start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=87 cd-vols= no-issue=9-10 article-no= start-page=943 end-page=947 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1975 dt-pub=19751030 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Fine distribution of nutrient blood vessels in the aortic wall and the presence of lymph nodules in its wall of the rabbit kn-title=イエウサギの大動脈壁における栄養血管の微細分布及びその動脈壁におけるリンパ小節の存在について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=After perfusing rabbits with physiological saline solution, India ink or Berlin blue was injected into the aorta, and the direction and distribution of nutrient vessels in the aortic vessel wall were examined with blood vessel sections and transparent vessel specimens. The nutrient arteries and nutrient veins often run in parallel in the external layer of the tunica adventitia, but in its inner layer they have circular branches, and these branches enter into the tunica media at the angle of 20°-50°, then they become terminal arteries that adhere to the internal elastic membrane of the tunica interna, and then they are transformed into venules, which run slightly apart from the arteries and appear in the tunica adventita, but within the tunica media they form a beautiful capillary network. Those venules that appear in the tunica adventitia run in parallel with arterioles through the external layer of the tunica adventitia What is noteworthy is the fact that there can be observed solitary lymph nodules within the capillary vessel network both in the middle layer of the tunica media and in the external layer of the tunica adventia of the aortic wall. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SuwaKiichi en-aut-sei=Suwa en-aut-mei=Kiichi kn-aut-name=諏訪喜一 kn-aut-sei=諏訪 kn-aut-mei=喜一 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一解剖学教室/鳥取大学医学部第一解剖学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=87 cd-vols= no-issue=9-10 article-no= start-page=937 end-page=941 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1975 dt-pub=19751030 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Pollen Survey and Pollen-Asthma in Okayama kn-title=岡山地方の空中花粉調査並びに花粉喘息に関する研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A pollen survey was conducted in Okayama for the 1972 calendar year. The results were similar to those of other districts of Japan. There were three pollen seasons: the tree, the grass and the weed season. Thirteen kinds of pollens were found in the Okayama area. In clinical studies positive skin reactions of asthma out patients were found in 29% of out patients for ragweed and 7% of out patients for Japanese cedar. Tow cases of pollen- asthma were confirmed allergologica in our clinic. One case of asthma was caused by ragweed, and the other case was due to Japanese cedar. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KimuraIkuro en-aut-sei=Kimura en-aut-mei=Ikuro kn-aut-name=木村郁郎 kn-aut-sei=木村 kn-aut-mei=郁郎 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部平木内科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=87 cd-vols= no-issue=9-10 article-no= start-page=923 end-page=935 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1975 dt-pub=19751030 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=An Interesting Case of Type A Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome kn-title=興味ある経過を示したA型WPW症候群の1例 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A case of Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome who presented with a tachycardia showing an unusual QRS morphology closely resembling that of a ventricular tachycardia was reported. It showed type A or type B conduction of the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome in electrocardiogram in different time, but vectorcardiogram showed always type A conduction. After combinated administration of Quinidine and Reserpine, ECG reversed constantly to normal sinus rhythm. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MinatoTakeshi en-aut-sei=Minato en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name=湊武 kn-aut-sei=湊 kn-aut-mei=武 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitaToshimasa en-aut-sei=Kita en-aut-mei=Toshimasa kn-aut-name=喜多利正 kn-aut-sei=喜多 kn-aut-mei=利正 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaitoDaiji en-aut-sei=Saito en-aut-mei=Daiji kn-aut-name=斉藤大治 kn-aut-sei=斉藤 kn-aut-mei=大治 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkuyamaAkiko en-aut-sei=Okuyama en-aut-mei=Akiko kn-aut-name=奥山彬子 kn-aut-sei=奥山 kn-aut-mei=彬子 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=InoueKatsutoshi en-aut-sei=Inoue en-aut-mei=Katsutoshi kn-aut-name=井上勝稔 kn-aut-sei=井上 kn-aut-mei=勝稔 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=HisamatsuMitsuo en-aut-sei=Hisamatsu en-aut-mei=Mitsuo kn-aut-name=久松三生 kn-aut-sei=久松 kn-aut-mei=三生 aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaraokaShoichi en-aut-sei=Haraoka en-aut-mei=Shoichi kn-aut-name=原岡昭一 kn-aut-sei=原岡 kn-aut-mei=昭一 aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科教室 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科教室 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科教室 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科教室 affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科教室 affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科教室 affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部附属病院中央検査部 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=87 cd-vols= no-issue=9-10 article-no= start-page=915 end-page=922 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1975 dt-pub=19751030 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Experimental Study on Lead Systems of Vectorcardiogram with Canine Homogenious Torso Model