A number of derivatives and related compounds of lumisantonin were submitted to evaluatien for the action of histamine-release inhibition and antiinflammatory effect, as they structurally resemble guaiazulene in which these actions had been proved. Nineteen compounds of these suppressed 50 per cent or more of the increase in urinary excretion of histamine due to ovomucoid injection. Five of them markedly inhibited all the edemas in the rat hind paws induced by local inoculation of dextran, hyaluronidase, histamine, and 5-hydroxytryptamine. Among these compounds, #32(methyl pyrophotosantoninate) showed a superior effect of inhibition than guaiazulene on all of these edemas, although the effects of two drugs were comparable in the case of oral administration. The members showing the edema inhibition likewise evidently protected passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in guinea pigs by the intraperitoneal administration; the effect of #32 was more marked than guaiazulene. This effect could be observed when applied to the skin with an ointment containing the compouhd in a concentration of more than 0.03 per cent 24 hours before. In vitro histamine releases from the minced lung tissue of sensitized guinea pig elicited by antigen and sinomenine were both inhibited by these compounds. These findings indicate that the main sites of the histamine-release inhibition and of the anti-inflammatory effect of these compounds are in the local tissue. Compound #32 failed to show any analgesic effect in mice, but possessed a considerable antipyretic action in rats. Some of the compounds in the tests depressed guinea-pig ileal strip while guaiazulene increased peristalsis, but any of these actions was not recognized with #32 even in a high concentration. Most of the members effective in inhibiting edemas as well as histamine release proved to be less toxic than guaiazulene. #32 was well tolerated in the doses of 6g/kg orally and of 4g/kg intraperitoneally by mice. The growth curves for three weeks of rats practically did not deviate from that of the controls by daily administration of 1g/kg of #32 by stomach tube and there were no gross and microscopical abnormalities in the main organs and blood.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamasakiHidemasa en-aut-sei=Yamasaki en-aut-mei=Hidemasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KondoKazuji en-aut-sei=Kondo en-aut-mei=Kazuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=UdaTeruo en-aut-sei=Uda en-aut-mei=Teruo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoTakashi en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=EndoKoiti en-aut-sei=Endo en-aut-mei=Koiti kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=391 end-page=403 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1961 dt-pub=196112 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Glucose-6-phosphatase activity in regenerating cholangiole cells and hepatoma cells en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Histogenesis of hepatic cancer has been analysed by observing glycogen by PAS staining and the histochemically demonstrable G-6-Pase activity on the liver of rats fed with 3'-Me-DAB or 3'-Ni-DAB. By observations on normal hepatic tissue it has been revealed that these two reactions are specific to the cytoplasm of liver parenchymal cells. Observations on the liver from the early stage of dye feeding, up to 100 days, show a marked proliferation of cholangioles in 3'-Me-DAB feeding on polished rice but only a poor reaction of cholangioles in 3'-Me-DAB feeding with synthetic diet. After 15-16 weeks of 3'-Me-DAB feeding cancer develops, a great erpart of which is consisted of cholangiocellular carcinoma and a portion, hepatocellular carcinoma. Histochemical observations on G-6-Pase and glycogen reveal that regenerating cholangiole and adenomatous tissues seem to have poles, on one side, the cells differentiate to liver parenchymal cells and on the other side, they differentiate to bile duct cells. Cancers develop mainly from these regenerating adenomatous tissues and they develop to cholangiocellular cancer or to hepatocellular cancer. The histogenesis of the latter can be traced histochemically. In the cases fed with 3'-Ni-DAB, the activity of cholangiole cells and the development of adenomatous tissue are rather poor with the delayed cancer formation. However, in these cases the majority of cancers are of hepatocellular carcinoma and the developmental mode of hepatocellular cancer can easily be traced by the G-6-Pase activity.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KimotoTetsuo en-aut-sei=Kimoto en-aut-mei=Tetsuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoshibaKoichi en-aut-sei=Koshiba en-aut-mei=Koichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayashiKenji en-aut-sei=Hayashi en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=375 end-page=389 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1961 dt-pub=196112 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=An electron microscope study of liver cell in carbon tetrachloride intoxication, significance of "opaque area" en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Electron microscope study on the rat liver cells of carbon tetrachloride poisoning has been reported. Observations have been made on the osmic fixed tissue sections obtained from the liver at early stages of poisoning, 5 to 22 hours after carbon tetrachloride oral administration, 0.25ml. per 100g. body weight. Special attention is paid on the appearance of electron dense area, opaque area, in cytoplasm, which is compased of fibrous components, probably originated from endoplasmic reticulum. This will be an important sign of cell degeneration. Toluidine blue, PAS and methyl green-pyronin stainings of the thicker sections from the same samples as used for electron microscopy revealed that the opaque area is stained by toluidine blue and pyronin but not by PAS. The opaque areas appear already five hours after the carbon tetrachloride administration and show some continuity with elongated filaments of endoplasmic reticulum. At an advanced stage of paisoning the opaque area increases in its number and size, but some of them are shrunk as a mass, being separated from the surrounding cytoplasm with scanty area. Often they form denser masses in the center and loak like the lipid deposition. The picture suggests formation of lipid droplets in the case of fatty degeneration of the liver cell.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HabaKyoichi en-aut-sei=Haba en-aut-mei=Kyoichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SenoSatimaru en-aut-sei=Seno en-aut-mei=Satimaru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=367 end-page=374 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1961 dt-pub=196112 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on the portein synthesis in poisoning,1. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The incorporation of C14-2-glycine into the subcellular fractions of liver, kidney and serum proteins was observed in mice receiving CCl4 injections. The results showed a marked inhibitory effect of CCl4 on incorporation of C14-glycine into each subcellular fraction of the liver, but not of the kidney. The inhibition of the C14-glycine incorporation was most marked in mitochondria, moderate in soluble protein and minimal in microsomes, in the groups of mice given two injections of CCl4. In the animals given CCl. injection, serum albumin is decreased with the decreased incorporation of C14-glycine into the albumin but β-globulin fraction is increased. The former will be the result of the decreased albumin synthesis in the poisoned liver and the latter will be correlated with the fatty degeneration of liver.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OgataMasana en-aut-sei=Ogata en-aut-mei=Masana kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END