the first time in spite of the lapse of the same time after reclamation from sea. It was also found that leaf length, leaf width and size of stoma on top leaves were significantly reduced and found at the same time that the number of stomata increased on wheat as backcrops on the paddy fields. The percentage of air space and porosity in the soils of upper layer on the fields after harvesting rice were distinctly smaller than that on the other fields. Therefore, it might be considered that the appearance and the development of the toxicity symptoms resulting from salinization is markedly promoted by lowered aerobic condition around the roots as far as this experiment goes. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OgoTatsuo en-aut-sei=Ogo en-aut-mei=Tatsuo kn-aut-name=小合龍夫 kn-aut-sei=小合 kn-aut-mei=龍夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=31 end-page=37 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1956 dt-pub=1956 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on relaxin in ruminants : (4) Concentration of relaxin in the blood serum of pregnant and postpartum goats and ewes. kn-title=反芻家畜のRelaxinに関する研究 (4) 妊娠及び分娩後の山羊及び緬羊の血清中のRelaxinの濃度 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=(1),山羊及び緬羊の妊娠中及び分娩後の血清中のRelaxinをAbramowitz et al.(1944)により確立され,筆者等によつて僅かに修飾された生物検定法により検定した. (2),妊娠20日の山羊の血清中のRelaxin濃度は略1GPUであつた.その後,増加して3ヶ月乃至4ヶ月の間に最高値に達し,それが妊娠の残余の期間,維持せられる. (3),山羊に於いて分娩後は血清中のRelaxin濃度が急激に低下した(第1表及び第1図). (4),血清Relaxinの量に関して,栄養の良い山羊と,それの悪い山羊の間に差は無いように思われる. (5),緬羊の血精の例数は少ないけれども,そのRelaxin濃度は山羊のそれより,やや低いように思われる. (6),血清中のRelaxinの最高量は1cc.当り略3.5乃至4.0GPUの範囲にあり,血清中に於けるその量を示す曲線のplateauの高さに於いて,反芻家畜に於ける種類による著るしい差は無いように思われる. (7),分娩後のRelaxinの急激な減少は,前報に於いて牛について推定した如く,山羊及び緬羊に於いても,此のホルモンの生成に対し胎盤が重要なる部位であることを示すようである. (8),他の研究者によりて行われた牛の妊娠及び分娩時の骨盤の変化の計測的観察に基づく推定からして,山羊及び緬羊に於いてもRelaxinの効果により,少くとも仙腸関節は弛緩するものと思われる.本研究を行うにあたり,岡山県津山畜産農場長馬渡武彦氏,蔵知毅氏,同技師竹原宏氏,同沖進氏及び広島県七塚原種畜場長大津俊次郎氏の御援助を戴いた.茲に記して深謝の意を表する.(本研究の一部は昭和三十年度文部省科学研究助成補助費によつて行つた.当局に深謝する.) en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WadaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=和田宏 kn-aut-sei=和田 kn-aut-mei=宏 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YuharaMasataka en-aut-sei=Yuhara en-aut-mei=Masataka kn-aut-name=湯原正高 kn-aut-sei=湯原 kn-aut-mei=正高 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=39 end-page=44 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1956 dt-pub=1956 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on Relaxin in Ruminantss : (5) Relaxin in the urine of the pregnant and postpartum cows. kn-title=反芻家畜のRelaxinに関する研究 (5) 妊娠及び分娩後の牛の尿中のRelaxin en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1),妊牛の尿にRelaxinが排泄せられているかどうかを知る為に此の実験を行つた. 2),妊娠各時期の尿20例及び分娩後の尿6例が此の実験に用いられた.これらの尿は11頭の牛(ホルスタイン種9頭及び黒毛和種2頭)から早朝に採取された.これらの尿を漏過後, Alexander & Money(1946)の方法に従つて濃縮し,もとの尿の容量の1/20の容量になるように生理的食塩水に浮遊させた. 3),此の濃縮尿浮遊液1cc.をestrogen処理した卵剔モルモツトの背部皮下に注射し, Abramowitz et al.の方法に従つてRelaxinの検定を行つた. 4),尿20cc.当りのRelaxinの量は第1表に示し,またモルモットの骨盤の弛緩の持続時間は第2表に示した5),これらの尿試料の数例につき37℃,2時間のTrypsin処理及び100℃,1時間の加熱処理を行つたところ恥骨縫合弛緩作用は失われたので尿中の活性物質をRelaxinと認めた. 6),妊娠牛の尿中にRelaxinが排泄せられていることが判つた.但しその量は僅かであり,妊娠後期は妊娠前期よりも,やや多いように思われるが,尿20cc.中のRelaxinの量の妊娠に進行に伴ふ明らかな増加は観察されなかつた.本研究あたり,Trypsinの供与を戴いた持田製薬株式会社学術課長相沢登氏に深く感謝の意を表する.(本研究の一部は昭和30年度.文部省科学研究助成補助金によつて行つた) en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WadaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=和田宏 kn-aut-sei=和田 kn-aut-mei=宏 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YuharaMasataka en-aut-sei=Yuhara en-aut-mei=Masataka kn-aut-name=湯原正高 kn-aut-sei=湯原 kn-aut-mei=正高 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=45 end-page=54 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1956 dt-pub=1956 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Stadies on the seed raising of onion : 1) On the flower period and the flowering behavior 2) On the length of styles and receptive period of pistils kn-title=葱頭の採種に関する研究 第1報 開花について 第2報 雌蘂の花柱の伸長及び授精力保有期間について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1) 葱頭の開花は5月31日に始まつて6月28日に終り,従つて開花期間は29日間であつた. 2) その中で開花数の多かつたのは,6月8日から22日の15日間で全開花数の84.9%であつた. 3) 開花は開花前日及び開花当日の日照量によつて影響されるものの如くである. 4) 1花球に於て最も多く咲いた花数雄842で平均は291であつた. 5) 1花球当りの開花数の多いものは,開花始めも早く,開花期間も長い. 1) 葱頭の花柱の伸長竝に雌蘂の授精力保有期間について実験した. 2) 葱頭の花柱は開花後徐々に伸長するが,その伸長は変異があり,一定の傾向は見られなかつた.最大の長さに達するのは,開花の翌日以後であつて,又葯が全部開葯してからであつた. 3) 雌蘂の授精力は開花2日目より生じ,6日目に終つた. 4) 結局,形態的にも,機能的にも葱頽の雌蘂は開花当日には成熟していなくて,雄蘂先熟の性質をもつていた。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MasudaTadao en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Tadao kn-aut-name=益田忠雄 kn-aut-sei=益田 kn-aut-mei=忠雄 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayashiKiyoshi en-aut-sei=Hayashi en-aut-mei=Kiyoshi kn-aut-name=林清史 kn-aut-sei=林 kn-aut-mei=清史 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=55 end-page=61 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1956 dt-pub=1956 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The quantitative determination of volatile fatty acids in ensilage by counter current distribution apparatus kn-title=Counter current装置によるEnsilage中の揮発性脂肪酸の定量について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1,本実験において著者等は,Ensilage中のV.F.AsをPaper partition chromatographyとCounter current distribution法によつてそれぞれ定性と定量を行つた. 2.Paper partition chromatographyは一次元上昇法で行い,移動相としては水飽和n-Butanol(1% ammonia)を用いた. 3, Counter current distributionでは,移動相として水飽和n-Butanol,固定相としてn-Butanol飽和水を用いた. 1回の分配では80回の振盪を行い,49回の分配を行つた. 4,以上の方法でEnsilage中のV.F.As.は比較的に容易かつ正確に定性と定量が出来た. 5, Ensilage中のAcetic acidは0.7〜1.3%の間にあつて,原料の種類或は品質の善し悪しには関連がない.しかしながらButyric acidはEnsilageの品質が悪いもの程その含量が多かつた. Red cloverで造つたEnsilageには少量のPropionic acidが含まれていたが,玉蜀黍を原料としたものには含まれていなかつた。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HoriSatoshi en-aut-sei=Hori en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name=堀慧 kn-aut-sei=堀 kn-aut-mei=慧 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanabeAkira en-aut-sei=Tanabe en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=田辺昭 kn-aut-sei=田辺 kn-aut-mei=昭 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=62 end-page=68 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1956 dt-pub=1956 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies of mint Breeding VII : Cytogenetical studies on the F1 hybrid which involves M. arvensis L. var. piperascens MAL. and M. rotundifolia (L.) HUD. kn-title=薄荷の育種学的研究第7報 日本薄荷とM. rotundifolia (L.) HUD.とのF1の細胞遺伝学的研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1. 日本薄荷×M. rotumdifoliaのF1は外部形態的に日本薄荷に近い.又茎葉の香気,繁殖茎の性状等も日本薄荷と変らない.併し花序の形,開花期等若干の形質は両親の中間であつた. 2. F1は葯が退化し,葯中には稔性花粉を含まない.又放任受精の場合殆んど種子を着けない. 3. PMCのMIにおいて,M, rotundiofliaでは12II,日本薄荷では48II,が観察される.F1の体細胞染色体数はその和の60に等しい. 4. F1のPMCのMIにおける2価染色体の出現頻度は2〜10で,モードは6,残りはすべて1価染色体であつた.従つて当然花粉4分子形成の際にも,染色体の分配に異常が起り,正常4分子の出現率は6%に過ぎなかつた. 5.12個を薄荷属の基本染色体数とするならば,F1は4ゲノムを日本薄荷から,又1ゲノムをM. rotundifoliaから受けている.このF1のPMCのMIに2乃至10個の2価染色体の出現することは日本薄荷は異質倍数体であり,従つてこれら2価染色体は異親接合と考えられるから)両親間に,1部分相同ゲノムのあることを意味し,M. rotundifoliaの祖先は日本薄荷の祖先の一つであるとの推定を可能ならしめる。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IkedaNagamori en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Nagamori kn-aut-name=池田長守 kn-aut-sei=池田 kn-aut-mei=長守 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=UdoSeiroku en-aut-sei=Udo en-aut-mei=Seiroku kn-aut-name=宇渡清六 kn-aut-sei=宇渡 kn-aut-mei=清六 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KishimotoOsamu en-aut-sei=Kishimoto en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name=岸本修 kn-aut-sei=岸本 kn-aut-mei=修 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=9 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=10 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1956 dt-pub=1956 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Forms and Distribution of Phosphorus in the Profiles of Soils in Okayama Prefecture kn-title=岡山県下の土壤の層位別の燐酸の形態及び分布について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=岡山県下に分布する急傾斜地土壌,果樹園土壌,腐植質火山灰土壌及び老朽化水田土壌を供試して土壌燐酸の形態別の分別定量法を検討する一方,その層位別の分布を究明し,次の結果を得た. 1) 可吸態P含量は鉱質土壌及び腐植質火山灰土壌の何れにおいても未耕土は10ppm.以下で,とくに､"くろぼく",では殆んどが痕跡量にすぎなかつた.然るに熟畑化の進行に伴い可吸態P含量は次第に増加し,とくに施用燐酸の影響が顕著に認められた. 2) 鉱質土壌においては熟畑土壌では全P,酸性弗化物可溶P,酸可溶P及び有機態Pの各含量は何れも未耕土に比べて増加するが,就中吸收態Pと有機態Pの各含量の増加が著るしい, 3) 腐植質火山灰土壌においては未耕土の全P含量も可なり多く,その約80%が有機燐として存在している.且つ"くろぼく",に於ては燐酸肥料の施用により有機燐の増加及び吸收態Pと同程度,又はそれ以上の酸可溶Pの増加を結果する一方可吸態Pの増加は鉱質土壌に比べて遙かに僅少に止る。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YonedaShigeo en-aut-sei=Yoneda en-aut-mei=Shigeo kn-aut-name=米田茂男 kn-aut-sei=米田 kn-aut-mei=茂男 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShigetaMitsuyasu en-aut-sei=Shigeta en-aut-mei=Mitsuyasu kn-aut-name=繁田充保 kn-aut-sei=繁田 kn-aut-mei=充保 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山農試講習所 en-keyword=土壌燐酸 kn-keyword=土壌燐酸 en-keyword=岡山 kn-keyword=岡山 en-keyword=分別定量法 kn-keyword=分別定量法 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=9 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=11 end-page=18 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1956 dt-pub=1956 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Inhibitory Effect of Relaxin Preparation upon Spontaneous Uterine Contractions of the Rat and the Guinea pig in vitro. kn-title=ラッテ及びモルモットの子宮のin vitro自発運動に対するRelaxin Preparationの抑制効果 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=繁殖生理上に於けるRelaxinの意義を知るために,ラッテ及びモルモットの子宮を用い,その in vitro自発運動に対するRelaxinの効果を研究した.Guanidyl基がRelaxinの生物学的活性に対する必須要素であることが知られているので子宮運動に対するArginine及びGuanidineの影響の研究も行つた. 1)使用動物は卵巣剔出後,ラッテでは少くとも12日,モルモットでは3ヶ月以後に精製胡麻油溶のEstradiol monobenzoateの注射(ラッテは1日3γ,3日間;モルモットは1日3γ,4日間)で発情させ,その翌日,これらの動物の子宮を剔出し,直ちに冷Locke'sまたはTyrode's solutionに浸し5時間以内に供試した.37℃の恒温水槽中に保定し,酸素を通じたLocke'sまたはTyrode'sを入れたガラス容器中に子宮片を入れ,それをMagnus装置の筆桿に結び付け,1.59の張力のもとに,その等張的運動をKymographの煤煙紙上に記録した. 2) Relaxinは子宮筋の弛緩を起してラッテやモルモットの子宮の自発運動を種々の程度に抑制する.0.025GPU/ccの濃度でも相当の効果を示したが0.05GPU/ccの濃度では,その効果は一層著しかつた.用量の増加につれ一層の抑制が観察せられた.然しながら,その効果は子宮の状態によつて異るので閾値を一概に定めることは出来なかつた.時には大なる用量であるにもかかわらずRelaxinは期待せられる子宮の攣縮を抑制し得ないことがあつた.一般に攣縮開始後の時間が長くなるにつれて,Relaxinに対する子宮の感受性は小さくなつた. 3) Relaxinの種々の用量による子宮の運動の型は概略,次の3つに分けられた.然しながらモルモットの子宮運動はやや不規則であつた. A:攣縮高が種々の程度に低減する. B:正常頻度をもつた低い鋸歯状攣縮の略々一定の間隔で正常の1個(稀に2個)の攣縮が観察せられる. C:攣縮は無く子宮は完全に弛緩し動かない. 4) Relaxinで弛緩した子宮も電気刺戟に反応した.攣縮を生ぜしめる電気刺戟の閾値はRelaxinの効果の増すにつれて高まつた.これらの反応は現われる攣縮の状態により次の3つに大別された. (i) 1刺戟で1(稀に2)攣縮が現われる. (ii) 1刺戟で数個またはそれ以上の攣縮が現われ間もなく攣縮は止む. (iii) 刺戟を機に攣縮が現われ漸次もとに復帰する. 5) Guanidine(塩酸塩)は子宮の攣縮の頻度を増したが,然し大量に於ては子宮運動に対しOxytocicな作用さえも示した.Arginine(塩酸塩)は子宮に対し何の効果も示さなかつた.これらの結果から子宮運動に対するRelaxinの抑制効果は単なるGuanidyl基によるものではなくRelaxinそのものの効果によるものである. 6) Relaxinは腸のin vitroな運動に対しては評価すべき効果を示さなかつた.従つてRelaxinは一般的な平滑筋鎮静物質ではないように思われる。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WadaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=和田宏 kn-aut-sei=和田 kn-aut-mei=宏 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YuharaMasataka en-aut-sei=Yuhara en-aut-mei=Masataka kn-aut-name=湯原正高 kn-aut-sei=湯原 kn-aut-mei=正高 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=9 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=21 end-page=28 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1956 dt-pub=1956 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Experimental Inactivation of relaxin and Disturbances by Oxitocic Substances towards Inhibition of Relaxin upon Uterine Contractions in vitro. kn-title=Relaxinの実験的不活性化及びRelaxinのin vitro子宮攣縮抑制に対するOxytocicな物質の阻害 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=此の実験に於てRelaxinの主なる二つの生理学的効果−骨盤弛緩とin vitro子宮運動の抑制−に対する加熱,蛋白分解酵素による消化,及び酸素ガス通気､影響を検討した.また,Oxytocinの他に,Trvpsin製品,筋肉浸出液及び腸浸出液などが,その oxytocicな効果によりRelaxinの効果を阻害することを知つた.1) Relaxin製品の有する恥骨弛緩効果はTrypsin及びPepsinによる37℃,2時間の消化により失われた. 2) Relaxin製品の恥骨弛緩効果は63℃,30分の加熱によりては殆ど低減しなかつたが,63℃, 1時間の加熱によりて失くなつた.子宮のin vitro自発運動に対するRelaxin製品の抑制効果は63℃,1時間の加熱では保たれていたが,100℃,1時間の加熱により全く観察されなかつた.従つてRelaxin製品の上述の二つの生理学的効果を破壊する温度は異つているように思われた. 3) 酸素ガスの通気(60cc/min,4時間)は Relaxinの効果に何の影響も与えなかつた. 4) これらの結果から Relaxinは比較的易熱性の物質であり,また蛋白分解酵素による消化からして,これまでの研究者が報告している如くRelaxinはpolypeptideの一つであるように思われる. 5) 使用したTryptin製品は Oxvtocinの如く子宮に対し顕著なる oxytocicな効果を示した.100℃,30分及び63℃,1時間加熱したTrypsinは僅かながらoxytocicな効果を示したが,此の oxytocicな効果は100℃,1時間の加熱によりて完全に失われた. 6) Pepsinの酵素的活性に対して適当とは云えないが,中性溶液に於て Pepsin製品は子宮運動に対して何の影響も与えなかつた. 7) ラッテの筋肉及びよく洗滌した腸(回腸)を0℃または37℃でLocke氏液に4時間浸した.これらの筋肉及び腸の浸出液は夫々oxytocicな効果を示し,前者の効果よりも後者のそれが,いくらか強いように思われた.従つて,子宮の運動に関して,種々の Relaxin inhibitorがあるように思われる. 8) Oxytocinそのものは本来の作用により Relaxinの効果を阻害したが,疲憊状態に陥つた子宮はOxytocin及びRelaxinの何れにも反応しなかつた。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WadaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=和田宏 kn-aut-sei=和田 kn-aut-mei=宏 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YuharaMasataka en-aut-sei=Yuhara en-aut-mei=Masataka kn-aut-name=湯原正高 kn-aut-sei=湯原 kn-aut-mei=正高 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=9 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=31 end-page=37 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1956 dt-pub=1956 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Relationship between Weanling and Yearling Fleece Characters in the Corriedale Sheep kn-title=コリデール種緬羊の離乳時と満1才時におけるFleece Character間の関係について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This study has been conducted to test if the yearling fleece characters may be predicted from the weanling fleece characters, by investigating the relationship between the weanling and the yearling fleece characters with special reference to the grease yield, clean yield, clean yield percentage, stretched length, density and the fineness of the Corriedale sheep wool. The animals used were 11 Corriedale ewes born in the spring, 1955 at the Chugoku Stock Breeding Farm of the Department of Agriculture and Forestry. The wool samples were taken from left and right side and thigh regions of each sheep at weanling and yearling ages and each fleece character at both ages was measured and its relationship was analyzed. The results obtained were as follows: (1) Considerably high and significant regressions and correlations were found between weanling and yearling characters, such as the grease wool yield, stretched wool length at side region and the wool fineness at thigh region. (2) While the clean wool yields, clean wool yields percentages, wool densities and the wool fineness at side regions between both ages had no significant regressions and correlations. (3) It seems from the results of the present study that of all fleece characters measured, grease wool yield, stretched wool length at side region and the wool fineness at thigh region have considerably high values for predicting the yearling fleece characters from the weanling characters of the Corriedale sheep. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SugaiKazuo en-aut-sei=Sugai en-aut-mei=Kazuo kn-aut-name=菅井一男 kn-aut-sei=菅井 kn-aut-mei=一男 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagasawaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Nagasawa en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=長沢弘 kn-aut-sei=長沢 kn-aut-mei=弘 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=9 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=39 end-page=45 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1956 dt-pub=1956 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Effects of various treatments on the germination of mint seeds I kn-title=薄荷種子の発芽促進に関する研究 第1報 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=日本薄荷種子の発芽促進方法と発芽不良の原因を知るために若干の実験を行つた.その結果,高い発芽歩合を得るためには(1).採集した種子を湿潤低温の状態で約5ヶ月間貯蔵しておくこと (2).発芽を変温下(30℃,4〜8時間,15℃,20〜16時間)において行わしむること(3).硫酸或いは硝酸加里の0.005〜0.01規定の稀薄溶液で湿した発芽床上で発芽せしむることが有効であることがわかつた.湿潤低温貯蔵によつて薄荷種子の発芽が促進せられるという事実から,本種子の発芽不良(少くともその一部)は胚の未後熟による休眠に原因するものと推定される.種皮の水分不透過が発芽不良に関与するか否かについては,的確なる証明を得るに至らなかつた。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IkedaNagamori en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Nagamori kn-aut-name=池田長守 kn-aut-sei=池田 kn-aut-mei=長守 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraMasaru en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Masaru kn-aut-name=中村勝 kn-aut-sei=中村 kn-aut-mei=勝 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=9 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=47 end-page=54 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1956 dt-pub=1956 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Quantitative estimation of the straight chain volatile fatty acids by the column Partition chromatography kn-title=Column分配Chromatoglaphyによる直鎖揮発性脂肪酸の定量について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In 1948 PETERSON and JOHNSON minutely described the column partition chromatographic method for the separation and quantitative estimation of the volatile fatty acids. In this experiment the partition chromatograms we employed were prepared as follows. The column was consisted of glass tube packed with silica gel, 30 cm in length and 8mm in diameter. Water was used as stational phase and benzene, 1.2% butanol benzene, 5% butanol chloroform, 12% butanol chloroform and butanol as mobile phase. Recoveries of formic, acetic, propionic and butyric acid were 104%, 101%, 99% and 100% respectively. We tried in vain to estimate the valeric acid in the presence of the acids previously described. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HoriSatoshi en-aut-sei=Hori en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name=堀慧 kn-aut-sei=堀 kn-aut-mei=慧 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanabeAkira en-aut-sei=Tanabe en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=田辺昭 kn-aut-sei=田辺 kn-aut-mei=昭 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=10 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1957 dt-pub=1957 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on Historical Relation between Japanese Population and her Farm Land. kn-title=日本人口史と農地の開発過程についての研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Nowadays the population problems should be seriously discussed in our country. Japan being situated solitarily in the Asia Continent, her population has increased with comparatively slight influences of race movements. The increase of population is directly related with that of farm land which produces foods. Having studied the relation of the two with the lapse of age, I attemped to show them graphically by curves which may be termed "Historical relation between Japanese population and her farm Land." By resorting to this graph the density of the Japanese population in each age can be easily estimated. Taking into consideration the geographical conditions, I want to begin investigations before long not only on the farm land history, but also on some problems in the progressive process of society, especially of the agricultural one in our country. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsuoKinji en-aut-sei=Matsuo en-aut-mei=Kinji kn-aut-name=松尾欣二 kn-aut-sei=松尾 kn-aut-mei=欣二 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=11 end-page=18 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1957 dt-pub=1957 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=A Study on Polder Soils in Japan : XII. On the Young Polder Soils of the East Fukuda Polder in Okayama Prefecture. kn-title=干拓地土壤に関する研究 第12報 岡山県福田干拓東地区の新干拓地土壤について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The purpose of this paper was to study the effects of iron sulfides which had been formed in marine deposits under an anaerobic condition on the chemical compositions and the soil forming processes of soils in East Fukuda Polder. These polder soils examined contained a large amount of soluble salts; especially chlorides constituted the dominant salt among them. Sulfates content was also high and soluble salts appeared to accumulate in surface layers. Air-dried surface soils showed fairly strong acidities, due to the presence of soluble acid compounds formed in the course of oxidation of iron sulfides contained in these soils. The content of FeS2 was found to be between 0.305% and 1.682% as SO3 in the original soils ; and 10% HCl sol. CaO contents were very poor. Soil reactions and soluble salts were determined after the incubation of soils during several weeks at 30℃ under the condition of the moisture content of field capacity. Consequently, in all soils, the pH value became extremely acid, and total solids and water soluble sulfates were greatly increased in the incubated soils; and a relatively good correlation was found between decreased pH values and increased sulfates contents in the incubated soils. It has been concluded that iron sulfides had a marked influence on the chemical compositions of soils and on the prospective soil forming processes of these polder soils. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KochiTomomichi en-aut-sei=Kochi en-aut-mei=Tomomichi kn-aut-name=河内知道 kn-aut-sei=河内 kn-aut-mei=知道 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YonedaShigeo en-aut-sei=Yoneda en-aut-mei=Shigeo kn-aut-name=米田茂男 kn-aut-sei=米田 kn-aut-mei=茂男 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=19 end-page=23 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1957 dt-pub=1957 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Physiological and Chemical Studies on the Growth of Crops grown on the Polder Soils : III. Effects of Potassium on Rice Plants kn-title=干拓地における作物の生理化学的研究 (第3報) 水稲に対するカリの効果 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=干拓年次の新しい児島湾干拓地圃場において,塩化カリ及び硫酸カリを用いてカリの施与量をかえて水稲を栽培し,カリの効果について試験を行つた.その結果塩化カリと硫酸カリとによる生育差は殆んど現われなかつたが,カリ施与量は收量及び藁中の無機成分含有率に著しい影響を及ぼすことを知つた.即ち收量は塩化カリの場合 K2Oとして反当1貫施与区において,硫酸カリでは1,2貫施与量において最高で,無カリ区と比べてカリ塩施用の効果は認められたが,3貫区の收量は著しく低下した.藁中の K2O含有率は1貫区では無カリ区より明らかに高かつたが,3貫区では反つて著しく低く,又 CaO含有率もカリ塩施与量が多くなるに従つて低下することが認められた。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShimoseNoboru en-aut-sei=Shimose en-aut-mei=Noboru kn-aut-name=下P昇 kn-aut-sei=下P kn-aut-mei=昇 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyakeYasuto en-aut-sei=Miyake en-aut-mei=Yasuto kn-aut-name=三宅靖人 kn-aut-sei=三宅 kn-aut-mei=靖人 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=25 end-page=28 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1957 dt-pub=1957 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Distribution of P32 in Rice Plants grown in the Chloride Excess Solution kn-title=塩化物過剰のもとで生育した水稲体内におけるP32の分布 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=水稲をその生育途中から0.3% NaCl液を加えて水耕栽培し,幼穂形成期を過ぎてから p32を培養液に加え,吸收されたP32の行方を検索した.塩化物を生育初期から加えなかつたため,出穂期に茎葉,特に古い葉に多くClが残存し,従来の成績とは極めて異つた結果を得,ために所期の目的を達し得なかつたが次のような事実を認めた.即ち幼穂形成期以後に加えられたPも水稲によつて吸收利用されるが,水稲体内に多量のClが残存すると,根から茎葉内へのPの移行が妨げられ,特に古い葉の中のP32が少いという事実を認めた。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShimoseNoboru en-aut-sei=Shimose en-aut-mei=Noboru kn-aut-name=下P昇 kn-aut-sei=下P kn-aut-mei=昇 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=29 end-page=32 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1957 dt-pub=1957 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Requirement of Calcium by Mat Rush Plant kn-title=藺草の石灰要求について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=石灰施与量をかえて藺草を栽培し,その生育及び体内無機成分を測定して藺草の品質を左右する因子を検索した.2万分の1ポットに充填した土壌に対し,全量としてCaCO3 6gを施与した試験区が最も生育良好で,藺草は或程度の石灰を要求する事実を認めた.しかしより以上石灰を供与すると生育は劣つた.体内無機成分分析の結果,石灰の増施に伴いわづかながら体内 CaO含有率が上昇し,それに逆比例して K2O含有率は著しく低下する事実を認めた.土壌溶液のpHを測定したが,何れの区も微アルカリ性を呈する故に,藺草は広義の嫌石灰植物であり,その石灰嫌忌性は体内における石灰とカリとの拮抗現象に起因するものと思われる.即ち体内の石灰とカリとのバランスが適当である場合に生育に良好な結果をもたらすもので,石灰とカリとは藺草の品質及び生育を左右する重要な因子であることを認めた。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShimoseNoboru en-aut-sei=Shimose en-aut-mei=Noboru kn-aut-name=下P昇 kn-aut-sei=下P kn-aut-mei=昇 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=33 end-page=42 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1957 dt-pub=1957 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Resistance of Wheat Varieties to Gibberella zeae (SCHW.) PETCH, (Head Blight) and its Mechanism. : I. Varietal Difference of the Position of Florets in a Wheat Spikelet attached by Head Blight incipiently and the Relationships between the Existence of Anther Corpses in Florets and the Infection by Head Blight. kn-title=赤かび病に対する小麦品種の抵抗性に関する研究 (第1報) 赤かび病の小麦の1小穗内の初発病頴花の位置と品種間差異及び葯骸との関係 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=(1)昭和31年5月は小麦の開花期(5月4〜6日)より成熟期にかけて降雨,曇天多く,赤かび病の大発生を招いた.しかしその発病は初期の降雨に当つても発病は見られず,数回の降雨を経て5月20日以降に広く発病をもたらした. (2)赤かび病の最初に侵入発病した頴花には,葯骸の存在が認められた. (3)罹病小穂は他の健全小穂に比し,一見して不稔小穂に発病したかのような観を呈するが,これは粒が多量の水分を含み,その体積の最高に達した頃の粒が侵されると,間もなくその小穂内の全粒が枯死して粒の萎凋をもたらし,小穂全体が枯凋萎縮するためである. (4)1小穂内の発病源となつた頴花の位置を調査すると,品種間に相違がある.即ち1小穂当り4頴花以上を有する小穂を対象とし,この1小穂内の頴花を第1及び第2頴花群とそれより上位の頴花群とに区分した場合,第1及び第2頴花群に発病比率の高い品種(例:シラサギコムギ),第1及び第2頴花群より上位の頴花群に発病比率の高い品種(新中長,畠田小麦),両頴花群ともに発病の高い品種(アカツキコムギ)とに分けられた. (5)このような発病源頴花群の品種間差異は,そのまま頴花群別の葯骸残留状況と一致する.即ち第1及び第2穎花群に発病源となつた頴花の多いシラサギコムギは第1及び第2穎花群の葯骸残留率がそれより上位の頴花群に比して高く,その他の頴花群別発病の関係についても,頴花群別葯骸残留率と並行的関係にあつた.(6)粒の充実に伴う開頴現象によつて葯骸放出を行う品種(例えば新中長,畠田小麦など)にあつては,この結果からもその放出の程度によつて当然罹病の軽減をもたらすことが予想される。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakegamiShizuo en-aut-sei=Takegami en-aut-mei=Shizuo kn-aut-name=竹上静夫 kn-aut-sei=竹上 kn-aut-mei=静夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=44 end-page=50 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1957 dt-pub=1957 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies of Mint Breeding : VIII. Studies on the Productivities and the Properties of Essential Oils of Interspecific Hybrids in the Genus Mentha kn-title=薄荷の育種学的研究 (第8報) 薄荷種間雑種の生産力並びに精油の性状に関する研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Yields of herbs and essential oils of two interspecific hybrids of mint were determined. One is F1's that involve M. arvensis L. var. piperascens MAL. (Japanese mint) and M. spicata L. (pilose form), the other is F1's that involve M. arvensis L. var. piperascens MAL. and M. spicata L. var. crispa BENTH. Physicochemical properties of essential oils as well as the components that make up the essential oils were also studied. Results acquired were as follows: - (1) F1's grew vigorously and gave better yields of herbs than the parents, though the yields of the different strains (clones) consisting F1's varied one another (Table 1, 2). It was recognized too that drought resistance and rust immunity which F1's possessed. (the parents of non-Japanese mints also had these characters) were also the cause of high productivity of herb, besides the vigorousness of growing. (2) Some F1 strains (clones) wese by no means inferior in yield (%) of essential oil from herb, to the Japanese mint which was generally high in essential oil content. Consequently, their production of essential oil per unit acreage was higher than that of the Japanese mint. (3) F1's that involved Japanese mint and M. spicata var. crispa were superior to F1's that involved Japanese mint and M. spicata (pilose form) in yields of herb and essential oil. Moreover, in the former F1's, there were strains which gave essential oils of good qualities (Table 1, 2;. The authors recognized consequently M. spicata var. crispa was superior as the mother species of interspecific hybrid. (4) Essential oils of two varieties of M. spicata (non-Japanese parents) contained about 25% of free menthol and 50% of unsaturated ketones. Most of F1 strains also contained 25〜45% of free menthol and 25〜50% of unsaturated ketones in their essential oils. Their herb had a smell peculiar to their unsaturated ketones. However, two F1 strains (F1 89), (F1 92) that involved Japanese mint and crisp mint had about 75% of free menthol and only a few percentage of unsaturated ketones in their essential oils, the composition of which was alike that of Japanese mint (Table 3, 4). They were good perfumers like Japanese mint. (5) Unsaturated ketones which were contained in the essential oils of the non-Japanese mints and the Majority of F1's that involved Japanese mint and non-Japanese mint, or at least most part of the ketones, were supposed to be l-carvone from the physicochemical properties of the essential oils (Table 5). The F1's of interspecific hybrid, especially the last mentioned two F1 strains (F1 89) and (F1 92) had many desirable characters as described above. They closely resembled, though not superior to, Japanese mint in the quality of essential oils and had many good characters (as drought resistance, rust resistance etc.) which originated from the parent of non-Japanese mint. They will answer our purpose as the stocks for the improvement of Japanese mint. From the above mentioned results, the authors are interested in the crossing experiment of Japanese mint with many other species of mint as the means of improvement of Japnese mint. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IkedaNagamori en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Nagamori kn-aut-name=池田長守 kn-aut-sei=池田 kn-aut-mei=長守 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=UdoSeiroku en-aut-sei=Udo en-aut-mei=Seiroku kn-aut-name=宇度清六 kn-aut-sei=宇度 kn-aut-mei=清六 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=51 end-page=67 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1957 dt-pub=1957 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Research on the Planting in Spring of Autumn-planting Bulbs kn-title=秋植球根の春植栽培試験について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1. 秋植球根として代表的なチュウリップ,水仙,アイリス,アネモネ,ラナンキュルス,鉄砲百合,毛百合を用い,1955月10月から1656年3月にかけて遅植試験を行なつた. 2. 先づ,実験材料を三つに分け,10月植を標準区,他の二つは半数を植付前まで,室内でそのまま貯蔵したものを室内区,他の半数を0℃の電気冷蔵庫に貯蔵したものを冷蔵区とした. 3. 開花前の発芽状態については冷蔵区と室内区とであまり大きな差はなかつたが,チュウリップ(ウイリアム･ピット)では12〜2月に於て,冷蔵区の方が却つて発芽率がよく,草丈も大きいことが認められた. 4. 発芽後開花迄の期間に於てはチュウリップ,アイリス等は冷蔵区の中に標準区より草丈,花径が大きく,開花期も早いものが見出されたが,水仙では遅く植えられたものほど生育がわるかつたようである. 5.最終の植付日であつた3月25日でも,各種の球根の開花は可能であつたが,不開花株が多くなり,たとえ,花は咲いても草丈や花径が小さく,開花日もおそくなつた.栽培の目的から言えば,成るべく開花の遅くなるのを期待したのであるが,チュウリップ,水仙,アイリス,百合類では,10月植と3月植との開花の差が1ヶ月以内,ラナンキュラスとアネモネとでは1ヶ月以上の開きがあつた程度である。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YasudaIsao en-aut-sei=Yasuda en-aut-mei=Isao kn-aut-name=安田勲 kn-aut-sei=安田 kn-aut-mei=勲 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YokoyamaNiro en-aut-sei=Yokoyama en-aut-mei=Niro kn-aut-name=横山二郎 kn-aut-sei=横山 kn-aut-mei=二郎 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=69 end-page=76 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1957 dt-pub=1957 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on Gas-storage of Kaki Fruits (Diospyros Kaki LINN. f.) kn-title=富有柿のガス貯蔵に関する研究 (第2報) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1. 前報において,所謂"遅延貯蔵"することが富有柿密封貯蔵中に発生する頂部褐変果発生予防に有効であると推定した.本報においては,主として遅延貯蔵が頂部褐変果発生予防の効果について再確認を行なつたことについてのべる2. 1953年9月15日から11月16日迄の期間10日毎に富有柿の呼吸強度について調査したところ,呼吸強度(果実1kg当りより25℃1時間に呼出されるCO2量)は次第に減少し,11月4日が最小の値(15.50mg)を示し,同16日には再び増大し19.90mgとなつた.従つて11月4日前後が転換期と思われる. 3. 同年11月4日採收した柿果を13l容真空デシケーター内に密封(貯蔵果客積率37%)した. A区(無処理区),B区(容器中CO2が絶無)及びC区(7日間遅延貯蔵区)の12月22日におけるCO2濃度は71.3%,0%(推定)及び52.5%であつて,しかしてB区の様に呼出したCO2を全部吸收せしめて容器内のCO2を絶無とすることは却つて果実を軟化することと考えざるを得ない. 4. 頂部褐変果発生率について7日間の遅延貯蔵したC区が相当程度少なくなつており,B区では更にその発生率が少ない.貯蔵中果実が軟化することと頂部褐変果発生率の低下との間に何等かの関連があるやにみえる. 5.1955年11月12日に採收した富有柿を採收後直ちに5l容デシケーター内に密封貯蔵(容積率45%)したA区,3日間遅延貯蔵をしたB区及び7日間の遅延貯蔵を行なつたC区の各デシケーター内の12月17日におけるCO2濃度は夫々53.3%,42.8%及び52.4%であつてC区の柿がB区に比してCO2呼出量がかえつて大となつている. 6.12月25日開封時における硬度はA区8.5,B区8.6及びC区7.8で貯蔵前の硬度(8.8)糖度及び色相等について大差はなかつた. 7. 貯蔵中に発生する頂部褐変果の発生率はA区38.5%に対しB区では13.0%となり著しく減少しているのにC区ではかえつて23.0%となり遅延貯蔵期間が長すぎるとかえつて不利であることが認められた。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkazakiMitsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Mitsuyoshi kn-aut-name=岡崎光良 kn-aut-sei=岡崎 kn-aut-mei=光良 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoikeMasazumi en-aut-sei=Koike en-aut-mei=Masazumi kn-aut-name=小池正澄 kn-aut-sei=小池 kn-aut-mei=正澄 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=77 end-page=81 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1957 dt-pub=1957 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Investigation on Invasion of Bovine Piroplasmosis in Northern District of Okayama Prefecture. kn-title=岡山県北部地方に於ける牛のPiroplasmaの調査 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We investigated on the invasion of bovine piroplasmosis in Kamisaibara village, the northern part of Okayama prefecture, where about 600 of Japanese breed black cattle were pastured on. As the result of the blood examinations on 285 cattle it was found that the disease prevailed heavily in these areas as shown in tables; namely the numbers of cattle which were detected the minor piroplasma (which seemed to be Thieleria mutans) in thire red blood cells came up to as much as 97.9 per cent, and those associated with the major piroplasma (which was morphologically similar to Babesia bigemina,) were 6.0 per cent. (Table I. & II.) A tendency was shown that the younger the cattle, the more severely was infected with this disease. (Table III.) Being almost of the cattle, in spite of infection with numerous piroplasms, survived without any manifestation such as "Texas fever'", the bad influences of this disease to cattle have never been recognized, but to leave out the condition is to be regarded as highly dangerous for profitable livestock production in this district. