start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=15
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=39
end-page=49
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2004
dt-pub=20041215
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Nursing Education for a Gender-equal Society* - The Situation of Male Student Nurses -
kn-title=男女共同参画社会における看護教育―男子看護学生の動向について―
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=Until quite recently, Japanese women had very few opportunities to become financially independent. However, women's rights and independence have been gradually promoted since 1975, the International Women's Year. The 1994 Cairo Conference on Population emphasized women's reproductive rights. Such international movements resulted in the enactment of the 1985 Equal Employment Opportunity Law and the 1999 Law for a Gender-Equal Society in Japan. On the other hand, nursing education had been offered for women only until it became possible for men to become nurses in 1968, when the 1948 law on nursing profession was
amended. Almost half a century has passed, but the percentage of male nurses is still limited. There is still much to be done for achieving equality between male nurses and female nurses. We will overview the history of nursing education and discuss the problems that male nurses face. *Low No.78 of 1999 was established to promote genuine eguality between woman and men
kn-abstract=題目:男女共同参画社会における看護教育―男子看護学生の動向について―
1975年の国際婦人年以来,カイロ宣言でのリプロダクテイブヘルス/ライツ,北京宣言等次々に男女差別の撤回と女性の自立をめざした運動が推進されてきた｡この女性のエンパワーメント運動の中で,我が国は労働基準法,男女雇用機会均等法,育児休業法等の制定および改正を経て,1999年6月｢男女共同参画社会基本法｣の施行に至った｡以来,国を挙げて男女共同参画社会の構築に取組んでいる｡看護界にあっては昭和23年に制定された保健婦助産婦看護婦法における看護職者は女子とされ,男子には国家免許を得る正式な資格が無かった｡やがて,法の改正とともに男性看護職者の進出が可能となってきた｡しかし,半世紀を経て,なお男性看護職者の占める割合は低く,看護界における男女共同参画の現状は進んでいるとはいい難い｡男性看護職者養成の沿革と現状を概観し,その問題点と課題を検討することとした｡
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=GodaNoriko
en-aut-sei=Goda
en-aut-mei=Noriko
kn-aut-name=合田典子
kn-aut-sei=合田
kn-aut-mei=典子
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OhmuroRitsuko
en-aut-sei=Ohmuro
en-aut-mei=Ritsuko
kn-aut-name=大室律子
kn-aut-sei=大室
kn-aut-mei=律子
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NishiyamaChiharu
en-aut-sei=Nishiyama
en-aut-mei=Chiharu
kn-aut-name=西山智春
kn-aut-sei=西山
kn-aut-mei=智春
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SuzukiYoshiko
en-aut-sei=Suzuki
en-aut-mei=Yoshiko
kn-aut-name=鈴木良子
kn-aut-sei=鈴木
kn-aut-mei=良子
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=FuseChigusa
en-aut-sei=Fuse
en-aut-mei=Chigusa
kn-aut-name=布施千草
kn-aut-sei=布施
kn-aut-mei=千草
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MatsumotoYukie
en-aut-sei=Matsumoto
en-aut-mei=Yukie
kn-aut-name=松本幸枝
kn-aut-sei=松本
kn-aut-mei=幸枝
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部保健学科看護学専攻