kn-title=犬のベクトル心電図誘導法の基礎的検討（伝達インピーダンスの観点から） en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The transfer impedance determined on Frank's lead system and McFee, Parungao's lead system using canine torso model was studied and following results were obtained. A simplyfied canine torso model was made, which was a cylinderic type imitated faithfully the transverse section in the fifth intercostal space of the canine. The canine which was used as a model has a body weight of 16.2kg. Its torso dimensions were left to right of 14.0cm, front to back of 19.0cm and height of 55.0cm. Its form was an oval on the whole shape with more gently curved surface on the front. Heart center on the dog determined by the X-ray located on the position which was 0.75cm to the left, 2.9cm to the front from the body center in the fifth intercostal soace. The definite dipole was placed on the heart center of the torso filled with 0.1% NaCl solution. Electrode position on the torso surface is defined by two quantities; levels (number 1 throngh 10) and angles in the transverse plane. The levels were separated each other at a distance of 3cm. Thus determined level 6 correspond to heart center level of the canine. The angles were taken each 5 or 10 around the cylinder whose plane passed precisely through the center of the body. Thus, potentials were determined and image surface was drawned on the loops. Image loops were oval and located on left anteriorly and slightly inferiorly from the heart center. As a result, canine image loop was found to be clearly different from the shape of the human's one which has a shape of a pear projecting slightly to the back. Then, normality and orthogonality were examined on the torso with the Frank's orthogonal lead system for human and with the McFee, Parungao's axial lead system for dog resulting the latter to be better than the former. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FujitaTakashi en-aut-sei=Fujita en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name=藤田興 kn-aut-sei=藤田 kn-aut-mei=興 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaitoDaiji en-aut-sei=Saito en-aut-mei=Daiji kn-aut-name=斉藤大治 kn-aut-sei=斉藤 kn-aut-mei=大治 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=InoueKatsutoshi en-aut-sei=Inoue en-aut-mei=Katsutoshi kn-aut-name=井上勝稔 kn-aut-sei=井上 kn-aut-mei=勝稔 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakagawaMasahiro en-aut-sei=Nakagawa en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name=中川雅博 kn-aut-sei=中川 kn-aut-mei=雅博 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiranoKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Hirano en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name=平野和博 kn-aut-sei=平野 kn-aut-mei=和博 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=UedaMinoru en-aut-sei=Ueda en-aut-mei=Minoru kn-aut-name=上田稔 kn-aut-sei=上田 kn-aut-mei=稔 aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HisamatsuMitsuo en-aut-sei=Hisamatsu en-aut-mei=Mitsuo kn-aut-name=久松三生 kn-aut-sei=久松 kn-aut-mei=三生 aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaraokaShoichi en-aut-sei=Haraoka en-aut-mei=Shoichi kn-aut-name=原岡昭一 kn-aut-sei=原岡 kn-aut-mei=昭一 aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科教室 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科教室 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科教室 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科教室 affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科教室 affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科教室 affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科教室 affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部附属病院中央検査部 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=87 cd-vols= no-issue=9-10 article-no= start-page=901 end-page=914 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1975 dt-pub=19751030 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Daily Rhythm of Serum Tyrosine Concentration in Schizophrenia kn-title=精神分裂病の血清チロジン濃度の日内リズム en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The daily rhythm of serum tyrosine of 12 atypical schizophrenics and 10 hebephrenic schizophrenics was compared with that of 6 patients of other types of schizophrenia, 12 patients of neurosis, 10 patients of organic brain disease and 6 healthy volunteers. Blood samples were obtained every 6 hours at 0800, 1400, 2000, 0200 and 0800 hours. In most cases concentrations of serum tyrosine were minimal at 0800 hour and maximal at 2000 hour. In healthy volunteers the ratio of highest value to lowest value was noted between 120% and 150% , and daily rhythms of tyrosine showing this ratio were called a "standard" type. Daily rhythms showing the ratio of under 120% were called a "flat" type and those of over 150% a "peak" type. In atypical schizophrenia 58% of all cases showed a peak type, none a flat type. On the contrary, 60% of hebephrenic schizophrenics showed a flat type, none a peak type. In other types of schizophrenia, neurosis and organic brain disease most of cases showed a standard type, but some showed a peak type or a flat type. As for characteristics of psychotic symptom, most patients of peak type displayed severe psychotic symptoms, e.g. psychomotor exitement, confusion or stupor. On the other hand, in most patients of flat type a leading symptom was a blunting of feeling and will. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FujiwaraJiro en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Jiro kn-aut-name=藤原二郎 kn-aut-sei=藤原 kn-aut-mei=二郎 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部神経精神医学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=87 cd-vols= no-issue=9-10 article-no= start-page=893 end-page=899 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1975 dt-pub=19751030 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Infection of Human Cultured Leukocytes with Murine Rauscher Leukemia Virus 2. Heterotransplantation of a Human Lymphoblastoid Cell Line Chronically Infected with Epstein-Barr Virus and Rauscher Leukemia Virus kn-title=マウス白血病ウイルスのヒト培養白血球への感染に関する研究 第2編EBウイルスとC型ウイルスの重複持続感染系ヒトリンパ芽球様株細胞の異種移植 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=An Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) -positive human lymphoblastoid cell line chronically infected with Rauscher murine leukemia virus (RLV) was transplanted into antilymphocyte serum (ALS)- treated newborn hamsters. Four of 10 hamsters transplanted developed nonlethal regressive tumors which continued to shed C-type virus. Lymphoblastoid cell cultures reestablished from the heterotransplanted tumor cells were positive for both EBV capsid and murine gs-1 antigens. In contrast, all the hamsters transplanted with its parent cell line without RLV infection succumbed to lethal progressive tumors. The RLV-infected cells were shown to have cell surface antigen that was not found in the noninfected cells. It is postulated that new membrane antigen associated with C-type virus infection provoked more immunologic reaction even in ALS-treated hamsters, accounting for the reduced tumorigenicity of the RLV-infected human leukocytes. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HayashiTakehiko en-aut-sei=Hayashi en-aut-mei=Takehiko kn-aut-name=林建彦 kn-aut-sei=林 kn-aut-mei=建彦 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第2内科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=87 cd-vols= no-issue=9-10 article-no= start-page=877 end-page=892 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1975 dt-pub=19751030 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Experimental Studies on the Changes of Body Surface Potential by Electrical Heterogeneities of Human Torso Model kn-title=胴体内伝導度不均一性による体表面電位の変化（胴体模型による実験） en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Human torso models with an artificial lung and/or a spine resembling to shapes of a standard Japanese male were made up. Resistivities of these artificial components were the same as the ones of canine tissues. The specific resistance of canine spine was considerably higher than lung. The models were filled with 0.2 per cent of sodium chloride. Changes of surface potential on the models were investigated with regard to lead vector using a dipole as an electric source. All these calculations were performed in comparison with a human torso model without the components (homogeneous human torso model). By the experiments, following results were obtained. 1. Human torso model with an artificial lung model (lung model) gave significant changes on image surface whereas the one with a spine model (spine model) produced little change, when a dipole was set at the cardiac center. The tendency became clear on the cardiac center level. Lead vectors for the lung model decreased in lung region whereas they increased in cardiac region on the body surface of the model. 2. When changes in magnitude and direction of lead vector taken with Frank's and McFee-Parungao's systems were studied by setting a dipole in 15 different points within a space where heart was supposed to be present, lesser normality and orthogonality were observed in the lung model than in the spine model. This was clear in the former's system. Magnitudes of lead vector in the lung model decreased in Ⅰ, V(5) and V(6), on the other hand they increased in Ⅱ, Ⅲ, (a)V(F), V(1), V(2) and V(3) of 12 standard leads system, when compared to the ones in homogeneous human torso model. These changes were scarcely observed in the spine model. These results could be summarized as follows: changes of body surface potential produced by electrical hete rogeneity were more remarkably influenced by setting a lung model which has a large volume, than a spine model which has a high resistivity. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=InoueKatsutoshi en-aut-sei=Inoue en-aut-mei=Katsutoshi kn-aut-name=井上勝稔 kn-aut-sei=井上 kn-aut-mei=勝稔 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=87 cd-vols= no-issue=9-10 article-no= start-page=867 end-page=875 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1975 dt-pub=19751030 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Two Cases of Atypical Lymphocytos is Resembling "Prolymphocytic Leukemia" (Galton et al.) kn-title="Prolymphocytic leukemia" （Galtonら）に近似せると考えられる異型リンパ球の著増を来した2例 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Case 1: A 38-year-old housewife was admitted to our clinic on January 1973 because of fever and lymphocytosis of 4-months' duration. Leukocytosis (25,500/m㎥) with a marked lymphocytosis (70%) was present in peripheral blood. Twenty-four out of this 70% of lymphocytes were markedly atypical, showing indented or lobated nuclei and rather abundant basophilic cytoplasm. These cells were also seen in bone marrow in 2.6%. Phase contrast and electron microscopic observation revealed these cells to be rather mature atypical lymphocytes. Negative Paul-Bunnell test, low antibody titer for EB virus, and poor blstogenesis to stimulation by phytohemaggulutinin and T-cell nature of these lymphocytes were demonstrated. Prominent hepatosplenomegaly was characteristic though lymphoadenopathy was absent. Peripheral leukocyte counts increased progressively up to 20.4×10(4)/m㎥ while blasts were scarecely seen. In spite of administering Neocarzinostatin, vincristine and prednisolone. the patient died of pneumonia three months after admission. Necropsy using a Silverman needle revealed cytomegalic inclusion bodies in the lung and massive infiltration of, what appeared to be, atypical lymphocytes into the liver, spleen and kidney. Case 2: A 56-year-old male was admitted