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ToriumiTohru en-aut-sei=Toriumi en-aut-mei=Tohru kn-aut-name=鳥海徹 kn-aut-sei=鳥海 kn-aut-mei=徹 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KamotoKazuhisa en-aut-sei=Kamoto en-aut-mei=Kazuhisa kn-aut-name=加本一久 kn-aut-sei=加本 kn-aut-mei=一久 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagaeKanjiro en-aut-sei=Nagae en-aut-mei=Kanjiro kn-aut-name=長江勘次郎 kn-aut-sei=長江 kn-aut-mei=勘次郎 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoyanoSuemitsu en-aut-sei=Koyano en-aut-mei=Suemitsu kn-aut-name=古谷野末光 kn-aut-sei=古谷野 kn-aut-mei=末光 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山県庁畜産課 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山県庁畜産課 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山県庁畜産課 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=14 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=1958 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=A Study on Polder Soils in Japan : XIII Determination of Electrical Conductivity of Soil Extracts and its Use in Appraising Soil Salinity kn-title=干拓地土壤に関する研究 (第13報)電気伝導度法による土壤塩分の測定法とその意義について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=福田干拓地土壌及び塩害地の水田土壌を供試して,含塩度の判定法としての電気伝導度の測定法及びその意義につき研究した.伝導度測定用の土壌浸出液を調製するには,先づ風乾細土に飽水状態に達する迄水を加えて攪拌,捏和し,20-24時間放置した.次にブフナー漏斗を用いて濾過し,この飽和浸出液を用いて伝導度を測定した.又湛水下の水田土壌についての迅速測定には,新鮮土を直接供試して飽和浸出液を調製できることを知つた.塩化物と硫酸塩の含量を異にする福田干拓地土壌の飽和浸出液の伝導度をmillimhos/cm単位で示した値(mhos×103)と1:5浸出液についての化学分析成績を比較した結果,両測定値の間には有意な関係のあること,及び本試料においてはむしろ伝導度の方が土壌の含塩度と植生の関係を考察する上に合理的であることを認めた.飽和浸出液の伝導度は1:5浸出液の夫に此べて5〜11倍を示し,且つ飽和容水量はHILGARD法の最大容水量に近似することを知つた.塩害地水田土壌150点につき,伝導度及び土壌反応と水稲の反当収量の関係を求めた結果,伝導度と收量及び土壌反応と收量との間に一定の相関々係の成立すること,とくに伝導度と收量との間に密接な関係の存在することを明にした。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YonedaShigeo en-aut-sei=Yoneda en-aut-mei=Shigeo kn-aut-name=米田茂男 kn-aut-sei=米田 kn-aut-mei=茂男 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KochiTomomichi en-aut-sei=Kochi en-aut-mei=Tomomichi kn-aut-name=河内知道 kn-aut-sei=河内 kn-aut-mei=知道 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=15 end-page=24 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=1958 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Some Knowledges on the Characteristics of the Rape Seed Oil in Okayama Prefecture kn-title=岡山県におけるナタネ子実の油脂性状に関する知見 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1.岡山県産ナタネの一般性状を各地区産地別に比較すると,概して県北地区生産のものが県南地区のものより油分含量が高い.2.ヨウ素価の低い品種として伊勢黒系の分系品種が注目され,又一般性状においては特に近畿28号が優秀な品種と思われる.3.成熟適期を落花終了後30日目と定めることは油分の性状変化からみて刈取調製上の意義が大きい.4.ナタネ燐脂体の含量はアルコール可溶性成分の量に比例した.5.輸入ナタネ(エチオピヤ産ナタネと称するもの)に異常性状を示すものが発見されたが,この子実はカラシナ(B. juncea),アビシニアカラシ(B. carinata)の混合物であつて,ナタネとして取扱えない。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShinozakiYuichi en-aut-sei=Shinozaki en-aut-mei=Yuichi kn-aut-name=篠崎侑一 kn-aut-sei=篠崎 kn-aut-mei=侑一 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OharaSachiko en-aut-sei=Ohara en-aut-mei=Sachiko kn-aut-name=大原幸子 kn-aut-sei=大原 kn-aut-mei=幸子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=25 end-page=28 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=1958 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Effects of Chlorine on Silicate Absorption in Rice Plants kn-title=水稲の珪酸吸收に及ぼす塩素の影響 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=珪酸,塩素濃度をかえて種々の組合せを作つた培養液によつて水稲を水耕栽培して,水稲茎葉中の珪酸吸收に及ぼす塩素の影響を検討した.その結果培養液濃度が高い場合における水稲の珪酸吸收に及ぼす塩素の影響は明かではないが,珪酸欠乏状態では適量の塩素が培地に存在すると水稲の珪酸吸收に好影響を及ぼすらしいことを認めた。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShimoseNoboru en-aut-sei=Shimose en-aut-mei=Noboru kn-aut-name=下瀬昇 kn-aut-sei=下瀬 kn-aut-mei=昇 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=29 end-page=39 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=1958 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on Silage-Making : On the Effect of Some Additives kn-title=エンシレージの製造法に関する研究 二三の添加物の効果について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The author has already published a few reports on the silage-making with some additives. In this paper the result of experiments carried on with 'Shochukasu' (lees of a distilled spirit made from sweet potatoes), starch feed (a by-product in starch manufacture), urea and A.I.V. acid will be reported. (1) A 7 : 3 mixture of white clover and wild plants was respectively preserved either with 'Shochukasu' or with starch feed as additives (cf. Table 1). Investigations on organic acids, the pH value, and the chemical composition of the silages, palatability to live-stock and on nutrient losses during the storage were made, and it was recognized that 'Shochukasu' and starch feed were effective as the additives to the silage-making. The ensiling may be expected as an effective preservation method of 'Shochukasu' itself. The silage prepared with 'Shochukasu' added at the rate of 43 per cent of the green plant seemed to be the most palatable feed to various amimals (cf. Table 4). (2) The use of the amount of 1 per cent of urea in silage-making with the sweet potato and rice bran (80 : 20) seemed to be harmless and the resulting silage was palatable to ruminants ; it had the following properties : pH 4.3, free lactic acid content 2.02, acetic acid content 0.53 and butyric acid content 0 per cent. And sweet potato vine silage prepared with the amount of 1 per cent of urea did not contain butyric acid either. (3) The teosinte silage prepared according to A.I.V. method had very good quality : pH 3.5, lactic acid content 1.58, acetic acid content 0.29 and butyric acid content 0 per cent. The nutrient losses in fermentation process were only 4 per cent in dry matter and 5 per cent in organic matter. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SutohHiroshi en-aut-sei=Sutoh en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=須藤浩 kn-aut-sei=須藤 kn-aut-mei=浩 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=41 end-page=48 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=1958 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=On the lactic acid bacteria survived in milk and milk products. kn-title=牛乳及び乳製品中に存在する乳酸菌について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1.我が国に於て生産される牛乳及び乳製品の一部について乳酸菌の分布を調べたところStr. lactis類似の球菌が大部分であつた.プロセスチーズでは長い熟成期間中に原料乳中の乳酸菌やスターターに用いた乳酸菌とは異つた菌の分布を示す様になつている.粉乳の場合には製造工程にspray dringがあるために高温性菌が多いことが認められた.バター中の乳酸菌も原料乳中の分布とは趣を異にしているが,これは乳酸菌にとつて栄養的に偏つていることや食塩濃度が高いことが原因かも知れない.2.在来のものに比し優秀な酸生成または蛋白分解性を示す菌を分離出来なかつた.蛋白分解性に関しては培地のpHが影響するところ大であつて,乳糖分解により生成する乳酸と蛋白分解により生成する塩基性化合物との相関関係によつて乳酸菌の醗酵状態が変化する.このことは特にチーズの場合に重要であると思われる.即ち乳酸生成が増大すれば酸性に傾いて旨味物質の生成が遅れ,蛋白分解が盛んになれば乳酸菌の生育が抑制されて腐敗し易くなる.従つて平衡状態如何によつて製品の品質が支配される.3.diacetyl量からみて優秀な香気生成菌を数株発見出来た.これ等の菌は香気生成に秀れているのみでなく,生酸力も顕著である.従つて単独使用出来るスターターとして実用化し得る可能性がある.在来の香気生成菌が酸生成菌と共棲させる必要のある点を補つている。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ImamuraTsuneaki en-aut-sei=Imamura en-aut-mei=Tsuneaki kn-aut-name=今村経明 kn-aut-sei=今村 kn-aut-mei=経明 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KataokaKei en-aut-sei=Kataoka en-aut-mei=Kei kn-aut-name=片岡啓 kn-aut-sei=片岡 kn-aut-mei=啓 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=49 end-page=59 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=1958 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Insect Fauna of the Japanese Pine Mushroom and the Damage due to the Insect Pests kn-title=松茸害虫の種類と被害 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=(1)松茸に集まる昆虫は穿孔性17種,非穿孔性14種,昆虫以外のもの4種.これらの内本研究で松茸に侵入するものとして新たに確認したものは9種である.(2)当地方で重要害虫と判定されたものは,Drosophila bizonata, D. busckii, D. transversa, Aphiochaeta matsutakei, Psychodu fungicola, P. nigriventris, Suillia sp. Cecidomyiidaeの1種である.(3)最も重要と考えられるDrosophila, Aphiochaeta, Psychodaの加害は成虫が松茸表面に産卵し孵化した幼虫が内部に食入することによると判定する.そしてその被害率は平均73%であつた.(4)寄生状態は単独寄生54%,2種の共寄生31%,3種の共寄生15%である.(5)これらの昆虫の1世代の発育期間は松茸の発育期間より寧ろ長い傾向を示す.(6)重要種2種AphiochaetaとDrosophilaの季節的発生消長及び日変動を明らかにした. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KiyokuMasao en-aut-sei=Kiyoku en-aut-mei=Masao kn-aut-name=清久正夫 kn-aut-sei=清久 kn-aut-mei=正夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=61 end-page=67 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=1958 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Milk-Secretion Studies with Corriedale Ewes : 1. On the Milk Yield of Ewes with Special Reference to Its Relation to the Growth of Suckling Lambs kn-title=コリデール種牝緬羊の泌乳に関する研究 (第1報)牝緬羊の泌乳量特に泌乳量と仔緬羊の生長との関係について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This work was undertaken to study the milk yield of Corriedale ewes and the liveweight of lambs produced from those ewes with special reference to the relation of the milk yield to the growth from birth to weaning of suckling lambs. The animals used were 7 Corriedale ewes of 3 years of age and 9 Iambs (singles 5, twins 4) born from those ewes in the spring, 1957 at the Chugoku Stock Breeding Farm of the Department of Agriculture and Forestry. The milk yield of ewes was estimated from the difference of the liveweight of lambs weighed before and after suckling and the records of the milk yeild of ewes and of the liveweight of lambs were taken at 10 days intervals after birth. The results obtained were as follows : (1) It was found that the milk yield of ewes was highest during the period from 10 to 20 days after lambing and then gradually declined. (2) It seems that the ewes of higher milk yield during the first one month after lambing are greater on the average daily milk production during each 10 days period after lambing and on the total milk production during three months, as compared with those of lower milk yield. (3) Significant correlations were not found between the total milk yield of ewes during three months after lambing and their liveweight on the lambing day and between the former and the liveweight of lambs on the day of lambing. (4) Average total milk yield during three months from birth to weaning was 83.3 kg and the average daily weight gain per single lamb 240 g. (5) There were a few significant correlations between the milk yield of ewes during each one month period and during three months period and the liveweight gains of lambs after birth and was generally a increasing tendency of the correlation coefficient values, as lambs grew older. It seems that those tendencies need further investigation. (6) However, a significent correlation (r=+0.91) was found between the total milk yield of ewes and the average daily weight gain of lambs during three months period from lambing to weaning. (7) It was found that the correlations between the average daily liveweight gain of lambs during three months period and the liveweight of ewes on the lambing day and between the former and the birth weight of lambs were not significant. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SugaiKazuo en-aut-sei=Sugai en-aut-mei=Kazuo kn-aut-name=菅井一男 kn-aut-sei=菅井 kn-aut-mei=一男 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TeramotoKenta en-aut-sei=Teramoto en-aut-mei=Kenta kn-aut-name=寺本憲太 kn-aut-sei=寺本 kn-aut-mei=憲太 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=農林省中国種畜牧場 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=69 end-page=77 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=1958 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Culture of Chrysanthemums lighted by Fluorescent Lamps : I. Effects of Luminous Intensity under the Lamps of Various watt kn-title=螢光燈による菊の抑制栽培 (第1報)ワットを変えた光の強さの影響 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1.螢光燈が白熱燈即ち普通の電燈と同様,菊の抑制栽培(電照)に対し効果があるか否かを知らんがためと電照の強さが菊の抑制に何等かの差異があるか否かを試そうがために1956年の夏から秋にかけて寒牡丹と雲仙を用いてこの実験を行なつた.2.電照中に於ける草丈の伸長率は品種によつて差があるが,螢光燈と白熱燈との間には特別の差異は見られなかつた.また,螢光燈及び白熱燈のワットの強さと草丈の伸長との間にもはつきりした区別は見られなかつた.3.電照打切後の開花期は各試験区共殆んど同じであつた即ち,電照の強さ及び電照の種類と開花期との間に特別正の関係は見られない.雲仙は寒牡丹に比し各試験区共1〜2日宛おくれているが,これは品種の差異によるものだと思う.4.電照打切後,花芽分化開始までの期間は10〜15日で,20日後には全部の花芽に分化が見られた.従つて螢光燈10wでも菊の花芽分化を抑制する効果は十分あるものと思われる。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YasudaIsao en-aut-sei=Yasuda en-aut-mei=Isao kn-aut-name=安田勲 kn-aut-sei=安田 kn-aut-mei=勲 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KorematsuHirobumi en-aut-sei=Korematsu en-aut-mei=Hirobumi kn-aut-name=是松博文 kn-aut-sei=是松 kn-aut-mei=博文 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=菊 kn-keyword=菊 en-keyword=抑制栽培 kn-keyword=抑制栽培 en-keyword=電照 kn-keyword=電照 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=79 end-page=86 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=1958 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Verruca on the Fruit of Melon : 1) The Formation of Verruca due to the Artificial Treatment and its Anatomical Observation kn-title=メロン果実の疣状突起について 第1報人為処理による疣状突起の形成と疣状部の解剖学的観察 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1.Honey Dewメロンの果実の表面に現われる疣状突起を人為的に起させ,その発生経過を観察すると共に解剖学的に追求した.2.若い果実の表皮に軽い摩擦処理を施し室内においたものには,処理後2日において暗色の斑点を生じた.これは栽培中に生じた疣状突起の初期の変化と同様であつた.3.処理果を湿室に入れると斑点はできなかつた.4.暗色に変つた部分は表皮下0.5〜0.8mm位の深さの組織は水浸状を呈していた.これが斑点の原因である.5.斑点部においては表皮下に木化細胞が現れるが,その現われ方は最初斑点部の各所に独立的に発生して出来た木化細胞群が,拡大によつて癒合し複雑な形態をとるようになる.6.木化は損傷を受けた毛茸の基部より起こり,主としてHypodermisの最外層に拡がるが数層に及ぶ団塊状をなすこともある.7.斑点部は果実が完熟するまで発達し疣状突起となるが,よく発達した突起部の先端にはコルク形成層が作られ,コルクを表面に増生する.8.結局,メロンの疣状突起は果実の毛茸の損害が直接原因であり,これに空中湿度等が関係して起るものと思われる。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MasudaTadao en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Tadao kn-aut-name=益田忠雄 kn-aut-sei=益田 kn-aut-mei=忠雄 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayashiKiyoshi en-aut-sei=Hayashi en-aut-mei=Kiyoshi kn-aut-name=林清史 kn-aut-sei=林 kn-aut-mei=清史 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=88 end-page=95 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=1958 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on Economical Meaning of Agricultural Mechanization. : I. On Meaning of Agricultural Machine. kn-title=農業機械化の経済的意義に関する研究 (第1報)農業機械の意義について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In studying economical aspects of the agricultural mechanization, it has become necessary to define the economical meaning of machine or the agricultural one in the farm management. In the field of economics, the definition which was given to machine by K. Marx in Das Kapital Bd. I. has been accepted by most economists ; while a number of previous workers have expressed their opinions about the agricultural machine. Consulting these suggesive and instructive opinions, the present writer may define the meaning of the agricultural tools or implements and machines. This is of importance for the study of the agricultural mechnization in Japan. It is almost impossible for farmers, to increase their labor efficiency with mere tools or implements, though always with a horse or cattle. It is only by the use of machines that farmers can increase thier labor efficiency, because while tools or implements can only strengthen human powers, machines work essencially in place of human activities, the function of which is so greatly different from those of tools in quantity and accordingly in quality. In this sense, the agricultural innovations through the introduction of machines, will have a deep and wide influence upon not only the farm management but also upon the farming life in general. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FukudaMinoru en-aut-sei=Fukuda en-aut-mei=Minoru kn-aut-name=福田稔 kn-aut-sei=福田 kn-aut-mei=稔 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=農業機械化 kn-keyword=農業機械化 en-keyword=経済的意義 kn-keyword=経済的意義 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=6 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=1958 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Considerations on the Frequency Distribution of Resistability of Insects to Abnormally High Temperature and Relative Deviation of Variation 1/k2b2m2 kn-title=昆虫の高温に対する抵抗性の頻度分布及び比較撒布度1/k2b2m2に関する考察 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=本論文は高温に対する昆虫の抵抗性が時間に対して正規分布するのではなくて,xkのkが温度に対して幾何級数的に変化するxk正規分布であるということを直接的実験によつて確かめ,kの異なる場合の殺虫能率の比較を容易にする為の1つの指数として比較撒布度1/k2b2m2の由来を考察したものである。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KiyokuMasao en-aut-sei=Kiyoku en-aut-mei=Masao kn-aut-name=清久正夫 kn-aut-sei=清久 kn-aut-mei=正夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=7 end-page=14 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=1958 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=On the Partial Autumn Emergence of the Far Eastern Urticating Moth, Euproctis flava BREMER (Lepi., Lymantriidae). kn-title=秋羽化ドクガの経過について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=秋羽化ドクガの出現経路に関し,従来不明であつたが,飼育中に観察し得た3例に基づき,次ぎの如く考える.ドクガは2令より越冬まで,活動しつゝある休眠状態にあるものとみられ,越冬状態によつて,その休眠は破られて,発育相に転じ,飛躍的な成長をなして,羽化にいたる.秋羽化ドクガは8〜9月の頃,この休眠期にある幼虫の第III型幼虫期に突然,未知の原因で休眠が破れることによつて発育相に転じ,越冬後に行われるのと全く同じ成長様式で,10月に羽化に到るものである.秋羽化の出現は少く,成虫は普通のものよりやゝ小さい.秋羽化の成虫に由来する卵は,卵越冬となると推定される。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KoizumiKenji en-aut-sei=Koizumi en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=小泉憲治 kn-aut-sei=小泉 kn-aut-mei=憲治 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=15 end-page=28 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=1958 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Chemical Composition and Quality of Silage. : IV. On the Ammoniacal Nitrogen Content and Quality. kn-title=エンシレージの成分と品質に関する研究 (第4報)アンモニヤ態窒素含量と品質について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In order to find the relationship between the quality of silage and its constituents, especially ammonia nitrogen content, samples of silage obtained from dairyfarms at Tsuyama city, Okayama prefecture in Japan, were analyzed. In each sample, the moisture content, total nitrogen, and ammonia nitrogen as well as pH value were determined by the usual method. The following are some of the results obtained: It was found that the mean value of the dry matter of these samples was 21.61 ± 4.90 per cent. The mean value of ammonia nitrogen content was 334.4 ± 170.5mg per cent. A significant negative correlation, γ=-0.615, was found between the pH value and the lactic acid content (p<0.001). Significant positive correlations were found between the pH value and the ammonia nitrogen content of the silages; and they are shown in the following table: The regression equation was y=11.27 x-33.43, where x=pH value and y=ammonia nitrogen in per cent. of total nitrogen. It was found that the ammonia nitrogen in per cent. of the total nitrogen was an important, if not the sole, criterion for deciding the quality of silage. The results of pH measurements with Toyoroshi pH-test paper were compared with those obtained with Iio's glass electrode pH-meter. The application of pH-test paper for the estimation of pH value of silage seems to give significantly lower values than that of the pH-meter (Difference 0.1 ; p<0.001). The results of estimation of moisture in silages by means of an oven-drying method were compared with those obtained with the distillation method. The results obtained by the former method were always higher than those by the latter method. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SutohHiroshi en-aut-sei=Sutoh en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=須藤浩 kn-aut-sei=須藤 kn-aut-mei=浩 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=UchidaSenji en-aut-sei=Uchida en-aut-mei=Senji kn-aut-name=内田仙二 kn-aut-sei=内田 kn-aut-mei=仙二 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=29 end-page=35 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=1958 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=On the quality of raw milk utilized in Okayama prefacture. : Chemical components. kn-title=岡山県の原料乳について 化学的組成の部 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Chemical investigation of milk which had been consumed in Okayama prefacture from Agust in 1956 to June 1957 has been done. About 170 samples were collected at 10 regions (A-J in Fig. 1), and pH, titratable acidity, fat content by Gerber method, protein content by Kjedahl method, lactose content by Lane-Eynone method and milk solid of them were determined. Results obtained are summarised as follows; 1) The great part of samples were within the range of 3.20〜3.70% of fat, 2.60〜3.30% of protein, 4.10〜4.40% of lactose, and 0.13〜0.16% of acidity, respectively. On the average of them, the fat content was higher than that of whole land and the lactose content was slightly lower. 2) In summer, the decrease of protein content was remarkedly but the fat content was even in all seasons. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ImamuraTsuneaki en-aut-sei=Imamura en-aut-mei=Tsuneaki kn-aut-name=今村経明 kn-aut-sei=今村 kn-aut-mei=経明 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KataokaKei en-aut-sei=Kataoka en-aut-mei=Kei kn-aut-name=片岡啓 kn-aut-sei=片岡 kn-aut-mei=啓 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiKiyoshi en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Kiyoshi kn-aut-name=鈴木聖 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=聖 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagaoHiroshi en-aut-sei=Nagao en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=長尾寛 kn-aut-sei=長尾 kn-aut-mei=寛 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山県衛生研究所 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山県衛生研究所 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=37 end-page=41 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=1958 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=On the quality of raw milk utilized in Okayama prefacture. : Bacterial count. kn-title=岡山県の原料乳について 細菌数の部 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Bacterial investigation has been performed as the previous report. Coli form bacteria was determined by positive Presumptive test with desoxycholate agar. Total bacterial count was represented with individual count (IMC) and clump count (CMC) by direct microscopic method. The ratio of IMC/CMC was calculated to obtained some knowledges of bacterial growth. As the results, it was ascertained that the bacterial count of these samples and the contamination of coli form bacteria were remarkedly. Milk temperature was almost equal to the atmospheric temperature. From this, we concluded that the cooling of milk, especially at farmers, was important to improve the bacteriological quality of milk at this area. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ImamuraTsuneaki en-aut-sei=Imamura en-aut-mei=Tsuneaki kn-aut-name=今村経明 kn-aut-sei=今村 kn-aut-mei=経明 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KataokaKei en-aut-sei=Kataoka en-aut-mei=Kei kn-aut-name=片岡啓 kn-aut-sei=片岡 kn-aut-mei=啓 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiKiyoshi en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Kiyoshi kn-aut-name=鈴木聖 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=聖 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagaoHiroshi en-aut-sei=Nagao en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=長尾寛 kn-aut-sei=長尾 kn-aut-mei=寛 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山県衛生研究所 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山県衛生研究所 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=43 end-page=53 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=1958 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on Economic Meaning of Agricultural Mechanization. : II. On Productivity of Agricultural Machine. kn-title=農業機械化の経済的意義に関する研究 (第2報)農業機械化の経済性について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The major objective of this study was to explore the economic usefullness of agricultural machine. For this objective, it seems reasonable that, to begine with, the specific feature of family farm should be defined. Family farm is a complete economic unit by itself in which business and household are interwined with production and consumption. Although farm management has been mentioned as a unit of firm-business, it has not been an independent unit but an interdependent unit. On the interdependence between a business firm and a consuming household, Dr E. O. Heady and his collaborators have represented excellent works. It is their fundamental view that the family farm pursues as a final goal a high level of living and a maximum satisfaction for family. On grounds of their theories, the writer hopes to analyse the effect of mechanization on the farmer's living. In fig. 4〜6, the writer has indicated monetary income and consumption on the vertical axis, and non-monetary income and consumption on the horizontal axis. The curve mn means the production opportunity with limited resources and unchanged farming. The curve ID stands for the consumer indifference curves which illastrate individual's preference between monetary and non-monetary income at one point in time. Thus, the results obtained are summerised as follows: (1) When monetary income is decreased by the effect of mechanization, it does not necessary follow that the satisfaction of farm family decreases. If added non-monetary income is more than enonuh to compensate the loss of amount of money income, the farm family naturally obtain more satisfaction than before. (See fig. 4) (2) When monetary income is unchanged after mechanization occured, satisfaction of family will increase. (See fig. 5) (3) When monetary income is increased by the effect of mechanization, the satisfaction of family will increase. But the satisfaction of family will decrease, if excessive intensification or over-diversified farming sacrifice more non-monetary income than expected to the added money income. (See fig. 6) After the war, agricultural mechanization in Japan has developed rapidly. We can more easily understand the cause of this developement from our theory. In the study of the productivity of agricultural machine, it may be necessary to analyse this problem not only from the aspect of firm business but also from the aspect of firm-household interdependency. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FukudaMinoru en-aut-sei=Fukuda en-aut-mei=Minoru kn-aut-name=福田稔 kn-aut-sei=福田 kn-aut-mei=稔 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=農業機械化 kn-keyword=農業機械化 en-keyword=経済性 kn-keyword=経済性 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=15 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=1959 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=An Example of Damage on Wheat Caused by Low Temperatures in the Spring of 1958. kn-title=小麦の春季凍害の一事例 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=(1)本調査は昭和33年3月29〜31日の3日間にわたり,最低-3.8℃(31日)に及ぶ0℃以下の当時としては異常な低温に数時間ずつ遭遇したことによつて,早播の小麦農林52号に収量半減に及ぶ甚大な被害を蒙つたが,この被害様相につき調査を行つた.(2)凍死幼穂の長さは2cm以下のものが約76%の過半を占め,そのうち数mm内外から1cm以下のものが42%を占めた.(3)この凍害による芯枯茎では,その茎の基部の葉鞘を取除いて伸長節間を調べると,地表面に現われた最初の節間に凍害の表徴が現われる.その表徴の甚しいものは,この1節間のみが黒褐色に変じて枯凋し,軽度のものは変色はしないがチリメン状のしわを生じて萎凋している.(4)凍害を受けて変色枯凋した被害の甚しい節間部は,その表皮下の同化組織は自滅して空腔となり,厚膜組織が褐変萎凋し,被害軽度のものは組織の変色は見られないが被害状況は同様である.ただし維管束には異常がみられず,養水分の通導にはほとんど支障が認められないことは,色素液を自由に通導することによつて判明した.この事実は芯枯茎の枯死への移行がきわめて緩慢であることの理由となり,また幼穂が凍死を免れている場合は,節間に甚しい凍害を受けていてもその上部の節間は伸長し,正常な穂が出穂してくる理由となる.(5)健全茎では下位の節間長に比してその直上の節間長が長いが,芯枯茎では被害節間長に対してその直上の節間部は必ず短縮している.これは凍害をうけても被害節間部より上の節に移つていた生長点の機能が残存したため,一方養水分の通導は阻害されないので,緩慢かつ不完全ながら順次伸長してこのような様相を示したものと考えられる.(6)芯枯によつて生育体系が攪乱せられ,無効分けつの有効化,分けつの遅発が続き,芯枯茎を含む総茎数はむしろ増したが,稈長,穂長,穂重に大幅な変異を生じ,出穂期,成熟期の明確な判定を下せないような生育様相を示した.(7)この事例では収量は半減,千粒重の低下,品質悪化の損害をもたらした。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakegamiShizuo en-aut-sei=Takegami en-aut-mei=Shizuo kn-aut-name=竹上静夫 kn-aut-sei=竹上 kn-aut-mei=静夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkamatsuSeiichi en-aut-sei=Akamatsu en-aut-mei=Seiichi kn-aut-name=赤松誠一 kn-aut-sei=赤松 kn-aut-mei=誠一 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SasaiKazuo en-aut-sei=Sasai en-aut-mei=Kazuo kn-aut-name=笹井一男 kn-aut-sei=笹井 kn-aut-mei=一男 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=17 end-page=25 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=1959 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on Wild Mint which grows in Okayama Prefecture and its Vicinity. : I. A Clone Collected in the Suburbs of Hukuyama-city and its Induced Tetraploid Plant. kn-title=岡山県並びにその附近の野生薄荷に関する研究 (第1報)福山市附近で採集した一栄養系とその人為4倍体について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=〔57〕は福山地方で採集した野生薄荷の一栄養系である.本栄養系は先に東京大学原寛氏によつてMentha. arvensis×M. spicataの自然交雑に由来するM. gentilisの1変種,M. gentilis L. var. cardiaca BRIQ.と認定された.その外部形態は筆者等がその後育成した日本薄荷(M. arvensis L. var. piperascens MAL.)とオランダハツカ(M. spicata L. var. crispa BENTH.)との人工交雑によつて得たF1や日本薄荷とM. spicata L.との人工交雑によつて得たF1と酷似している.染色体数は2n=72で,前記F1と同じである.又共に完全不稔で種子を全く生ぜず,又精油の物理化学的性質や化学的成分も類似する.併し〔57〕が欧州から導入されたgentilisそのものとは考えがたい.恐らくそれとは独立に我が国においてM. arversis×M. spicataによつて生じたもので,欧州のgentilisに相当する自然交雑種であろう.而して採集地広島県福山地方に栽培される日本薄荷や,野生するオランダハツカ等が可能性のある両親と推定される.併し〔57〕は前記人工交雑種F1とちがつてPMCのMIに於て,4価,2価及び1価染色体を生じ複雑な染色体対合を示す.従つて単なるF1とは異なり,交雑の際又はその後に一部染色体の消失とか或は重複という様な複雑な過程を経て現在に至つたものと考えられる.〔57〕の人為4倍体〔C157〕は2n=144,形質は〔57〕に似ているが,倍数体の形態的,生理的諸特性を具えている.PMCのMIにおける染色体の対合は〔57〕より一層複雑である.一般の高次倍数体の場合と同様,多価接合は起り難いようで,8価染色体は現れず,4価染色体も期待程多くない.MIには4価染色体や2価染色体の外に約12の3価染色体とほぼ同数の1価染色体とが観察される.これらは4価を生ずべき相同染色体が,3価染色体と1価染色体とに分れたものと推定される.この状態で数的にも略安定した立場を示し,通常期待出来る4価と2価とにならない理由は分らないが,多価対合が出来難いという事実を示嗟するものではある.〔C157〕は放任受粉で若干の種子を生ずる.このような稔性の回復は複2倍体の特性であり,この点からも〔57〕の雑種性が証明せられる。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UdoSeiroku en-aut-sei=Udo en-aut-mei=Seiroku kn-aut-name=宇渡清六 kn-aut-sei=宇渡 kn-aut-mei=清六 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkedaNagamori en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Nagamori kn-aut-name=池田長守 kn-aut-sei=池田 kn-aut-mei=長守 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=27 end-page=36 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=1959 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Quantitative Theories on the Lethal Effect of High Temperature upon Insects kn-title=高温の殺虫効果の数量的法則 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1.高温の死亡率の温度及び時間に対する分布型から温度と時間の関係をあらわす公式を理論的に導びいた.その結果比較的狭い温度範囲でX1=A/XB2が得られた.2.広い温度範囲にわたるときは上記の式のA,B常数の異なつたものを用うればよいがやや複雑になるので統一された式を案出した.3.それは上記の式の反応速度を示す恒数Bの変化の特徴を考慮したX1=A1(X-m)-1+A2(X2-m)-2+A3(X2-m)-3+A4(X2-m)-4のような多項式である.但し式中mは有害作用を呈する臨界温度である.4.高温に対する抵抗の比較撒布度は温度如何で変化するのでその様相を示す公式を示した.それは1種の垂曲線式で,U=m/2[a-(X-t)+b(X-t)]であつた。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KiyokuMasao en-aut-sei=Kiyoku en-aut-mei=Masao kn-aut-name=清久正夫 kn-aut-sei=清久 kn-aut-mei=正夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=37 end-page=45 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=1959 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=ツマグロヨコバイに寄生する4種のアタマアブについて kn-title=On Four Dorilaid Parasites of the Green Rice Leafhopper, Nephotettix cincticeps Uhler. (Diptera) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Of recent years the population density of the rice green leafhopper in paddy-fields has increased. One of the reasons of this increase is said to be the result of the decrease of the natural enemies of this hopper owing to the wide application of insecticide in the paddy-fields. And so the more informations concerning in the natural enemies of this hopper are needed. Up to now, following natural enemies of this hopper has been listed from Japan. Among these, Nos. 3, 8, 10, 14 and 17 are said to be most useful for the check of this hopper. On the parasitic Dorilaidae, there has been no further informations since the valuable paper of Esaki and Hashimoto (1937). Thus the members of this family have long been throughly neglected. But these flies no doubt play a very important part in helping to keep this pest in check, juding from the high percentage of parasitism found in the data of the hoppers disected and the abundance of hovering adult flies in the paddy-fields. In this paper, four species of the Dorilaid fly reared from the green rice leafhopper are described, of which three are new to the science and one is new to the fauna of Japan- Ecological items and about immature stages of these flies will be given in the forthcoming Series of paper. Before going further, I wish to express my sincer gratitude to the entomologists mentioned below for the loan of materials ; Dr. S. Ito of the College of Agriculture, University of Osaka Prefecture, Messrs. H.Hasegawa and N. Fukuhara of the National Institute of Agric. Sciences, Tokyo and Mr. A.Tsuboi of the Okayama Agric. Exp. Station. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KoizumiKenji en-aut-sei=Koizumi en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=小泉憲治 kn-aut-sei=小泉 kn-aut-mei=憲治 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=47 end-page=55 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=1959 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Mineral Translocation and Deposition of Forest Trees by the Spectrochemical Analysis. : II. On the Deposition of Mineral Elements in Roots and Leaves of Sugi (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) cultured in Several Conditions. kn-title=発光分光分析による林木の灰分代謝の研究 (第2報)異なった条件下で栽培されたスギの葉及び根における無機元素の集積について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this report, the deposition of mineral elements in roots and leaves of Sugi (Chtryptomeria japonica D. Dan) were qualitatively and quantitatively determined by the spectrochemical analysis. The samples were cultured in several conditions : (I) in nursery soil; (II) hydroponics; and (III) Okayama municipal service water. We used two methods which were dry-ashing process and wet-ashing process, as the treatment of samples in qualitative analysis, in the former samples were ashed at temperature lowered to 450℃ in an electric muffle furnace and in the latter samples were treated with H2SO4+HNO3, supplemented by ε0％ HClO4. In quantitative analysis we used only dry-ashing samples so far and have determined elements such as Boron, Calcium, Manganese, Magnesium, and Phosphorus by internal standard method, using Cadmium as the internal standard element and pure carbon powder as spectroscopic buffer. The conditions of sparking and photographing and the composition of standard samples are listed in Table 4 and 6. The results of quantitative analysis are shown in Table 7 and 8, and it may be summarized as follows : 1) The amounts of five elements contained withi nleaves and roots were mentione d below; Ca>Mg>P>Mn>B. 2) The amounts of mineral elements were different with culture conditions I, II and III; Leaves…I>II>III Roots (B, Mn, Mg and P)…I>II>III 3) The deposition of mineral elements in nursery cultured samples were larger in leaves than roots, but water cultured samples were a little different between leaves and roots. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KuroyanagiShigeru en-aut-sei=Kuroyanagi en-aut-mei=Shigeru kn-aut-name=畔柳鎮 kn-aut-sei=畔柳 kn-aut-mei=鎮 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshikawaTatsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Ishikawa en-aut-mei=Tatsuyoshi kn-aut-name=石川達芳 kn-aut-sei=石川 kn-aut-mei=達芳 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=57 end-page=62 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=1959 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Effect of Day Length on Growth and Root Formation of Dahlia. : I. When subjected to Short Day Treatment in Summer. kn-title=日長時間の長短がDahliaの生育及び球根の収量に及ぼす影響について (第1報)夏に於ける短日の影響 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=ダリヤを短日処理することによつて開花の状態,地上部の生育,特に地下部(球根)の生育が如何なる影響を受けるかを知ろうとして,1958年の春から夏にかけて実験を行つた.実験に用いた品種は中輪デコラチーブ咲の"花笠"という切花用のもので,短日処理の設計は次のようであつた.7時間日長区午前10時より午後5時まで浴光10時間日長区午前7時より午後5時まで浴光13時間日長区午前6時より午後7時まで浴光標準区自然日照のまま1区当りの球根数は12個,1球の重量は平均して100gのものを用いた.定植は4月15日で,遮光期間は6月1日より7月31日の2ヵ月とした.9月1日に圃場の全球根を掘上げ,9月6日より調査を行つた結果は次の通りであつた.1.9月1日までの総開花数は13時間区が最大で7時間区が最も少なかつたが,草丈と節数は各区とも大差がない.2.掘上げた根の重さの平均は10時間区,7時間区,標準区,13時間区の順に小さくなるが,球根が地上部の風乾重に対する比率では10時間と7時間の両区がはるかに大きく,13時間及び標準区は小さい.3.球根とならなかつた繊維根の数量及び重量は日照時間の少ない区ほど少なく,日照時間ののびるに従つて大となる.4.新球根の数は日長処理の時間数と特別関係はないようである.これは何か他の原因によるのではなかろうか。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YasudaIsao en-aut-sei=Yasuda en-aut-mei=Isao kn-aut-name=安田勳 kn-aut-sei=安田 kn-aut-mei=勳 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YokoyamaNiro en-aut-sei=Yokoyama en-aut-mei=Niro kn-aut-name=横山二郎 kn-aut-sei=横山 kn-aut-mei=二郎 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=日長時間 kn-keyword=日長時間 en-keyword=Dahlia kn-keyword=Dahlia en-keyword=球根 kn-keyword=球根 en-keyword=生育 kn-keyword=生育 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=63 end-page=67 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=1959 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Raw Milk utilized in Okayama Prefecture. : The Milk-solids Calculating Formula. kn-title=岡山県の原料乳について 乳固形分算定式の検討 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Statistical investigations of various milk-solids calculating formulas had been performed with 228 samples of Holstein's milk during June in 1956 to Dec. in 1958. The specific gravities and fat contents of them lowered slightly in summar, but their SNF contents decreased remarkedly in the season. Then, significant difference was also observed in summar between the calculated and determined milk-solids contents. This fact was resulted from the lowering of SNF content, so the use of correcting factor was neccessary to obtained better results. Similar results were observed in October's samples. There were no significant differences in the chemical components of milks colected from the older, pre-war, experienced farmers and unaccustomed new ones. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ImamuraTsuneaki en-aut-sei=Imamura en-aut-mei=Tsuneaki kn-aut-name=今村経明 kn-aut-sei=今村 kn-aut-mei=経明 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KataokaKei en-aut-sei=Kataoka en-aut-mei=Kei kn-aut-name=片岡啓 kn-aut-sei=片岡 kn-aut-mei=啓 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanoKeiichi en-aut-sei=Kano en-aut-mei=Keiichi kn-aut-name=加納奎一 kn-aut-sei=加納 kn-aut-mei=奎一 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiKiyoshi en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Kiyoshi kn-aut-name=鈴木聖 kn-aut-sei=鈴木 kn-aut-mei=聖 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山県衛生研究所 en-keyword=原料乳 kn-keyword=原料乳 en-keyword=乳固形分算定式 kn-keyword=乳固形分算定式 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=69 end-page=73 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=1959 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Milk-Secretion Studies With Corriedale Ewes : II. On the Composition of Corriedale Ewe's Milk kn-title=コリデール種牝緬羊の泌乳に関する研究 (第2報)牝緬羊の乳の組成について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This work was undertaken to investigate changes in milk constituents of Japanese Corriedale ewes during 3 months of lactation after lambing, analysing their milk composition. The sheep tested were 7 Corriedale ewes of 3 years of age kept at the Chugoku Stock Breeding Farm of the Department of Agriculture and Forestry and the milk samples for analysis of the composition of ewes' milk were taken by hand milking on the next day of lambing and at 10-day intervals during 3 months after lambing. The results obtained were as follows: (1) Fat-, protein-, ash-percentage, Sp. gr. and acidity of ewes' colostrum showed considerably higher values than those of normal milk, but only percentage of lactose a lower value. (2) Sp. gr., acidity and percentage of protein of ewes' milk had tendencies of gradual increase, while percentages of fat and lactose decreasing tendencies and percentage of ash remained constant in course of 3 months' lactation. (3) It seems that protein percentage in ewes' milk is inversely proportional to their milk yield, but no definite relations of each between milk yield and percentages of fat, lactose and ash exist. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SugaiKazuo en-aut-sei=Sugai en-aut-mei=Kazuo kn-aut-name=菅井一男 kn-aut-sei=菅井 kn-aut-mei=一男 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuramotoKazushige en-aut-sei=Kuramoto en-aut-mei=Kazushige kn-aut-name=蔵本和成 kn-aut-sei=蔵本 kn-aut-mei=和成 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=コリデール種牝緬羊 kn-keyword=コリデール種牝緬羊 en-keyword=泌乳 kn-keyword=泌乳 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=75 end-page=84 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=1959 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the factors determining the quality of silage. kn-title=エンシレージの品質を支配する因子に関する研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Analyzing the samples of silage obtained from dairyfarms in different districts of Japan and from the laboratory, the author investigated into factors that determine the quality of silage; and the results obtained on the quality of silage in various positions in a silo, the change of quality after the removal of silage from a silo, the relationship between the pH value and the ammoniac nitrogen content, and also the result of appraisal of silage by means of FLIEG'S method are described in this paper. The results are summarized as follows: (1) It is rarely possible to state that the quality of silage is always homogeneous throughout in a silo from the upper to the bottom layers, not to speak of the surface spoilage. On the average, the pH value of silage in the middle portion is lower than that in the outer, although it cannot be stated that the difference is always significant. (2) In winter season, the change of quality of silage is rather little within about a week after the removal of silage from a silo, if the silage is preserved without exposure to air. It is suggested therefore that an amount of silage for a few days use may be removed at a time for the purpose of labor-saving. (3) A significant positive correlation, γ=+0.603, was found between the pH value and the ammonia nitrogen content (p<0.001). (4) Examples of the results of the appraisal by means of FLIEG's method are presented in Table 9. A significant positive correlation has been found between the results of appraisals by means of FLIEG'S method and those obtained by GNEIST'S. When the two series of results of evaluation were different, the values obtained by FLIEG'S method were slightly higher than those by GNEIST'S. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SutohHiroshi en-aut-sei=Sutoh en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=須藤浩 kn-aut-sei=須藤 kn-aut-mei=浩 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=85 end-page=91 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=1959 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=PAM (2-pyridine Aldoxime Methiodide) Therapy and its Preventive Effect for Alkylphosphate Poisoning of Fowl. kn-title=鶏のParathion中毒に対するPAM(2-pyridine Aldoxime Methiodide)の治療及び予防効果 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Formerly, atropine was used as an antidote for alkylposphate poisoning. And in 1955 I. B. WILSON suggested PAM (2-pyridine aldoxime methiodide) as a specific antidote for alkylphosphate poisoning. In 1956 K. HIRAKI et al. introduced PAM in Japan. Since that time, the PAM therapy for alkylphosphate poisoning has been widely practised in this country. In recent years, as the fowls were frequently subjected to alkylphosphate poisoning in Okayama district, we had investigated therapeutic and preventive effects of PAM for alkylphosphate poisoning of fowl. The alkylphosphate used in this experiment was parathion (diethyl p-nitrophenyl thiophosphate) and the method we employed for determining the cholinesterase activity of serum was MICHEL's method. Hens and chickens of White Leghorn, Barred Plymouth Rock and Rock Horn were used in this experiment. The results we obtained were as follows. 1. The lethal doses of parathion for fowl were 4-6 mg/kg in chichen and 10 mg/kg in hen. 2. With intravenous injection of 100 mg/kg of PAM, within 20 minutes after oral LD of parathion, conditions of fowls remarkably recovered compared with controls. The administrations of PAM of same quantity were more effective when they were divided into two or three doses. Alkylphosphate poisoning caused no retained disturbance sin recovered chickens of which ovary not yet developed. 3. In the case of laying hens, even if PAM administration prevents them from death, they lose their economical value. Because, PAM cannot prevent hemorrhage in the ovary and ruptured yolk caused by the poisoning, and so poisoned hens cease the egg laying for following two or three months. 4. As a effective period of time of intravenously injected PAM is only one hour or so, we cannot expect too much of the preventive effect of PAM for alkylphosphate poisoning of fowl in the fields. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HoriSatoshi en-aut-sei=Hori en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name=堀慧 kn-aut-sei=堀 kn-aut-mei=慧 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToriumiToru en-aut-sei=Toriumi en-aut-mei=Toru kn-aut-name=鳥海徹 kn-aut-sei=鳥海 kn-aut-mei=徹 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanabeAkira en-aut-sei=Tanabe en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=田辺昭 kn-aut-sei=田辺 kn-aut-mei=昭 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SekibaNarioki en-aut-sei=Sekiba en-aut-mei=Narioki kn-aut-name=関場成興 kn-aut-sei=関場 kn-aut-mei=成興 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=鶏 kn-keyword=鶏 en-keyword=Parathion中毒 kn-keyword=Parathion中毒 en-keyword=PAM kn-keyword=PAM END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=5 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=1959 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Modification in Biotic Potential of Insects surviving exposure to an Insecticide kn-title=殺虫剤で処理して生き残った昆虫の繁殖能力の変化 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=殺虫剤で処理して生き残つた昆虫の其の後の繁殖能力,特に1雌の産卵数,性比,卵より成虫までの間の生育率及び体重がどの様に変動するかをアズキゾウムシCallosobruchus chinensisに対するエンドリン乳剤の効果によつて実験的に確かめた. (1)処理された成虫の1雌の産卵数は対照に比して1般に少ない.然し処理された雄を正常の雌に配した場合では逆に多い. (2)処理された雌雄から生まれたF1の卵から成虫までの間の生育率は対照と余り差がないが正常な雌に処理された雄を配した場合のそれは低い. (3)上記F1の性比は0.45以下であつて雄の割合が多い. (4)その1雌当り産卵数は25%増加する.又その体重も重い. (5)F1代に於いて産卵数が多く,性比が雄の割合が多く,成虫の体重が重いという状態はF2以下では消失する。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KiyokuMasao en-aut-sei=Kiyoku en-aut-mei=Masao kn-aut-name=清久正夫 kn-aut-sei=清久 kn-aut-mei=正夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TamakiHajime en-aut-sei=Tamaki en-aut-mei=Hajime kn-aut-name=玉木元 kn-aut-sei=玉木 kn-aut-mei=元 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=田辺製薬株式会社大阪研究所 en-keyword=殺虫剤 kn-keyword=殺虫剤 en-keyword=繁殖能力 kn-keyword=繁殖能力 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=7 end-page=18 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=1959 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Biology and Control of Cutworms. : I. Cutworm Faunal Compositions in the Tobacco Field at the Planting Season in Okayama Prefecture. kn-title=ネキリムシ類の生態と防除に関する研究 (第1報) 岡山県下のタバコ移植期圃場におけるネキリムシ類の種類構成 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=岡山県下のタバコ移植期頃の圃場にいるネキリムシは,カブラヤガ,オオカブラヤガ及びタマナヤガの3種であつて,3種とも県下一帯にいる.県下の各環境の100地点より集められた総計3,759個のネキリムシ幼虫標本の71.0%はカブラヤガで,19.9%がオオカブラヤガ,9.1%がタマナヤガであつた.いずれの地にも見出され,個体数も多いのはカブラヤガであつて,これに少数のオオカブラヤガやタマナヤガが混じて見出だされると云う状態が普通であるが,県北の5月の備中葉地帯では,カブラヤガよりもオオカブラヤガの方が多く,いずれの地でもタマナヤガは少ない。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KoizumiKenji en-aut-sei=Koizumi en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=小泉憲治 kn-aut-sei=小泉 kn-aut-mei=憲治 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KiyokuMasao en-aut-sei=Kiyoku en-aut-mei=Masao kn-aut-name=清久正夫 kn-aut-sei=清久 kn-aut-mei=正夫 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=ネキリムシ類 kn-keyword=ネキリムシ類 en-keyword=タバコ移植期圃場 kn-keyword=タバコ移植期圃場 en-keyword=防除 kn-keyword=防除 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=19 end-page=32 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=1959 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on Economical Meaning of Mechanization of Agriculture. : III. On effects of Mechanization and Farm Size on Working Processes of Rice Production. kn-title=農業機械化の経済的意義に関する研究 (第3報) 水稲作労働行程に及ぼす機械化と経営規模の影響について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=One of the biggest changes of agriculture in Japan after the war, has been the mechanization of farm operations. Several kinds of small tillers, worked by kerosene engine, have gradually become popular implements of our farms. Therefore, the present writer wants to analize the changes of labor management that appears to be influenced by the mechanization. But it was difficult to take out the pure effects of machines out of the actual farm managements, for they are the farthest from being able to be treated in the laboratory experiment. When we come to survey the actual farm managements, we often come across the phenomena in which the effects of many factors are intertwined. We can not differenciate them clearly. Then, we asked the Okayama Statistical Office of Agriculture and Forestry Department to allow us to use the basic data for the survey of rice production cost. Even though the data are not always suitable for our purpose, they seem to be the best that are available. Rearranging this basic data for our purpose, we could classify the surveyed farms into three groups which are selected throughout the Okayama Prefecture. According to this classification, there are three types of farm groups; the first (A, A1 and A2) is the large scale farms which are possesed of a small tiller, the second (B, B1 and B2) is the small scale farms which are not possesed of a small tiller but hire it; and the third (C, C1 and C2) is the small or medium scale farms which neither are possesed of nor hire a small tiller. Analyzing the differences among these farm groups, we can find the following trends. (See table 1-7) 1) Speaking on the differences of farm scale among three groups, A groups (A, A1 and A2) are larger than any other groups. 2) Speaking on the differences of commercial crops production among three groups, A groups are most devoted to them and the farms of B groups (B, B1 and B2) are usually the part-time ones. 3) As far as total. working hour for rice production per unit area is concerned, A groups are the least one of these three groups but the differences of working hour among them are relatively slight. 4) The working hour of woman as a family member is shorter in A groups than in other groups. The working hour of hired men, however, is longer in A groups than in other groups. It seems to express that the changes of operater's role in family farm have been affected by mechanization. 5) It is certain that the farms of A groups have the convenient machines and save their labor, but only a few kinds of operations for rice production are practiced by mechanical method and most parts of this operations are practiced by hand method. Therefore, even the farmers of A groups still have to do many hand work for his farm management and sometimes they devote intensive hand practice to their rice production. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FukudaMinoru en-aut-sei=Fukuda en-aut-mei=Minoru kn-aut-name=福田稔 kn-aut-sei=福田 kn-aut-mei=稔 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=農業機械化 kn-keyword=農業機械化 en-keyword=経済的意義 kn-keyword=経済的意義 en-keyword=水稲作労働行程 kn-keyword=水稲作労働行程 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=33 end-page=44 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=1959 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Chemical Composition of Glasshouse Vine Soils, with Special Reference to the Accumulation of Excess Soluble Salts in the Soils. : I. On the Characteristics of the Chemical Composition of Glasshouse Vine Soils. kn-title=葡萄硝子室土壤の化学的組成,とくに可溶性塩類の異常集積に関する研究 (第1報) 葡萄硝子室土壤の化学的組成の特徴について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=There are several problems with respect to soil managements of glasshouse vineyard. It has been recognized that the vine cultivated in glasshouse grows weak very faster than that cultivated in field. It may be supposed that the nature of glasshouse soil should affect directly or indirectly on the growth of vine in glasshouse. The purpose of this investigation is to study the effects of soil managements on the chemical composition of glasshouse vine soils and to compare the chemical properties of these with normal arable soils in connection with the growth of vine. Surface soils (0-10 cm) and subsoils (30-40 cm) used were taken from 67 glasshouse distributed in Tsudaka-cho, Okayama Prefecture. Electrical conductivity of saturated soil extracts, pH, humus and nitrate nitrogen were determined and soluble salts of 1 : 5 soil extracts were analysed with some typical soils. The results obtained may be summarized as follows: 1) It was found that the salinity of glasshouse soils, expressed as electrical conductivity was generally high as compared to normal arable soils, ranging from 1.15 to 22.81 millimhos/cm with the surface soils and from 0.70 to 7.96 millimhos/cm with the subsoils. Of all the soil samples examined, 63% of surface soils and 22% of subsoils showed the conductivity more than 4 millimhos/cm. 2) The normally dominant salts in the extracts was calcium sulfate but nitrate, chloride and bicarbonate were relatively high also. 3) The nitrate nitrogen content was also generally high, ranging from 11 to 815 p.p.m. in surface soils and from 3 to 236 p.p.m. in subsoils. Of all the soil samples examined, 48% of surface soils and 15% of subsoils contained nitrate nitrogen more than 100 p.p.m. 4) The reaction of most soils was found neutral to slightly alkaline, in pH range of 5.8 to 7.6 with surface soils and 5.1 to 7.6 with subsoils. 5) The content of humus was generally low, ranging from 0.62 to 4.36% in surface soils and from 0.32 to 2.52% in subsoils. As it had been expected, the nature of glasshouse soil was found to have more or less the characteristics of the soils formed under the semiarid climatic conditions. On the basis of these findings, it can be concluded that the injury of vine in old glasshouse is due partly to the accumulation of soluble salts, especially sulfate and nitrate in the soils. We found that the conductivity method provided reliable estimate of salinity of soils in relation to the adverse effects of soluble salts on the plant and a modification of the Spurway technique, which had been developed by authors could be used as the rapid method for routine nitrate determination. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YonedaShigeo en-aut-sei=Yoneda en-aut-mei=Shigeo kn-aut-name=米田茂男 kn-aut-sei=米田 kn-aut-mei=茂男 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KochiTomomichi en-aut-sei=Kochi en-aut-mei=Tomomichi kn-aut-name=河内知道 kn-aut-sei=河内 kn-aut-mei=知道 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanaiMasayoshi en-aut-sei=Yanai en-aut-mei=Masayoshi kn-aut-name=柳井雅美 kn-aut-sei=柳井 kn-aut-mei=雅美 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=45 end-page=51 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=1959 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=A Microdiffusion Method for Ammonia-Nitrogen Assay and a Study on the Formol Method for Amino Acid Determination. kn-title=微量拡散法によるアンモニア態窒素の定量法並びにFormol法によるアミノ酸の定量について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1) E.J. Conwayの微量拡散法の原理を応用し,試験管利用の手製装置(第1図)によるアンモニア態窒素の定量法を考案した.平均回収率はNH3-N:5〜40γ/0.1mlに対し99.4〜100.5%であつた. 2) Formol法によるアミノ酸の定量に一検討を加え,微量拡散法と組合すことによつて, NH3-N共存下に於いてもアミノ酸の定量が可能なことを知つた.平均回収率は,NH3-N: 1〜2mg/10ml共存下に於いて,-NH2-N: 0.5〜2.5mg/10mlに対し97.0〜103.0%であつた.終りに,本実験に当り有益な助言を賜つた本学理学部中原清士助教授に謝意を表する。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KatakuraKenji en-aut-sei=Katakura en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=片倉健二 kn-aut-sei=片倉 kn-aut-mei=健二 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HatanakaChitoshi en-aut-sei=Hatanaka en-aut-mei=Chitoshi kn-aut-name=畑中千歳 kn-aut-sei=畑中 kn-aut-mei=千歳 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=微量拡散法 kn-keyword=微量拡散法 en-keyword=アンモニア態窒素 kn-keyword=アンモニア態窒素 en-keyword=Formol法 kn-keyword=Formol法 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=53 end-page=55 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=1959 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=On the Hydroxylation of Unsaturated Aliphatic Compounds. : Formation of 13,14-Dihydroxydocosan-1-ol kn-title=不飽和脂肪族化合物の水酸化について(予報) 13,14-Dihydroxydocosan-1-olの生成 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=エルシン酸エチルをBouveault et Blanc法により還元して13-docosen-1-olを合成し,これから過酷酸酸化により13,14-dihydroxydocosan-1-olを合成した.この物質の融点は89.5℃であつた。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OharaSachiko en-aut-sei=Ohara en-aut-mei=Sachiko kn-aut-name=大原幸子 kn-aut-sei=大原 kn-aut-mei=幸子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShinozakiYuichi en-aut-sei=Shinozaki en-aut-mei=Yuichi kn-aut-name=篠崎侑一 kn-aut-sei=篠崎 kn-aut-mei=侑一 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=不飽和脂肪族化合物 kn-keyword=不飽和脂肪族化合物 en-keyword=水酸化 kn-keyword=水酸化 en-keyword=3,14-Dihydroxydocosan-1-ol kn-keyword=3,14-Dihydroxydocosan-1-ol END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=57 end-page=60 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=1959 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Effects of Calcium upon Chestnuts II. (3) On the Effect of Phosphorus Fertilizer in the Case of Overlining the Soil. kn-title=栗に及ぼす石灰の影響II. (第3報) 普通栽培における石灰過剰施与と燐酸の肥効に就いて en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=(1)本実験では overlimingによるクリの生育抑制が燐の吸収減退に由来するや否やについて実証した.花崗岩風化土壌18KgとN.P.Kおのおの1g宛を入れたワグネルポットを用い,St区(標準区)とCa区(消石灰18.9gを混入)との外に,St-P区,Ca-P区などの無燐酸区, Ca区に対し2倍量又は3倍量の燐酸を施与したCa+2P区,Ca+3P区などの6区を設けた. 1ポット当り2本宛のクリの実生を5月14日から10月17日の間栽培した後掘上げて調査した. (2)クリはoverliming又は燐酸無施与による燐吸収減退によつて生育を制限されない.クリの燐要求度は小であり(標準区の風乾葉中P含量は0.106%),葉中のP含量が0.062%となつても(St-P区及びCa-P区)燐欠乏症状が見られない。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HondaNoboru en-aut-sei=Honda en-aut-mei=Noboru kn-aut-name=本多昇 kn-aut-sei=本多 kn-aut-mei=昇 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkazakiMitsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Mitsuyoshi kn-aut-name=岡崎光良 kn-aut-sei=岡崎 kn-aut-mei=光良 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=栗 kn-keyword=栗 en-keyword=石灰過剰施与 kn-keyword=石灰過剰施与 en-keyword=燐酸 kn-keyword=燐酸 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=61 end-page=69 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=1959 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Effects of Calcium upon Chestnuts. II. : (4) On the Effects of Soil Application of Calcium Materials to Soil upon Manganese Availability of Chestnut Seedlings. kn-title=栗に及ぼす石灰の影響II (第4報) 普通栽培における石灰材料施与とマンガンの消長について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=(1)本報では,クリの実生に対する数種の石灰材料の効果について,その体内栄養成分,特にMnの消長との関連において実証した.実験区としてはSt(標準)区及び1/2 Na区(18Kgの花崗岩風化土壌中に40.5gの炭酸ソーダを混入)のほかに次の6区を設けた.18Kgの土壌中に4.23gまたは9.45gの水酸化石灰を混入した1/4 OH区及び1/2 OH区と,これらに相当する石灰分の量を炭酸石灰あるいは硫酸石灰として施用した1/4 CO3区,1/2 CO3区及び1/4 SO4区,1/2 SO4区などである. (2) 1/4 SO4区及び1/2 SO4区のクリの生育は標準区のそれと差が認められないが,1/4 CO3区, 1/2 CO3区,1/4 OH区及び1/2 OH区の生育は標準区のそれよりも highly significantに劣る. (3) St区(土壌pH5.11)に比し1/4 CO3(同術H5.64)の生育量が40%減量したことについては,前者の風乾葉中のMn含量0.41%に比し0.33%(吸収減退度20%)であることがその原因である.故に前報の成績と併せてクリの好適土壌pHは4.8〜5.5と推定される. (4) St区,1/4 OH区及び1/4 CO3区の葉中Mg含量がそれぞれ0.52,0.50及び0.46%であつて,その差が僅少であるが,後の2者の生育はきわめて劣る.このことについてはMnの吸収減退が重要な因子である. (5) クリの細根,茎及び葉中のCa含量の比率はおのおの1.00:1.76:3.44で葉中に相当多いが, Mnのそれはおのおの1.00:2.32:18.64で,他の栄養素に比し特に多量に葉中に含まれている.細根に対する葉中Mnの含有比率は1/2 OH区で16.00,1/2 SO4区では23.16である. (6) 本実験にて葉中Ca含量2.20%にてもクリに害がない.クリに対すOverlimingの害は,石灰材料施与により土壌 pHの高まるためにMnの吸収量が減退することによるのである。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HondaNoboru en-aut-sei=Honda en-aut-mei=Noboru kn-aut-name=本多昇 kn-aut-sei=本多 kn-aut-mei=昇 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkazakiMitsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Mitsuyoshi kn-aut-name=岡崎光良 kn-aut-sei=岡崎 kn-aut-mei=光良 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=クリ kn-keyword=クリ en-keyword=石灰材料施与 kn-keyword=石灰材料施与 en-keyword=マンガンの消長 kn-keyword=マンガンの消長 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=71 end-page=79 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=1959 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Thickening Growth of Melon Fruits. : I. On the Honey Dew and New Melon. kn-title=メロン及び甜瓜果実の発育に関する研究 (第1報) ハネデュー種とニューメロン種について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1)本実験はメロン及び甜瓜類の果実の発育特に果肉部における細胞分裂の状態を観察するために,ハネデュー,ニューメロンの2品種を用いて行つた. 2)ハネデューにおける反曲点は謝花後5日目位にあつて,反曲点以前の方向指数αは0.215にして細胞分裂が行われておることを示し,反曲点以後のαは1.0105で細胞分裂は認められ無い.反曲点における果径(横)は29.65mm,細胞の大きさは53.09μであつた. 3)ニューメロンにおいては,反曲点は謝花後3〜4日目の間にあつて,反曲点以前の方向指数αは0.3043で細胞分裂が行われておることを示し,反曲点以後のαは0.8825で細胞分裂は行われていないものと推定出来る.反曲点における果径(横)は18.86mm,細胞の大きさは54.79μであつた. 4)ハネデューの果肉がニューメロンのそれと比較して遥かに厚いのは,ハネデューはニューメロンに比較して,果肉細胞数が多く,又細胞も大きいためである。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MasudaTadao en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Tadao kn-aut-name=益田忠雄 kn-aut-sei=益田 kn-aut-mei=忠雄 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayashiKiyoshi en-aut-sei=Hayashi en-aut-mei=Kiyoshi kn-aut-name=林清史 kn-aut-sei=林 kn-aut-mei=清史 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=メロン kn-keyword=メロン en-keyword=甜瓜果実 kn-keyword=甜瓜果実 en-keyword=ハネデュー種 kn-keyword=ハネデュー種 en-keyword=ニューメロン種 kn-keyword=ニューメロン種 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=9 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1960 dt-pub=1960 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Induced Tetraploid and Triploid Clones of Mentha rotundifolia (L.) HUD. kn-title=Mentha rotundifolia (L.) HUD. の人為4倍体ならびに人為3倍体に関する研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=人為的に,M. rotundifoliaの3倍体と4倍体とを作つた.これらは,豆大性を示し,晩化し,通常の倍数体の特性を示したが,その程度は,著るしくなかつた.本種精油の特有成分である rotundifoloneも,若干の増加を見た.花粉稔性や結実率の減少は,4倍体では僅少であつた.3倍体では著しかつたが,日本ハッカの3倍体の場合のように,零となることはなかつた. PMCのMIに,現われる多価染色体の数は,日本ハッカの場合と同様,少なかつた.3倍体rotundifoliaのPMCのMIに,原種のハプロイド組12の染色体が,同質接合出来ないことを観察して,本種は,単一ゲノムから成る基本種であると結論した。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IkedaNagamori en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Nagamori kn-aut-name=池田長守 kn-aut-sei=池田 kn-aut-mei=長守 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimizuSumio en-aut-sei=Shimizu en-aut-mei=Sumio kn-aut-name=清水純夫 kn-aut-sei=清水 kn-aut-mei=純夫 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=UdoSeiroku en-aut-sei=Udo en-aut-mei=Seiroku kn-aut-name=宇渡清六 kn-aut-sei=宇渡 kn-aut-mei=清六 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=信州大学農学部 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=11 end-page=17 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1960 dt-pub=1960 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=On the Biotic Potential of Insects surviving an Exposure to Abnormally High or Low Temperature and That of their offsprings. kn-title=異常高低温度に曝露されて後生き残った昆虫及び其の子孫の繁殖能力について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=昆虫が幼虫,蛹及び成虫の各時代に異常な高温,低温に曝露された時,処理の代(Pt)及び(F4)代までの子孫各世代の産卵数,性比,卵より成虫になるまでの間の生育率がどの様に変動するかを,アズキゾウムシ Callosobrchus chinensisを用いて実験的に確かめた.得られた結果は下記の通りである. 1.異常温度に処理される時期が,成虫,幼虫,蛹のいずれであつても,処理された成虫及び処理された区から出た成虫の産卵数はたとえ雌のみ処理された場合でも対照に比して一般に少ない,しかし雄が処理され正常の雌に配された場合はそのかぎりでなくときには多いという例外がある. 2.処理された代の次の代(F1)の産卵数は一般に多い.この際両性が処理され相互に交配された場合が最も顕著であるが,いずれか一方の性のみが処理され正常な他の性に配された場合でもそんな傾向を示す. 3.(F1)の卵より成虫までの間の生育率は両性とも処理されている場合は勿論,雌のみ処理され正常な雄に配された場合もわずかに高い傾向を示し,雄のみ処理され正常雌に配された場合にはやや低い傾向が認められる. 4.(F1)の性比は両性処理後交配された場合は勿論,いずれか一方が処理され正常な他の性に配された場合でも0.48以下で,極端な例では0.41,0.37等のように雌の割合がかなり少ない. 5.処理されたものの子孫(F2)以下(F4)までのそれぞれの代の産卵数,生育率,性比は大体対照と大差がないものと判定される. 6.この実験において(F1)の産卵数が多く,生育率の高いという現象の原因について論議した.それは(F1)の密度が低いことにより虫の体重が重くなることに起因する様に考えた。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KiyokuMasao en-aut-sei=Kiyoku en-aut-mei=Masao kn-aut-name=清久正夫 kn-aut-sei=清久 kn-aut-mei=正夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YunokiTsunehiro en-aut-sei=Yunoki en-aut-mei=Tsunehiro kn-aut-name=柚木恒裕 kn-aut-sei=柚木 kn-aut-mei=恒裕 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山県農業試験場果樹分場 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=19 end-page=26 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1960 dt-pub=1960 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Injurious Insects of Japanese Pine Mushroom (VIII). : Economic Effect from Application of Insecticide. kn-title=マッタケの害虫について (第8報) 殺虫剤撒布の経済効果 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In the present paper the author discussed economically how to control the injurious insects of Japanese Pine Mushroom (Armillaria Matsutakei ITO et IMAI) by the several insecticides. The experiments were carried out at Bisei-cho, Okayama Prefecture in 1958. In this experiments the insecticides were DDT, EPN, dieldrin, aldrin, malathon (powder) and lindane (Fumigant). These insecticides were used singly or jointly to control the larvae of injurious Dipterous insects. All of them were recognized the fair effect. It may be concluded from the results of this experiment that the use of insecticide has economical advantages in the following conditions: (1) The effect of insect control by insecticide is over about 50%. (2) The hervest of mushroom becomes over 50 kg/ha. (8) The price of insecticide is less than about 3000 Yen/ha. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IwamuraMichimasa en-aut-sei=Iwamura en-aut-mei=Michimasa kn-aut-name=岩村通正 kn-aut-sei=岩村 kn-aut-mei=通正 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=マッタケ kn-keyword=マッタケ en-keyword=害虫 kn-keyword=害虫 en-keyword=殺虫剤 kn-keyword=殺虫剤 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=27 end-page=31 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1960 dt-pub=1960 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on Economical Meaning of Machanization of Agriculture. : 4. On the Factors Effecting the Labor Hour Spent in Agricultural Production. (part 1) kn-title=農業機械化の経済的意義に関する研究 (第4報) 単位面積当り投入労働量の大小を決定する諸要因について(その1) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=According to the official survey, the working hour for rice production per unit area is quite different in every farm management. This is because various factors of farm management are effecting the work processes of rice production. From the view point of our studies, these factors can be classified into two groups: one of them is the economic conditions surrounding the outside of farm management and the other is the inside conditions of farm management. Therefore, this report will be limitted only to the analysis of the latter conditions, especially of the next three, i.e., farm scale, field situation (parcellment of fields) and construction of family. As a matter of fact, our effort is devoted to clearing up of the relationship between working hour for rice production per unit area and the above mentioned three factors effecting the labor use. Our results obtained from the same basic data that were utilized in previous report, are as follows: 1) The more the area of cultivated land per farm increases, the more the working hour for rice production per unit area is decreases. More over when the area of cultivated land in above relationship is calculated by the area of one working man, this relationship becomes clearer. 2) The more the number of field lots or plots per farm increases, the more the working hour for rice production per unit area becomes longer. But, if we adopt the number of field lots or plots per unit area in above relationship instead of that per farm, this relationship becomes more proportionate. 3) It is also proved that the same relationship is existing, between the working hour per unit area for rice production and the number of family member per farm that is to say, the increase of working hour is partly caused by the increasing of working Persons of the farm which results the rising of labor input per unit area for rice production. These results seem to express not only the special feature of family farm, but also of Asiatic small farm. Thus, it becomes very important to apply these results for "labor simplification" in our small family farm. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FukudaMinoru en-aut-sei=Fukuda en-aut-mei=Minoru kn-aut-name=福田稔 kn-aut-sei=福田 kn-aut-mei=稔 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=農業機械化 kn-keyword=農業機械化 en-keyword=投入労働量 kn-keyword=投入労働量 en-keyword=経済的意義 kn-keyword=経済的意義 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=33 end-page=42 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1960 dt-pub=1960 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Chemical Composition of Glasshouse Vine Soils, with Special Reference to the Accumulation of Excess Soluble Salts in the Soils. : II. On the Changes of Salinity and Nitrate Contents of Glasshouse Vine Soils. kn-title=葡萄硝子室土壤の化学的組成,とくに可溶性塩類の異常集積に関する研究 (第2報) 葡萄硝子室土壤の含塩度及び硝酸態窒素の変化について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In a previous investigation it was observed that the nature of glasshouse vine soils resembled more or less to that of semiarid soils and sometimes, a large amount of soluble salts, especially sulfate and nitrate, was found to accumulate in old glasshouse soils. A further study was taken to obtain detailed information on the characteristics of glasshouse soils, with special reference to the seasonal change of salinity and nitrate content of these soils associated with vine affected by apparent excess soluble salts. The soils investigated in this study were taken in July 1957, January 1958 and December 1958 from vine glasshouse, distributed in Ichinomiya-cho, Okayama Prefecture. Electrical conductivity, pH, humus and nitrate nitrogen were determined and soluble salts and 10 % HCL soluble constituents were analysed with some typical soils. The following general conclusions were drawn: 1) The normally dominant ions in the 1: 5 extracts were Ca. SO4 and NO3, but sometimes K, Mg, Na and Cl ions were relatively high also. 2) Of 10 % HCL soluble constituents, CaO and SO3 were markedly high in surface soil and P2O5 and K2O were relatively high also as compared to normal arable soils in Japan. It was shown that the greater part of P2O5 was fixed to surface layer but a fairly amount of K2O was also contained in lower layers. 3 ) No significant differences in soil salinity and nitrate content were shown between the soil samples taken in summer time and those taken in winter time. On the contrary, the soil crust scraped from soil surface in winter time contained a large amount of soluble salts, especially nitrate. Of all the samples examined, as much as 60 % showed the conductivity more than 15 millimhos/cm and contained nitrate nitrogen more than 600 p.p.m. The dominant salt in saturated extracts of soil crusts was calcium nitrate and a part of calcium sulfate was also found in these extracts. 4) The salinity and nitrate content were significantly decreased by renewal of surface layer of old glasshouse with fresh hillside soil deposits, accompanied with the increase of yield and improvement of quality of grape. The findings are believed to warrent the conclusions that the renewal of surface layer of old glasshouse is the best remedy for vine suffered injury from high concentration of salts. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YonedaShigeo en-aut-sei=Yoneda en-aut-mei=Shigeo kn-aut-name=米田茂男 kn-aut-sei=米田 kn-aut-mei=茂男 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KochiMasamichi en-aut-sei=Kochi en-aut-mei=Masamichi kn-aut-name=河内知道 kn-aut-sei=河内 kn-aut-mei=知道 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanaiMasayoshi en-aut-sei=Yanai en-aut-mei=Masayoshi kn-aut-name=柳井雅美 kn-aut-sei=柳井 kn-aut-mei=雅美 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=43 end-page=47 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1960 dt-pub=1960 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Oxidation of the Rape Seed Oil and its Fatty Acids. : III. On the Formation of the Ketohydroxybehenic Acid. kn-title=ナタネ油およびその脂肪酸の酸化に関する研究 (第3報) ケトヒドロキシベヘン酸の生成について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=従来オレイン酸のようなC18-不飽和脂肪酸からジオキシ化合物の合成法として,広く用いられている過マンガン酸カリウム酸化の条件(反応液の濃度が著しく希薄)をエルシン酸に試みたところ,10℃以下の温度では殆んど反応が進まない､又反応中pHを9.0〜9.5に調節してケトール化反応を試みても,上記同様反応はあまり進まない.即ちエルシン酸の水酸化,ケトール化は共に少くとも25℃以上の反応温度が必要である. COLEMANらによつて指摘されているように極端に希薄な溶液で反応を行うと,却つてケトール化物の生成量が減少してゆく.しかし濃厚溶液で反応を行うときは,反応によるpH変化の調節が円滑にいきにくいため,ケトール化と共にジオールの生成も顕著となる.このことはK. B. WIBERGらが考えているように,ケトール化とジオール化の2つの反応型が共通の中間物から生成され,-OMnO3-イオンとOHイオンが反応の進行を競合する結果であろうと推察した(第1図参照).ケトール化物として,エルシン酸からm.p.72.5℃を示す13,14-ケトヒドロキシベヘン酸が得られた。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OharaSachiko en-aut-sei=Ohara en-aut-mei=Sachiko kn-aut-name=大原幸子 kn-aut-sei=大原 kn-aut-mei=幸子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShinozakiYuichi en-aut-sei=Shinozaki en-aut-mei=Yuichi kn-aut-name=篠崎侑一 kn-aut-sei=篠崎 kn-aut-mei=侑一 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=49 end-page=55 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1960 dt-pub=1960 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The Effect of Thyroid Preparation on Wool Follicles of Sheep. kn-title=甲状腺剤が緬羊の毛胞群に及ぼす影響 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This work was undertaken to investigate the effect of thyroid preparation on the number of wool follicles, especially of secondary follicles and the value of the secondary to primary follicle ratio (S/P ratio) of skin samples of sheep. The animals used were four pairs of twins of Corriedale lambs and those were classified into two groups, each one of two groups being consisted of two pairs and one of each pair of one group was subcutaneously injected daily for 15 weeks with 4 mg of thyroid from two weeks after birth and one of each pair of the other group from four weeks after birth. Small skin samples were removed from left and right mid-side of each lamb at the beginning and end of the experiment and the histological preparations of skin samples were made and the number of primary follicles, secondary follicles, total follicles and the value of S/P ratio were counted and their changes during the period of experiment in control and treated groups were compared. The results obtained were as follows; 1) It was found that the number of primary follicles in both control and treated groups was reduced from the beginning to the end of the experiment, probably because of the expansion of skin area during the period of experiment. 2) The number of secondary follicles in the group in which treatment was begun when lambs were two weeks old, was reduced in control group and increased in treated group at the end of the experiment. The number of secondary follicles in the group in which treatment was begun when lambs were 4 weeks old, was reduced in both control and treated groups. 3) The ratio of secondary to primary follicle (S/P ratio) showed a greater value at the end of the experiment than at the beginning in both control and treated groups. In both two groups in which treatment was begun when lambs were two weeks and four weeks old, mean values of S/P ratio for the treated group were 9.65, 8.76, as compared with 8.92, 8.33 for the control group at the end of the experiment. 4) It seems that by injection of thyroid preparation during the early weeks of postnatal life it may be possible to increase the number of secondary follicles and the value of S/P ratio of sheep skin. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SugaiKazuo en-aut-sei=Sugai en-aut-mei=Kazuo kn-aut-name=菅井一男 kn-aut-sei=菅井 kn-aut-mei=一男 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuramotoKazunari en-aut-sei=Kuramoto en-aut-mei=Kazunari kn-aut-name=蔵本和成 kn-aut-sei=蔵本 kn-aut-mei=和成 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=InoguchiToshiro en-aut-sei=Inoguchi en-aut-mei=Toshiro kn-aut-name=猪口董四郎 kn-aut-sei=猪口 kn-aut-mei=董四郎 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=鳥取県種畜場 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=57 end-page=65 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1960 dt-pub=1960 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on Silage-Making. V. : On the Effects of Sodium Metabisulfite as a Preservative and of the Rate of Mixing Soybean with Corn. kn-title=エンシレージの調製法に関する研究 焦性亜硫酸ソーダ添加の効果並びに青刈トウモロコシと青刈ダイズの混合割合について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The author has already published a report on the effects of starch feed, urea, and AIV acid on silage-making. In this paper the results of small scale experiments carried out on the effect of sodium metabisulfite (Na2 S2 O5) as a preservative and also on the effect of the proportion in mixing green soybeans in green maize will be reported. (1) Chopped sweet potato vines were ensiled according to the following methods ; a) with the addition of sodium metabisulfite at the rate of 0.5 per cent.; b) with the addition of molasses mixed feed at the rate of 10 per cent. and c) without any addition of the preservative. The results of comparison of quality, characteristics and chemical composition: of the experimental silages are shown in tables 2, 3, and 4. The bisulfite treated silage had good quality and was charactiristic of greenish color, and was free of undesirable and unpleasant odors. (2) Chopped sweet potato vines were preserved with the addition of sodium metabisulfite at the rate of 0.4 per cent. The resulting silage had lactic acid 1.04, acetic acid 0.23 per cent., PH 4.41 and no butyric acid after the storage for 172 days. The results 6f digestion trials on rabbits are shown in table 9. Digestible crude protein and total digestible nutrients were respectively 6.0 and 48.7 per cent on the dry matter basis. (3) Corn, green soybeans and mixtures of corn and soybeans were ensiled according to the ratio as shown in table 11. Investigations on organic acids, the pH value, and chemical composition of the silages were made. When corn alone or a 7 : 3 mixture of corn and green soybeans was ensiled, the resulting silage had a very good quality. , These data suggest that mixing green soybeans in corn to an amount of 30 to 40 per cent of corn does not lower the quality of the resulting silage. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SutohHiroshi en-aut-sei=Sutoh en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=須藤浩 kn-aut-sei=須藤 kn-aut-mei=浩 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=UchidaSenji en-aut-sei=Uchida en-aut-mei=Senji kn-aut-name=内田仙二 kn-aut-sei=内田 kn-aut-mei=仙二 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=5 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1960 dt-pub=1960 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Storage of Mint Seed. kn-title=薄荷種子の貯蔵に関す研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=ハッカ種子の発芽力保存のために,炭酸ガス濃度の高い空気中で種子を貯蔵することは,有効とは認めがたく,長期貯蔵では,かえつて有害と認められた.低温貯蔵は,採種後1年間は,発芽力保存に有効であつたが,その後,急激に,効力を失つた.乾燥剤と共に貯蔵することは,もつとも有効であつた.さらに,乾燥剤と共に,ハッカ種子を低温貯蔵すると,両処理の単独効果の和より,いつそう大きい発芽力保存効果を示した.筆者等はこの方法で,採種後2カ年半,3年目の春まで,完全に,ハッカ種子の発芽力を保存した.もつとも,ハッカ種子は,室内常温貯蔵では,採種の翌年の秋には,発芽歩合が低下して,実用価値を失うが,その頃までの発芽力保存には,風乾種子を密封貯蔵するだけで,可なり効果があつた.また,採種後最初の播種期である,翌春までのハッカ種子の貯蔵においても,低温湿潤積層して,後熟を促進し,休眠期間の短縮をはかるのでなければ,むしろ,風乾種子を乾燥剤と共に密封して,低温貯蔵することが好ましい。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IkedaNagamori en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Nagamori kn-aut-name=池田長守 kn-aut-sei=池田 kn-aut-mei=長守 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=UdoSeiroku en-aut-sei=Udo en-aut-mei=Seiroku kn-aut-name=宇渡清六 kn-aut-sei=宇渡 kn-aut-mei=清六 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaishoIchizo en-aut-sei=Saisho en-aut-mei=Ichizo kn-aut-name=最相市蔵 kn-aut-sei=最相 kn-aut-mei=市蔵 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MinakataSadao en-aut-sei=Minakata en-aut-mei=Sadao kn-aut-name=南方定夫 kn-aut-sei=南方 kn-aut-mei=定夫 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=7 end-page=24 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1960 dt-pub=1960 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Cold Injuries of Rice Plant which are under a Cool Water Irrigation in the West-southern Regions of Japan. : I. Water Economy and Water Temperature in Paddy Fields during the Growing Period of Rice Plant. kn-title=西南暖地冷水田における水稲の冷害に関する研究 第1報 冷水灌漑田に於ける水稲期間の水温並に用水收支について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=(1)岡山県真庭郡川上村々内の三地域の水田を対象として1933〜34年水稲栽培期間中の用水量並にその収支と水温の調査を行つた. (2)調査地に於ける気象並に作物地理的条件は岡山県に広く分布する冷水田のそれと略々近く,これは又西南暖地の所謂冷害田の一般的性格でもある. (3)稲作期間中の用水温度は平均14〜18℃で最高水温においても22℃に達せず,又気温との差も顕著であつた, (4)調査田に於ける灌漑法は押水式灌漑法と呼ばれるもので用水路とは別に設けた取水路から灌水され,水田水位の低下に応じて自働的に給水されている. (5)取水路内流下水の水温と流量との関係はT=awbで表わされ,流量を制限すれば取水路内の水温を数度上昇せしめることは容易である. (6)稲作期間中の用水量は有効雨量を併せ3.4〜5.3×103mmに達し,その85〜94%が漏水し,実際に稲体に利用される水量は僅か2.9〜5.0×102mmに過ぎない. (7)稲作期間中の平均日滲透量(縦滲透及横滲透量)は水田に依つて異るが40〜65mm/dayでその20〜80%近くが畦畔漏水である. (8)このような漏水過多は冷水田の水温,地温の上昇,保温を妨げ,無機塩類の流亡を大ならしめ,稲の生育収量を低下せしめる大きな原因となる。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShimoyamaTeiji en-aut-sei=Shimoyama en-aut-mei=Teiji kn-aut-name=志茂山貞二 kn-aut-sei=志茂山 kn-aut-mei=貞二 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=岡山県真庭郡川上村 kn-keyword=岡山県真庭郡川上村 en-keyword=水稲 kn-keyword=水稲 en-keyword=冷害 kn-keyword=冷害 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=25 end-page=32 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1960 dt-pub=1960 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Experimental Studies on the Influence of an Abnormally High Temperature upon Some Biological Characters in Inects Survived the Heat-treatment and Those in Their Offsprings. kn-title=異常高温が生き残り昆虫個体及び其の子孫の生理・生態的性質に及ぼす影響に関する実験的研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=本研究は処理区も対照区も共にアズキゾウムシCallosobruchus chinensisの雄雌一対定温飼育によつて親世代を高温処理した後の生き残り固体及び其の子孫の繁殖能力,生活力及び抵抗力がどの様に変化するかを調べたものである. 1. 繁殖能力として一雌当り産卵数は処理された生きのこり個体では少ないが,その子の世代(F1)では逆に増加する.処理後生きのこり個体より生じたF1世代の性比は雌の割合がかなり少ない.これら子孫(F1及びF2)の発育期間はやや長い傾向を示すがその増加の程度はさほど大きくない. 2. 個体の生活力として発育期間中の発育率及び成虫の寿命を調べた結果,処理された固体の子の代(F1)では前者は普通か幾分高いがその次の代(F2)では低下する.後者は処理されて後生き残つた個体は明らかに長<生きられ,その子の世代(F1)では寿命が短縮する. 3. 抵抗力として成虫の高温抵抗の指標と成虫体重を調べたが,処理した生き残り個体は明らかに高温に対する抵抗力が強い.然しそれらの子の世代(F1)では雄は尚強いが雌はそうでなく寧ろ弱い.体重は処理後生きのこり個体がやや重い様に見えるが大きい差ではなく,又その子孫にも大きい差異は見られない. 4. 親世代の高温処理にもとずく昆虫の諸性質の変動は処理した世代とその子世代に明らかに現われるがその次の代即ちF2世代には一部例外はあるが余り明らかに現われない。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KiyokuMasao en-aut-sei=Kiyoku en-aut-mei=Masao kn-aut-name=清久正夫 kn-aut-sei=清久 kn-aut-mei=正夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=33 end-page=42 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1960 dt-pub=1960 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=イナズマヨコバイに寄生するアタマアブ,ならびに水田のアタマアブ類について kn-title=A New Dorilaid Parasite of the Zigzag-striped Leafhopper, Inazuma dorsalis (Motschulsky) and Notes on Other Paddy-field Inhabiting Dorilaidae (Diptera). en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The zigzag-striped leafhopper, Inazuma dorsalis, is a species familiar as an injurious pest to the rice plant and also as a vector of the dwarf disease of it. But very little is known about the natural enemies of this leafhopper and there is no record of the Dorilaid parasite. Through the rearing of this leafhoppers, I have had a parasitic Dorilaidae in the considerable percentage of parasitism. In the present paper I intend to describe this as new species and at the same time give the notes and descriptions on the paddy-field inhabiting Dorilaidae. To date, I have observed eight species of this family in the paddy-fields mainly in the south western Japan. Four of them are parasitic on Nephotettix cincticeps Uhler as stated in my previous paper, one is parasitic on Inazuma dorsalis and the remaining three are not certain concerning their host relations yet, but they are no doubt parasitic on the leafhoppers injurious to the rice plant. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KoizumiKenji en-aut-sei=Koizumi en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=小泉憲治 kn-aut-sei=小泉 kn-aut-mei=憲治 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=43 end-page=51 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1960 dt-pub=1960 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Relaxation of Pelvis of the Guinea Pig during Gestation Period. kn-title=妊娠期におけるモルモットの骨盤の弛緩 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1)妊娠および分娩後の種々の時期に於けるモルモットの骨盤のレントゲン写真につき,第1図に示した4径を計測し,それらの結果から妊娠期間に於ける骨盤の形態的変化を考察した. 2)腸骨外側間最短距離の妊娠中に於ける増加は他の3径の増加よりも小さく,分娩前後の数日を除いては殆んど一定であつた.一方,恥骨縫合面間距離の増加は他の3径のそれよりも遙かに大きかつた.坐骨端間距離は分娩前後数日間のみは坐骨前部間距離よりも大きかつたが,その他の時期に於ては前者は後者よりも小さかつた. 3)妊期の進むにつれて骨盤の上横径は殆んど変らないが下横径は著しく大きくなるように思われた.これらの結果からモルモットでは妊娠中に仙腸関節の弛緩は殆んどおこらないように思われた. 4)恥骨の離開は妊娠4週の初めに見付けられる.そして比の時期はZARROWによつて報告せられている血中にリラキシンの出現する時期と一致した. 5)分娩直前および娩出過程に於て生ずる恥骨の極端な分離は,かなり速やかに復旧し,縫合部は2,3週間以内に安定した状態になる.しかしながら分娩後のモルモットの縫合は処女の状態にはかえらない.恥骨縫合は分娩後16日前後に再び軽く分離する傾向があつた.モルモットの性週期は平均16.5日であるので,この分離の傾向はエストロゼン分泌の再開を示唆するものである。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WadaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=和田宏 kn-aut-sei=和田 kn-aut-mei=宏 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YuharaMasataka en-aut-sei=Yuhara en-aut-mei=Masataka kn-aut-name=湯原正高 kn-aut-sei=湯原 kn-aut-mei=正高 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=53 end-page=64 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1960 dt-pub=1960 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Chemical Composition and Quality of Silage. : V. On the Difference in Quality of Silage in a Silo and the Chemical Composition and Quality of Some Types of Silages. kn-title=エンシレージの化学成分と品質に関する研究 (第5報) サイロ内部位による品質の差および二三エンシレージの成分と品質 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In order to find the fundamental principle of the technics of silage-making and also the factors governing quality of silage, samples of the silage made at the experimental farm of this university, were analyzed. In the first experiments corn was ensiled in a tower silo (2.5m×7m), and samples of the resulted silage were taken seven times as the consumption of silage progressed. The samples from each layer were divided into two groups, the central and circumferential portions (Fig. 1). In the second experiments a mixture of corn and green soybeans was ensiled in the silo and samples of the resulted silage were taken from three parts, i. e. the top, the middle, and the bottom layers (Fig. 2). In each sample the chemical composition, especialiy the contents of organic acids, the total nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen as well as the pH value were determined in the usual manner. It was found that the differences in quality and nutrient contents were not significant, although a slight difference was sometimes found when the resulted silage was not of good quality. In further investigation conducted with the bag sample method, also, the results were almost the same. Small scale experiments of silage-making were carried out with "Sekishomo", Vallisneria spralis L. var. asiatica MAKINO, cale, alfalfa, the peel of "Hassaku", a variety of citrus, the peel of "Unshiu", Citrus Unshiu MAKINO, beet tops and mint feed, i. e. the residual of distillation of mint for obtaining menthol and mint oil. Satisfactory silages were found to be prepared from peel of Unshiu, peel of Hassaku, cale, beet tops and mint feed, but not from Sekishomo. The peels of Unshiu and Hassaku gave fragrant and paratable products rich lactic acid, free of butyric acid, and of pH between 3.1 and 3.8. The silage prepared from the peel of Unshiu contained dry matter 23.35, crude protein 2.03, ether extract 0.45, N-free extract 10.08, crude fiber 0.35, and ash 0.89 per cent. The digestibility of the protein in these silages was determined by the usual WEDEMEYER method (Table 14). The protein of the silages Prepared from cale, peels of both Unshiu and Hassaku, and beet tops possessed a satisfactory digestibility, but that of Sekishomo and mint feed did not. The results of the calculation of the digestibility of silage protein by three different methods, WATSON'S, DIJKSTRA'S, and BARNETT'S, may be considered almost to agree. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SutohHiroshi en-aut-sei=Sutoh en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=須藤浩 kn-aut-sei=須藤 kn-aut-mei=浩 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=UchidaSenji en-aut-sei=Uchida en-aut-mei=Senji kn-aut-name=内田仙二 kn-aut-sei=内田 kn-aut-mei=仙二 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KomakiToshiro en-aut-sei=Komaki en-aut-mei=Toshiro kn-aut-name=小牧敏郎 kn-aut-sei=小牧 kn-aut-mei=敏郎 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=鹿児島県立指宿高等学校 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=8 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1961 dt-pub=1961 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Considerations on the Variation in Biotic Potential, Viability and Tolerance of Insects by the Different Generations. kn-title=昆虫の繁殖能力・生活力及び抵抗力の世代的変動に関する考察 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Variations in egg-number deposited per female, sex-ratio, duration of growth period of insects, survival-rate during growth period, body weight and heat-tolerance of adults have been observed under environmental conditions both constant and variable. Experimental materials were Azuki-bean weevils, Callosobruchus chinensis. (1) When the environment under which insects develop is constant, some of the above described say physiological characters are variable according to different generations. That is to say, heat-tolerance considerably increases in the third and sixth generation. Egg-number and survival-rate show temporary decrease in the second and third generation, respectively. Body weight, sex-ratio and duration of growth period, however, are constant in all generations. Variation-coefficient in heat-tolrance decreases with the increase in heat-tolerance (median lethal time). That in egg-number deposited and survival-rate increase with the decrease in both characters. (2) Considering the mean and variation-coefficient of insect characters, it may be assumed that the cause of the changes in the characters when the environment is constant is not to be attributed to the changes in environmental temperature and humidity, but rather to the changes in the physiological conditions of the insect itself: (a) The increase in heat-tolerance is assumed to be due to the fact that by the extinction of individuals of weaker viavility and tolerance during their growth periods, the tolerance of insect population becomes homogeneous and high. (b) The decrease in egg-number and survival-rate is presumed to be due to the fact that the fecundity and viavility of certain individuals in insect population decrease on account of the harmful effect of inbreeding, which causes the fecundity and viavility of the entire population to become heterogeneous and low. (3) When the environmental conditions are variable by the different seasons, the variations in egg-number, duration of growth period, survival-rate during growth period and body weight of adults seem to depend upon the changes in environmental temperature. Strictly speaking, however, the variation in the characters does not depend upon the environmental temperature alone, but the characters such as sex-ratio, survival-rate and heat-tolerance are modified by some physiological changes in the insect itself or the after effect of environmental factor in parent generation. (4) Variation-coefficient of the characters does not so frequently change as the mean value, when the environmental conditions of the insect vary. However, those of two characters, i. e. egg-number deposited and heat-tolerance are variable by the different seasons. The increase in variation-coefficient of egg-number may be due to the fact that the insect population becomes heterogeneous in regard to its fecundity, whearas the decrease in that of heat-tolerance is presumed to be attributed to the fact that the population becomes homogeneous in regard to tolerance of the insect to temperature by the environmental temperature. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KiyokuMasao en-aut-sei=Kiyoku en-aut-mei=Masao kn-aut-name=清久正夫 kn-aut-sei=清久 kn-aut-mei=正夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=9 end-page=18 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1961 dt-pub=1961 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=土壤の水分恒数に関する統計的考察 kn-title=Statistical Considerations on Soil-moisture Constants. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=畑地かんがいの計画における用水量の決定に必要な土壌の水分恒数について次の諸点を統計的に考察したものである. 1.最大容水量と最小容水量(圃場容水量)の測定法として我が国で普通に行なわれている二つの方法を比較し,最大容水量については二つの方法から求めた値に大きい差が認められ,最小容水量については両方法による値に差のないことを述べた. 2.最大容水量及び最小容水量と水分当量との間にはかなり高い相関が見られ,それらの回帰直線はそれぞれ(4),(5),(6),(7)式となつた.特に(4),(5)式はBriggs and Shantzの式(2)とやや異つているが,統計的に考察した結果,特に(5)式は差が大きくないことが分つた.しかしながらこれらの間には直線的の関係ではなくて二次曲線の関係があるようであつて,この点については次回に詳しく報告する. 3.関博士の"小容水量"を水分当量に代用しようとする場合には,両者に相当高い相関があるので(8)式によつて換算することが出来る.特に水分当量が大凡の値でよい場合には,単に小容水量から4を引くことによつて求めることが出来ることが分つた。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KobashiHideo en-aut-sei=Kobashi en-aut-mei=Hideo kn-aut-name=小橋英夫 kn-aut-sei=小橋 kn-aut-mei=英夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=Statistical Considerations kn-keyword=Statistical Considerations en-keyword=Soil-moisture Constants. kn-keyword=Soil-moisture Constants. END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=19 end-page=25 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1961 dt-pub=1961 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Morphological Features in Interspecific Hybrids between Pinus densiflora and P. Thunbergii. (I). : Comparision of External Features and Interior Tissues of Needle. kn-title=アカマツ・クロマツ種間雑種における形態学上の特性 (第1報) 外部形態と針葉の内部形態との比較 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Investigations have been conducted by several workers into interspecific hybrids among Pinus densiflora SIEB. et Zucc. (Japanese red pine) and Pinus Thunbergii PARL. (Japanese black pine), but there seems to be many basic problems in morphology yet to be settled. In the present paper, the author attempted to tentatively clasify into five types pure Pinus densiflora, pure Pinus Thunbergii and their hybrids by major external features; (1) Akamatsu (Red pin-e): distinguished as pure red pine by observation of it's needles, winter buds and bark. (2) Ai-akamatsu (Hybrid red pine): recognized as partaking of black pine characteristics by observation of above three external features. (3) Ai-matsu (Hybrid pine): judged as an intermediate type between red pine and black pine. (4) Ai-guromatsu (Hybrid black pine): recognized as the contrary type of (2). (5) Kuromatsu (Black pine): distinguished as pure black pine by the same means. Above distinctions were standardized by macroscopic observation and three characteristics were respectively determined by following points; that is, each of the characteristics of pure red pine is +2, of pure back pine -2, and of intermediate type +1.0, and -1 according to their grades. Then pure races and hybrids are graded by these total points which are figured out by above mentioned methods of marking, as following: (1) +6・・・Red pine (2) (+5)〜(+3)・・・Hybrid red pine (3) (+2) 〜(-2)・・・Hybrid pine (4) (-3) 〜(-5)・・・Hybrid black pine (5) - 6・・・Black pine Sample trees used in this experiment are fifteen in number and they are shown in Table 1. These sample trees grow in the experimental forest (about 0.16 ha.) of Handayama University Forest (the northern part of Okayama city). In the present paper, the relationship between the external characteristics (especially; needle, winterbud and bark) of pure and hybrid pine and the internal structure of their needles are discussed. The microscopic observation on the internal structure of their needles was undertaken to analyze distinctions of tissue, as described in Fig. 1, 2. Considered from the experimental results, it seems most reasonable to conclude that individuals judged as hybrid of Pinus densiflora SIEB. et ZUCC. and P. Thumbergii PARL. by observation of external features may also have the microscopic characteristics in the internal structure of their needles as hybrid of those two species. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IwamuraMichimasa en-aut-sei=Iwamura en-aut-mei=Michimasa kn-aut-name=岩村通正 kn-aut-sei=岩村 kn-aut-mei=通正 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=アカマツ・クロマツ種間雑種 kn-keyword=アカマツ・クロマツ種間雑種 en-keyword=形態学 kn-keyword=形態学 en-keyword=針葉 kn-keyword=針葉 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=27 end-page=37 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1961 dt-pub=1961 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on Economical Meaning of Mechanization on Agriculture : 5. Economical Comparison of the Utilization of Small Tractors and Draft Cattle on Farm. kn-title=農業機械化の経済的意義に関する研究 (第5報) 耕伝機と役畜の経済性比較 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=近年,わが国において多くの農家が耕転機の利用に非常に興味を払いつつある.われわれは,耕転機導入に伴つて,農家の直面する諸問題の中から主要な若干の問題を取出して,農業経営のBudgetingの観点から分析を試みたのである。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MeseMorio en-aut-sei=Mese en-aut-mei=Morio kn-aut-name=目瀬守男 kn-aut-sei=目瀬 kn-aut-mei=守男 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukudaMinoru en-aut-sei=Fukuda en-aut-mei=Minoru kn-aut-name=福田稔 kn-aut-sei=福田 kn-aut-mei=稔 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=農業機械化 kn-keyword=農業機械化 en-keyword=耕伝機 kn-keyword=耕伝機 en-keyword=役畜 kn-keyword=役畜 en-keyword=経済性比較 kn-keyword=経済性比較 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=39 end-page=46 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1961 dt-pub=1961 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on Polder Soils in Japan. : XVI. Rapid Method for Determining Oxidizable Sulfur and Change of Soil Reaction of Sea Muds and Polder Soils. kn-title=干拓地土壤に関する研究 (第16報) 海底土及び干拓地土中の酸化性硫黄の含量と土壤反応の変化の迅速測定法について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Sea muds and saline polder soils frequently contain appreciable amounts of sulfur in various forms, and in polder soils and transported soils derived from sea muds acid condition sometimes develops through aeration of anaerobic soil. A description is given of practical rapid methods of determining the oxidizable sulfur and change of soil reaction of these soils. Recommended experimental procedures are as follows: A weighed quantity of soil (about 1 - 2 g) is mixed with 10 ml of 30 % H2O2, adjusting the pH to 6.0 - 6.5 with N/10 NaOH and removing the sulfuric acid when contained with Ba (OH)2, and heated for about 1 hour on water bath. After cooling, the contents are filled up to 100 ml and filtered. Soil pH value is determined in this soil suspension by means of the pH meter and glass electrode. Titrable acidity is determined by titrating 50 ml of this filtrate with N/10 NaOH and the result is given in terms of ml N/10 NaOH per 100 g soil. Active oxidizable sulfur is calculated from sulfuric acid equivalent to titrable acidity and given in terms of S mg per 100 g soil. Easily oxidizable sulfur is determined from the difference between the water soluble sulfate of the H2O2-treated soil and that of original soil and given in terms of S mg per 100 g soil. Sulfate is determined volumetrically by Benzidine sulfate method. The reliability of this method was examined with sea muds collected from sea bottom, saline pond soils, transported soils derived from sea muds and saline polder soils. The data obtained showed that saline pond soils and some of polder soils contained appreciable amounts of easily oxidizable sulfur and the pH values of these soils became extremely acid after oxidation with H2O2 and easily oxidizable sulfur of fresh soils amounted to over 80 % of total sulfur determined from the difference between the sulfate content of the aqua regia extract and that of the water extract of the soils. (See Table 1 and 2) A considerable difference was frequently found between active oxidizable sulfur and easily oxidizable sulfur and it was shown that the relative amounts of oxidizable sulfur and easily soluble base compounds determine titrable acidity, active oxidizable sulfur and soil pH value of H2O2-treated soil. (See Table 3) The pH values of transported soils derived from sea muds were found to gradually approach in natural fields to the pH values determined by H2O2-treatment. (See Table 4) en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YonedaShigeo en-aut-sei=Yoneda en-aut-mei=Shigeo kn-aut-name=米田茂男 kn-aut-sei=米田 kn-aut-mei=茂男 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=干拓地土壤 kn-keyword=干拓地土壤 en-keyword=海底土 kn-keyword=海底土 en-keyword=酸化性硫黄 kn-keyword=酸化性硫黄 en-keyword=迅速測定法 kn-keyword=迅速測定法 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=47 end-page=52 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1961 dt-pub=1961 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Mammary Gland Spreading Factor in Cows and Goats. kn-title=牛および山羊に於ける乳腺拡散因子 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=妊娠中の和牛および山羊の乳腺組織中の乳腺拡散因子の存在を確かめるためにこの実験を行なつた.和牛の妊娠程度は屠場より採取し,妊娠日数は胎仔の発育程度,発毛の状態によつて推定した.山羊の乳腺は生体から2〜3g採取し,妊娠日数は交配の日時から計算した.乳腺拡散因子の測定はELLIOTT and TURNERの方法に従つて行ない,その結果は第1表に示した.本研究で和牛および山羊の乳腺組織中に乳腺拡散因子が存在することを認めた.しかし非妊の山羊ではその存在を検知することが出来なかつた.本研究にあたり,多大の御教示と御指導を頂いた小松伊三郎教授に深く感謝する。