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=千葉大学看護学部附属看護実践指導研究センター

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=桐生短期大学看護学科

affil-num=4
en-affil=
kn-affil=神奈川県立綾瀬西高等学校

affil-num=5
en-affil=
kn-affil=植草学園短期大学福祉学科地域介護福祉専攻

affil-num=6
en-affil=
kn-affil=植草学園短期大学福祉学科地域介護福祉専攻
en-keyword=男女共同参画社会 (Gender-equal society)
kn-keyword=男女共同参画社会 (Gender-equal society)
en-keyword=男子看護師学生 (male student nurse)
kn-keyword=男子看護師学生 (male student nurse)
en-keyword=看護教育 (nursing education)
kn-keyword=看護教育 (nursing education)
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=15
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=29
end-page=37
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2004
dt-pub=20041215
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=The significance of therapy in a private room to patientsin acute psychiatric wards
kn-title=精神科急性期病棟での精神疾患患者の考える個室環境の意味
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=This study sought to clarify the significance of therapy provided in a private room to hospitalized mentally ill patients, by determining through interview and observation their thoughts and feelings about such an experience. Subjects were 7 mentally ill patients resident in a ward of private rooms. Few patients requested a private room on admission and their reasons for this were considered to include admissions on an involuntary basis, for medical treatment or for custodial care, or because psychiatric status did not enable them to state an intention to have a private room. The results showed that most patients hoped for treatment in a private room regardless of whether or not they had requested it, and that the offer of using such a facility was important to them because most patients who experienced such a therapeutic environment requested it thereafter. Thus, once a patient recognized the availability of therapy in a private room and its benefits, they wanted to use it or to use it more. Patients were found to request use of a private room to preserve privacy, rest in a therapeutic environment promote circumspection, and see themselves as independent of others around, with the affirmative meaning of using a private room as "a place to preserve my privacy ", "a place to take a rest", "a place to gain insight into myself", and "a place to control my condition". Patients reported a negative meaning of "a place to feel loneliness and anxiety".
kn-abstract=本研究は,全個室病棟で療養する精神疾患患者を対象に,患者自身が考える個室環境の意味を明らかにすることを目的とした｡個室に2週間以上療養し,インタビューの協力が得られた患者は7名であった｡患者にとっての個室環境の肯定的意味は,自分だけの空間を確保できることから,他者との距離の調節の場,プライバシーが保護される場,自由裁量が拡大される場であると捉えていた｡また,休養や睡眠が確保できる場,症状をコントロールできる場であるという治療的意味や,個室を自己洞察の場ととらえ,他者の影響を受けずに自分らしさを再獲得するためという意味が示された｡一方,個室環境の否定的意
味として,寂しさや不安が挙げられ,話しかけられる存在を身近に見出しにくい個室においては,わからないことや不安なことを尋ねにくく,人間関係を築くきっかけがつかみにくいことが示された｡
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=ToyotaYukiko
en-aut-sei=Toyota
en-aut-mei=Yukiko
kn-aut-name=豊田由起子
kn-aut-sei=豊田
kn-aut-mei=由起子
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MikiAkiko
en-aut-sei=Miki
en-aut-mei=Akiko
kn-aut-name=三木明子
kn-aut-sei=三木
kn-aut-mei=明子
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YabushitaYuichiro
en-aut-sei=Yabushita
en-aut-mei=Yuichiro
kn-aut-name=藪下祐一郎
kn-aut-sei=藪下
kn-aut-mei=祐一郎
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OnitsukaYoshihiko
en-aut-sei=Onitsuka
en-aut-mei=Yoshihiko
kn-aut-name=鬼塚愛彦
kn-aut-sei=鬼塚
kn-aut-mei=愛彦
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=駒木野病院

