start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=13
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=373
end-page=389
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2010
dt-pub=2010
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Mechanisms of Acido-Tolerance and Characteristics of Photosystems in an Acidophilic and Thermophilic Red Alga, Cyanidium Caldarium
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=In this chapter, we describe the mechanisms of acido-tolerance in an acidophilic- and thermophilic red alga, Cyanidium caldarium. In spite of the extremely acidic environments it inhabits, the intracellular pH of Cyanidium cells is kept neutral by pumping out the protons previously leaked into the cells according to the steep pH gradient. The H+ pump is driven by the plasma membrane ATPase, utilizing intracellular ATP produced by both oxidative phosphorylation and cyclic photophosphorylation via photosystem I. We also describe the characteristics and function of the two photosystems, Photosystem I (PSI) and II (PSII), in Cyanidium caldarium in comparison with those of cyanobacteria, other eukaryotic algae, and higher plants, based on the crystal structures of the two complexes reported so far.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=EnamiIsao
en-aut-sei=Enami
en-aut-mei=Isao
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=AdachiHideyuki
en-aut-sei=Adachi
en-aut-mei=Hideyuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ShenJian-Ren
en-aut-sei=Shen
en-aut-mei=Jian-Ren
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=Division of Bioscience, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=Division of Bioscience, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
END