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YuharaMasataka en-aut-sei=Yuhara en-aut-mei=Masataka kn-aut-name=湯原正高 kn-aut-sei=湯原 kn-aut-mei=正高 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=和田宏 kn-aut-sei=和田 kn-aut-mei=宏 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=53 end-page=64 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1961 dt-pub=1961 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Feeding Value of Chinese Milk-Vetch. : I. On the Chemical Composition of Chinese Milk-Vetch and the Quality of Chinese Milk-Vetch Silage. kn-title=レンゲの飼料価値に関する研究 (第1報) レンゲの化学威分並びにそのエンシレージ調製と品質について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The chinese milk-vetch. Astragalus sinicus L., is cultivated in paddy-fields as the winter crop from late September (or early October) to late May. This crop develops very vigorously under suitable conditions. The crop heretofore has mostly been cultivated for the purpose of utilizing it as the green manure, but its full utilization as the fodder is very important since the crop is rich in nutrients. The authors are at present investigating the feeding value of this plant from the nutritional viewpoint; in this paper, however, the results obtained on the variations of the chemical composition and of the yield of nutrients in various growing stage and on the silage-making from the chinese milk-vetch, will be reported. The following are some of the results obtained: (1) The chinese milk-vetch cultivated in paddy-fields as the winter crop was reaped eight times at intervals of approximately a week from April 16 (before the bloom stage) to June 3 (the early stage of the seed maturity). These eight samples of chinese milk-vetch reaped at different times were analyzed. It was inferred that the yields of solid substance and of crude protein per 10 a. were about the maximum in the stage of full bloom. (2) The crude protein content of chinese milk-vetch in the stage of full bloom was 40.5 % in leaves, 12.4 % in stems and 28.6 % in floweres. The distribution of crude protein was as follows: 47.3 % in the portion of leaves, 44.7 % in the portion of stems and 8.0 % in the portion of flowers. The artificial digestibility of crude protein of leaves, of stems and of flowers was respectively 64.4, 64.8 and 71.3 per cent. The crude protein content of pods in the early stage of the seed maturity was 29 per cent on the dry matter basis and nearly equal to that of flowers. (3) Chinese milk-vetch was ensiled according to the following scheme: The quality of resulted silages was excellent or good m the wilted- and semiairtight-lot. The silage of the wilted-lot was found to have the following properties: pH 3.99, lactic acid content 2.58, acetic acid content 0.66 and butyric acid content 0 per cent. (4) The results of digestion experiment on rabbits are shown in the Tables 13 and 14. The digestibility of organic matter of silage in semiairtight-lot, wilted-lot, cut on June 3-lot, and in no chopping-lot was respectively 64.2, 58.2, 26. 8 and 38.9 per cent. (5) The ratio of water soluble nitrogen to the total nitrogen was higher in good silage than in poor silage. (6) In good silage the results of calculation of the digestibility of silage protein by WATSON'S formula practically agreed with the results of digestion experiments on rabbits. (7) The ratio of amino nitrogen to the total nitrogen in the silage of low pH vallues was higher than that in the silage of high pH values. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SutohHiroshi en-aut-sei=Sutoh en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=須藤浩 kn-aut-sei=須藤 kn-aut-mei=浩 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishimatsuIchiro en-aut-sei=Nishimatsu en-aut-mei=Ichiro kn-aut-name=西松一郎 kn-aut-sei=西松 kn-aut-mei=一郎 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=レンゲ kn-keyword=レンゲ en-keyword=飼料価値 kn-keyword=飼料価値 en-keyword=エンシレージ調製 kn-keyword=エンシレージ調製 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=18 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=8 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1961 dt-pub=1961 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Lethal Action of High Temperature and Desiccation upon Insects. kn-title=高温の殺虫作用と乾燥 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=各種の温湿度組合わせ装置の中へ昆虫を投じた場合昆虫の致死は,特に小型の昆虫においていずれの温度でも関係湿度が低いと致死時間が短縮する.この場合の致死の主原因は熱作用か,乾燥作用か,あるいは両者の共同作用かという問題があるが,本実験では主に比較的低い高温を用いて乾燥作用の致死に対する役割を実験的に調べた. 1.各種の温湿度組合わせの実験から得られた昆虫の中央致死時間と飽差との関係を示す1次回帰式の統計学的な分析,昆虫体からの水分喪失の指標,すなわち体重減少率−時間直線の角係数と中央致死時間との関係の吟味および昆虫が50%致死のときの昆虫体の水分喪失率とその時のなお保有する水分含有率の検定の3種実験によつて結論を得た. 2.昆虫体の乾燥を致死の直接原因ということができるのは,比較的低い高温例えば37℃以下に限られ,したがつてそれ以上の高温ではそれが主原因ということができない. 3.37℃以上の高温において乾燥作用が致死の主原因ではないとはいえ,熱作用の殺虫効果に影響を及ぼすことを推察する事実は少なくない.この関係の実験的証明は別報で処理する。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KiyokuMasao en-aut-sei=Kiyoku en-aut-mei=Masao kn-aut-name=清久正夫 kn-aut-sei=清久 kn-aut-mei=正夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=18 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=9 end-page=20 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1961 dt-pub=1961 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on Economical Meaning of Mechanization of Agriculture. : VI. On Effects of Tillable Land Fragmentation to the Efficiency of Agricultural Machinery and the Labor Productivity of Rice Production. kn-title=農業機械化の経済的意義に関する研究 (第6報) 農場分散が農業機械の能率および水稲労働生産性に及ぼす影響について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=According to the official survey and various reports, the productivity of rice production per unit area is quite different in every farm. This is because various factors of farm management are effecting to the production processes of rice. From viewpoint of our studies, these factors can be classified into two large groups: one of them is the economic conditions surrounding outside of farm management, the other is the inside conditions of farm management. Therefore, this report will be limited only to the analysis of the latter conditions, especially of the field situation (fragmentation or size of parcels). In this studies we have three big problems in regard to the tillable land fragmention (size of parcels) now that are effecting to the labor productivity. (1) Determination of the adequate size of parcels to use the draft cattle, utilization of small tractors and Fordson type tractors more efficiently under the present conditions. (2) Clearing up of the relationship between the labor productivity of rice production and the size of parcels of farms. (3) Consideration of the relationship between the diffusion of the small tractors and the tillable land fragmentation (size of parcels) of the villages in southern Okayama Prefecture. The data of using the draft cattle and the small tractors of problem (1) were mainly derived from our survey in Niiike Village of Okayama Prefecture, a large part of which was reported already in "Analysis of Mechanization of Japanese Agriculture" 1960, Sobun-sha, Tokyo. In addition to these data, we obtained some useful data of the utilization of the Fordson type tractors from Agricultural Improvement Section of Okayama Prefectural Office. The data of problem (2) were derived from the basic data of The Survey of Rice Production Cost surveyed by Okayama Statistical Office of Agriculture and Forestry Department in 1959. The data of problem (3) were derived from the World Census of Agriculture and Forestry in 1960. Rearranging and analyzing these basic data for our purpose, we shall conclude the result as follows: (1) The adequate size of parcels to use the draft cattle, small tractors and Fordson type tractors efficiently the area should be larger than 0.15 ha. 0.2 ha. and 0.3 ha. respectively. Therefore, the consolidation of farms are absolutly necessary in Okayama Prefecture because of the average size of parcel is about 0.1 ha.. (2) As the size of parcel increases, the working hour for rice production per unit area decreases. The yields of rice per unit area are slightly up with the increase of the size of parcels of farms. Therefore, the labor productivity of rice production is remarkably increased with the expansion of size per parcel. (3) The more the size per parcel increase, the more the rice production per 0.1 ha. and production cost of rice per koku (150 kg) decrease. (4) We can fine out the good relationship between the diffusion of the small tractors and fragmentation of tillable land (average size of parcels) in the villages in southern Okayama Prefecture. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MeseMorio en-aut-sei=Mese en-aut-mei=Morio kn-aut-name=目瀬守男 kn-aut-sei=目瀬 kn-aut-mei=守男 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=農業機械化 kn-keyword=農業機械化 en-keyword=農場分散 kn-keyword=農場分散 en-keyword=水稲労働生産性 kn-keyword=水稲労働生産性 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=18 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=21 end-page=30 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1961 dt-pub=1961 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on Economical Meaning of Mechanization of Agriculture. : VII. Economical Analysis of the Utilization of Small Tractors using Data-Processing Machnies. kn-title=農業機械化の経済的意義に関する研究 (第7報) 大数調査による耕転機利用の経済性分析〔1〕 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The seminer on Analysis of Farm Management using Data-Processing Machines was held in Tokyo with the cooperation of the Council on Economic and Cultural Affairs and the National Institute of Agricultural Sciences in 1960. We participated to this seminar and since then we are using the IBM machines of the Okayama Prefectural Office for our works. The opportunity for using this machines were provided from the Prefectural Office because our object in surveying had the aim to give practical advices to individual farms. (Also this survey have been done with the aide of the Agricultural Improvement Section and Statistcs Section of Okayama Prefectural Office.) In this studies, we selected two villages, i. e. Kojo and Fujita Villages both locating in the new reclaimed land of Kojima Bay near Okayama city. These villages are located in one of the most progressive area of agricultural mechanization not only in Okayama Prefecture but also in Japan. There are 2,131 farms in these villages raising mainly rice, wheat and rush. We selected 708 farms by random sampling, however, the number of farms utilizing small tractors was only 490 as some of them had no small tractors. The obtained basic data of utilization of small tractors were rearranged for our purposes, and were classified into four types. According to this classification, there are four types of small tractors; first is the rotary type small tractor, second is the crank type, third is the tiller type and fourth is the screw type. The following problems were dealt based upon these data: (1) Consideration of the cost per 0.1 ha. and the cost per unit products by each type of small tractor used, (2) On the replacement of machines on different sizes used on different areas. But in this report only a part of the results of using Data-Processing Machines are dealt. In this studies, we made analysis of the problems through actual survey based upon the useful suggestions from Dr. A.B. Lewis. Associate in Agricultural Economics, the Council on Economic and Cultural Affairs, Inc.; Dr. C.A. Bratton, Professor of Farm Management, Cornell University; Dr. J.W. Mellor, Professor of Agricultural Economics, Cornell University.; and the members of the National Institute of Agricultural Sciences. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FukudaMinoru en-aut-sei=Fukuda en-aut-mei=Minoru kn-aut-name=福田稔 kn-aut-sei=福田 kn-aut-mei=稔 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MeseMorio en-aut-sei=Mese en-aut-mei=Morio kn-aut-name=目瀬守男 kn-aut-sei=目瀬 kn-aut-mei=守男 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=農業機械化 kn-keyword=農業機械化 en-keyword=大数調査 kn-keyword=大数調査 en-keyword=耕転機利用 kn-keyword=耕転機利用 en-keyword=経済性分析 kn-keyword=経済性分析 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=18 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=31 end-page=39 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1961 dt-pub=1961 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Light Culture of Chrysanthemum under Feeble Incandescent Lamps. kn-title=白熱燈による弱光下の菊の電照栽培 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In order to find out if the feeble incandescent light can delay the flower bud differentiation of chrysanthemum lighted by such lamps as 10, 20, 30 and 60-watts, the following experiment was carried out in 1960. 1. The materials were cut on May 11, planted in pots on June 22, and has produced three branches by pinching. Pots were placed on the bench in the greenhouse, and lighting started on August 5, stopped on September 20. 2. Any distinct difference in elongation of stem was not found among those in differently lighted sections. However in the feeble light sections they had a little higher elongation than in the other sections and the standard sections. 3. The flowering was delayed in proportion as the light intensity increases. The sections lighted by 60 and 30-watt lamps showed almost similar flowering, but in the 10-watt lamp section the flowering was earlier than in the others and flowered for a longer period of time. 4. As to the flower bud formation, a considerable number of flower buds in 10-watt lamp section appeared first, and 20 and 30-watt lamp sections followed. 5. Consequently, the limit of light intensity in light culture of chrysanthemum seems to be 30-watts per square 3.3 meter of a bench. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YasudaIsao en-aut-sei=Yasuda en-aut-mei=Isao kn-aut-name=安田勳 kn-aut-sei=安田 kn-aut-mei=勳 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsukutaniKensaku en-aut-sei=Tsukutani en-aut-mei=Kensaku kn-aut-name=築谷健作 kn-aut-sei=築谷 kn-aut-mei=健作 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=18 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=41 end-page=50 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1961 dt-pub=1961 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Feeding Value of By-Products of the Sugar Beet Cultivation in Warm Regions. : I. The chemical Composition and Feeding Value of Beet Tops. kn-title=暖地栽培ビート副産物の飼料価値に関する研究 (第1報) ビートトップの成分と飼料価値 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The cultivation of the sugar beet in warm regions has been encouraged for the purpose of decreasing importation of sugar and of utilizing by-products of the sugar beet cultivation to live-stock feeding. With a view to making clear the chemical composition and the feeding value of by-products of the sugar beet cultivated in warm regions, some experiments have been made. The results obtained are summarized as follows : (1) No distinct variation in chemical composition of sugar beet tops could be found between the various varieties, nor between beet tops harvested at different times. Crude protein content of blades was over 20 per cent. (2) Oxalic acid contents in various parts of sugar beets were determined. (cf. Table 4). Beet tops contained 0.25-0.51 per cent. oxalic acid. In beet tops of such varieties as KL-E. Verna and Polish content of oxalic acid was comparatively high, but in those of KL-AA and Cesena rather low. (cf. Table 5). (3) Carotene content was 2.9 mg./100 g. in beet tops in the bolting Period and 2.7 mg./100 g. in beet top silage. (4) The results of digestion experiments on rabbits using beet tops (with dry matter content 12. 2 percent.) showed that the digestibility of organic matter was 91.7 per cent ; the digestible crude protein was 1.64 per cent. and the total digestible nutrient 9.5 per cent. (cf. Tables 6 and 7). (5) The beet top silage made without any additive had a satisfactory pH 4.09, and contained 2.65 per cent. lactic acid, 0.47 per cent. acetic acid, and 0 per cent. butyric acid. The rate of ammoniacal nitrogen to the total nitrogen was 5 per cent. The silage seemed to be palatable to live-stock. (6) Oxalic acid content of the beet top silage was 0.43 per cent. It was found that about thirty percent of oxalic acid diminished during storage. (7) The results of digestion experiments with the beet top silage on rabbits are shown in Table 12. Contents of dry matter, digestible crude protein and the total digestible nutrient of the silage were 13.5, 1.5 and 9.6 per cent. respectively. (8) The loss of dry matter during storage was 27 per cent. Besides, the loss of nutrients in oozed juice was also studied. (cf. Table 16). en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SutohHiroshi en-aut-sei=Sutoh en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=須藤浩 kn-aut-sei=須藤 kn-aut-mei=浩 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=UchidaSenji en-aut-sei=Uchida en-aut-mei=Senji kn-aut-name=内田仙二 kn-aut-sei=内田 kn-aut-mei=仙二 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=18 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=51 end-page=60 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1961 dt-pub=1961 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on Polder Soils in Japan. : XVII. Nature of Salted Soil Formed by Flooding of Sea Water at the Typhoon "Isewan". kn-title=干拓地土壤に関する研究 (第17報) 伊勢湾台風による冠潮塩害地土壤について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This study was conducted to determine some characteristics of salted soil formed by flooding of sea water at the typhoon "Isewan", occurred on Sept. 26, 1959, with special reference to the effect of salinity and sulfide on growth of rice plant. A survey was carried out on May 1960, on Mie Prefecture and soil samples were collected and investigated. By this survey and investigation, the following points were made clear: 1. A considerable difference in chloride content and electric conductivity was found among soil samples. It was observed that, in general, the surface soil before leaching contained a large amount of soluble salt but most of surface soil in which the leaching was accomplished showed a marked reduction of salinity, with less than 4 millimhos/cm electric conductivity. 2. The texture of sea-mud deposits was very fine, containing more than 30% of silt and 10% of clay, and an appreciable amount of H2S was produced when incubated in water-logged condition. 3. Most of the soil of this region had the common characteristic of halogenetic soil, containing relatively large amounts of exchangeable mono-valent cations and magnesium. 4. Some of the salted soil contained appreciable amounts of oxidizable sulfur and the pH values of the soil became extremely acid after oxidation with H2O2. 5. A considerable difference in content of H2S and readily soluble and HCl soluble sulfide was found among these samples of soil. The experiments have indicated that an addition of rice-straw to salted soil in water-logged condition enhanced the rate of formation of H2S and sulfides in soil greatly. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YonedaShigeo en-aut-sei=Yoneda en-aut-mei=Shigeo kn-aut-name=米田茂男 kn-aut-sei=米田 kn-aut-mei=茂男 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=干拓地土壤 kn-keyword=干拓地土壤 en-keyword=伊勢湾台風 kn-keyword=伊勢湾台風 en-keyword=冠潮塩害地土壤 kn-keyword=冠潮塩害地土壤 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=18 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=61 end-page=64 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1961 dt-pub=1961 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=On the Hydroxylation of Unsaturated Aliphatic Compounds. : I. On the Hydroxylated Compounds of the Higher Unsaturated Fatty Alcohols. kn-title=不飽和脂肪族化合物の水酸化について (第1報) 高級不飽和アルコールの水酸化物 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Bouveault et Blanc法によりオレイン酸エチル,エライジン酸エチル,ブラシジン酸エチルを還元し,オレイルアルコール(収率58%),エライジルアルコール(収率81.4%),ブラシジルアルコール(収率76.4%)を調製し,これらについてDoree法によつて過酢酸酸化を行い,それぞれから, threo-9, 10-Dihydroxyoctadecan-1-ol (収率72%, m.p. 92℃), erythro-9, 10-Dihydroxyoctadecan-1-ol (収率82%, m.P. 131.5℃), erythro-13, 14-Dihydroxydocosan-1-ol (収率65%, m.P. 131.0℃)を得た。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShinozakiYuichi en-aut-sei=Shinozaki en-aut-mei=Yuichi kn-aut-name=篠崎侑一 kn-aut-sei=篠崎 kn-aut-mei=侑一 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OharaSachiko en-aut-sei=Ohara en-aut-mei=Sachiko kn-aut-name=大原幸子 kn-aut-sei=大原 kn-aut-mei=幸子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=18 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=65 end-page=71 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1961 dt-pub=1961 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=On the Hydroxylation of Unsaturated Aliphatic Compounds. : II. On the Hydroxylation of Oleyloleates. kn-title=不飽和脂肪族化合物の水酸化について (第2報) 液体エステル蝋の水酸化について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1.純オレイン酸と純オレイルアルコールを調製しこれらからオレイルオレエート(cis-9-octadecenoyl-cis-9-octadecenoate)を合成し更に過酢酸法により水酸化を行い,m.p. 132.5℃のtetrahydroxystearylstearateが得られた. 2.天然産の抹香鯨皮油について水酸化を行つたところ"dihydroxystearyl stearate"に近い分析値を示す物質が得られたがm.P.も明瞭でなく,その内にstearyl stearateが混在していることを確認した. 3.この抹香鯨皮油は水酸化の場合,合成オレイルオレエートと全く同一条件下で反応を行つたにかかわらず発泡が著しく又生成物にtetraoxy-化合物がみつからなかつた. 4.何れの場合にも水酸化と共に二重結合位において異性化が起つたり,過酸化物が生成し,開裂も起り低分子化合物の副成することが充分うかがわれる。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShinozakiYuichi en-aut-sei=Shinozaki en-aut-mei=Yuichi kn-aut-name=篠崎侑一 kn-aut-sei=篠崎 kn-aut-mei=侑一 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OharaSachiko en-aut-sei=Ohara en-aut-mei=Sachiko kn-aut-name=大原幸子 kn-aut-sei=大原 kn-aut-mei=幸子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=19 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=16 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1962 dt-pub=1962 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Transplantation of Sugar Beets. : I. The Effects of the Age of Seedlings of Sugar Beets on the Shapes of Harvested Beet Roots. kn-title=甜菜の移植に関する研究 (第1報)移植苗の大小の菜根の形状に及ぼす影響 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=(1)本実験は岡山大学農学部圃場において,普通栽培した甜菜について,昭和35年8月15日を移植期として同7月15日播の株を大苗(草丈約30cm,本葉数12〜14枚,根長12〜13cmに切断)とし,7月21日播の株を小苗(草丈約15cm,本葉数4〜6枚,根長6〜7cmに切断)として移植栽培試験を行つた.(2)本圃における元肥施用の有無は小苗にとつてはその活着にきわめて密接な関係を生じ,元肥施用後に移植すると活着障害をおこして枯死株を続出するが,大苗では元肥施用の有無に無関係に活着する.(3)移植当時の切わら被覆は本試験の範囲ではその活着に見るべき差異を生じなかつた.(4)大苗区は小苗区より収穫根重が大きい傾向がみとめられる.(5)移植栽培の収穫期における肥大根体の長さは,用いた苗の直根の長さによつて決定せられ,直根の長い苗よりは長い根体が得られる.したがつて長い無傷の直根を有する苗を移植することが,移植栽培成功の第一の鍵となる.この状態の幼若苗を得る手段としてのペーパーポット法は合理的である.(6)移植栽培にあたつて生ずる太い分岐根は苗令と密接な関係が察知せられ,幼令苗の直根切断がその原因となるようである.この苗令は本実験では4〜6葉またはそれ以下の苗と推定できるが,これについては別途検討中である.(7)移植区と直播区との根体の比較について,地上へ抽出する冠頸部にも顕著な差異が認められ,移植株において地上抽出部が著しく大きい.たゞしこの抽出現象は秋播栽培のものでは春季になつてもみられないので,秋播のものには当てはまらない。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakegamiShizuo en-aut-sei=Takegami en-aut-mei=Shizuo kn-aut-name=竹上静夫 kn-aut-sei=竹上 kn-aut-mei=静夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SasaiKazuo en-aut-sei=Sasai en-aut-mei=Kazuo kn-aut-name=笹井一男 kn-aut-sei=笹井 kn-aut-mei=一男 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=19 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=17 end-page=28 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1962 dt-pub=1962 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=異常高温の殺虫作用に関する研究 (第18報)一般考察および結論 kn-title=Studies on the Lethal Action of Abnormally High Temperature on Insects. : XVIII. General Consideration and Conclusions on the Results of the Serial Studies published hitherto. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The writer has dealt with the problem of lethal action of abnormally high temperature upon insects and resistance of insects to heat from the mass physiological and experimental autecological points of view. In this paper, however, the results obtained from these experiments have not been described in detail, but the writer's interpretations and general conclusions regarding the problems mentioned above are based on the writer's data reported serially from 1950 to 1961. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KiyokuMasao en-aut-sei=Kiyoku en-aut-mei=Masao kn-aut-name=清久正夫 kn-aut-sei=清久 kn-aut-mei=正夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=異常高温 kn-keyword=異常高温 en-keyword=殺虫作用 kn-keyword=殺虫作用 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=19 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=29 end-page=36 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1962 dt-pub=1962 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Morphological Features in Interspecific Hybrids between Pinus densiflora and P. Thunbergii. : II. Discernment of Types in Hydrids by External Features. kn-title=アカマツ・クロマツ種間雑種における形態学上の特性 (第2報)外部的特徴による雑種系列の鑑別 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The previous work in this series has shown the morphological features in interspecific hybrids between Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc.(Japanese red pine) and P. Thunbergii Parl.(Japanese black pine) in OKAYAMA University HANDAYAMA Forest(Okayama Prefecture). In this paper the results obtained in an experimental stand in Hiroshima prefecture are reported. The experimental stand is set up in the Miyazima National Forest for the purpose of studying the same problem. The author attempted to classify pure red pine, pure black pine and their hybrids tentatively into five types by major external features in the previous paper. Above mentioned tentative method is called the integral method in the present paper. In the present investgation the authors used two methods; one is the integral method and the other is the conventional method. The latter was determined and named by the investigators studying on the breeding of genus pine at the last year metting. The summarized results of these are shown on the Tables 1〜5. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IwamuraMitimasa en-aut-sei=Iwamura en-aut-mei=Mitimasa kn-aut-name=岩村通正 kn-aut-sei=岩村 kn-aut-mei=通正 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshikawaTatsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Ishikawa en-aut-mei=Tatsuyoshi kn-aut-name=石川達芳 kn-aut-sei=石川 kn-aut-mei=達芳 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=19 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=37 end-page=48 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1962 dt-pub=1962 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Seasonal Variation in Photosynthetic Rate of Campbell Early Grape in the Paddy Field Region kn-title=水田地帯のキヤンベル種葡萄の光合成能の季節的推移 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1).キャンベル・アーリーで収穫期前後にわたる早期落葉の甚だしい岡山県南部水田地帯にある岡山大学農学部の葡萄園で,結果枝上の葉について,1957〜1961年にわたつて,光合成能力の季節的推移について調査した.本品種の硬核期は大体7月上〜中旬で,収穫期は8月中旬である.2).測定方法は自然状態の葉の葉片打抜法により,光合成能力は葉面積1m2当り,午前9時〜午後3時の間の平1時均間当りの乾物増加量(mg)にて表示した.3),1961年の6月中旬,7月中旬,8月中旬,8月下旬,9月中旬,9月下旬および10月中旬における光合成能力はそれぞれ616.9,464.9,192.3,304.1,740.5,553.5および534.6mgである.すなわち6月及び9月に較べて7月中旬から,とくに8月上中旬頃の光合成能力低下が甚だしい.この現象は1958,1960年においても同様に顕著である.4).1959年には燐酸肥料以外は元肥が施用されず,とくに7月上旬の測定日(3回)のうちの1日が曇天のためか,同期の光合成能が極めて低い.7月中旬に窒素及び加里の年間施用量全量が施用されたためか,7月下旬以後10月中旬まで光合成能が例年に比し異常に大である.然し8月中の降雨状態が比較的良かつたにもかゝわらず8月中旬の光合成能の低下は認めざるをえない.5).個々の測定値について検討すると,これら光合成能低下の原因のうち,降水量,土壌水分含量等の過不足,日照状況などの影響を見のがすことはできない.6).葉中含水率(対生体重%)が葉令とともに減少する傾向はあるが,光合成能と含水率との間に相関は見られなかつた.7).本梢葉の間では葉令の差による光合成能力に差が認められない.たゞし副梢葉は8月頃には本梢葉よりも光合成能に大差がないが,9〜10月頃には同程度又はそれ以上の能力を示している。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HondaNoboru en-aut-sei=Honda en-aut-mei=Noboru kn-aut-name=本多昇 kn-aut-sei=本多 kn-aut-mei=昇 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkazakiMitsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Mitsuyoshi kn-aut-name=岡崎光良 kn-aut-sei=岡崎 kn-aut-mei=光良 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=キヤンベル種葡萄 kn-keyword=キヤンベル種葡萄 en-keyword=光合成能 kn-keyword=光合成能 en-keyword=岡山県南部水田地帯 kn-keyword=岡山県南部水田地帯 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=19 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=49 end-page=54 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1962 dt-pub=1962 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Comparison of Wool Producing Ability of the Corriedale with that of the F1 cross sheep kn-title=コリデール種緬羊と同雑種F1との産毛能力の比較 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This study has been carried out to compare the wool producing ability of the Corriedale hoggets with that of the Corriedale F1 cross hoggets that were produced by crossing the Corriedale on the other breeds of sheep to create a new type of sheep for mutton and lamb production in Japan. The F1 cross hoggets used for the comparison of the wool producing ability, wool yield and characters of 5 Corriedale hoggets were 6 Corriedale × Southdown, 6 Corriedale × Romney Marsh and 3 corriedale × Border Leicester F1 cross hoggets. Wool yields(grease fleece and clean fleece yield) and wool characters(wool fineness, stretched length of wool, number of crimps and wool density) at about 9 months after birth between the Corriedale and F1 cross hoggets born in spring were compared in 1959 and 1960. The results obtained are summarized as follows; (1)No significant differences in grease fleece and clean fleece yield between the Corriedale breed and F1 crosses were observed. However, the fleece yields of the Romney Marsh and Border Leicester F1 crosses were higher than the Corriedale breed, while the fleece yield of the Southdown F1 cross lower than the Corriedale breed. (2)There was no significant difference in the wool fineness between the Corriedale breed and F1 crosses, except in the wool fineness(significant at 0.1% level) between the Corriedale breed and Border Leicester Fl cross. The wool fineness of the Romney Marsh and Border Leicester F1 crosses was greater than the Morrisdale breed, while the wool fineness of the Southdown F1 cross a little smaller than the Corriedale breed. (3)Difference in the stretched length of wool between the Corriedale breed and F1 crosses, except in the stretched length of wool(significant at 1% level) between the Corriedale breed and Southdown Fl cross, was not significant. The stretched length of the Romney marsh and Border Leicester F1 crosses was greater than the Corriedale breed, while the stretched length of the Southdown F1 cross smaller than the Corriedale breed. (4)The numbers of crimps of the Coriedale breed, and Romney Marsh and Border Leicester F1 crosses were significantly different at 0.1% and 1% levels. The number of crimps in the Corriedale breed was the largest, while the difference in the crimp number between the Corriedale breed and F1 crosses was considerably small. (5)The wool density showed no significant difference between the Corriedale breed and Southdown F1 cross, while a significant difference was seen at 5% and 0.1% levels between the Corriedale breed and Romney Marsh and Border Leicester F1 crosses. The wool density of the Corriedale breed was smaller than the South down and Romney Marsh F1 crosses, but greater than the Border Leicester F1 cross. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SugaiKazuo en-aut-sei=Sugai en-aut-mei=Kazuo kn-aut-name=菅井一男 kn-aut-sei=菅井 kn-aut-mei=一男 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuramotoKazushige en-aut-sei=Kuramoto en-aut-mei=Kazushige kn-aut-name=蔵本和成 kn-aut-sei=蔵本 kn-aut-mei=和成 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=19 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=55 end-page=61 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1962 dt-pub=1962 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies of Sendos of Mat Rushes. : 1. On the Effect of Sendos for Coating the Stems of Mat Rushes. kn-title=イ草染土に関する研究 (第1報)染土による泥染の効果に関する一考察 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=イ草の品質は使用する染土の種類によつて変化するが,現段階においては染土のイ草に及ぼす作用そのものが未だ十分には解明されていない状態にある点に鑑み,本研究の第1段階として泥染のイ草に及ぼす機作の解明を試みた.その結果,染土作業の目的はコロイド粘土のゲル状皮膜で茎の表面を被覆する点にあること,またこのことが次の諸作用を通じて製品の品質,色調などに重要な影響を及ぼすことを明らかにした.すなわち1)乾燥過程中における効果粘土皮膜の存在によつて間接乾燥の状態となるため,乾燥は徐々に,かつ均一に進行し,このことがしわ,よぢれの生ずることを抑制し,更に葉緑素の酸化を抑えて褪色を減退させる.かつ乾燥促進の効果も若干は認められる.2)糊付の効果乾燥イに特有の直立性,柔軟性,弾力性を附与する.3)貯蔵中における効果過度の乾燥を抑制し,適温を保つ.4)色調に及ぼす効果製品の色調はイ草固有の色と附着している染土の色の綜合結果として示されることから染土の色調は製品の品質に著しい影響を与える。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YonedaShigeo en-aut-sei=Yoneda en-aut-mei=Shigeo kn-aut-name=米田茂男 kn-aut-sei=米田 kn-aut-mei=茂男 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KochiTomomichi en-aut-sei=Kochi en-aut-mei=Tomomichi kn-aut-name=河内知道 kn-aut-sei=河内 kn-aut-mei=知道 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=12 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1961 dt-pub=1961 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the origin of Mentha piperita L. kn-title=Mentha piperita L. の起原に関する研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=(1)M. piperita L. は,形態的に,M. aquatica L. とM. spicata L. の中間にあつて,両種の交雑に由来すると言われているが,筆者等は,欧州及び北米から直接とりよせた栽培系統,古く輸入されて,わが国で標本的に栽培されている系統および,栽培系統の野生化したものと考えられる自生系統等,合計8系統のM. piperitaを選んで供試し,形態的,細胞学的観察を行ない,精油を分析し,さきに育成したM. aquatica×M. spicataのF1と比較した.(2)6系統のM. piperitaは,2n=72で,これらは,単に外部形態のみならず,体細胞染色体数,減数分裂の際の染色体の行動,稔性なども,全くF1(2n=72)と一致した.それ故,2n=72のM. piperitaは,M. aquatica×M. spicataのF1そのものであるという結論に達した.(3)2系統のM. piperitaは,それぞれ,2n=120および2n=96であり,染色体数はF1と異なるが,形態は酷似していた.その起原については,前項の6系統と同様,M. aquatica×M. spicataに由来し,2次的に,染色体数に変異の起つたものと考えた.(4)M. piperitaの精油主成分は,メントールとメントンである.然るに,M. aquatica×M. spicataのF1の精油主成分は,ピペリトンあるいはプレゴンであつて,メントンやメントールは,ほとんど含んでいない.したがつて,F1の精油には,M. piperitaの精油のごとき,芳香が少なく,この点,両者間に一致が見られなかつた。