The effects of tricyclic drugs (clomipramine, imipramine, chlorpromazine and promethazine) on isolated liver mitochondria of rats were examined. All the drugs tested accelerated state 4 respiration. Their stimulative potency at concentrations below 100 microM was in the order of chlorpromazine greater than clomipramine greater than imipramine, promethazine. On state 3 respiration, the chlorine containing drugs had an inhibitive effect at high concentrations, while the other drugs seemed to have a slightly stimulative effect. These drugs stimulated latent ATPase activity of mitochondria. Clomipramine and chlorpromazine inhibited 2, 4-dinitrophenol-stimulated ATPase activity in a dose-dependent fashion. Imipramine also inhibited 2, 4-dinitrophenol-stimulated ATPase activity at high concentrations. Promethazine, however, had almost no effect. All the drugs induced potassium release from mitochondrial vesicles, and their potency was in the order of clomipramine greater than chlorpromazine greater than imipramine greater than promethazine. These results suggest that clomipramine, imipramine, chlorpromazine and promethazine cause impediments in both mitochondrial respiration and ion compartmentation, and that the chlorine containing drugs are more toxic than others on the functions of the mitochondrial membrane.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=EtoKohei en-aut-sei=Eto en-aut-mei=Kohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukudaTamotsu en-aut-sei=Fukuda en-aut-mei=Tamotsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ArakiYasunori en-aut-sei=Araki en-aut-mei=Yasunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=InoueBunji en-aut-sei=Inoue en-aut-mei=Bunji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OgataMasana en-aut-sei=Ogata en-aut-mei=Masana kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=tricyclic drugs kn-keyword=tricyclic drugs en-keyword=mitochondria kn-keyword=mitochondria en-keyword=oxidative phosphorylation kn-keyword=oxidative phosphorylation en-keyword=potassium release kn-keyword=potassium release en-keyword=ATPase activity kn-keyword=ATPase activity END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=39 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=321 end-page=328 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1985 dt-pub=198508 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Serum and urinary ferritin levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The serum and urinary ferritin levels in 52 RA patients were measured by the 2-site immunoradiometric assay method. Serum ferritin levels in RA patients correlated with C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) but not with serum iron levels and hemoglobin concentrations, although they were within the normal range. High serum ferritin levels were associated with sera with hyper gamma-globulin and rheumatoid factors. In sequential studies, serum ferritin changed in parallel with ESR, CRP and disease activity in a majority of the patients. The urinary ferritin levels and u/s ratios in some RA patients were higher than control values. Higher values were found particularly in the group of patients under gold therapy but not in groups under other treatments.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NishiyaKoji en-aut-sei=Nishiya en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuedaHideki en-aut-sei=Matsueda en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShirakamiToshiaki en-aut-sei=Shirakami en-aut-mei=Toshiaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HatanoMakoto en-aut-sei=Hatano en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanoKeisuke en-aut-sei=Yano en-aut-mei=Keisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OguraToshiro en-aut-sei=Ogura en-aut-mei=Toshiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakaokaMichio en-aut-sei=Takaoka en-aut-mei=Michio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirakiYoshio en-aut-sei=Hiraki en-aut-mei=Yoshio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=AonoKaname en-aut-sei=Aono en-aut-mei=Kaname kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=EzawaHidemitsu en-aut-sei=Ezawa en-aut-mei=Hidemitsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtaZensuke en-aut-sei=Ota en-aut-mei=Zensuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=9 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=10 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=11 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=rheumatoid arthritis kn-keyword=rheumatoid arthritis en-keyword=serum ferritin kn-keyword=serum ferritin en-keyword=urinary ferritin kn-keyword=urinary ferritin en-keyword=gold therapy kn-keyword=gold therapy END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=39 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=247 end-page=251 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1985 dt-pub=198508 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The calcium antagonist, nicardipine, inhibits antigen-stimulated and anti-IgE-induced histamine release from basophilic leucocytes of atopic asthmatics. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The inhibitory effect of nicardipine, a calcium antagonist, on the antigen- and anti-IgE-induced histamine release from basophilic leucocytes of patients with bronchial asthma was examined. The agent significantly inhibited both antigen-stimulated and anti-IgE-induced histamine release from basophils (the maximum percent inhibition was 57.8 +/- 7.2% and 56.0 +/- 8.8%, respectively). Pre-incubation of basophils with nicardipine for periods of up to 120 min did not alter the inhibitory effect. These results suggest that nicardipine modifies the histamine release from basophils which closely participate in an attack of bronchial asthma.