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部保健学科看護学専攻

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=駒木野病院

affil-num=4
en-affil=
kn-affil=駒木野病院
en-keyword=精神疾患 (mentally ill)
kn-keyword=精神疾患 (mentally ill)
en-keyword=患者 (patients)
kn-keyword=患者 (patients)
en-keyword=個室 (private room)
kn-keyword=個室 (private room)
en-keyword=精神科急性期病棟 (acute psychiatric ward)
kn-keyword=精神科急性期病棟 (acute psychiatric ward)
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=15
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=23
end-page=28
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2004
dt-pub=20041215
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Analysis of Problems in Family Nursing at Intensive Care Unit of O University Hospital
kn-title=O大学病院のICUにおける家族看護の課題―看護記録からの分析―
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=To study family cares at an intensive care unit (ICU) in O University Hospital, we clarified problems existing in the family cares by grasping patients' character and their family conditions in reference to patients' past records. On the basis of the nursing records of 128 patients, the patients were classified according to reasons for their stay in ICU, their staying period, and how they had left ICU to examine the necessity for family cares mainly from the point how families' sentiment and behaviors differed depending on patients' staying period in ICU. Nursing practice for family cares was evaluated in consideration of
whether information about patients' families had been recorded or not. As a result, nine percents of the patients studied had left ICU by death and in case patients died within 3 days in ICU, no nurses in charge of them had been assigned to or no sufficient follow-up cares had been given to their families, while families' information of all the patients staying in ICU for more than 14 days was recorded, which indicated that nurses could share the information with patients' families to understand them. This research showed the importance not only of giving grief cares to the families who had lost their important person after a short stay in ICU, but also of evaluating continuous cares for families with patients in ICU for a long time, suggesting the need for some revision of the present care system to give mental as well as physical cares to both patients and their families regardless of staying period in ICU.
kn-abstract=O大学病院のICUにおける家族看護のあり方を検討するため,過去の記録から入室患者の特性と家族の状況を把握し,課題を明らかにした｡128例の看護記録を資料に,患者の入室理由,入室期間,転帰の状況を分類し,入室期間別の家族の言動等から,家族看護の必要性について検討した｡また,家族に対する看護実践を,家族に関する情報の記載の有無から評価した｡その結果,ICU入室患者の9%が死亡退院で,そのうち受け持ち看護師の決まっていない入室後3日以内に死を迎えた患者の家族へのフォローが充分に行えていなかったこと,また,14日以上の長期入室患者の家族には,全事例に家族に関する情報が
記載されており,看護師が家族の気持ちや疲労感,患者への回想などの語りを捉えていたことが明らかとなった｡今後は,短期間で死亡の転帰となった家族へのグリーフケアや,長期入室患者の家族に対する継続看護の評価が必要である。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=WatanabeKumi
en-aut-sei=Watanabe
en-aut-mei=Kumi
kn-aut-name=渡邉久美
kn-aut-sei=渡邉
kn-aut-mei=久美
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TakeuchiKae
en-aut-sei=Takeuchi
en-aut-mei=Kae
kn-aut-name=竹内加恵
kn-aut-sei=竹内
kn-aut-mei=加恵
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OkanoHatsue
en-aut-sei=Okano
en-aut-mei=Hatsue
kn-aut-name=岡野初枝
kn-aut-sei=岡野
kn-aut-mei=初枝
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部保健学科看護学専攻

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部・歯学部附属病院集中治療部

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部保健学科看護学専攻
en-keyword=ICU (Intensive Care Unit)
kn-keyword=ICU (Intensive Care Unit)
en-keyword=家族看護 (Family Nursing)
kn-keyword=家族看護 (Family Nursing)
en-keyword=クリティカルケア (Critical care)
kn-keyword=クリティカルケア (Critical care)
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=15
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=15
end-page=21
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2004
dt-pub=20041215
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Stressors and Coping in Hemodialysis Patients
kn-title=血液透析患者のストレッサーと対処
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=The purpose of this study is to clarify stressors and coping in hemodialysis patients, The subjects were sixty five hemodialysis outpatients who agreed to participate in this study. The data was collected by questionnaires that consisted of dialysis stressor, coping and demographic and medical characteristics, from two hospitals in Okayama city. The results were as follows: (1) "uncertainty concerning the future" has the highest scores among the
dialysis stressors, and was followed by psychosocial stressors such as "length of treatment" and "limitation of physical activities". (2) In emotional control negative emotional coping to evade problems and positive emotional coping to face problems are much higher scores than cognitive coping to solve problems. In spite of the improved hemodialysis treatment of today, patients are still under high stresses. it was found that hemodialysis patients strove to cope well with stressful situations such as uncertainty concerning the future and restrictions on time.
kn-abstract=本研究の目的は,血液透析患者のストレッサ-と対処について明らかにすることである｡対象者は岡山市内の二カ所の病院において,研究参加に同意が得られた外来透析患者65名であり,透析ストレッサ一,対処,人口統計学的や医学的な情報などについて質問紙法による調査を行った｡その結果,以下のようなことが明らかになった｡(1)透析ストレッサ-は｢将来への不安｣が最も高く,そして｢治療時間の長さ｣や｢身体的活動の制限｣などの精神的ストレッサ-が続いていた｡(2)対処は,消極的回避的および積極的前向き対処が問題解決的対処よりも上位を占めていた｡今日､医学や透析機器などの改良で透析治療は
進歩を遂げてきているが,透析患者は将来への不安や時間の拘束などの制約や負担を抱えている｡しかしながら,そのようなストレスフルな状況に対して,運命として引き受けるという感情を持ちながらもその思いをマイナスとしてだけに捉えるのではなく,前向きに対処をしていることが伺えた｡
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=HaraAkiko
en-aut-sei=Hara
en-aut-mei=Akiko
kn-aut-name=原明子
kn-aut-sei=原
kn-aut-mei=明子
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HayashiYuko
en-aut-sei=Hayashi
en-aut-mei=Yuko
kn-aut-name=林優子
kn-aut-sei=林
kn-aut-mei=優子
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部･歯学部附属病院看護部

