Acta Medica Okayama volume9 issue1

Camallanidae Railliet et Henry, 1915 1. Procamallanus annulatus n. sp. 2. Procamallanus spiralis Baylis, 1923 Cucullanidae Cobbold, 1879 3. Cucullanus sigani n. sp. 4. Cucullanus armatus n. sp. 5. Cucullanus exiguus n. sp. 6. Cucullanus arii n. sp. Heterocheilidae Railliet et Henry, 1915 7. Contracaecum arii n. sp. 8. Contracaecum sp. 9. Anisakis sp. 10. Porrocaecum sp. Larval Nematodes 11. Contracaecum larvae 12. Porrocaecum larvae 13. Raphidascaris larvae

Acuariidae Seurat, 1913 1. Cheilospirura hamulosa (Dies., 1851) Spiruridae Oerley, 1885 2. Arduenna strongylina (Rud., 1819) Railliei et Henry, 1911 Physalopteridae Leiper, 1908 3. Physaloptera tumefaciens macaci n. subsp. Strongylidae Baird, 1853 4. Oesophagostomum maurum Hung, 1926 5. Oesophagostomum dentatum (Rud , 1803) 6. Ternidens simiae n. sp. 7. Globocephalus simiae n. sp. 8. Bourgelatia didueta Railliet, Henry et Bauche, 1928 9. Stephanurus dentatus Diesing, 1839 Trichostrongylidae Leiper, 1912 10. Mecistocirrus digitatus (v. Linstow, 1906) Railliet et Henry, 1912 Filariidae Claus, 1885 11. Setaria labiatopapillosa (Aless., 1838) 12. Setaria Bernardi Railliet et Henry, 1911 Trichuridae Railliet, 1915 13. Trichuris trichiura (Linne, 1771) Stiles, 1901

March of spasm in epileptic convulsions was first observed by Tackson in 1863, when he said that in certain epileptic convulsions there is a phenomenon, where the convulsion starts from a certain muscle group and gradually spreads to other muscle groups. He called this, "march of spasm" and reported that it spreads according to the arrangement of motor representations in Rolando's area of the cerebral cortex. Since then, many important studies concerning the cerebral motor cortex were performed and reported. Recently, when Erickson had brought out a method in measuring electroencephalographic waves, Jackson's theory has been acknowledged. In Japan, Hayashi and his school has made an extensive study on epileptic convulsion. They used nicotine, cardiazol and others as chemical stimulations and decided the conduction tract of epileptic convulsion in dogs. The characteristic part of chemical stimulation is that, the nelve cells excite themselves when it is injected directly among them in certain concentrations and do not excite themselves when performed among nerve fibers. This was proved by Ishizuka. We used this method in dogs to see what was the mechanism of this phenomenon, "march" which is seen in epileptic convulsions and what tracts they took for conduction. And as its result, we found new facts that the presence of the motor cortex was needed for the march of spasm, and the conduction tract descending from the lenticular nucleus were quite different from Hayashi and his school had previously reported.

Recently Kagawa found out that when the enzyme (papayo tin) substrate (gelatin) mixture had been previously irradiated with X-rays the amount of decomposition products varied in comparison with the unirradiated mixture. He thought that such a quantitative difference of fermentative products might be due to the influence of X-rays on the enzyme action. Therefore the author attempted, in the first place, to determine the optimum dose of X-rays in the proteolytic action of papayotin; in the second place, the relation between the effects of activator and inhibitor respectively and of X-rays; and finally the activity of papayotin after the papayotin substrate mixture as well as after the substrate in the mixture was irradiated.

Increase of capillary permeability is the chief symptomatic reaction of various pathologic states, especially that of localized inflammation, and this is the characteristic pharmacological properties of histamine at a far smaller concentration than that of any other chemical substances (Lewis, 1927; Crammer and Hele, 1944). There are numerous observations as to the diminishing effect of antihistamines on the flare and wheal caused by histamine and the inhibition by antihistamines of localized accumulation of intravenously injected dyes, such as trypan blue, referable to intradermal injection of histamine (for refs. cf. Loew, 1947; Fe£nberg et al., 1950). As for the inhibition of capillary permeability by antihistamines, some maintain that this action is limited to the case where such permeability has been increased by histamine (Wells, Morris and Dragstedt, 1946; Netter, 1947; Rigdon, 1949), but no single and decisive conclusion can yet be given.

Adversive movement was first reported in 1870 by Fritsch and Hitzig when they said that when gyrus Sylvii was stimulated electrically the eyes moved to the opposite side of the stimulation. Vogt and Foerster made a detailed report on adversive movement, which is a rotary motion of the head, trunk and both eyes. But in their report, they did not make it clear what tracts the stimulation took. Mitsueda, who iS under Hayashi, defined the cortical area of the eye balls and the eye lids. He reported that they were of the extrapyramidal kind. Russel reported that when the cerebellum was stimulated the eye balls moved to the side of the stimulation, but did not say anything about adveraive movements which concerned the movement of the head and the trunk. Therefore, to ascertain the center of adversive movement and its tract the following experiments were performed. For stimulation electrical ones and chemical ones using metrazol (cardiazol) were used. As Ishizuka, who is under Hayashi, has proved excitement is only seen when cardiazol is injected among the nerve cells at a certain concentration, and it is not seen when injected among the nerve fibres.

Strongylidae Baird. 1853 1. Trichonema goldi Boulenger. 1916 2. T. poculatum (Looss. 1900) 3. T. longibursatum (Yorke et Macfie. 1918) 4. T. bicoronatum (Looss. 1900) 5. Bourgelatia diducta RaiJJiet. Henry et Bauche. 1919 6. Gyalocephalus capitatus Looss, 1900 7. Oesophagostomum columbianum Curtice. 1890 8. Chabertia ovina (Gmelin. 1790) RailIiet et Henry. 1909 Trichostrongylidae Leiper. 1912 9. Trichostrongylus axei (Cobb., 1879) RaiJJiet et Henry. 1909 10. T. colubriformis (Giles. 1892) Ransom. 1911 11. Haemonchus contortus (Rud., 1803) 12. Ostertagia circumcincta (Stadelmann. 1894) Ransom. 1907 13. Cooperia curticei (Giles. 1892) Ransom. 1907 14. Heligmosomum costellatum (Duj., 1845) Railliet et Henry. 1909 15. Longistriata wolgaensis Schulz. 1926