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UdoSeiroku en-aut-sei=Udo en-aut-mei=Seiroku kn-aut-name=宇渡清六 kn-aut-sei=宇渡 kn-aut-mei=清六 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimizuSumio en-aut-sei=Shimizu en-aut-mei=Sumio kn-aut-name=清水純夫 kn-aut-sei=清水 kn-aut-mei=純夫 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkedaNagamori en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Nagamori kn-aut-name=池田長守 kn-aut-sei=池田 kn-aut-mei=長守 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=信州大学農学部農産製造学研究室 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=13 end-page=21 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1962 dt-pub=1962 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Laboratory Studies on the Seasonal Trend in Biotic Potential of Insect and Its Survival Potential to Insecticide. kn-title=昆虫の繁殖能力・殺虫剤抵抗力の季節的消長に関する実験的研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=年内に数回発生を繰り返えす昆虫の繁殖能力とマラソン抵抗力の季節的消長の型と消長の原因を調べるために実験室内にて3カ年連続で1対飼育したアズキゾウムシCallosobruchus chinensisの実験個体群からの任意標本を分析した.1.繁殖能力(Bp)は1化期(5月)と6化期(10月)には低く,2化期(6月)と4化期(8月・9月)にそれぞれ山を示す.この年内における変動を定温の標準飼育区のそれと比較した結果.上記の変動は季節の推移に伴い変化する総合環境に依存するものと考え,それ(Bp)と環境抵抗(W)との間に負の一次式Bp-21.555-14.495Wの関係を認めることができた.2.マラソン抵抗力の指標LC-50の季節的変動は季節の推移に伴い化期の進行にしたがつてさほど大きくはないが一方的に増加を示す.しかし定温標準飼育区のそれも,大体この変動に似ているので前者の変動を季節の推移に伴い変化した環境に依存する変動であるというように簡単に処理ができない.これに対し抵抗性変異の巾を示す標準偏差Sの変動は大体一直線的に減少をするが,それは定温標準飼育区のそれと大分趣が異なるので前者の変動を,いわゆる季節的変化として認めることができる.3.LC-50とSの変動を総合して年内におけるマラソン抵抗の季節的消長は比較的広い変異の巾をもつ昆虫集団が季節の推移に伴い,化期をかえるにしたがい次第に抵抗のレベルが強い方へそろつた比較的変異の巾の狭い集団に移行するという形式のものであると定義した.4.かようなマラソン抵抗の季節的消長の原因は昆虫集団の一定レベル以下の抵抗を有する各個体の「Vigor tolerance」がより一層増大する結果,全体として集団の抵抗性が高まることに帰因するものと考えた。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KiyokuMasao en-aut-sei=Kiyoku en-aut-mei=Masao kn-aut-name=清久正夫 kn-aut-sei=清久 kn-aut-mei=正夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsukudaRitsuko en-aut-sei=Tsukuda en-aut-mei=Ritsuko kn-aut-name=佃律子 kn-aut-sei=佃 kn-aut-mei=律子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=23 end-page=36 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1962 dt-pub=1962 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Seasonal Variation of Mineral Constituents of Ash in Tree-leaves by the Emission Spectroscopy. kn-title=発光分光分析による樹葉灰分組成の季節的変化の研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This experiment was made on the seasonal variation of mineral constituents of leaves of Sugi（Chryptomeria japonica D. Don), Hinoki(Chamaecyparis obtusa Sieb. et Zucc.) and Kuromatsu(Pinus Thunbergii Parl.), representative trees for afforestration in Japan. The author used the emission spectroscopy using a graphite electrod, and Cd as an internal standard element and has determined such elements as P, Mg, Al, Fe, Ca, Si, B, Mn and Cu. The calibration line of these elements are shown on the Figures 1〜3. The analysis of N and K was done in the ordinary method. The method of sampling is as follows: Numbers of sample trees: three trees in each kind Dates when leaves were collected: May 16, July 5, August 24, Oct. 13 and Dec. 2, 1960. (Sampling intervals of 50 days). The differences of means based on season are tested by the analysis of variance. The significant differences at 5 % level are shown by the mark *, at 1 % level are shown by the mark ** in Tables 1, 2, 3. The seasonal variation of mineral constituents of leaves are summerized as follows and shown on Figures 4〜6. (1)The contents of N, K and P of one year leaves seem to decrease from spring to autumn, whereas in two or three year old leaves such a tendency may not be recognizable. (2)The contents of Ca, Mg and Fe seem to increase from spring to autumn. (3)The contents of Mn, B, Si and Al in leaves of Kuromatsu seem to increase from spring to autumn, however, of Hinoki and Sugi may be constant. The amount of Cu seem to decrease. (4)It may be summarized that the ash ratios of leaves are connected with the date when leaves are collected and the age of leaves, since the ratios become higher from spring to autumn and as the year of leaves advances. The changes of ash ratio seem due to the deposition of the large quantity elements such as Ca, Si and Mg in leaves. In two or three year old leaves these elements are considered as surplus and released by falling of leaves. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KuroyanagiShigeru en-aut-sei=Kuroyanagi en-aut-mei=Shigeru kn-aut-name=畔柳鎮 kn-aut-sei=畔柳 kn-aut-mei=鎮 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=37 end-page=50 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1962 dt-pub=1962 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on Pre-Season Defoliation of Campbell Early Grape in the Rice-Field Region. kn-title=水田地帯のキヤンベル種葡萄の早期落葉の実態 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1)水田地帯で約70cmの厚さに盛り土した葡萄園に1949年3月に栽植されたキヤンベル種葡萄で栽植距離18×1.8mにて一文字仕立(双腕コルドン)に整枝されたものについて1959〜1961年にわたつて早期落葉の発生状態を調査し,若干の考察を加えた.2)キヤンベル種葡萄の萠芽期は4月中旬,開花期は5月下旬,硬核期は7月中旬,収穫期は8月中旬である.10〜11節で摘心された本梢葉について7月から8月末におこる早期落葉を主とし,その発生率について調査した.ほゞ9月上旬までは,先づ葉身が葉柄との接着点から離脱するがそれ以後は概して葉柄を着けた葉身が葉柄の基部から離脱する.3)先づ樹勢別3区の平均の落葉率についてみるに1958年の7月末,8月末及び9月末日の累加落葉率はおのおの4.7,22.0及び44.3%である.ところが1959年には落葉期が著しく早くなり7〜9月の各月末の累加落葉率はおのおの21.1,71.6及び88.6%となつた.その後1960年9月15日には累加落葉率が87.1%であり,1961年には8月31日に87.3%であるように連年落葉の時期が早くなつて来ている.4)1959年に前年に比し早期落葉が急増したことについては1953年に暴産したため樹勢の弱つたこと,1959年7月中旬の窒素肥料追肥によつて副梢の暴発及びおそのびによることが認められるほか,双腕コルドン整枝が誘発するT/R率のアンバランスの危期に到達したためと推定される.5)1958年及び1959年には強＞弱＞中勢区の順に早期落葉が顕著であつたのは,この両年には強勢区の樹では特におそ伸びにより,生長週期が乱されることにあるようである.然るに1960,1961年には早期落葉の順位が弱＞強＞中勢区になつたことについては,強勢区の樹勢がおさまつたこと,弱勢区では連年衰弱の程度が甚だしいことによると思われる.6)1961年における早期落葉には明らかに3つの波相がみとめられた.7月24日をピークとする第1の波相では弱勢区が特別に顕著であり,強・中勢区ではともに顕著ではない.8月3〜7日をピークとする第2の波相は第1,第3の波相よりも著しくはない.第2の波相では強勢区の落葉が特に著しい.8月21日をピークとする第3の波相は中勢区が特に顕著であり,強勢区はそれに半ばし弱勢区ではさほど著しくない.7)弱勢区では根群が極めて浅いために梅雨あけ直後即ち7月中旬の乾燥によつて落葉が誘発され,またそれによつて連年の「樹力」の衰退度が急速である.1961年においてさえ強勢区の繁茂度(単位面積当りの葉面積)は中勢区の1.71倍であることは8月上旬に至つて吸水量のアンバランス,日照不良の度をますこと,又は葉中の苦土含量も低めとなること等により落葉が誘発されるものと思われる.中勢区はその生育相が最も適正ではあるが結果性が高いために暴産に陥り易く,かえつて収穫期にはなはだしく落葉する.このことは果実1kg当りの葉面積の小であること及び前報した如く収穫直前に起る8月上・中旬の光合成能の激減と関連していることは興味がある。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HondaNoboru en-aut-sei=Honda en-aut-mei=Noboru kn-aut-name=本多昇 kn-aut-sei=本多 kn-aut-mei=昇 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkazakiMitsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Mitsuyoshi kn-aut-name=岡崎光良 kn-aut-sei=岡崎 kn-aut-mei=光良 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=キヤンベル種葡萄 kn-keyword=キヤンベル種葡萄 en-keyword=早期落葉 kn-keyword=早期落葉 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=51 end-page=63 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1962 dt-pub=1962 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The Re-rooting by Cutting out the New Roots on Some Corms. : 1. In the Cases of Gladiolus and Freesia. kn-title=球根類の根の再生について 第1報グラジオラスとフリージアの場合 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=グラジオラスとフリージア球の植付後,発生した根を人工で切除した場合,新根の再発が可能であるか否かを知るためにグラジオラス(小輪種)は1961年の7月3日から,フリージア(レフラクタ・アルバ)では1961年の9月26日から実験を開始した.グラジオラスは7月10日から8月28日まで10日おきに6回,フリージアでは10月3日から10月31日まで7日ごとに5回の根の切断を行なつた後,圃場や鉢に植付けたところ,次のような結果を得た.(1)両種とも1〜5回以上の切断を行なつても新しい根を再発し,切断各回の球根を栽培したところ,何れの場合も開花株にまで生長した.(2)球根の根の切断後,再発した根は元の根から二次的に発生したものでなく,すべて球根内に内蔵されている始源体が新たに生長したもののようである.(3)根の切断回数が増加するにともない,草丈,根数,根長,花数などはしだいに減少したが,最初の1〜2回の切断では大差がなかつた.ただし,花数だけについていえば,フリジーアでは切断回数の如何にかかわらず,いずれの場合も同じくらいであつた.(4)また,開花株数はグラジオラスの場合,切断回数の増加とともにしだいに減少することをみとめたが,フリージアでは全回にわたつて全株開花し,花数にも大きな差異は見られなかつた.しかし切断回数が増すと,両種とも開花期はしだいにおそくなつた。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YasudaIsao en-aut-sei=Yasuda en-aut-mei=Isao kn-aut-name=安田勳 kn-aut-sei=安田 kn-aut-mei=勳 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiHiroji en-aut-sei=Fuji en-aut-mei=Hiroji kn-aut-name=藤広治 kn-aut-sei=藤 kn-aut-mei=広治 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=65 end-page=74 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1962 dt-pub=1962 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=リラキシンの研究史 kn-title=History of Research of Relaxin en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=There has been a number of papers concerning relaxin. Relaxin is a nonsteroid and water-soluble ovarian hormone. Less attention has been paid to the third ovarian hormone than to steroids, namely, estrogen and progesterone. Our current knowledge of the hormone is yet incomplete. However, investigations so far made indicate that a more important role in reproductive physiology should be assigned to relaxin. It may be hard to understand throughly general phenomenon and mechanism of reproduction without knowledge of the hormone. Now, relaxin is under trial of its clinical use in women. In the field of animal prodnction, transference of fertilzed ova is in the stage of investigation now, and in the near future it will become a more important subject to be developed. However, the most troublesome technical neck supposed to be encountered in nonsurgical collection of ova is the neck of the uterus. And how to delate the cervical canal will become important. without solution of this problem, it seems to be difficult to realize the practical application of transference of ova in farm animals. Physiological function of relaxin seems to be favorable in removing the obstacles. It will for attainment of this object be repuired to use relaxin. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WadaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=和田宏 kn-aut-sei=和田 kn-aut-mei=宏 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=75 end-page=88 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1962 dt-pub=1962 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies of Sendos of Mat Rushes. : II. On the Physical Properties of Sendos. kn-title=イ草染土に関する研究 (第2報)染土の物理的性質について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The formation of gel film of colloidal matter in sendo on the surface of rush stem seems to be highly affected by the clay content and nature of the soil used in the preparation of mud water. So the mechanical composition of typical sendo samples and some physical properties of clay particles in water were studied by the authors. Sendo samples which are produced in Hyogo, Okayama, Hiroshima and Fukuoka prefectures were examined. Mechanical composition, Akashi and Awaji sendos produced in Hyogo are generally fine in texture and the contents of coarse and fine sands are less than 0.2 per cent, while the clay content varies wide from 10.2 to 40.3 per cent and decreases in the following order: Kyu-Akashi sendo＞Shin-Akashi sendo＞Awaji sendo. Kyushu sendos are also fine in texture but Hiroshima sendos are generally coarse in texture. And Okayama sendos can be devided into two groups, the fine and the coarse ones. Dispersion characteristics. Most of Shin-Akashi and Awaji sendos highly disperse in water, while Kyu-Akashi sendos coagulate completely in water. It is found that the latter contains a considerable amount of electrolyte, mostly of calcium sulfate. Hence, the difference in dispersion might be due largely to the content of electrolyte in sendo samples. Most of Hiroshima and Okayama sendos are also highly dispersive in water, while Kyushu sendos show a markedely different dispersiveness. There are sharp distinctions in the dispersion ratio, that is, the ratios of Kyu-Akashi and clayey Okayama sendos are very low as compared to the other ones. The indices of swelling increase according to the following order : Kyu-Akashi sendo＞Kyushu sendo＞Shin-Akashi sendo＞Awaji sendo＞Hiroshima sendo. Collapse characteristics. The collapse characteristics of clod in water determine the ease of preparation of mud water. Kyu-Akashi clods collapse easily and rapidly in water forming leaf-like flakes, while Shin-Akashi clods do not collapse at all, but break into only several pieces in water. Hence, a marked difference is found in the degree of collapse between the two groups of Akashi sendo, namely the former from 27.0 to 60.5 per cent and the latter from 5.3 to 16.5 per cent. The two types are also found among Awaji sendo samples, while Hiroshima, Kyushu and Okayama sendos collapse easily in water forming fine particles or granules, but the degrees of collapse are found in a rather wide range from 15.1 to 95.6 per cent. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YonedaShigeo en-aut-sei=Yoneda en-aut-mei=Shigeo kn-aut-name=米田茂男 kn-aut-sei=米田 kn-aut-mei=茂男 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KochiTomomichi en-aut-sei=Kochi en-aut-mei=Tomomichi kn-aut-name=河内知道 kn-aut-sei=河内 kn-aut-mei=知道 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=89 end-page=100 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1962 dt-pub=1962 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on Polder Soils in Japan. : XVIII. Changes of Chemical Properties of Soil in Relation to Age of Polder Cultivated Under Paddy-Field Condition. kn-title=干拓地土壤に関する研究 (第18報)干拓新田における土壤の化学的性質の経時的変化について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=It is the purpose of this report to study changes of chemical properties of the soil in a halogenetic young polder, developed along the seacoast of inner Kojima Bay, in relation to the length of time which has elapsed since these polder being diked and cultivated under paddy-field condition. Soil samples used in this study were collected from Kojima 7 Polder B Section, A Section and Kojima 3・5 Polder. 7 Polder B Section is located in a recently empoldered virgin region. Ages of 7 Polder A Section and 3・5 Polder under paddy cultivation are 5 years and about 10 years, respectively. The results obtained are to be summarized as follows: (1)Ground water contains a large amount of soluble salts and its table is very high in a recently empoldered region. As paddy cultivation proceeds, a continuous decrease in salinity and lowering of water table are observed in well drained fields. On the contrary, salinity and water table remain unchanged in poorly drained fields along the dike. (2)The content of soluble salt in recently empoldered soils is also very high in all the horizons. A considerable part of soluble salt has been washed cut from the upper layer during 5 year cultivation by rain or irrigation water, and most of surface soils show the electric conductivity of less than 7 millimhos/cm, but salinity of subsoils remains unchanged, having 7 millimhos/cm or more. After about 10 year cultivation, all of the first horizon and most of the second horizon show a marked reduction of salinity, having the electric conductivity of less than 4 millimhos/cm and 7 millimhos/cm, respectively. (3)The reaction of all the horizons of just empoldered soils lies within the range pH 7.0 to 8.1 but that of most surface soils becomes slightly acid, after 5 year cultivation, and considerably acid after about 10 year cultivation, showing the pH of 6.0-6.9 and below 5.9, respectively. (4)Of exchangeable bases, mono-valent cations and Mg are more prominent than others, and the base-exchange complex is nearly saturated with bases in just empoldered soils. It is shown that the V values and exchangeable mono-valent cations are decreased slightly in surface soils but remain unchanged in subsoils during 5 year cultivation. After about 10 year cultivation, mono-valent cations and Mg are replaced by hydrogen, and V values decrease greatly in surface soils and the composition of the exchangeable bases gradually approaches to that of normal acid soil. (5)A large amount of oxidizable sulfur is found in all the horizons of just empoldered soils and a considerable decrease of oxidizable sulfur in surface soils is found after 5 year cultivation, but a marked decrease of oxidizable sulfure in all the horizons is found after about ten year cultivation. It is shown that oxidizable sulfur is rapidly oxidized in a field condition and its product is easily leached out. A relatively close correlation is also found to exist between the degree of desalting and the decrease of oxidizable sulfur. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KochiTomomichi en-aut-sei=Kochi en-aut-mei=Tomomichi kn-aut-name=河内知道 kn-aut-sei=河内 kn-aut-mei=知道 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YonedaShigeo en-aut-sei=Yoneda en-aut-mei=Shigeo kn-aut-name=米田茂男 kn-aut-sei=米田 kn-aut-mei=茂男 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=101 end-page=110 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1962 dt-pub=1962 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=On the Autoxidation of Unsaturated Fatty Acids irradiated with the X-ray in Emulsion state. kn-title=不飽和脂肪酸乳化時照射物の自働酸化について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=(1)リノール酸,リノレニン酸,リチノール酸,およびリノール酸,ひまし油混合脂肪酸のエチルエステルについて乳化状態で3000γのX線照射を行ない非照射の対照物と空気中における自仂酸化による経日変化を比較検討した.(2)性状の経日変化の傾向は何れの場合も類型であつて変化の程度は何れの場合も照射によつて促進された.即ち経日と共にS. V. は増加してI. V. は減少する.過酸化物は増すが必ず最高値を示して以後次第に減少する.その最高値附近以後は粘度(重合度)が急増する.(3)遊離酸はエステルより照射の影響をうけ易い.(4)不飽和度の高いもの程過酸化物,水酸化物の生成量が多い.(5)二重結合が共役型であるか非共役型であるかによつて照射の影響のうけ方が異り調製上トランス化を伴い易い.共役化不飽和脂肪酸の照射時の挙動についてはなお検討すべき点が多い。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShinozakiYuichi en-aut-sei=Shinozaki en-aut-mei=Yuichi kn-aut-name=篠崎侑一 kn-aut-sei=篠崎 kn-aut-mei=侑一 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OharaSachiko en-aut-sei=Ohara en-aut-mei=Sachiko kn-aut-name=大原幸子 kn-aut-sei=大原 kn-aut-mei=幸子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=111 end-page=118 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1962 dt-pub=1962 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Effects of Fertilizers on the Harvest of Sugar Beet sowed at the Beginning of Summer. kn-title=初夏播甜菜における肥料の影響 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Growth and yield of early-summer sowed sugar beets are affected by kinds and combinations of fertilizers and methods of fertilization as follows: - 1) When some amount of super-phosphate of lime was applied to the crops on the different places, no influence was found on the growth and the yield. 2)Deep placement of fertilizer helped the growth more than row application of fertilizer, not only at the time of but also on the early stage of the crop growth. . (significant at 1〜5% level) 3)Heavier crops both in top and root harvests in the row fertilized plots were more produced than in the deep fertilized plots, but the number was less in the former plots than in the latter plots. (significant at 1% level respectively) 4)The Brix values of root were not varied either by the kinds and combination of fertilizers, or by the methods of fertilization. 5)The differences of the growth and yield between the plots of compound fertilizer and the plots of mixed fertilizer were hardly observed, however, in general, the former was slightly better than latter. 6)T-R ratio of crops in the deep fertilized plots was smaller than 1.0 and that in the row fertilized plots was larger than 1.0. 7)Branched roots were more numerous in the deep fertilized plots than in the row-fertilized plots. (significant at 1% level) en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AkamatsuSeiichi en-aut-sei=Akamatsu en-aut-mei=Seiichi kn-aut-name=赤松誠一 kn-aut-sei=赤松 kn-aut-mei=誠一 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=8 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1963 dt-pub=1963 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The Effects of the Spacing of the Sugar Beet Planting upon Its Root Habit. kn-title=甜菜の栽植密度の根部発育量に及ぼす影響 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=(1)本試験は縦30cm,横60cm,深さ30cmの根箱に篩別土壌65kgを填充し,導入2号を密植区として10株,疎植区として4株仕立とし,昭和36年2月24日播種し,4月中旬以降7月下旬まで9回にわたって根部を水洗し,主として根体重,側根重,葉重について調査した. なおこれらの重量比較は1箱総重量をもって行った.(2)春播甜菜の側根の発育は生育のごく初期の短期間に,その土壌容積内の展開限度までの生育を終える.この範囲の土壌容積では,栽植密度による大幅な差異は認められない. なおこの極限到達時期は葉重,葉面積の最大値を示す時期とほぼ一致する.(3)根体重は側根重の限度に達した頃にも相当肥大しているが,その後盛夏の7月中旬の最終調査期まで一定の趨勢をもって増加をたどった.(4)根体重の増加趨勢と栽植密度との関係について,生育の前半は密植区が疎植区よりやや上廻っているが後半において逆転し,疎植区の方が大幅に上廻るにいたる.この点は菜根としての商品価値を向上せしめるにも重要な点である.(5)暖地甜菜の夏期における茎菜の大半の枯凋喪失と,延いてはこれに伴って想定せられる側根の老化とは,秋期の生育の再開にあたってこれら器官の再生のもとに再生長を開始せざるを得ないものにする.このための生育上の停滞は現在の品種特性の大きい欠陥で,この特性の改善によってはじめて暖地甜菜普及上の活路打開が可能となると思われる。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KakegamiShizuo en-aut-sei=Kakegami en-aut-mei=Shizuo kn-aut-name=竹上静夫 kn-aut-sei=竹上 kn-aut-mei=静夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SasaiKazuo en-aut-sei=Sasai en-aut-mei=Kazuo kn-aut-name=笹井一男 kn-aut-sei=笹井 kn-aut-mei=一男 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=9 end-page=15 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1963 dt-pub=1963 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Basic Number of Chromosomes in the Genus Mentha. kn-title=ハッカ属の基本染色体数について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=ハッカ3種の核学的研究を行ない,また,稔性を調査して,次の結果を得た.1.Mentha Requienii BENTH. は,かってRUTTLEが観察したように,筆者の材料でも,2n=18であった.2.Mentha Gattefossei MAIREでは,根端で,2n=48を,また,PMCのMIに24IIを数えた.3.Mentha tomentosa D'URV.には2系統あって,一つは,2n=48,PMCのMIに24IIを示した.他は,前掲の系統中に混在し,完全不稔性によって,それと区別できたのであるが,2n=36を示した.この系統では,FMCが単期に退化を起すために,減数分裂の観察が不可能であった.4.2n=36のM. tomentosaを除けば,上述3種は,いずれも,稔性は完全で,細胞学的にも安定した種であった.以上の結果は,ハッカ属の基本染色体数は12であるという筆者等の持論を支持する.しかして,M. Requieniiは,これに合致しない唯一の種であるが,本種は,形態的にも,他のハッカと可なり違っているので,それらと,基本染色体数を異にすることもありそうだと考えられる。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IkedaNagamori en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Nagamori kn-aut-name=池田長守 kn-aut-sei=池田 kn-aut-mei=長守 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=UdoSeiroku en-aut-sei=Udo en-aut-mei=Seiroku kn-aut-name=宇渡清六 kn-aut-sei=宇渡 kn-aut-mei=清六 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=17 end-page=25 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1963 dt-pub=1963 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on Wood Properities of Forest Fertilized Sugi(Cryptomeria japonica D. DON). : II. Microscopic Observation on Tissue of Annual Rings. kn-title=スギ肥培木の材質に関する研究 (第2報)スギ肥培木の年輪構造 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=この研究はスギ肥培木の材質に関する研究の一部であるが,材質の基礎的要索である年輪構造について細胞構造の上から肥培木と無施肥木を対比して検討したものである.(1)測定の方法は各供試木の胸高(1.2m)から採取した円盤から木口面の切片を造り,この切片の連続顕微鏡写真を拡大して,読取顕微鏡を用いて測定した.測定要素は,1年輪を構成する細胞数,晩材,早材細胞数,細胞の木口面における切線方向(t),半径方面(r)の径,および細胞空隙の半径方向の径等である.(2)年輪巾の広狭と細胞生長数の関係(R1)および年輪巾の広狭と早材細胞数の関係(R2)は第1図に示されるように共に直線的関係を示し,しかも両者は略々平行線で示される.すなわち年輪巾の広狭は早材細胞の数の多少によって支配されている.(3)年輪巾の広狭と晩材細胞数の関係は,第2図に示されるように細胞数比をとると指数曲線y=bedxの型で示されるようで,年輪巾が広くなるにつれて,晩材細胞比は急激に低下し,或る年輪巾以上になるとこの比は余り変らない.しかし偽年輪細胞数を加えて,厚膜細胞数比と年輪巾との関係は上記の指数曲線より傾斜がゆるやかとなる.(4)早材,晩材,および偽年輪細胞の形を扁平率(r/t)でクラス分けして,偽年輪細胞の位置づけを示すと第3図となる.(5)年輪巾の広い材(肥培木)では偽年輪本数の増す傾向を認めるが,さらにF7,F8では着色生長帯も認められた。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IshikawaTatsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Ishikawa en-aut-mei=Tatsuyoshi kn-aut-name=石川達芳 kn-aut-sei=石川 kn-aut-mei=達芳 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuroyanagiShigeru en-aut-sei=Kuroyanagi en-aut-mei=Shigeru kn-aut-name=畔柳鎮 kn-aut-sei=畔柳 kn-aut-mei=鎮 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=27 end-page=39 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1963 dt-pub=1963 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Pre-seasonal Defoliation of Campbell Early Grape Vine. : I. Seasonal Changes in Nutrient Composition of Leaves and Berries in Relation to Pre-seasonal Defoliation. kn-title=キャンベル・アーリーの早期落葉に関する研究 (第1報)葉中及び果実成分含量の季節的推移との関係 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1.前報10)の如く早期落葉の著しい葡萄樹について,葉中及び果粒中の無機成分の季節的消長と早期落葉との関係について考証した.1961年5月15日から11月1日まで15日おきに強勢樹,中勢樹及び弱勢樹について結果枝の基部,中部及び先端の3部分の葉と副梢葉を採取し,そのおのおのについてN・P・K・Ca・Fe及びMnについて分析した.2.6月15日における強勢区,中勢区及び弱勢区の結果枝上の3部分の葉についての平均N含量は3.09,3.01及び2.83%であって,それ以後漸減し,8月15日のそれはおのおの1.81,1.77及び1.74%となった.特に弱勢区においてはN成分の急減が早い時期,すなわち,7月上・中旬頃から甚だしい程度におこっており,これが早期落葉と関連があると考えられる.3.葉中のP・K及びCaの含量の推移からみてこれらの成分含量が早期落葉の原因とは考えられない.また,7月15日及び8月1日の葉中のFeとMn含量について調査したが,これらの要素が落葉に関連するとは思われない.4.本葡萄園の結果枝の本梢集中の各区平均Mg含量は6月15日から8月1日の間に20%以上も減少しているが,このようなこととMg含量がこの頃0.20%を下廻ることを知ることが潜在的苦土欠乏症発見の一方法であり得る.5.中勢区の葉中Mg含量は他区よりも低目に推移し,特に基部葉のMg含量が7月15日から8月1日の間に顕著に急減した.このことが前報10)に述べた8月第5半旬において各区は勿論特に中勢区の落葉のピークが著しいことと関連すると思われる.6.果実中のMg含量がStoning開始直前に当る7月1日以降,収穫開始期に当る8月15日までの間に急増する.本園の葡萄樹ではすでに潜在的苦土欠乏症状に陥っているので,特に果実1kg当りの葉面積が最も少ない中勢区で葉中Mgの減少が著しいものと思われる。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HondaNoboru en-aut-sei=Honda en-aut-mei=Noboru kn-aut-name=本多昇 kn-aut-sei=本多 kn-aut-mei=昇 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkazakiMitsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Mitsuyoshi kn-aut-name=岡崎光良 kn-aut-sei=岡崎 kn-aut-mei=光良 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiramatsuKeiji en-aut-sei=Hiramatsu en-aut-mei=Keiji kn-aut-name=平松啓二 kn-aut-sei=平松 kn-aut-mei=啓二 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=41 end-page=47 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1963 dt-pub=1963 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Re-rooting after Cutting out New Roots on Some Bulbs. : II. In the Cases of Iris and Daffodil. kn-title=球根類の根の再生について (第2報)アイリスとスイセンの場合 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=球根類の中,アイリスと水仙とについて,植付け後の根を1〜3回(アイリス),3〜4回(水仙)剪去して根部からの再発根状態および開花までの生育状況を知るために1961〜1962年に実験をおこなった.実験開始日は1961年の9月21日(アイリス)と,9月21日および11月20日(水仙)で,開花は翌1962年の5月(アイリス)と,4月(水仙)になった.実験の方法は,両種とも剪根する直前まではバーキュライト内に球を埋め,アイリスは剪根後直ちに培養土を盛った鉢内に定植したが,水仙は腐敗をさけるため最後までバーミキュライト内においた.(1)剪根後発生した根数は両種とも切断回数の多いほど少なくなったが,根長ではかならずしも減少しなかった.(2)開花はアイリスでは全部に見られたが,水仙では若干不開花株を生じた.開花日は両種ともほとんど差がなく,アイスで5月20日前後,水仙で4月6〜7日であった.(3)両種とも一度切られた後に発生した新根は,切られた根からの再生ではなく,すべて球根内部に残っていた根源体から発生したもののようであった.以上の実験からみて,球根類のうち,既に報告したグラジオラス,フリージアをはじめ,アイリス,スイセンなどでは,発根の初期に根が1〜5回障害をうけたとしても,その後の栽培条件が適切であれば開花株にまで生育せしめることはさほど困難ではないようである。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YasudaIsao en-aut-sei=Yasuda en-aut-mei=Isao kn-aut-name=安田勲 kn-aut-sei=安田 kn-aut-mei=勲 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiHiroji en-aut-sei=Fuji en-aut-mei=Hiroji kn-aut-name=藤広治 kn-aut-sei=藤 kn-aut-mei=広治 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=49 end-page=57 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1963 dt-pub=1963 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Chemical Composition and Quality of Silage : VI. On the Inorganic Matter Content and Quality(1) kn-title=エンシレージの成分と品質に関する研究 (第6報)無機成分含量と品質(1) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=エンシレージの品質と,無機成分含量との関係を知るために,エンシレージ49点(青刈トウモロコシ15点,レンゲ17点,イモヅル17点)を分析して,pH価と無機成分(粗灰分・カルシウム・リン)含量との関係を統計的に検討した.研究の結果を要約すると次のようである.1)エンシレージのpH価の平均値はトウモロコシ4.29±0.46,レンゲ4.79±0.56,イモヅル4.22±0.41であった.2)エンシレージの粗灰分含量の平均値は,乾物中,トウモロコシ16.55±3.96%,レンゲ11.71±3.95%,イモヅル14.09±2.48%であった.3)エンシレージの乾物中カルシウム含量は,トウモロコシ0.74±0.24%,レンゲ1.27±0.29%,イモヅル1.56±0.54%で,トウモロコシ中の含量とレンゲ中の含量の間,トウモロコシ中の含量とイモヅル中の含量の間に,それぞれ有意差が認められた.4)エンシレージのリン含量では,トウモロコシ0.41±0.28%,レンゲ0.46±0.12%,イモヅル0.46±0.20%で,各エンシレージ間に有意差はなかった.5)エンシレージのpH価と粗灰分含量との相関関係を求めた結果,イモヅルエンシレージのpH価と粗灰分含量との間に有意な正の相関が認められた.6)エンシレージのpH価とカルシウム含量間の相関関係を求めた結果,レンゲエンシレージのpH価と乾物中のカルシウム含量との間に有意な正の相関が認められた.7)エンシレージのpH価とリン含量との間には,イモヅルエンシレージで有意な正の相関が認められた。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SutohHiroshi en-aut-sei=Sutoh en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=須藤浩 kn-aut-sei=須藤 kn-aut-mei=浩 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=UchidaSenji en-aut-sei=Uchida en-aut-mei=Senji kn-aut-name=内田仙二 kn-aut-sei=内田 kn-aut-mei=仙二 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimizuJin'ei en-aut-sei=Shimizu en-aut-mei=Jin'ei kn-aut-name=清水仁英 kn-aut-sei=清水 kn-aut-mei=仁英 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=59 end-page=61 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1963 dt-pub=1963 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=雄モルモットの恥骨縫合の弛緩に対するリラキシンと性ホルモンの影響 kn-title=Effects of Relaxin and Sex Hormones on Relaxation of Symphysis Pubis of Male Guinea Pig en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=No synergism of relaxin and androgen on symphyseal relaxation was demonstrated using guinea pig. The sympysis pubis of the male guinea pig hardly responded to the combination of relaxin and ovarian horsmones after its ossification, but there is a posibility of the relaxation befor the ossification by the treatment of these hormones. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YuharaMasataka en-aut-sei=Yuhara en-aut-mei=Masataka kn-aut-name=湯原正高 kn-aut-sei=湯原 kn-aut-mei=正高 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=和田宏 kn-aut-sei=和田 kn-aut-mei=宏 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=63 end-page=74 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1963 dt-pub=1963 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies of Sendos of Mat Rushes. : III. On the Chemical Properties of Sendos, with Special Reference to the Characteristic Composition of Akashi Sendos. kn-title=イ草染土に関する研究 (第3報)染土の化学的性質,とくに明石染土の組成特徴について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The sendos having been put to practical use in Okayama, Hiroshima and Fukuoka may be divided by their colors into two groups, the greyish and brownish ones. Akashi and Awaji sendos belong to the former and Hiroshima, Kyushu and most of Okayama sendos to the latter. The chemical composition of sendo samples, with special reference to its effects on physical behavior of sendo in mud water and on color of dried rush were studied by the authors. The results obtained are to be summarized as follows: 1)The sendos in water suspension showed reactions within the range pH 5.2 to 9.3. Hiroshima sendos are weak acid, while the others are neutral or slightly alkaline. In most of sendos, the content of soluble salts is very low, while a considerable amount of salts, mostly of calcium sulfate, is contained in Kyu-Akashi sendo. 2)The content of humus and Fe++ in the greyish group is comparatively high, while that in the brownish group is low. The content of HCL-soluble Fe2O3 in the brownish group increases in the following order: coarse sendo＜clayey sendo＜Kyushu sendo, and that in the greyish group is nearly the same as Kyushu sendo. In the greyish group, the amount of MgO is larger than CaO, while the former is less than the latter in the brownish group. 3)It is found that the base exchange capacity of sendo is closely related to the content of clay, namely, that of clayey sendos are higher than that of coarse sendos. In general, the content of exchangeable cation decreases according to the following order excepting a few samples: Ca＞Mg＞Na＞K. 4)A fairly large amount of oxidizable sulfur is found in Kyu-Akashi sendo and the pH value of soil become extremely acid after oxidation with H2O2, while the content of oxidizable sulfur in Shin-Akashi sendo is much less than in the former. On the contrary, oxidizable sulfur is not found at all in the brownish group. 5)It has been experienced that readiness of changing color is a single, serious drawback of Kyu-Akashi sendo. It is shown that the discoloration is due mainly to the oxidation of Fe++, especially of iron sulfide in Kyu-Akashi sendo. It is concluded that sufficient drying of sendo is an effective measure for preserving the characteristic bluish grey color of Kyu-Akashi sendo, and it is necessary to keep the original color. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YonedaShigeo en-aut-sei=Yoneda en-aut-mei=Shigeo kn-aut-name=米田茂男 kn-aut-sei=米田 kn-aut-mei=茂男 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KochiTomomichi en-aut-sei=Kochi en-aut-mei=Tomomichi kn-aut-name=河内知道 kn-aut-sei=河内 kn-aut-mei=知道 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=22 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=7 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1963 dt-pub=1963 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Influence of an Insecticide(Malathion) on the population Trend of Azuki-Bean Weevils, Callosobruchus chinensis. kn-title=アズキゾウムシ個体群の発生消長に及ぼす殺虫剤の影響 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=本実験はアズキゾウムシCallosobruchus chinensisの実験個体群を用い,その発生消長が毎代のマラソン処理によってどんな変化を示すかを調べるとともにマラソン処理によって生き残り個体の生理的性質が変化する事実と何パーセントかの昆虫が殺されるために,生息密度が低下する結果次代の発生が多くなるという事実の両方面からその発生消長の原因を吟味した.1.マラソン1000倍液を用いて毎代処理すると,その後の世代において往々大きい発生の山が示され発生消長の巾が大きくなり,一般に発生水準が高められる.これに対し800倍処理の場合はその後の世代に上記現象が認められなくて,発生水準が一般に低い.2.前者において繁殖率(1雌当たり産卵数)は高く,卵より羽化までの間の生育率は高い.1000倍処理区の発生が高まる原因としてこれら繁殖率と生育率の高いことが考えられる.これに対し後者においては生育率は高いが繁殖率が明らかに低い.800倍処理区の発生の少ない原因としては特にこの繁殖率の低下が帰因するのであろう.なおマラソンに対する成虫の抵抗力は処理後7代目頃まで明らかでないが,それ以後において増加する.3.マラソン処理区の繁殖率を対照区の繁殖率-密度曲線へ.またそれの生育率を対照区の生育率-密度曲線へ適合させてその適合度を調べた結果,1000倍処理区では繁殖率は大体適合するが生育率が,また800倍処理区では両者がともに上記の曲線から明らかにはずれる.故にマラソン処理で密度が低下することによって生ずる個体群の自己調節現象のみが必らずしも次代の発生の根本原因であるとは言えないことがわかった.4.要するにマラソン処理によって発生が多くなるという原因は,その処理で生息密度が低下した結果昆虫の繁殖カが増加することと,そんな密度と関係なくマラソンによる昆虫の生理的変化に基づいて生育率が増大したことに帰因すると考えられ,発生が少ないという原因はもちろん密度とは関係なく生理的な繁殖率の低下に帰因すると思われる。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KiyokuMasao en-aut-sei=Kiyoku en-aut-mei=Masao kn-aut-name=清久正夫 kn-aut-sei=清久 kn-aut-mei=正夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsukudaRitsuko en-aut-sei=Tsukuda en-aut-mei=Ritsuko kn-aut-name=佃律子 kn-aut-sei=佃 kn-aut-mei=律子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=22 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=9 end-page=19 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1963 dt-pub=1963 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Tolerance of Grape Vines to Potassium Chlortate. : (I). On the Differences of Tolerance to Potassium Chlolate among the Varieties(1). kn-title=葡萄の塩素酸カリ抗毒性に関する研究 (I)塩素酸カリ抗毒性の品種間差異(1) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1.葡萄の穂品種11種及び台品種4種について栽培実験することなく,それらの葉のKClO3抗毒性の大小によって耐乾性の強弱または少なくともILJINのいうDesciccation Resistanceの強弱を推定する目安を得る目的で本実験を行った.8月下旬から10月下旬にわたり,午後3時頃採葉したものを直ちに0.03%を標準とするKClO3液に挿し,24時間暗所に置いた後,清水に替えて明所に24〜72時間置いて葉面に現われる害徴を判定した.2.穂品種の害徴度指数をみるとMuscat of Alexandriaは0,甲州,Neo Muscat及びMuscat Bailey Aは10〜11,Campbell Early,巨峰,甲州3尺及びGros Colmanは17〜20であった.DelawareはCampbell Earlyよりも抗毒性やや強く,Red MillenniumではMuscat Bailey Aより稍弱い.3.Berlandieri×Riparia 420AはCampbell Earlyよりも抗毒性弱く,Hybrid Francは甲州と同程度である.Riparia×Rupestris 3306は同3309より抗毒性がやや弱い.