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部保健学科看護学専攻
en-keyword=血液透析患者 (Hemodialysis patients)
kn-keyword=血液透析患者 (Hemodialysis patients)
en-keyword=ストレッサー (stressor)
kn-keyword=ストレッサー (stressor)
en-keyword=対処 (coping)
kn-keyword=対処 (coping)
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=15
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=9
end-page=14
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2004
dt-pub=20041215
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=The effect of Coicis semen and Rhizopus oligosporus-fermented Coicis semen (tempeh) on serum cholesterol in the rat
kn-title=はとむぎ,はとむぎテンペのラットコレステロール代謝改善作用に関する研究
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=The effect of Coicis semen and Rhizopus oligosporus-fermented Coicis semen (tempeh) on serum cholesterol fractions was examined in the rat. Twelve-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were received commercial MF meal (control group), Coicis semen-containing MF meal (Coicis semen group), or tempeh-containing MF meal (tempeh group). Cholesterol fractions were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography at the start of experiment, and 2, 6, 18 weeks later. No difference was found in body weight nor total cholesterol among the three groups. LDL cholesterol was significantly lowered in the tempeh group at 2, 6, 18 weeks. LDL cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio also decreased at 2 and 18 weeks. In the both Coicis semen- and tempeh-fooded groups, LDL cholesterol and LDL cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio were lower than the control group although they were not statistically
significant. No difference was found in HDL cholesterol among the three groups. The results suggest that tempeh may have a favorable effect on cholesterol metabolism.
kn-abstract=はとむぎ(Coicis semen)をテンペ菌(Rhizopus oligosporus)で発酵したはとむぎテンペ(テンペ)の血清コレステロール代謝に対する作用を検討した｡生後12週齢のSprague-Dawley系雄ラットに市販固形飼料(コントロール群),はとむぎ混合飼料(はとむぎ群),テンペ混合飼料(テンペ群)を投与し,2,6,18週間後に高速液体クロマトグラフィー法で血清コレステロールを測定した｡体重増加,総コレステロールはいずれの時点でも3群間に差がなかったが,テンペ群では投与前と比較して2,6,18週間後にLDLコレステロールが有意に低下し,LDLコレステロール/HDLコレステロール比も2,18週間後に有意に低下した｡テンペ群はコントロール群と比較してもLDLコレステロールとLDLコレステロール/HDLコレステロール比が低く,はとむぎ群でも低い傾向がみられたが,有意差はなかった｡以上から,テンペがコレステロール代謝改善作用をもつことが示唆された｡
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=OkamotoMotoi
en-aut-sei=Okamoto
en-aut-mei=Motoi
kn-aut-name=岡本基
kn-aut-sei=岡本
kn-aut-mei=基
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=UsuiShinichi
en-aut-sei=Usui
en-aut-mei=Shinichi
kn-aut-name=臼井真一
kn-aut-sei=臼井
kn-aut-mei=真一
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OkazakiMitsuyo
en-aut-sei=Okazaki
en-aut-mei=Mitsuyo
kn-aut-name=岡崎三代
kn-aut-sei=岡崎
kn-aut-mei=三代
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部保健学科検査技術科学専攻