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TanizakiYoshiro en-aut-sei=Tanizaki en-aut-mei=Yoshiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KomagoeHaruki en-aut-sei=Komagoe en-aut-mei=Haruki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorinagaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Morinaga en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhtaniJun en-aut-sei=Ohtani en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakagawaSaburo en-aut-sei=Nakagawa en-aut-mei=Saburo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaedaMasanori en-aut-sei=Maeda en-aut-mei=Masanori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitaniHikaru en-aut-sei=Kitani en-aut-mei=Hikaru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahashiKiyoshi en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Kiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimuraIkuro en-aut-sei=Kimura en-aut-mei=Ikuro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=9 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=histamine release kn-keyword=histamine release en-keyword=basophils kn-keyword=basophils en-keyword=antigen kn-keyword=antigen en-keyword=anti-IgE kn-keyword=anti-IgE en-keyword=Ca2+ antagonist kn-keyword=Ca2+ antagonist END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=39 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=275 end-page=287 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1985 dt-pub=198508 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Hormonal regulation of ornithine decarboxylase and polyamines in primary cultured rat hepatocytes--differences in hormonal response between adult and fetal hepatocytes. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Polyamines are polycationic substances which are widely distributed in living organisms and have a close relation to rapid growth phenomena. We examined ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), which is the rate limiting enzyme of polyamine biosynthesis, and polyamine induction in primary cultured rat hepatocytes by various hormones which increase during pregnancy, and revealed differences in hormonal responses between adult and fetal rat hepatocytes. Thirteen hormones, including estrone, estradiol, progesterone, testosterone, human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), cortisol, dexamethasone, insulin, glucagon, epinephrine and epidermal growth factor (EGF), were tested. Among these hormones, only insulin, dexamethasone and EGF induced ODC activity and polyamine biosynthesis, especially that of putrescine, in both adult and fetal hepatocytes. The effects of EGF were the most significant. The combined effect of insulin and dexamethasone was additive, while that of insulin and EGF was synergistic. The rate of ODC induction was higher in adult hepatocytes than in fetal hepatocytes, however, the reaction was earlier in fetal hepatocytes. These observations suggest that ODC and polyamines in the fetal stage of development are regulated by a mechanism different from that in the adult liver.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HiramatsuYuji en-aut-sei=Hiramatsu en-aut-mei=Yuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=EguchiKatsuto en-aut-sei=Eguchi en-aut-mei=Katsuto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SekibaKaoru en-aut-sei=Sekiba en-aut-mei=Kaoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=ornithine decarboxylase kn-keyword=ornithine decarboxylase en-keyword=polyamine kn-keyword=polyamine en-keyword=primary culture kn-keyword=primary culture en-keyword=adult rat hepatocyte kn-keyword=adult rat hepatocyte en-keyword=fetal rat hepatocyte kn-keyword=fetal rat hepatocyte END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=39 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=265 end-page=273 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1985 dt-pub=198508 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Concentrations of polyamines in umbilical blood. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Red blood cell and plasma polyamines in umbilical and maternal blood at delivery were measured using high performance liquid chromatography. The concentration of each polyamine in red blood cells and plasma of umbilical blood was significantly higher than in maternal blood. Spermidine and spermine concentrations in fetal red blood cells decreased markedly with the progress of pregnancy. In addition, younger red blood cells contained more polyamines than older cells. Red blood cell polyamines are closely associated with the cell membrane. Plasma polyamine in umbilical blood reflect active fetal metabolism, whereas red blood cell polyamines mainly reflect alterations in erythropoiesis in bone marrow and may indicate the proliferation of the bone marrow.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HiramatsuYuji en-aut-sei=Hiramatsu en-aut-mei=Yuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=EguchiKatsuto en-aut-sei=Eguchi en-aut-mei=Katsuto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SekibaKaoru en-aut-sei=Sekiba en-aut-mei=Kaoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=polyamine kn-keyword=polyamine en-keyword=umbilical blood kn-keyword=umbilical blood en-keyword=red blood cell kn-keyword=red blood cell en-keyword=plasma kn-keyword=plasma en-keyword=fetal grouwth kn-keyword=fetal grouwth END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=39 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=329 end-page=338 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1985 dt-pub=198508 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The organization of thalamic neurons projecting to the premotor cortex and the caudate nucleus in the cat studied by a fluorescent retrograde double labeling technique. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Thalamic neurons projecting to both the head of the caudate nucleus and the premotor cortex in the cat were studied by the retrograde fluorescent double labeling technique. After injections of Evans blue into the caudate nucleus, and diamidino-phenylindol into the premotor cortex, a small number of double labeled neurons appeared in the ventral anterior, ventral lateral, anteromedial, rhomboid, central dorsal, central lateral, central medial, paracentral and parafascicular nuclei, in addition to numerous single-labeled neurons. This indicates that some neurons in the thalamic nuclei send bifurcating axons to both the head of the caudate nucleus and the premotor cortex. The caudatal projections of these thalamic neurons are organized in a topical manner.