to the Okayama University Hospital at Misasa on March 1974, complaining of high temperature of 2-weeks' duration. Leukocyte counts in peripheral blood was 7,550/m㎥ with atypical lymphocytes, which were quite similar in shapes as well as in maturities to those seen in the Case 1 and were seen in 23.5%, whereas they were 7.8% in the bone marrow. Fever continued without responding to various antibiotics and prednisolone. Leukocyte counts were increased up to 23,600/m㎥ within two weeks and he died of massive interstitial pneumonia one month after the admission. Necropsy with a Silverman needle revealed cytomegalic inclusion bodies in the lung and infiltrations of atypical lymphocytes into the liver, spleen and kidney. Infectious mononucleosis can be ruled out on the basis of progressive and fatal clinical courses and other specific laboratory findings, although infection by Herpes type virus might play some role at the terminal stage of the disease. As the increase of atypical lymphocytes is so prominent in the peripheral blood and bone marrow, these 2 cases probably belong to lymphocytic leukemia; acute lymphocytic leukemia can easily be omitted because no blasts were seen. On the other hand, these cases cannot be categorized as conventional chronic lymphocytic leukemia in various points, showing atypical lymphocytes with variegated shapes and sizes, much shorter surviving time than that and poor response to therapy. Differentiation of these cases from "lymphosarcoma cell leukemia" is also made by their shorter clinical courses than that leukemia and absence of very characteristic nucleoli seen in that leukemia. Maturity of the cells from our cases also differ from those in lymphosarcoma cell leukemia; cells in our cases are maturer than those of that leukemia. "Prolymphocytic leukemia" reported by Galton et al. may be a disease entity to be most compatible with our cases. Marked lymphocytosis, short survival time, poor response to therapy, hepatosplenomegaly and absence of peripheral lymphoadenopathy accord well with the clinical features described by them. The characteristic cells, however, in the peripheral blood of prolymphocytic leukemia are somewhat different from those seen in our cases. The cells of that leukemia have a large vesicular nucleolus in almost every cases without appreciable clefts, indentations or lobations of nucleus, whereas less conspicuous nucleoli and more irregular nuclei in shape were frequently observed in our cases than in prolymphocytic leukemia. Incidentally, Akihama et al. reported a case quite resembling our cases, and proposed a new clinical entity which should be differentiated from chronic lymphocytic leukemia due to several reasons as stated before. Because of, however, the lack of proper autopsies and limited numbers of cases experienced so far, it will be too premature to state that these 3 cases, including that of Akihama et al., should be regarded as a new clinical entity. Further studies on the similar cases to ours will be needed to decide as to whether or not our 2 cases are indeed a variant of prolymphocytic leukemia. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TaguchiHirokuni en-aut-sei=Taguchi en-aut-mei=Hirokuni kn-aut-name=田口博国 kn-aut-sei=田口 kn-aut-mei=博国 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SanadaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Sanada en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=真田浩 kn-aut-sei=真田 kn-aut-mei=浩 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaToshio en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Toshio kn-aut-name=田仲俊雄 kn-aut-sei=田仲 kn-aut-mei=俊雄 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayashiTakehiko en-aut-sei=Hayashi en-aut-mei=Takehiko kn-aut-name=林健彦 kn-aut-sei=林 kn-aut-mei=健彦 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyoshiIsao en-aut-sei=Miyoshi en-aut-mei=Isao kn-aut-name=三好勇夫 kn-aut-sei=三好 kn-aut-mei=勇夫 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitayamaMinoru en-aut-sei=Kitayama en-aut-mei=Minoru kn-aut-name=北山稔 kn-aut-sei=北山 kn-aut-mei=稔 aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部中央検査部 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部中央検査部 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部中央検査部 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第二内科 affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第二内科 affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部三朝分院内科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=87 cd-vols= no-issue=9-10 article-no= start-page=853 end-page=866 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1975 dt-pub=19751030 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Pathogenetic and Clinical Studies in Rheumatoid ArthritisPart Ⅱ: Clinical Research for Therapeutic Response of Chrysotherapy by Mesuring Blood Gold Levels kn-title=慢性関節リウマチの基礎的ならびに臨床的研究 第二編 血中金濃度を指標とした治療に関する臨床的研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The therapeutic use of gold compounds for rheumatoid artritis has endured for more than three decades and its effectiveness has been well established. However, we have never seen any report directly compared goldthioglucose (GTG) with gold sodium thiomalate (GTM) in regard to their therapeutic effects. Therefore in the present study, some estimations such as gold levels in blood and urine, ESR, CRP, titre of rheumatoid factor, urinary 17-KGS excretion, body weight and clinical symptoms including side effects, etc. were determined in 39 patients with rheumatoid arthritis who were receiving chrysotherapy (23 cases treated with GTG and 16 with GTM). All the 39 patients studied were suffering from definite or classical rheumatoid arthritis according to the ARA diagnostic criteria with duration of 1.2 years or more. Each gold salt was given intramuscularly in doses beginning with 10mg×2/W for two weeks, 25mg×2/W for two weeks and then 50mg once a week depending upon clinical response. The plasma gold content and the urinary gold excretion were assayed at the last days when patients had received a total dose of 40mg, 140mg, 540mg………of gold salts. Gold levels in blood and urine were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Comparing GTG with GTM in regard to anti-rheumatic effects, the anthor obtained the results as follows; 1) There was statistically significant correlation between plasma gold levels and gold compounds (GTG or GTM) administered. 