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部保健学科検査技術科学専攻

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=東京医科歯科大学教養部
en-keyword=はとむぎ (Coicis semen)
kn-keyword=はとむぎ (Coicis semen)
en-keyword=はとむぎテンペ (Rhizopus oligosporus, tempeh)
kn-keyword=はとむぎテンペ (Rhizopus oligosporus, tempeh)
en-keyword=コレステロール (cholesterol)
kn-keyword=コレステロール (cholesterol)
en-keyword=ラット (rat)
kn-keyword=ラット (rat)
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=15
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=1
end-page=7
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2004
dt-pub=20041215
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Quantitative evaluation method of swallowing hypofunctionby aging using Impedance Pharyngography (IPG)
kn-title=インピーダンス咽頭図(IPG)を用いた加齢による嚥下機能減退の定量的評価法
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=Impedance Pharyngography (IPG) measures neck electrical impedance during swallowing. IPG method is simple procedures and the technique which can perform noninvasive
evaluation of swallowing function. IPG waveform reflects swallowing function. However, the influence on IPG waveform by swallowing hypofunction is various by the causes. That is, it will be dependent on a measurement person's subjectivity to compare directly IPG waveforms of subjects whose states of swallowing function differs, and
objectivity is missing.
kn-abstract=インピーダンス咽頭図(Impedance Pharyngography, 以下IPG)は嚥下活動中の頸部電気インピーダンスを測定するもので,嚥下機能評価を簡便かつ無侵襲に行うことができる手法である｡IPG波形は嚥下機能を反映するものであるが嚥下機能の減退による波形への影響はその原因により様々である｡すなわち嚥下機能の状態が異なる被験者のIPG波形を直接比較･診断することは測定者の主観に依存することになり客観性に欠ける｡本研究では,まず青年健常者のNormal IPGをもとに嚥下機能が反映される波形の特徴を評価するパラメータとして,咽頭通過時間,インピーダンス変化率,類似度,嚥下音タイミングの4つを採用し,IPCを定量的に評価する手法を提案した｡また,この評価法を高齢者のIPGに適用し,青年健常者に比べて嚥下活動に関与する器官が円滑に活動を履行する能力に減退が生じる様子を定量的に示した｡
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KusuharaToshimasa
en-aut-sei=Kusuhara
en-aut-mei=Toshimasa
kn-aut-name=楠原俊昌
kn-aut-sei=楠原
kn-aut-mei=俊昌
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NakamuraTakao
en-aut-sei=Nakamura
en-aut-mei=Takao
kn-aut-name=中村隆夫
kn-aut-sei=中村
kn-aut-mei=隆夫
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MoriKeiko
en-aut-sei=Mori
en-aut-mei=Keiko
kn-aut-name=森恵子
kn-aut-sei=森
kn-aut-mei=恵子
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YamamotoYoshitake
en-aut-sei=Yamamoto
en-aut-mei=Yoshitake
kn-aut-name=山本尚武
kn-aut-sei=山本
kn-aut-mei=尚武
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ShirakawaYasuhiro
en-aut-sei=Shirakawa
en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro
kn-aut-name=白川靖博
kn-aut-sei=白川
kn-aut-mei=靖博
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NaomotoYoshio
en-aut-sei=Naomoto
en-aut-mei=Yoshio
kn-aut-name=猶本良夫
kn-aut-sei=猶本
kn-aut-mei=良夫
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部保健学科放射線技術科学専攻

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部保健学科放射線技術科学専攻

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部保健学科看護学専攻

affil-num=4
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部保健学科放射線技術科学専攻

affil-num=5
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯学総合研究科病態制御科学専攻

affil-num=6
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯学総合研究科病態制御科学専攻
en-keyword=嚥下活動 (swallowing)
kn-keyword=嚥下活動 (swallowing)
en-keyword=嚥下障害 (dysphagia)
kn-keyword=嚥下障害 (dysphagia)
en-keyword=生体電気インピーダンス (bio-electrical impedance)
kn-keyword=生体電気インピーダンス (bio-electrical impedance)
en-keyword=インピーダンス咽頭図 (Impedance Pharyngography (IPG))
kn-keyword=インピーダンス咽頭図 (Impedance Pharyngography (IPG))
en-keyword=嚥下機能評価 (assessment of swallowing function)
kn-keyword=嚥下機能評価 (assessment of swallowing function)
END