start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=70 cd-vols= no-issue=11 article-no= start-page=4141 end-page=4148 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=19581130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on Benzene Poisoning Part 4 Hygienic Investigation on Lacquer-Spray Workers kn-title=Benzene中毒に関する研究 第Ⅳ編 ラッカー吹付塗装工の実態調査成績 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In May, 1956, several analyses of the atmospheric benzene concentration in spray-painting factories of motor-cars and general examinations were made on 16 workers exposed to thinner (benzene) during their working hours, and the following results were obtained. 1. The atmospheric benzene concentration in each plant was 15-96 p.p.m. at the breathing level of the laborers working at about 1 meter away from the sprayer and the concentration was about 67 p.p.m. on the average. 2. Blood examinations: An increase in the hemoglobin content was not observable, but a decrease in the red cell count was seen with a tendency towards an increase in the average diameter of the cell, and red cells indicated a picture of macrocytic-hyperchromatic anemia. A decrease in the leucocyte count was obvious, especially, neutrophil leucocytes showed the decrease in both relative percentage and absolute counts and also the leftward nuclear shift was recognized. 3. Some workers complained of fatigue, loss of bodyweight, dizziness and sleeplessness as the subjective symptoms. 4. Ethereal sulfate ratio and conjugated phenol ratio in the urine exhibited a considerable increase both before and after the work as compared with those of the control. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SugaharaKiyoshi en-aut-sei=Sugahara en-aut-mei=Kiyoshi kn-aut-name=菅原澄 kn-aut-sei=菅原 kn-aut-mei=澄 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部公衆衛生学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=70 cd-vols= no-issue=11 article-no= start-page=4111 end-page=4127 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=19581130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on Benzene Poisoning Part 2 The Influence of Inhalated Benzene on Blood Picture, Ethereal Sulfate Ratio and Phenol in the Urine and Clinical Symotoms in Rabbits kn-title=Benzene中毒に関する研究 第Ⅱ編 吸入Benzeneの家兎血液像,尿中Ether硫酸比及びPhenolに及ぼす影響並びにその中毒症状について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=For the purpose of inducing benzene poisoning in the rabbits by inhalation of benzene, the author deviced a new type of generator and inspirator of benzene gas to be maintained at a constant concentration and performed experiments of benzene inhalation with rabbits and guinea-pigs; and obtained the following results: 1. In the benzene inhalation with the rabbits, at the concentration of 15,000 p.p.m. or more, test rabbits died within several hours, and at the concentration of 10.000 p.p.m., they died within 3 weeks, and at 5.000 p.p.m. in a month. However at the concentration of 2,000 p.p.m. they all survived. 2. In the case of the guinea-pigs benzene inhalated was exhalated again almost completely within 5 hours after cessation of the inhalation. Hematological changes: 1. In general, at all concentrations, the red cell count, leucocyte count and hemoglobin content temporarily increased immediately after inhalation, but thereafter they decreased by degrees in the course of repeated inhalation. As for the leucocyte series, pseudo-eosinophil leucocyte had obviously sustaind effect on both relative percentage and absolute counts, and also the leftward nuclear shift was observed. 2. The reticulocyte count also by inhalation brought about an obvious increase temporarily, but on the other hand, it tended to increase in the last stage. 3. On the smear preparation, staining of proper granules of pseudo-eosinophil leucocytes grew poor by degrees, and when benzene was inhaled at the concentration of 5,000 p.p.m. or more, there appeared toxic granules, and violent anisocytosis and poikilocytosis was observed in the last stage. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SugaharaKiyoshi en-aut-sei=Sugahara en-aut-mei=Kiyoshi kn-aut-name=菅原澄 kn-aut-sei=菅原 kn-aut-mei=澄 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部公衆衛生学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=70 cd-vols= no-issue=11 article-no= start-page=4099 end-page=4110 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=19581130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on Benzene Poisoning Part 1 Studies on Detoxication and Excretion of Administrated kn-title=Benzene中毒に関する研究 第Ⅰ編 投与Benzeneの解毒排泄に関する研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=As a link in the studies on benzene poisoning, the butanone method for the microquantitative analysis of benzene in the air has been investigated, and also various conditions leading to the maximum development of the colour have been determined; and a situation of elimination of unchanged benzene, the ratio of ethereal sulfate to total sulfate and phenol in the urine after the rabbits receiving benzene have been studied. The results are as follows: 1. As for the concentration ethanol at 1-2 per cent, NaOH at 0.005-0.008 per cent and H(2)O at below 0.5 per cent proved to be optimal on the development of the colour by the butanone method. 2. After the administration of 200-500 mg benzene per Kg. body weight, benzene concentration in the exhaled air increased rapidly, and reached the maximum 2 hours after oral administration and intra peritoneal injection. Thereafter it decreased rapidly and became almost zero 15 hours later, while in the case of subctaneous injection, it reached its maximum 3 hours afterward, and thereafter, though gradually, the elimination continued over 24 hours after administration. 3. Ethereal sulfate ratio and phenol in the urine reached the maximum 24 hours after receiving benzene, but they returned to the normal level 48 hours afterward. 4. In the cases of 0.2-1.0 g/kg of benzene by various method, the ratio of eliminated benzene to administrated one obtained so far are as follows: as elimination unchanged 43.5-78% as ethereal sulfate 2.9-18% as phenol 3.2-16.7% as a whole, 73.5-83.9% has been eliminated. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SugaharaKiyoshi en-aut-sei=Sugahara en-aut-mei=Kiyoshi kn-aut-name=菅原澄 kn-aut-sei=菅原 kn-aut-mei=澄 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部公衆衛生学教室 END