2) Good therapeutic response initially appeared in rheumatoid patients, when the gold concentrations had risen approximately to 250～300ug/dl of plasma level. 3) The efficacy rate of the treatment proved to be 73.9% in the cases given GTG and 68.8% given GTM. No statistically significant difference was noted between GTG and GTM. 4) There appeared a transient elevation of urinary 17-KGS excretion in the course of chrysotherapy. 5) The increasing rate of body weight was significantly higher in GTG-treated patients than in GTM-treated patients during gold therapy. 6) The incidence of side effects, which noticed in various gold levels of blood and urine, was observed in 52.2% of those who treated with GTG and in 43.8% of GTM. There was no statistically significant difference between two. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=GyotenYozo en-aut-sei=Gyoten en-aut-mei=Yozo kn-aut-name=業天洋三 kn-aut-sei=業天 kn-aut-mei=洋三 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第三内科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=87 cd-vols= no-issue=9-10 article-no= start-page=835 end-page=852 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1975 dt-pub=19751030 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Pathogenetic and Clinical Studies in Rheumatoid ArthritisPart Ⅰ: Enzymological Observation on Serum, Synovial Fluid and Synovial Membrane in Patients with Rheumatic Disease kn-title=慢性関節リウマチの基礎的ならびに臨床的研究 第一編 末梢血，関節液および滑膜における酵素学的考察 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The activities of four enzymes …… lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) with its isozymes, beta-glucuronidase (beta-G) with its isozymes, acid and alkaline phosphatases, were studied in serum, synovial fluid and synovial membrane obtained from 45 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 17 patients with osteoarthritis (OA). The control group comprised sera from 20 normal subjects, synovial fluid and membrane from 10 patients who had no clinical evidence of joint disease prior to death and leukocytes isolated from normal human peripheral blood. The LDH isozyme was identified five fractions by means of agar gel electrophoresis, and the beta-G isozyme was shown to be composed of three fractions by the method using DEAE Sephadex A-50 column chromatography: beta-G Ⅰ activity in serum has been localized in gam maglobulin, beta-G Ⅱ in beta-globulin, and beta-G Ⅲ in alpha 1, alpha 2-globulin and albumin regions. In the present study, the author obtained the results as follows. 1) The activities of LDH, beta-G and acid phosphatase in synovial fluid from RA patients were extremely increased and significantly higher than from OA patients or cadavers, but alkaline phosphatase activity remained in low level. 2) The total LDH activity in rheumatoid synovial fluid was 1640u/ml, and 473u/ml in rheumatoid serum (P<0.001) Their isozyme patterns demonstrated qualitatively increased amounts of LDH-5 (35.7%) in rheumatoid synovial fluid and LDH-1 (39.2%), LDH-2 (36.7%) in rheumatoid serum. 3) The activities of LDH, beta-G, acid and alkaline phosphatases in synovial fluid from OA patients were not increased (approximately to the values of normal human serum), but its LDH-5 (22.5%) was minimally elevated. 4) Rheumatoid synovial membrane also revealed a significantly higher LDH-5 activity (39.3%) than in cadavers (14.6%). 5) The isozyme of leukocytes was found to be characterized by increased amounts of LDH-3 (43.7%) and no increase of LDH-5 (5.1%). 6) In regard to beta-G isozymes, only beta-G Ⅲ activity was significantly elevated in rheumatoid synovial fluid (50.6%) and rheumatoid synovial membrane (57.7%). 7) The beta-G isozyme of leukocytes comprised large amouts of beta-G Ⅱ, and beta-G Ⅲ was prominant in synovial membrane of cadavers. 8) These results suggest that raised enzyme activities in rheumatoid synovial fluid have been derived mainly from inflamed synovial membrane rather than from synovial leukocytes. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=GyotenYozo en-aut-sei=Gyoten en-aut-mei=Yozo kn-aut-name=業天洋三 kn-aut-sei=業天 kn-aut-mei=洋三 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第三内科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=87 cd-vols= no-issue=9-10 article-no= start-page=817 end-page=833 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1975 dt-pub=19751030 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Effect of Coronary Occlusion on Myocardial Contractility and Hemodynamics-Relationship between Hemodynamic Changes and Myocardial Systolic Bulge in the Ischemic Area kn-title=急性虚血心における虚血部収縮曲線と循環諸量の関係―Strain gauge archによる虚血部心筋の収縮異常の検討 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The animal experiments of Tennant, Wiggers and the subsequent clinical observations of Harrison had stimulated interests in abnormal ventricular wall motion in coronary artery disease. It was well known that an ischemic arec of ventricular myocardium might bulge or balloon out during systole. Herman et al. showed that there were four distinct local types of asynergy, and employed the term "dyskynesis" to express the paradoxical systolic expansion