本実験の範囲内では葡萄の穂品種間ではそれらの耐乾性の強弱とKClO3抗毒性の大小と比例するが,台品種間では逆に比例するものゝ如くである.4.同じく東洋系欧州種に属するといわれる甲州と甲州3尺において後者は前者よりはるかに抗毒性が小であること,及びMuscat of Alexandria種と甲州3尺の交配種であるNeo Muscatの抗毒性が両者の中間であることなどは注目に値する.5.同一樹上の葉相互間にもKClO3抗毒性に個体差が認められる。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HondaNoboru en-aut-sei=Honda en-aut-mei=Noboru kn-aut-name=本多昇 kn-aut-sei=本多 kn-aut-mei=昇 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkazakiMitsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Mitsuyoshi kn-aut-name=岡崎光良 kn-aut-sei=岡崎 kn-aut-mei=光良 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HashimotoTatsuo en-aut-sei=Hashimoto en-aut-mei=Tatsuo kn-aut-name=橋本建夫 kn-aut-sei=橋本 kn-aut-mei=建夫 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitsuharaShinji en-aut-sei=Mitsuhara en-aut-mei=Shinji kn-aut-name=満原信二 kn-aut-sei=満原 kn-aut-mei=信二 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=22 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=21 end-page=27 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1963 dt-pub=1963 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The Effect of the Previous Night Artificial Lighting on the Flowering of Morning Glory. : I. The Relations of the Intensity of Light, the Beginning Time of Lighting and Lighting Hours to Flowering. kn-title=前夜電燈が朝顔の開花に及ぼす影響 第1報電照の明るさ,点燈時刻及び電照時間数と開花との関係 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=アサガオ(Scarlet O'hara)の開花前日に電燈照明をほどこした場合,それが開花にいかなる影響を与えるかを知るため,1960〜1961年にいろいろな実験を試みたところ,だいたい次のような結果をえたので,その大要を報告する.実験方法は,2CP及び5,10,20,30,60,100Wの白熱燈を開花前日に,実験室内のアサガオ鉢上1mの距離につるし,照明時間を変えて開花現象を観察した.1)照明時刻では,開花前日の午後8〜12時から翌朝夜明けまで照明した場合は,完全開花率が低くて多くの半開ないし不開花を生じたが,翌朝1〜2時から夜明けまで照明した場合は,完開の率がかなり高くなった.2)5〜20W程度の低ワット照明では,半開ないし不開花の現われる率が少ないけれども,ワットが大きく20W以上になるに伴なってしだいに不開花の現われる率が高くなった.3)また,60Wで日没から夜の12時まで1〜5時間だけ照明した場合は,不開花はほとんどなくなり,長時間照明した場合に幾分不開花及び半開花が多く見られた.4)2CP及び5〜100Wの電照を終夜行なった場合は,完全開花はかなり少なく,ことに20W以上の実験区では完全花はまったくなかった.ただし,60W区では完全花が全体の約半数になった.5)電照の場所を室内と戸外に分け,別々に終夜照明を行なったところ,20,30,60の各ワットのもとでは,戸外においたもののほうが室内においたものにくらべ完全開花の率が高かった.別に,100W電照下で同ようの実験を試みた結果でも,やはり同じような結果をえたが,照明時刻がおそくなると,室内と戸外との影響の差がなくなった.6)アサガオの鉢を開花前日の午後5時半より午前8時半にさかのぼって毎時暗室に搬入し,翌朝まで保った実験では,例外なしに全株が完全に開花した。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YasudaIsao en-aut-sei=Yasuda en-aut-mei=Isao kn-aut-name=安田勲 kn-aut-sei=安田 kn-aut-mei=勲 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiHiroji en-aut-sei=Fuji en-aut-mei=Hiroji kn-aut-name=藤広治 kn-aut-sei=藤 kn-aut-mei=広治 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YasuiKoichi en-aut-sei=Yasui en-aut-mei=Koichi kn-aut-name=安井公一 kn-aut-sei=安井 kn-aut-mei=公一 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=22 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=29 end-page=33 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1963 dt-pub=1963 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Comparison of Skin Follicle Populations between Breeds, between Breeds and F1 Crossbreds and between F1 Crossbreds of Sheep. kn-title=めん羊の品種間,品種と交雑種F1間および交雑種F1間の毛胞群の比較 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This study was carried out to compare skin follicle populations, which are the foundation of wool producing ability, betwen breeds(Corriedale, Suffolk and Border Leicester), between F1 crossbreds(Corriedale♂　×　Suffolk♀ and Corriedale♂　× Border Leicester♀) and their parental breeds and between F1 crossbreds(Corriedale♂ × Suffolk♀, Corriedale♂ × Border Leicester♀ and Corriedale♂ × Southdown♀) of sheep. As experimental animals, casrated ram lambs in 4-5 months of age were used and histological sections of skin sampled from the mid-side region were prepared and comparison of mean number of total follicles(nx+s), primary follicles(np) per sq. mm. and secondaries(ns) per primary(np) were made between breeds, between F1 crossbreds and their parental breeds and between F1 crossbreds. The results obtained were as folllows: (1)The mean total follicle number per sq. mm. skin area of Corriedale breed was largest among 3 breeds of sheep, that of F1 crossbreds intermediate between those of their parental breeds and the difference of mean total follicle numbers between F1 crossbreds small. (2)The differences of mean primary follicle numbers per sq. mm. skin area between breeds, between F1 crossbreds and their parental breeds and between F1 crossbreds were comparatively small. (3)The Mean numbers of secondary follicles per primary follicle between breeds, between F1 crossbreds and their parental breeds and between F1 crossbreds showed a similar trend to those in the mean total follicle number. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SugaiKazuo en-aut-sei=Sugai en-aut-mei=Kazuo kn-aut-name=菅井一男 kn-aut-sei=菅井 kn-aut-mei=一男 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuramotoKazushige en-aut-sei=Kuramoto en-aut-mei=Kazushige kn-aut-name=蔵本和成 kn-aut-sei=蔵本 kn-aut-mei=和成 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=22 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=35 end-page=46 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1963 dt-pub=1963 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies of Sendos of Mat Rushes. : IV. The Effect of Bentonite and Chemicals on Dispersiveness of Sendos in Preparing Mud Water. kn-title=イ草染土に関する研究 (第4報)ベントナイト及び化学薬品による染土の分散効果について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Previous studies showed that there is a marked difference among the dispersion characteristics of sendo samples, and the coating work with sendo seems to be highly lessened by their dispersiveness in water. Therefore, in this study the effects of bentonite and chemicals on dispersiveness of sendos in preparing mud suspension were studied by the authors. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1)Two kinds of bentonite samples produced in Gunma and Shimane prefectures are used in this study. The former may be classified as alkali bentonite and the latter as alkaline-earth bentonite according to their chemical and physical characteristics. 2)Sendo samples contained 10 percent of Gunma bentonite were prepared with Akashi, Awaji, Hiroshima, Kyushu and Okayama Sendos, and dispersion characteristics of these samples were compared with that of a non-treated sample. It is found that pH value and dispersiveness are more or less increased by the addition of bentonite and its effect has been exhibited strongly upon sendos which coagulate markedly in water. And the effect of Shimane bentonite is much less than that of Gunma bentonite. 3)Kyu-Akashi sendo samples contained 0.5 percent of sodium carbonate or 0.25 percent of sodium silicate are also highly dispersive in water, while non-treated samples coagulate completely in water. A combination of bentonite with chemicals is superior to bentonite and chemicals used singly for the increase of dispersiveness of sendos. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YonedaShigeo en-aut-sei=Yoneda en-aut-mei=Shigeo kn-aut-name=米田茂男 kn-aut-sei=米田 kn-aut-mei=茂男 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KochiTomomichi en-aut-sei=Kochi en-aut-mei=Tomomichi kn-aut-name=河内知道 kn-aut-sei=河内 kn-aut-mei=知道 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=23 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=6 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1964 dt-pub=1964 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Growth Form of the Experimental Population of Azuki-Bean Weevils under an Insecticide Treatment kn-title=殺虫剤処理下のアズキゾウムシ実験個体群の生長形 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=この実験はアズキゾウムシ実験個体群により,雌雄1対の個体が世代から世代へ増殖する期間中に,マラソンとDDTの乳剤を散布するとどのような個体群生長形が見られるか,またそれが殺虫剤の散布をしなかった場合の生長形とどのように異なるかを調べ,併せてそれら生長形の成因を論じたものである.1.殺虫剤処理区に見られる個体群生長形は従来からショウジョウバエやコクヌスットモドキで知られたLogistic Curveであって,その上方漸近線の高さは通常未処理区より高くなった.これに対し殺虫剤の処理をしなかった場合のそれは,上記のようなLogistic Curveよりもむしろ発生初期は指数曲線に近く,最高の密度に到達してから後は1種の双曲線であった.2.前者がLogistic Curveを示す理由は発生初期より1部の個体が殺虫剤により調節され,増殖率がLogistic Curveの式dN/dt=N(r-iN)に従がうからである.これに対し後者の生長曲線が初期に指数曲線を示した理由は,この虫の発生初期の環境が増殖に対してきわめて良好であるので,個体群が生物増殖の原則(即ちdN/dt=rN)にしたがい生長するからである.ところがそれ以後双曲線を示す理由はこれまでの理想環境が急激に,増殖に対してきびしい環境に変化するので虫の増殖率と密度の関係が示す方式に従がって個体群生長が急激に圧えられるからである.3.殺虫剤処理区のLogitstic Curveの上方漸近線がより高くなる理由は1部の個体が殺虫剤により調節された結果,その密度圧が比較的低いことに帰因するように思われるが,厳密に言うとその様な密度依存現象のみが主な原因ではなく,虫の発生中に上式のrおよび(r-iN)が殺虫剤に調整されて増加することが重要な原因であると考える。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KiyokuMasao en-aut-sei=Kiyoku en-aut-mei=Masao kn-aut-name=清久正夫 kn-aut-sei=清久 kn-aut-mei=正夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=23 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=7 end-page=11 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1964 dt-pub=1964 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on Wood Properties of the Forest Fertilized Sugi(Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) : IV. On the difference in the width of growth rings between fertilized trees and non-fertilized ones. kn-title=スギ肥培木の材質に関する研究 (第4報)スギ肥培木と対照木の年輪構成の差異について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This work is one of the studies made by the authors on wood properties of forest fertilized Sugi(Cryptomeria japonica D. Don). In this paper the widths of growth ring of fertilized trees and of non-fertilized ones are compared and examined under microscopic observation. These test trees are produced in the experimental forest of Kyoto University, Shirahama, Wakayama Prefecture(fertilized trees 3, non-fertilized trees 3, total number 6) and Okutsu-cho, Tomada, Okayama Prefecture(fertilized trees 2, non-fertilized trees 2, total number 4). The following items are observed and measured about the disk at breast height: a)Average width of annual ring b)Average number of cell consisting of an annual ring c)Width of late wood and number of cell d)Width of early wood and number of cell e)Width and number of false ring, number of cell. The results may be summerized as follows: 1)In diameter at breast height, height and volume, the differences between two populations characterized by fertilization and non-fertilization are quite significant at the 1 % level. (as shown table 1). 2)In the width of growth ring and average number of cell, the differences between two populations are significant at the 1 % level. 3)In the width of late wood and cell number, the differences are significant at the 5 % level except some portion, but are not significant at the 1 % level. The difference in the ratio of late wood between two populations is not quite significant at the 5 % level, so it seems reasonable to assume that the difference in the ratio of late wood between fertilized trees and non-fertilized ones is negligible. 4)In the width of early wood and number of cell, the significant difference between two populations is recognized at the 5 % level, but the difference in the size of cell is not significant. And this indicates that the difference in the width of growth ring between fertilized trees and non-fertilized ones depends upon the number of cell, but is not concerned with the size of cell. 5)The false rings are found more in fertilized trees, and the difference between two populations is significant at the 1 % level. 6)The significant difference is not recognized in the ratio of the number of cell in an annual ring to the number of cell in a late wood and false rings between two populations. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KuroyanagiShigeru en-aut-sei=Kuroyanagi en-aut-mei=Shigeru kn-aut-name=畔柳鎮 kn-aut-sei=畔柳 kn-aut-mei=鎮 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishidaTeruaki en-aut-sei=Nishida en-aut-mei=Teruaki kn-aut-name=西田晃昭 kn-aut-sei=西田 kn-aut-mei=晃昭 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=23 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=13 end-page=22 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1964 dt-pub=1964 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Leaf Analyses of Campbell Early and Muscat Bailey A Grape-vines in Respect to Nutrient Level. kn-title=葉分析によるキャンベル・アーリーおよびマスカット・べーリーAの適正栄養度の判定 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1.岡山県南部の岡山和気及び備前の3地区のCampbell Early及びMuscat Bailey Aのそれぞれ12又は8園をえらび,6月15日と,Campbell Earlyでは8月1日(成熟期8月中旬),Muscat Bailey Aでは8月13日(成熟期9月中旬)の2回ずつ,結果枝の第6又は第7節位葉を採取し,N・P・K・CaおよびMgについて葉分析を行なった.2.Campbell Earlyの葉中Mg含量は6月15日の0.29%(100)から8月1日の0.25%(86)まで減少した.これらの葡萄園のCampbell Earlyは潜在的Mg欠乏の初期段階にあるものと推定される.3.一方,Muscat Bailey AのMgの含量は6月15日と8月13日では夫々0.19%(100)と0.30%(158)であった.このような早期潜在的Mg欠乏とも云うべきものの機構について2,3の考察を行なった.4.Campbell Earlyについては6月15日と8月1日の葉中N含量はそれぞれ3.20%(100)と2.35%(73)であった.少くともN含量は8月中旬まではこれよりもやや含量が多くあることが望ましいという建前からとすると,8月1日のN含量が6月15日のそれの73%の低さであったことは警戒に値する.Muscat Bailey AのNについての栄養度もCampbell Earlyと略々同じ傾向を示した.5.岡山県の10a当り標準収量2,250kgであるのに,10園中優良園とみられる4園の平均収量でさえ10a当り1,672kgであった.普通園とみられる他の6園の平均収量は10a当り1,313kgであった.この事実はこれらの葡萄園の栽培要因と関連して検討しなければならない.6.本実験の範囲内では8月1日に採葉した.Campbell Earlyの葉中N含量とChloropbyll含量との相関の有意性は認められなかった.葉のN含量(%)と葉の生育に関連ある第6節位葉の縦径(中肋長)及び横径(葉巾)等との間の相関係数についてはN(%):縦径,N(%):葉巾,およびN(%):縦横積(L×B)ではそれぞれ+0.041,+0.486及び+0.245であった.しかしN(%):B/L ratioについてはγ=+0.652で,より高い相関が認められた.もし更に多くの試料について検討したならばその相関関係はより高くなるのではあるまいか.7.ただし,第7節位葉についてN(%):B/L ratioに関する同様な相関を求めたところ,上記とは反対に,γ=-0.404であって負の相関を示した.かかる矛盾した現象について2・3の考察を行なった。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkazakiMitsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Mitsuyoshi kn-aut-name=岡崎光良 kn-aut-sei=岡崎 kn-aut-mei=光良 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NasuEiichiro en-aut-sei=Nasu en-aut-mei=Eiichiro kn-aut-name=那須栄一郎 kn-aut-sei=那須 kn-aut-mei=栄一郎 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HabaraAkihiro en-aut-sei=Habara en-aut-mei=Akihiro kn-aut-name=羽原昭博 kn-aut-sei=羽原 kn-aut-mei=昭博 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HondaNoboru en-aut-sei=Honda en-aut-mei=Noboru kn-aut-name=本多昇 kn-aut-sei=本多 kn-aut-mei=昇 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=23 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=23 end-page=28 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1964 dt-pub=1964 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The Effect of the Previous Night Artificial Lighting on the Flowering of Morning Glory. : II. Effects of the Lighting and the Distance from the Lamp to the Plant. kn-title=前日電照による朝顔の開花試験 (第2報)電灯からの距離による影響 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=前日電照が朝顔の開花に及ぼす影響を知る一つの方法として,1962年の夏に次のような実験を行なった.光源からの距離は0.4〜3mとし,電灯は60Wの白熱灯,10W及び20Wの螢光灯を使用した.実験は室内で行ない,照明時刻は何れの場合も終夜照明とした.以下にその概要を述べてみよう.(1)60Wの白熱灯を0.5〜3mの距離においた場合は,完全開花したものは一つもなく,半開及び不開花の花も光源からの距離が遠くなるに伴って減少した.(2)朝顔の開花に対する螢光灯の影響も白熱灯を用いたのとほとんど同じであるが,同じルックスの電灯で照射した場合は白熱灯の開花抑制力が螢光灯よりもはるかに大であった.(3)螢光灯20Wと10Wとをくらべると,20Wのほうが10Wより開花抑制力は大きいが,同じルックスにした場合は両者の間にほとんど差異は見られなかった.(4)同一の朝顔個体に2〜3日連続して電照を行なった場合は,毎日ちがった個体を使用した場合にくらべ,開花能力を抑える傾向があるようである。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YasudaIsao en-aut-sei=Yasuda en-aut-mei=Isao kn-aut-name=安田勲 kn-aut-sei=安田 kn-aut-mei=勲 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiHiroji en-aut-sei=Fuji en-aut-mei=Hiroji kn-aut-name=藤広治 kn-aut-sei=藤 kn-aut-mei=広治 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YasuiKoichi en-aut-sei=Yasui en-aut-mei=Koichi kn-aut-name=安井公一 kn-aut-sei=安井 kn-aut-mei=公一 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=23 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=29 end-page=40 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1964 dt-pub=1964 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Feeding Value of By-Products of the Sugar Beet Cultivation in Warm Regions. : II. Feeding Values of Beet Top Silage, Sun-Cured Beet Top, Beet Pulp Silage and Beet Pulp. kn-title=暖地栽培ビート副産物の飼料価値に関する研究 (第2報)ビートトップサイレージ,乾燥ビートトップおよびビートパルプの飼料価値 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The authors have already published a report on the feeding values of by-products of sugar beet cultivation in warm regions. This is the report of some experiments successively made on the feeding values of beet top silage, sun-cured beet tops, beet pulp silage and beet pulp. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1)The beet top silage made without any additive had a good value of pH 3.7, and contained 3.6 per cent lactic acid and 0 per cent butyric acid. Pro-vitamin A content of the beet top silage was 1-2 mg. per 100 g. The silage was found to be a favourite feed with live-stock. Beet top silage contained 544 mg. oxalic acid per 100 g. The nutrient loss in fermentation process was 24 per cent in organic matter and 9 per cent in crude protein. The results of digestion experimets on rabbits showed that the digestibility coefficient of organic matter was 78 per cent; the digestible crude protein was 2 per cent and the total digestible nutrient 10.4 per cent(cf. Table 9). 2)The beet tops lost 24 per cent of organic matter, 17 per cent of crude protein and 86 per cent of carotene during 10 days of sun-curing. The results of digestion experiments on rabbits showed that the digestibility coefficient of organic matter was 66 per cent, lower than that of fresh beet tops or beet top silage. The sun-cured beet tops were less palatable to rabbits than the fresh beet tops or the beet top silage. The contents of digestible crude protein and total digestible nutrient were 8.4 per cent and 42.0 per cent respectively. 3)A good silage was able to be prepared from beet pulp. Furthermore, addition of morea in silage-making with the beet pulp was effective and the morea added silage was palatable to live-stock; it had the following properties: pH 4.15, lactic acid 1.89 per cent. acetic acid 0.25 per cent and butyric acid 0 per cent. The results of digestion trials on goats are shown in Table 19. The digestible crude protein and the total digestible nutrient were respectively 1.8 per cent and 13.5 per cent. 4)The digestible crude protein and the total digestible nutrient of dried beet pulp were respectively 5.9 per cent and 69.0 per cent. 5)The rsults of digestion trials by chromic oxide method using goats as experimental animals were compared with those obtained by the total collection method(cf. Table 23). The application of chromic oxide method to estimating the digestibility seems to be practically satisfactory and convenient. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SutohHiroshi en-aut-sei=Sutoh en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=須藤浩 kn-aut-sei=須藤 kn-aut-mei=浩 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=UchidaSenji en-aut-sei=Uchida en-aut-mei=Senji kn-aut-name=内田仙二 kn-aut-sei=内田 kn-aut-mei=仙二 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KomakiToshiro en-aut-sei=Komaki en-aut-mei=Toshiro kn-aut-name=小牧敏郎 kn-aut-sei=小牧 kn-aut-mei=敏郎 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=8 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1964 dt-pub=1964 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Transplantation of Sugar Beets. : II. On the Relation between the Growth Stages of Seedlings when the Tap Roots were cut and the Shape of the Branched Roots regenerated. kn-title=甜菜の移植に関する研究 (第2報)甜菜の直根の切断時期と分岐根発生との関係 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=(1)本実験は甜菜の移植にあたり分岐根,いわゆる"たこ足"と称する太い分岐根の発生と苗令との関係を調査するために,特別の根箱にて苗を養成し,一定の苗令に達した時期に根を切断して分岐根の発生状況を調査した.実験期間は昭和36年10月より翌37年6月までとし,なお冬期間はビニールハウス内にて生育を促進せしめて行なったものである.(2)根箱は縦30cm,横60cm,深さ30cmの木箱の前面の板を取りはずしのできるようにし,これに篩別土壌(65kg)を填充した.その際,箱の地表面より10cmの深さの位置に箱の内側に接して巾3cmの亜鉛鉄板にて60×30cmの中空の矩形の框を水平に埋没した.幼植物が所定の葉数に達した時に前板をはずし,この埋没框を前方に抜き取ることにより,土中10cmの深さの位置にて直根を含むすべての根を切断し,その後再びそのまゝ生育を続けさせるようにした.(3)供試甜菜は10月10日播,1箱8本立とし,根部切断期としては本葉2葉期(11月10日),局4葉期(11月16日),同6葉期(11月27日),同8葉期(12月7日)の4回とし,これらを翌年2月26日〜3月8日,4月24〜30日,6月6日の3回に根部を調査した.(4)上記葉位の範囲内での直根の切断により,その切断部位より太い分岐根が群生し,その数については葉位の進んだ時期の断根ほど多数に再生発根するが,その太さは比較的細く,しかも各分岐根間の太さの差が少ない.(5)再生した分岐根の太さについては,発根数の場合とは反対に,きわめて太い分岐根は生育の幼少な本葉2〜4葉期の直根切断においてみられ,それより生育が進むと分岐根数は増すが太さは細くなる.(6)以上の断根は地表面より10cmの深さの部位での結果であり,それより浅い部位または深い層での断根についての反応は将来の研究にまつところである。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakegamiShizuo en-aut-sei=Takegami en-aut-mei=Shizuo kn-aut-name=竹上静夫 kn-aut-sei=竹上 kn-aut-mei=静夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SasaiKazuo en-aut-sei=Sasai en-aut-mei=Kazuo kn-aut-name=笹井一男 kn-aut-sei=笹井 kn-aut-mei=一男 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=9 end-page=18 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1964 dt-pub=1964 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Considerations on the Adaptive Changes induced by the Insecticidal Selection in Experimental Populations of Callosobruchus chinensis. kn-title=アズキゾウムシ実験個体群内において殺虫剤の選抜によって生じた適応的変化に関する考察 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=この実験においては,アズキゾウムシの実験個体群を毎代DDT,マラソン,スミチオン,バイジットによって実験個体の過半数が死ぬ程度に処理し,その結果生残者およびその子孫の産卵率,生育率,性比,寿命,体重および殺虫剤に対する抵抗性がどのように変化するかを調べ,合わせてそれらの変化の機構についても推論を行なった.そのような殺虫剤処理区の諸性質の変化の大要は以下のとおりである.1)産卵率と生育率とは一般に対照区より低いが毎代処理を重ねて行くとそれが次第に対照区に回復する傾向を示す.2)性比は実験初期世代では雄の割合が多いけれどもその後の世代では雌の割合が目立って多くなる.3)雌成虫の寿命は世代によってしばしば対照区より顕著に長い場合がみられ,雄体重は初期世代では軽いこともあるが後期の各世代では明らかに重くなる.4)殺虫剤に対す抵抗性は世代の進むのに伴い大体一方的に増加をする.5)個体僻の性質の均一性を示すところの標準偏差の変化を調べた結果,産卵率,生育率,雌の寿命,雄の体重の標準偏差はいずれも実験の初期の世代では対照区より増加を示し,その後の世代では減少するという共通点を示している.これに対して抵抗性の標準偏差は世代の進行に対して増加する場合と逆に減少する場合とがある.6)上記各種性質の変化の機構は,変化する性質の種類によりまた同一の性質の中にも異なったものが存在することが推察された.しかしそれらはいずれも殺虫剤処理に対して生き残りの個体や個体群が直接または間接的に反応して,その結果は繁殖や生存に都合のよい方向への変化であると考えられるから一種の生態的適応という解釈を与えた。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KiyokuMasao en-aut-sei=Kiyoku en-aut-mei=Masao kn-aut-name=清久正夫 kn-aut-sei=清久 kn-aut-mei=正夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsukudaRitsuko en-aut-sei=Tsukuda en-aut-mei=Ritsuko kn-aut-name=佃律子 kn-aut-sei=佃 kn-aut-mei=律子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=19 end-page=22 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1964 dt-pub=1964 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The Effect of Previous Night Artificial Lighting on the Flowering of Morning Glory. : III Flowering Experiments by the Colored Fluorescent Lamp and the Covering on the Buds and Leaf. kn-title=前日電照が朝顔の開花に及ぼす影響 (第3報)色螢光灯及び蕾や葉の被覆による開花試験 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1963年の7〜8月,朝顔の開花が光の波長により相異があるか否かを知るため,波長のわかっている赤,黄,青の色螢光灯(20W)下に材料を置いて実験をおこなった結果,波長の長いものほど開花を抑えることがわかった.また朝顔の蕾に電照する場合,蕾を黒布で覆った場合は裸の蕾に比べ完開花が断然多かった.以上の結果をやや具体的に述べてみると次の通りである.波長が最も長い赤色螢光灯下での開花率は完開が最も低く,半開と不開花率が高かった.波長の最も短かい青色螢光灯下では完開率が最も高くなり,不開花率が低くなった.両者の中間にある波長の黄色螢光灯下の開花状態は,ほぼ赤と青との中間であった.蕾に黒布を覆い,100W電照下で終夜照明した結果では,完開花が80パーセント近くであったのに対し,黒布を冠せなかった電照区の開花率は,完開0,半開15%余,不開は84%以上であった。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YasudaIsao en-aut-sei=Yasuda en-aut-mei=Isao kn-aut-name=安田勲 kn-aut-sei=安田 kn-aut-mei=勲 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YasuiKoichi en-aut-sei=Yasui en-aut-mei=Koichi kn-aut-name=安井公一 kn-aut-sei=安井 kn-aut-mei=公一 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=23 end-page=28 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1964 dt-pub=1964 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The Effect of Previous Night Artificial Lighting on the Flowering of Morning Glory. : IV. Delay of Flowering of Morning Glory and Soluble Solid Substance in the Flower. kn-title=前日電照が朝顔の開花に及ぼす影響 (第4報)朝顔の開花遅延及び花中の可溶性固形物質について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=朝顔の蕾に室内でよわい光の前日電照を行なうと,翌朝は半開となるものが多く現われるが,これを放置しておくと正午頃に正規の花となることがある.1963年の夏,この現象を20,10,5Wの白熱灯で試験したのが次の結果である.また,螢光灯または白熱灯で前日電照下の蕾や花の可溶性固形物質をアッベの屈折計で測定してみたところ,対照区の個体にくらべかなりの差異が得られたので,その結果をも併せて報告する.(1)開花前日の蕾に20,10,5Wの白熱灯を終夜照明した場合,半開花が正午頃に正開となる率は,20Wで23.7%,10Wで65.4%,5Wでは100%となった.ただし,不開花が正午に再び正開となることはなかった.(2)60W電照下におかれた花中の固形物質の量は対照区に較べて残留率が高く,その成績は,不開,半開の順であった.特に対照区の蕾中の固形物質は最も大で,8.77%であった.そして,たとえ人工で蕾を開花させないでおいても,固形物質の量は完開花とほとんど同じであった.(3)蕾を電照したものを上下二つに切り,17〜9時固形物質を調べたところ,任意の花については一定の傾向は見られなかったが,同じ個体の花を用いた場合は,上半部の固形物質量は下半部(筒の部分)より大であり,電照区においてこの傾向はかなり大きな数値を示した。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YasudaIsao en-aut-sei=Yasuda en-aut-mei=Isao kn-aut-name=安田勲 kn-aut-sei=安田 kn-aut-mei=勲 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiHiroji en-aut-sei=Fuji en-aut-mei=Hiroji kn-aut-name=藤広治 kn-aut-sei=藤 kn-aut-mei=広治 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YasuiKoichi en-aut-sei=Yasui en-aut-mei=Koichi kn-aut-name=安井公一 kn-aut-sei=安井 kn-aut-mei=公一 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=29 end-page=36 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1964 dt-pub=1964 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The Germinability and Storage of Poncirus trifoliata Seeds. kn-title=カラタチ種子(Poncirus trifoliata Raf.)の発芽と貯蔵について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1.柑橘類の種子は短命種子でかっ乾燥に弱いといわれている.しかし,種子の発芽力の低下の原因について,水分含量のみでは説明出来ない.また,柑橘類の種子は乳熟中に発芽力を獲得するといわれている.本実験は1961〜62年にカラタチ(Poncirus trifoliata Raf.)種子の発芽特性と貯蔵法および発芽力喪失の原因を知るために行なった.2,カラタチ種子は開花後90〜105日間に発芽力を獲得し,135日目に最高に達す.その後低下する.しかし,剥皮種子は135日以後も低下することなく,発芽力を最高に持続する.種子は25℃でよく発芽する.しかし剥皮処理をすると20°および25℃よりも30℃で最もよく発芽する.ジベレリンは高温での効果は少ないが,低温での効果がみとめられた.3.30℃の高温で開放貯蔵したものは,発芽力,水分含量ともに急速に減少した.しかし低温で貯蔵したものでは,発芽力および水分含量の減少は徐々であり,20℃区では約25日で,また5℃区では65日に急速に発芽力を失なった.カラタチ種子寿命を持続させるのには,低温で貯蔵するのが有効である.4.砂に貯蔵したときには,密封または開放貯蔵より長く発芽力を持続し,室温下で全然水分を含まない砂に貯蔵したものが最も良かった.5℃で5%の水分を含む砂中に貯蔵したときには65日以上に貯蔵することができず,高温多温下で貯蔵すると貯蔵中に発芽し,低温多温下では種子が凍結したためか発芽力が劣った.5.種々の条件下で55日間貯蔵した種子の発芽力については,剥皮をすれば各区とも完全に近い発芽力を示したが,無処理種子の発芽率では貯蔵条件により,かなりの差がみとめられた.そして,室温下で0%水分含量の砂に貯蔵したものは100%発芽した。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkazakiMitsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Mitsuyoshi kn-aut-name=岡崎光良 kn-aut-sei=岡崎 kn-aut-mei=光良 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OgawaraKoshi en-aut-sei=Ogawara en-aut-mei=Koshi kn-aut-name=小河原公司 kn-aut-sei=小河原 kn-aut-mei=公司 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=InoYoshiko en-aut-sei=Ino en-aut-mei=Yoshiko kn-aut-name=稲生美子 kn-aut-sei=稲生 kn-aut-mei=美子 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=37 end-page=46 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1964 dt-pub=1964 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on Silage-Making. : VI. The Effects of Glucose as an Additive(1). kn-title=エンシレージの製造法に関する研究 (第6報)ブドウ糖添加の効果(1) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The authors1)2) have already published a few reports on silage-making with some additives. In this paper the effects of glucose have been investigated using the following materials: (a)with addition of 2 % glucose to the ensiled materials, chinese milk-vetch and Italian ryegrass and (b)without any additive(control). The changes during the storage were carefully observed and the quality was investigated by estimation of odour, taste, color, tactile, palatability and chemical composition of the silage made. Moreover the digestibilities of these samples were respectively determined by using goats and rabbits. The results obtained are summarized as follows: (1)The glucose-silage was generally superior to the control-silage in quality, the former showing less loss during the storage than the latter. Namely the properties of glucose-silage and the control-silage of chinese milk-vetch were 4.13, 4.46 respectively in pH value, 4.70, 3.10 % respectively in lactic acid content and 0, 0.35 % respectively in butyric acid content. (2)The glucose added silage seemed to be the most palatable feed to various animals(cf. Tables 6 and 17). (3)The digestibilities of the glucose-silage were higher than those of the control-silage. Average digestibilities of the glucose-silage and the control-silage of Italian ryegrass, given to 2 goats, 2 kg daily per head as the only feed for 14 days, were 60, 48 in organic matter, 48, 37 in crude protein, 61, 54 in crude fat, 57, 34 in N-free extract, and 66, 61 per cent in crude fibre respectively. (4) The conservation of pro-vitamin A during the storage was better in the glucose-silage than in the control-silage. Pro-vitamin A content was 3.41 mg/100 g in the glucose-silage and 2.51 mg/100 g in the control-silage of chinese milk-vetch. The conservation of pro-vitamin A in the glucose-silage was 92 % while that in the control-silage 64 per cent. (5)The average composition of dry matter of the chinese milk-vetch silage and the Italian ryegrass silage was 17.2, 3.0 % respectively in digestible crude protein and 57.3, 43.1 % respectively in total digestible nutrients. Furthermore the investigation is being carried out on the application of silose(a mixture of glucose and rice bran or wheat bran) to the farmers' silos, determining the proper amount of glucose, and its economical advantages. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SutohHiroshi en-aut-sei=Sutoh en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=須藤浩 kn-aut-sei=須藤 kn-aut-mei=浩 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=UchidaSenji en-aut-sei=Uchida en-aut-mei=Senji kn-aut-name=内田仙二 kn-aut-sei=内田 kn-aut-mei=仙二 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YasunoriHisao en-aut-sei=Yasunori en-aut-mei=Hisao kn-aut-name=安則久雄 kn-aut-sei=安則 kn-aut-mei=久雄 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=47 end-page=54 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1964 dt-pub=1964 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Prevention of Leucocytozoon Infection of the Chicken. : I. The Behaviour of Culicoides arakawae to an Insecticide, DA-14-7. kn-title=ニワトリのLeucocytozoon病の予防に関する研究 I. Culicoides arakawaeの1駆虫剤,DA-14-7に対する態度 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In resent years, leucocytozoon infection of the chicken was found all over Japan except in Hokkaido. And it was revealed by AKIBA (1960) that Culicoides arakawae is the intermediate host of Leucocytozoon caulleryi. But the effective insecticide for C. arakawae is not yet discovered. In this study we have tested an insecticide named DA-14-7. This insecticide was manufactured recently for trial by a pharmaceutical company. The procedure and the results obtained are as follows. Two hen-houses of nearly the same scale were used for this experiment. In the control hen-house no insecticide was sprayed. In the experimental hen-house, emulsion of DA-14-7(diluted 1/20 with water) was sprayed on the ceiling, the wall, the beam, the pillar, the droppings board and other parts except the feeder and watering installations, at the rate of 300 ml. per m2. Oily solution of DA-14-7 was also sprayed on the hen body at the rate of 7 ml. per hen. These sprayings were repeated 5 times. The first spraying was carried out on September the 14th 1961. The second one on the next day. After the second spraying, the third, the fourth and the fifth spraying were carried out every four days. After spraying, the number of C. arakawae caught by light trap in the experimental hen house did not decrease, but the ratios of engorged female flies markedly declined. The ratios of engorged C, arakawae caught in the control hen house and the experimental hen house before spraying were between 83 % and 97 %. Seven hours after spraying, the ratios of engorged flies caught in the experimental hen house were from 6.3 % to 1.1 %, and 24 hours later 18.8 %, and 72 hours later from 34.4 % to 38.4 %. We cannot be satisfied with the effect of DA-14-7 as a repellent for C, arakawae. But, if the effective period of sprayed DA-14-7 is made longer and sprayed in relatively short intervals, the DA-14-7 is effective for protecting the chicken from suffering with C. arakawae, and consequently, the opportunity of the chicken to contact leucocytozoon infection and the degree of infection may be diminished considerably. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HoriSatoshi en-aut-sei=Hori en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name=堀慧 kn-aut-sei=堀 kn-aut-mei=慧 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToriumiToru en-aut-sei=Toriumi en-aut-mei=Toru kn-aut-name=鳥海徹 kn-aut-sei=鳥海 kn-aut-mei=徹 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanabeAkira en-aut-sei=Tanabe en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=田辺昭 kn-aut-sei=田辺 kn-aut-mei=昭 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=55 end-page=61 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1964 dt-pub=1964 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Prevention of Leucocytozoon Infection of the Chicken. : II. The Preventive Effect of Furazolidone on Leucocytozoon Infection of the Chicken. kn-title=ニワトリのLeucocytozoon病の予防に関する研究 II. Furazolidone投与による本病の感染予防試験 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In recent years, leucocytozoon infection of the chicken has spread almost all over this country, and has given the serious damage to the poultry industry. We have been testing various drugs for the prevention of this disease, and in this study we have tested the preventive effect of furazolidone (nf-180) with leucocytozoon infection of the chicken. The procedure and the results obtained are as follows. Day old 200 chicks(♂100, ♀100) of White Leghorn were devided into 5 groups. Every group contains 20 males and 20 females. Group I was given the diet free from furazolidone as control, group 2 was given the diet containing 0.0005 % of furazolidone, group 3 the diet containing 0.001 % of furazolidone, group 4 the diet containing 0.005 % of furazolidone and group 5 the diet containing 0.02 % of furazolidone respectively. The smear samples of blood of all birds were made once every week for the detection of gametocyte of Leucocytozoon caulleryi. Body weights were measured at the same time. The infectivity rates of group 1(control), group 2, group 3, group 4 and group 5 were 64.1 %, 66.7 %, 70.2 %, 79.5 % and 48.6 % respectively. The infectivity rate of group 5 was slightly lower than that of the other groups, but from the practical point of view, it seems that furazolidone is ineffective for the prevention of leucocytozoon infection of the chicken at such concentrations. There were no significant differences between the weight gains of these groups. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HoriSatoshi en-aut-sei=Hori en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name=堀慧 kn-aut-sei=堀 kn-aut-mei=慧 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToriumiToru en-aut-sei=Toriumi en-aut-mei=Toru kn-aut-name=鳥海徹 kn-aut-sei=鳥海 kn-aut-mei=徹 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanabeAkira en-aut-sei=Tanabe en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=田辺昭 kn-aut-sei=田辺 kn-aut-mei=昭 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=63 end-page=68 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1964 dt-pub=1964 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on Rice Culture in the Dispersible Direct-Sowing Method. : (I)Ecological Studies on the Varieties of Rice Plants by the Dispersible Direct-Sowing Method. kn-title=水稲の散播に関する研究 (第1報)散播方式における水稲品種の生態的比較 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=数品種の水稲を散播し,その生態的研究を行なった.1963年岡山大学農学部附属農場水田において,1区18m2ずつ任意配列で5品種4回反覆試験をおこなった.播種量は350g〜400g/a.とし,播種は5月26日におこなった.除草薬はDCPAを用い,その他の管理は慣行に従った.その結果は次の通りである.(1)散播における水稲草丈は各品種とも移植より短かくなる傾向が認められた.また出穂期,登熟期は移植より早くなった.(2)穂長,穂重及びワラ重では,移植＞散播となり,また単位面積当穂数では移植＜散播の関係が見られた.(3)散播は移植より一般に収量が容易に増収できる.その理由は散播の場合1穂粒数は少ないけれども穂数が圧倒的に多く確保できること及び稔実歩合の高いことに起因することが判明した.(4)散播に望ましい形質を有する品種としては短稈,多ケソ性,中生あるいは早生の品種が好ましく,本試験の範囲内においては,クサブエは大体良好と言い得る.ホーヨク,PI5号の両品種は適切な管理を行うことにより,有望品種と推定される.これに反しキビヨシは比較的増収を得たが,形質的に散播には望ましくない。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AkamatsuSeiichi en-aut-sei=Akamatsu en-aut-mei=Seiichi kn-aut-name=赤松誠一 kn-aut-sei=赤松 kn-aut-mei=誠一 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=10 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1965 dt-pub=1965 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Mechanical Properties of the Forest Fertilized Sugi(Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) Woods. kn-title=スギ肥培材の機械的性質 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This work is one of the studies made by the authors on wood properties of forest fertilized Sugi(Cryptomeria japonica D. Don). In this paper, the mechnical properties of fertilized trees and those of non-fertilized ones are compared and studied. The sample trees, which were the same ones as we reported before, were produced in the experimental forest of Kyoto University(Shirahama, Wakayama Prefecture), and in Okutsu-cho, Tomada, Okayama Prefecture. The test pieces are sampled from each tree(at 1. 2-2. 0 m height). Considering the application of wood to wooden columns and beams in the case of constructions, the strength determinations are studied on two types; one is bending and the other compression. The test of compression is carried out on short wooden columns. Moreover, in the compression determination, the samples are tested in three directions: (a)Parallel-to-grain. (b)Perpendicular-to- annual ring. (c)Tangential-to-annual ring. The results may be summerized as follows: (1)The compression of parallel-to-grain and bending strength of fertilized trees are weaker than those of non-fertilized ones. In view of the fact that the strength depends on the width of annual rings and the ratio of late wood, the above result may be understood. However, the compression and bending strength of some fertilized trees in which many false rings are found in the part of late wood, are not always weak. It is considered that the strength depends on the number of false ring cells. (2)The significant difference between fertilized trees and non-fertilized ones is recognized at the 5 % level in the compression of perpendicular and tangential-to-annual ring. But in the tangetial direction to annual rings, the compression strength of non-fertilized trees is weaker than that of the fertilized trees. (3)In the bending modulus of elasticity, it is rather hard to recognized the significant difference between fertilized trees and non-fertilized ones. The mechnical properties of cell in false rings which are found in the part of late wood in fertilized trees seem to play an important part in this bending modulus of elasticity. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KuroyanagiShigeru en-aut-sei=Kuroyanagi en-aut-mei=Shigeru kn-aut-name=畔柳鎮 kn-aut-sei=畔柳 kn-aut-mei=鎮 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=11 end-page=23 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1965 dt-pub=1965 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Potosynthesis and Respiration in the Grape Leaves. : I. Photosynthesis(1) kn-title=葡萄葉の光合成および呼吸作用に関する研究 (第1報)光合成作用について(1) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1.Campbell Early, Neo Muscat, Muscat Bailey-A, Muscat of Alexandria, Gros Colmanなど5品種の鉢植えのものについて,1964年にコイトトロンまたは寒冷紗を張った遮光箱を用い,自然の気象条件下で,温度および遮光が光合成能におよぼす影響について比較した.光合成能は9〜15時の間の1時間平均,葉面積1m2当たりの乾物増加量で示した.2.6月のCampbell Earlyについての第I(A)実験においてコイトトロンによる23℃区の光合成能を100とした戸外区:23℃区:28℃区:33℃区の比数は68:100:75:53であって,23℃区の光合成能が最も高い.23℃区で6時間中始めの2時間ぐらい38℃の高温となった場合,または33℃区で快晴日には例外的に光合成能が低下した.3.同様に6月に行なった第I(B)実験によれば戸外区:23℃区:28℃区:33℃区の光合成能の比数はNeo Muscatについては51:100:64:46であり,Muscat Baily-Aについては91:100:110:89である.上記3品種中Neo Muscatが光合成について最も低温を好むことが明らかである.Muscat Baily-Aは何らかの条件によって異なった反応を示すが,全体としては温度に対する適応の幅が広いようである.4.8月上旬Campbell Earlyで第I(A)実験と同様な第II実験を行なったところ戸外区:23℃区:33℃区の光合成能の比数は82:100:88であって,盛夏においても23℃区が好適であることが認められる.但し6月の成績に比べて23℃区の好適性が劣るが,このことについては供試個体が連日の高温にあっている前歴によることが一原因であると推定される.予期に反して33℃区:33℃+15%遮光区の光合成能の比数は100:89である.5.8月中旬寒冷紗による遮光箱を用いた第III実験において戸外区:15%遮光区:25%遮光区の光合成能の比数はCampbell Earlyについては100:120:117でむしろ軽度の遮光が有利であることは戸外区よりも葉温が低いことによることも考えられる.これに反しMuscat of Alexandriaでは同様3区の比数が100:71:41であるからこの種の耐陰度が極めて小である.1962年に同様な実験を行なったところ戸外区：15%遮光区:25%遮光区:40%遮光区の光合成能の比数が100:119:104:64であった.6.9月中下旬に行なった第IV実験によればCampbell Earlyについては戸外区:40%遮光区の光合成能の比数は100:71である.他の品種の同様な比数はNeo Muscat100:98,Muscat Bailey-A100:86,Muscat of Alexandria100:52,Gros Colmanでは100:54であった.7.5品種の戸外区の光合成能についてそれらの時期的推移および各時期における各品種間の比数について一定の傾向が認められる.9月の各品種の光合成能の比数はMuscat of Alexandria100:Campbell Early77:Muscat Bailey-AおよびGros Colman63:Neo Muscat59である.例えばMuscat of AlexandriaおよびNeo Muscatはその光合成能と人工庇陰に対する耐陰度との関連において反対の特性を示している。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HondaNoboru en-aut-sei=Honda en-aut-mei=Noboru kn-aut-name=本多昇 kn-aut-sei=本多 kn-aut-mei=昇 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkazakiMitsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Mitsuyoshi kn-aut-name=岡崎光良 kn-aut-sei=岡崎 kn-aut-mei=光良 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=25 end-page=29 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1965 dt-pub=1965 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The Effects of the Previous Night Artificial Lighting on the Flowering of Morning Glory. : V. Effects of the Combination of the Colored Fluorescent Lamps and the flowerable Limit Distance from the Influorescent Lamps on the Flowering of Morning Glory. kn-title=前夜電照が朝顔の開花に及ぼす影響 (第5報)色螢光灯の組合せが朝顔の開花に対する影響及び白熱灯の照射による開花可能の限界について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=これまでの実験で朝顔の開花に人工光線の波長の差がかなりの影響があることが分ったので,今回は赤,黄,青及びそれらの組合せがどんな影響を与えるかを知ろうとして3色のカラード螢光灯(20w)を終夜照明し,開花現象を完開,半開及び不開の3段階に区別してその結果を報告する.また,朝顔の開花にはごく弱光の前夜照明でも影響のあることが知られているので,電灯からの距離を変えることによってどのくらいの距離まで離せば光の影響を受けなくなるのか,その限界を知ろうとして電灯は2cp.5w,10w.の3種,距離は0.5〜3mの2〜6段階にして実験を行なったので,その結果をも報告する.(1)赤色灯は完開を抑えて半開または不開花を増し,青色灯はほとんど完開花のみを生じた.黄色灯は赤と青との中間的の影響力を示した.(2)同じ色の電灯が重複すると,赤と黄の電灯は完開花を皆無にし,青の電灯は若干の完開を生じた.(3)赤+黄や赤+青のように赤色光が他の色に加わると完開はなくなり,不開花を多くする.青+黄のように赤が加わらない場合はわづかながら完開花を生じ,不開花が減っただけ半開を多くする.(4)赤+黄+青になると,完開は皆無となり半開花をかなり多く生じた.(5)青は開花に一番影響を与えない光であるが,重複の場合はかなり完開をわるくする.その程度は赤の単独よりは影響が少なかった.(6)電照により開花にほとんど影響を与えなかった距離の限度は室内と戸外とで異なり,室内実験では2cp.なら1〜3m,5wで3mであり,戸外実験では2cp.で3〜0.75m,5wで3〜1m,10wでは3mであった。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YasudaIsao en-aut-sei=Yasuda en-aut-mei=Isao kn-aut-name=安田勲 kn-aut-sei=安田 kn-aut-mei=勲 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YasuiKoichi en-aut-sei=Yasui en-aut-mei=Koichi kn-aut-name=安井公一 kn-aut-sei=安井 kn-aut-mei=公一 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=31 end-page=36 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1965 dt-pub=1965 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Prevention of Leucocytozoon Infection of the Chicken : III. The Preventive Effect of Diaveridine. kn-title=ニワトリのLeucocytozoon病の予防に関する研究 (第3報)Diaveridine投与による感染予防効果 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1.diaveridineを飼料に最高0.01%から最低0.0001%までの各種の濃度になるように添加して,これを連続投与して本病の感染予防試験を行なった.その結果0.01%ならびに0.005%添加区においては感染が認められなかったが0.0025%以下の添加濃度では感染鶏が高率に認められた.従って本剤の最低有効濃度は一応0.005%の附近にあると思われる.しかしながら1964年度は,全国的に本病の予防剤としてpyrimethamineが発売されたため,岡山県下でも本病の発生が少なく,岡山大学農学部構内の鶏舎でも本病の感染率が一般に低かった.すなわち第1区の無添加対照区の感染率は35.0%であり,同時に行なった他の試験でも,薬剤無添加区での感染率は20〜30%が普通であって,第1試験でみられたような濃厚感染は認められなかった.第2試験の0.001%添加区で81.3%の感染率を示したのはむしろ例外的現象と考えられる.従って第2試験の0.005%添加区がもしさらに濃厚な感染に曝された場合,果して完全に本病の感染を防ぎ得るか否かは疑問であるので,本剤を実地に応用する場合,最低有効濃度は0.005%より上にあると考えた方が安全と思われる.2.試験期間中における試験鶏の体重,産卵率,卵重等の推移を各区別の平均値で図示したように,いずれの場合も本剤がニワトリに対して毒性を示しているとは認められなかった.ただし第1図で,8月1日以後第3区および第4区の平均体重曲線が降下しているのは,第3区で2羽第4区で1羽がそれぞれ内臓型淋巴腫症に罹患し,体重が900gないし660gに減少したものが出たためであるが,8月29日現在の体重で,無添加対照区との間でF検定を行なっても5%の水準において有意の差は認められていない.第2図の平均産卵率の曲線についても,同様な傾向が見られるが,これも前記と同じ理由によるものと考えられ,期間中の総産卵個数について,対照区と各区の間でF検定を行なったが,いずれの場合も有意の差は認められなかった.3.ニワトリのcoccidium症に対するdiaveridineの効果は,前記の通りM. L. Clark3)によれば,sulfa剤と混じた場合0.001%であるといい,同じくpyrimethamineの効果は,S. B. Kendall&L. P. Joyner5)によると,sulfa剤と混合した場合0.004%が適当と認めている.従って,この両者はニワトリのcoccidiim症に対してはほぽ同等の効力を有しているものと見られるが,ニワトリのleucocytozoon病に対するpyrimethamineの最低有効濃度は著者ら2)の成績では0.00005%であるのに反し,diaveridineは前記の通り0.005%であるとすると,本病の予防効果では両者の間に100倍の開きが認められるわけであって興味深いことである.4.以上の試験により本剤単味の場合の最低有効濃度がほぼ0.005%であると判明したが,この濃度では実際の野外での応用の場合薬価の点で問題を生ずる恐れがある.したがってsulfa剤と混合投与した場合その相乗効果によりさらに投与濃度をさげる研究が行なわれないと本剤単味では応用範囲が限定されると考えられる。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HoriSatoshi en-aut-sei=Hori en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name=堀慧 kn-aut-sei=堀 kn-aut-mei=慧 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToriumiToru en-aut-sei=Toriumi en-aut-mei=Toru kn-aut-name=鳥海徹 kn-aut-sei=鳥海 kn-aut-mei=徹 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanabeAkira en-aut-sei=Tanabe en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=田辺昭 kn-aut-sei=田辺 kn-aut-mei=昭 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=37 end-page=42 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1965 dt-pub=1965 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Prevention of Leucocytozoon Infection of the Chicken. : IV. The Ecological Findings of Culicoides arakawae. kn-title=ニワトリのLeucocytozoon病の予防に関する研究 (第4報)Culicoides arakawae(ニワトリヌカカ)の生態に関する研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The following researchs have been carried out on the behavior of Culicoides arakawae, the intermediate host of leucocytozoon infection of the chicken. From 1961 to 1964, C. arakawae have been collected by a light trap once or twice every week at the hen house of our laboratory and a farmer's hen house at Hataayu, Makiishi in Okayama, city. The following items were also investigated: 1.)the successive change of the number of C. arakawae flied into the hen house in the evening, 2.)the number of C. arakawae caught by an insect net at various heights, 3.)the successive change of the number of C. arakawae caught by a light trap placed in the hen house. The results obtained were as follows. 1. C. arakawae comes flying into the hen house when the mean temperature is higher than 10℃. But, when the mean temperature is higher than 10℃, there are no clear correlation between the temperature, humidity and weather and the number of C. arakawae caught by light trap. The sex ratio of C. arakawae caught by a light trap varies with temperature, and the higher the temperature is, the greater is the percentage of the female. The ratio of engorged females to the whole females also varies with temperature. When the temperature is lower than 20℃, the percentage of engorged females is almost always below 50. When the temperature is higher than that, the percentage is from 70 to 90. 2. The number of C. arakawae caught by a light trap placed in the hen house shows the normal distribution with the central axis at 2 am. 3. It is probably certain that C. arakawae does not hibernate in the imaginal stage in the neighbourhood of Okayama city. 4. The number of C. arakawae come flying into the hen house in the evening, is most numerous during one hour following sunset. And in the summer season, in the flies caught by a light trap placed in the hen house, the percentage of females is usually far greater than that of males, but the sex ratio of C. arakawae, come flying into the hen house, is about 1:1. 5. C. arakawae usually flies below 20 m on the ground. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HoriSatoshi en-aut-sei=Hori en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name=堀慧 kn-aut-sei=堀 kn-aut-mei=慧 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToriumiToru en-aut-sei=Toriumi en-aut-mei=Toru kn-aut-name=鳥海徹 kn-aut-sei=鳥海 kn-aut-mei=徹 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanabeAkira en-aut-sei=Tanabe en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=田辺昭 kn-aut-sei=田辺 kn-aut-mei=昭 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=43 end-page=47 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1965 dt-pub=1965 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Prevention of Leucocytozoon Infection of the Chicken. : V. The Leucocytozoon Infection in the Yearling Hen. kn-title=ニワトリのLeucocytozoon病の予防に関する研究 (第5報)2年鶏における本病の感染状況 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The investigations were carried out about the reinfection with leucocytozoon disease in yearling hens that were infected with this disease in the preceding year. From the investigations carried out in 1962, 1963 and 1964, the following results were obtained. 1. Among the 20 hens once infected with this parasite, the reinfection was not at all found in the same and the following years by the microscopic examination of blood smear sample made once every week. 2. Among the 22 yearling hens that were completely protected from leucocytozoon infection in the preceding year by the use of pyrimethamine or sulfadimethoxine, it was found by the blood examination that 11 hens (50%) were infected with this disease in the following year. 3. Eleven hens, in the blood of which no gametocyte had been detected in spite of the fact that they had been among the highly infected flock, were not at all infected in the following year. From the results mentioned above, we have come to the following conclusions. Hens recovered from natural infection of leucocytozoon disease acquire the strong immunity later. And the effect of pyrimethamine and sulfadimethoxine used in these experiments are quite perfect. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HoriSatoshi en-aut-sei=Hori en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name=堀慧 kn-aut-sei=堀 kn-aut-mei=慧 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToriumiToru en-aut-sei=Toriumi en-aut-mei=Toru kn-aut-name=鳥海徹 kn-aut-sei=鳥海 kn-aut-mei=徹 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanabeAkira en-aut-sei=Tanabe en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=田辺昭 kn-aut-sei=田辺 kn-aut-mei=昭 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=8 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1965 dt-pub=1965 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Consideration of the Fluctuation of Experimental Population-Density of Azuki-Bean Weevils under Insecticidal Treatment kn-title=殺虫剤処理下のアズキゾウムシ実験個体群密度の変動に関する考察 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=この報文はアズキゾウムシの実験個体群を殺虫剤(マラソン・DDT)で毎代処理すると生き残った子孫の個体群が,高い発生の山を示す原因を検討したものである.殺虫剤処理をしなかった対照区の発生消長と比較するばかりでなく,殺虫剤処理後に生き残る成虫数と大体同数の生残虫が得られるようにすべての発生成虫から任意に成虫を取り除いた個体群の発生消長をも比較検討した.その結果対照区と取り除き実験区の発生消長は成虫の棲息密度の変動に起因して生ずる,そして両者の間には本質的な大きい相違が認められなかった.これに対し殺虫剤処理区は殺虫剤の選抜作用によって何代かの後に対照区や取り除き実験区より高い産卵率と高い生育率を有する個体群に移行する結果そのような新個体群の発生の山が一般に高くなった.このような個体群そのものの質的転移が殺虫剤処理区の発生の山が高くなった主な原因である。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KiyokuMasao en-aut-sei=Kiyoku en-aut-mei=Masao kn-aut-name=清久正夫 kn-aut-sei=清久 kn-aut-mei=正夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=9 end-page=18 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1965 dt-pub=1965 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the inner structure of wood by the ultra-soft X-ray photograph. : I. On the constitution of annual ring of coniferous woods. kn-title=超軟X線写真による木材内部構造の研究 (第1報)針葉樹材の年輪構成について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=X-ray can penetrate opaque materials such as wood, however the degree to which X-ray radiation penetrates depends upon density and thickness of cellwalls or specimens of wood and timbers. Penetration of the large order of wave length of X-ray is weaker than that of the short order of wave length. This work is one of the studies on the inner structure of wood and timbers by the ultra-soft X-ray(the longest wave length), and in this paper the constitution of annual rings of some coniferous wood is showed and examined by the ultra-soft X-ray photographs. The photographic conditions are as follows: Insturument; SOFTEX-EMB. Secondary voltage; 14 KVP. Secondary electric current; 5 mA. Distance of specimens and X-ray tube; 40 cm. Thickness of specimens(crossection to the longitudinal) ; 0.7 cm. Radiation time of X-ray; 10 sec. Developing time of photographic film; 10 min. at 20℃. The experimental results are showed in photos. 1-6, and a clear contrast on X-ray films was brought out between the tissues of annual rings, spring arid summer woods, false rings and coloured bands, compression wood, branches and nots. This seems to be on available method for studies of the inner construction of woods and timbers. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KuroyanagiShigeru en-aut-sei=Kuroyanagi en-aut-mei=Shigeru kn-aut-name=畔柳鎮 kn-aut-sei=畔柳 kn-aut-mei=鎮 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishidaTeruaki en-aut-sei=Nishida en-aut-mei=Teruaki kn-aut-name=西田晃昭 kn-aut-sei=西田 kn-aut-mei=晃昭 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=19 end-page=25 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1965 dt-pub=1965 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Pre-seasonal Defoliation of Campbell Early Grape : II. The Effect of Soil Management(1). kn-title=キャンベル・アーリーの早期落葉に関する研究 (第2報)土壤管理の効果について(1) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1.水田地帯で約70cm盛り土して1.8×18.0mに列植され一文字仕立て(双腕コルドン)に整枝されているCampbell Early種葡萄園で,7月初めから8月末まで乾燥処理または定期的に灌水を行なった区および清耕(無灌水)の3区を設けて,早期落葉発現の様相を比較した.2.各区において7月下旬から8月末までに,顕著な早期落葉の波相を示した.3.乾燥区の土壌水分(-20cm)は最低11.6%(対容水量:33.1%)となったが割合に変化が少なく,また清耕区のそれは最低13.6%(対容水量:38.8%)ではあるが変化が著しかった.ところが予期に反して乾燥区の方がむしろ落葉が少なかった.4.清耕区において土壌水分含量が急減して,最低値に達する頃落葉の波が現われた.また降雨によって土壌水分が急増することが落葉を誘発することは,清耕区および乾燥区の両区で認められた.5.灌水は早期落葉を減少せしめるが,灌水(異常)区の場合一時的に下層土の過湿を招いて,かえって落葉を促進せしめたのではないかと推定される。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HondaNoboru en-aut-sei=Honda en-aut-mei=Noboru kn-aut-name=本多昇 kn-aut-sei=本多 kn-aut-mei=昇 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkazakiMitsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Mitsuyoshi kn-aut-name=岡崎光良 kn-aut-sei=岡崎 kn-aut-mei=光良 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahashiKenji en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=高橋健二 kn-aut-sei=高橋 kn-aut-mei=健二 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SankawaShinya en-aut-sei=Sankawa en-aut-mei=Shinya kn-aut-name=寒川紳也 kn-aut-sei=寒川 kn-aut-mei=紳也 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=27 end-page=34 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1965 dt-pub=1965 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Pre-seasonal Defoliation of Campbell Early Grape : III. The Effect of Soil Management(2). kn-title=キャンベル・アーリーの早期落葉に関する研究 (第3報)土壤管理の効果について(2) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1.前報4)の葡萄園で清耕区と敷藁区とを設けたところ8月31日現在の累加落葉率はおのおの73.1%(100)および65.3%(89)で,敷藁第1年目の効果としては累加落葉率を11%減少させたことになる.2.清耕区の微細根(＜2mm)の垂直分布(%)は0〜10cm:10〜20cm:20〜30cm:30〜40cmの各土層でおのおの27.2%:25.9:19.0:27.4であるが,敷藁区の同様分布は50.0%:23.2:16.2:10.1であった.3.7月10日から9月14日まで19回測定された地温(-10cm)の平均は清耕区では28.13℃,敷藁区では26.53℃で後者において1.60℃低く,また27℃以上の場合は19回中4回にすぎなかった.4.同上の期間およびその前後にわたって土壌水分含量(-10cm)を調査したところ,7月下旬から8月下旬までは清耕区よりも敷藁区の方が水分が少ない傾向が確認されたが,7月17日以後および8月31日以後は敷藁区の方が土壌水分含量が数%ずつ多かった.5.9月1,7および25日の3回T. T. C. (Triphenyl Tetrazolium Chloride)法によって微細根の活力を調査したところ,敷藁区の方が各回とも清耕区より活力が大であり,しかも地温の高いときほどその差が顕著であった。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HondaNoboru en-aut-sei=Honda en-aut-mei=Noboru kn-aut-name=本多昇 kn-aut-sei=本多 kn-aut-mei=昇 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkazakiMitsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Mitsuyoshi kn-aut-name=岡崎光良 kn-aut-sei=岡崎 kn-aut-mei=光良 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=UedaKoji en-aut-sei=Ueda en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name=上田浩次 kn-aut-sei=上田 kn-aut-mei=浩次 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=35 end-page=40 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1965 dt-pub=1965 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Prevention of Leucocytozoon Infection of the Chicken. : VI. The Observation of the Gametocytes of Leucocytozoon caulleryi in the Unstained Wet Blood Film. kn-title=ニワトリのLeucocytozoon病の予防に関する研究 VI. 新鮮無染色標本におけるL. caulleryiのGametocyteの形態について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Usually the diagnosis of the infected chickens with leucocytozoon disease has been made by finding gametocyte of Leucocytozoon caulleryi in the blood smear stained by Giemsa's or May-Grunwald's method. But, as the inner part of the gametocyte can be observed in the unstained wet film of blood, the feature of the gametocyte considerably differs from that of the fixed sample. Method: One drop of blood from an affected chicken is placed on a cover-glass. This is inverted on a slide and the preparation is rimmed with paraffin. Then it is examined with phase-contrast microscopy at 37℃. Results and considerations: In macrogametocyte, the nucleus is rather small, usually have a curved or twisted rod shape and is suspended in protoplasm. The protoplasm is rich and filled with the immense number of fine granules. But in an usual smear sample, the nucleus shrinks and is covered with the granules at the time of smearing, and yet the granules are stained in dark purple by Giemsa's method, and hence it is considered that the shape of the nucleus is obscured. In microgametocyte, the nucleus is globular or oval, rather large in size compared with the size of the gametocyte itself, and placed at the nearly central point of the cell. The granules of protoplasm are a little larger in size and less in number than that of the macrogametocyte, and as the most of the granules are attached around the nucleus, these look like a pearl necklace in an optical section. As the nucleus expands at the time of smearing, it extends on nearly the whole surface of gametocyte and the protoplasm is seen indistinctly around it. As the granules are attached to the nucleus, they scatter on the surface of the nucleus as it expands. Most of the macro- and microgametocyte are covered with the membrane of the host cell. These cell membranes contain semifluid thinner than the protoplasm of the parasite. Some of which contain the granules of various sizes and they present the vivid Brownian motion. But these granules cannot be stained with Giemsa's dye. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HoriSatoshi en-aut-sei=Hori en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name=堀慧 kn-aut-sei=堀 kn-aut-mei=慧 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToriumiToru en-aut-sei=Toriumi en-aut-mei=Toru kn-aut-name=鳥海徹 kn-aut-sei=鳥海 kn-aut-mei=徹 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanabeAkira en-aut-sei=Tanabe en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=田辺昭 kn-aut-sei=田辺 kn-aut-mei=昭 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=41 end-page=47 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1965 dt-pub=1965 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Dispersible Direct-Sowing Method. : III. On the Individual or Gregarious Characteristics of Rice Plants(Variety "Akebono") in the Three Cultural Methods. kn-title=水稲の散播に関する研究 (第3報)栽培方式を異にする水稲の個体および群落の特性 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=筆者は1963年,岡山大学農学部附属農場水田において,水稲品種アケボノを供試し移植栽培,条播直播栽培,散播直播栽培のそれぞれについて,イネ個体および群落の生育ならびに収量構成機構の比較検討をおこなった.その結果はつぎの通りである.1)草丈は散播においては移植および条播に比較して著しく,短かくなる.2)茎数の増加は最高分ケツ期までは,散播条播いずれもきわめて顕著であり,移植の茎数をはるかに上まわる.散播では最高分ケツ期以後穂孕期までは茎数の減少が著しいが,それ以後成熟期までほとんど減少しない.移植は最高分ケツ期の茎数が少ないのみならず,穂孕期から成熟期まで茎数は徐々に減少し続ける.条播の茎数は最高分ケツ期から穂孕期までは散播に近い減少率を示すが穂孕期以後の減少は移植よりも著しい.3)移植栽培と湛水直播栽培の出穂期および成熟期を揃えるためには,移植(35〜36日苗)期より条播では20日前,散播では18日前に播種する必要がある.4)移植は有効茎数増加が至難であり,収量増大するためには,平均1穂粒数と1穂平均重量の増加がきわめて重要な要因となる.これに反し直播は必要茎数確保が容易であり,倒伏しない範囲で,茎数を増加すれば他の要因にかかわりなく,比較的容易に増収可能となることが判明した。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AkamatsuSeiichi en-aut-sei=Akamatsu en-aut-mei=Seiichi kn-aut-name=赤松誠一 kn-aut-sei=赤松 kn-aut-mei=誠一 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=7 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1966 dt-pub=1966 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Transplantation of Sugar Beets. : III. The Influence of Depth of Holes for Transplantation or Injuries in Tap Roots of Older Seedlings on the Shapes of Harvested Beet Roots. kn-title=甜菜の移植に関する研究 (第3報)植穴の深浅および苗の根部加傷が根貌に及ぼす影響 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=(1)移植栽培における収穫菜根の長さとその正常な肥大とは,苗根の長さと植穴の深さに規制される.すなわち苗根長が長くても植穴が浅ければ,収穫菜根は先端の曲った短い根となる.逆に植穴が充分に深くても苗根長が短かければ,収穫菜根長は短い苗根の長さに規制せられ,それ以上の深さは無効となる.(2)以上の事実より移植栽培では苗の直根はなるべく切断しないように長く掘り取り,植穴の深さは苗の根長に適合した深さとし,直根を屈曲しないように植え込む必要がある.(3)移植苗の直根の先端が植穴の底で屈曲しても,それが分岐根発生の原因とはならない.(4)苗の生育が本葉10〜11枚以上,根径1.5cm以上,菜根重12g以上に達した場合は,その肥大根部に加傷しても,それが分岐根発生の原因とはならない。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SasaiKazuo en-aut-sei=Sasai en-aut-mei=Kazuo kn-aut-name=笹井一男 kn-aut-sei=笹井 kn-aut-mei=一男 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakegamiShizuo en-aut-sei=Takegami en-aut-mei=Shizuo kn-aut-name=竹上静夫 kn-aut-sei=竹上 kn-aut-mei=静夫 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=9 end-page=15 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1966 dt-pub=1966 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Self-Regulation in the Experimental population of Azuki-Bean Weevil, Callosobruchus chinensis. kn-title=アズキゾウムシ実験個体群のSelf-Regulation en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=この実験は初めいろいろの成虫密度を示すアズキゾウムシ個体群の増殖過程をしらべ,個体群の増殖に伴なう環境抵抗のDensity dependentの過程とSelf-regulationの作用を検討したものである.1)この実験における成虫密度が700〜1,800の密度範囲では完全なSelf-regulationの現象が認められその結果個体群の密度はその水準が1,300±200のEquilibrium positionが保たれる.そこでこのSelf-regulationをComplete Self-Regulationと呼んだ.2)成虫密度が300〜700の範囲では環境抵抗と増殖のつり合い関係が(1)項とは異ったものとなる.その結果発生する密度水準は上記のEquilibriumの上限を突破し個体群密度はFluctuationを示すことになる.そこでこのような低密度の下に生ずるSelf-regulationをIncomplete Self-Regulationと呼び前者と区別した.3)成虫密度が300以下の範囲は成虫密度の減少で密度圧(環境抵抗)が小さいが,その割に生育率や産卵率のような昆虫の増殖能力を示す指標が高くはない.その結果次代の成虫密度が高くならない.ゆえに,明瞭なSelf-regulationを認めることができない。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KiyokuMasao en-aut-sei=Kiyoku en-aut-mei=Masao kn-aut-name=清久正夫 kn-aut-sei=清久 kn-aut-mei=正夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=17 end-page=26 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1966 dt-pub=1966 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Analysis of Environmental Factors in Japanese Red Pine Forest producing the Fruit-body of Matsutake : I. The Change of Forest-composition, Light-intensity and the Yield of Fruit-body in the Treated Matsutake Forest. kn-title=マツタケ施業林分の環境因子解析に関する研究 (第1報)施業による林分構成および林内照度の変化とマツタケ収量との関係について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=従来マツタケの発生するアカマツ林に対するマツタケ増殖施業は,マツタケ生産者によって考えられ,経験的に行われて来た.その結果アカマツ林の間伐,灌木の整理,林地表土のかき起し等がマツタケ発生に良い効果を与えるということが認められている.しかしこの施業の効果について実験的裏付けに欠けるところが多い.筆者等は1963年以来マツタケ施業林分の環境因子の解析を行なって来たが,この報告では次の施業すなわち(1)下層灌木類の被陰調節作業(2)林地表土のかき起し作業,を行ったマツタケの発生するアカマツ林で,施業の結果林分構成および林内照度が如何に変化し,マツタケ収量に如何なる影響を与えたかについて検討した.その結果は次の通りである.1.この林分は山陽地方における代表的なマツタケの発生するアカマツ林の一つで,林型はK(II)型に該当する.即ち林分の垂直的構成は高木層アカマツ,亜高木層は少く,乾性の灌木層が密生する.これらの特徴は表3,図3に示されている.2.施業区と対照区の林分構成の相違は表3,4および図3,4に示される通りである.施業林分は灌木類の37%を除伐した.その結果植生繁茂期(8月)に施業林分の被覆面積は対照林分の約70%になっている.従ってこの施業によって林内の微細気象はかなり変化し,林内照度はもちろん極部的に気温,地温,湿度等に影響を与える.3.年間の林内照度の移り変りについて,対照区と施業区とを対比して示したのが図5である.両者の間に大差の認められるのは7〜9月で,これは灌木層の繁茂期と一致する.4.施業によってマツタケ収量が影響されたかをみるため,対照区における菌環直径と子実体発生本数の回帰を求め,図6に示されるような回帰直線を求めた.すなわち自然状態では両者間には一つの法則性が認められるが,施業によって法則性が乱れ,子実体の発生本数が増加した。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IwamuraMitimasa en-aut-sei=Iwamura en-aut-mei=Mitimasa kn-aut-name=岩村通正 kn-aut-sei=岩村 kn-aut-mei=通正 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishidaTeruaki en-aut-sei=Nishida en-aut-mei=Teruaki kn-aut-name=西田晃昭 kn-aut-sei=西田 kn-aut-mei=晃昭 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshikawaTatsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Ishikawa en-aut-mei=Tatsuyoshi kn-aut-name=石川達芳 kn-aut-sei=石川 kn-aut-mei=達芳 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=27 end-page=34 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1966 dt-pub=1966 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Influence of the Gibberelin-Spray on Celery. : The Influence of Gibberelin on Components of Celery, such as Chlorophyl, Total Carotene, Vitamin C kn-title=ジベレリンの散布がセロリーに及ぼす影響についての研究 セロリーの体内成分たるクロロフィル,カロチン,ビタミンCに及ぼす影響 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1 1962〜1965年ジベレリン散布がセロリーに及ぼす影響,特に体内成分たるクロロフィル,総カロチン,ビタミンCに及ぼす影響につき組織学的,生理学的に観察した.2ジベレリン散布により茎葉部の伸長,肥大効果は顕著である.3品質に及ぼす影響として若干す入りが多くなると同時に黄化退色する.4組織学的に観察してみるとジベレリン散布の影響により,明らかに孔辺細胞中のクロロプラストは減少し同化組織中のクロロプラスト粒数の減少も認められる.5ジベレリン散布によりクロロフィル,総カロチン,ビタミンCの含量はほぼ並行的に減少することが認められる.6以上の実験結果よりジベレリンの散布によるセロリーの黄化退色現象はクロロプラスト中の生理的影響も考慮されるが,主として同化組織単位容積当りのクロロプラスト粒数の減少が主因をなすもののごとく考えられる。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShibutaniShigeru en-aut-sei=Shibutani en-aut-mei=Shigeru kn-aut-name=渋谷茂 kn-aut-sei=渋谷 kn-aut-mei=茂 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KinoshitaKeisuke en-aut-sei=Kinoshita en-aut-mei=Keisuke kn-aut-name=木下恵介 kn-aut-sei=木下 kn-aut-mei=恵介 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=35 end-page=47 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1966 dt-pub=1966 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Wool Yield of Sheep : III. On the Relation between the Wool Yield and the other Fleece Characters kn-title=緬羊の産毛量に関する研究 (第3報)産毛量とその他のフリース形質との関係 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In the present study 359 Corriedale sheep(male 25 and female 334) born in 1956 at the Iwate Stock Breeding Farm and the Takikawa Stock Breeding Farm were used as experimental animals, and their wool yields(raw wool yield, clean wool yield and clean yield percentage) per animal per year and the other fleece characters(staple length, wool fineness and wool density) of wool sample were determined and the relation between the wool yield and the other fleece characters of sheep, classified by the stock breeding farm, sex and age, were investigated, calculating the correlation and regression coefficients of the wool yields on the other fleece characters. The results obtained from the experiments were as follows: 1)Though a few significant correlations were found respectively between the staple length of wool sample and the raw wool yield(r=0.28 and 0.29), and clean wool yield(r=0.34〜0.54), and clean yield percentage(r=0.42 and 0.58) of entire fleece of Corriedale sheep, it was found that those correlations were not high. 2)In general there was a trend that the correlations beetween the staple length of wool sample and the clean wool yield of whole fleece were higher than those between the staple length of wool sample and the raw wool yield of whole fleece. 3)A few significantly high correlations were observed between the wool fineness of wool sample and the raw wool yield(r=0.37〜0.82) and clean wool yield(r=0.34〜0.80), and clean yield percentage(r=0.28 and 0.34) of whole fleece, but on the whole those correlations were found to be low and in particular the correlations between the wool fineness and the clean yield percentage found to be insignificant and low. 4)Significant correlations between the wool density of wool sample and the raw wool yield(r=0.27), and clean wool yield(r=0.32), and clean yield percentage(r=0.38) of entire fleece were only found on female sheep of three years of age and the low correlations, either positive or negative, were found on female sheep of the other years of age. 5)No variations of a definite trend, increasing or decreasing, with advance in age were found on the correlations of the staple length, wool fineness and wool density to the other fleece characters(raw wool yield, clean wool yield and clean yield percentage) respectively. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SugaiKazuo en-aut-sei=Sugai en-aut-mei=Kazuo kn-aut-name=菅井一男 kn-aut-sei=菅井 kn-aut-mei=一男 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuramotoKazushige en-aut-sei=Kuramoto en-aut-mei=Kazushige kn-aut-name=蔵本和成 kn-aut-sei=蔵本 kn-aut-mei=和成 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=福留ハム株式会社広島工場 END