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YanagiharaMamoru en-aut-sei=Yanagihara en-aut-mei=Mamoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NiimiKahee en-aut-sei=Niimi en-aut-mei=Kahee kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=thalamus kn-keyword=thalamus en-keyword=axon collateral kn-keyword=axon collateral en-keyword=fluorescent tracer kn-keyword=fluorescent tracer en-keyword=caudate nucleus kn-keyword=caudate nucleus en-keyword=premotor cortex kn-keyword=premotor cortex END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=39 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=253 end-page=263 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1985 dt-pub=198508 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Catecholamines in amniotic fluid as indicators of intrapartum fetal stress. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Catecholamines were measured in the amniotic fluid and in the first voided newborn urine obtained from appropriate-for-date infants of term deliveries. Catecholamine values in the amniotic fluid and urine were nearly equal when expressed in terms of creatinine. Significant positive correlations were observed between the amniotic fluid and urine of norepinephrine and epinephrine. In normal cases (n = 32) that underwent uneventful vaginal delivery, the 95% confidence limits for norepinephrine and epinephrine in the amniotic fluid were 1.53 to 2.33 ng/ml and 0.16 to 0.30 ng/ml, respectively. In cases of moderate stress (n = 12), only norepinephrine showed significantly higher values than the normal cases, while in cases of severe stress (n = 12), norepinephrine became more significantly high, and epinephrine was found to be elevated significantly. A significant difference was noted in the incidence of fetal stress between the infants with more than and those with less than 2.30 ng/ml of norepinephrine, the upper limits of the normal 95% confidence limits. However, for epinephrine such a significant difference was not noted. It was concluded that amniotic fluid catecholamines are of fetal origin and reflect fetal sympathoadrenal activity directly, even during labor, and that their level may be a good indicator of fetal condition and stress.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YashiroYuriko en-aut-sei=Yashiro en-aut-mei=Yuriko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KudoTakafumi en-aut-sei=Kudo en-aut-mei=Takafumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KishimotoYasuo en-aut-sei=Kishimoto en-aut-mei=Yasuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=amniotic fluid kn-keyword=amniotic fluid en-keyword=fetal catecholamines kn-keyword=fetal catecholamines en-keyword=norepinephrine kn-keyword=norepinephrine en-keyword=epinephrine kn-keyword=epinephrine en-keyword=intrapartum fetal stress kn-keyword=intrapartum fetal stress END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=39 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=315 end-page=319 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1985 dt-pub=198508 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Neuropeptides and their receptors in aged-rat brain. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Age-associated changes in methionine-enkephalin (ENK) and thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) concentrations, and their receptors were examined in discrete regions of the rat brain. The ENK and TRH concentrations in aged rats were nearly identical to those in young adult rats, except for a slightly lower TRH value in the hypothalamus of the aged rats. On the other hand, the ENK and TRH receptor levels in the cerebral cortex of aged rats was markedly lower than that of young adults rats. The results suggest that determinations of both neuropeptide and receptor levels are indispensable for evaluation of peptide-mediated neural systems in the central nervous system.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OgawaNorio en-aut-sei=Ogawa en-aut-mei=Norio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=methionine-enkephalin(ENK) kn-keyword=methionine-enkephalin(ENK) en-keyword= htyrotropin releasing hormone(TRH) kn-keyword= htyrotropin releasing hormone(TRH) en-keyword=receptors kn-keyword=receptors en-keyword=aged-rat brain kn-keyword=aged-rat brain END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=39 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=297 end-page=313 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1985 dt-pub=198508 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effects of respiration on the vectorcardiogram obtained with the Frank lead system en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Vectorcardiograms were recorded with the Frank lead system using electrodes positioned at the level of the 5 th intercostal space with the subject in the supine position. Deep inspiration produced the following significant changes compared with deep expiration: (1) the maximum leftward forces of the P, QRS, and T vectors decreased, whereas the maximum anterior and posterior forces of the QRS and T vectors increased; (2) the maximum spatial QRS vector decreased in magnitude; (3) the maximum spatial P, QRS, and T vectors shifted vertically, posteriorly and vertically, and anteriorly, respectively; and (4) the spatial QRS-T angle increased remarkably. The spatial instantaneous QRS vectors were analyzed at 5 msec intervals in 35 of the 61 subjects. With inspiration, the 35- through 50-msec vectors shifted posteriorly with markedly reduced leftward forces and increased posterior forces. It was suggested that the respiration-related vectorcardiographic changes reflected cardiac anatomic positional change, distortion of lead-field potential by lung gases, and other mechanisms. Since the respiratory effect is potentially important for vectorcardiographic interpretation, vectorcardiograms should be recorded under identical respiratory status.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamadaNobuyuki en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=Nobuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=respiration kn-keyword=respiration en-keyword=vectorcardiogram kn-keyword=vectorcardiogram en-keyword=Frank lead system kn-keyword=Frank lead system en-keyword=maximum spatial vector kn-keyword=maximum spatial vector en-keyword=instantaneous QRS vector kn-keyword=instantaneous QRS vector END