of part of the wall. Recently the strain gauge arches had been used generally for measurement of the contractility of the local ventricular myocardium. There had been many experimental studies on myocardial contractility and hemodynamic changes following the coronary occlusion. However, few had been reported on relationship between hemodynamic changes and paradoxical bulging. The purpose of the present study is to investigate effects of ischemic myocardial contractility on hemodynamic changes. Adult mongrel dogs weightening 10-25kg anesthetized with intravenous pentobarbital sodium (25mg/kg) were subjected to thracotomy under artificial respiration. The following tracings were simultaneously recorded; and left anterior descending branch was occluded completely for one minute (group Ⅰ) and for 30 minutes (group Ⅱ). (1) aortic blood flow and blood flow in circumflex branch. (2) rate of left ventricular pressure rise (LV dp/dt). (3) myocardial contractility obtained with strain gauge arch (in the ischemic and in the non-ischemic areas). By the experiments, following results were obtained. (A) Myocardial contractility The time relations which existed among simultaneous recordings of left ventricular pressure, aortic pressure, aortic blood flow, electrocardiogram and myocardial contractilities were studied. Five seconds after the coronary occlusion, shortening of the myocardial segment did not continue to the end of systole, and in late systole actual lengthening of the myocardial segment occurred. The late systolic bulge rapidly increased in early systole after 20 seconds of the occlusion. Within 50 seconds, paradoxical movement was observed in all cases. In a half of cases, myocardial contractility increased in the nonischemic area in contrast with diminution of the contractility in the ischemic area. (B) Changes in hemodynamics Heart rate unchanged during and after coronary occlusion. Shortening of ejection time began immediately after the coronary occlusion, and reached maximum at 85% of control level after 10-20 seconds. Thirty seconds after ocronary occlusion, ejection time recovered in spite of continuing the occlusion. Aortic blood pressure and peak left ventricular pressure were lowered in the both group. Mamimum aortic flow rate and stroke volume were reduced. Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure was elevated from a mean control value of 4.8 mmHg to average 5.8 mmHg, but not significant statistically. LVmaxdp/dt increased in 4 out of 8 cases immediately after the coronary occlusion followed by decrease in all cases after 40 seconds. LVmin. dp/dt was lowered in all cases immediately after the coronary occlusion. It was averaged 69% of control value. Blood flow in circumflex branch was averaged 112% of control mean value. Peak systolic coronary blood flow was reduced slightly, but not significant statistically. Peak diastolic coron ary blood flow increased. Mean coronary vascular resistance decreased and was averaged 85% of mean control value. (C) Relationship between changes of myocardial contractility and hemodynamics. Late systolic left ventricular pressure was lowered, ejection time was shortend and LVmindp/dt was reduced with late systolic bulge formation in myocardial tension curve. Maximum aortic flow rate and peak left ventricular pressure were decreased by pansystolic bulge. It may be concluded that hemodynamic findings had a close relation with myocardial contractility in the ischemic ares. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TawaraRituya en-aut-sei=Tawara en-aut-mei=Rituya kn-aut-name=田原律哉 kn-aut-sei=田原 kn-aut-mei=律哉 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=87 cd-vols= no-issue=9-10 article-no= start-page=805 end-page=816 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1975 dt-pub=19751030 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Organ Culture of Fetal Rat Liver by the Circumfusion System In Vitro Differentiation of Hepatocytes kn-title=Circumfusion Systemを用いたラット胎児肝の器官培養―in vitroにおける肝細胞の分化について― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Hepatocytes cultured in vitro offer one of the best experimental models for examining the complex pathophysiology of various liver diseases. Until recently, however, efforts to maintain differentiated hepatocytes in vitro met little success. In the present study, small pieces of liver tissue from fetal rats were cultured and examined by phase contrast microscopy, light microscopy, electron microscopy, enzyme histochemistry and radioautography. Liver specimens were obtained from fetal rats 15 to 21days after gestation. The culture was maintained by the Circumfusion System designed by G. G. Rose. The culture medium was a mixture of TCM-199 and calf serum (4:1). The following results were obtained. 1) Epithelial cells with features of both hepatocyte morphology and hepatocyte enzymic content were maintained in vitro. 2) Epithelial cells occupying the central parts of the cultured tissue showed the positive staining of GOT and G-6-Pase. On the other hand, epithelial cells at the periphery of the cultured tissue arising probably as an outgrowth of the planted tissues showed the positive staining of only GOT. Epithelial cells of the latter group were thought to be partially differentiated hepatocytes because of the continuity between the two types of epithelial cells. 3) Enzymic differetiation of G-6-Pase was accelerated when culture specimens were collected from older fetal rats, and a more marked enzymic differentiation was found in cultures continued for longer durations. 4) One of the mechanisms resulting in cell differentiation in vitro seemed to be inhibiting cell proliferation as demonstrated by the results from the radioautographical study. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FujitaKoji en-aut-sei=Fujita en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name=藤田洽二 kn-aut-sei=藤田 kn-aut-mei=洽二 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=The First Department of Internal Medicine Okayama University Medical School END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=87 cd-vols= no-issue=9-10 article-no= start-page=787 end-page=804 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1975 dt-pub=19751030 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Experimental and clinical study of the histological changes after administration of hyperosmolar solution kn-title=高浸透圧輸液における組織変化の検討―特にブドウ糖を中心とした基礎的及び臨床的研究― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Intravenous hyperalimentation requires hyperosmolar solution to supply sufficient calorie. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of hyperosmolar solution on various organs in dogs. Further investigation in man was carried out on the pathologic changes of the liver and kidney obtained from the autopsy who had been administered intravenous hyperalimentation. The conclusion as follows. 1. In the acute experiment, the group that received hypertonic glucose solution showed much more diuresis than that of more hypertonic ones. The grade of diuresis seemed to be ralated to the volume of water that was infused. 2. Cloudy swelling of the proximal kidney tubules was observed markedly in the higher glucose concentration group and there was high correlation between the change of tubules and glucose concentration. When dehydration was accompanied, these changes became more severe. 3. In the group infused fructose, the tissue damage was not observed. In the group infused xylitol, the liver and kidney damage was remarkable and all animals died during the experiment. 4. In the autopsy study, osmotic nephrosis was found 13 of 35 cases that had been administered intravenous hyperalimentation. All 7 cases that had been infused dextran showed osmotic nephrosis but there was no relation between the grade of osmotic nephrosis and infused volume or time of infused dextran. 5. Study of different combination of solutions revealed that lipofuscin of the liver which means consumption pigments was noticed in the group infused glucose exclusively. Therefore careful considerations should be taken on the possibility of over-load to the various organs during intravenous hyperalimentation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MaeshimaKoji en-aut-sei=Maeshima en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name=前島皎仁 kn-aut-sei=前島 kn-aut-mei=皎仁 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第2外科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=87 cd-vols= no-issue=9-10 article-no= start-page=771 end-page=786 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1975 dt-pub=19751030 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on Hemolytic Complement Activities and Components of Complement in Chronic Liver Diseases kn-title=慢性肝疾患における溶血補体価および補体成分に関する研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=With recent advances in the field of complement research, much of the newer knowledge about the technique of assay has come from application of modern tools of molecular biology to the study of immune mechanism in various chronic diseases. In view of this, the author has carried out the studies on hemolytic complement activities and components of complement in chronic liver diseases. Sera from the total of 186 cases consisted of 105 cases of patients with chronic hepatitis, 31 cases of liver cirrhosis, and 50 normal controls served as the material for observations by micro titer method. The mean number with standerd deviation (m±S.D.) of 50% units hemolytic complement activity (CH 50) in normal controls were showed 67.20±15.40u. In the cases of chronic liver diseases, the number in chronic hepatitis were showed 44.75±27.40u. and in liver cirrhosis 45.55±31.28u. On the between of active form and inactive form in chronic hepatitis, CH 50 in the former were showed lower levels than in the latter. For the measurements of components, reactivity of each of the nine components (namely C1, C4, C2, C3, C5, C6, C7, C8 and C9) of complement were observed. The kind of component with lowest level in chronic hepatitis was observed as C4 in 89% out of all cases, and in liver cirrhosis as C3 in all. Furthermore, on the complement inactivator, C1-inactivator (C1-INA) was detected in 2 cases out of 36 cases of chronic hepatitis with low CH 50. Finally, C4-inactvating factor (C4-INAF) was appeared in the cases of 92% of chronic hepatitis with low CH 50, and in 50% of liver cirrhosis with low CH 50. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SatoMasami en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Masami kn-aut-name=佐藤公身 kn-aut-sei=佐藤 kn-aut-mei=公身 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第1内科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=87 cd-vols= no-issue=9-10 article-no= start-page=759 end-page=770 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1975 dt-pub=19751030 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on Intracellular Crystals 2. New Crystals Arising in Normal and Leukemic Human Bone Marrow Cells kn-title=細胞内に生ずる結晶に関する研究 第2編 正常人ならびに各種白血病患者の骨髄細胞内に生ずる新結晶 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Hitherto unknown intracyto plasmic and intranuclear crystals were found arising in normal and leukemic bone marrow cells. Bone marrow cells were obtained by sternal aspiration from normal humans and patients with acute and chronic myelogenous leukemia, monocytic leukemia, acute and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The cells were observed supravitally under the phase contrast microscope for up to 10 days. A few hours after the preparations were made, needle-shaped or spindle-shaped, weakly to strongly refractile intracellular crystals arose in normal neutrophils, reticulum cells and leukemic cells. These crystals were demonstrated to show birefringence. No crystals were observed in lymphocytic cells of normal or leukemic origin. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsumoriHiroshi en-aut-sei=Matsumori en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=松森宏 kn-aut-sei=松森 kn-aut-mei=宏 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部平木内科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=87 cd-vols= no-issue=9-10 article-no= start-page=749 end-page=757 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1975 dt-pub=19751030 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on fecal bilirubinoid. Part 2. Characterization and clinical significance of fecal mesobilirubinogen kn-title=屎中胆汁色素に関する研究 第二編 糞便中mesobilirubinogenの性状と臨床的意義 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Disturbance of bilirubin metabolism in the intestine in liver diseases was investigated from the oxidation products of mesobilirubinogen. Feces were obtained from five normal subjects, five cases with chronic hepatitis, five cases with liver cirrhosis and three cases with hemolytic jaundice. The oxidation products of mesobilirubinogen were prepared by Stoll's thin layer chromatography after extraction procedure from feces by Watson. The oxidation products were divided into two groups, verdins (glaucobilins) and violins (mesobiliviolins). The verdins were identified by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra and mass spectrometry as glaucobilin isomers. The results were as follows; 1) Glaucobilin Ⅲα, Ⅸα and ⅩⅢα dimethylester were separated by thin layer chromatography and identified with NMR spectra and mass spectrometry. 2) Significant correlation between the appearance of glaucobilin isomers and the amount of urobilinogen extracted from feces in liver diseases. 3) Using ten grams of feces, glaucobilin Ⅸα was found in two out of five normal subjects, in two cases with chronic viral hepatitis, in four cases with liver cirrhosis and in all cases with hemolytic jaundice. Glaucobilin Ⅲα was detected only in all cases with hemolytic jaundice, and glaucobilin ⅩⅢα was positive in a case with liver cirrhosis, and in all cases with hemolytic jaundice. 4) According to these results, it became clear that not only Ⅸα type but Ⅲα, ⅩⅢα type of bilirubinoid were contained in the human feces. 5) Absorption maxima of glaucobilin Ⅲα, Ⅸα and ⅩⅢα were found at 630nm, 630.5nm and 637nm, and the dimethylester of them were at 630.5nm, 633.5nm and 636nm respectively in methanolic solution at pH 6.0. After acidification with hydrochloric acid into pH 1.0, absorption maxima of them were moved to longer wave length. These maxima were 681.5nm, 682nm and 682.5nm in free type in the order of glaucobilin Ⅲα, Ⅸα and ⅩⅢα. 6) Significant correlations between the amount of glaucobilin Ⅸα dimethylester and ZTT or γ-globulin were found. And it was reaffirmed that the appearance of fecal glaucobnin Ⅸα and mesobiliviolin Ⅸα in various liver diseases were important items to determine the degree of the liver parenchymal damage. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SeoKenji en-aut-sei=Seo en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=瀬尾憲司 kn-aut-sei=瀬尾 kn-aut-mei=憲司 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=87 cd-vols= no-issue=9-10 article-no= start-page=737 end-page=747 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1975 dt-pub=19751030 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on fecal bilirubinoid. Part 1. Influence on antituberuculosis drugs on fecal bilirubinoid in lung tuberuculosis kn-title=屎中Bilirubinoidに関する研究 第一編 結核患者屎中bilirubinoidに及ぼす抗結核剤の影響 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=To elucidate the influences on the intestinal fecal flora by antituberuculosis drug rifampicin and the combination with other remedies to tuberuculosis, fecal bilirubinoids were fractionated by IMAI's column chromatography, and identified with photochemical natures of them. Examined cases with lung tuberuculosis were consisted of two groups (A) five cases were administered rifampicin (RFP) only, (B) fifteen cases were given RFP and other antituberuculosis drugs, and (C) five normal subjects as control. The results were as follows: 1) After administration of antituberuculosis drugs, the amount of fecal urobilinogen decreased significantly from 198.44mg to 118.63mg averaged daily. 2) No significant change was observed in the results of liver function tests, that is, serum bilirubin, nonspecific colloid reactions, GOT, GPT, cholesterol, alkaline phosphatase and triglyceride before and after medication. 3) Mesobilirubin and dihydromesobilirubin were identified in each two cases out of group A and group B. Mesobilirubin was detected in two cases out of four using first choice remedies to lung tuberuculosis and a case administered Kanamycin, INH and ethambutol. 4) Absorption maxima of the chloroform fraction colored yellow extracted from the feces of group A were not observed in group C. The yellow pigment did not identified as bilirubinoid or rifampicin and its derivatives with absorption spectra and chemical reactions for the bile pigments. 5) The intermediates of bilirubin to urobilinogen were identified in group A and group B, these results support RFP influences on the intestinal fecal flora from the point of bilirubin metabolism in the intestine. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SeoKenji en-aut-sei=Seo en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=瀬尾憲司 kn-aut-sei=瀬尾 kn-aut-mei=憲司 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科教室 END